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  • Springer  (385,777)
  • Oxford University Press  (49,836)
  • Springer Science + Business Media
  • MDPI Publishing
  • 2000-2004  (210,362)
  • 1975-1979  (225,253)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Language
Years
Year
  • 1
    Unknown
    In defense of globalization (2004)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Anti-globalization movement. ; Globalization, Economic aspects. ; Globalization, Social aspects.
    Notes: I. Coping with anti-globalization -- 1. Anti-globalization: why? -- 2. Globalization: socially, not just economically, benign -- 3. Globalization is good but not good enough -- 4. Non-government organizations -- II. Globalization's human face: trade and corporations -- 5. Poverty: enhanced or diminished? -- 6. Child labor: increased or reduced? -- 7. Women: harmed or helped? -- 8. Democracy at bay? -- 9. Culture imperiled or enriched? -- 10. Wages and labor standards at stake? -- 11. Environment in peril? -- 12. Corporations: predatory or beneficial? -- III. Other dimensions of globalization -- 13. The perils of Gung-Ho International Financial capitalism -- 14. International flows of humanity -- IV. Appropriate governance: making globalization work better -- 15. Appropriate governance: an overview -- 16. Coping with downsides -- 17. Accelerating the achievement of social agendas -- 18. Managing transitions: optimal, not maximal, speed -- V. In conclusion -- 19. And so, let us begin anew
    Pages: xi, 308 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530391-1
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129267
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  • 2
    Unknown
    Memory and emotion (2004)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Series in affective science  
    Details
    Keywords: Autobiographical memory. ; Brain, physiology. ; Emotions. ; Emotions, physiology. ; Memory, physiology. ; Mental Disorders, psychology. ; Psychiatry. ; Psychophysiology.
    Notes: Memory for emotional events / Daniel Reisberg and Friderike Heuer -- The neuroanatomy of emotional memory in humans / Tony W. Buchanan and Ralph Adolphs -- The biopsychology of trauma and memory / Jessica D. Payne ... [et al.] -- Forgetting trauma? / Richard J. McNally, Susan A. Clancy, and Heidi M. Barrett -- Selective memory effects in anxiety disorders : an overview of research findings and their implications / Colin MacLeod and Andrew Mathews -- Memory for emotional and nonemotional events in depression : a question of habit? / Paula Hertel -- Emotion, memory, and conscious awareness in schizophrenia / Jean-Marie Danion ... [et al.] -- Children's memories of emotional events / Robyn Fivush and Jessica McDermott Sales -- Aging and emotional memory / Mara Mather -- Emotion and eyewitness memory / Robin S. Edelstein ... [et al.] -- Emotional memory in survivors of the Holocaust : a qualitative study of oral testimony / Robert N. Kraft
    Pages: xiv, 413 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518650-8
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=121006
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  • 3
    Unknown
    Armies without nations : public violence and state formation in Central America, 1821-1960 (2004)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Central America, Politics and government. ; Political violence, Central America, History. ; State-sponsored terrorism, Central America, History.
    Notes: Part 1 : 1821-1939. Historical dimensions of public violence in Latin America -- Binding hatreds : public violence, state, and nation in Central American history -- Guatemala : organizing for war -- El Salvador : a democracy of violence -- Honduras : caudillos in search of an army -- Nicaragua : a new army finds its caudillo -- Costa Rica : caudillos in search of a state -- Part 2 : 1940-1960. Transformations -- Defining collaboration : the United States and Central America -- Guatemala : "Showcase of Latin America" -- El Salvador : distrustful collaborator -- Honduras : remaking an "armed rabble" -- Nicaragua : "Ready to receive orders from Uncle Sam" -- Costa Rica : an army renamed -- Conclusions -- Statistical appendix -- Notes
    Pages: x, 336 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518573-0
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=121469
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  • 4
    Unknown
    Sight unseen : an exploration of conscious and unconscious vision (2004)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Vision disorders ; Visual perception
    Pages: ix, 135 p.
    ISBN: 1-423-70567-X
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=130746
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  • 5
    Unknown
    Thinking about feeling : contemporary philosophers on emotions (2004)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Series in affective science  
    Details
    Keywords: Emotions (Philosophy)
    Notes: Emotions, physiology, and intentionality.Primitive emotions /John Deigh --Emotion : biological fact or social construction /Jenefer Robinson --Embodied emotions /Jesse Prinz --Emotion, appraisal, and cognition.Emotions : what I know, what I'd like to think I know, and what I'd like to think /Ronald de Sousa --Emotions, thoughts, and feelings : emotions as engagements with the world /Robert C. Solomon --Emotions and feelings.Emotion, feeling, and knowledge of the world /Peter Goldie --Subjectivity and emotion /Cheshire Calhoun --Emotions and rationality.Emotions, rationality, and mind/body /Patricia Greenspan --Some considerations about intellectual desire and emotions /Michael Stocker --Emotions, action, and freedom.Emotion and action /Jon Elster --Emotions and freedom /Jerome Neu --Emotion and value.Emotions as judgments of value and importance /Martha Nussbaum --Feelings that matter /Annette Baier --Perturbations of desire : emotions disarming morality in the "Great song" of The Mahabharata /Purushottama Bilimoria --On theories of emotion.Is emotion a natural kind? /Paul E. Griffiths --Emotion as a subtle mental mode /Aaron Ben-Zeev --Enough already with "Theories of emotions" /Amelie Oksenberg Rorty.
    Pages: x, 297 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530334-2
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129793
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  • 6
    Unknown
    Strategic decision making : applying the analytic hierarchy process (2004)
    London ; New York : Springer
    Decision engineering  
    Details
    Keywords: Decision making, Mathematical models. ; Decision making, Methodology.
    Pages: ix, 172 p.
    ISBN: 1-85233-864-4
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=108180
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  • 7
    Unknown
    The foundations of mind : origins of conceptual thought (2004)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Oxford series in cognitive development  
    Details
    Keywords: Cognition in infants. ; Cognition, physiology, Infant. ; Concepts in infants. ; Thinking, physiology, Infant.
    Notes: How to build a baby : prologue -- Piaget's sensorimotor infant -- Kinds of representation : seeing and thinking -- Perceptual meaning analysis and image-schemas : the infant as interpreter -- Some image-schemas and their functions -- Some differences between percepts and concepts : the case of the basic level -- Some preverbal concepts -- Conceptual categories as induction machines -- Continuity in the conceptual system : acquisition, breakdown, and reorganization -- Recall of the past -- Language acquisition -- Consciousness and conclusions
    Pages: xiii, 359 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530396-2
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129820
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  • 8
    Unknown
    Twentieth century sprawl : highways and the reshaping of the American Landscape ; Highways transformed America (2004)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Denver (Colo.), History, 20th century. ; Middlebury (Vt. : Town), History, 20th century. ; Smyrna (Rutherford County, Tenn.), History, 20th century. ; Cities and towns, United States, Growth, History, 20th century, Case studies. ; Interstate Highway System, History, 20th century. ; Roads, Government policy, United States, History, 20th century. ; Transportation, Automotive, United States, History, 20th century.
    Notes: Highway federalism -- Denver meets the automobile -- The decentralization of post-World War II Denver -- Automobiles and a small town -- Bridges, bypasses, and boulevards -- AutoCity : Smyrna, Tennessee
    Pages: xiv, 297 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530264-8
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129257
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  • 9
    Unknown
    The human side of M & A : how CEOs leverage the most important asset in deal making ; Human side of M and A ; Human side of mergers and acquisitions ; Leveraging the most important factor in deal making (2004)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Consolidation and merger of corporations. ; Human capital. ; Organizational effectiveness.
    Pages: xi, 193 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518406-8
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=120907
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  • 10
    Unknown
    At war with ourselves : why America is squandering its chance to build a better world (2004)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: United States, Foreign relations, Philosophy. ; United States, Foreign relations, 2001- ; Globalization, Political aspects. ; National characteristics, American.
    Pages: xiv, 288 p.
    Edition: [Pbk. ed.]
    ISBN: 0-19-518433-5
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=120929
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  • 11
    Unknown
    When flesh becomes word : an anthology of early eighteenth-century libertine literature (2004)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: English literature, 18th century. ; Erotic literature, English. ; Libertinism, Literary collections.
    Notes: British libertine literature before Fanny Hill (1749) -- 1: The school of Venus (1680) -- 2: The pleasure of a single life (1701), The fifteen comforts of Cuckoldom (1706), and the fifteen plagues of a maiden-head (1707) -- 3: Gonosologium Novum (1709) -- 4: Venus in the cloister (1725) -- 5: A dialogue between a married lady and a maid (1740) -- 6: A new description of merryland (1741) -- 7: The female husband (1746)
    Pages: xxxiii, 332 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518577-3
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=120996
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  • 12
    Unknown
    Web services, E-Business, and the Semantic Web : second international workshop, WES 2003, Klagenfurt, Austria, June 16-17, 2003 ; WES 2003 (2004)
    Berlin ; New York : Springer
    Lecture notes in computer science  
    Details
    Keywords: Semantic Web, Congresses.
    Pages: x, 145 p.
    ISBN: 3-540-25982-1
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=130186
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  • 13
    Unknown
    Playing the races : ethnic caricature and American literary realism (2004)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: United States, Ethnic relations, History, 19th century. ; United States, Race relations, History, 19th century. ; American fiction, 19th century, History and criticism. ; Caricatures and cartoons, United States, History, 19th century. ; Ethnicity in literature. ; Race in literature. ; Realism in literature. ; Stereotype (Psychology) in literature.
