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  • Chemistry
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (342)
  • Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center  (52)
  • Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries  (13)
  • NOAA/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science  (10)
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  • 1
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    NOAA/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science | Silver Spring, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14678 | 403 | 2014-02-24 20:59:15 | 14678 | United States National Ocean Service
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: This report is the second in a series from a project to assess land-based sources of pollution (LBSP) and effects in the St. Thomas East End Reserves (STEER) in St. Thomas, USVI, and is the result of a collaborative effort between NOAA’s National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, the USVI Department of Planning and Natural Resources, the University of the Virgin Islands, and The Nature Conservancy.Passive water samplers (POCIS) were deployed in the STEER in February 2012. Developed by the US Geological Survey(USGS) as a tool to detect the presence of water solublecontaminants in the environment, POCIS samplers were deployed in the STEER at five locations. In addition to the February 2012 deployment, the results from an earlier POCIS deployment in May 2010 in Turpentine Gut, a perennial freshwater stream which drains to the STEER, are also reported.A total of 26 stormwater contaminants were detected at least once during the February 2012 deployment in the STEER. Detections were high enough to estimate ambient water concentrations for nine contaminants using USGS sampling rate values. From the May 2010 deployment in Turpentine Gut, 31 stormwater contaminants were detected, and ambient water concentrations could be estimated for 17 compounds.Ambient water concentrations were estimated for a numberof contaminants including the detergent/surfactant metabolite 4-tert-octylphenol, phthalate ester plasticizers DEHP and DEP, bromoform, personal care products including menthol, indole, n,n-diethyltoluamide (DEET), along with the animal/plant sterol cholesterol, and the plant sterol beta-sitosterol. Only DEHP appeared to have exceeded a water quality guideline for the protection of aquatic organisms.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Environment ; Pollution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 22
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  • 2
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    NOAA/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science | Silver Spring, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14679 | 403 | 2014-02-24 19:16:48 | 14679 | United States National Ocean Service
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: This report contains a chemical and biological characterization of sediments from the St. Thomas East End Reserves (STEER) in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI). The STEER Management Plan (published in 2011) identified chemical contaminants and habitat loss as high or very high threats and called for a characterization of chemical contaminants as well as an assessment of their effects on natural resources. The baseline information contained in this report on chemical contaminants, toxicity and benthic infaunal community composition can be used to assess current conditions, as well as the efficacy of future restoration activities. In this phase of the project, 185 chemical contaminants, including a number of organic (e.g., hydrocarbons and pesticides) and inorganic (e.g., metals) compounds, were analyzed from 24 sites in the STEER. Sediments were also analyzed using a series of toxicity bioassays, including amphipod mortality, sea urchin fertilization impairment, and the cytochrome P450 Human Reporter Gene System (HRGS), along with a characterization of the benthic infaunal community. Higher levels of chemical contaminants were found in Mangrove Lagoon and Benner Bay in the western portion of the study area than in the eastern area. The concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane), chlordane, zinc, copper, lead and mercury were above a NOAA sediment quality guideline at one or more sites, indicating impacts may be present in more sensitive species or life stages in the benthic environment. Copper at one site in Benner Bay, however, was above a NOAA guideline indicating that effects on benthic organisms were likely. The antifoulant boat hull ingredient tributyltin, or TBT, was found at the third highest concentration in the history of NOAA’s National Status and Trends (NS&T) Program, which monitors the Nation’s coastal and estuarine waters for chemical contaminants and bioeffects. Unfortunately, there do not appear to be any established sediment quality guidelines for TBT. Results of the bioassays indicated significant sediment toxicity in Mangrove Lagoon and Benner Bay using multiple tests. The benthic infaunal communities in Mangrove Lagoon and Benner Bay appeared severely diminished.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Environment ; Pollution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 70
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  • 3
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    NOAA/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science | Charleston, SC
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14710 | 403 | 2014-02-22 22:53:38 | 14710 | United States National Ocean Service
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: Porphyrin metabolic disruption from exposure to xenobiotic contaminants such as heavy metals, dioxins, and aromatic hydrocarbons can elicit overproduction of porphyrins. Measurement of porphyrin levels, when used in conjunction with other diagnostic assays, can help elucidate an organism’s physiological condition and provide evidence for exposure to certain toxicants. A sensitive microplate fluorometric assay has been optimized for detectingtotal porphyrin levels in detergent solubilized protein extracts from symbiotic, dinoflagellate containing cnidarian tissues. The denaturing buffer used in this modified assay contains a number of potentially interfering components (e.g., sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), dithiothreitol (DTT), protease inhibitors, and chlorophyll from the symbiotic zooxanthellae), which required examination and validation. Examination of buffer components were validated for use in this porphyrin assay; while the use of a specific spectrofluorometric filter (excitation 400 ± 15 nm; emission 600 ± 20 nm) minimized chlorophyll interference. The detection limit for this assay is 10 fmol of total porphyrin per μg of total soluble protein and linearity is maintained up to 5000 fmol. The ability to measure total porphyrins in a SDS protein extract now allows a single extract to be used in multiple assays. This is an advantage over classical methods, particularly when tissue samples are limiting, as is often the case with coral due to availability and collection permit restrictions.
    Description: NOAA Technical Memorandum CRCP 17
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 38
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  • 4
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    NOAA/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science | Charleston, SC
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14759 | 403 | 2014-02-26 21:18:00 | 14759 | United States National Ocean Service
    Publication Date: 2021-07-03
    Description: The mucus surface layer of corals plays a number of integral roles in their overall health and fitness. This mucopolysaccharide coating serves as vehicle to capture food, a protective barrier against physical invasions and trauma, and serves as a medium to host a community of microorganisms distinct from the surrounding seawater. In healthy corals the associated microbial communities are known to provide antibiotics that contribute to the coral’s innate immunity and function metabolic activities such as biogeochemical cycling.Culture-dependent (Ducklow and Mitchell, 1979; Ritchie, 2006) and culture-independent methods (Rohwer, et al., 2001; Rohwer et al., 2002; Sekar et al., 2006; Hansson et al., 2009; Kellogg et al., 2009) have shown that coral mucus-associated microbial communities can change with changes in the environment and health condition of the coral. These changes may suggest that changes in the microbial associates not only reflect health status but also may assist corals in acclimating to changing environmental conditions. With the increasing availability of molecular biology tools, culture-independent methods are being used more frequently for evaluating the health of the animal host. Although culture-independent methods are able to provide more in-depth insights into the constituents of the coral surface mucus layer’s microbial community, their reliability and reproducibility rely on the initial sample collection maintaining sample integrity. In general, a sample of mucus is collected from a coral colony, either by sterile syringe or swab method (Woodley, et al., 2008), and immediately placed in a cryovial. In the case of a syringe sample, the mucus is decanted into the cryovial and the sealed tube is immediately flash-frozen in a liquid nitrogen vapor shipper (a.k.a., dry shipper). Swabs with mucus are placed in a cryovial, and the end of the swab is broken off before sealing and placing the vial in the dry shipper. The samples are then sent to a laboratory for analysis. After the initial collection and preservation of the sample, the duration of the sample voyage to a recipient laboratory is often another critical part of the sampling process, as unanticipated delays may exceed the length of time a dry shipper can remain cold, or mishandling of the shipper can cause it to exhaust prematurely. In remote areas, service by international shipping companies may be non-existent, which requires the use of an alternative preservation medium. Other methods for preserving environmental samples for microbial DNA analysis include drying on various matrices (DNA cards, swabs), or placing samples in liquid preservatives (e.g., chloroform/phenol/isoamyl alcohol, TRIzol reagent, ethanol). These methodologies eliminate the need for cold storage, however, they add expense and permitting requirements for hazardous liquid components, and the retrieval of intact microbial DNA often can be inconsistent (Dawson, et al., 1998; Rissanen et al., 2010).A method to preserve coral mucus samples without cold storage or use of hazardous solvents, while maintaining microbial DNA integrity, would be an invaluable tool for coral biologists, especially those in remote areas. Saline-saturated dimethylsulfoxide-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (20% DMSO-0.25M EDTA, pH 8.0), or SSDE, is a solution that has been reported to be a means of storing tissue of marine invertebrates at ambient temperatures without significant loss of nucleic acid integrity (Dawson et al., 1998, Concepcion et al., 2007). While this methodology would be a facile and inexpensive way to transport coral tissue samples, it is unclear whether the coral microbiota DNA would be adversely affected by this storage medium either by degradation of the DNA, or a bias in the DNA recovered during the extraction process created by variations in extraction efficiencies among the various community members. Tests to determine the efficacy of SSDE as an ambient temperature storage medium for coral mucus samples are presented here.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 14
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  • 5
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    NOAA/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science | Silver Spring, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14868 | 403 | 2014-03-06 18:57:33 | 14868 | United States National Ocean Service
    Publication Date: 2021-06-27
    Description: This report presents an initial characterization of chemical contamination in coral tissues (Porites astreoides) from southwest Puerto Rico. It is the second technical report from a project to characterize chemical contaminants and assess linkages between contamination and coral condition. The first report quantified chemical contaminants in sediments from southwest Puerto Rico. This document summarizes the analysis of nearly 150 chemical contaminants in coral tissues. Although only eight coral samples were collected, some observations can be made on the correlations between observed tissue and sediment contaminant concentrations. The concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), typically associated with petroleum spills and the combustion of fossil fuels, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the coral tissues were comparable to concentrations found in adjacent sediments. However, the concentration of a chemical contaminant (e.g., PAHs) in the coral tissues at a particular site was not a good predictor of what was in the adjacent sediments. In addition, the types of PAHs found in the coral tissues were somewhat different (higher ratios of alkylated PAHs) than in sediments. The levels of PCBs and DDT in coral tissues appeared higher just outside of Guanica Bay, and there was evidence of a downstream concentration gradient for these two contaminant classes. The trace elements copper, zinc and nickel were frequently detected in coral tissues, and the concentration in the corals was usually comparable to that found in adjacent sediments. Chromium was an exception in that it was not detected in any of the coral tissues analyzed. Additional work is needed to assess how spatial patterns in chemical contamination affect coral condition, abundance and distribution.
