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  • Leguminosae
  • 1995-1999  (37)
  • 1980-1984  (21)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of flavonoids by Psoralea hairy root cultures (1999)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 56 (1999), S. 96-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: cell line establishment ; coumestrol ; daidzein ; flavonoid ; hairy root ; Leguminosae ; Psoralea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Eighteen transformed root cultures from 7 Psoralea plant species (Leguminosae) were established with the objective of producing daidzein and related flavonoids. All the 18 hairy root lines grew fast and had the same capacities for biomass production. Each of them produced daidzein as an intracellular secondary metabolite. The Lach5 hairy root line, obtained from P. lachnostachys, was a high producing line for daidzein and was further studied for biomass and flavonoid production. This root line showed exponential growth. Chitosan was used for elicitation purposes as well as for its permeabilizing effect. Little elicitation effect could be demonstrated and the metabolite release in the medium was weak (about 1%) and limited to the first 29 h after chitosan addition. Daidzein was demonstrated to be more concentrated in young parts (apexes) whereas coumestrol content was higher in older parts (brown tissues). Compared to callus cultures from the same plant species, hairy roots displayed comparable concentrations. However, high-producing lines were more frequently found with hairy roots (4 out of 18) than with callus cultures (4 out of 217)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006206104795
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproductive biology ofCaesalpinia calycina andC. pluviosa (Leguminosae) of the caatinga of north-eastern Brazil (1999)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 217 (1999), S. 43-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Caesalpinia ; Angiosperms ; bee-pollination ; andromonoecy ; late-acting self-incompatibility ; fruiting success
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The pollination biology, breeding system and fruiting success ofCaesalpinia calycina andC. pluviosa var.sanfranciscana were studied in caatinga vegetation in Bahia, NE Brazil. The principal pollinators for both species were carpenter bees.Caesalpinia calycina is andromonoecious but inC. pluviosa all flowers are hermaphrodite. InC. calycina all selfed flowers were abscised within 72 h despite rapid self-pollen tube growth to the ovary and ovule penetration. Prevention of selfing therefore seems to be controlled by a post-zygotic mechanism. Both species had very low fruit-set and it is suggested that this is at least in part due to geitonogamous pollinations with ovule penetration by self pollen tubes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984921
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollination mechanisms and pollen-ovule ratios in someGenisteae (Fabaceae) from Southwestern Europe (1999)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 216 (1999), S. 23-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Genisteae ; Spain ; nectar ; pollen ; pollination mechanisms ; pollen/ovule ratios ; anther biomass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We studied the biology and floral rewards of 34 taxa ofGenisteae from the SW of Europe. Most of the floral attributes show a statistically significant direct relationship. Anther biomass of the lower whorl (lW) is significantly lower than that of the upper whorl (uW), and the ratio of the two (Rv) differs among the taxa. All taxa are polliniferous, andRetama sphaerocarpa also secretes nectar. They can be considered xenogamous or facultative xenogams on the basis of their high pollen/ovule (P/O) ratios. Three principal mechanisms of pollen releasing are identified in this tribe: valvular, pump and explosive; the latter comprises specialized and nonspecialized subtypes. Pollination is sternotribic except in the specialized explosive mechanism, in which it is noto-sternotribic. Thus some pollen serves as food (pollen from the uW, which adheres to the ventral surface of the insect) and part of the pollen fulfils a polliniferous function (pollen from the lW, which adheres to the dorsal surface). Species that use a pump mechanism have very low Rv values (Rv=0.08−0.26); species with valvular or nonspecialized explosive mechanisms have Rv values between 0.24 and 0.58; those with a specialized mechanism of pollen presentation have high Rv values (0.6−0.76). In contrast to expectations, the highest P/O ratios appear in the specialized explosive system, which allows a single visit from the insect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985099
