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  • Articles  (20,396)
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  • Elsevier  (20,148)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (248)
  • 1985-1989  (20,396)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (20,396)
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  • Articles  (20,396)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AN EGF EXERCISE IN PREDICTING DUCTILE INSTABILITY: PHASE 2, CRACKED PRESSURE VESSEL (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This report discusses the results of a collaborative European Group on Fracture exercise to predict the pressure-crack size relationships of an experimental cracked pressure vessel which was undergoing tests for the CEGB. The details of the test and background mechanical properties data had been circulated to interested parties with a request for predictions to be returned prior to the vessel test results being published. The results of this exercise are described here, analysed in detail and compared with the test results.Collectively, eighteen individuals provided thirty eight different estimates of the vessel behaviour. The procedures used included R6 and variants of it, crack tip opening displacement approaches, engineering J design curve approaches, simple plastic collapse criteria and the GE J estimation scheme.Analysis of the predictions showed that:(1) in the prediction of maximum pressures, the plastic limit pressure was important;(2) in the prediction of initiation pressures the initiation toughness dominated;(3) the detailed form of the resistance curve had little influence on either the crack growth predictions or the maximum pressure predictions.(4) all forms of failure assessment diagram based upon the R6 axes were capable of producing accurate predictions.(5) where a poor model was used to represent the cracked section the results were unsatisfactory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00451.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION FOR GAUSSIAN RANDOM LOADS AT THE DESIGN STAGE (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Fatigue life prediction under variable amplitude loading normally involves a two stage process of cycle counting and damage summation. This paper shows that for certain classes of strain history, predictions can be made directly from a knowledge only of the power spectral density of the strain history and conventional fatigue strength data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00444.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FATIGUE LIFE BEHAVIOR OF MONOCRYSTALLINE COPPER IN 0.1 M PERCHLORIC ACID (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: We have studied the fatigue lives of single crystals of copper in 0.1 M HClO4under different polarization potentials. Perchloric acid was chosen for the aqueous environment because it allows us to control the corrosion reactions rigorously. Persistent slip band (PSB) behaviour and crack nucleation were studied during life, and fracture surfaces after failure.Different behavior was observed depending on strain amplitude. At 2 × 10-3 plastic shear strain amplitude, anodic potential was observed to decrease life, whereas cathodic potenlial was found to be less damaging than laboratory air. Crack nucleation and propagation occurred along the primary slip plane for both conditions. The reduction of fatigue life under anodic potential is explained by enhanced localized strain at the PSB's and preferential dissolution within them.However, for a strain amplitude of 4 × 10-3, cracks nucleated and propagated along the secondary slip system. We observed crack nucleation to be associated with deformation-induced stress concentrations, and the aqueous solution showed no aggressive effect under either anodic or cathodic potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00426.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE LOW CYCLE IMPACT FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF PEARLITIC PLAIN CARBON STEELS (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The results of Stan ton and Bairstow (1908) have been reanalyzed to yield information on the composition dependence of the low cycle impact fatigue properties of pearlitic plain carbon steels. It has been found that the energy absorbed per impact, Ei, and the number of impacts are failure, Nf, are related by the equation:In this equation q is determined by the carbon, manganese and silicon contents of the steel; Eo is the impact endurance limit; and C and D are constants. The curve represented by this equation intersects that representing the Johnson-Keller high cycle impact fatigue equation at a value of logeNf equal to 1/C. Thus, the transition from low to high cycle impact fatigue occurs at this value of logeNf.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00428.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NEW PATENTS (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb01196.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE APPLICATION OF FRACTURE MECHANICS TO FRETTING FATIGUE (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A fracture mechanics model of fretting fatigue has been developed. This enables the calculation of the critical size of defect which can grow under fretting conditions. The model has been applied to the fretting of aluminium alloy 2014A fatigue specimens in contact with 3.5NiCrMoV steel fretting contact pads. The input parameters to the model include externally applied stresses, contact pressure between pad and specimen and frictional forces between the two contacting surfaces. The latter have been measured using a strain gauge technique. Small fretting defects in the fatigue specimens have been investigated metallographically and fractographically. There is good agreement between their size and critical defect sizes calculated using the fretting model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb01200.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A CHANGE IN THE TITLE OF THE JOURNAL (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00414.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECTS OF MEAN STRESS AND STRESS CONCENTRATION ON FATIGUE UNDER COMBINED BENDING AND TWISTING (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The Gough test data on fatigue under combined bending and twisting with superimposed mean bending and torsion stresses with and without stress raisers has been re-investigated in terms of the stresses acting on the plane of maximum range of shear stress. It has been shown that the allowable amplitude of shear stress on this plane can be predicted from an equation of the formτa= [t - c1 (Kt×σa)1.5−c2σ2m]/Ktwhere σa and σm are the normal stress amplitude and mean normal stress respectively on the plane of maximum range of shear stress, c1 and c2 are defined material constants and Kt is the theoretical stress concentration factor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00415.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A STUDY OF SHORT CRACK GROWTH IN TORSIONAL LOW CYCLE FATIGUE FOR A MEDIUM CARBON STEEL (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A study of short crack growth for a medium carbon steel in low cycle torsional fatigue has been carried out in order to measure crack length and derive growth laws. Comparison with a previous analysis of uniaxial tests in low cycle fatigue for the same material provides a tentative basis for formulating an equivalent stress approach to describe uniquely the propagation of short cracks under multiaxial stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb01208.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    COMPARISON OF SHORT AND LONG FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH IN 7075-T6 ALUMINUM (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The fatigue crack growth rates of physically-short cracks (0.5 ≤a≤ 1.0 mm), intermediate cracks (1 〈 a≤ 2 mm) and long cracks (7 〈 a 〈 25 mm) were compared using SEN type tensile specimens in 7075-T6 aluminum alloy with load ratios, R, of 0.05, − 1 and 0.5 under constant amplitude testing at room temperature. It was found that the short cracks grew much faster than long cracks based on applied δK with da/dN≤ 10−7 m/cycle. Even the intermediate cracks grew faster than the long cracks below 10−7 m/cycle. The transition crack lengths where similitude with δK existed was between 1 and 2 mm. Mean stress effects were similar for R= 0.05 and − t, but R= 0.5 caused increased crack growth rates. The above differences are partially attributed to crack closure effects. Based upon plastic zone sizes, LEFM was justifiable with all the experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb01209.x
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH UNDER MIXED MODES I AND II (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Fatigue crack growth behaviour under mixed modes I and II was studied by applying in-phase alternating tensile and torsional loading to a thin-walled hollow cylindrical specimen with an initial crack.In the linear region of a log-log plot where da/dN=A(ΔK)m, da/dN at first decreases with increasing ΔK110 component and then approaches a minimum close to the value of ΔK110/ΔK10∼ 0.58; here ΔK110/ΔK10 is the ratio of the initial ΔKII to the initial ΔK1., When ΔK110/ΔK10 increases further, da/dN increases. Under shear mode, da/dN becomes higher than that under mode I. The ΔK1, and ΔK11 components during fatigue crack growth under mixed mode loading increase and decrease, respectively, with an increase in da/dN In the low crack growth rate region the fatigue crack growth rates accelerate with an increase of the initial ΔK11 component, ΔK110. Fatigue life increases with increase of ΔK110/ΔK10 under the test condition of equivalent stress range being kept constant and the pre-crack length being the same.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00430.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY OF SMALL CRACK GROWTH IN 7075 ALUMINIUM ALLOY (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Fatigue propagation tests on artificial short cracks (initial length ˜ 0.15 mm) were performed in vacuum and in nitrogen containing small traces of water vapour (˜ 3 ppm) on a high strength aluminium alloy type 7075 in two aged conditions (T651 and T7351) at a load ratio of 0.1 and a frequency of 35 Hz. A predominant influence of environment was determined for short crack growth. This behaviour has been discussed in terms of crack growth rate versus the effective stress intensity factor range relationship previously determined for long cracks. The results obtained suggest the absence of closure at the early stage of short crack growth with an enhanced environmental influence as compared to long crack behaviour at the same load ratio. As the crack grows the effect of closure increases progressively and the short crack effect disappears after a crack growth of the order of 1 mm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00432.