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  • Cats  (37)
  • Structure-Activity Relationship  (35)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (72)
  • 1975-1979  (72)
  • 1940-1944
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (72)
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  • 1
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    Pituitary-brain vascular relations: a new paradigm (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: Vascular casts of the pituitary gland have demonstrated a paucity of veins extending from the adenohypophysis to the systemic circulation and have suggested that some adenohypophyseal venous blood returns to the neurohypophysis. The neurohypophyseal capillary bed may function as a vascular switch and in this article a series of 14 questions are proposed regarding the vascular dynamics of the pituitary. Together these questions raise the larger question, namely, whether pituitary hormones are transported directly to the brain to modify brain function?〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergland, R M -- Page, R B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):18-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/373118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arteriovenous Anastomosis/anatomy & histology ; Capillaries/anatomy & histology ; Cats ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Dogs ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/blood supply ; Pituitary Gland/*blood supply ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/blood supply ; Rats ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Comparative biochemistry and drug design for infectious disease (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: In the past two decades, biochemistry and molecular biology have demonstrated the existence of potentially exploitable biochemical differences between etiologic agents of disease and their hosts. Known differences between organism and host with respect to metabolism and polymer structure point to the detailed characterization of key proteins as the focus for the development of potential inhibitors. In the last decade, the methodology of the isolation, characterization, and inactivation of proteins and enzymes has been advanced. The present scientific and technological base suggests that new efforts toward the development of selective chemotherapeutic agents for infections caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and higher eukaryotes should exploit the known differences in proteins or other specific biopolymers serving crucial structural or metabolic roles in the economy of the parasite.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, S S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):964-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Anti-Bacterial Agents ; *Antiviral Agents ; Communicable Diseases/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Mycobacterium leprae/metabolism ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Trypanosomiasis/drug therapy ; Vidarabine/pharmacology ; Viral Proteins/biosynthesis ; Virus Replication/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Visual resolution and receptive field size: examination of two kinds of cat retinal ganglion cell (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: Intraocular recordings from brisk-sustained and brisk-transient ganglion cells in the cat's retina revealed a systematic increase in center size and decrease in spatial cut-off frequency with increasing distance from the area centralis. At any one eccentricity sizes of the centers of sustained and transient cells did not overlap, and the variation in cut-off frequency for each class was constrained to about one-half octave.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cleland, B G -- Harding, T H -- Tulunay-Keesey, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1015-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472720" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; Ganglia/physiology ; Retina/cytology/*physiology ; Vision, Ocular/*physiology ; *Visual Fields
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Amino acid sequence homology between histone H5 and murine leukemia virus phosphoprotein p12 (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-30
    Description: The amino terminal acid sequences of several mouse leukemia virus phosphoproteins (p12) show definite homology with the amino terminal conserved region of H5 histones, the phosphorylated nuclear proteins of nucleated erythrocytes. Differences in the amino acid compositions of the two groups of proteins seem to rule out the possibility that they evolved from a single common ancestral gene. The finding of sequence homology between viral p12's and cellular histones, however, is consistent with evolution of retrovirus structural proteins by a process of differentiation from preexisting cellular genes. The conserved primary and secondary structure at the amino terminal region, common to both groups of proteins, may be related to their common function of nucleic acid binding modulated by phosphorylation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Henderson, L E -- Gilden, R V -- Oroszlan, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 30;203(4387):1346-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/218289" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins ; Cell Nucleus/analysis ; Chickens/blood ; Erythrocytes/analysis ; Geese/blood ; *Histones ; Leukemia Virus, Murine/*analysis ; Nucleic Acids/metabolism ; *Phosphoproteins ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; *Viral Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Thiourea reverses cross-links and restores biological activity in DNA treated with dichlorodiaminoplatinum (II) (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: Cis and trans dichlorodiaminoplatinum (II) compounds bind to DNA and form DNA cross-links, which are usually considered to be irreversible. Thiourea can reverse these cross-links without any apparent breakdown of the DNA. In addition, cis- and trans-Pt (II) treatment of lambda decreases its transfectivity. After suitable incubation with thiourea, full transfectivity of Pt(II)-treated lambda DNA can be restored.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Filipski, J -- Kohn, K W -- Prather, R -- Bonner, W M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):181-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/571145" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Coliphages ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/metabolism ; Leukemia L1210 ; Organoplatinum Compounds/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thiourea/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Structure of physiologically identified X and Y cells in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Horseradish peroxidase injected into 18 single, physiologically identified geniculate X and Y cells permitted a detailed morphological correlate to be determined for the physiological properties of each neuron. Class 1 morphological characteristics were associated with Y cells, class 3 with X cells, and class 2 structural traits were seen in both physiological types.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Friedlander, M J -- Lin, C S -- Sherman, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1114-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451559" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Geniculate Bodies/*cytology/physiology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Interneurons/cytology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Digitalis genin activity: side-group carbonyl oxygen position is a major determinant (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: The Na+,k+-adenosine triphosphatase-inhibiting activity of digitalis genins and their analogs is a function of side-group carbonyl (C = O) oxygen position. For each 2.2 angstroms that this oxygen is displaced from its position in digitoxigenin, activity drops by one order of magnitude. This quantitative relation resolves previously proposed models which have attempted to describe the molecular basis of genin activity. A multidisciplinary (crystallographic, conformational energy, synthetic, biological) approach to structure-activity relations is described.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fullerton, D S -- Yoshioka, K -- Rohrer, D C -- From, A H -- Ahmed, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):917-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/224455" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/enzymology ; Digitalis Glycosides/*pharmacology ; Molecular Conformation ; Rats ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 8
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    Cortical plasticity in monocularly deprived immobilized kittens depends on eye movement (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: A marked reduction of binocular cells in striate cortex is found if 4-week-old kittens are visually stimulated monocularly while anesthetized and held in a stereotaxic apparatus. If the kittens are paralyzed and artificially respirated, changes are not found unless an eye is moved mechanically. It appears that eye movement and visual stimulation are necessary conditions for deactivation of binocular connections, but neither is sufficient to induce such changes alone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freeman, R D -- Bonds, A B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1093-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493996" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; *Eye Movements ; Functional Laterality ; Immobilization ; Paralysis/physiopathology ; Visual Cortex/*growth & development/physiology ; Visual Pathways/*growth & development
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Muscle fiber regeneration after transplantation: prediction of structure and physiology from electromyograms (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Digitized electromyographic activity of transplanted extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles in cats differs from that of control EDL and anterior tibialis muscles lying adjacent to transplanted EDL muscles. In autotransplanted muscles, the cross-sectional area of the fibers shows a negative correlation with mean spike frequency and a positive correlation with mean amplitude. The mean frequency-amplitude products correlate with isometric tetanic tensions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gorniak, G C -- Gans, C -- Faulkner, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1085-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451552" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Electrodes ; Electromyography/methods ; Muscles/cytology/physiology/*transplantation ; *Regeneration ; Transplantation, Autologous
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    Alteration of cortical orientation selectivity: importance of asymmetric input (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Rearing cats so that each of the two eyes sees stripes of a different orientation alters the orientation preference of visual cortex cells. This result can be obtained by rearing the cats in striped cylinders or with goggles attached to their faces, but a tighter control of orientation preference is achieved by the goggles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gordon, B -- Presson, J -- Packwood, J -- Scheer, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1109-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451557" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Functional Laterality ; Orientation/*physiology ; Visual Cortex/cytology/*growth & development/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 11