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Floral ontogeny in tribe Dalbergieae (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae):Dalbergia brasiliensis, Machaerium villosum s. l.Platymiscium floribundum, andPterocarpus rotundifolius (1999)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 219 (1999), S. 1-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Fabaceae ; Leguminosae ; Dalbergieae ; Dalbergia brasiliensis ; Machaerium villosum ; Platymiscium floribundum ; Pterocarpus rotundifolius ; Ontogeny ; flower ; initiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Floral organogenesis and development of the tropical legume treesDalbergia brasiliensis, Machaerium villosum, Platymiscium floribundum, andPterocarpus rotundifolius were studied using scanning electron microscopy. The aims were to compare ontogenies and to elucidate if floral ontogenetic data will provide new character states diagnostic of the tribe Dalbergieae, which is considered a basal papilionoid tribe and primarily defined on fruit characters. Organ inception is principally acropetal in all taxa studied. Carpel inception is, however, consistently precocious. InD. brasiliensis sepals are initiated in an order not previously reported in Papilionoideae. It may be considered modified helical. InP. rotundifolius the inner whorl of stamens initiate in an unusual way, this is lateral two stamens first, then the two abaxial ones, and last the adaxial one, opposed to the unidirectional order usually seen in Papilionoideae. Generally the differences in flower development among the studied genera appear at initiation and late stage in ontogenesis, rather than at mid-stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01090296
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation and documentation of hybridization betweenParkinsonia aculeata andCercidium praecox (Leguminosae:Caesalpinioideae) (1999)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 216 (1999), S. 49-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Parkinsonia aculeata ; Cercidium praecox ; Parkinsonia ×carterae ; Hybridization ; morphometric analysis ; cytology ; weeds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Morphometric, cytogenetic, geographical and ecological evidence for hybridization betweenParkinsonia aculeata andCercidium praecox is presented. Morphometric investigation using the character count procedure and cytogenetic observations confirm hybrid status. All diagnostic morphometric characters were intermediate in the hybrid. Both parents (2n = 28) show regular tetrad formation and pollen fertility greater than 94%. Hybrids have a chromosome number of 2n = 28 or 2n = 30, and display meiotic abnormalities including lagging chromosomes and micronucleus formation; less than 21% of hybrid pollen was fertile. Ecological and geographical information suggests that hybridization is occurring at increasing frequency due to the expanding range ofP. aculeata associated with cultivation as an ornamental, coupled with ecological disturbance and weediness, and the cultivation ofC. praecox and hybrids as fodder, ornamental and shade trees. Hybrid fertility and phenological observations, in conjunction with F-weighted principal component analysis, suggest that the progeny of F1 hybrids are established. The hybrid is formally described asP. ×carterae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985100
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  • 6
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    Notes on Malesian Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae). 3. The genera Dioclea, Luzonia, and Macropsychanthus (1998)
    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.43 (1998) nr.1 p.233
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: The genera Dioclea Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth, Luzonia Elmer, and Macropsychanthus Harms are briefly discussed. Keys to the species and notes to various taxa are given. Dioclea decandra Amshoff is proposed as a new name for Macropsychanthus ferrugineus Merr. Macropsychanthus lauterbachii Harms is lectotypified; its subspecies glabricalyx Verdc. and parviflorus Verdc. are lowered in rank to varieties, subsp. neobrittanicus Verde. is synonymized to var. parviflorus (Verdc.) Adema.
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Dioclea ; Luzonia ; Macropsychanthus ; Malesia
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
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  • 7
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    Notes on Malesian Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae). 3. The genera Dioclea, Luzonia, and Macropsychanthus (1998)
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 43 no. 1, pp. 233-239
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The genera Dioclea Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth, Luzonia Elmer, and Macropsychanthus Harms are briefly discussed. Keys to the species and notes to various taxa are given. Dioclea decandra Amshoff is proposed as a new name for Macropsychanthus ferrugineus Merr. Macropsychanthus lauterbachii Harms is lectotypified; its subspecies glabricalyx Verdc. and parviflorus Verdc. are lowered in rank to varieties, subsp. neobrittanicus Verde. is synonymized to var. parviflorus (Verdc.) Adema.