    Description: National Status and Trends Program for Marine Environmental Quality
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Management ; Pollution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 32
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  • 6
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    NOAA/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science | Charleston, SC
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14864 | 403 | 2014-03-06 18:36:18 | 14864 | United States National Ocean Service
    Publication Date: 2021-06-27
    Description: Models that help predict fecal coliform bacteria (FCB) levels in environmental waters can be important tools for resource managers. In this study, we used animal activity along with antibiotic resistance analysis (ARA), land cover, and other variables to build models that predict bacteria levels in coastal ponds that discharge into an estuary. Photographic wildlife monitoring was used to estimate terrestrial and aquatic wildlife activity prior to sampling. Increased duck activity was an important predictor of increased FCB in coastal ponds. Terrestrial animals like deer and raccoon, although abundant, were not significant in our model. Various land cover types, rainfall, tide, solar irradiation, air temperature, and season parameters, in combination with duck activity, were significant predictors of increased FCB. It appears that tidal ponds allow for settling of bacteria under most conditions. We propose that these models can be used to test different development styles and wildlife management techniques to reduce bacterial loading into downstream shellfish harvesting and contact recreation areas.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Ecology ; Management ; Pollution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 32
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  • 7
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    NOAA/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science | Oxford, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14949 | 403 | 2014-03-14 22:55:57 | 14949 | United States National Ocean Service
    Publication Date: 2021-06-29
    Description: Investigators at the Cooperative Oxford Laboratory (COL) diagnose and study crustaceans, mollusks, finfish, and a variety of other marine and estuarine invertebrates to assess animal health. This edition updates the Histological Techniques for Marine Bivalve Mollusks manual by Howard and Smith (1983) with additional chapters on molluscan and crustacean techniques. The new edition is intended to serve as a guide for histological processing of shellfish, principally bivalve mollusks and crustaceans. Basically, the techniques included are applicable for histopathological preparation of all marine animals, recognizing however that initial necropsy is unique to each species. Photographs and illustrations are provided for instruction on necropsy of different species to simplify the processing of tissues. Several of the procedures described are adaptations developed by the COL staff. They represent techniques based on principles establishedfor the histopathologic study of mammalian and other vertebrate tissues, but modified for marine and aquatic invertebrates. Although the manual attempts to provide adequate information on techniques, it is also intended to serve as a useful reference source to those interested in the pathology of marine animals. General references and recommended reading listed in the back of the manual will provide histological information on species not addressed in the text.
    Description: This edition updates the Histological Techniques for Marine Bivalve Mollusks manual by Howard and Smith (1983) with additional chapters on molluscan and crustacean techniques.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 218
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  • 8
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    NOAA/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science | Silver Spring, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14947 | 403 | 2014-03-14 23:06:34 | 14947 | United States National Ocean Service
    Publication Date: 2021-06-29
    Description: This chapter describes the procedures for determining the reproductive stage of oysters, mytilid mussels, and dreissenid mussels collected for NOAA’s National Status and Trends Mussel Watch Project. Analyses are conducted on paraffin-embedded tissues sectioned at a 5-μm thickness and stained using a pentachrome staining procedure. Each slide is examined microscopically to determine the animal’s sex and stage of gonadal development. A semi-quantitative ranking is assigned.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Pollution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 64
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  • 9
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19475 | 17408 | 2016-01-25 09:48:26 | 19475 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-06-29
    Description: Fish sauce is a popular fermented product used in south Asian countries which is made from different small fishes in this research work it was attempted to produce fish sauce from kilka of the Caspian sea, the fish sauce was made from three models of kilka ,such as whole kilka , cooked whole kilka and dressed kilka , each of these models treated it four different fashions of fermentation such as:1- Traditional method, 2- Enzymatic method 3- Microbial method, 4- Mixture of enzyme and microb The results of this investigation showed that time of fermentation for the traditional method was six month, enzymatic method one month, microbial method 3 month and the mixture of enzyme and microb 1 month. The rate of fermentation was least for dressed Kilka, microbial and biochemical changes of Kilka fish sauce were evaluated, total bacterial count was 2.1-6.15 log cfu/ml total volatile nitrogen (TVN) in samples recorded was 250 mg /100g, the amount of protein varied between 10-13 percent, the name of commercial enzymes added was Protamex and Flavourzyme, the bacteria added was L act ob acillus and Pediococous, fish sauce containers fish and 20% salt, temperature of keeping for fermentation was 37 degree c for 6 month.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: S. Moini Counsellors: A. keyvan, Gh. Vosoughi
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 176
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  • 10
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26301 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 05:53:49 | 26301 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Philippines ; Pesticides ; Cultured organisms ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Quality assurance ; Biochemical analysis ; Lethal limits
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 84-89
    Format: 6
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  • 11
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26289 | 23782 | 2019-03-13 01:57:17 | 26289 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Education ; Technology transfer ; Chemical pollution ; Training ; Curricula
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 3-4
    Format: 2
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  • 12
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26829 | 23782 | 2019-11-19 01:08:33 | 26829 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The paper provides the methodology in lipid extraction from fish using the Modified Folch's Method. Instructions on sample preparation, and the apparatus and reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures in lipid extraction are provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Lipids
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: C-2.1-C-2.2
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  • 13
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26832 | 23782 | 2019-11-19 00:56:39 | 26832 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The paper provides the methodology in determination of free fatty acids (FFA) in fish.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Fatty acids
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: C-5.3
    Format: 1
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  • 14
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26838 | 23782 | 2019-11-19 00:36:53 | 26838 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The paper provides the methodology in the preparation of methyl esters by boron trifluoride method in fish. Instructions on sample preparation and the apparatus and reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures are also provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Fish oils ; Fats ; Fatty acids ; Esters ; Lipids
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: C-11.1-C-11.2
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  • 15
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26835 | 23782 | 2019-11-19 00:46:29 | 26835 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The paper provides the methodology in the determination of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) number in fish fat. The apparatus and reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures and calculations are also presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Fish oils ; Fats ; Fatty acids
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: C-8.1-C-8.3
    Format: 3
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  • 16
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26837 | 23782 | 2019-11-19 00:39:35 | 26837 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The paper provides the methodology in the determination of the degree of lipid oxidation by gas chromatography. Instructions on sample preparation and the detailed procedures and calculation are provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Lipids ; Fats ; Fatty acids ; Oxidation ; Chromatographic techniques
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: C-10.1
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  • 17
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26840 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:59:29 | 26840 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The paper provides the methodology in lipid determination of monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) content in fish jelly products. Instructions on sample preparation and the reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures calculation are also provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Additives ; Food additives ; Food
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: D-2.1-D-2.3
    Format: 3
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  • 18
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26841 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:56:22 | 26841 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The paper provides the methodology in the determination of sugar (sucrose) in fish product by Somogyi's method. Instructions for sample preparation and the reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures in the determination of the sugar in a sample are provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Saccharides ; Products
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: D-3.1-D-3.4
    Format: 4
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  • 19
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26846 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:46:46 | 26846 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The aerobic plate count provides an estimate of the number of viable microorganisms in the food according to the medium used and the time and temperature incubation. Presented in the paper is the aerobic plate count procedure using the spread plate method. The culture media, apparatus, sample preparation, and the detailed procedures and the calculation of aerobic plate count are also provided in the paper.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Aerobic bacteria ; Microbiological analysis ; Microorganisms
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: E-2.1-E-2.3
    Format: 3
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  • 20
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26845 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:48:51 | 26845 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Proper handling of samples is presented in the paper. Specifically, the procedures in the proper collection, transport, and storage of samples are presented. Moreover, the procedures of monitoring of the condition of samples in a container, and thawing of frozen samples are also provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Methodology ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Fish handling ; Samples ; Sample contamination ; Sample storage