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    Specific nonopiate receptors for beta-endorphin (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: Iodinated beta H-[2-D-alanine]endorphin exhibits specific binding to cultured human lymphocytes. The binding is inhibited by low concentrations of beta-endorphin and its D-alanine derivative, but is not affected by opiate agonists and antagonists, or by enkephalin analogs, beta-lipotropin, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, or alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone; this suggests the existence of a specific, non-opiate binding site (receptor) for beta-endorphin. The carboxy-terminal region of beta-endorphin is essential for this binding activity, since alpha-endorphin is not active. beta-Endorphin may be a circulating hormone with peripheral physiological effects that are not primarily mediated through interactions with opiate or enkephalin receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hazum, E -- Chang, K J -- Cuatrecasas, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1033-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/224457" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Endorphins/blood/*metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytes/*metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, Opioid/metabolism ; Stress, Physiological/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 12
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    Tissue perfusion rate determined from the decay of oxygen-15 activity after photon activation in situ (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-15
    Description: Rates of cerebral perfusion were obtained from measurements of the disappearance (wash-out) of oxygen-15 after in situ tissue activation with 45-million-volt x-rays. In an anesthetized cat, typical values were 90 milliliters per minute per 100 grams of tissue, with 55 percent wash-out. In a specific radiotherapy patient, the value was 65 milliliters per minute per 100 grams of tissue, with 63 percent wash-out of oxygen-15 through incorporation into tissue water.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hughes, W L -- Nussbaum, G H -- Connolly, R -- Emami, B -- Reilly, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1215-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*blood supply ; Cats ; Humans ; Neoplasms/blood supply ; Oxygen/*blood/radiation effects ; Oxygen Radioisotopes ; *Regional Blood Flow ; X-Rays
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Heterogeneity of vertebrate luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Radioimmunoassay and chromatography analyses of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) have demonstrated the presence of LHRH-like immunoreactive peptides in a wide range of vertebrates. Contrary to previous reports, the molecule differs in various vertebrates. Avian, reptilian, and teleostean LHRH's are chemically distinct from the mammalian peptide but are in themselves indistinguishable. However, amphibian LHRH appears to be identical to the mammalian peptide. These findings have interesting evolutionary implications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, J A -- Millar, R P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):67-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/384514" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chromatography ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*analysis/immunology ; Hypothalamus/analysis ; Radioimmunoassay ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 14
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    Lateral geniculate nucleus in dark-reared cats: loss of Y cells without changes in cell size (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-30
    Description: In cats reared in the dark from birth until 4 months of age, the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus contained few normal Y cells in either the binocular or monocular segments. Although most of the neurons appeared to be normal X cells unaffected by light deprivation, many cells with abnormal receptive field and response charcteristics were encountered. These effects were permanent, since 1 to 2 years of normal visual experience following initial light deprivation did not lead to any functional recovery. The sizes of cell bodies in cats reared in the dark were similar to those of normal animals, an indication that changes in geniculate cell physiology need not be related to changes in cell size.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kratz, K E -- Sherman, S M -- Kalil, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 30;203(4387):1353-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Darkness ; Functional Laterality ; Geniculate Bodies/*cytology/growth & development ; *Vision, Ocular ; Visual Pathways/cytology/*growth & development
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  • 15
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    A structural model for the kinetic behavior of hemoglobin (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: The tertiary structures of all liganded hemoglobins in the R state differ in detail. Steric hindrance arising from nonbonded ligand-globin interactions affects the binding of ligands such as CO and cyanide which preferentially form linear axial complexes to heme; these ligands bind in a strained off-axis configuration. Ligands such as O2 and NO, which preferentially form bent complexes, encounter less steric hindrance and can bind in their (preferred) unstrained configuration. Linear complexes distort the ligand pockets in the R state (and by inference, in the T state) more than bent complexes. These structural differences between linear and bent complexes are reflected in the kinetic behavior of hemoglobin. Structural interpretation of this kinetic behavior indicates that the relative contributions of nonbonded ligand-globin interactions and nonbonded heme interactions to transition state free energies differ for linear and bent ligands. The relative contributions of these interactions to the free energy of cooperativity may also differ for linear and bent ligands. Thus the detailed molecular mechanism by which the affinity of heme is regulated differs for different ligands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moffat, K -- Deatherage, J F -- Seybert, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1035-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Animals ; Heme/*metabolism ; Hemoglobins/metabolism ; Horses ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Oxygen/*metabolism ; Oxyhemoglobins/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Stereoisomerism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 16
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    Reversal potential for noradrenaline-induced hyperpolarization of spinal motoneurons (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-27
    Description: By using two separate electrodes with tips inside a single feline motoneuron, current-voltage characteristics were studied during extracellular iontophoresis of noradrenaline. The usually observed hyperpolarization was accompanied by an increase in membrane resistance and became larger with polarizing and smaller with depolarizing currents. During large depolarizing current injections, the noradrenaline-induced potential reversed its direction, usually at a membrane potential of about -20 millivolts. These data are compatible with the concept that noradrenaline hyperpolarizes nerve cells by decreasing resting membrane conductances to sodium and potassium ions. The observation could also be explained by a nonspecific decrease in ion permeability that is associated with a hyperpolarization due to sodium pump activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, K C -- Engberg, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 27;205(4404):422-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451613" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Norepinephrine/*pharmacology ; Potassium/metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/drug effects/*physiology
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  • 17
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    Octopamine receptors, adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate, and neural control of firefly flashing (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-05
    Description: An adenylate cyclase activated as much as 25-fold by low concentrations of octopamine has been identified in the firefly lantern. The relative potency of octopamine and various other amines in stimulating this enzyme, and effects of antagonists in blocking octopamine activation, correlate well with the known effects of these agents in affecting light production. In addition to suggesting a role for adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (or pyrophosphate) in the neural control of firefly flashing, identification of this potent enzyme should facilitate the characterization of phenylethylamine receptors in excitable tissue.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathanson, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 5;203(4375):65-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/214856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Beetles/*physiology ; Catecholamines/pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/*biosynthesis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Kinetics ; Octopamine/*pharmacology ; Phentolamine/pharmacology ; Propranolol/pharmacology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 18
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    Functional organization of lateral geniculate cells following removal of visual cortex in the newborn kitten (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: When the visual cortex of a newborn kitten is removed, most neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus degenerate, but a small population of large cells is spared. Electrophysiological recording revealed that detailed visual topography in the nucleus is abnormal and that single cells have unusually large receptive fields. These results suggest that optic axons deprived of their normal synaptic targets rearrange their connections to converge on local surviving neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murphy, E H -- Kalil, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):713-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/anatomy & histology ; Cats ; Functional Laterality ; Geniculate Bodies/*cytology ; Nerve Degeneration ; Visual Cortex/*cytology ; Visual Pathways/*cytology/growth & development
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  • 19
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    N-acetyl gramicidin: single-channel properties and implications for channel structure (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-05