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MODELLING FOR FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH PREDICTION IN AIRCRAFT (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Fatigue crack growth models, having application to Mirage III0 aircraft, have been calibrated with test data. Of the four crack growth retardation models examined—Wheeler, Willenborg, modified Willenborg and Crack Closure—the Wheeler and modified Willenborg models are the most satisfactory but both require calibration by test. Even so, crack growth is not accurately predicted when the specimen geometry and the test sequence are varied from those used in calibrating the models.Apart from the crack growth models, the main sources of inaccuracy in predicting crack growth are the inadequacy of the growth rate basic data, incorrect assumptions of crack shape and uncertainty in stress history. Thus, crack growth life may not be confidently predicted to better than a factor of two on actual life and, in some cases, the factor may be as high as ten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00423.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF LASER BEAM RADIATION ON FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper studies the effect of laser beam radiation on the fatigue crack growth threshold and the crack growth rate in 25CrMnSi steel plate. A comparison of radiated and unradiated specimens permits the derivation of an equation for the fatigue crack growth rate. The results show that radiation can enhance the fatigue threshold and retard crack growth rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00422.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00556.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HYDRODYNAMIC PRESSURE EFFECTS OF VISCOUS FLUID FLOW IN A FATIGUE CRACK (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The influence of hydrodynamic pressure on fatigue crack growth rates has been investigated. It was shown that the effects were small but beneficial, effectively reducing the stress intensity range. A theoretical model has been developed which successfully predicted the trends and approximate magnitudes of reductions in fatigue crack growth rates for a range of test conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00561.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LIFE PREDICTION FOR CREEP-FATIGUE BASED ON THE GROWTH OF SHORT CRACKS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— For two types of steels (comparable to the 304-type and 347-type of steels) the nucleation and growth of short surface cracks was examined as a function of hold-time, strain rate, and temperature. In addition, for the same range of parameters, damage parameter vs cycles to failure curves were calculated from measured lifetimes. The measured rates, dα/dN, were compared with a model for the growth of creep-fatigue cracks. At large strains, life was found to be dominated by the growth of short cracks. The life data were compared with the life calculated from the crack growth data. The results showed that except for cases in which crack growth is controlled by the coalescence of cavities, the specimen life can be predicted correctly by integrating the growth rate of microcracks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00564.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00555.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DETERMINATION OF STRESS CORROSION CRACK INITIATION STRESS AND CRACK VELOCITIES USING SLOWLY STRAINED TAPERED SPECIMENS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Previous work has shown that a single tapered cylindrical specimen subjected to slow strain rate testing can provide data for the crack initiation stress of 70/30 brass in 1N NaNO2 solution. In order to test the wider applicability of that technique, crack initiation stresses of a further five systems were measured. These were 70/30 brass in an ammoniacal solution, copper in sodium nitrite and mild steel in carbonate–bicarbonate, hydroxide or nitrate solutions. The results are compared with those obtained from tests on plain cylindrical specimens subjected to interrupted slow strain rate tests or to constant load tests, and the agreement is reasonable. The method also is capable of providing data on the stress dependence of crack velocities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00558.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECTS OF STRESS RATIO, COMPRESSIVE PEAK STRESS AND MAXIMUM STRESS LEVEL ON FATIGUE BEHAVIOUR OF 2024-T3 ALUMINIUM ALLOY (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue crack growth behaviour of 2024-T3 aluminium alloy is investigated as a function of stress ratio, compressive peak stress and maximum stress level. It is found that as the stress ratio and the magnitude of the compressive peak stress are increased, the threshold stress intensity range decreased linearly. Intermediate and near threshold growth rate data are analysed with different formulae for effective stress intensity range. The data covered different values of stress ratio, compressive peak stress and maximum stress level. A formula for the crack opening stress level is introduced as a function of stress ratio, compressive peak stress and maximum stress level. The formula permitted a good correlation between crack growth data for both positive stress ratio and negative compressive peak stress values. Using the new formula, intermediate and near threshold crack growth data for the 2024-T3 aluminium alloy yielded a unique crack growth rate vs effective stress intensity range curve for all stress ratio and compressive peak stress values investigated. This suggests that for the 2024-T3 aluminium alloy the crack growth rate vs effective stress intensity range curve does not depend on stress ratio, compressive peak stress, or maximum stress level. The significance of the new equation and the crack growth rate versus effective stress intensity range curve is that they allow a designer to find crack growth rate vs stress intensity range data for the 2024-T3 aluminium alloy in both intermediate and near threshold regions for the particular stress ratio, compressive peak stress and maximum stress level conditions of the component under investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00503.x
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    VECTOR CTD CRITERION APPLIED TO MIXED MODE FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— This work is aimed at developing a general parameter based on the deformation intensity at a mixed mode crack tip to predict crack growth behaviour, especially in the near threshold region. Being a mechanisms-related parameter, the vector crack tip displacement (CTD) is defined as a vector summation of CTOD and CTSDc which act, respectively in the directions of mode I and mode II fatigue crack growth. The basic assumption is that both direction and rate of mixed mode fatigue crack growth are governed by the vector ΔCTD, which represents the resultant of the “driving force”at the crack tip. The analytical predictions obtained by using the vector ΔCTD are in good agreement with the reported experimental results of mixed mode I and II fatigue cracks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00508.x
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CYCLIC MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF A 12Cr-Mo-V MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The low cycle fatigue properties of a 12Cr-IMo-V martensitic stainless steel are investigated at room temperature and correlated with its microstructure. The mechanical test results show that the behavior of this steel depends on the applied strain level. The SEM and TEM studies bring out the role of ferrite islands embedded in a tempered martensite lath matrix. Plastic deformation is essentially accommodated by ferrite; this results in extrusion formation on the surface specimen and a cellular dislocation structure. When the strain level is high, it requires a greater contribution of the tempered martensite, ferrite alone being unable to accomplish all the plastic deformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01395.x
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ENERGY DISTRIBUTION AND ASSOCIATED FRACTURE PHENOMENA WHEN EXPLOSIVELY LOADING PARABOLOIDAL-ENDED PERSPEX RODS EMBEDDED IN LEAD AND AIR (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fracture damage development in paraboloidal-ended cylindrical rods of Perspex due to stress waves initiated by explosive point loading at the flat end of a rod with a detonator, embedded in surrounding media of solid lead or atmospheric air is discussed. An attempt has been made to explain the form and the location of the terminal internal fractures and the spalls in terms of stress optics considering first and second reflections of the incident waves at the interfacial boundary and the energy distribution of the incident waves when reflected from a boundary or refracted into the surrounding medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01394.x
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
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    THE PROGRESSION OF BENDING FATIGUE IN NICKEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The progression of fully reversed bending fatigue, in a 99.6% pure polycrystalline nickel (NO2200) at room temperature, was monitored utilizing Nomarski interference contrast microscopy in conjunction with microhardness measurements. It was found that a gradual hardening, without early saturation, occurred from about 95 to 160 HV. Similar data were obtained with indenter weights of 15–500 g, from which it was concluded that a different behaving surface layer did not develop during fatigue. Cracks initiated at coarse slip bands within the first 1% of the life, when the hardness reached 140 HV. The cracking of these bands initiated away from grain boundaries. The slow growth of these slip band cracks dominated the life subsequently. Growth of the cracks both across and beyond the initial grain was difficult. The significant hardening prior to crack initiation and the confinement of the cracking mainly to coarse slip bands, contributed to a good inherent fatigue resistence of nickel. with a fatigue limit above the yield strength. Non-propagating cracks were not observed below the fatigue limit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01398.x