    Notes: Introduction: the age of caricature, the age of realism -- William Dean Howells and the touch of exaggeration which typifies -- "I want a real coon": Twain and ethnic caricature -- A Jamesian art to be cultivated -- Edith Wharton's flamboyant copy -- The "curious realism" of Charles Chesnutt
    Pages: viii, 196 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518578-1
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=121496
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterodyne detected transient gratings in supercooled molecular liquids (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 169-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We present an analysis, based on a phenomenological set of Generalised Navier-Stokes equations, of Heterodyne Detected Transient Gratings on supercooled molecular liquids of anisotropic molecules. This set of equations generalises equations proven in Franosch, Latz and Pick [24] for the same type of liquids. It also takes into account the three different sources generated by the laser pumping process pertinent for these experiments. We give analytical expressions for the response functions that can be measured using the different polarisation of the experimental set-up. Specialising to the case of parallel polarisation (where longitudinal phonons are launched), we show that each response function is a sum of the same seven “elementary response functions” (ERFs) whose time and temperature evolutions are individually analysed. We also show that the response functions corresponding to two of the sources can be directly connected to the Laplace Transform of a light scattering signal. The ERFs generated by the heat-absorption process, which is the third source, are of a different nature. They do not have the same time and temperature behaviours and they can provide, inter alia, unique information on the rotation-translation coupling function characteristic of these liquids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00181-2
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The superconducting proximity effect as a tool to investigate metal films and interfaces (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 199-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The superconducting proximity effect is measured in sandwiches of thin Pb films and the alkali metals Cs, Rb, K and Na. The T c -dependence provides information about the interface barriers between Pb and the alkalis. Such a barrier is particularly large in Pb/Cs sandwiches. It is not due to impurities or oxydation. In the presence of a sufficiently strong barrier a special form of the Cooper limit can be applied to calculate the transition temperature of the sandwich.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00182-1
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-step spin conversion and other effects in the atom-phonon coupling model (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 219-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We study an atom-phonon coupling model introduced recently for spin-conversion phenomenon. The originality of this model, performed on a linear chain of atoms, is that the elastic force constant values of the spring linking two atoms depends on their electronic states. This leads to introduce naturally in the chain long- and short-range interactions, which appear respectively like a Zeeman and an exchange interactions. The exchange-like interaction can be ferro-, antiferro- or equal to zero. The effects of long-range interactions have already been studied. Here we study those of the short-range interaction. Some parts of the chain phase diagram are analysed and the main features of the experimental behaviours of spin conversion compounds are qualitatively reproduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00184-y
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and optical study on a single crystal of a novel fluorinated acridine (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 229-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Within a new class of anthracene-like molecules, namely tetrafluoro-acridines, a systematic study of the structural and optical properties of single crystals of a prototypical member, 1,2,3,4-tetrafluoro-7(N,N)dimethyl-amino-acridine, is illustrated. Single crystals were grown by physical vapour transport using an inert gas flow as carrier, starting from a microcrystalline powder of the pure material. The crystal structure, determined by X ray diffraction, points out that the crystals are monoclinic with molecules stacked along the c axis. The results of atomic force microscopy on the ac face of a single crystal, at both low and molecular resolution, are consistent with the X-ray diffraction data. Preliminary results of the optical properties of the single crystal, in the unique configuration accessible due to the peculiar habit of the samples, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00185-x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A lattice Boltzmann model with random dynamical constraints (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 241-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. In this paper we introduce a modified lattice Boltzmann model (LBM) with the capability of mimicking a fluid system with dynamic heterogeneities. The physical system is modeled as a one-dimensional fluid, interacting with finite-lifetime moving obstacles. Fluid motion is described by a lattice Boltzmann equation and obstacles are randomly distributed semi-permeable barriers which constrain the motion of the fluid particles. After a lifetime delay, obstacles move to new random positions. It is found that the non-linearly coupled dynamics of the fluid and obstacles produces heterogeneous patterns in fluid density and non-exponential relaxation of two-time autocorrelation function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00187-8
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific heat of magnetic Ce alloys within a two-component model (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 41 (2004), S. 289-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We propose a description of the electronic properties of Ce alloys as an inhomogeneous mixture of two components: one containing magnetic Ce ions with an RKKY interaction J H between them, and the other described as a collection of Kondo impurities with exchange interaction J K . Both J H and J K are assumed to depend on a composition parameter X, with a Gaussian distribution around a value X 0 (near to the expectation value of X), related to the experimental composition parameter x of the alloy. When the concentration of the Kondo impurities is large, the specific heat C displays non-Fermi liquid behavior over a wide temperature range. The main qualitative features of C/T as a function of temperature T observed in several Ce alloys are reproduced using simple J H (X) and J K (X) dependences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00319-2
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the Coulomb parameter U on partial densities of states of CuGeO $_\mathsf{3}$ : comparison with X-ray spectral data (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 41 (2004), S. 295-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The electronic structure of the strongly Coulomb correlated cuprate CuGeO3 has been calculated by the local-density-approximation method (LDA + U). The parameter U was varied from 0 to 8 eV. The results of the band-structure calculations are compared with experimental data obtained by means of X-ray photoelectron and resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy methods (Cu L $\alpha$ and O K $\alpha$ X-ray emission spectra). It is established that a LDA + U calculation with U = 4 eV reproduces well the X-ray photoelectron and X-ray resonant emission spectral data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00320-9
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large deviations in spin-glass ground-state energies (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 41 (2004), S. 365-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The ground-state energy E 0 of a spin glass is an example of an extreme statistic. We consider the large deviations of this energy for a variety of models when the number of spins N goes to infinity. In most cases, the behavior can be understood qualitatively, in particular with the help of semi-analytical results for hierarchical lattices. Particular attention is paid to the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model; after comparing to the Tracy-Widom distribution which follows from the spherical approximation, we find that the large deviations give rise to non-trivial scaling laws with N.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00329-0
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An extension to the Wheeler phase-field model to allow decoupling of the capillary and kinetic anisotropies (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 41 (2004), S. 377-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The formulation of the phase-field problem due to Wheeler et al. [Physica D 66, 243 (1993)] has been adopted and extended as a tool for solidification research by many groups around the World. However, an intrinsic problem of this model is that it couples two physically distinct anisotropies, those associated with the surface energy of the solid-liquid interface and attachment kinetics, into a single anisotropy parameter. In this paper we present a simple extension to the Wheeler model in which we show that introducing a complex form of the anisotropy function allows these two physical parameters to be decoupled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00330-7
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Canonical local algorithms for spin systems: heat bath and Hasting’s methods (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 41 (2004), S. 395-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We introduce new fast canonical local algorithms for discrete and continuous spin systems. We show that for a broad selection of spin systems they compare favorably to the known ones except for the Ising $\pm$ 1 spins. The new procedures use discretization scheme and the necessary information have to be stored in computer memory before the simulation. The models for testing discrete spins are the Ising $\pm$ 1, the general Ising S or Blume-Capel model, the Potts and the clock models. The continuous spins we examine are the O(N) models, including the continuous Ising model (N = 1), the $\phi^4$ Ising model (N = 1), the XY model (N = 2), the Heisenberg model (N = 3), the $\phi^4$ Heisenberg model (N = 3), the O(4) model with applications to the SU(2) lattice gauge theory, and the general O(N) vector spins with $N\ge5$ .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00332-5
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enthalpy relaxation of polymers: comparing the predictive power of two configurational entropy models extending the AGV approach (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 41 (2004), S. 383-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The Tool-Narayanaswamy-Moynihan (TNM) phenomenological model is widely accepted in order to describe the structural relaxation of glasses. However several quantitative discrepancies can be found in the literature that cannot be entirely ascribed to the experimental errors. In this work we compare the predictive power of two recently proposed configurational entropy approaches extending the TNM formalism. Both of them change the treatment of non linearity by adding a free parameter. We use Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) experiments in order to test the models in two different polymers. One of them is a commercial PMMA sample, the other is a side chain liquid crystal azo-benzene polymer properly synthesized for optical nanorecording purposes. Different results were found for the two systems. In the PMMA sample only one of the new models was able to improve the agreement between DSC experiments and theory with respect to the TNM model, whereas in the second polymer both the approaches were able to describe the experiments better than TNM model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00331-6
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement of signal transmission through spike-timing-dependent plasticity in neural networks (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 351-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We explore the effects of spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) on weak signal transmission in a noisy neural network. We first consider the network where an ensemble of independent neurons, which are subjected to a common weak signal, are connected in parallel to a single postsynaptic neuron via excitatory synapses. STDP can make the signal transmission more efficient, and this effect is more prominent when the presynaptic activities exhibit some correlations. We further consider a two-layer network where there are only couplings between two layers and find that postsynaptic neurons can fire synchronously under suitable conditions. Both the reliability and timing precision of neuronal firing in the output layer are remarkably improved with STDP. These results indicate that STDP can play crucial roles in information processing in nervous systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00200-4
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic barriers in RNA unzipping (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 357-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We consider a simple model for the unfolding of RNA tertiary structure under dynamic loading. The opening of such a structure is regarded as a two step process, each corresponding to the overcoming of a single energy barrier. The resulting two-barrier energy landscape accounts for the dependence of the unfolding kinetics on the pulling rate. Furthermore at intermediate force, the two barriers cannot be distinguished by the analysis of the opening kinetic, which turns out to be dominated by a single macro-barrier, whose properties depend non-trivially on the two single barriers. Our results suggest that in pulling experiments on RNA molecule containing tertiary structures, the details of the single kinetic barriers can only be obtained using a low pulling rate value, or in the high force regime.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00201-3
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    2D hyperbolic groups induce three-periodic Euclidean reticulations (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 365-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Many crystalline networks can be viewed as decorations of triply periodic minimal surfaces. Such surfaces are covered by the hyperbolic plane in the same way that the Euclidean plane covers a cylinder. Thus, a symmetric hyperbolic network can be wrapped onto an appropriate minimal surface to obtain a 3d periodic net. This requires symmetries of the hyperbolic net to match the symmetries of the minimal surface. We describe a systematic algorithm to find all the hyperbolic symmetries that are commensurate with a given minimal surface, and the generation of simple 3d nets from these symmetry groups.