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: E-1.1
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  • 21
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26844 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:51:20 | 26844 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Boric acid and borates were commonly used as preservatives. It acts as an antimicrobial agent; however it is not permitted in the fishery products. The paper provides the methodology in the determination of boric acid and borates in fishery products. Instruction for sample preparation and the reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures in the determination of boric acid and borates in a sample are provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Additives ; Food additives ; Borate minerals
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: D-6.1-D-6.2
    Format: 2
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  • 22
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26849 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:41:06 | 26849 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Staphylococcus aureus is a common organism on the skin and in the nasal passages of approximately 50% of the population. Heat-treated seafood may become contaminated with this organism by poor handling, then storage at improper temperatures allows the organism to multiply and produce its toxin. This type of food poisoning may be avoided by practicing strict personal hygiene, thorough cleaning and disinfection of equipment, and storage of susceptible food at temperatures below 10°C or above 60°C. Presented in the paper is the methodology of determining S. aureus in fish and fishery products.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Aerobic bacteria ; Microbiological analysis ; Microorganisms ; Pathogenic bacteria ; Pathogens ; Health and safety ; Public health ; Microbial contamination ; Staphylococcus aureus
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26848 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:45:03 | 26848 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Coliforms are Gram-negative, non-sporing, facultatively anaerobic rods which ferment lactose, producing acid and gas within 48 hrs and they belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae. Presented in the paper is the methodology of examining the presence of coliforms and E. coli for fish and fishery products.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Aerobic bacteria ; Microbiological analysis ; Microorganisms ; Microbial contamination ; Microbiology ; Pathogens ; Escherichia coli
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26850 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:39:11 | 26850 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Streptococci are gram-positive cocci, sometimes coccobacilli, arranged in chains. This group of streptococci resides in the intestine of warm-blooded animals. They are bile resistant and capable of growth at 45°C. Fecal streptococci form part of the microflora of many foods without necessarily indicating poor hygiene. They are found in many fermented foods, such as cheese and raw sausage, and often take part in the fermentation process. However, in meat products which have received a severe heat process, the presence of excess numbers of fecal streptococci indicates unhygienic handling and/or faulty storage. Presented in the paper is the methodology of determining the presence of fecal streptococci in fish and fishery products.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Aerobic bacteria ; Microbiological analysis ; Microorganisms ; Pathogenic bacteria ; Pathogens ; Health and safety ; Public health ; Microbial contamination
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26847 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:43:06 | 26847 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Salmonella is a gram-negative bacterium of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Salmonella lives in animal and human intestines and is shed through feces, which usually infects humans through contaminated water or food. The paper presents the methodology of determining the presence of Salmonella and Shigella in fish and fishery products.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Aerobic bacteria ; Microbiological analysis ; Microorganisms ; Pathogenic bacteria ; Pathogens ; Health and safety ; Public health ; Microbial contamination ; Salmonella
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26865 | 23782 | 2019-11-05 03:25:17 | 26865 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: A review is made of studies conducted on cryoprotectants for use in the frozen storage of processed fishery products, such as surimi. Some 150 compounds were screened for cryoprotective effects on fish actomyosin; the findings of experiments investigating the behaviour of carp actomyosin, and fish myosin, actin and other constituent proteins during frozen storage are described. The mechanism of freeze denaturation and of the effects of cryoprotectants is outlined and the application of cryoprotectants in the development of new fish gel products considered.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Food technology ; Product development ; Freezing storage
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    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 64-67
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19311 | 17408 | 2016-02-08 10:25:26 | 19311 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: The first aim of this research was to identify fatty acids, amino acids composition of Thunnustonggol roe and their changes during cold storage (-18'C). The second aim was to determinethe changes of moisture, protein, fat and ash contents of the roe during one year cold storage(-18'C). 60 samples of longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) ovaries were randomly collected formBandar-e-Abbas landings. The samples were frozen at-30'C and kept in cold store at -18'Cfor one year. According to a time table, the samples were examined for identification offatty acids, amino acids, moisture, protein, fat, ash, peroxide and T.V.N. and their changeswere evaluated during this time. The results showed that 26 fatty acids were identified. Theunsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) were 62.33 and 37.6%,respectively, in fresh roe. So that, DHA (C22:6) and oleic acid (C18:1) had high amounts(24.79 and 21.88%) among the UFA and palmitic acid (C16:0) was the most content(22.75%) among the SFA. The PUFA/SFA was 0.91. Also, 17 amino acids were identifiedthat essential amino acids (EAA) and nonessential amino acids (NE) were 10478 and 7562mg/100g, respectively, and E/NE was 1.38. Among the EAA and NE, lysine (2110mg/100g)and aspartic acid (1924 mg/100g) were the most contents. Also, results showed that moisture,ash, protein and fat contents were 72.74, 1.8, 19.88 and 4.53%, respectively, in fresh roe. Theeffects of freezing and cold storage on the roes showed that UFA and SFA contents havereached to 49.83 and 48.07%, respectively, at the end of cold storage. It indicated that thesecompounds change to each other during frozen storage. Also, n-3 and n-6 series of fattyacids were 32.75 and 1.61% in fresh roe. But their contents decreased to 22.96 and 1.25% atthe end of period. Among the fatty acids, 22:6 and C16:0 had the most changes. The changesof fatty acids were significantly at 95% level except for C15:1, C18:3(n-3) and C20:4(n-6).All of the amino acids decreased in frozen storage and their changes were significantly(P〈0.05). EAA was 7818 mg/100g and E/NE was 1.27 at the end of storage period. Amongthe amino acids, leucine and lysine had the most changes. Moisture, ash, protein and fatcontents were 70.13, 1.82, 19.4 and 6.51%, respectively, at the end of storage period. Theperoxide value and T.V.N. increased during storage. So that, their contents have reached to5.86 mg/kg and 26.37 mg/100 g, respectively, at the end of frozen storage. The best shelf lifeof Thunnus tonggol roe was 6 or 7 months, because of lipid oxidation and increasing ofperoxide.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: S. Moeini Counsellors: A. Keyvan, M. Yousefian
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 213
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26302 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 05:50:18 | 26302 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Singapore ; Pesticides ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Dried products ; Biochemical analysis ; Lethal limits
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 90-99
    Format: 10
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26801 | 23782 | 2019-10-22 05:10:19 | 26801 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in the determination of ash in meat. Specifically, the procedures in the sample preparation, instrument and apparatus required, and the analytical procedures and calculation for each method are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Ashes ; Ash content ; Heating ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Microbiological analysis ; Standards ; Specifications
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26799 | 23782 | 2019-11-12 05:20:14 | 26799 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The manual provides useful guides for laboratory workers and technical personnel. The procedures for determining the physical and chemical properties of fish meat, the analysis of oils and some additives and microbiological procedures are also included.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Microbiological analysis ; Fishery products ; Processed fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food additives ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26839 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 08:02:24 | 26839 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Polyphosphates are commonly used in the production of fish jelly products. The paper provides the methodology in the detection of polyphosphates in fish products. Instructions on the preparation of sample solution and the apparatus and reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures in the chromatographic separation of polyphosphates are also provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Additives ; Food additives ; Phosphates
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
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    Format: application/pdf
    Format: D-1.1-D-1.3
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19301 | 17408 | 2016-02-01 21:14:27 | 19301 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: Fish protein concentrate (FPC) is a healthy, sustainable and high nutritiveproduct which sanitized produced from fishes in which, protein and othernutrients are more concentrated than in fresh fishes.The aim of this research is to study on the sustainability of FPC producedfrom Kilka (Clupeonella engrauliformis , C. grimmi and C. cultriventris)in two Vaccum Packaging and Modified Atmosphere Packaging atdifferent environmental factors during six months.In our study the analysis of FPC protein showed 91.2%, lipid: 0.5%, ash:3.6%, moisture: 2.3%, Total Volatile Nitrogen: 10 ml/100gr andperoxide: 5meq/kg. Amino acids and fatty acids were also determined.Bacteria and Fungi were lower than 1000 colony. Samples are kept indifferent condition of temperature (5, 20 and 35 degree centigrade),humidity (25, 40 and 90 percent) and light and dark environment in sixmonth.Lipid rate in FPC after 6 months in VP and MAP (60% C02, 30 % N2 and10% O2), packages was decreased but was not significant (P〉0.05). It wasalso detected that increase temperature lead to more decrease in lipidcontent. Protein rate of FPC was decreased from 91.2% to 73.6% duringsix months at 35°C in VP Package and from 91.2% to 69.4% in MAPpackage. These changes were significant (P〈0.05). TVN and PV rate inFPC after 6 months in VP and MAP packages was increased but wassignificant (P〈0.05). Amino acids and fatty acids were also determined.But more changes in MAP packages was detected.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Abbas Ali Motalebi Counsellors: Wadud Rzvylar, Aliasghar Khanipoor. The full text document is in Farsi only so it has not been possible for AC Editors to check the metadata input.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 193
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19474 | 17408 | 2016-01-25 09:45:47 | 19474 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-06-29