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  • 25
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    FRETTING FATIGUE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES IN TWO STEAM TURBINE STEELS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —Fatigue tests and fretting fatigue tests of two steam turbine steels at room temperature and 773 K were carried out. The reduction of fatigue life and strength in the fretting test were significant at 773 K as well as at room temperature. The values of the friction coefficient at 773 K was almost equal to those at room temperature. The geometry of the fretting fatigue crack was flat in the early stage of fatigue life where a significant effect of fretting was observed. With increasing crack length and with a reducing effect of fretting, the fatigue crack shape changed to a semi-circular form. The fretting fatigue lives predicted on the basis of elastic-plastic fracture mechanics analysis, with the frictional force between the fretting pad and the specimen taken into consideration, agreed well with experimental results at both temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00549.x
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  • 26
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    A TORSION-BENDING LOADING FRAME FOR A UNIAXIAL FATIGUE TEST MACHINE (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A novel mixed-mode loading frame has been designed to fit a uniaxial servo-hydraulic test machine. The frame allows fatigue tests to be performed on circurnferentially slit round bars under combined in-phase torsion and bending loads at positive mean stresses. The growth of fatigue cracks was monitored using a direct current potential drop technique. An empirical equation relating crack depth and voltage is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01386.x
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  • 27
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    CREEP, FATIGUE AND CREEP-FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH RATES IN PARENT AND SIMULATED HAZ TYPE 321 STAINLESS STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Crack growth rate data are presented from a range of fully reversed displacement-controlled fatigue and creep-Fatigue tests and from static load-controlled creep crack growth tests on aged 321 stainless steel (parent and simulated HAZ) at 650 ° C. In the creep fatigue tests, constant displacement tensile hold periods of 12–192 h were used. Crack growth rates comprised both cyclic and dwell period contributions. Cyclic growth contributions are described by a Paris-type law and give faster crack growth rates than those associated with pure fatigue tests. Dwell period contributions are described by the C* parameter. The total cyclic crack growth rates are given by summing the cyclic and dwell period contributions. Estimates of C* using a reference stress approach together with the appropriate stress relaxation creep data are shown to correlate well with experimentally measured C* values. Crack growth rates during static load-controlled tests correlate well with C*. Good agreement is obtained between crack growth rates during the static tests and those produced during the hold period of the creep-fatigue tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01389.x
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    Information on Conferences/Seminars (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01176.x
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  • 29
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    HIGH TEMPERATURE FATIGUE DAMAGE IN THREE AUSTENITIC ALLOYS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A series of cyclic strain controlled tests have been carried out at 600°C on three high temperature austenitic iron-based alloys. These alloys were AISI type 316 stainless steel, Alloy 800 H and Sandvik 253 MA. The tests were carried out under constant total strain control using a constant strain rate of 0.005 s−′. Damage mechanics was applied to the results in order to follow the accumulation of damage. By consideiing the changes in modulus throughout the life of each specimen it was found that damage evolution could be successfully predicted as a function of plastic strain range despite the fact that each alloy had been chosen because of a different stress response at 600°C, namely cyclic saturation, hardening, and softening followed by hardening for the AISI 316, 253 MA and Alloy 800 H respectively. Although each alloy accumulated fatigue damage in a similar manner the longer lives of Sandvik 253 MA and Alloy 800 H at a given total strain range were due to a smaller plastic strain component and a reduced stage I crack propagation rate. In the 253 MA alloy. slip was predominantly planar with some cells occasionally forming at high strain ranges. Slip was localized in Alloy 800 H due to the shearing of small γ precipitates. In the AISI 316 stainless steel, dislocation cells formed at all strain ranges. It is concluded that all these alloys accumulate damage similarly, independent of their deformation behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01392.x
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  • 30
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    THE GROWTH OF MICROSTRUCTURALLY SMALL FATIGUE CRACKS IN A FERRITIC-PEARLITIC STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The growth behaviour of microstructurally small fatigue cracks was investigated with smooth specimens of a ferritic-pearlitic steel, S45C. under rotating bending. The effects of microstructure, particularly the role of pearlite structure, on crack growth were evaluated based on detailed microscopic observations. In the region smaller than a certain crack length. small cracks tended to grow preferentially in the ferrite structure, and the crack growth rates decreased markedly at ferrite-pearlite boundaries when small cracks grew into the pearlite from the ferrite. The above region of crack length, i.e. the length of microstructurally small cracks, depended on stress level, increasing with decreasing stress level. The growth mechanism is also discussed in terms of the results obtained from fractogrdphy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01387.x
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  • 31
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    A DUCTILITY EXHAUSTION EVALUATION OF SOME LONG TERM CREEP/FATIGUE TESTS ON AUSTENITIC STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A limited number of long term creep/fatigue tests performed on two batches of Type 316 steel and one batch of associated 17Cr8Ni2Mo weld metal are reported. Test durations range from 5000 to 32,000 h and temperatures from 5.50 to 625 ° C. Subsequent metallographic examination shows the failures to be wholly or predominantly intergranular. The results are analysed using a ductility exhaustion approach and it is shown that the endurances obtained are within a factor of two of predicted values. The results confirm that the design approach to creep/fatigue currently being developed in the U.K. and based on ductility exhaustion is likely to be satisfactory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01390.x
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  • 32
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    MAGNETOSTRICTION EFFECTS IN CRACK LENGTH MEASUREMENTS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue crack lengths were measured in a ferromagnetic material (a low alloy steel) using the d.c. potential drop technique. Significant cyclic fluctuations in potential were observed. Using discriminatory tests it has been established that the fluctuations may be attributed to inverse magnetostriction known as the Villari effect. The strain rate dependence of the fluctuations was investigated using sinusoidal, square and sawtooth waveforms, and the amplitude of the fluctuations was shown to be proportional to strain rate. In some cases the amplitude of the fluctuations was of similar magnitude to the crack length measurement potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01178.x
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01166.x
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  • 34
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    A CRITICAL PLANE APPROACH TO MULTIAXIAL FATIGUE DAMAGE INCLUDING OUT-OF-PHASE LOADING (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A modification to Brown and Miller's critical plane approach is proposed to predict multiaxial fatigue life under both in-phase and out-of-phase loading conditions. The components of this modified parameter consist of the maximum shear strain amplitude and the maximum normal stress on the maximum shear strain amplitude plane. Additional cyclic hardening developed during out-of-phase loading is included in the normal stress term. Also, the mathematical formulation of this new parameter is such that variable amplitude loading can be accommodated. Experimental results from tubular specimens made of 1045 HR steel under in-phase and 90° out-of-phase axial-torsional straining using both sinusoidal and trapezoidal wave forms were correlated within a factor of about two employing this approach. Available Inconel 718 axial-torsional data including mean strain histories were also satisfactorily correlated using the aforementioned parameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01169.x
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  • 35
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    FRICTIONAL EFFECTS ON FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH IN β -ANNEALED Ti-6Al-4V (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The crack tip cyclic heat generation rate, fatigue crack growth rate, and the crack closure stress were measured in a β-annealed Ti-6Al-4V for R ratios of -0.1, 0.1 and 0.2. The R= -0.1 and 0.1 cases exhibited macroscopic crack closure and the R = 0.2 case exhibited no macroscopic crack closure as measured by strain gage techniques. There was a transition in the slope of the da/dN vs ΔK curve for the closure cases and no transition for the no-closure case. The crack tip heat generation rate above the transition for the closure cases was an order of magnitude greater than for the no-closure case. Also the crack tip heat generation rate below the transition was greater for the closure cases than for the no-closure case. The transition in the heat generation rate and the crack growth rate was attributed to a transition from static frictional locking of shear branch cracks to sliding of the branch crack surfaces. Below the transition the crack faces are locked open creating a large roughness-induced closure component. When the branch cracks are allowed to undergo reverse shear, the amount of roughness-induced closure markedly decreases and the fracture surface becomes less tortuous. The relative sliding generates the increased heat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01171.x