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    Stabilization of magnetic polarons in antiferromagnetic semiconductors by extended spin distortions (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 447-451 
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We study the problem of a magnetic polaron in an one-dimensional antiferromagnetic semiconductor (ferron). We obtain an analytical solution for the distortion produced in the antiferromagnetic structure due to the presence of a charge carrier bound to an impurity. The region in which the charge carrier is trapped is of the order of the lattice constant (small ferron) but the distortion of the magnetic structure extends over a much larger distance. It is shown that the presence of this distortion makes the ferron more stable, and introduces a new length scale in the problem.
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    Mössbauer, X-ray diffraction and AC susceptibility studies on nanoparticles of zinc substituted magnesium ferrite (2004)
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    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 417-425 
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    Notes: Abstract. Nanoparticles of zinc substituted Mg-ferrite with compositions Mg(1-x)Zn x Fe2O4 (x = 0.15, 0.30 and 0.50) having particle sizes in the range 6.4 nm to 21.4 nm prepared by the co-precipitation method were characterized by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffratometry and AC magnetic susceptibility measurements. Mössbauer measurements at room temperature and down to 20 K clearly indicate presence of superparamagnetic particles in all the samples. AC magnetic susceptibility data show lowering of blocking temperature with decrease of particle size. Superparamagnetic relaxation was observed for larger particle size in samples with higher Zn content, which is attributed to the weakening of A-B exchange interaction in ferrite lattice due to replacement of Fe3 + in tetrahedral site by Zn2 + ions.
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    The energy-scale-dependent composite operator method for the single-impurity Anderson model (2004)
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    The European physical journal 37 (2004), S. 465-471 
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    Notes: Abstract. The recently developed energy-scale-dependent Composite Operator Method is applied to the single-impurity Anderson model. A fully self-consistent solution is given and analyzed. At very low temperatures, the density of states presents, on the top of the high-energy background, a Kondo-like peak whose parameter dependence is discussed in detail. The proposed method reproduces the exact results known in the literature with very low numerical effort and it is applicable for arbitrary values of the external parameters.
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    The theory of electrostatic potential in superconductors (2004)
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    The European physical journal 37 (2004), S. 489-498 
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    Notes: Abstract. The problem of electrostatic potential distribution in superconductors is studied based on the microscopic theory of superconductors. Local chemical potential of the superconductor is introduced, and an approximation is made to BG theory, which is similar to the Thomas-Fermi (TF) method used in quantum mechanics. The electrostatic potential and charge distribution around an isolated vortex in type-II superconductors is discussed within the approximation. A correction to GL theory considering the electrostatic potential distribution is suggested.
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    An analytical study of substrate current in submicron MOS devices (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 113-117 
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    Notes: Abstract. In the present communication we have tried to study the substrate current behavior in the sub-micron devices after solving the second order differential equation using appropriate boundary conditions. Simple and accurate models for maximum lateral field, drain saturation voltage and for ionization length have been developed. The simulation result of ionization length shows a good match with the known result. Analysis also shows that dominant contributor to the error in the ionization length is not only because of the excess saturated voltage but also due to the channel length and the gate to source voltage. For sub-micron devices the saturation region shifts towards the source for higher drain voltage and larger gate oxide thickness.
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    Thermal diffusion of envelope solitons on anharmonic atomic chains (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 103-112 
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    Notes: Abstract. We study the motion of envelope solitons on anharmonic atomic chains in the presence of dissipation and thermal fluctuations. We consider the continuum limit of the discrete system and apply an adiabatic perturbation theory which yields a system of stochastic integro-differential equations for the collective variables of the ansatz for the perturbed envelope soliton. We derive the Fokker-Planck equation of this system and search for a statistically equivalent system of Langevin equations, which shares the same Fokker-Planck equation. We undertake an analytical analysis of the Langevin system and derive an expression for the variance of the soliton position Var[x s ] which predicts a stronger than linear time dependence of Var[x s ] (superdiffusion). We compare these results with simulations for the discrete system and find they agree well. We refer to recent studies where the diffusion of pulse solitons were found to exhibit a superdiffusive behaviour on longer time scales.
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    Efficiency and robustness in ant networks of galleries (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 123-129 
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    Notes: Abstract. Recent theoretical and empirical studies have focused on the topology of large networks of communication/interactions in biological, social and technological systems. Most of them have been studied in the scope of the small-world and scale-free networks’ theory. Here we analyze the characteristics of ant networks of galleries produced in a 2-D experimental setup. These networks are neither small-worlds nor scale-free networks and belong to a particular class of network, i.e. embedded planar graphs emerging from a distributed growth mechanism. We compare the networks of galleries with both minimal spanning trees and greedy triangulations. We show that the networks of galleries have a path system efficiency and robustness to disconnections closer to the one observed in triangulated networks though their cost is closer to the one of a tree. These networks may have been prevented to evolve toward the classes of small-world and scale-free networks because of the strong spatial constraints under which they grow, but they may share with many real networks a similar trend to result from a balance of constraints leading them to achieve both path system efficiency and robustness at low cost.
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    Effect of orbital currents on the restricted optical conductivity sum rule (2004)
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    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 469-473 
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    Notes: Abstract. We derive the restricted optical-conductivity sum rule for a model with circulating orbital currents. It is shown that an unusual coupling of the vector potential to the interaction term of the model Hamiltonian results in a non-standard form of the sum rule. As a consequence, the temperature dependence of the restricted spectral weight could be compatible with existing experimental data for high-T c cuprates above the critical temperature T c . We extend our results to the superconducting state, and comment on the differences and analogies between these two symmetry-breaking phenomena.
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    The influence of deposition parameters on production of soft Fe $\mathsf{_{81}}$ Co $\mathsf{_{13.5}}$ Si $\mathsf{_{3.5}}$ C $\mathsf{_{2}}$ and Fe $\mathsf{_{67}}$ Co $\mathsf{_{18}}$ Si $\mathsf{_{1}}$ B $\mathsf{_{14}}$ films (2004)
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    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 453-457 
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    Notes: Abstract. Production parameters are important for the production of desirable type of magnetic materials. The feasibility of low coercivity amorphous films production using a novel rotating cryostat (RC) technique for sensor application was investigated. Fe81Co13.5Si3.5C2 and Fe67Co18Si1B14 amorphous films was vaporised using a resistively heated furnace on to a liquid nitrogen cooled polyimide Kapton $^{\rm TM}$ substrate rotated at the speed of 1300 rpm. The Orthogonal design process was applied in order to systematically optimise the deposition process and parameters over the output functions for the production of low coercivity films. The results indicate that the process can be easily optimised at these level settings with the goal of having the low coercivity amorhous films. By comparing the output function differences with standard deviation for coercivity, the effects of all input parameters (furnace shape, furnace power, mass of material and the gap between substrate and source) on coercivity values of films were analysed. Furthermore, the amorphous nature of these films was confirmed by X-ray measurement.
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    Splitting rules for the 2nd hierarchy structure of the electronic spectra of 2D FC(n) quasicrystals (2004)
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    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 475-481 
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    Notes: Abstract. On the basis of our former work and by means of the decomposition-decimation method, we study the splitting rules for the second hierarchy of the electronic energy spectra for two-dimensional Fibonacci-class quasicrystals with one kind of atom and two bond lengths. It is found that every line of the sub-spectra for n x n and (n + 1) x (n + 1) clusters of FC(n) $(n \geq 2)$ splits according to the type Y‘(n-1)-2-1 and type Y n-2-1 respectively. The one for n x (n + 1) clusters of FC(n) consists of three sub-subbands when $n \le 2$ , and five sub-subbranches when $n \ge 3$ . The general formulae of the number of energy levels for the spectra of the second hierarchy are obtained. The analytical results are confirmed by numerical simulations.
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    Statistical mechanics of semiflexible polymers (2004)
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    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 499-512 
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    Notes: Abstract. We present the statistical-mechanical theory of semiflexible polymers based on the connection between the Kratky-Porod model and the quantum rigid rotator in an external homogeneous field, and treatment of the latter using the quantum mechanical propagator method. The expressions and relations existing for flexible polymers can be generalized to semiflexible ones, if one replaces the Fourier-Laplace transform of the end-to-end polymer distance, 1/(k 2/3 + p), through the matrix $\tilde{P}(k,p) = (I + ikDM)^{-1}D$ , where D and M are related to the spectrum of the quantum rigid rotator, and considers an appropriate matrix element of the expression under consideration. The present work provides also the framework to study polymers in external fields, and problems including the tangents of semiflexible polymers. We study the structure factor of the polymer, the transversal fluctuations of a free end of the polymer with fixed tangent of another end, and the localization of a semiflexible polymer onto an interface. We obtain the partition function of a semiflexible polymer in half space with Dirichlet boundary condition in terms of the end-to-end distribution function of the free semiflexible polymer, study the behaviour of a semiflexible polymer in the vicinity of a surface, and adsorption onto a surface.
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    Surface plasmon resonance in nanocrystalline silver in a ZnO matrix (2004)
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    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 491-498 
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    Notes: Abstract. Silver nanoparticles embedded in ZnO matrix were deposited onto fused silica substrates using high pressure (~40 Pa) d.c. sputtering techniques. The particle size in the films was tailored by varying the system pressure and substrate temperature, while the metal volume fraction was controlled by adjusting the relative time of sputtering of the targets. Blue-shift of the surface plasmon resonance peak was observed with the reduction in size and volume fraction of metal particles. A surface plasmon peak in the absorption spectra was found to be absent in the films with particle size and metal concentration below a critical value. A sharp absorption edge in the absorbance spectra within the UV-VIS range indicated semiconducting behavior of the ultrafine silver particles. Films deposited at lower substrate temperature showed a narrow distribution of nanoparticles, nearly spherical in shape. Increase in substrate temperature resulted in a non-uniform size and shape in the films due to the agglomeration of the nanoparticles. These size and shape distributions have a profound effect on the optical absorbance spectra and result in a broad and asymmetric surface plasmon band. A shape distribution introduced in the Maxwell-Garnett or Bruggeman effective medium theory was found to give a reasonable description of the experimentally observed optical absorption spectra.