    Description: At the fishing season, in 2000, samples of species persian sturgeon (A. persicus), Severjuga (A. stellatus) and Mullet (L. aurata), were caught from the southern coasts of Caspian Sea and were freezes and preserved in the cold storage for one year They have also become biometery. The tissue's fillet were identified in order to determined the Fatty Acids. This was done during one year, frequently, fresh, two weeks after freezing and then monthly, respectively. So, after the extraction of lipids from the tissues and methylation, was injected to the gas-liquid Chromatography. After calibration, identified Fatty Acids were compared with standards according to their Retention Times. Peroxid value, lipid content and humidity were controlled. The unsaturated Fatty acids had The most amount, and a plenty of Polyunsaturated Fatty acids (PUFA) were observed, so that linoleic (C18:2), a-linolenic (C18:3), Arashidonic (C20:4), EPA (C20:5) and DHA (C22:6) Fatty acids had high amounts. The w-3, PUFA were more in comparison with w-6. The effects of freezing and cold storing on the fish fatty acids , were evaluated by the statistical tests , like SPSS, Tukey, Homogenous and Anova, and showed that in some species, a group of Fatty acids, specially PUFA, had some variation. The peroxide value that indicates the lipid deterioration, increased during toring. So, the best term if preserving in the cold storage, were determined and their Nutrition value and Medical applications due to their consumption were investigated.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Sohrab Moeini Counsellors: Amin Keyvan, Mehdi Yousefian
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 163
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26297 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 06:01:19 | 26297 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Cambodia ; Pesticides ; Cultured organisms ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Biochemical analysis ; Lethal limits
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 67-70
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26313 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 06:17:20 | 26313 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Indonesia ; Drugs ; Biological sampling ; Biochemical analysis ; Cultured organisms ; Lethal limits ; Quality control ; Penaeus monodon ; Penaeus vannamei
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 149-155
    Format: 7
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26304 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 03:53:19 | 26304 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Viet Nam ; Pesticides ; Cultured organisms ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Lethal limits
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 106-109
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26314 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 06:26:14 | 26314 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Malaysia ; Drugs ; Biological sampling ; Biochemical analysis ; Quality control ; Lethal limits ; Penaeus monodon
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 156-159
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26803 | 23782 | 2019-11-12 05:32:47 | 26803 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in the measurement of free and expressible drips. Specifically, the required apparatus, and the analytical procedures and calculations for free and expressible drips are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Microbiological analysis ; Fishery products ; Processed fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26804 | 23782 | 2019-11-12 05:37:03 | 26804 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure fish protein extractability and its determination. Specifically, the procedures in sampling and sample preparation, apparatus and reagents required, the protein extractability procedures and calculations for each method are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Proteins ; Fish
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: A-5.1-A-5.3
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26805 | 23782 | 2019-11-12 05:40:26 | 26805 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure to a rapid method to assess the gel-forming ability of the fish meat, fish mince, leached meat, and surimi, etc. Specifically, the procedures in the sampling and sample preparation, the apparatus and reagents required, and the analytical procedures and calculations are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Processed fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Viscosity ; Minced products
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26806 | 23782 | 2019-11-12 05:55:49 | 26806 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure for the quality assessment of fish jelly products and the raw materials for the production thereof. Specifically, the materials and instruments or apparatus required, the sample and test piece preparation, and measurement, measurement, and assessment for each method are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Processed fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Gels
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: A-7.1-A-7.4
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26807 | 23782 | 2019-10-22 03:31:39 | 26807 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in protein determination using Kjeldhl method in fish meat. Specifically, the apparatus and the reagents needed and the analytical procedures and calculation are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: B-1.1-B-1.2
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26821 | 23782 | 2019-11-21 01:08:37 | 26821 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in protein determination using Biuret method (modified by Umemoto) in fish meat. Specifically, the apparatus and the reagents needed and the analytical procedures and calculations are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: B-2.1-B-2.3
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26822 | 23782 | 2019-11-21 01:02:52 | 26822 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in the determination of DMA-N by Dyer's colometric method using copper dithiocarbamate in fish meat. Specifically, the reagents needed and the analytical procedures in the determination of DMA are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: B-4.1-B-4.4
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26823 | 23782 | 2019-11-21 01:05:56 | 26823 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Presented in the paper is the determination of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO-N), trimethylamine (TMA-N), and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) by Conway's method in fish meat. Specifically, the apparatus and the reagents needed and the analytical procedures and calculations for each method are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: B-3.1-B-3.8
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26824 | 23782 | 2019-11-21 01:00:15 | 26824 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in the determination of formaldehyde in fish meat using Nash's reagent. Specifically, the reagents and the apparatus and instruments needed in the analysis are presented. Furthermore, analytical procedures and calculations are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26836 | 23782 | 2019-11-19 00:43:28 | 26836 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The paper provides the methodology of the determination of methyl esters of fatty acids by gas chromatographic method. Methyl esters of fatty acids from fish and animal fats having 8-24 carbon atoms are separated and determined by gas chromatography. The apparatus, reagents and operating conditions are presented. Detailed procedures of the analysis of the sample are also provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Fish oils ; Fatty acids ; Fats
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: C-9.1-C-9.3
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26827 | 23782 | 2019-11-19 01:11:10 | 26827 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: The paper discusses the significance of lipid analysis in fish. Fish lipids exist as phospholipids and triglycerides which deteriorate during storage due to hydrolysis and oxidation.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Lipids ; Organic compounds ; Fats ; Hydrolysis ; Chemical reactions ; Chemical degradation ; Oxidation
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: C-1.1
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    NOAA/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science | Silver Spring, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/2232 | 403 | 2014-02-21 01:55:57 | 2232 | United States National Ocean Service
    Publication Date: 2021-07-12
    Description: Executive Summary:Information found in this report covers the years 1986 through 2005. Mussel Watch began monitoring a suite of trace metals and organic contaminants such as DDT, PCBs and PAHs. Through time additional chemicals were added, and today approximately 140 analytes are monitored. The Mussel Watch Program is the longest running estuarine and coastal pollutant monitoring effort conducted in the United States that is national in scope each year. Hundreds of scientific journal articles and technical reports based on Mussel Watch data have been written; however, this report is the first that presents local, regional and national findingsacross all years in a Quick Reference format, suitable for use by policy makers, scientists, resource managers and the general public.Pollution often starts at the local scale where high concentrations point to a specific source of contamination, yet some contaminants such as PCBs are atmospherically transported across regional and national scales, resulting in contamination far from their origin. Findings presented here showed few national trends for trace metals and decreasing trends for most organic contaminants; however, a wide variety of trends, both increasing and decreasing, emerge at regional and local levels. For most organic contaminants, trends have resulted from state andfederal regulation. The highest concentrations for both metal and organic contaminants are found near urban and industrial areas.In addition to monitoring throughout the nation’s coastal shores and Great Lakes, Mussel Watch samples are stored in a specimen bank so that trends can be determined retrospectively for new and emerging contaminants ofconcern. For example, there is heightened awareness of a group of flame retardants that are finding their way into the marine environment. These compounds, known as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), are now being studied using historic samples from the specimen bank and current samples to determine their spatial distribution. We will continue to use this kind of investigation to assess new contaminant threats.We hope you find this document to be valuable, and thatyou continue to look towards the Mussel Watch Programfor information on the condition of your coastal waters. (PDF contains 118 pages)
    Description: Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment
    Keywords: Ecology ; Pollution ; Environment ; Chemistry
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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    NOAA/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science | Silver Spring, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/2156 | 403 | 2014-02-21 20:21:25 | 2156 | United States National Ocean Service
    Publication Date: 2021-07-12
    Description: This report summarizes the results of a characterizationof chemical contaminants in the sediments in southwestPuerto Rico. The report is part of a project to integratevarious analytical specialties to assess linkages betweenchemical contaminants and the condition of coral reefs. In this phase of the project, over 120 chemical contaminants were analyzed in sediments collected, including a number of organic (e.g., hydrocarbons), inorganic (e.g., metals), and biological (bacterial) compounds/analytes. The report also provides a preliminary analysis of the association betweensediment contaminants and coral species richness.Overall, the levels of chemical contaminants in the study area between Guanica Bay and the town of La Parguera were fairly low. At most of the sites sampled, particularlyadjacent to the town of La Parguera, concentrations oforganic and inorganic contaminants were below the median values from NOAA’s National Status and Trends Program, which monitors the Nation’s coastal and estuarine waters for chemical contaminants. Elevated levels of a number of contaminant classes were seen at the two sites sampled within Guanica Bay.An initial analysis of modeled PAH (hydrocarbon) data and coral species richness (reef building species) indicated a strong negative correlation between the presence of PAHs in the sediments and coral species richness. Additional work is needed to assess possible reasons for this observed pattern. (PDF contains 126 pages).