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  • 36
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    EXPERIMENTAL FATIGUE EVALUATION OF EXTERNALLY WELDED BOX GIRDERS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— An experimental study has been carried out to evaluate the fatigue strength and life of externally welded box girders used in gantry cranes and bridge structures. In this study, a reduced scale model was fabricated and tested under conditions similar to those of the prototype. Model analysis was used to select the model dimensions and loads. The test model was subjected to bending, shear and torsional stresses under load control conditions. After test completion, the critical sections were visually and microscopically inspected. No fatigue crack initiation was found. The results of this investigation is expected to help in establishing a fatigue design criteria for externally welded box girders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01174.x
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  • 37
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    FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR OF A ZINC-ALUMINIUM ALLOY AT HIGH HOMOLOGOUS TEMPERATURES (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The fatigue crack growth behaviour and crack closure response of a zinc base die casting alloy at high homologous temperature were studied. The crack growth rate was both frequency and temperature dependent. The frequency dependence of crack growth rate, which has been commonly attributed to creep-fatigue interaction, can be rationalized by the crack closure phenomenon. The temperature dependence is contrary to that observed in other materials and cannot be simply explained in terms of the interaction between creep and fatigue damage. The effect of a single tensile overload on the crack growth behaviour at high homologous temperatures has also been investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01163.x
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  • 38
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01213.x
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  • 39
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    SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01215.x
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  • 40
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    RESULTS OF A ROUND ROBIN ON STRETCH ZONE WIDTH DETERMINATION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— -A round robin on experimental stretch zone width (SZW) measurement was conducted. The SZW of eight different materials showing an SZW range of 5 to 200 μm was measured by evaluating a set of micrographs. The round robin was carried out by 14 participants from different firms and institutes. The standard deviation of the experimental SZW measurement was found to be in a range of smaller than 75% of the stretch zone average SZW. For 90% of the micrographs the standard deviation of SZW remains in a range smaller than 35% of SZW. This scatter range was not significantly influenced by the experience of the participants in measuring the individual SZW, the materials tested and the magnitude of the SZW itself. The SZW results determined in this round robin match well with a theoretical SZW determination using the recently developed blunting line equation including strain hardening: SZW = 0.4 dn* J/E.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01217.x
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  • 41
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00491.x
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  • 42
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    A REVIEW OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH CHARACTERISATION BY LINEAR ELASTIC FRACTURE MECHANICS (LEFM). PART I—PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF DATA GENERATION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The application of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) to the characterisation of fatigue crack growth has been reviewed. In Part I the present understanding of the factors influencing growth rate is summarised, and the current methods of fatigue crack growth rate data generation are considered in the light of this. In Part II, documents are reviewed which provide advice on the prediction of fatigue crack growth and also those national standards in which fatigue crack growth considerations are implicit.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01219.x
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    SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00492.x
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  • 44
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    MODEL-BASED STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH IN Ti 6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The framework of a new probabilistic model of short fatigue crack growth was laid down in the preceding paper. In this paper, the model is used to analyze growth rate statistics for surface fatigue cracks in Ti 6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo. Specific models are proposed for the evolution of the stochastic growth control variable, which appears subsequently as an independent variable in a parametric law for the growth rate. Comparison with data shows that for cracks of length 10–250 μm in Ti 6–2-4–6, fluctuations in the instantaneous rate of propagation of each surface crack tip depend only on the visible surface microstructure in the tip's immediate neighborhood. They are not influenced by the microstructural environment of the subsurface crack front. Furthermore, they probably depend only on the sizes of at most the three grains nearest the crack tip, i.e. those within about 30 μm of it.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00494.x
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  • 45
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    FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION AND CRACK CLOSURE BEHAVIOR IN POLYCARBONATE AND FIBRE REINFORCED POLYCARBONATE (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue crack propagation was investigated in polycarbonate and glass fibre reinforced polycarbonate and the effect of stress ratio and glass fibre content determined. The addition of glass fibre increases the tensile strength, but does not always contribute to an increase in fatigue crack propagation resistance. For polycarbonate the effect of stress ratio can be partly explained by using crack closure concepts as other researchers have suggested, but for glass fibre reinforced polycarbonate this was not possible. Fractography revealed a void growth process, which occurred by decohesion at the interface of the glass fibres and the base material, which was dependent on the maximum stress intensity factor. The process of linking the voids and the main crack growth behavior depended on the stress intensity factor range, ΔK. A proposed crack propagation model can explain the effect of stress ratio on crack propagation in fibre reinforced polycarbonate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00496.x
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  • 46
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    Jc DETERMINATION FOR SHALLOW NOTCH WELDED BEND SPECIMENS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Methods are presented for the determination of J from 3 point bend specimens having 0.1 ≤a/W≤ 0.5 using the load versus crack mouth opening displacement trace. It is intended that the procedure be used to determine Jc, J at unstable fracture in the brittle to ductile transition, from specimens and test procedures which conform to the CTOD test standard BS5762. Elastic-plastic finite element computations are used to demonstrate the adequacy of the proposed estimation procedures for J and to show that it is still possible to apply them to specimens containing welded joints. The problems of defining a centre of rotation for plastic deformation in shallow notched bend specimens are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00498.x
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  • 47
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    THE EFFECT OF FREQUENCY IN ENVIRONMENTAL FATIGUE TESTS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The complex dependence of environmental fatigue crack growth rate on loading variables, has been studied for a pressure vessel steel in a pure water environment. Attention has been focused on the frequency effect, which has been interpreted by using a superposition model. With this approach, the maximum expected crack growth rate can be quantitatively estimated as a function of frequency; critical ΔK values for the onset of stress corrosion fatigue can be calculated as a function of crack tip strain rate, which depends on applied load, load rise time and crack length.The approach has been verified by a comparison with experimental data from two laboratories. The agreement of data with the prediction is quite good.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00487.x
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    ANNOUNCEMENT (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00201.x