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    Ultrafast creation and annihilation of space-charge domains in a semiconductor superlattice observed by use of Terahertz fields (2004)
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    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 483-489 
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    Notes: Abstract. We report an experimental study indicating ultrafast creation and annihilation of space-charge domains in a semiconductor superlattice under the action of a THz field. Our experiment was performed for an InGaAs/InAlAs superlattice with the conduction electrons undergoing miniband transport. We applied to a superlattice a dc bias that was slightly smaller than a critical bias necessary for the formation of space-charge domains caused by a static negative differential conductivity. Additionally subjecting the superlattice to a strong THz field, resulted in a dc transport governed by the formation of domains if the frequency of the field was smaller than an upper frequency limit (~3 THz). From this frequency limit for the creation and annihilation of domains we determined the characteristic time of the domain buildup. Our analysis shows that the buildup time of domains in a wide miniband and heavily doped superlattice is limited by the relaxation time due to scattering of the miniband electrons at polar optic phonons. Our results are of importance for both an understanding of ultrafast dynamics of pattern formation in nanostructures and the development of THz electronic devices.
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    Breakdown of universality in directed spiral percolation (2004)
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    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 513-519 
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    Notes: Abstract. Directed spiral percolation (DSP), percolation under both directional and rotational constraints, is studied on the triangular lattice in two dimensions (2D). The results are compared with that of the 2D square lattice. Clusters generated in this model are generally rarefied and have chiral dangling ends on both the square and triangular lattices. It is found that the clusters are more compact and less anisotropic on the triangular lattice than on the square lattice. The elongation of the clusters is in a different direction than the imposed directional constraint on both the lattices. The values of some of the critical exponents and fractal dimension are found considerably different on the two lattices. The DSP model then exhibits a breakdown of universality in 2D between the square and triangular lattices. The values of the critical exponents obtained for the triangular lattice are not only different from that of the square lattice but also different form other percolation models.
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    Sympatric speciation in an age-structured population living on a lattice (2004)
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    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 521-525 
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    Notes: Abstract. A square lattice is introduced into the Penna model for biological aging in order to study the evolution of diploid sexual populations under certain conditions when one single locus in the individual’s genome is considered as identifier of species. The simulation results show, after several generations, the flourishing and coexistence of two separate species in the same environment, i.e., one original species splits up into two on the same territory (sympatric speciation). As well, the mortalities obtained are in a good agreement with the Gompertz law of exponential increase of mortality with age.
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    Effects of the magneto-crystalline anisotropy on the magnetic properties of Fe/Cr/Fe (110) trilayer (2004)
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    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 527-533 
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    Notes: Abstract. In this paper we present a theoretical study about the influence of the magneto-crystalline anisotropy on the magnetic properties of magnetic metallic trilayers Fe/Cr/Fe (110). The theory is based on a realistic phenomenological model which includes the following contributions to the free magnetic energy: Zeeman, cubic and uniaxial anisotropy, as well as bilinear and biquadratic exchange energies. The experimental parameters used here are based on experimental data known from the literature. We present numerical results of magnetization versus external applied field to illustrate the behavior of the system. Our numerical results show that in some situations the saturation field can not be correctly determined by magnetoresistance measures.
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    Neighborhood models of minority opinion spreading (2004)
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    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 535-544 
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    Notes: Abstract. We study the effect of finite size population in Galam’s model [Eur. Phys. J. B 25, 403 (2002)] of minority opinion spreading and introduce neighborhood models that account for local spatial effects. For systems of different sizes N, the time to reach consensus is shown to scale as $\ln N$ in the original version, while the evolution is much slower in the new neighborhood models. The threshold value of the initial concentration of minority supporters for the defeat of the initial majority, which is independent of N in Galam’s model, goes to zero with growing system size in the neighborhood models. This is a consequence of the existence of a critical size for the growth of a local domain of minority supporters.
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    From weak to strong pinning I: A finite size study (2004)
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    The European physical journal 38 (2004), S. 71-82 
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    Notes: Abstract. We have used linear stability analysis to study the depinning of an elastic chain with long range interactions submitted to a random pinning potential. In this paper, we provide, for the first time, evidence of a pronounced change from a strong pinning regime to a weak pinning regime. This change depends on the strength of disorder, and takes place only in finite size systems. For a given disorder, we show a characteristic length separating the weak pinning regime from the strong pinning regime. This length depends on the long range of the algebraic decay of the elastic couplings. The weak pinning regime is very well described by perturbation theory. As an example, we discuss more specifically the case of wetting of heterogeneous surfaces, where the change from a strong to a weak pinning regime could be induced in the wetting front by varying the surface tension of the liquid-air interface.
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    Stiffness exponents for lattice spin glasses in dimensions $\mathsf{d = 3,\ldots,6}$ (2004)
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    The European physical journal 38 (2004), S. 83-91 
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    Notes: Abstract. The stiffness exponents in the glass phase for lattice spin glasses in dimensions $d = 3,\ldots,6$ are determined. To this end, we consider bond-diluted lattices near the T = 0 glass transition point p *. This transition for discrete bond distributions occurs just above the bond percolation point p c in each dimension. Numerics suggests that both points, p c and p *, seem to share the same 1/d-expansion, at least for several leading orders, each starting with 1/(2d). Hence, these lattice graphs have average connectivities of $\alpha = 2dp\gtrsim1$ near p * and exact graph-reduction methods become very effective in eliminating recursively all spins of connectivity $\leq3$ , allowing the treatment of lattices of lengths up to L = 30 and with up to 105-106 spins. Using finite-size scaling, data for the defect energy width $\sigma(\Delta E)$ over a range of p 〉 p * in each dimension can be combined to reach scaling regimes of about one decade in the scaling variable $L(p-p^*)^{\nu^*}$ . Accordingly, unprecedented accuracy is obtained for the stiffness exponents compared to undiluted lattices (p = 1), where scaling is far more limited. Surprisingly, scaling corrections typically are more benign for diluted lattices. We find in $d = 3,\ldots,6$ for the stiffness exponents y 3 = 0.24(1), y 4 = 0.61(2), y 5 = 0.88(5), and y 6 = 1.1(1).
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    Noise correction for roughening analysis of magnetic flux profiles in YBa $_\mathsf{2}$ Cu $_\mathsf{3}$ O $_\mathsf{7-x}$ (2004)
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    The European physical journal 38 (2004), S. 93-98 
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    Notes: Abstract. The presence of experimental noise may greatly reduce the accuracy of experimentally determined growth and roughness exponents, which characterize a growing self-affine interface. A separate determination of the experimental noise enables a straightforward correction, which we demonstrate on experiments on the roughening of magnetic flux profiles in the critical state of YBa2Cu3O7-x thin films. After noise correction, we find that the magnetic field profile is characterized by a roughness exponent $\alpha = 0.75(6)$ . The growth exponent of the profiles is $\beta = 0.7(1)$ .
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    Evolutionary stabilization of generous replicases by complex formation (2004)
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    The European physical journal 38 (2004), S. 103-110 
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    Notes: Abstract. The importance of spatial organization for the evolutionary stability of trans-acting replicase systems ( $T\buildrel X \over \longrightarrow 2T)$ , where T is a general member of a combinatorial family including the special catalyst X, is now well established, by analytical and Monte Carlo models [1,2]. Complex formation as an intermediate step in replication ( $X + T\rightleftharpoons XT\to X + 2T)$ , besides refining the model, enhances co-localization of replicase X and templates T and is shown here to thereby contribute to the evolutionary stability of the catalyst. Applying the established individual molecule stochastic PRESS-framework [3], the performances of cooperative replication with and without intermediate complex formation are compared, and the beneficial effect of complex formation as enhancing stability is studied numerically under various conditions. The results obtained are of value for studies of prebiotic evolution, but also point towards a possible mechanism for stabilizing replication systems in adaptive molecular engineering.
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    $\mathsf{\sqrt{3}}$ linear structures in the Te/Ni(111) system (2004)
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    The European physical journal 38 (2004), S. 111-115 
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    Notes: Abstract. Surface structures in the Te/Ni(111) system are revealed by using reflection high-energy electron diffraction combined with X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopies. At a 0.33 mono-layer (ML)-Te/Ni(111) surface, a reversible structural phase transition is observed with a transition temperature T c of 380 $^{\circ}$ C. The diffraction pattern from the low temperature phase is accompanied by streaks. The high and low temperature phases are characterized by $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3} R\pm30^{\circ}$ and $3 \times \sqrt{3}$ rectangle, respectively. The mechanism of the phase transition is explained by the order-disorder transition with a rumpled chain model. Both 0.51 ML- and 0.44 ML-Te/Ni(111) surfaces exhibit the complex diffraction patterns accompanied by diffuse streaks. These surface structures are characterized by the $7 \times \sqrt{3}$ rectangle and $5 \sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3} R \pm30^{\circ}$ , respectively. All diffuse streaks obtained at the above surfaces are consistently interpreted in the view of the ill-ordered arrangements of the well-ordered $\sqrt{3}$ linear chains. It is shown that the “ $\sqrt{3}$ linear structure” is the key in the Te/Ni(111) system.