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Dioclea ; Luzonia ; Macropsychanthus ; Malesia
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic differentiation of groundnut seed-beetle populations in Senegal (1998)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 87 (1998), S. 171-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Caryedon serratus ; Coleoptera ; Bruchidae ; genetic differentiation ; biotypes ; Senegal ; groundnut ; Caesalpinioideae ; Leguminosae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Caryedon serratus, the groundnut seed-beetle, is a major pest of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea), an introduced legume in the subfamily Papilionoideae. Native hosts of C. serratus in Senegal include Bauhinia rufescens, Cassia sieberiana, Piliostigma reticulatum and Tamarindus indica, all of which belong to the legume subfamily Caesalpinioideae. The biology and natural history of C. serratus suggest that it is a candidate for population differentiation via host-race formation. Evidence for host-tree associated differentiation in C. serratus would be important for the design of rational pest management practices. To test this possibility, we analyzed the genetic structure of 20 adult collections of C. serratus from six sites in Western Senegal, on its five hosts. Results show a strong differentiation of insects from different host trees, with specimens from C. sieberiana possibly representing a sibling species and insects from B. rufescens a distinct host-race.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003268331207
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of daidzein by callus cultures of Psoralea species and comparison with plants (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 53 (1998), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: callus culture ; daidzein ; flavonoid ; furanocoumarin ; Leguminosae ; secondary metabolite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Callus cultures were established from five Psoralea species (Leguminosae) with the objective of producing daidzein (isoflavone). The biomass doubling times ranged from 7 to 16 days according to the species and a 48 weeks period was necessary to obtain lines with stable growth characteristics. All the 217 callus lines were analyzed for their daidzein content using HPLC. Our callus collection showed a large interspecific variation and the highest concentrations were recovered in P. obtusifolia callus lines (maximum of 0.9680% DW). Intraspecific variation was also important and allowed the recovery of high-producing lines (production exceeding 0.3000% DW) with four out of the five Psoralea species studied. The daidzein repartition was investigated in planta with P. cinerea in order to evaluate the potential of in vivo production. Mature fruits were the richest organs for daidzein concentration in P. cinerea and were used as indicators to evaluate the possible production with the other four plant species. In vitro concentrations were always much higher than in planta, and no correlation could be established between the calluses and plants for the five species. Our callus lines contained concentrations comparable to Psoralea hairy root lines. They can be considered as an interesting material to further study the production of daidzein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006057211490
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
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    Isozyme diversity, RFLP of the rDNA and phylogenetic affinities among cultivated Lima beans,Phaseolus lunatus (Fabaceae) (1998)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 213 (1998), S. 153-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Phaseolus ; Isozymes ; genetic distance ; Lima bean ; rDNA ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genetic variation inPhaseolus lunatus (Lima bean) was investigated at isozyme and DNA levels. Sixty cultivated accessions, including representatives of the Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools and intermediate types, were analyzed for variability at 17 isozyme loci. Some accessions were also examined for restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) at the rDNA level. These data were used to construct two dendrograms showing clear separation in two distinct groups corresponding to each of the gene pools and an intermediate one probably representing a transitional group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985196
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
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    A second spontaneous hybrid in the genusLeucaena (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae) (1998)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 212 (1998), S. 53-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Leucaena leucocephala ; L. diversifolia ; L. ×spontanea ; Hybridization ; hybrid detection ; spontaneous hybrid ; RAPD ; RFLP ; chloroplast DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The detection of hybridity inLeucaena is discussed in relation to: (i) traditional criteria, (ii) molecular criteria and (iii) models to predict hybrid leaf morphology. Morphological, geographical and molecular evidence for the occurrence of interspecific hybrids betweenL. leucocephala andL. diversifolia in south-central Mexico, northern Guatemala, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, the Philippines and Papua New Guinea is presented. Predicted mean hybrid leaf trait values calculated from parent material are compared with data from putative hybrids and shown to be similar. The origin of these hybrids is discussed and shown to be the result of artificial sympatry resulting from indigenous, and recent exotic, domestication of the parent species. The hybrid is described asL. ×spontanea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985221