    Description: Substitution of a methyl group for the N-terminal hydrogen of gramicidin greatly increased the rate of dissociation of conductive channels in lipid bilayer membranes. The finding of short lifetimes for conductive channels, comparable to those seen for the neuromuscular junction, lends support to the head-to-head dimer structure for the conductive channel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Szabo, G -- Urry, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 5;203(4375):55-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/83000" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cations, Monovalent ; Electric Conductivity ; *Gramicidin ; *Ion Channels ; Membranes, Artificial ; Models, Biological ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 20
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    Elimination of metabolic cooperation in Chinese hamster cells by a tumor promoter (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: Wild-type Chinese hamster V79 cells (6-thioguanine-sensitive) reduce the recovery of 6-thioguanine-resistant cells when they are cultured together at high densities, through a form of intercellular communication (metabolic cooperation). Cooperation is inhibited by 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate, rescuing the 6-thioguanine-resistant cells. These results may be useful in the study of an aspect of the mechanism of tumor promotion and in assaying for promoters.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yotti, L P -- Chang, C C -- Trosko, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1089-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493994" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Communication/*drug effects ; Cell Membrane/drug effects ; Cricetinae ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Resistance ; Phorbol Esters/*pharmacology ; Phorbols/*pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; Thioguanine/pharmacology
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  • 21
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    Sporozoite-induced malaria: therapeutic effects of glycolipids in liposomes (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: Liposomes containing neutral glycolipids with a terminal glucose or galactose, when injected intravenously, prevented the appearance of erythrocytic forms of malaria (Plasmodium berghei) in mice previously injected with sporozoites. Inhibitory glycolipids included glucosyl, galactosyl, or lactosyl ceramide. Inhibition was not observed with liposomes containing ceramide, phosphocholine ceramide, sulfogalactosyl ceramide (sulfatide), or ganglioside GM1. Liposomes containing glycolipids did not inhibit infection transmitted by injecting blood containing erythrocytic stages of malaria. These results may have therapeutic implications in the treatment of malaria. Analysis of the mechanism of interference with the life cycle of malaria by liposomal glycolipids may yield information about the interactions of parasites with cellular membranes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alving, C R -- Schneider, I -- Swartz, G M Jr -- Steck, E A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1142-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382358" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ceramides/therapeutic use ; Erythrocytes/parasitology ; Glycolipids/*therapeutic use ; Liposomes/therapeutic use ; Liver/parasitology ; Malaria/parasitology/*therapy ; Mice ; Plasmodium berghei ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 22
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    Physical factors affecting the mutagenicity of fly ash from a coal-fired power plant (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-25
    Description: The two finest, most respirable coal fly ash fractions collected from the smokestack of a power plant were more mutagenic than two coarser fractions. Mutagenicity was evaluated in the histidine-requiring bacterial strains TA 1538, TA 98, and TA 100 of Salmonella typhimurium. Ash samples collected from the hoppers of an electrostatic precipitator in the plant were not mutagenic. The mutagens in coal fly ash were resistant to x-ray or ultraviolet irradiation, possibly as a result of stabilization by fly ash surfaces. All mutagenic activity is lost with heating to 350 degrees C.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fisher, G L -- Chrisp, C E -- Raabe, O G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):879-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/375394" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollutants/*toxicity ; Carcinogens ; Coal ; Hot Temperature ; Industry ; *Mutagens ; *Power Plants ; Radiation Effects ; Salmonella typhimurium/drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 23
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    Space-filling models of kinase clefts and conformation changes (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-27
    Description: Space-filling models of yeast hexokinase, adenylate kinase, and phosphoglycerate kinase drawn by computer clearly portray the bilobal character of these phosphoryl transfer enzymes, and the deep cleft which is formed between the lobes. A dramatic conformational change occurs in hexokinase as glucose binds to the bottom of the cleft, which causes the two lobes of hexokinase to come together. A substrate-induced closing of the active site cleft is postulated to occur in other kinases as well. This change may provide a mechanism by which some of these enzymes reduce their inherent adenosine triphosphatase activity and could be a general requirement of the kinase reaction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, C M -- Zucker, F H -- Steitz, T A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 27;204(4391):375-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/220706" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylate Kinase ; Binding Sites ; Catalysis ; Hexokinase ; Models, Molecular ; Phosphoglycerate Kinase ; *Phosphotransferases ; Protein Conformation ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 24
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    Selective phospholipid adsorption and atherosclerosis (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-05-04
    Description: Disaturated (fully saturated) lecithins adsorb onto solid surfaces more readily than lecithins in which one or both fatty acids are unsaturated. If saturated lecithins adsorb to arterial walls as they do to glass and polystyrene surfaces, there may be increased probability of atherosclerosis when the disaturated lecithin content of plasma is elevated. Analyses of lecithins in plasma samples from patients with myocardial infarction, and from patients with premature atherosclerosis but with low concentrations of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, are consistent with the hypothesis that a high concentration of disaturated lecithin in plasma may be a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis, independent of triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gershfeld, N L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):506-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/581915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adsorption ; Adult ; Aged ; Arteriosclerosis/blood/*etiology ; Coronary Disease/*blood ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/blood ; *Phosphatidylcholines/blood ; Pulmonary Surfactants/blood ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Temperature
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  • 25
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    A synthetic pentapeptide with biological activity characteristic of the thymic hormone thymopoietin (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: The pentapeptide arginyl-lysyl-aspartyl-valyl-tyrosine, corresponding to amino acid residues 32--36 in thymopoietin, was synthesized. In vitro, this pentapeptide induced the differentiation of murine prothymocytes to thymocytes and inhibited differentiative induction of cells of the B lineage. This combination of actions is presently unique to the parent molecule thymopoietin. In vivo, the pentapeptide reduced the high numbers of autologous rosette-forming cells normally present in the spleens of athymic mice; this also is a property of thymopoietin. These results suggest that this readily synthesized pentapeptide corresponds to an active site of thymopoietin and might serve as a therapeutic substitute for thymopoietin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldstein, G -- Scheid, M P -- Boyse, E A -- Schlesinger, D H -- Van Wauwe, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1309-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451537" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Surface/analysis ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Complement System Proteins ; Isoantigens/analysis ; Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Nude/immunology ; Oligopeptides/chemical synthesis/*pharmacology ; Receptors, Drug/analysis ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thymopoietins/*pharmacology ; Thymus Hormones/*pharmacology
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  • 26
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    Response of cat inferior colliculus neurons to binaural beat stimuli: possible mechanisms for sound localization (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: The interaural phase sensitivity of neurons was studied through the use of binaural beat stimuli. The response of most cells was phase-locked to the beat frequency, which provides a possible neural correlate to the human sensation of binaural beats. In addition, this stimulus allowed the direction and rate of interaural phase change to be varied. Some neurons in our sample responded selectively to manipulations of these two variables, which suggests a sensitivity to direction or speed of movement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuwada, S -- Yin, T C -- Wickesberg, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):586-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493964" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; Inferior Colliculi/*physiology ; Motion Perception/physiology ; Orientation/*physiology ; Periodicity
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  • 27
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    Beta-adrenergic-sensitive adenylate cyclase in secretory cells of choroid plexus (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-25
    Description: Biochemical evidence supporting the sympathetic control of cerebrospinal fluid production has been obtained through identification of a specific beta-adrenergic-sensitive adenylate cyclase in the choroid plexus. The enzyme, which is localized in the secretory epithelium, is activated by low concentrations of isoproterenol and norepinephrine and appears separate from beta-adrenergic-sensitive adenylate cyclase present in cerebral blood vessels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathanson, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):843-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/220707" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cats ; Cattle ; Cerebrospinal Fluid/metabolism ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Choroid Plexus/*enzymology/metabolism ; Dogs ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Epithelium/enzymology ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*metabolism