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    Dynamo mechanism: Effects of correlations and viscosities (2004)
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    The European physical journal 38 (2004), S. 117-126 
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    Notes: Abstract. We analyze the effects of the background velocity and the initial magnetic field correlations, and viscosities on the turbulent dynamo and the $\alpha$ -effect. We calculate the $\alpha$ -coefficients for arbitrary magnetic and fluid viscosities, background velocity and the initial magnetic field correlations. We explicitly demonstrate that the general features of the initial growth and late-time saturation of the magnetic fields due to the non-linear feedback are qualitatively independent of these correlations. We also examine the hydrodynamic limit of the magnetic field growth in a renormalization group framework and discuss the possibilities of suppression of the dynamo growth below a critical rotation. We demonstrate that for Kolmogorov-(K41) type of spectra the Ekman number $M \gtrsim 1/2$ for dynamo growth to occur.
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    Vortex dynamics around a solid ripple in an oscillatory flow (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 38 (2004), S. 127-138 
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    Notes: Abstract. We investigate the time-dependent flow of water around a solid triangular profile oscillating horizontally in a narrow rectangular container. The flow is quasi two-dimensional and using particle image velocimetry we measure 20 snapshots of the entire velocity field during a period of oscillation. From the velocity measurements we obtain the circulation of the vortices and study the vortex dynamics. The time-dependence of the flow gives rise to the formation of a jet-like flow structure which enhances the vorticity production compared to the time-independent case. We introduce a simple phenomenological model to describe the important dynamical parameters of the flow, i.e., the vortex circulation and the jet velocity. We solve the model analytically without viscous damping and find good agreement between the model predictions and our measurements. Our work adds to the recent effort to understand more complicated flows past sand-ripples and insect wings.
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    Experimental test of a superconducting digital interface for vortex qubits (2004)
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    The European physical journal 38 (2004), S. 3-8 
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We have developed and tested a classical superconducting logic interface to a qubit prototype based on two macroscopically distinct quantum states of a vortex in a long Josephson junction. The initial state preparation as well as the readout of a qubit is demonstrated by using a relatively simple Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) circuit. RSFQ logic appears as a very feasible choice for constructing an interface between superconducting qubits and room-temperature electronics.
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    Strain induced correlation gaps in carbon nanotubes (2004)
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    The European physical journal 38 (2004), S. 9-12 
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    Notes: Abstract. We calculate the change in the correlation gap of armchair carbon nanotubes with uniaxial elastic strain. We predict that such a stretching will enlarge the correlation gap for all carbon nanotubes by a change that could be as large as several meV per percent of applied strain, in contrast with pure band structure calculations where no change for armchair carbon nanotubes is predicted. The correlation effects are considered within a self-consistent Hartree-Fock approximation to the Hubbard model with on-site repulsion only.
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    Magnetic properties of the antiferromagnetic site-disordered vanadate Zn $\mathsf{_{2}}$ FeV $\mathsf{_{3}}$ O $\mathsf{_{11}}$ (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 38 (2004), S. 13-18 
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    Notes: Abstract. The magnetic properties of the Zn2 FeV3O11 vanadate, characterized by a disordered distribution of diamagnetic Zn2 + and high-spin Fe3 + ions, are studied using magnetization and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. The dc susceptibility reveals antiferromagnetic interactions between Fe3 + spins with a Curie-Weiss temperature $\Theta = -58(1)$ K, followed by a transition to a frozen, spin-glass-like state at low temperature T f $\approx 2.55$ K, indicating an inhomogeneous magnetic ground state. The temperature variation of the EPR parameters confirms the antiferromagnetic coupling of Fe3 + spins at high temperatures, while a distinct divergence is observed at $T\approx 55$ K. This behavior is attributed to the inherent magnetic inhomogeneity of the system due to antiferromagnetic spin clusters.
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    The Gutzwiller wave function as a disentanglement prescription (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 337-344 
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    Notes: Abstract. The Gutzwiller variational wave function is shown to correspond to a particular disentanglement of the thermal evolution operator, and to be physically consistent only in the temperature range $U\ll kT\ll E_F$ , the Fermi energy of the non-interacting system. The correspondence is established without using the Gutzwiller approximation. It provides a systematic procedure for extending the ansatz to the strong-coupling regime. This is carried out to infinite order in a dominant class of commutators. The calculation shows that the classical idea of suppressing double occupation is replaced at low temperatures by a quantum RVB-like condition, which involves phases at neighboring sites. Low-energy phenomenologies are discussed in the light of this result.
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    A sub-atomic microscope, superfocusing in channeling and close encounter atomic and nuclear reactions (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 361-365 
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    Notes: Abstract. A highly collimated beam of protons ( $\approx$ 1 MeV) entering the channel of a monocrystal film forms at a certain depth an extremely sharp (〈0.005 nm) and relatively long (some monolayers of the crystal) focusing area where the increase of the flux density can reach thousand times. Impinging atoms in this focusing area can undergo nuclear or atomic reactions with proper foreign dopants which disappear if the crystal is tilted from this position by only 10-3 radians. This effect can be called channeling superfocusing, in contrast to the ordinary fluxpeaking where the increase of flux density reaches only few times. Results are predicted by quantum mechanical model calculations and confirmed by channeling Monte Carlo simulations accounting for several properties of the real lattice.
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    Diffusion of solitons in anisotropic Heisenberg models (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 381-390 
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    Notes: Abstract. We are interested in the thermal diffusion of a solitary wave in the anisotropic Heisenberg spin chain (HSC) with nearest-neighbor exchange interactions. The shape of the solitary wave is approximated by soliton solutions of the continuum HSC with on-site anisotropy, restricting ourselves to large width excitations. Temperature is simulated by white noise coupled to the system. The noise affects the shape and position of the solitary wave and produces magnons. Using implicit collective variables we describe the former effects and neglect magnons (i.e. we use the so-called adiabatic approximation). We derive stochastic equations of motion for the collective variables which we treat both analytically and numerically. Predictions for the mean values and the variances of the variables obtained from these equations are compared with the corresponding results from spin dynamics simulations. For the soliton position we find reasonable agreement between spin dynamics and the results of the collective variable treatment, whereas we observe deviations for the other collective variables. The stochastic dynamics of the position shows both a standard Brownian and a super-diffusive component. These results are analogous to results for the isotropic case, previously studied by some of the authors. In the present article we discuss in particular how the anisotropy enters the stochastic equations of motion and the quantitative changes it causes to the diffusion.
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    Local waiting times in critical systems (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 407-414 
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    Notes: Abstract. The quiet times at a fixed point in space are investigated in a system close to or at a non-equilibrium phase transition. The statistics for such first-return times follow from the universality class of the dynamics and the ensemble: for a power-law waiting time distribution the exponent depends on the dimension and the underlying model. We study the two-dimensional Manna sandpile, with both the continously driven self-organized version and the tuned one. The latter has an absorbing state or depinning phase transition at a critical value of the control parameter. The connection to a driven interface in a random medium gives the exponent of the waiting time distribution. In the open ensemble, differences ensue due to the spatial inhomogeneity and the properties of the driving signal. For both ensembles, the waiting time distributions are found to exhibit logarithmic corrections to scaling.
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    Preface (2004)
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    The European physical journal 20 (2004), S. A13 
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    Modelling nucleon-nucleon scattering above 1 GeV (2004)
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    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 105-117 
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    Notes: Abstract. Motivated by the recent measurement of proton-proton spin-correlation parameters up to 2.5GeV laboratory energy, we investigate models for nucleon-nucleon (NN) scattering above 1GeV. Signatures for a gradual failure of the traditional meson model with increasing energy can be clearly identified. Since spin effects are large up to tens of GeV, perturbative QCD cannot be invoked to fix the problems. We discuss various theoretical scenarios and come to the conclusion that we do not have a clear phenomenological understanding of the spin dependence of the NN interaction above 1GeV.
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    Photoproduction of $\eta$ -mesons on protons in the resonance region: The background problem and the third S 11-resonance (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 97-104 
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    Notes: Abstract. We have constructed an isobar model for the $\eta$ -photoproduction on the proton in the energy region up to the photon lab energy K 0 = 3 GeV. The database involved into the fitting procedure includes precise results for the cross-section and for the T-asymmetry of the process $\gamma p\to\eta p$ near threshold obtained at MAMI and ELSA as well as recent results for the $\Sigma$ -asymmetry and for the angular distribution measured at higher energies in Grenoble and also more recent measurements performed at JLab for the photon energies up to 2 GeV. The model includes twelve nucleon resonances: S 11(1535), S 11(1650), S 11(1825), P 11(1440), P 13(1720), D 13(1520), D 15(1675), F 15(1680), F 17(1990), G 17(2190), G 19(2250), H 19(2220), and the background consisting of the nucleon pole term and the vector meson exchange in the t-channel. To explain the observed energy dependence of the integrated cross-section, two s-wave resonances, S 11(1650) and S 11(1825), have to be taken into account along with the dominating S 11(1535). The integrated cross-section as well as the angular distribution and $\Sigma$ -asymmetry predicted by the model are in good agreement with the data. Above the photon energy K 0 = 2 GeV, the calculated cross-section exhibits an appreciable dependence on the $\rho$ - and $\omega$ -meson contribution, whose coupling with nucleons is not well defined. Several versions of extending the model to higher energies are considered.
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    Extraction of the pion-nucleon sigma-term from the spectrum of exotic baryons (2004)
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    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 89-95 
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    Notes: Abstract. The pion-nucleon sigma-term is extracted on the basis of the soliton picture of the nucleon from the mass spectrum of usual and the recently observed exotic baryons, assuming that they have positive parity. The value found is consistent with that inferred by means of conventional methods from pion-nucleon scattering data. The study can also be considered as a phenomenological consistency check of the soliton picture of baryons.