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
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    Fire-type and forestry management effects on the early postfire vegetation dynamics of a Pinus pinaster woodland (1998)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 134 (1998), S. 27-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Cistus ladanifer ; Crown-fire ; Fire severity ; Leguminosae ; Mediterranean-type ecosystems ; Spain ; Surface-fire
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this research was to study the effects of type of fire, prefire-, and postfire-management on the postfire vegetation dynamics of a Pinus pinaster woodland in Central Spain, burned at 15 yr of age. The effects of type of fire (crown-, or surface-fire), prefire-management (thinning out of trees and clearing of brush or no such actions) and postfire-management (removal of burned trees one year after the fire or no such action) on the postfire vegetation were studied during the first three years after the fire. Herbaceous plant abundance, species richness, and diversity, as well as abundance, growth and density of the dominant shrub species (Cistus ladanifer) were measured during the first three years after the fire. Our results show that the effects of the type of fire on the vegetation were minimal. Prefire-management effects were significant on the abundance of herbaceous species, mainly during the second and third year after fire, in particular for the Leguminosae species. Prefire managed areas were more diverse in species, and produced higher plant biomass than unmanaged areas. Postfire-management effects on the shrubs and herbs were minimal, except for the Leguminosae, which increased their cover where the trees had been removed. Plant dynamics were marked by the interaction between prefire-management and fire-type through the dynamics of the shrub cover. On most occasions, plots that resulted in lower cover of C. ladanifer had greater abundance of herbaceous plants and, in particular, of the Leguminosae. In general, our results show that irrespective of fire-type, prefire-, or postfire-management all areas tended to be very similar in their vegetation three years after the fire.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009733818670
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
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    Influence of heat on seed germination of seven Mediterranean Leguminosae species (1998)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 136 (1998), S. 95-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Hardseedness ; Heat ; Leguminosae ; Seed germination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of high temperatures (dry heat and hot water) on germination of seven Mediterranean Leguminosae species typical of fire-prone ecosystems in southern Spain is analyzed, in order to know the response of seeds to wildfires and the possible implications in their regeneration after this disturbance. Seeds were heated to a range of temperatures (50 °–150 °C) and exposure times (1–60 min) similar to those registered in the upper soil layers during wildfires. Germination tests were carried out in plastic Petri dishes over 60 days. In general, the degree of seed germination promotion by dry heat treatments showed a wide interspecific variation, although the final germination level was increased in all the studied species except for Scorpiurus muricatus. The thermal pretreatment of 50 °C, however, was not effective for germination in any species, and rising the temperature to 70 °C only slightly enhanced the germination in Cytisus patens. The preheatings of 90 °C (5 and 10 min), 120 °C (5 and 10 min), and 150 °C (1 min) were the most effective in promoting seed germination. Hot water (100 °C) scarification also increased the final germination level in all cases, with the exception of C. patens. The germination rates after preheating were much lower than in mechanically scarified seeds and closely resembled those of the untreated seeds, except for C. reverchonii, whose seed germination rate decreased with heat. The response of species to heat shock had no clear relationship with life trait or with the specific post-fire regeneration strategy (obligate seeder or facultative resprouter). Those species coexisting in the same habitats had different heat optimal requirements for seed germination, an strategy suggested by some authors as minimizing interspecific competition in the secondary succession started after fire.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009702318641
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemotaxonomic features of lipophilic components inAdesmia species (Leguminosae) (1998)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 210 (1998), S. 141-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Adesmia grandiflora ; A. retrofracta ; A. incana ; A. bicolor ; A. trijuga ; A. horrida ; Leguminosae ; Chemical composition ; chemotaxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Studies were performed on GC-MS to assess the lipophilic composition of sixAdesmia species representing two subgenera and three series. Normal fatty acids and hydrocarbons were mainly found, as well as acetylenic compounds, dibasic acids, cyclic hydrocarbons, high molecular weight alcohols and one sterol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984732
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  • 15