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  • 28
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    Genetic effects of impure and pure saccharin in yeast (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: Yeast cells were grown in media containing impure or purified saccharin preparations. Dose-dependent increases in frequencies of cells possessing aberrant cell morphologies were revealed by light microscopy. At each test dose, cells grown in impure saccharin exhibited up to sevenfold higher frequencies of mitotic crossing-over or gene conversion in three of four assays for genetic recombination than cells grown in purified saccharin from the same lot. With one exception, the sweetener produced by the Maumee process caused larger increases in recombination and gene reversion than the sweetener produced by the Remsen-Fahlberg process. The several test markers did not respond equally to any test saccharin. Cells grown in liquid media containing no saccharin or two of three test concentrations of saccharin produced cell titers that were approximately equivalent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, C W -- Schmick, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1007-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382356" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/drug effects ; Crossing Over, Genetic/drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Mitosis/drug effects ; *Mutagens ; Recombination, Genetic/drug effects ; Saccharin/chemical synthesis/*pharmacology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 29
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    Localization of the neurally mediated arrhythmogenic properties of digitalis (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-20
    Description: Available evidence suggests that the propensity of digitalis glycosides to produce cardiac arrhythmias is due in part to their neuroexictatory effects. We have performed experiments in cats which support the existence of a neurogenic component in the etiology of digitalis-induced ventricular arrhythmias. Our data further indicate that the locus of this neural effect lies within an area of the medulla 2 millimeters above to 2 millimeters below the obex. These findings, when considered with the effects of polar cardiac glycosides that do not cross the blood-brain barrier, suggest that the area postrema may be the site of neural activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Somberg, J C -- Smith, T W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 20;204(4390):321-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219481" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/*chemically induced ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Cats ; Digitalis Glycosides/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Heart/*drug effects/innervation ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/physiology ; Vagus Nerve/physiology
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  • 30
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    Plasticity: the mirror of experience (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-01-05
    Description: A simple avoidance training procedure during early development produces massive neural traces in visual and somatic cortices of kittens reared in a normal environment. A preponderance of cells in these areas had response preferences for the stimuli used during training. Furthermore, some of these cells exhibited properties never found in normal animals not receiving such training. It appears that, even in an environment in which many other stimuli are present, some early experiences powerfully affect brain development and the way in which other experiences exert their effect.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spinelli, D N -- Jensen, F E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 5;203(4375):75-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/758683" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/physiology ; Cats ; Environment ; Functional Laterality ; Memory/physiology ; Orientation/physiology ; Somatosensory Cortex/*growth & development/physiology ; Visual Cortex/*growth & development/physiology
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  • 31
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    Differential competition with cytotoxic agents: an approach to selectivity in cancer chemotherapy (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: An approach to increasing the selectivity of cancer chemotherapeutic agents is presented in which noncytotoxic competitive substrates are used to discern the differences in structural requirements for transport of cytotoxic agents between tumor cells and a sensitive host tissue, the hematopoietic precursor cells of the bone marrow. Examples are given for two such systems, one responsible for the transport of nucleosides and another for the transport of amino acids. Cytidine is twice as effective in reducing the toxicity of showdomycin for murine bone marrow cells in culture as it is for murine L1210 leukemia cella. Conversely, homoleucine is twice as effective in reducing the toxicity of melphalan for L1210 cells as it is for bone marrow cells. These observations can serve as a basis for the development of bone marrow protective agents and for the design of cytotoxic agents that may be preferentially transported into tumor cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rabinowitz, M -- Uehara, Y -- Vistica, D T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1085-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/*metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Bone Marrow/drug effects ; Leukemia L1210/drug therapy ; Melphalan/metabolism/therapeutic use ; Mice ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy ; Showdomycin/*metabolism/therapeutic use ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 32
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    Long-term amphetamine treatment decreases brain serotonin metabolism: implications for theories of schizophrenia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: Long-term amphetamine administration to cats (a mean of 8.75 milligrams per kilogram twice daily for 10 days) produced large decreases (40 to 67 percent in serotonin and its major metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, in all brain regions examined. This treatment also produced several behaviors that are dependent on depressed central serotonergic neurotransmission, and which normally are elicited exclusively by hallucinogenic drugs. Short-term amphetamine administration (15 mg/kg) did not produce these behaviors and resulted in small decreases in brain serotonin and no change in 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. These data are discussed in the context of monoamine theories of schizophrenia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trulson, M E -- Jacobs, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1295-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/572992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Brain/*metabolism ; Brain Chemistry/*drug effects ; Cats ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/metabolism ; Schizophrenia/*physiopathology ; Serotonin/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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  • 33
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    Effect of fluorine substitution on the agonist specificity of norepinephrine (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-15
    Description: Substitution of fluorine for hydrogen in position 2, 5, or 6 of the aromatic ring of norepinephrine markedly alters the alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist properties of norephinephrine. The 6-fluoro isomer is an beta-adrenergic agonist with virtually no beta agonist activity, while the 2-fluoro isomer is a beta-adrenergic agonist with little alpha activity. The 5-fluoro isomer is equipotent with norepinephrine as an alpha agonist and significantly more potent as a beta agonist. The possible physiochemical basis for these differences is discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cantacuzene, D -- Kirk, K L -- McCulloh, D H -- Creveling, C R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1217-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/221978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta ; Fluorine ; Guinea Pigs ; Hydrogen Bonding ; In Vitro Techniques ; Norepinephrine/*analogs & derivatives/chemical synthesis/pharmacology ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*drug effects ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/*drug effects ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Partially modified retro-inverso-enkephalinamides: topochemical long-acting analogs in vitro and in vivo (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-15
    Description: The synthesis of four enkephalinamide analogs is described in which the peptide bond between residues 4 and 5 is reversed with or without simultaneous reversal of the carboxyl-terminal amide bond. These so-called partially modified retro-inverso-isomers are new, potent, topochemical analogs of the enkephalins. Tests, both in vitro and in vivo, have shown that these analogs are considerably longer acting than any previously studied enkephalins. Thus, partial reversal of the peptide bonds of the backbone can result in peptides with enhanced activity compared to a parent compound, provide that the structural complementarity of both the side chains and end groups are conserved.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chorev, M -- Shavitz, R -- Goodman, M -- Minick, S -- Guillemin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1210-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451565" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Brain/drug effects ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/chemical synthesis/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Conditioned inhibition: selective response of single units (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-04
    Description: Single cell activity and local field potentials in parastriate cortex of cats and rabbits were studied during a Pavlovian discrimination procedure. Cell activity was selectively modified; conditioned changes occurred in response either to the reinforced stimulus or to the unreinforced one, but not to both. Cells exhibiting conditioned alteration in response to the unreinforced stimulus are thought to participate in specialized circuits mediating conditioned inhibition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Toledo-Morrell, L -- Hoeppner, T J -- Morrell, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):528-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology)/*physiology ; Neural Inhibition ; Rabbits ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Visual Cortex/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    The central origin of efferent pathways in the carotid sinus nerve of the cat (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: The application of horseradish peroxidase to the central cut end of the carotid sinus nerve of the cat produced retrograde labeling of neurons in the ipsilateral medulla in the region of the nucleus ambiguus at anterior-posterior coordinates -8 to -10.5. These data coupled with previous electrophysiological observations suggest that the nucleus ambiguus may be the origin of an efferent inhibitory pathway to the carotid body.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉deGroat, W C -- Nadelhaft, I -- Morgan, C -- Schauble, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1017-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472721" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carotid Sinus/cytology/*innervation ; Cats ; Efferent Pathways/cytology ; Glossopharyngeal Nerve/cytology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Medulla Oblongata/cytology ; Neural Inhibition