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    A PROBABILISTIC MODEL OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A probabilistic model is presented that draws a direct link between stochastic microstructure and the statistics of measured growth rates. The model is formulated as a semi-Markov process. The underlying Markov process describes the evolution of a growth control variable as an explicit function of crack length. The growth control variable is open to a variety of interpretations, depending on the mechanisms known to control growth in any given application. Elapsed fatigue cycles and the distribution of times to failure are calculated by invoking an empirical or postulated law of growth rate. This law is either a deterministic or probabilistic relationship between the growth control variable and the crack velocity. It may, and usually does, contain parameters that are evaluated by calibration against available statistical data. This process guarantees a high level of robustness of the model's predictions. The computational generality of the formulation facilitates the treatment of spectral loading.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00490.x
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    NEAR-THRESHOLD FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH AND CRACK CLOSURE IN A NODULAR CAST IRON (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Near-threshold fatigue crack growth and crack closure were investigated in a nodular cast iron. Fracture surface roughness was promoted by spheroidal graphites. The spheroidal graphites are partially crushed to form powder which accumulates within the crack and thus enhance crack closure. The marked influence of stress ratio on near-threshold crack growth is due to graphite-induced crack closure. When the contribution of graphite-induced crack closure is excluded, the crack growth characteristics are insensitive to stress ratio, and the threshold behaviour for crack growth tends to disappear. In this case, Young's modulus becomes a controlling material parameter for the power law relationship between crack growth rate and stress intensity range.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00206.x
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    THE EFFECTS OF MOISTURE ON THE FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR OF A LOW ALLOY STEEL NEAR THRESHOLD (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The influence of moisture on the fatigue crack growth behaviour near threshold of a 2NiCrMoV rotor steel has been investigated. At a high stress ratio (R= 0.6), moisture enhances fatigue crack growth rates by approximately 60% compared with the growth rate in dry air. The effect would appear to be due to the influence of hydrogen which is confined to a volume of material at the crack tip considerably smaller than the plastic zone. At a low stress ratio (R= 0.14), the growth rates in moist air can be very much lower than in dry air. This difference is closely associated with the formation of oxides on the fracture surface—moisture modifying the type and extent of oxidation which is observed. Observations of transient crack growth following environmental changes, suggest that fracture surface oxides within approximately 0.3 mm of the crack tip exert a strong retarding influence on crack growth although oxides up to at least 3 mm from the tip may also have some retarding effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00208.x
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    THE INFLUENCE OF SPECIMEN GEOMETRY ON NEAR THRESHOLD FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The near threshold fatigue behavior of a nickel base superalloy and a wrought 2024 aluminum alloy is examined as a function of specimen geometry. Experimental results revealed that for a given value of ΔK in Region I, crack growth rates were observed to increase as the specimen loading became more symmetric with respect to the load line. Compact tension type specimens exhibited lower crack growth rates than the more symmetrically loaded center cracked tension specimens. Consideration of the observed discrepancies is given in terms of the near field crack tip stress distribution and deformation behavior of the material affecting crack advance.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00211.x
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    SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00475.x
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    PREDICTION OF THE LENGTH OF NON-PROPAGATING FATIGUE CRACKS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Non-propagating cracks have been observed at notch roots by several workers. A simple linear elastic fracture mechanics model based on the Kitagawa-Takahashi diagram is presented in this paper to predict the occurrence and length of non-propagating cracks. Predicted crack lengths are compared with experimental data taken from the literature.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00477.x
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    FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF A RAIL SUBJECTED TO CONTROLLED SERVICE CONDITIONS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A fatigue analysis was conducted on a rail that was placed in the Facility for Accelerated Service Testing (FAST) after a detail fracture was detected in service. The initial detail crack produced in service was grown to failure under controlled FAST conditions simulating service. Knowledge of the FAST wheel/rail load history for this rail made it an ideal candidate for quantitative fatigue crack growth analysis.The investigation revealed that undulations in the detail fracture surface were caused by changes in the direction of traffic. The angle of the facture surface, with respect to the running surface of the rail, was measured for each direction change. These results showed that the angles did not change significantly as the depth of the crack increased, relative to the running surface.The change in the direction of traffic and the associated change in the angle of the detail fracture provided benchmarks on the surface that were used to estimate the crack growth rate between each train reversal. The results showed that the rate of detail crack growth remained relatively constant from its initial size, until it broke out on the gage side of the rail. After gage-side break out, the crack growth rate increased until failure of the rail occurred.This paper provides documentation on the process of detail fracture development in this specific rail. A discussion is also included which addresses the question of why detail fractures develop, and what the probable driving forces are for their growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00479.x
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01152.x
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    THE BEHAVIOUR OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACKS AND THEIR INITIATION PART I—A REVIEW OF TWO RECENT BOOKS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01150.x
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    MARTENSITE FORMATION AND THE RELATED TOUGHNESS IN 304 STAINLESS STEEL DURING LOW TEMPERATURE FATIGUE (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Effect of transformed martensite during low temperature fatigue in metastable 304 stainless steel on low temperature toughness were investigated. Low temperature fatigue was mainly conducted at R= 0.1 with maximum stress of 1030 MPa at −196°C. The amount of martensite during fatigue cyclic deformation was related to the reduction of impact toughness and to the apparent fracture toughness. Beyond 30% of martensite formation, a strong decrease of low temperature impact toughness was found. This phenomenon is related to the phase stability of the metastable austenitic phase.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00486.x
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    AN ANALYSIS OF CRACK TIP SHIELDING IN ALUMINUM ALLOY 2124: A COMPARISON OF LARGE, SMALL, THROUGH-THICKNESS AND SURFACE FATIGUE CRACKS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The development of crack closure during the plane strain extension of large and small fatigue cracks has been investigated in a 2124 aluminum alloy using both experimental and numerical procedures. Specifically, the growth rate and crack closure behavior of long (∼17–38 mm) cracks, through-thickness physically-short (50–400 μm) cracks, and naturally-occurring microstructurally-small (2–400 μm) surface cracks have been examined experimentally from threshold levels to instability (over the range 10–12–10–6m/cycle). Results are compared with those predicted numerically using an elastic-plastic finite element analysis of fatigue crack advance and closure under both plane stress and plane strain conditions. It is shown that both the short through-thickness and small surface cracks propagate below the long crack threshold at rates considerably in excess of long cracks, consistent with the reduced levels of closure developed in their limited wake. Numerical analysis, however, is found consistently to underpredict the magnitude of crack closure for both large and small cracks, particularly at near-threshold levels; an observation attributed to the fact that the numerical procedures can only model contributions from cyclic plasticity, whereas in reality significant additional closure arises from the wedging action of fracture surface asperities and corrosion debris. Although such shielding mechanisms are considered to provide a prominent mechanism for differences in the growth rate behavior of large and small cracks, other factors such as the nature of the stress and strain singularity and the extent of local plasticity are shown to play an important role.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00485.x
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    ANNOUNCEMENT (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00473.x
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    NEW PATENTS SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00476.x
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    INFORMATION OF CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00474.x
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    EFFECT OF FATIGUE CRACK CLOSURE ON NEAR-THRESHOLD CRACK RESISTANCE OF STRUCTURAL STEELS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The present paper is an attempt to clarify conditions for plasticity-induced and oxide-induced crack closure as well as to evaluate the effect of crack closure on near-threshold fatigue crack behaviour.The autocatalytic character of oxide formation at the crack tip has been elucidated in this study. An increase of plastic constraint at the crack tip is shown to intensify the fretting oxide formation process on the fracture surface and thus to cause an increase of the stress intensity factor range controlling the fatigue crack propagation rate. The proposed concept of stress state influence on crack closure allows us to explain the effect of specimen thickness on ΔKth.