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    The influence of the entrance channel dynamics on the evaporation residue formation (2004)
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    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 75-87 
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    Notes: Abstract. The dynamical effects of the entrance channel on the competition between quasifission and fusion processes, and on the evaporation residue formation are investigated. We have analyzed the results and compared our calculations with the experimental data obtained in the 16 O + 204 Pb and 96 Zr + 124 Sn reactions having very different mass asymmetries and leading to the 220 Th * compound nucleus. We have found that different partial capture cross-sections $\sigma_\ell^{\rm cap}(E)$ for these reactions lead to different fusion-quasifission competitions and, consequently, to different partial fusion cross-sections $\sigma_\ell^{\rm fus}(E)$ of the compound nucleus formed in the two reactions. The dynamical conditions also affect the fission-evaporation competition of the excited intermediate nuclei along the CN de-excitation cascade and, consequently, the evaporation residue formation.
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    Beta decays with momentum space Majorana spinors (2004)
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    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 149-155 
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    Notes: Abstract. We construct and apply to $\beta $ decays a truly neutral local quantum field that is entirely based upon momentum space Majorana spinors. We make the observation that theory with momentum space Majorana spinors of real C parities is equivalent to Dirac’s theory. For imaginary C parities, the neutrino mass can drop out from the single $\beta $ decay trace and reappear in $0\nu \beta\beta $ , a curious and in principle experimentally testable signature for a non-trivial impact of Majorana framework in polarization experiments.
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    A precision measurement of pp elastic scattering cross-sections at intermediate energies (2004)
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    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 125-148 
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    Notes: Abstract. We have measured differential cross-sections for \ensuremath{\rm pp} elastic scattering with internal fiber targets in the recirculating beam of the proton synchrotron COSY. Measurements were made continuously during acceleration for projectile kinetic energies between 0.23 and 2.59 GeV in the angular range $30^{\circ} \leq \theta_{\rm c.m.} \leq 90^{\circ}$ . Details of the apparatus and the data analysis are given and the resulting excitation functions and angular distributions presented. The precision of each data point is typically better than 4%, and a relative normalization uncertainty of only 2.5% within an excitation function has been reached. The impact on phase shift analysis as well as upper bounds on possible resonant contributions in lower partial waves are discussed.
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    Possible explanation of fine structures in mass-energy distribution of fission fragments (2004)
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    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 51-60 
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    Notes: Abstract. Within an improved scission point model, experimental data on the relative yield, mean value and variance of the total kinetic-energy distribution of fission fragments are described. It is shown that for a fixed mass and charge fragmentation, the potential energy of the scission configuration has several minima as a function of the deformation parameters of the fragments. The scission at these minima leads to a relatively enhanced yield of the fragments with a certain TKE and creates fine structures in the TKE-mass distribution which are different from those produced by the odd-even effect.
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    K-Mixing and fast decay of a seven-quasiparticle isomer in 179Ta (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 23-27 
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    Notes: Abstract. A seven-quasiparticle isomer with $K^{\pi} = (49 /2^ + )$ and T 1/2 = 53 ( + 3 -7) ns has been identified in 179Ta. By comparing its excitation energy with results from multi-quasiparticle calculations that include the effects of blocking and residual nucleon-nucleon interactions, the isomer is assigned the $\pi^{3}$ (5/2 + [402], 7/2 + [404], $9/2^{-}[514]) \otimes \nu^{4}$ (5/2-[512], 7/2-[514], 7/2-[503], 9/2 + [624]) configuration. The decay of this isomer is found to be unusually fast, a feature that is attributed to a mixing with a specific collective level. The interaction strength is found to be orders of magnitude lower than that observed between interacting collective levels.
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    $1/2^ + uudd\bar s$ pentaquark and instanton-induced forces (2004)
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    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 1-3 
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    Notes: Abstract. The mass of the 1/2 + $uudd\bar s$ pentaquark is calculated within the framework of a semirelativistic effective Hamiltonian approach to QCD with instanton-induced forces, using a diquark picture. This approximation allows a correct treatment of the confinement, assumed here to be a Y-junction. With the [ud] diquark mass fitted on the $\Lambda$ -baryon, the ground-state pentaquark is found around 2.2 GeV.
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    Observation of bound excited states in 15B (2004)
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    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 5-8 
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    Notes: Abstract. The structure of the A/Z = 3 nucleus 15B has been investigated using the in-beam $\gamma$ -spectroscopy technique with a fragmentation reaction of a 36S beam on a 9Be target at 77.5 ${\rm MeV}\cdot A$ . The fragments were identified and selected by their energy loss and time of flight using the SPEG spectrograph. $\gamma$ -ray energies and intensities have been measured in coincidence with the projectile-like fragments. From this information as well as from the $\gamma\gamma$ -coincidence relationships a level scheme is proposed for 15B up to the neutron separation energy. The experimental results have been interpreted using shell model calculations in the psd valence space. Effects of the weakly bound nature of the valence neutrons have been observed.
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    Predictions of the residue cross-sections for the elements Z = 113 and Z = 114 (2004)
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    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 9-12 
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    Notes: Abstract. A good reproduction of experimental excitation functions is obtained for the 1n reactions producing the elements with Z = 108, 110, 111 and 112 by the combined usage of the two-step model for fusion and the statistical decay code KEWPIE. Furthermore, the model provides reliable predictions of productions of the elements with Z = 113 and Z = 114 which will be a useful guide for plannings of experiments.
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    Relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov description of deformed light nuclei (2004)
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    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 37-45 
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    Notes: Abstract. The Relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov model is applied in the analysis of ground-state properties of Be, B, C, N, F, Ne and Na isotopes. The model uses the NL3 effective interaction in the mean-field Lagrangian, and describes pairing correlations by the pairing part of the finite-range Gogny interaction D1S. Neutron separation energies, quadrupole deformations, nuclear matter radii, and differences in radii of proton and neutron distributions are compared with recent experimental data.
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    Study of N = Z nuclei in variation-after-projection framework (2004)
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    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 13-16 
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    Notes: Abstract. Variation-after-projection (VAP) calculations in conjunction with the Hartree- Bogoliubov (HB) ansatz have been carried out for A = 68-88, N = Z nuclei. In this framework, the yrast spectra with $J^{\pi} \leqslant 10^{ + } $ , B(E2) transition probabilities and deformation parameter ( $\beta_{2}$ ) have been obtained. A pairing interaction for like particles as well as protons and neutrons has been included in the model for a two-body interaction.
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    Changes in the mean square charge radii of neutron-deficient europium isotopes measured by the laser ion source resonance ionization spectroscopy (2004)
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    The European physical journal 22 (2004), S. 69-74 
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    Notes: Abstract. The laser ion source has been used for the study of the isotope shifts of neutron-deficient Eu isotopes. The extension of the region of applicability of the method by using the $\gamma $ - and $\beta$ -radiation detection is reported. We have measured the isotope shifts of the europium optical line 576.520 nm for $^{137\mbox{--}139,141,142m,143,144}{\rm Eu}$ . To increase the laser ion source efficiency an axial magnetic field (350 gauss) was applied. Nearly a twofold rise of the ionization efficiency for Eu was observed. By using the effect of optical ion bunching an increase of the selectivity was obtained. The isotope shift data for $^{139,141,142m,143,144}{\rm Eu}$ are in agreement with the previously measured isotope shifts for these nuclides. The new data for $^{137}{\rm Eu}$ and refined data for $^{138}{\rm Eu}$ point to a gradual increase of the deformation for these isotopes. Comparisons with microscopic-macroscopic calculations and calculations in the framework of the Hartree-Fock model were performed.
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    Stability analysis of fronts in a tristable reaction-diffusion system (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 423-429 
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    Notes: Abstract. A stability analysis is performed analytically for the tristable reaction-diffusion equation, in which a quintic reaction term is approximated by a piecewise linear function. We obtain growth rate equations for two basic types of propagating fronts, monotonous and nonmonotonous ones. Their solutions show that the monotonous front is stable whereas the nonmonotonous one is unstable. It is found that there are two values of the growth rate for the most dangerous modes (corresponding to the longest possible wavelengths), $\omega = 0$ and $\omega 〈 0$ , for the monotonous front, so that at $\omega = 0$ the perturbation eigenfunction is positive whereas when $\omega 〈 0$ it changes sign. It is also noted that the eigenvalue $\omega = 0$ becomes negative in an inhomogeneous system with a particular (stabilizing) inhomogeneity. Counting arguments for the number of eigenmodes of the linear stability operator are presented.
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    The phase diagram of the multi-dimensional Anderson localization via analytic determination of Lyapunov exponents (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 529-542 
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    Notes: Abstract. The method proposed by the present authors to deal analytically with the problem of Anderson localization via disorder [J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14, 13777 (2002)] is generalized for higher spatial dimensions D. In this way the generalized Lyapunov exponents for diagonal correlators of the wave function, 〈 ψ2n,m 〉, can be calculated analytically and exactly. This permits to determine the phase diagram of the system. For all dimensions D 〉 2 one finds intervals in the energy and the disorder where extended and localized states coexist: the metal-insulator transition should thus be interpreted as a first-order transition. The qualitative differences permit to group the systems into two classes: low-dimensional systems (2≤D ≤3), where localized states are always exponentially localized and high-dimensional systems (D≥ Dc=4), where states with non-exponential localization are also formed. The value of the upper critical dimension is found to be D0=6 for the Anderson localization problem; this value is also characteristic of a related problem – percolation.
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    An analytical approach to neuronal connectivity (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 573-580 
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. This paper describes how to analytically characterize the connectivity of neuromorphic networks taking into account the morphology of their elements. By assuming that all neurons have the same shape and are regularly distributed along a two-dimensional orthogonal lattice with parameter Δ, we obtain the exact number of connections and cycles of any length by applying convolutions and the respective spectral density derived from the adjacency matrix. It is shown that neuronal shape plays an important role in defining the spatial distribution of synapses in neuronal networks. In addition, we observe that neuromorphic networks typically present an interesting property where the pattern of connections is progressively shifted along the spatial domain for increasing connection lengths. This arises from the fact that the axon reference point usually does not coincide with the cell center of mass of neurons. Morphological measurements for characterization of the spatial distribution of connections, including the adjacency matrix spectral density and the lacunarity of the connections, are suggested and illustrated. We also show that Hopfield networks with connectivity defined by different neuronal morphologies, which are quantified by the analytical approach proposed herein, lead to distinct performances for associative recall, as measured by the overlap index. The potential of our approach is illustrated for digital images of real neuronal cells.