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  • 37
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    GABA receptor control of parasympathetic outflow to heart: characterization and brainstem localization (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Blockade of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor function by direct microinjection of the GABA receptor antagonist bicuculline into the nucleus ambiguus of the brainstem produced a marked, dose-related depression of heart rate and blood pressure which was mediated by the vagus nerve. This effect was not obtained in other regions of the brainstem and was reversed by the GABA receptor agonist muscimol. These data indicate that the nucleus ambiguus may be the site of a GABA receptor-mediated inhibition of vagal outflow.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DiMicco, J A -- Gale, K -- Hamilton, B -- Gillis, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1106-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451556" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bicuculline/pharmacology ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Cats ; Heart/*innervation ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Isoniazid/pharmacology ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Receptors, Drug/*physiology ; Vagus Nerve/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology
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  • 38
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    Eye movements initiate visual-motor development in the cat (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: Visually naive kittens turn their eyes toward visual targets but lack other visual-motor coordinations. Light-reared animals were able to mediate guided behaviors with an immobilized eye, but animals with the eye immobilized before initial exposure to a lighted environment were not. Eye movement is implied to play an essential role in visual-motor development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hein, A -- Vital-Durand, F -- Salinger, W -- Diamond, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1321-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/313076" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Cats ; Darkness ; *Eye Movements ; Functional Laterality ; Locomotion ; *Movement ; Vestibule, Labyrinth/physiology ; Visual Pathways/*growth & development ; Visual Perception/physiology
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  • 39
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    Heparin: an old drug with a new paradigm (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: Recent studies have shown that heparin is a biochemical representative of a distinct class of compounds known as linear anionic polyelectrolytes. Members of this class are mixtures of individual highly negatively charged chains that show a wide spectrum of specific reactions with biologically active proteins. Upon administration, heparin chains enter a cellular pool and effectively prevent thrombosis by increasing the electronegative potential of the vessel wall. Anticoagulant activity is an unusual feature of a few heparin chains and appears to play a minor role in many clinical uses and in physiological and pathological responses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacques, L B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):528-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/386509" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antithrombin III/metabolism ; Blood Coagulation/drug effects ; Heparin/adverse effects/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Ions ; Mast Cells/physiology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Sulfates/metabolism ; Thrombosis/prevention & control
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  • 40
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    Phase resetting and annihilation of pacemaker activity in cardiac tissue (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: Spontaneous rhythmic activity in isolated cardiac pacemaker cells can be terminated by a brief, subthreshold, depolarizing or hyperpolarizing perturbation of the proper magnitude applied at a specific point in the pacemaker cycle. Evidence is provided in support of a topological theory of the existence of a "singular" point in cardiac oscillators.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jalife, J -- Antzelevitch, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):695-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493975" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Cattle ; Dogs ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Heart Conduction System/*physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; *Periodicity ; Purkinje Fibers/*physiology ; Sinoatrial Node/*physiology
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  • 41
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    Choline excites cortical neurons (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: In cats under halothane or methoxyflurane, iontophoretic applications of choline are only eight times weaker than applications of acetylcholine in evoking firing of neurons in the sensorimotor region of the cerebral cortex. The action of choline is suppressed by atropine but not by two agents that block choline uptake (hemicholinium-3 and triethylcholine), and is not potentiated by an anticholinesterase (physostigmine). Choline therefore appears to excite cortical neurons by a direct action, which may be a significant component of its beneficial therapeutic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krnjevic, K -- Reinhardt, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1321-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/515735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/pharmacology ; Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Cortex/*drug effects ; Choline/*pharmacology ; Drug Synergism ; Evoked Potentials ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Hemicholinium 3/pharmacology ; Motor Cortex/physiology ; Physostigmine/pharmacology ; Receptors, Muscarinic/drug effects ; Stimulation, Chemical
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    Inhibition of mast cell histamine secretion by N-substituteed derivatives of phosphatidylserine (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-11
    Description: The structural basis for the highly specific action of phosphatidylserine in enhancing mast cell histamine secretion induced by concanavalin A was investigated by studying the activities of three N-substituted derivatives: N-acetyl phosphatidylserine, N-1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonly phosphatidylserine, and N-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole phosphatidylserine. None of the derivatives was capable of activating concanavalin A-induced histamine secretion at concentrations two to three times that required for maximal activation by phosphatidylserine. Instead, the derivatives were found to inhibit the secretory response of mast cells to the calcium ionophore A23187 as well as to concanavalin A. The inhibition was noncytotoxic, partially reversible by washing, and associated with binding of N-substituted phosphatidylserine to the mast cell.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, T W -- Lagunoff, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 11;204(4393):631-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/86210" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/drug effects ; Exocytosis/drug effects ; Histamine Release/*drug effects ; Mast Cells/*drug effects ; Phosphatidylserines/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Dissociations between the effects of LSD on behavior and raphe unit activity in freely moving cats (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-03
    Description: The hypothesis that the action of hallucinogenic drugs is mediated by a depression of the activity of brain serotonergic (raphe) neurons was tested by examining the behavioral effects of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) while studying the activity of raphe neurons in freely moving cats. Although the results provide general support for the hypothesis, there were several important dissociations. (i) Low doses of LSD produced only small decreases in raphe unit activity but significant behavoiral changes; (ii) LSD-induced behavioral changes outlasted the depression of raphe unit activity; and (iii) raphe neurons were at least as responsive to LSD during tolerance as they were in the nontolerant condition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trulson, M E -- Jacobs, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 3;205(4405):515-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451617" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Cats ; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/*pharmacology ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Raphe Nuclei/drug effects/*physiology
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  • 44
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    Generation of unidirectionally propagated action potentials in a peripheral nerve by brief stimuli (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: Single, unidirectionally propagated action potentials can be elicited in peripheral nerves by electrical stimuli of short duration. Propagation in one direction is blocked anodically by means of a quasi-trapezoidal stimulus wave form and a modified tripolar electrode configuration. Propagation in the other direction proceeds unhindered. This technique may be applicable to collision blocking of motor nerves for neural prostheses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van den Honert, C -- Mortimer, J T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1311-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/515733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrodes ; Nerve Block/methods ; Peripheral Nerves/*physiology ; Sciatic Nerve/physiology