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    RAIN FLOW CYCLE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION UNDER GAUSSIAN LOAD PROCESSES (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— We present a new and simple definition of the Rain Flow Cycle count method for the analysis of a random load process. It is combined with the Palmgren-Miner damage rule, and a stochastic model for the fatigue life and fatigue limit variability. Algorithms are presented which make it possible to calculate the RFC-amplitude distribution, based on a Markov Chain approximation of local maxima and minima. The method derived would apply to structures subjected to random fatigue loads such as acoustic noise, random vibration or sea waves, etc.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00482.x
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    INFORMATION OF CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01151.x
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    CEGB ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE FOR DEFECTS IN PLANT OPERATING IN THE CREEP RANGE (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In recent years considerable progress has been made in research work addressing the behaviour of defects at elevated temperature. Developments have been made both in structural assessment techniques and in methods for analysing representative materials data. On the basis of these developments a procedure has been produced within the CEGB for the assessment of defects in plant operating in the creep range under loadings for which creep rather than creep-fatigue is the dominant failure mechanism. This paper describes the CEGB procedure. Calculations are required for three events: the time for overall structural failure by continuum damage mechanisms; the time for incubation prior to crack extension; and the time for subsequent growth to a maximum tolerable defect size. Methods are presented for calculating these times and for obtaining the materials data required to perform the calculations.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01154.x
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb01143.x
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    MIXED MODE SMALL CRACK GROWTH (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 10 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The fatigue crack growth behavior of small part-through cracks in 1045 steel and Inconel 718 subjected to biaxial loading has been investigated. Experiments were performed on thin-wall tubular specimens loaded in tension, torsion and combined tension torsion. Crack sizes analyzed ranged from 20 μm to 1 mm and growth rates ranged from 10-7 to 10-4 mm/cycle for 1045 steel and from 10-5 to 10-2 mm/cycle for Inconel. Nucleation and the early growth of cracks occurs on planes of maximum shear strain amplitude for both of these materials even in tensile loading. An equivalent strain based intensity factor was employed to correlate the crack growth rate under mixed mode loading conditions In loading conditions other than torsion, a transition from mode II to mode I was observed for 1045 steel. Principal strains were used to analyze mode I cracks. Cracks in Inconel 718 grow in mode II for the majority of the fatigue life. The maximum shear strain amplitude and the tensile strain normal to the maximum shear strain amplitude plane were used to calculate the strain based intensity factor for mixed mode loading.
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00465.x
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    CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR OF FATIGUE MICROCRACKS IN LOW CARBON STEELS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The behaviour of low carbon steels has been studied, in particular the initiation and growth of the major crack which led to final fracture of smooth specimens, via surface replica and photomicrograph techniques. From this study, the fracture process and fatigue life prediction characterized by the growth of surface microcracks have been analysed by a new approach unifying the conventional approaches based on the final fracture of materials with the fracture mechanics approach. Knowledge of fracture parameters is critical for non-destructive inspection during service life and the application of fracture mechanics to life prediction and assessment.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00468.x
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    FATIGUE UNDER OUT-OF-PHASE BENDING AND TORSION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Test data on fatigue under out-of-phase bending and torsion has been reanalysed. For the materials tested failure has been found to be consistent with the plane of maximum range of maximum range of maximum principal stress, as for the in-phase case. The critical shear planes are assumed to be those associated with this principal stress plane. A multiaxial fatigue damage parameter based on the maximum range of shear stress on the critical shear plane allowing for the effect of the range of normal stress occurring on this plane has been used to develop a proposed set of design curves for in-phase bending and torsion which are conservative for the long life out-of-phase case.
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00457.x
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    SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Editor's Note: The following Software Descriptions have been submitted by our readers in response to our call for an open exchange of information on software programs. They are offered without review or comment to provide a rapidly published, easily accessible avenue of communication. Other readers with relevant software packages are invited to complete and submit a Software Description Form (found at the end of this section).
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    WEIGHTED AVERAGED STRESS INTENSITY FACTORS OF CIRCULAR-FRONTED CRACKS IN CYLINDRICAL BARS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Stress intensity factors are calculated in weighted average at the surface and the deepest point of a circular-fronted surface crack in a cylindrical bar by use of the weight function method. A wide range of various crack shapes are studied, from a nearly straight-fronted edge crack to a semi-circular crack front. Use of the weight function method requires that the crack opening displacement field of a reference load has to be known. It was obtained by 3-D finite element analysis. Results are presented for the cracked cylinder subjected to a constant stress (tension) and a linear stress distribution acting perpendicular to the crack faces and they are compared with values found by other investigators.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00460.x
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    ON DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH RATE AND GEOMETRICAL SIMILITUDE OF CRACKS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Dimensional analysis has been applied to the fatigue failure of a material. The growth rate of cracks propagating within the limitations of LEFM can be described unequivocably by ΔK, as for example, in the Paris law. However, in the more general case, when LEFM conditions are violated or when the crack is short, an extra term, relating plastic zone size to crack length, is needed to preserve the physical similarity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00463.x
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    THE EFFECTS OF SUB-CRITICAL CRACK GROWTH ON THE FRACTURE BEHAVIOUR OF CRACKED FERRITIC STEELS AFTER WARM PRESTRESSING (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The effects of sub-critical crack extension on the fracture properties of ferritic steels after they have been subjected to warm prestressing are investigated. The crack growth is assumed to occur at the temperature of the final loading, after the warm prestressing and the subsequent unloading. Predictions of the fracture behaviour are made using continuum mechanics and a fracture criterion based on a modified J-integral. The results of these calculations are consistent with those of a micromechanistic model of cleavage fracture from a sharp crack. Both the theories predict that the beneficial elevation in fracture load produced by warm prestressing is maintained after sub-critical crack growth provided the latter is not greater than the compressive yielded zone formed on unloading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00452.x
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  • 77
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    Fourth International Conference on NUMERICAL METHODS IN FRACTURE MECHANICS (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00435.x
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  • 78
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    CYCLIC CREEP ACCELERATION AND RETARDATION IN Cr-Mo-V ROTOR STEEL AT AMBIENT AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURE RESPECTIVELY (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The cyclic creep properties of Cr-Mo-V rotor steel have been explored at room temperature and elevated temperature by multiple-step tests with increasing maximum stress (R= 0), and with subsequent tests in partial unloading (0 ≤R 〈 1). Cyclic creep acceleration is observed at room temperature and cyclic creep retardation at elevated temperature. This behavior is explained in terms of cyclic softening at low temperature and by creep-dominated deformation at high temperature with a ferritic material considered especially prone to retardation because of the high diffusivity of b.c.c. material. Other interesting effects, such as strain burst phenomena and the observation of anomalously high values of the ratio of diametral strain to axial strain, are also reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00448.x
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  • 79
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    ON FATIGUE CRACK SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS IN COPPER SINGLE CRYSTALS (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Measurements of crack depths by newly developed sectioning techniques raise questions about the validity of the optical microscopy technique used by Cheng and Laird for measuring crack size distributions. Accordingly, these measurements have been repeated using an improved technique. The cracks have thus been found deeper than reported earlier. This result suggests that random-walk mechanisms for crack nucleation apply to the earliest stages of fatigue life. Moreover, it is found that the crack size distribution matches the distribution of local strains in persistent slip bands, suggesting that Stage I crack propagation kinetics are controlled by the local plastic strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00439.x