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    Phonon spectra and heat capacity of Li2B4O7 and LiB3O5 crystals (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 461-466 
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    Notes: Abstract. The results of calculations of the phonon dispersion, the vibrational density of states and the heat capacity of lithium tetraborate and lithium triborate crystals are presented. They are obtained in the framework of a potential model that takes into account the non-equivalence of boron atoms in different structural positions (BO3 and BO4 units). A symmetry analysis of the phonon modes at Γ point was performed, and calculated frequencies are compared to experimental spectra. Analysis of Li contributions to the vibrational density of states reveals that the Li-O bonds in both crystals are relatively weak. This is in line with the experimentally observed high mobility of lithium ions at high temperatures. A good agreement between calculated and measured heat capacities from the literature was obtained.
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    Subcritical behavior in the alternating supercritical Domany-Kinzel dynamics (2004)
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    The European physical journal 40 (2004), S. 313-319 
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    Notes: Abstract. Cellular automata are widely used to model real-world dynamics. We show using the Domany-Kinzel probabilistic cellular automata that alternating two supercritical dynamics can result in subcritical dynamics in which the population dies out. The analysis of the original and reduced models reveals generality of this paradoxical behavior, which suggests that autonomous or man-made periodic or random environmental changes can cause extinction in otherwise safe population dynamics. Our model also realizes another scenario for the Parrondo’s paradox to occur, namely, spatial extensions.
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    Engineering quantum decoherence of charge qubit via a nanomechanical resonator (2004)
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    The European physical journal 40 (2004), S. 321-326 
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    Notes: Abstract. We propose a theoretical scheme to observe the loss of quantum coherence through the coupling of the superconducting charge qubit system to a nanomechanical resonator (NAMR), which has already been successfully fabricated in experiment and is convenient to manipulate. With a similar form to the usual cavity QED system, this qubit-NAMR composite system with engineered coupling exhibits the collapse and revival phenomenon in a progressive decoherence process. Corresponding to the two components of superposition of the two charge eigenstates, the state of the nanomechanical resonator evolves simultaneously towards two distinct quasi-classical states. Therefore the generalized “which way” detection by the NAMR induces the quantum decoherence of the charge qubit.
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    Electronic structures and bonding of oxygen on plutonium layers (2004)
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    The European physical journal 40 (2004), S. 337-346 
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    Notes: Abstract. Oxygen adsorptions on $\delta $ -Pu (100) and (111) surfaces have been studied at both non-spin-polarized and spin-polarized levels using the generalized gradient approximation of density functional theory (GGA-DFT) with Perdew and Wang (PW) functionals. The center position of the (100) surface is found to be the most favorable site with chemisorption energies of 7.386 eV and 7.080 eV at the two levels of theory. The distances of the oxygen adatom from the Pu surface are found to be 0.92 Å and 1.02 Å, respectively. For the (111) surface non-spin-polarized calculations, the center position is also the preferred site with a chemisorption energy of 7.070 eV and the distance of the adatom being 1.31 Å, but for spin-polarized calculations the bridge and the center sites are found to be basically degenerate, the difference in chemisorption energies being only 0.021 eV. In general, due to the adsorption of oxygen, plutonium 5f orbitals are pushed further below the Fermi energy, compared to the bare plutonium layers. The work function, in general, increases due to oxygen adsorption on plutonium surfaces.
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    On the relationship between the temperature and the geometry of the two-dimensional superconducting system (2004)
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    The European physical journal 40 (2004), S. 251-258 
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    Notes: Abstract. A set of vortices in the superconducting system being a two-dimensional region with a boundary has been considered. Here the system under study is described by the model of the Ginzburg-Landau potential in the dual point. This model predicts that in the bounded superconducting system non-interacting vortices appear. These vortices make the absolute minima of this potential. It turned out that in the thermodynamic equilibrium for the fixed number of vortices, the temperature of the system and the geometry of the boundary are related to each other. The simultaneous change of the temperature of the system and of the geometry of the boundary has been investigated under the assumption that the number of vortices is fixed. In the case of the flat disc the explicit form of the temperature vs. area relation has been obtained for two different boundary conditions.
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    On a dynamical-like replica-symmetry-breaking scheme for the spin glass (2004)
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    The European physical journal 40 (2004), S. 295-299 
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    Notes: Abstract. Considering the unphysical result obtained in the calculation of the free-energy cost for twisting the boundary conditions in a spin glass, we trace it to the negative multiplicities associated with the Parisi replica-symmetry breaking (RSB). We point out that a distinct RSB, that keeps positive multiplicities, was proposed long ago, in the spirit of an ultra-long time dynamical approach due to Sompolinsky. For an homogeneous bulk system, both RSB schemes are known to yield identical free energies and observables. However, using the dynamical RSB, we have recalculated the twist free energy at the mean-field level. The free-energy cost of this twist is, as expected, positive in that scheme, as it should.
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    Magnetocaloric effect in transition metals based compounds: a theoretical approach (2004)
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    The European physical journal 40 (2004), S. 259-264 
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    Notes: Abstract. In this paper we study the magnetocaloric effect in transition metals based compounds. For this purpose, we use a microscopical model, based on the band theory of magnetism, where the magnetic lattice is coupled with the crystalline lattice and with the external magnetic field. We apply the model to calculate the magnetocaloric effect in the compound MnAs, which undergoes a first order magnetic phase transition. The theoretically calculated isothermal entropy changes and the adiabatic temperature changes upon magnetic field variation exhibit a good agreement with the available experimental data.
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    Magnetization reversal measurements in mesoscopic amorphous magnets by magneto-optical Kerr effect (2004)
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    The European physical journal 40 (2004), S. 463-470 
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    Notes: Abstract. A magneto-optical setup based on the transverse Kerr effect has been designed to study the magnetization reversal processes by vector magnetometry in arrays of magnetic nanostructures with a reduced total volume. This system allows the measurement of both the parallel and perpendicular to the field components of the magnetization. It has been used to analyze the behavior of amorphous Co x Si1-x lines fabricated by electron beam lithography that present a very well defined shape induced uniaxial anisotropy. When the field is applied near to the hard direction, coherent rotation processes are found to occur with a collapse of this reversal mode at fields very close to the hard axis that allows to estimate the very low anisotropy dispersion of these samples. The analysis of the vector hysteresis loops reveals that the magnetization switches via an incoherent process that starts prior to the Stoner-Wohlfarth instability and that can be described in terms of a localized curling-like reversal mode.
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    Defects in graphite may be magnetic and magnetostrictive as revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy (2004)
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    The European physical journal 40 (2004), S. 499-504 
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    Notes: Abstract. We use scanning tunneling microscopy to measure magnetic field induced strains in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. This is done by using a scanning tunneling microscope with some magnetic components, which however do not produce an observable response within our resolution in the case of pure (99.999%) paramagnetic or diamagnetic metals (at the low field strengths applied). We study also ferromagnetic metals with this method for comparison. We find a relatively large (similar to that of permalloy) magnetostrictive response of graphite for the low applied field. The data shows saturation of the strain and also that the strain observed is localized and is not the cumulative strain from the mounted edge of the sample to the position of measurement, implying that volume is not conserved with the strains. We believe that the observed strains correspond to a signal of a ferromagnetic material and in this case may be due to the defects observed on the graphite planes.
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    Two-cycles in spin-systems: sequential versus synchronous updating in multi-state Ising-type ferromagnets (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 397-406 
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    Notes: Abstract. Hamiltonians for general multi-state spin-glass systems with Ising symmetry are derived for both sequential and synchronous updating of the spins. The possibly different behaviour caused by the way of updating is studied in detail for the (anti)-ferromagnetic version of the models, which can be solved analytically without any approximation, both thermodynamically via a free-energy calculation and dynamically using the generating functional approach. Phase diagrams are discussed and the appearance of two-cycles in the case of synchronous updating is examined. A comparative study is made for the Q-Ising and the Blume-Emery-Griffiths ferromagnets and some interesting physical differences are found. Numerical simulations confirm the results obtained.
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    Anisotropic field dependence of the magnetic transition in Cu2Te2O5Br2 (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 549-553 
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    Notes: Abstract. In this paper, we present the results of measurements of the thermal conductivity of Cu2Te2O5Br2, a compound where tetrahedra of Cu2+ ions carrying S=1/2 spins form chains along the c-axis of the tetragonal crystal structure. The thermal conductivity κ was measured along both the c- and the a-direction as a function of temperature between 3 and 300 K and in external magnetic fields H up to 69 kOe, oriented both parallel and perpendicular to the c-axis. Distinct features of κ(T) were observed in the vicinity of TN=11.4 K in zero magnetic field. These features are unaltered in external fields which are parallel to the c-axis, but are more pronounced when a field is applied perpendicularly to the c-axis. The transition temperature increases upon enhancing the external field, but only if the field is oriented along the a-axis.