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    Regeneration of plants from callus tissue of Desmodium affine and Desmodium uncinatum (1997)
    Springer
    Biologia plantarum 39 (1997), S. 309-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8264
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; growth regulators ; tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Plants were in vitro regenerated from leaf callus of Desmodium affine and D. uncinatum. Leaf explants were induced to form callus when aseptically cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 6 mg dm-3 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) in combination with 1 mg dm-3 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Regeneration of shoots was induced when callus was cultured on MS medium supplemented with 6 mg dm-3 BAP and 0.01 mg dm-3 NAA. Roots regenerated in high frequency when differentiated shoots were subcultured on MS medium supplemented only with 0.01 mg dm-3 NAA. The regenerated plantlets were successfully grown in pots. Calli from D. incanum failed to regenerate shoots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1000696319639
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  • 16
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    Oviposition Stimulants for Sulfur ButterflyColias erate poliographys: Cyanoglucosides as Synergistis Involved in Host Preference (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 23 (1997), S. 323-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Oviposition stimulants ; Colias erate ; Lepidoptera ; Pieridae ; Trifolium repens ; Leguminosae ; cyanoglucosides ; linamarin ; lotaustralin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Host-plant chemicals stimulating oviposition by a Leguminosae-feeding pierid butterflyColias erate poliographyswere isolated and identified from one of its primary host plants, white clover (Trifolium repens). Females readily deposited eggs in response to methanolic extracts of the plant, and subsequent partition of the extracts with organic solvents revealed that chemical constituents critical for host recognition reside in the water-soluble fraction. Further fractionation of the hydrosoluble fraction by column chromatography led to the separation of an active fraction and two cyanoglucosides, linamarin and lotaustralin. Conspicuous oviposition response was evoked by unidentified polar compound(s), while these cyanoglucosides exerted no stimulatory activity by themselves. However, ovipositing females preferred samples containing either of the two cyanoglucosides. In dual-choice bioassays, significantly more eggs were laid on samples admixed with the cyanoglucosides, suggesting that the cyanoglucosides serve as synergistic oviposition stimulants and could play an important role in host selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006362.96722.c9
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  • 17
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    Distribution of allozyme variation inVicia benghalensis (Leguminosae) suggests the existence of two genepools (1997)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 207 (1997), S. 99-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Vicia benghalensis ; Genetic diversity ; genetic structure ; isozymes ; reproductive system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract InVicia benghalensis two biotypes differing in biochemical and cytological features were identified in previous studies. It was hypothesized that these biotypes could also vary in reproductive behaviour and be genetically isolated. To better understand this issue, 25 distinct samples were studied using allozymes. Nine enzyme systems, accounting for 15 putative loci, were scored. The data obtained were analysed using population diversity parameters; Nei's genetic distance was calculated and used to construct a dendrogram. Principal component analysis was conducted to verify the dendrogram and to determine which alleles had stronger influence on the grouping of populations. The analyses demonstrated that the two previously identified biotypes are genetically different: Nei's distance between the two groups is larger than the distance within each group. Three-dimensional plotting of the first three principal components corroborates this division. Genetic diversity parameters confirm that the two biotypes also differ in outcrossing rates. These results denote the existence of two highly divergent genepools inV. benghalensis and suggest that a speciation process may be acting. The consequence of the present findings on the management of gene bank collections is analysed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985211
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  • 18
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    Isozyme variation inFaidherbia albida (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae) (1997)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 207 (1997), S. 119-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Faidherbia albida ; Acacia albida ; Isozyme variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genetic variation has been assessed in 30 populations (931 families) ofFaidherbia albida (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae) from across its entire African range, using six isozyme loci identified by five enzyme systems. Among the populations studied a null allele was proposed to explain the absence ofLap-1 activity in populations from southern and eastern Africa. The mean percentage of polymorphic loci per population, the mean number of alleles per locus and the mean genetic diversity within