    Description: Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment
    Keywords: Ecology ; Management ; Environment ; Chemistry
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26800 | 23782 | 2019-11-12 05:12:12 | 26800 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-09-24
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in the determination of moisture in meat. Specifically, the procedures in the sample preparation, instruments required, and the analytical procedures and calculations for each method.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Microbiological analysis ; Fishery products ; Processed fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food additives ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Water content
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: A-1.1-A-1.3
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26828 | 23782 | 2019-11-19 01:05:17 | 26828 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-09-24
    Description: The paper provides the methodology in the determination of total lipid content of fresh fish without the destruction of the lipid extract. Information on the apparatus needed is presented. Detailed procedures and calculations in the determination of lipid content are provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Lipids
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: C-3.1
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26831 | 23782 | 2019-11-19 01:00:44 | 26831 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-09-24
    Description: Acid value is a measure of the extent to which the glyceride in the oil has been hydrolysed by lipase action. The paper provides the methodology in the determination of acid value. The apparatus and reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures in determination of acid value are provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Lipids
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26834 | 23782 | 2019-11-19 00:50:15 | 26834 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-09-24
    Description: Peroxide value is the reactive oxygen contents expressed in terms of milliequivalents (meq) of free iodine per kilogram of fat. It is determined by titrating iodine liberated from potassium iodide with sodium thiosulphate solution. The paper provides the methodology in the determination of peroxide value. The apparatus and reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures and calculations are also provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Fish oils ; Oxidation
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: C-7.1-C-7.3
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26830 | 23782 | 2019-11-19 01:03:17 | 26830 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-09-24
    Description: The paper provides the methodology in the determination of phospholipid content of fish. The apparatus and reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures in determination of phospolipid content are provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Lipids
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: C-4.1-C-4.2
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26833 | 23782 | 2019-11-19 00:53:06 | 26833 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2021-09-24
    Description: Saponification value is the hydrolysis of esters. The paper provides the methodology in determination of saponification value of oil. Instructions on sample preparation and the apparatus and reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures and calculations are provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Fish oils ; Lipids ; Fats
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: C-6.1-C-6.2
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19139 | 17408 | 2016-02-06 09:39:39 | 19139 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Biodegradable protein-based film was developed by incorporating cinnamon essential oil(CEO) into whey protein concentrate (WPC) at level of 0.8% and 1.5% v/v. Then physicaland mechanical properties of the films were evaluated. Adding CEO to the WPC matrixdecreased the water vapour permeability of the films and water solubility. Films containingCEO showed significant antibacterial activity both gram-positive and gram-negative strainsand exhibited significant inhibitory effect on the studied fungi. In continue, the effect ofwhey coating and whey coating incorporated with 1.5% CEO on quality and shelf life ofHuso huso fillet during refregrated (4±1°C) storage period were also investigated. The controland treated fish samples were analyzed for microbiological (total viable count, psychrophiliccounts), chemical (PV, TBA, FFA, pH, TVB-N), and sensory characteristics in 4-dayintervals up of microbial, chmical and sensoy analyses indicated lower levels of PV, TBA,FFA, pH, TVB-N in coasted sampels and specially, those with CEO while were kept inrefrigerator. Based on results, whey protein edible coating contain 1.5% cinnamon essentialoil could enhance preserving ability Huso huso during storage cold.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: M. Rezaei Counsellors: M. Soltioni, A. kamali
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19143 | 17408 | 2016-02-06 09:45:48 | 19143 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: The ever-increasing population of the world and the growing need for animal protein has doubled the modern man’s demand for food. Additionally, the improvement in the general public health, and the worsening of environmental/ecological pollution have prompted today’s world to look for ways to procure healthy food. And one such attempt is the use of natural preservatives to decrease the bacterial load in foodstuffs, in other words, to increase their durability.This study evaluates the effects of different concentrations of Zataria multiflora Bioss (EO 0, 0.005, 0.015, 0.045, 0.135, 0.405%) and Nisin (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 μg/ml) and storage time (9 days) on the growth of Lactococcus garvieae Ir-170A(856bp) alone, and their combination in a food model system (fillets of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Additionally, the growth of a sample of this bacteria in laboratory conditions was studied.The results of this study showed that different concentrations of Nisin had a significant impact (p〈0.05) on Lactococcus garvieae.With the value of t in 0.75 μg/ml, the effectiveness rose to 65.77%; the biggest effect on Lactococcus garvieae. And the effect at 4 0C exceeded 80C.The study has also demonstrated that all concentrations of Zataria multiflora Bioss were effective against Lactococcus garvieae. However, with the value of t at 0.405%, the effectiveness was 71.91%. This value had the biggest effect on Lactococcus garvieae. At 4 0C, the effect surpassed the one at 80C.The synergistic effects of the EO and Nisin showed that with the value of t at 0.405% EO and 0.75 μg/ml Nisin was 14.62% had the greatest effect on Lactococcus garvieae.In this study, multi-factorial effects for different concentrations of Zataria multiflora Bioss (EO 0, 0.005, 0.015, 0.0025%), three different concentrations of122Nisin (0, 0.25,0.75 μg/ml) and two different levels of PH (5.5 , 7) at two incubation temperatures (15,37) on logp% of Lactococcus garvieae during 43 days in BHI broth were evaluated. Most of the effects on Lactococcus garvieae occurred in PH 5.5 and at a temperature of 150C.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Mehdi Soltani, A. Akhondzadeh Basti. counsellor: A. Kamali
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19304 | 17408 | 2016-02-08 10:30:38 | 19304 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: The main aim of this research was to identify fatty acids composition of Caspian sea of White fish Rutilus frisi kutum tissue and their changes during one year cold storage (-18Ċ).The secondary aim was to determine the changes of moisture, ash, protein, fat, and to investigate the effects of storage time on peroxide, TBAi, FFA, and extractability of myofibrillar proteins of the fish tissue during one year cold storage (-18 Ċ). 10 samples of (Rutilus frisi kutum) were randomly collected from Anzali landings. The samples were frozen at -30 Ċ and kept in cold storage at -18Ċ for one year. According to time table, the samples were examined. The results showed that 27 fatty acids were identified. The unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) were 74/09 and 21/63 %, respectively, in fresh tissue. So that DHA (C22:6) oleic acid (C18:1c) had high amounts (15/07 ,20/57 ) among the UFA and palmitic acid (C16:0) was the most (13/09 %) among the SFA. The effects of freezing and cold storage on fish tissue showed that UFA and SFA contents have reached to 58/79 and 22/17 %, respectively, at the end of cold storage. It indicated that these compound change to each other during frozen storage. Also ω-3 and ω-6 series of fatty acids was 24/22 and 15/56% in fresh tissue, but their contents decreased to 8/68 and 5/11% at the end of period. Among the fatty acids C22:6, C18:1c and C16:0 had the most changes. The changes of fatty acids were significantly at 95% level expected for C18:0. Results showed that moisture, ash, protein, and fat contents were 75/9±0/03, 1/28±0/012, 21/8±0/2, and 4/1±0/01 % respectively, in fresh tissue. The moisture, ash, protein, and fat contents were 72/3±0/04, 1/83±0/05, 1/91±0/01 and 19/9±0/01 % respectively, at the end of storage period. Lipid damage was measured on the basis of free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value (PV), and Thiobarbituric acid index (TBA-i). PV, TBARS and FFA concentration of frozen Caspian Sea white fish stored at -18 Ċ the temporal variation of these three variables were statistically significant (p〈0.001). Results of White fish myofibrillar proteins showed aggregation of bound reduced for stored at 12 months. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that, the intensity of the myosin heavy chain and actin bound was reduced with increasing storage time. SDS-PAGE patterns showed that myosin heavy chain was much more susceptible to hydrolysis than actin.Key words: Rutilus frisi kutum, frozen storage, ω-3, ω-6, protein myofibrillar
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Sohrab Moeini, Nasser Ghaemi Counsellors: A.K. Haghdost
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
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    Format: application/pdf
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19186 | 17408 | 2016-02-06 09:46:24 | 19186 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: In this study microbiological , chemical quality and fatty acid composition ofgrass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fillets treated by dipping in sodiumacetate (%1 and %3), nisin (% 0.1 and % 0.2) and combination of sodiumacetate and nisin was evaluated during 16 days of refrigerated of 4°CAntilisterial effect of nisin was enhanced with the increased concentration ofsodium acetate. At day 12 post storage, Listeria monocytogenese count washigher in the control group than the recommended value, however in sodiumacetate and nisin treated samples, the count was lower (5.17-5.91 log cfu/g).With increasing the concentrations of sodium acetate, mesophilic counts werelower. Regarding nisin, better results was obtained by applying %0.1 nisin.Greater inhibition of mesophile bacteria was observed when combinationtreatment was used. The number of lactobacillus was lower when higherconcentrations of sodium acetate and nisin were used.Total Volatile Nitrogen values at the end of the experiment were lower in thesamples treated with both nisin and sodium acetate and the better results wereobtained in combination treatments. Peroxide (PV) at the end of the experimentwas 1.9 meq/kg in control, and the lowest values were observed for thetreatments 3(%0 sodium acetate +% 0.2 nisin) and 9(%3 sodium acetate +% 0.2nisin) between 1.08 and 1.62 meq/kg without significant difference.Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) levels at the end of experiment have been shown tobe 0.46 mg malonaldehyde per kg in the control. On the other hand treatments 9had the TBA values of 0.19 mg malonaldehyde per kg which was significantlylower than that of control.Polyunsaturated fatty acids increased by increasing the sodium acetate dosesand instead saturated fatty acids and n-6/n-3 ratio decreased. The ratio ofUFA/SFA and also C22:6/C16:0 increased when a higher concentration ofsodium acetate has been used. The best result obtained by using 3% of sodiumacetate but no such relation with nisin was observed.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Mehdi Soltani, Abolghasem Kamali Counsellors: Mohammad Reza Ghomi, Seyed Ebrahim Hoseini