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  • 80
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    THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LOW CYCLE FATIGUE AND ELASTO-PLASTIC BEHAVIOUR OF MATERIALS (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb01204.x
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  • 81
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb01206.x
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  • 82
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    HUMID AIR EFFECTS ON CRACK TIP PLASTIC WORK IN 1008 STEEL (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The cyclic plastic work of fatigue crack propagation, Qpw, and the effective surface energy, U, were measured for an annealed 1008 steel in humid air and dry nitrogen using calorimetry Qpw was not significantly affected by the humid air environment suggesting that the hydrogen generated by the oxidation of iron at the crack tip does not strongly affect the cyclic properties for this material U was identical and constant for the two environments for crack growth rates greater than ∼ 100 A/cycle. Below da/dN∼ 100 A/cycle U decreased rapidly with decreasing δK in the humid air environment It was concluded from these two observations that the main effect of hydrogen on crack growth in this alloy was to lower the atomic surface energy, γ, thereby lowering the local fracture stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb01210.x
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  • 83
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    SHEAR FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH: A LITERATURE SURVEY (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A fatigue crack is often initiated by a localized cyclic plastic deformation in a crystal where the active slip plane coincides with the plane of maximum shear stress. Once a crack is initiated, the crack will propagate on the maximum shear plane for a while and, in the majority of the cases, will eventually change to the plane of the applied tensile stress. The “shear” and “tensile” modes of fatigue crack propagation are termed stage I and stage II fatigue crack growth. They are also known as mode II and mode I fatigue crack growth. However, the mechanism of the tensile mode fatigue crack propagation is shear in nature.Considerable progress has been made recently in the understanding of mode II fatigue crack growth. This paper reviews the various test methods and related data analyses.The combined mode I and mode II elastic crack tip stress field is reviewed. The development and the design of the compact shear specimen are described and the results of fatigue crack growth tests using the compact shear specimens are reviewed. The fatigue crack growth tests and the results of inclined cracks in tensile panels, center cracks in plates under biaxial loading, cracked beam specimens with combined bending and shear loading, center cracked panels and the double edge cracked plates under cyclic shear loading are reviewed and analyzed in detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00429.x
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  • 84
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    AN EXPERIMENTAL AND STATISTICAL INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE FATIGUE CRACK INITIATION AND GROWTH (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Surface fatigue crack studies were carried out and statistically analysed from rotating bend fatigue tests in the high cycle region for three metals, copper, stainless steel and mild steel with four ferrite grain sizes. Quantitative observations of the initiation and growth behavior, including coalescence of closely spaced cracks, are discussed and a limiting condition for coalescence is proposed. Statistical properties of initiation, propagation and propagation rate of surface cracks are examined and the effect of different metals and grain sizes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00431.x
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  • 85
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    STRESS INTENSITY FACTORS FOR CRACKS IN NOTCHED FINITE PLATES SUBJECTED TO BIAXIAL LOADING (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Stress intensity factors were calculated, based on Bueckner's principle for cracks in both infinite and finite plates with notches subjected to biaxial loading. Approximate Green's functions have been obtained by modifying two existing Green's functions, originally for unnotched plates. Values of stress intensity factors calculated using Bueckner's principle with the approximate Green's functions are in good agreement with published stress intensity factors for cracks in both infinite and finite plates containing a circular notch or an elliptical notch, previously found by the method of boundary collocation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00433.x
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  • 86
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    ANALYSIS OF THE LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE BEHAVIOUR OF TWO Ni-Cr-BASE ALLOYS (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The low-cycle fatigue performance of the Ni-Cr-base alloys IN597 and IN738 has been examined with particular reference to the creep-fatigue interaction. Results are reported showing a systematic effect on life of IN597 of the level of tensile stress during tests involving cycles with dwell periods. For both alloys the simple life fraction rule correlates the data in a fairly satisfactory manner but some method of stress compensation is necessary for the strain range partitioning (SRP) method. Certain limitations of the SRP method in dealing with results from highly creep resistant alloys are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00418.x
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  • 87
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    THE VARIATION OF CRACK OPENING STRESS INTENSITY WITH TIME (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: It was found that crack opening stress intensities are not constant after holding for various times in the unloaded state for iron and a sequence of Fe-Si binary alloys. The crack opening level decreased with time first because of asperity creep and substructure relaxation, and then increased again with time due to reverse plastic zone relaxation allowing a new set of asperities to come into contact. It is demonstrated that the crack closure phenomenon is not only a result of residual plasticity, oxidation and asperities, but also is due to asperity creep and reverse plastic zone relaxation at the crack tip for low strength materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00421.x
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  • 88
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    EFFECTS OF AIR AND INERT ENVIRONMENTS ON THE NEAR THRESHOLD FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOR OF ALLOY 718 (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The near threshold fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 was studied in air and helium environments at room temperature and at 538°C. Tests were performed at 100 Hz and at load ratios of 0.1 and 0.5. At room temperature and at 538°C, the ΔKth values in helium were lower than in air. The ΔKth values in air decreased with increasing load ratio. These results can be explained with a model that involves the accumulation of oxide in the crack which enhances crack closure. In the air tests, the oxide build-up on the fatigue fracture surfaces at ΔKth was of the order of magnitude as the crack tip opening displacement. In the helium tests, no significant build-up of oxide on the fracture surface at threshold was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00420.x
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  • 89
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    FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION IN BENDING FROM AXIAL FATIGUE INFORMATION (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Bending fatigue in the low cyclic life range differs from axial fatigue due to the plastic flow which alters the linear stress-strain relation normally used to determine the nominal stresses. An approach is presented in this report to take into account the plastic flow in calculating nominal bending stress Sbending based on true surface stress. For a given surface strain εS, hence the surface life (NS), an equation is derived to express Sbending in terms of axial fatigue stress (Saxial), involving material constants c, b, NT which are obtained from axial fatigue information and f1 and f2 which are functions of strain hardening exponent and depend on the geometry of cross-section. These functions are derived in closed form for rectangular and circular cross-sections. The nominal bending stress and the axial fatigue stress are plotted as a function of life (NS) and these curves are shown for some materials of engineering interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00462.x
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  • 90
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    OVERLOAD RETARDATION IN A STRUCTURAL STEEL (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The mechanisms causing crack growth retardation after an overload were examined for BS4360 50B steel. It was found that plasticity-induced crack closure is the main cause of retardation when the pre-overload growth rate is in the mid-regime of the growth rate versus stress intensity range plot. When the pre-overload growth rate is near threshold it is argued that retardation at the surface of the specimen is primarily due to strain hardening and to the build-up of a favourable residual stress distribution in the material ahead of the crack tip. Supporting evidence for this argument is provided by a preliminary test on 2014A-T4 aluminium alloy. Plasticity-induced crack closure may be a further cause of retardation in the bulk, plane strain regions of the specimens made from BS4360 50B steel and 2014A-T4 aluminium alloy, when the pre-overload growth rate is near threshold.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00464.x
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  • 91