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    Liposomes and local hyperthermia: selective delivery of methotrexate to heated tumors (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: Liposomes with phase transitions a few degrees above physiological temperature delivered more than four times as much methotrexate to murine tumors heated to 42 degrees C as to unheated control tumors. Most of the accumulated drug appeared to be intracellular and bound to dihydrofolate reductase, the enzyme blocked by methotrexate in its role as an antineoplastic agent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinstein, J N -- Magin, R L -- Yatvin, M B -- Zaharko, D S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):188-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432641" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Hot Temperature ; Liposomes/*therapeutic use ; Male ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Methotrexate/*administration & dosage/metabolism ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*drug therapy ; Phospholipids ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Pontine reticular formation neurons and motor activity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):207-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Eye Movements ; Humans ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Reticular Formation/*physiology
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  • 47
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    Physiological basis of anisometropic amblyopia (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-21
    Description: In the visual cortex of kittens that have received their only visual experience while wearing a high-power lens before one eye, most neurons are dominated by input from the normal eye. Moreover, contrast sensitivity and resolving power are lower for stimulation through the originally defocused eye, mimicking psychophysical results from human anisometropic amblyopes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eggers, H M -- Blakemore, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):264-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663654" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amblyopia/*physiopathology ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Orientation/physiology ; Refractive Errors/*physiopathology ; Visual Cortex/*physiopathology ; Visual Pathways/physiopathology
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  • 48
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    Dual actions of substance P on nociception: possible role of endogenous opioids (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: Substance P produces analgesia when administered to mice in very small doses by the intraventricular route (1.25 to 5 nanograms per mouse). The analgesic effect can be blocked by naloxone. At higher doses (greater than 50 nanograms per mouse), this activity is lost. At these higher doses, however, substance P produced hyperalgesia when combined with naloxone and analgesia when combined with baclofen [beta-(4-chlorophenyl)-gamma-aminobutyric acid]. Substance P may have dual actions in brain, releasing endorphins at very low doses and directly exciting neuronal activity in nociceptive pathways at higher doses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frederickson, R C -- Burgis, V -- Harrell, C E -- Edwards, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1359-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Baclofen/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Nociceptors/*drug effects ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substance P/analogs & derivatives/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology
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  • 49
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    Evoked response correlate of symbol and significate (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-14
    Description: Changing the source and intensity of the auditory signal to six trained cats responding to meaningful auditory stimuli permits exogenous and endogenous processes in the auditory evoked potential to be separated. For short-latency exogenous processes, latency and amplitude depend on the parameters of the physical stimulus. However, the amplitude and shape of longer-latency endogenous processes are essentially independent of the location and intensity of the signal source and seem to be invariant concomitants of the significance of the signal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grastyan, E -- John, E R -- Bartlett, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 14;201(4351):169-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Cats ; Conditioning (Psychology)/physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/*physiology ; *Evoked Potentials ; Geniculate Bodies/*physiology ; Memory/physiology
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    Peptides in the brain: the new endocrinology of the neuron (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guillemin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 27;202(4366):390-402.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/212832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Endorphins/*history/isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification ; Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification ; History, 20th Century ; Hypothalamic Hormones/*history/pharmacology ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/*physiology ; *Neurosecretion ; Sheep ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Synaptic Transmission ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification/physiology
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    Terminal arbors of axons that have formed abnormal connections (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: Ther terminal arbors of individual retinogeniculate axons that have been induced to grow into an inappropriate geniculate layer have been revealed for light and electron microscopic study by being filled with horseradish peroxidase. After a unilateral ocular enucleation in kittens, single axons from the surviving eye show terminal arbors not only within their own geniculate layers but also in the denervated layers. The new, abnormal arbors arise from the terminal segments of arbors that lie within the nondenervated layer and make patterns of synaptic contacts that appear normal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robson, J A -- Mason, C A -- Guillery, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):635-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/675248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/*ultrastructure ; Cats ; Eye/innervation ; Geniculate Bodies/*ultrastructure ; Synapses/*ultrastructure ; Visual Pathways/*ultrastructure
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    Is pump stimulation associated with positive inotropy of the heart? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: A purified sodium and potassium dependent adenosinetriphosphatase isolated from cat heart was not stimulated by any concentration of ouabain that produced positive inotropy of cat papilliary muscle. Only inhibition of enzyme activity was observed. Concentrations of ouabain used ranged from 3.3 x 10(-10) molar to 5 x 10(-7) molar and produced an increased force of contraction without any evidence of toxicity. The results are inconsistent with a concept that stimulation of sodium pump activity is associated with positive inotropy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michael, L -- Pitts, B J -- Schwartz, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1287-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/149369" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Biological Transport, Active/drug effects ; Cats ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; In Vitro Techniques ; Myocardial Contraction/*drug effects ; Myocardium/*enzymology ; Ouabain/*pharmacology ; Potassium/metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism
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  • 53
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    Enhancement of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease activity by mercaptoethanol (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-10
    Description: Incubation of ribonuclease with 0.1M mercaptoethanol at pH 8.5 can increase the enzyme's hydrolytic activity toward cytidine 2',3'-monophosphate (cyclic CMP) under standard assay conditions. Cation-exchange chromatography of the ribonuclease-thiol reaction mixture revealed seven fractions. The fraction with the highest activity had an approximate tenfold decrease in the apparent Michaelis constant for cyclic CMP with respect to native ribonuclease. The enhanced activity is a metastable property since this fraction reverts back to the control activity and chromatographic behavior of native ribonuclease on standing in solution at room temperature.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watkins, J B -- Benz, F W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1084-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/564548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Disulfides/pharmacology ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Glutathione/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Mercaptoethanol/*pharmacology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Pancreas/enzymology ; Protein Conformation ; Ribonucleases/*metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Chronic focal epileptiform discharges induced by injection of iron into rat and cat cortex (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-30
    Description: A single injection of 5 or 10 microliters of ferrous or ferric chloride into rat or cat sensorimotor cortex resulted in chronic recurrent focal paroxysmal electroencephalographic discharges as well as behavioral convulsions and electrical seizures. Recurrent focal epileptiform discharge caused by cortical injection of iron salts suggests that the development of human posttraumatic epilepsy may depend, in part, on the neurochemical alterations induced by the principal metallic ions found in whole blood.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willmore, L J -- Sypert, G W -- Munson, J V -- Hurd, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 30;200(4349):1501-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96527" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Cortex/*drug effects/physiopathology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Electrophysiology ; Epilepsies, Partial/*chemically induced ; Ferric Compounds ; Ferrous Compounds ; *Iron ; Rats ; Seizures/*chemically induced/physiopathology
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  • 55
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    Opiate receptors for behavioral analgesia resemble those related to the depression of spinal nociceptive neurons (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: With naloxone as antagonist, a dose-ratio analysis of the depression by morphine of nociceptive neurons in the spinal cord reveals that this opiate depression of single unit activity has the same pharmacological properties as observed with morphine analgesia. This suggests that the opiate receptor, mediating the observed cellular depression, and those mediating analgesia are presumably the same.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yaksh, T L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1231-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204008" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Cats ; Decerebrate State ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Nerve Fibers/physiology ; Nociceptors/*drug effects/physiology ; Receptors, Opioid/*physiology ; Spinal Cord/physiology
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    Interaction of critical periods in the visual cortex of kittens (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-02-03
