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  • 1
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    Intracellular analysis of trigeminal motoneuron activity during sleep in the cat (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: Intracellular recordings were made from trigeminal motoneurons of normally respiring, unanesthetized cats during naturally occurring sleep. The transition from quiet to active sleep was accompanied by tonic motoneuron hyperpolarization. Stimulation of the reticular formation induced a depolarizing potential in trigeminal motoneurons during quiet sleep and a hyperpolarizing potential during active sleep. The results provide a synaptic explanation for the phenomenon of reticular response reversal and insights into the basic mechanisms controlling motor activity during the sleep states.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nakamura, Y -- Goldberg, L J -- Chandler, S H -- Chase, M H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):204-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/202025" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Electric Stimulation ; Membrane Potentials ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Reflex ; Reticular Formation/*physiology ; Sleep/*physiology ; Sleep, REM/physiology ; Synapses/physiology ; Trigeminal Nerve/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Investigating the geomorphological potential of freely available and accessible Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry using a smartphone (2014)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-27
    Description: ABSTRACT We test the acquisition of high-resolution topographic and terrain data using hand-held smartphone technology, where the acquired images can be processed using technology freely available to the research community. This is achieved by evaluating the quality of digital terrain models (DTM) of a river bank and an Alpine alluvial fan generated with a fully automated, free to use, Structure-from-Motion package and a smartphone integrated camera (5 megapixels) with terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) data used to provide a benchmark. To evaluate this approach a 16.2 megapixel digital camera and an established, commercial, close-range and semi-automated software are also employed, and the product of the four combination of the two types of cameras and software are compared. Results for the river bank survey demonstrate that centimeter precision DTMs can be achieved at close range (10 m or less), using a smartphone camera and a fully automated package. Results improve to sub-centimeter precision with either higher resolution images or by applying specific post-processing techniques to the smartphone DTMs. Application to an entire Alpine alluvial fan system shows that the degradation of precision scales linearly with image scale, but that (1) the expected level of precision remains and (2) difficulties in separating vegetation and sediment cover within the results are similar to those typically found when using other photo-based techniques and laser scanning systems. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0197-9337
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-9837
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Wiley
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