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    Localized spin modes on the insulating antiferromagnetic stepped surface model (2004)
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    The European physical journal 41 (2004), S. 123-133 
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    Notes: Abstract. We present a numerical method to calculate the spin fluctuation dynamics on a stepped surface. The model discussed here consists of an extended antiferromagnetic surface step at the surface boundary of an insulating antiferromagnetic substrate. The stepped surface is formed by two straight steps dropped randomly and the spins moments of the steps and the substrate are considered as local with no electronic effects. The full magnetic problem arising from the absence of translational symmetry due to the presence of a magnetic surface and steps is considered and studied. The calculations concern in particular the energies of localized spin-wave modes near the surface steps and employ the matching procedure in the random-phase approximation and mean field approximation. Only the nearest-neighbor exchange interactions are considered between the spins in the model. The analytical formalism presented here is adapted from an earlier work on the vibrational spectra of two isolated steps, a structure that can be considered as a low dimensional system and solved for the three dimensional evanescent crystal spin field in the bulk and the surface domains around the steps. This spin field arises from the breakdown of the magnetic translation symmetry of the system. The results are used to calculate the spin mode energies associated with the steps and surface terraces. We show the presence of localized acoustic and optical spin wave modes propagating along the surface and the steps as well as the interface surface-steps, their fields are also described as evanescent in the plane normal to the surface step layers and depend on the nature of the exchange interaction near the steps.
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    Folded localized excitations of the (2+1)-dimensional (M+N)-component AKNS system (2004)
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    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 581-589 
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    Notes: Abstract. Starting from the standard truncated Painlevé expansion and a multilinear variable separation approach, a quite general variable separation solution of the (2+1)-dimensional (M+N)-component AKNS (Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur) system is derived. In addition to the single-valued localized coherent soliton excitations like dromions, breathers, instantons, peakons, and a previously revealed chaotic localized solution, a new type of multi-valued (folded) localized excitation is obtained by introducing some appropriate lower-dimensional multiple valued functions. The folded phenomenon is quite universal in the real natural world and possesses quite rich structures and abundant interaction properties.
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    Ba $\mathsf{_{0.1}}$ Sr $\mathsf{_{0.9}}$ TiO $\mathsf{_{3}}$ -BaTi $\mathsf{_{4}}$ O $\mathsf{_{9}}$ composite thin films with improved microwave dielectric properties (2004)
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    The European physical journal 41 (2004), S. 201-205 
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    Notes: Abstract. Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3-BaTi4O9 composite thin films with different BaTi4O9 concentrations were deposited on (100) LaAlO3 (LAO) single crystal substrates via a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) using a combined target configuration of Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3 and BaTi4O9 ceramics. The Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3-BaTi4O9 thin films showed good crystal growth with c-orientation on (100) LAO substrates, which were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). From scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements, we could see that the crystal grains of the Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3-BaTi4O9 thin films changed from small ordered clusters to big triangle clusters with the increase of BaTi4O9 concentration. The microwave dielectric properties of the Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3-BaTi4O9 thin films under low temperature range from 65 to 120 K were measured at 7.7 Ghz and the results showed that all the thin films were in the paraelectric state. The dielectric constant and loss tangent of the Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3-BaTi4O9 thin films were modified by the addition of BaTi4O9. Specifically, the loss tangent of the composite thin films was greatly decreased from 0.025 for pure Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3 to 0.020 for the 4.7% BaTi4O9 doped Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3, and finally to 0.010 for the 15.9% BaTi4O9 doped Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3 sample.
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    Pair correlations and interaction energies in FePd single crystal (2004)
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    The European physical journal 41 (2004), S. 207-212 
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    Notes: Abstract. Diffuse neutron scattering measurements were carried out in a FePd single crystal at 1020 K in the (100) and (110) reciprocal planes. The diffuse intensity is nearly symmetric, showing that the static displacements are small. A set of displacement and short-range order parameters have been fitted to the measured data using a least square procedure. The short-range order parameters have been used in conjunction with an inverse cluster variation method to deduce the pair interaction energies. A strong attractive interaction between second nearest-neighbour like atoms is found.
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    Self-focusing magnetostatic beams in thin magnetic films (2004)
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    The European physical journal 41 (2004), S. 219-222 
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    Notes: Abstract. The possibility of generation of stable self-focusing beams in in-plane magnetized thin magnetic films is considered, and theoretical conditions for the existence of such localized solutions are discussed. It is shown that for the definite direction between static magnetizing field and preferential direction of radiation from a microwave antenna, the problem reduces to the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation. For such angles it is possible to generate stable self-focusing beams. Particular values of beam width and propagation angles versus magnitude of magnetizing field are calculated in order to suggest a realistic experimental setup for the observing the discovered effect.
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    Magnetocaloric effect in ordered double-perovskite Ba $_\mathsf{2}$ FeMoO $_\mathsf{6}$ synthesized using wet chemistry (2004)
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    The European physical journal 41 (2004), S. 213-217 
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    Notes: Abstract. Double perovskite Ba2FeMoO6 has been prepared by a wet chemistry method and its magnetocaloric effect has been studied. The Ba2FeMoO6 sample, consisting of crystallites with diameter of 130 nm and average aspect ratio of 15, exhibits a sharp magnetic transition. The maximum of the magnetic entropy change peaks at its Curie temperature (340 K), and a large magnetic entropy change ( $\sim$ 1.54 J/kg K, or $\sim$ 0.081 J/mol (atoms) K) is obtained upon 10 kOe applied magnetic field change. For comparison, the magnetic properties of Ba2FeMoO6 prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction was also investigated.
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    Modelling one-dimensional driven diffusive systems by the Zero-Range Process (2004)
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    The European physical journal 41 (2004), S. 223-230 
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    Notes: Abstract. The recently introduced correspondence between one-dimensional two-species driven models and the Zero-Range Process is extended to study the case where the densities of the two species need not be equal. The correspondence is formulated through the length dependence of the current emitted from a particle domain. A direct numerical method for evaluating this current is introduced, and used to test the assumptions underlying this approach. In addition, a model for isolated domain dynamics is introduced, which provides a simple way to calculate the current also for the non-equal density case. This approach is demonstrated and applied to a particular two-species model, where a phase separation transition line is calculated.
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    q-Integration on quantum spaces (2004)
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    The European physical journal 32 (2004), S. 281-297 
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    Notes: Abstract. In this article we present explicit formulae for q-integration on quantum spaces which could be of particular importance in physics, i.e., q-deformed Minkowski space and q-deformed Euclidean space in three or four dimensions. Furthermore, our formulae can be regarded as a generalization of Jackson’s q-integral to three or four dimensions and provide a new possibility for an integration over the whole space being invariant under translations and rotations.
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    No UV/IR mixing in unitary space-time non-commutative field theory (2004)
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    The European physical journal 32 (2004), S. 269-280 
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    Notes: Abstract. In this article we calculate several divergent amplitudes in $\phi^4$ -theory on non-commutative space-time ( $\Theta_{0i} \neq 0$ ) in the framework of interaction-point time-ordered perturbation theory (IPTOPT), continuing work done in hep-th/0209253. On the ground of these results we find corresponding Feynman rules that allow for a much easier diagrammatic calculation of amplitudes. The most important feature of the present theory is the absence of the UV/IR mixing problem in all amplitudes calculated so far. Although we are not yet able to give a rigorous proof, we provide a strong argument for this result to hold in general. Together with the Feynman rules we found, this opens promising vistas onto the systematic renormalization of non-commutative field theories.
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    Final results from DELPHI on the searches for SM and MSSM neutral Higgs bosons (2004)
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    The European physical journal 32 (2004), S. 145-183 
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    Notes: Abstract. These final results from DELPHI searches for the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson, together with benchmark scans of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) neutral Higgs bosons, used data taken at centre-of-mass energies between 200 and 209 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 224 pb-1. The data from 192 to 202 GeV are reanalysed with improved b-tagging for MSSM final states decaying to four b-quarks. The 95% confidence level lower mass bound on the Standard Model Higgs boson is 114.1 GeV/c 2. Limits are also given on the lightest scalar and pseudo-scalar Higgs bosons of the MSSM.
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    Lepton flavor violating Z-decays in supersymmetric seesaw model (2004)
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    The European physical journal 32 (2004), S. 245-252 
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    Notes: Abstract. In the supersymmetric seesaw model, large flavor mixings of sleptons induce the lepton flavor violating (LFV) interactions $\ell_I \bar\ell_J V$ ( $V = \gamma, Z$ ), which give rise to various LFV processes. In this work we examine the LFV decays $Z\to\ell_I \bar\ell_J$ . Subject to the constraints from the existing neutrino oscillation data and the experimental bounds on the decays $\ell_J\to\ell_I\gamma$ , these LFV Z-decays are found to be sizable, and among them the largest-rate channel $Z\to \tau \bar{\mu}$ can occur with a branching ratio of 10-8 and may be accessible at the LHC or GigaZ experiment.
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    CP violation in the 3 jet and 4 jet decays of the Z boson at GigaZ (2004)
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    The European physical journal 32 (2004), S. 253-260 
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    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We review CP-violating effects in $Z \rightarrow 3$ jet and $Z \rightarrow$ 4 jet decays, assuming the presence of CP-violating effective $Z b \bar{b} G$ and $Z b \bar{b} G G$ couplings. Longitudinal beam polarization is included in the studies. We propose a direct search for such CP-violating couplings by using various CP-odd observables. The data of a future linear collider running at the Z-resonance in the so-called GigaZ option should give significant information on the couplings. Finally we show that stringent bounds on the mass of excited b quarks can be derived if appropriate couplings are of a size characteristic of a strong interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s2003-01369-y
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    Electronic Resource
    b-tagging in DELPHI at LEP (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 32 (2004), S. 185-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The standard method used for tagging b-hadrons in the DELPHI experiment at the CERN LEP Collider is discussed in detail. The main ingredient of b-tagging is the impact parameters of tracks, which relies mostly on the vertex detector. Additional information, such as the mass of particles associated to a secondary vertex, significantly improves the selection efficiency and the background suppression. The paper describes various discriminating variables used for the tagging and the procedure of their combination. In addition, applications of b-tagging to some physics analyses, which depend crucially on the performance and reliability of b-tagging, are described briefly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s2003-01441-8
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