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19182 | 17408 | 2016-02-06 09:57:11 | 19182 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Effects of different thawing method i.e. in a refrigerator, in water, at air ambient temperature and in a microwave oven on proximate, chemical (PV, TBA, FFA, TVB-N, SSP, FA), biochemical (pH, WHC,ThL), microbial (total viable, psychrotrophic, coliform, Shewanella and yeast-mould count) and sensory analysis were carried out on frozen whole Caspian sea Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) and Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) carcasses. The values of ash, protein, SSP, WHC, PUFA, PUFA/SFA. EPA+DHA/C16:0, pH, and microbial count of thawed samples decreased significantly while fat, PV, TBA, FFA, TVB-N, SFA and MUFA increased compared to the fresh fish (unfrozen) as control samples. Also, sensory evaluation all of thawed samples showed a significant (p〈0.05) quality loss compared to the fresh fish as control samples. The lowest chemical and biochemical values as well as microbial growth were determined in water thawed samples. Therefore, based on this study thawing in water is most suitable for frozen whole rainbow trout.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Masoud Rezaei, Mehdi Soltani Counsellors: Mohammad Haghighi, Reza Pourgholam
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Chemistry
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19245 | 17408 | 2016-02-08 10:18:48 | 19245 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: There is an increasing demand in developing newer and safer methods in preserving food products.Among which herbal additives seem to attract evermore attention recently.the major advantage of herbal additives is due to their favorable aroma besides their antimicrobial effects and less expensive than chemical additives. Zataria multiflora Boiss is a native Iranian herb which is used vastly as a food preserver essential oils and also medical usage.Metabolites of harmless bacteria, such as Nisin are also known to be safe preservatives that have antimicrobial activity.However to establish the usefulness of natural antimicrobial preservatives, they must be evaluated alone and in combination with other preservation factors to determine whether there are synergistic effects in rigid media .In this study were evaluated the effects of different concentrations of Zataria multiflora (EO 0, 0.005, 0.015, 0.045, 0.135, 0.405 ,0.810 %) and Nisin(0, 0.15, 0.25, 0.75 μg/ml) and Storage time (up to 21 days) on growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 in a food model system(light salted fish of silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix).The results on growth of S. aureus were evaluated using SPSS 15.0 statistical software (SPSS 15.0 for windows, SPSS Inc.) and analyzed the logarithm of total count of the bacteria by Tukey Test. Results were considered statistically significant when P≤0.05.The growth of Staphylococcus aureus was affected significantly(P〈0.05) by EO and Nisin and also combinations of EO and Nisin.Samples treated with 0.135, 0.405 and 0.810% of thyme essential oil showed a significant decrease on the growth of the bacteria compared with an treated samples(P〈0.05). No significant difference was seen on the growth of S.aureus in samples treated with lower concentrations of Z.multiflora(below 0.045%) and untreated group(P〉0.05).The most inhibitory effects were seen in samples treated with 0.405% and 0.810% of thyme essential oil until 9 and 12 days after storage,respectively.Also there was significant inhibtory effect(P〈0.05) in different concentration of nisin on the organism compared with an treated samples.The synergism effects of the Eo and nisin on the growth rate of the bacteria was significant (P〈0.05) compared with untreated samples and samples treated with the Eo or nisin, only. Synergismic effects was observed at concentration of 0.405 and 0.810% of Z. multiflora essential oil with 0.25 μg/ml Nisin, respectively until 15 days after storage.As expected it is preferred to apply the least possible amounts of additives in food preserving that not only are effective and safe but are economically justifiable.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Afshin Akhondzadeh Basti, Mehdi Soltani counsellors: Abbas Matinfar
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19144 | 17408 | 2016-02-06 09:40:52 | 19144 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: The present study aimed production of a new product with various texture and sensoryproperties in chase of the impetus for increasing human consumption considering suitableresources of Kilka fish in Caspian Sea. Following deheading, gutting, and brining, commonKilka were battered in two different formulations, i.e. simple batter and tempura batter, viaautomated predusting machinery and then, they were fried through flash frying for 30 secondsat 170°C in sunflower oil after they were breaded with bread crumbs flour. The products weresubjected to continuous freezing at -40°C and were kept at -18°C in cold storage for fourmonths once they were packed. Chemical composition (protein, fat, moisture, and ash), fattyacid profiles (29 fatty acids), chemical indices of spoilage (peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid,free fatty acids, and volatile nitrogen), and microbial properties (total bacteria count andcoliform count) were compared in fresh and breaded Kilka at various times before frying (rawbreaded Kilka), after frying (zero-phase), and in various months of frozen storage (phases 1,2, 3, and 4). Organoleptic properties of breaded Kilka (i.e. odor, taste, texture, crispiness,cohesiveness of batter) and general acceptability in the phases 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 were evaluated.The results obtained from chemical composition and fatty acid profiles in common Kilkadenoted that MUFA, PUFA, and SFA were estimated to be 36.96, 32.85, and 29.12 g / 100glipid, respectively. Levels of ù-3 and ù-6 were 7.6 and 1.12 g / 100 gr lipid, respectively.Docosahexaonoic acid (20.79%) was the highest fatty acid in PUFA group. ù-3/ù-6 andPUFA/SFA ratios were 7.6 and 1.12, respectively. The high rates of the indices and highpercentage of ù-3 fatty acid in common Kilka showed that the fish can be considered asinvaluable nutritional and fishery resources and commonsensical consumption of the speciesmay reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Frying breaded Kilka affected overall fat andmoisture contents so that moisture content in fried breaded Kilka decreased significantlycompared to raw breaded Kilka, while it was absolutely reverse for fat content. Overall fatcontent in tempura batter treatment was significantly lower than that of simple battertreatment (P≤0.05). Presence of hydrocolloids, namely proteins, starch, gum, and otherpolysaccharides, in tempura batter may prohibit moisture evaporation and placement with oilduring frying process in addition to boosting water holding capacity through confining watermolecules. During frying process, fatty acids composition of breaded Kilka with variousbatters changed so that rates of some fatty acids such as Palmitic acid (C16:0), Stearic acid(C18:0), Oleic acid (C18:1 ù-9cis), and linoleic acid (C18:3 ù-3) increased considerablyfollowing frying; however, ù-3/ù-6, PUFA/SFA, and EPA+DHA/C16:0 ratios (Polyan index)decreased significantly after frying. ù-3/ù-6, PUFA/SFA, and EPA+DHA/C16:0 ratios intempura batter treatment were higher than those of simple batter treatment which is anindicator of higher nutritional value of breaded Kilka with tempura batter. Significantelevations were found in peroxide, thiobarbituric acid, and free fatty acids in fried breaded Kilka samples compared to raw samples which points to fat oxidation during cooking process.Overall microorganism count and coliform count decreased following heating process. Bothbreaded Kilka samples were of high sanitation quality at zero-phase according to ICMSFStandard. The results acquired from organoleptic evaluation declared that odor, cohesiveness,and general acceptability indices, among others, had significant differences between thetreatments (P≤0.05). In all evaluated properties, breaded Kilka with tempura batter indifferent phases gained higher scores than breaded Kilka with simple batter. During coldstorage of various treatments of breaded Kilka, total lipid content, PUFA, MUFA, ù-3, ù-3/ù-6, PUFA/SFA, Polyen index decreased significantly. The mentioned reductions inaddition to significant elevation of spoilage indices, namely peroxide, thiobarbituric acid, andfree fatty acids, during frozen storage, indicate to oxidation and enzymatic mechanismactivity during frozen storage of breaded Kilka. Considering sensory evaluation at the end ofthe fourth month and TVB-N contents exceeded eligible rate in the fourth month, shelf life ofthe products during frozen storage was set to be three months at -18°C. The results obtainedfrom statistical tests indicate to better quality of breaded Kilka processed with tempura battercompared to simple batter in terms of organoleptic evaluation, spoilage indices, and highquality of fat in various sampling phases.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Ali Asghar Khanipour, Mehdi Soltani Counsellors: Abbasali Motallebi, Abolghasem Kamali
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19118 | 17408 | 2015-12-14 19:22:20 | 19118 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: The purpose of this study, Evaluation the effect of Rosmarinus officinalis and Thymus vulgaris extracts on the stability of poly unsaturated fatty acids in frozen Silver carp minced. Treatments include:Treatment 1 - Control: frozen meat packaged in conventionalTreatment 2: Frozen Silver carp minced+Thyme 300 mg/kg in normal packagingTreatment 3: Frozen Silver carp minced+Rosemary 200 mg/kg in normal packagingTreatment 4: Frozen Silver carp minced+Rosemary compound (100 mg/kg) and Thyme(100 mg/kg) in normal packagingAfter rapid freezing of samples in the spiral freezer by individual quick freezing method, tomaintain the cold temperature (-18) °C were transferred. Sampling and measurements to determine the fatty acid profile of the zero phase beginning in the first month and then every ten days, and 15 days in the second month of the third month after the monthly test.Identifying, defining and measuring the fatty acid profile by gas chromatography was performed. In this study, levels of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in threeexperimental and one control were identified as follows:A: saturated fatty acids: Meristic C14: 0/Palmitic C16: 0/Hepta decaenoic C17: 0/Stearic C18: 0/Arashidic C20: 0/B:Mono unsaturated fatty acids: palmitoleic C16: 1-W7/Oleic C18: 1-W9/Gadoleic C20:1-W9C:Poly unsaturated fatty acids: Linoleic C18: 2-W6/α-Linolenic C18: 3-W3D:High unsaturated fatty acids: Arachidonic C20: 4-W6 Eicosapentaenoic acid C20: 5-EPA/W3 Docosahexaenoic C22: 6-DHA/W3Results of this study was to determine, Thyme and rosemary extracts containing silver carpminced stored in freezing conditions, Stability of different types of fatty acids, monounsaturatedfatty acids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are. So that none of the fatty acids measured were not significant 100% increase or decrease,While changes in the fatty acid oxidation during storage time is minimized. The resultsobtained from the fatty acid profiles and indicators of their and statistical tests show that treatment with rosemary extract More stable during storage (-18) ° C In comparison with the control and other treatments are shown; And at relatively low compared to othertreatments and control samples oleic acid and linoleic acid, palmitic more.According to studies,in Silver carp minced that containing rosemary extract, end of the storage period of six months. Were usable, so even rosemary extract the shelf-lifeexamples to increase more than six months.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: A. A. Motalebi Moghanjvqy, Seyed Ebrahim Hosseini Counsellors: Ali Asghar Khanipour, Mehdi Soltani