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    A PROBABILISTIC MODEL FOR LOWER-SHELF FRACTURE TOUGHNESS—THEORY AND APPLICATION (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: When fitting parametric distributions to fracture toughness data, one will often encounter the situation where there are few data available. In such a situation, additional information obtained from a theoretical model can prove to be of value. A theoretical model is described here, which predicts that lower-shelf fracture toughness follows a 2-parameter Weibull distribution with a shape parameter equal to 2 or 4 (depending on the units used for fracture toughness), the scale parameter being determined by the crack front length and a material constant. A rule-of-thumb is given for determining when it is an advantage to use this theoretical information, and when it is best to fit a parametric distribution on the basis of the available data alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00453.x
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  • 92
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    A NEW METHOD TO PREDICT THE LIFE UNDER HIGH-TEMPERATURE LOW CYCLE FATIGUE CONDITIONS (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The low cycle fatigue lives of some nickel-base alloys tested at high temperature are predicted using a linear time dependent damage accumulation rule. Based on stress rupture data, the rule correctly predicts the cyclic life provided that the ratio of the inelastic strain rate in the cycle to the minimum creep rate in a stress rupture test (performed at the maximum cycle stress and at the same temperature) is near to one. If this ratio is much larger than one, the rule gives an upper limit to the cyclic life time. For that case a modified rule is proposed with a single fitting parameter which is adjusted to high frequency low-cycle fatigue test data. Using the nickel-base alloy data it is shown that life extrapolations to (i) low testing frequencies, (ii) a higher temperature and (iii) different cycle shapes, are possible too within a factor of two.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00443.x
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  • 93
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    NON-DAMAGING NOTCHES IN FATIGUE (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The fact that very small notches (cavities, holes, scratches, etc.) have no effect on the fatigue limit of metallic materials is well known. This paper presents both a qualitative explanation for the existence of non-damaging notches and a quantitative derivation of their critical sizes. The condition for a notch (characterized by the stress concentration factor Kt and the notch root radius ρ) to be non-damaging in a metallic material (characterized by a critical crack size l0) is(K2t− 1)ρ≤ 4.5 l0.The critical crack size can be expressed with good approximation in terms of the threshold stress intensity for fatigue crack growth and the plain fatigue limit. Therefore the above relation can be applied for an engineering evaluation of non-damaging notches. Test results obtained for copper and a pressure vessel steel demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00446.x
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  • 94
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    THE GROWTH OF SMALL FATIGUE CRACKS IN A LOW CARBON STEEL; THE EFFECT OF MICROSTRUCTURE AND LIMITATIONS OF LINEAR ELASTIC FRACTURE MECHANICS (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The growth characteristics of small fatigue cracks were studied under rotary bending in a low carbon steel prepared with two ferrite grain sizes of 24 and 84 μm, and were compared with the growth characteristics of large through cracks in fracture mechanics type specimens. The effect of microstructure on crack growth rates and the interaction in growth behaviour between two neighboring small cracks were examined experimentally, and also the critical crack lengths above which linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) is applicable were evaluated for small crack growth and for fatigue crack thresholds. It is found that small cracks grow much faster than large ones and also show growth rate perturbations due to grain boundaries. It is indicated that the critical crack lengths for fatigue crack thresholds are significantly shorter than those for small crack growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00447.x
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  • 95
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    AN EGF EXERCISE IN PREDICTING DUCTILE INSTABILITY: PHASE 1, COMPACT TENSION SPECIMENS (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The results of a round robin exercise in predicting ductile instability in two compact tension test specimens are presented and analysed. Many techniques were used, both to analyse the given raw data and to analyse the specimen behaviour, and large differences were obtained especially in defining J-resistance parameters. Despite these differences there was little scatter in the final result principally because the specimens failed at plastic collapse. It was concluded that all the techniques were broadly satisfactory provided a plastic collapse analysis is performed, either as part of the analysis or independently.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00437.x
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  • 96
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    FATIGUE AT LOW GROWTH RATES IN A MARAGING STEEL (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper describes an experimental investigation of fatigue-crack growth in an ultra-high strength maraging steel, with particular attention to the relationship between crack growth rate and microstructural element size. The occurrence of intergranular fracture is shown to be unrelated to any grain size-plastic zone size equivalence, while inflections in the growth rate vs ΔK relationship are discussed in terms of the interaction between the plastic zone and other microstructural dimensions. The incidence of intergranular fracture and crack surface oxide is shown to decrease with decreasing test frequency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00441.x
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  • 97
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    INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR OF STEELS AT ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Fatigue crack growth rates have been measured at 22 kHz for two types of carbon steel, between 20 and 500°C under symmetrical push-pull loading. The crack length was determined from the decrease in the resonant frequency of the specimen. For ČSN 412013 steel, an increased crack propagation resistance was observed between 250 and 300°C. The values of the constants C and n in the Paris equation, and Ka,th are dependent on temperature. The fatigue crack growth rate and C both increase with temperature, while n and Ka,th decrease with increasing temperature. Electron scanning and light microscopy have shown that intercrystalline fracture does not occur in ČSN 415313 steel at elevated temperature. Intercrystalline fracture was observed for specimens fatigued at 20°C and also in ČSN 412013 steel at temperatures of 200 and 500°C. The width of the plastic zone and the height of the surface relief around the fatigue crack increased with temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1986.tb00442.x
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  • 98
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    ANALYTICAL AND GRAPHICAL AIDS FOR THE FATIGUE DESIGN OF WELDMENTS (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: There are four important attributes of weldments which, together with the magnitude of the fluctuating stresses applied, determine their resistance to metallic fatigue: the ratio of the applied or self-induced axial and bending stresses; the severity of the discontinuity or notch which is an inherent property of the geometry of the joint; the notch-root residual stresses which result from fabrication and subsequent use of the weldment; and the mechanical properties of the notch-root material in which fatigue crack initiation and growth takes place. A simple version of a more elaborate analytical model of the fatigue behavior of weldments [1] is presented here which provides analytical and graphical design aids for design.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00424.x
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  • 99
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    ON THE IMPACT FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR OF METALLIC MATERIALS (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The impact fatigue crack growth characteristics of a low carbon steel and an aluminium alloy were studied. An impact fatigue testing machine of the Hopkinson bar type was used in these experiments to conduct a series of crack growth tests under simple impact stresses.The following characteristics of impact fatigue crack growth behaviour were revealed: (1) crack growth rate is higher in impact fatigue than in non-impact fatigue; (2) crack opening ratio in impact fatigue takes a higher value than in non-impact fatigue; (3) crack tip plastic zone size is smaller in impact fatigue than in non-impact fatigue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00416.x
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  • 100
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    A MICRO-MECHANICS ANALYSIS FOR SHORT FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Crack initiation and early growth of fatigue cracks in a fully annealed 0.4% carbon steel was investigated using plastic replicas and torsion loading.In a structure consisting of a 70/30 mixture of pearlite and ferrite the cracks are seen to develop and grow initially along slip bands in the ferrite phase. Energetic considerations lead to the formulation of a model which, while characterizing short crack growth rate, also considers those microstructural variables relevant to fatigue crack initiation and early crack growth. The driving force for crack growth is provided by the energy of the slip band; correspondingly crack growth per cycle is proportional to the strength of the slip band.In the short fatigue crack region, cracks grow initially at a fast rate but deceleration occurs quickly and, depending on the stress level, they either arrest or are temporarily halted at a critical length. This critical length is shown to coincide with the value of the threshold length for crack growth under LEFM conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00419.x
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