populations were 31.7%, 1.6 and 0.127 respectively. Genetic diversity was greatest in populations from West Africa and lowest in populations from eastern/southern Africa, with Ethiopian/Sudanese populations intermediate. The overall degree of genetic differentiation between populations (GST) indicated that approximately 56% of the enzyme variation resided within populations. Clustering of Nei's unbaised genetic distances calculated between all populations produced a dendrogram that generally followed the geographic distribution of the populations. Two major groups were identified that may be considered the eastern/southern African and the Ethiopian/West African clusters. Within the Ethiopian/West African cluster two subclusters could be recognised, one broadly corresponding to those populations from Ethiopia/Sudan and the other to those populations from West Africa. The implications of these results for theories regarding the origin ofF. albida in Africa are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985213
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  • 19
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    Genetic analysis among and within populations forming ecotypes and cultivars of lucerne,Medicago sativa (Leguminosae), using RAPD fragments (1997)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 208 (1997), S. 107-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Medicago sativa ; Alfalfa ; cultivar discrimination ; DNA ; RAPD ; population genetics ; Mahalanobis distance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We conducted this study to determine whether the analysis of the population frequency of individual RAPD fragments amplified from DNA of single seedlings could be used to discriminate cultivars of lucerne and compare the relatedness of cultivars of differing geographic and genetic origin. Canonical discriminant analysis of RAPD banding data obtained from amplification of DNA from 40 seedlings of each of ten cultivars (six Iranian ecotypic cultivars, two cultivars from New Zealand and two from the USA) with one selected primer enabled discrimination of most cultivars (78% of pairwise comparisons at P 〈 0.01 among the ten cultivars examined in this study). Comparison of the Mahalanobis generalized distances among the cultivars produced results for genetic relatedness which were generally consistent with geographical origin and breeding relationships. Cultivar uniformity was assessed by determining the percentage of seedlings correctly classified into the named cultivar; this was variable among cultivars and the Iranian ecotypic cultivars had a particularly wide range of variability. Analysis of population genetics in lucerne using RAPD banding data may be useful for plant improvement, in descriptions of new cultivars and also when assessing cultivar purity in seed certification programmes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00986085
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    Phenetic investigation of non-nodulating African species ofAcacia (Leguminosae) using morphological and molecular markers (1997)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 205 (1997), S. 27-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Mimosoideae ; Acacia ; Aculeiferum ; Monacanthea ; African acacias ; classification ; molecular markers ; RAPD ; morphology ; nodulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Morphological and RAPD markers were used to assess the relationships among nodulating and non-nodulating species of AfricanAcacia. Non-nodulating species of AfricanAcacia are only found within subg.Aculeiferum sect.Monacanthea. African species of sect.Monacanthea examined were found to form a group distinct from the other African species examined on a morphological and molecular basis. All lack the ability to nodulate, suggesting that non-nodulation may be used as a taxonomic tool. The species of sect.Aculeiferum were separated by RAPD and morphological analysis into two groups depending on whether they were armed with prickles in pairs and/or prickles in threes, or solitary. A third group of species was identified within sect.Acacia: further subdivision of this group was achieved into subsectt.Pluriseriae andUniseriae. The position ofA. albida relative to other AfricanAcacia species was found to be distinct but not totally independent of the genus. The partitioning and distribution of the genetic variability within the genus is further elucidated by the RAPD analysis of populations ofAcacia species. A population analysis ofA. polyacantha demonstrated geographical and site-specific variation.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00982796
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    Molecular phylogeny and phylogeography ofLupinus (Leguminosae) inferred from nucleotide sequences of therbcL gene and ITS 1 + 2 regions of rDNA (1997)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 208 (1997), S. 139-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Papilionoideae ; Genisteae ; Lupinus ; Molecular phylogeny ; cpDNA ; rbcL ; rDNA ; internal transcribed spacer (ITS)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Total DNA was extracted from 55 species of theLeguminosae (including 29 species ofLupinus). The chloroplast generbcL and the ITS 1 + 2 regions of nuclear RNA genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced directly. The sequences obtained were evaluated with character state (Maximum Parsimony) and distance methods (Neighbour Joining). Phylogenetic trees obtained with both data sets and methods are mostly congruent.Genisteae andCrotalarieae are sister groups and share ancestry with theThermopsideae/Podalyrieae. The