    Description: The critical period for modifying the preferred direction in cat cortical units occurs earlier than that for monocular deprivation. The independence of the effects of these two types of deprivation from each other was tested by rearing six kittens with both reverse suture and reversed directional deprivation. The kittens were placed in a drum rotating in one direction with one eye open at ages 2 1/2 to 5 weeks; the drum rotation was reversed and the other eye opened when they were 5 to 12 weeks old. Recordings were then made in the visual cortex. The results were the sum of the effects of reverse suture and reversal of directional deprivation: most cells were driven by the eye that was open second, and most unidirectional cells preferred the direction to which the animals were exposed first. Consequently, many unidirectional cells preferred the first direction but were driven by the eye open second--a combination that the animal never saw during rearing. There was also an effect of ocular deprivation on directional properties and vice versa: reverse suture reduced the overall percentage of unidirectional cells, just as directional deprivation has been shown to affect the ocular dominance histogram. This result suggests that the same cells may be affected by both forms of deprivation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Daw, N W -- Berman, N E -- Ariel, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 3;199(4328):565-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622560" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Cats ; Cell Differentiation ; Functional Laterality ; Motion Perception/physiology ; *Vision, Ocular ; Visual Cortex/cytology/*growth & development ; Visual Pathways/growth & development ; Visual Perception/physiology
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    Photoejection of electrons from flavins in polar media (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: Riboflavin and 12 of its derivatives have been shown to form solvated electrons under ultraviolet irradiation (253.7 nanometers) in various water-methanol solvent mixtures. The highest quantum yield of solvated electrons (about 0.03) was obtained for flavins containing tyrosine on a side chain in the isoalloxazine N-3 or N-10 position. The splitting of hydrogen atoms from excited flavin molecules was also observed. From the results presented here, it can be determined that the semiquinone transients are formed not only by way of the flavin triplet, as usually suggested, but also by the attack of the electrons and hydrogen atoms on flavin molecules in the ground state. This is important, because the flavin radicals remaining after the electron-ejection or hydrogen-splitting processes must also be considered in the subsequent reaction mechanisms. The electron-ejection process from electronically excited flavins has important implications in the photobiology of these compounds.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Getoff, N -- Solar, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):616-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/675244" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Electrons ; Methanol ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Photochemistry ; Riboflavin/*analogs & derivatives/*radiation effects ; Solvents ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; *Ultraviolet Rays ; Water
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    Another flame retardant, tris-(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)-phosphate, and its expected metabolites are mutagens (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-05-19
    Description: A flame retardant used in children's sleepwear, tris-(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (Fyrol FR2) is a mutagen in the Salmonella-mammalian tissue homogenate test after it has been activated by mouse or rat liver homogenate. The expected enzymatic hydrolysis product, 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, is similarly a mutagen after activation by liver homogenate. A proposed metabolite of the flame retardant, 1,3-dichloro-2-propanone, is a potent mutagen in the absence of such activation. A flame retardant with similar structure, tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate (tris-BP), was shown previously to be a mutagen, to cause sterility in animals, to be a carcinogen, and to be absorbed through human skin. These and other flame retardants have characteristic nuclear magnetic resonance spectra that can be used to determine which flame retardant is present in commercially purchased sleepwear. Sleepwear treated with tris-BP, Fyrol FR2, and other chemical additives was being sold in late 1977.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gold, M D -- Blum, A -- Ames, B N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 19;200(4343):785-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/347576" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biotransformation ; Flame Retardants/*toxicity ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/toxicity ; Liver/metabolism ; Mice ; *Mutagens ; Organophosphorus Compounds/*toxicity ; Salmonella typhimurium/drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Channel structures of gramicidin: characterization of succinyl derivatives (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: Succinyl derivatives of gramicidin were tested for their ability to form channels in planar artificial lipid bilayers. Both N-succinyldeformylgramicidin methyl ester and charged O-succinylgramicidin formed channels, but the channels had markedly different sizes and lifetimes. This implies that gramicidin forms channels by end-to-end association. However, the doubly charged N,O-bissuccinyldeformylgramicidin was inactive, which suggests that only end-to-end association of gramicidin may result in channel formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bradley, R J -- Urry, D W -- Okamoto, K -- Rapaka, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):435-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/77040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Electric Conductivity ; *Gramicidin ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Ionophores ; Membranes, Artificial ; Protein Conformation ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Enhancement of conditioned arterial pressure responses in cats after brainstem lesions (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: Cats were classically conditioned after the baroreceptor reflexes were abolished by bilateral placement of electrolytic lesions in the nucleus tractus solitarii. The conditioned increases in arterial pressure were more than five times larger than the responses obtained in similarly trained controls. This finding suggests that the baroreceptor reflexes actively inhibit conditioned increases of arterial pressure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathan, M A -- Tucker, L W -- Serverini, W H -- Reis, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):71-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663640" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Blood Pressure ; Cats ; Conditioning, Classical/physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension/physiopathology ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata/*physiology ; Pressoreceptors/*physiology ; Reflex/physiology
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    Frequency discrimination following the selective destruction of cochlear inner and outer hair cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: Frequency discrimination was measured behaviorally before and after drug-induced lesions of cochlear hair cells in the cat. Discrimination was unaffected by complete loss of outer hair cells provided that at least 50% of inner hair cells were intact. Thus, inner hair cells are important for frequency discrimination, and they can function normally in this regard without the influence of outer hair cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nienhuys, T G -- Clark, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1356-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Threshold/physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Cats ; Cochlea/ultrastructure ; Hair Cells, Auditory/drug effects/*physiology ; Kanamycin/pharmacology ; Mechanoreceptors/*physiology ; *Pitch Discrimination
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    Electrostatic effects in proteins (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-09-29
    Description: Electrostatic effects dominate many aspects of protein behavior. When polypeptide chains fold up, most polar side chains seek the exterior, where they can be solvated. Water bound in the interior has been found between the domains of enzymes of the chymotrypsin family, and between the subunits of hemoglobin and tobacco mosaic virus protein. Assembly of this protein from disk to virus is triggered by electrostatic interactions between neighboring subunits. Lysozyme stabilizes the constellation of charges involved in the transition state of its substrate by both permanent and induced dipoles. All factors that lower the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin act by strengthening the salt bridges that constrain its quaternary deoxy (T) structure. Enzymes of thermophile bacteria owe their extra stability mostly to additional salt bridges. The rate of denaturation of hemoglobins by alkali is determined by the ionization of internal side chains with pK's of about 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Perutz, M F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 29;201(4362):1187-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694508" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Catalysis ; Ions ; Macromolecular Substances ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Denaturation ; *Proteins ; Salts ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Temperature ; Viruses/ultrastructure ; Water
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    Ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) burst neurons: correlative evidence for neuronal generators of PGO waves (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-07-21
    Description: A newly discovered class of neurons, ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) burst neurons, has PGO wave relationships of phase-leading, stereotyped discharge bursts, and the highest reported discharge specificity and coherence; these neurons thus fulfill correlative criteria for output generator neurons for PGO waves. The PGO burst neurons are recorded in a discrete dorsal brainstem area in apposition to the brachium conjunctivum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCarley, R W -- Nelson, J P -- Hobson, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):269-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663656" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Brain Stem/cytology/*physiology ; Cats ; Geniculate Bodies/*physiology ; Neural Conduction ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Occipital Lobe/*physiology ; Pons/*physiology ; Sleep/physiology