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 214
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    Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Fisheries
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19141 | 17408 | 2016-02-01 21:04:45 | 19141 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Nisin is a widely used naturally occurring antimicrobial effective against many pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. It has been proposed thatreduced efficacy of nisin in foods can be improved by technologies such as encapsulation to protect it from interferences by food matrix components. Theaim of this study was using of spray dried encapsulated nisin with zein in concentration of (0.15 and 0.25 g/kg) and sodium citrate (1.5 and 2.5%) and treatments with both of them to extent the shelf life of filleted trouts packagedby Modified Atmosphere Packaging (45% CO2, 50% N2 ,5% O2) and stored at 4±1 °C for 20 days. Furthermore, to evaluate the antimicrobial efficiency of encapsulated nisin and soudium citrate the trouts fillets was inoculated withStaphylococcus aureus as an index pathogenic bacteria. Assessment of chemical spoilage indexes such as (Proxide value, Thiobarbituric acid, total volatile basenitrogen and pH) , microbial parameters (Total Plate Count, Psychrotrophic count, Lactic acid bacteria count), Staphylococcus aureus cont in treatments which were inoculated with 5 logcfu/g of this bacteria and sensory evaluation of fillets including (smell, color, texture and total acceptability) was carried out indays of 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20. The results revealed that treatment with both exposure of nisin and sodium citrate showed significantly lower chemicalspoilage indexes in comparison with controls (vaccum packed and MAP)(P〈0.05). Furthermore, (nisin 0.25 g/kg sodium citrate 2.5%) treatment whichwas exposed to the maximal level used of both materials was significantly thelowest treatment with (Proxide value, Thiobarbituric acid, total volatile basenitrogen and pH) of 9.95 (meq O2/kg) , 1.55 (mgMA/kg), 29.65 (mgN/100g) and 6.65 , respectively and according to the maximal recommended level of this indices , shelf life of fillets in this treatment was esstimated 20 days.The control(vaccum packed) treatment was significantly the highest treatment with (Proxide value, Thiobarbituric acid, total volatile base nitrogen and pH) of 15.17 (meq O2/kg), 3.03 (mgMA/kg), 38.4 (mgN/100g) and 6.95 , respectively and according to the maximal recommended level of this indices , shelf life of filletsin this treatment was estimated 11 days. Also, in microbial point of view (nisin0.25 g/kg- sodium citrate 2.5%) treatment was the lowest treatment with TotalPlate Count, Psychrotrophic count, Lactic acid bacteria count andStaphylococcus aureus count of 6.7, 6.83, 5.25 and 6.04 logcfu/g respectively,and conrol (vaccum packed) treatment was the highest treatment with 9.15, 9.41, 7.7 and 9.01 logcfu/g respectively. According to the lower results of chemicaland microbial indices and higher sensory evaluated scores assessed in this research for encapsulated nisin in comparison with free nisin , it was concludedthat encapsulation of nisin with zein capsules may improve the efficiency of nisin. The measuremented values of Mass yield, Total solids content of capsules, Encapsulation efficiency, In vitro release kinetics in 200 hour for encapsulated nisin in this study was 49.89, 62, 98.31 and 69% respectively and Encapsulated particle size was lower than 674.21 μm for 90% of particles. As a consequence, nisin , in particular encapsulated nisin, and sodium citrate alone or together with and Modified Atmosphere packaging might be considered as effective tools in preventing the quality degradation of the fillets, resulting in an extension of their shelf life.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Advisors: Seyed Ebrahim Hosseini, Aboulghassem Kamali Counsellorrs: Abbasali Motallebi, Resa Pourgholam
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: thesis
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 185
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26299 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 06:00:01 | 26299 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Malaysia ; Pesticides ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Biochemical analysis ; Lethal limits
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 71-74
    Format: 4
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26300 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 05:58:36 | 26300 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Myanmar ; Pesticides ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Lethal limits
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 75-83
    Format: 9
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26303 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 05:51:15 | 26303 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Thailand ; Pesticides ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Dried products ; Lethal limits
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 100-105
    Format: 6
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26826 | 23782 | 2019-11-21 00:56:12 | 26826 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in the determination of K value which is an index to measure the enzymatic freshness of fish and squid. Specifically, reagents, apparatus and the analytical procedures needed and the calculations are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: B-6.1-B-6.7
    Format: 7
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26825 | 23782 | 2019-11-21 00:52:35 | 26825 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in measuring K value in fish meat by means of the freshness testing paper technique.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: B-7.1-B-7.2
    Format: 2
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26802 | 23782 | 2019-11-12 05:28:20 | 26802 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in the measurement of pH in the fresh fish meat. Specifically, the procedures in sampling and sample preparation, apparatus and reagents required, and the analytical procedures are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Microbiological analysis ; Fishery products ; Processed fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food additives ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; pH
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: A-3.1-A-3.2
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26842 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:54:48 | 26842 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Starch is commonly used in the production of fish jelly products as an extender and as binding agent. The paper provides the methodology in the determination of starch in fish jelly products. Instructions for sample preparation and the reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures in the determination of the starch in a sample are provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Starch ; Additives ; Food additives
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: D-4.1-D-4.4
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26852 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:36:44 | 26852 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Cholera is an acute specific infection caused by the organism, Vibrio cholera. Diagnosis may be confirmed by the presence of large numbers of the comma-shaped bacilli on direct microscopic examination of a fecal or vomitus smear, and by the isolation of the organism on culture. Fish and shellfish have been identified as vehicles of cholera. Large numbers of V. cholera must usually be ingested to cause cholera. Thus problems often occur when poor handling and inadequate refrigeration have allowed the organism to multiply. Presented in the paper is the methodology of determining the presence of Vibrio cholera in fish and fishery products.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Aerobic bacteria ; Microbiological analysis ; Microorganisms ; Pathogenic bacteria ; Pathogens ; Health and safety ; Public health ; Microbial contamination ; Vibrio cholerae
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: E-7.1-E-7.5
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26843 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:52:55 | 26843 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Sodium chloride is an important additive for the production of fish jelly products. It extracts the salt soluble protein to give the gel strength of the final product. The paper provides the methodology in the determination of the amount of sodium chloride in fish jelly products. Instructions for sample preparation and the reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures in the determination of the salt in a sample are provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Additives ; Food additives ; Salts ; Sodium chloride
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
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    Format: application/pdf
    Format: D-5.1-D-5.2
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    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26851 | 23782 | 2019-11-14 01:29:31 | 26851 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Food poisoning due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a food-borne infection resulting from the ingestion of a large number of this organism (about 106-109 viable cells). The major symptoms are diarrhea and abdominal pain with headache, fever, and vomiting also occurring. The organisms are excreted during the acute stage of the illness after which they decrease rapidly. The differentiation of V. parahaemolyticus from other pathogenic species of Vibrio is based mainly on salt tolerance, Voges-Proskauer reaction, fermentation of sucrose, and growth at 43°C. Presented in the paper is the methodology of determining the presence of Vibrio cholera in fish and fishery products.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Aerobic bacteria ; Microbiological analysis ; Microorganisms ; Pathogenic bacteria ; Pathogens ; Health and safety ; Public health ; Microbial contamination ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus ; Vibrio cholerae
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: E-8.1-E-8.6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-02-16
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-02-16
    Description: The comment and response concerning the report of oxidation of methane to methanol by water (Reports, 5 May 2017, p. 523) do not fully capture the implications of thermodynamic limitations. A nonisothermal process in which each cycle requires a large temperature swing and permits only substoichiometric methane conversion surely could not be carried out on any practical scale.