genusLupinus, which forms a monophyletic clade within theGenisteae, shows a distinct Old-New World disjunction and appears to be divided into several more or less distinct groups: (1) The species from the eastern part of South America. (2) The homogeneous rough-seeded group (Scabrispermae) of the Old World species which is well distinguished from the smooth-seeded group (Malacospermae). (3) Within the rather heterogeneous smooth-seeded lupins a smaller subgroup withL. angustifolius, L. hispanicus andL. luteus is recognized. (4) Also separated are North American lupins and South American species with a western distribution. Genetic distances imply that the genusLupinus evolved during the last 12–14 million years, ruling out the hypothesis that the present Old-New World disjunction can be interpreted as a result of the continental drift. The genetic data suggest an origin in the Old World and an independant colonisation of the Eastern parts of South America as opposed to North America and the Western parts of South America.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985439
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    Characterisation of a developmentally related polypeptide with glutelin solubility characteristics from Lupinus albus L. (1996)
    Springer
    Planta 198 (1996), S. 221-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Germination ; Glutelin ; Glycoprotein ; Leguminosae ; Lupinus ; Seed development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Proteins from Lupinus albus L. cv. Rio Maior seeds were fractionated according to solubility criteria. Patterns of concanavalin A (ConA)-binding polypeptides from the different classes, albumins, globulins, glutelins and prolamins, were established by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Two bands of apparent molecular masses of 29 and 23.5 kDa with glutelin solubility characteristics bound the lectin. The 23.5-kDa band was separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis into two components: one glycosylated and heterogeneous with an isoelectric point of approx. 10 (designated as G23) and another, not detected with ConA, precipitating in the first dimension. The amino acid and hexosamine analysis of G23 showed that it is particularly rich in Gly (11.2%), Glx (10.0%), Ser (9.0%), Leu (8.2%), Asx (7.5%), and Pro (6.7%) and that it has a considerable content of the sulphur-containing amino acids Met (2.0%) and Cys (5.8%) and contains glucosamine. The determined N-terminal amino acid sequence of G23 was: 1KG(R)V5KGTGD10(T)PXXV15XLY(N)R20T, and this had no significant similarity to any of the amino acid sequences contained in the data bank SWISS-PROT 26. The glycoprotein G23 was completely deglycosylated with peptide-N-glycosidase F, yielding a homogeneous 21-kDa polypeptide composed of approximately 191 amino acids. The structures of the major N-linked neutral oligosaccharides of G23, determined by exoglycosidase sequencing, were as follows: Manα2Manα6(Manα3) Manα6(Manα2Manα2Manα3)Manβ4GlcNAcβ4GlcNAc (13%); ± Manα2Manα6(Manα3)Manα6(± Manα2 Manα2 Manα3)Manβ4GlcNAcβ4GlcNAc (29%); Manα6(Manα3) Manα6(Manα2Manα3)Manβ4GlcNAcβ4GlcNAc (13%); Manα6(Manα3)Manα6(Manα3)Manβ4GlcNAcβ4GlcNAc (16%); Manα6(Manα3)(Xylβ2)Manβ4GlcNAc β4GlcNAc (28%). Changes in G23 abundance during seed development, germination and seedling growth were monitored with a specific antibody. The glycoprotein G23 started to accumulate appreciably during seed formation between the 40th and the 50th days after anthesis and was detected following seed imbibition, until the 9th day in cotyledons, the 2nd day in roots and the 4th day in hypocotyls and leaves.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00206247
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    Symbiotic specialization and the potential for genotypic coexistence in a plant-bacterial mutualism (1996)
    Springer
    Oecologia 108 (1996), S. 361-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Bradyrhizobium ; Competition ; Genetic diversity ; Leguminosae ; Mutualism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genotypes of the annual legume Amphicarpaea bracteata vary in their degree of specialization toward different nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Plants of lineages “Ib” and “II” are specialized for mutualism with a limited group of bacterial genotypes. Lineage “Ia” plants are symbiotic generalists, interacting with all bacteria associated with specialist (Ib and II) plants, and also with a distinct class of bacteria that only fix nitrogen with lineage Ia plants. The relative performance of generalist and specialist plant lineages was measured in four symbiotic environments: (1) in the absence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, (2) with bacteria with broad host ranges, (3) with bacteria specialized on lineage Ia hosts, and (4) with a mixture of the bacteria with broad and narrow host ranges. In the presence of bacteria with broad host ranges, the relative performance of different plant lineages was inconsistent among experimental replicates. However, lineage Ia plants had nearly 3 times higher total biomass and 6 times higher seed biomass than lineage Ib or II plants when grown with bacteria specialized on Ia hosts. When exposed to a mixture of bacteria with broad and narrow host ranges, generalist plants had 72% higher total biomass and 〉100% higher seed biomass than specialist plants. These results imply that in diverse natural populations, where all plants have a choice of symbiotic partners, mutualistic interactions are likely to foster competitive exclusion rather than stable coexistence of different plant lineages.