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    Environmental hydrocarbons produce degeneration in cat hypothalamus and optic tract (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: 2,5-Hexanedione, the principal neurotoxic metabolite of the industrial solvents n-hexane and methyl n-butyl ketone causes axonal degeneration in the mammillary body and visual nuclei of cats. Prolonged, low-level exposure to hydrocarbons in the environment may cause premature deterioration in areas of the human brain vital for perception and behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schaumburg, H H -- Spencer, P S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):199-200.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/413192" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/pathology ; Cats ; Environmental Pollutants/*toxicity ; Geniculate Bodies/drug effects ; Hexanones/*toxicity ; Ketones/*toxicity ; Mammillary Bodies/*drug effects/pathology ; Nerve Degeneration/*drug effects ; Superior Colliculi/pathology ; Visual Pathways/*drug effects/pathology
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  • 65
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    Tricyclic antidepressants: therapeutic properties and affinity for alpha-noradrenergic receptor binding sites in the brain (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: Tricyclic antidepressants vary in their capacity to cause psychomotor activation, to relieve agitated depressive states, and to cause sedation and hypotension. We have quantified relative potencies of tricyclic antidepressants in competing for the binding of 3H-labeled WB-4101 to alpha-noradrenergic receptor sites in rat brain membranes. Affinities of tricyclic drugs for alpha-noradrenergic receptor sites in the brain correlate well with the capacity of these agents to relieve psychomotor agitation and to induce sedation and hypotension; these affinities also correlate inversely with tendencies to elicit psychomotor activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉U'Prichard, D C -- Greenberg, D A -- Sheehan, P P -- Snyder, S H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):197-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/202024" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/*metabolism/therapeutic use ; Binding, Competitive ; Brain/*metabolism ; Humans ; Hypotension/chemically induced ; Psychomotor Agitation/*drug therapy ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/*metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Vasopressin analog with extraordinarily high antidiuretic potency: a study of conformation and activity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-01-20
    Description: Application of information derived from a three-dimensional model of vasopressin bound to its antidiuretic receptor has resulted in the design and synthesis of a potent analog, [1-deamino, 2-phenylalanine, 7-(3,4-dehydroproline)]-arginine vasopressin; this analog has a specific antidiuretic activity of 13,000 +/- 1,250 units per milligram; noteworthy at these doses is the absence of any detectable pressor activity. Three modifications based on conformational considerations were introduced into the vasopressin molecule in preparing the analog: (i) to enhance binding, a double bond was introduced into the side chain of an amino acid residue occupying a corner position of a beta turn in the vasopressin conformation, (ii) the hydroxyl moiety was deleted from Tyr2, and (iii) to tighten the backbone structure and to enhance the enzymatic resistance of the analog, the NH2-terminal amino group was deleted.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, C W -- Walter, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 20;199(4326):297-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619455" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin/analogs & derivatives ; Diuresis/drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Protein Conformation ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Vasopressins/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology
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    Cyclic polyether-protonated organic amine binding: significance in enzymatic and ion transport processes (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-03
    Description: The cyclic polyether, 18-crown-6, reacts with protonated amines in methanol to form complexes whose formation constants (log K) decrease in the order NH4+, RNH3+ greater than R2NH2+ greater than R3NH+. In the case of the organic amines, this stability order is identical to the earlier observed permeability sequence for protonated organic amines in glyceryl dioleate bilayers treated with valinomycin, nonactin, or gramicidin, and in bullfrog and rabbit gallbladder membranes. The decrease in log K values in the above series is primarily a result of decreased enthalpy change (deltaH) values, the entropy change (TdeltaS) term being essentially constant for the systems studied.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Izatt, R M -- Izatt, N E -- Rossiter, B E -- Christensen, J J -- Haymore, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 3;199(4332):994-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amines/*metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Enzymes/metabolism ; Ethers, Cyclic/*metabolism ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Membranes/metabolism ; Permeability ; Protons ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thermodynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 68
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    Intracellular analysis of trigeminal motoneuron activity during sleep in the cat (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: Intracellular recordings were made from trigeminal motoneurons of normally respiring, unanesthetized cats during naturally occurring sleep. The transition from quiet to active sleep was accompanied by tonic motoneuron hyperpolarization. Stimulation of the reticular formation induced a depolarizing potential in trigeminal motoneurons during quiet sleep and a hyperpolarizing potential during active sleep. The results provide a synaptic explanation for the phenomenon of reticular response reversal and insights into the basic mechanisms controlling motor activity during the sleep states.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nakamura, Y -- Goldberg, L J -- Chandler, S H -- Chase, M H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):204-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/202025" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Electric Stimulation ; Membrane Potentials ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Reflex ; Reticular Formation/*physiology ; Sleep/*physiology ; Sleep, REM/physiology ; Synapses/physiology ; Trigeminal Nerve/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 69
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    Prostacyclin: a potentially valuable agent for preserving myocardial tissue in acute myocardial ischemia (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Prostacyclin, a potent, naturally occurring prostaglandin exerts a variety of cardiovascular and cellular actions of potential value in acute myocardial ischemia. These properties include the reduction of systemic blood pressure without changing heart rate, the lowering of coronary vascular and total peripheral resistance, the inhibition of platelet aggregation and the concomitant formation of thromboxane B2, and the reduction of the release of lysosomal enzymes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lefer, A M -- Ogletree, M L -- Smith, J B -- Silver, M J -- Nicolaou, K C -- Barnette, W E -- Gasic, G P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):52-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/345441" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Cats ; Coronary Circulation/drug effects ; Coronary Disease/drug therapy ; Epoprostenol/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Hemodynamics/*drug effects ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lysosomes/drug effects/enzymology ; Myocardial Contraction/drug effects ; Platelet Aggregation/drug effects ; Prostaglandins/*pharmacology ; Thromboxanes/blood ; Vascular Resistance/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 70
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    Aspects of hypothalamic regulation of the pituitary gland (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schally, A V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 6;202(4363):18-28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/99816" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Awards and Prizes ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification/physiology ; Hormones/pharmacology ; Hypothalamic Hormones/*physiology ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*physiology ; Somatostatin/isolation & purification/physiology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 71
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    The glycosylation of hemoglobin: relevance to diabetes mellitus (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Glucose reacts nonenzymatically with the NH2-terminal amino acid of the beta chain of human hemoglobin by way of a ketoamine linkage, resulting in the formation of hemoglobin AIc. Other minor components appear to be adducts of glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 1,6-diphosphate. These hemoglobins are formed slowly and continuously throughout the 120-day life-span of the red cell. There is a two- to threefold increase in hemoglobin AIc in the red cells of patients with diabetes mellitus. By providing an integrated measurement of blood glucose, hemoglobin AIc is useful in assessing the degree of diabetic control. Furthermore, this hemoglobin is a useful model of nonenzymatic glycosylation of other proteins that may be involved in the long-term complications of the disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bunn, H F -- Gabbay, K H -- Gallop, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):21-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus/*blood/diagnosis ; Diphosphoglyceric Acids/blood ; Glycosides/blood ; Glycosuria/etiology ; Hemoglobin A/*metabolism ; Hemoglobins/*analysis/*metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Oxygen/blood ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 72
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    Conformation of [Leu5]enkephalin from X-ray diffraction: features important for recognition at opiate receptor (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: The conformation of [Leu5]enkephalin is produced by a Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe beta bend stabilized by antiparallel hydrogen bonding between tyrosine and phenylalanine. On the basis of a comparison of the observed structure with the structure of known opiate agonists, three hydrophilic and two hydrophobic regions have been identified as contributing to the recognition of the molecule at the opiate receptor site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, D -- Griffin, J F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1214-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204006" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Endorphins/metabolism ; *Enkephalins/metabolism ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Models, Molecular ; Morphine ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Opioid/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; X-Ray Diffraction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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