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Publication Date: 2018-02-16
    Description: Labinger argues that stepwise reaction of methane with water to produce methanol and hydrogen will never be commercially feasible because of its substoichiometric basis with respect to the active site and the requirement of a large temperature swing. This comment is not touching any new ground, beyond describing the thermodynamic feasibility, thermal cycling, and the role of water as discussed previously. Most important, it does not have a solid numerical basis.
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-07-27
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2018-07-27
    Description: Vinyl carbocations have been the subject of extensive experimental and theoretical studies over the past five decades. Despite this long history in chemistry, the utility of vinyl cations in chemical synthesis has been limited, with most reactivity studies focusing on solvolysis reactions or intramolecular processes. Here we report synthetic and mechanistic studies of vinyl cations generated through silylium–weakly coordinating anion catalysis. We find that these reactive intermediates undergo mild intermolecular carbon-carbon bond–forming reactions, including carbon-hydrogen (C–H) insertion into unactivated sp 3 C–H bonds and reductive Friedel-Crafts reactions with arenes. Moreover, we conducted computational studies of these alkane C–H functionalization reactions and discovered that they proceed through nonclassical, ambimodal transition structures. This reaction manifold provides a framework for the catalytic functionalization of hydrocarbons using simple ketone derivatives.
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Publication Date: 2018-06-22
    Description: It is commonly assumed that recognition and discrimination of chirality, both in nature and in artificial systems, depend solely on spatial effects. However, recent studies have suggested that charge redistribution in chiral molecules manifests an enantiospecific preference in electron spin orientation. We therefore reasoned that the induced spin polarization may affect enantiorecognition through exchange interactions. Here we show experimentally that the interaction of chiral molecules with a perpendicularly magnetized substrate is enantiospecific. Thus, one enantiomer adsorbs preferentially when the magnetic dipole is pointing up, whereas the other adsorbs faster for the opposite alignment of the magnetization. The interaction is not controlled by the magnetic field per se, but rather by the electron spin orientations, and opens prospects for a distinct approach to enantiomeric separations.
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-06-29
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 2018-12-14
    Description: Theory has established the importance of geometric phase (GP) effects in the adiabatic dynamics of molecular systems with a conical intersection connecting the ground- and excited-state potential energy surfaces, but direct observation of their manifestation in chemical reactions remains a major challenge. Here, we report a high-resolution crossed molecular beams study of the H + HD -〉 H 2 + D reaction at a collision energy slightly above the conical intersection. Velocity map ion imaging revealed fast angular oscillations in product quantum state–resolved differential cross sections in the forward scattering direction for H 2 products at specific rovibrational levels. The experimental results agree with adiabatic quantum dynamical calculations only when the GP effect is included.
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-17
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-17
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 86
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-17
    Description: The chemistry of the carbonyl group is essential to modern organic synthesis. The preparation of substituted, enantioenriched 1,3- or 1,5-dicarbonyls is well developed, as their disconnection naturally follows from the intrinsic polarity of the carbonyl group. By contrast, a general enantioselective access to quaternary stereocenters in acyclic 1,4-dicarbonyl systems remains an unresolved problem, despite the tremendous importance of 2,3-substituted 1,4-dicarbonyl motifs in natural products and drug scaffolds. Here we present a broad enantioselective and stereodivergent strategy to access acyclic, polysubstituted 1,4-dicarbonyls via acid-catalyzed [3,3]-sulfonium rearrangement starting from vinyl sulfoxides and ynamides. The stereochemistry at sulfur governs the absolute sense of chiral induction, whereas the double bond geometry dictates the relative configuration of the final products.
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-17
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 88
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-17
    Description: With the recent soaring production of natural gas, the use of methane and other light hydrocarbon feedstocks as starting materials in synthetic transformations is becoming increasingly economically attractive, although it remains chemically challenging. We report the development of photocatalytic C–H amination, alkylation, and arylation of methane, ethane, and higher alkanes under visible light irradiation at ambient temperature. High catalytic efficiency (turnover numbers up to 2900 for methane and 9700 for ethane) and selectivity were achieved using abundant, inexpensive cerium salts as photocatalysts. Ligand-to-metal charge transfer excitation generated alkoxy radicals from simple alcohols that in turn acted as hydrogen atom transfer catalysts. The mixed-phase gas/liquid reaction was adapted to continuous flow, enabling the efficient use of gaseous feedstocks in scalable photocatalytic transformations.
    Keywords: Chemistry
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-24
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 90
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-24
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-31
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 92
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-31
    Description: Intrigued by the potential of nanoscale machines, scientists have long attempted to control molecular motion. We monitored the individual 0.7-nanometer steps of a single molecular hopper as it moved in an electric field along a track in a nanopore controlled by a chemical ratchet. The hopper demonstrated characteristics desired in a moving molecule: defined start and end points, processivity, no chemical fuel requirement, directional motion, and external control. The hopper was readily functionalized to carry cargos. For example, a DNA molecule could be ratcheted along the track in either direction, a prerequisite for nanopore sequencing.
    Keywords: Chemistry
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2018-09-21
    Description: Phosphorothioate nucleotides have emerged as powerful pharmacological substitutes of their native phosphodiester analogs with important translational applications in antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapeutics and cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) synthesis. Stereocontrolled installation of this chiral motif has long been hampered by the systemic use of phosphorus(III) [P(III)]–based reagent systems as the sole practical means of oligonucleotide assembly. A fundamentally different approach is described herein: the invention of a P(V)-based reagent platform for programmable, traceless, diastereoselective phosphorus-sulfur incorporation. The power of this reagent system is demonstrated through the robust and stereocontrolled synthesis of various nucleotidic architectures, including ASOs and CDNs, via an efficient, inexpensive, and operationally simple protocol.
    Keywords: Chemistry
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2018-09-21
    Description: Here we report an anomalous porous molecular crystal built of C–H···N-bonded double-layered roof-floor components and wall components of a segregatively interdigitated architecture. This complicated porous structure consists of only one type of fully aromatic multijoint molecule carrying three identical dipyridylphenyl wedges. Despite its high symmetry, this molecule accomplishes difficult tasks by using two of its three wedges for roof-floor formation and using its other wedge for wall formation. Although a C–H···N bond is extremely labile, the porous crystal maintains its porosity until thermal breakdown of the C–H···N bonds at 202°C occurs, affording a nonporous polymorph. Though this nonporous crystal survives even at 325°C, it can retrieve the parent porosity under acetonitrile vapor. These findings show how one can translate simplicity into ultrahigh complexity.
    Keywords: Chemistry
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-09-28
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 96
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-09-28
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2018-09-28
    Description: Some of the simplest and most powerful carbon-carbon bond forming strategies take advantage of readily accessible ubiquitous motifs: carbonyls and olefins. Here we report a fundamentally distinct mode of reactivity between carbonyls and olefins that differs from established acid-catalyzed carbonyl-ene, Prins, and carbonyl-olefin metathesis reaction paths. A range of epsilon, zeta-unsaturated ketones undergo Brønsted acid–catalyzed intramolecular cyclization to provide tetrahydrofluorene products via the formation of two new carbon-carbon bonds. Theoretical calculations and accompanying mechanistic studies suggest that this carbocyclization reaction proceeds through the intermediacy of a transient oxetane formed by oxygen atom transfer. The complex polycyclic frameworks in this product class appear as common substructures in organic materials, bioactive natural products, and recently developed pharmaceuticals.
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-09-28
    Description: Alkene aminoarylation with a single, bifunctional reagent is a concise synthetic strategy. We report a catalytic protocol for the addition of arylsulfonylacetamides across electron-rich alkenes with complete anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity and excellent diastereoselectivity to provide 2,2-diarylethylamines. In this process, single-electron alkene oxidation enables carbon-nitrogen bond formation to provide a key benzylic radical poised for a Smiles-Truce 1,5-aryl shift. This reaction is redox-neutral, exhibits broad functional group compatibility, and occurs at room temperature with loss of sulfur dioxide. As this process is driven by visible light, uses readily available starting materials, and demonstrates convergent synthesis, it is well suited for use in a variety of synthetic endeavors.
    Keywords: Chemistry
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-10-05
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-10-05
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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