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    Identification of sex pheromones from cowpea weevil,Callosobruchus maculatus, and related studies withC. analis (coleoptera: Bruchidae) (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 22 (1996), S. 2233-2249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Carboxylic acids ; Leguminosae ; pulses ; stored products ; seed weevils ; Callosobruchus maculatus ; Coleoptera ; cowpea weevil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Female cowpea weevils,Callosobruchus maculatus, produce a sex pheromone that elicits orientation and sexual behavior in males. Bioassay-directed isolation of the sex pheromone was conducted and compounds in the active fraction were identified and synthesized. Volatiles were collected from individual virgin females by adsorption on filter paper dises and hexane extraction. A bioassay was used in which the locomotory response of single males in glass vials was recorded upon exposure to treatments or controls. Crude extracts were subjected to silica gel column chromatography with solvents of increasing polarity; all activity eluted with methanol. Activity in the highly polar methanol fraction suggested a carboxylic acid or a compound with multiple polar functionality. Acid-base partitioning of the crude extract isolated all activity in the acid fraction, confirming that the pheromone was a carboxylic acid. The acid fraction was further fractionated by preparative GC with a Carbowax column. The most active GC fraction contained the following five 8-carbon acids identified by GC-MS and comparison with synthetic candidates: 3-methyleneheptanoic acid, (Z)-3-methyl-3-heptenoic acid, (E)-3-methyl-3-heptenoic acid, (Z)-3-methyl-2-heptenoic acid, and (E)-3-methyl-2-heptenoic acid. Each of the synthetic acids was active individually for males, and combinations of two or more of the acid pheromones had an additive effect. Upwind flight responses to natural and synthetic pheromones were observed in a flight tunnel. (Z)-3-Methyl-2-heptenoic acid was previously identified as the sex pheromone for the relatedC. analis, but this and the other four acid pheromones fromC. maculatus were inactive for maleC. analis. There was no cross-attraction betweenC. maculatus andC. analis in reciprocal studies using extracted volatiles from females of both species, GC-MS analysis ofC. analis female volatiles failed to detect any of theC. maculatus compounds but did find an unidentified C-8 acid with a GC retention time different from any of theC. maculatus pheromones.
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    Compensatory growth response of the legume, Medicago sativa, to defoliation and denodulation (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 78 (1996), S. 243-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; denodulation ; defoliation ; compensatory growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A laboratory study was conducted to determine the effects of defoliation and denodulation on compensatory growth of Medicago sativa (L.). Plants grown hydroponically in clear plastic growth pouches were subjected to 0 and 50% nodule pruning, and 0, 25, 50, and 75% defoliation by clipping trifoliate leaves. An additional experiment was conducted to determine if clipping leaves simulated herbivory by Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) larvae. Previously, we determined that nodule pruning accurately simulated herbivory by Sitona hispidulus (L.) larvae (Quinn & Hall, 1992). Results indicated that denodulation stimulated nodule growth and caused exact compensation in standing and total number of nodules per plant within 15 days and in standing nodule biomass within 22 days of treatment. Denodulation caused a significant reduction (13%) in final shoot biomass, but did not affect significantly final root biomass. Percentage of change in number of trifoliate leaves per plant increased with the level of defoliation. Within 22 days of treatment, total number of trifoliate leaves per plant was similar to controls. However, final standing shoot biomasses were significantly less that controls, indicating undercompensatory growth. Shoot biomasses of the 25-, 50-, and 75%-defoliated plants were 18, 20, and 36% lower than controls, respectively. Nodule biomass per plant was reduced by 24 and 32% in 50- and 75%-defoliated plants, respectively, but was not affected significantly by 25% defoliation. Root biomass was affected by all levels of defoliation. Clipping trifoliate leaves accurately simulated defoliation by H. postica larvae. Our results indicated that partial defoliation affected shoot, root, and nodule biomass of M. sativa, but that partial denodulation only affected shoot biomass.
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    Niche relations in Vicia-inhabiting Bruchus spp. (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 152-155 
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    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: predispersal seed predator guild ; Leguminosae ; Bruchidae ; Curculionidae ; Lepidoptera ; intra-and interspecific competition ; Monte Carlo simulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194746
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    Adaptation of a Callosobruchus maculatus strain to Vicia faba, as its new host plant (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 156-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Bruchidae ; glucosides ; Leguminosae ; larval development ; host-plant adaptation ; β-glucosidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194747
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    Sequence of a new Bowman-Birk inhibitor fromTorresea acreana seeds and comparison withTorresea cearensis trypsin inhibitor (TcTI2) (1996)
    Springer
    The protein journal 15 (1996), S. 553-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4943
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; protein sequencing ; Torresea acreana, serine proteinase inhibitor, Bowman-Birk inhibitor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract TaTI (Torresea acreana trypsin inhibitor), a new member of the Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor family, was purified from seeds ofTorresea acreana, one of the two known species ofTorresea, a Brazilian native Leguminosae of the Papilionoideae subfamily. Purification was performed by acetone fractionation, anion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. The TaTI appears asM r 7000 in SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. There are 63 amino acid residues present in the TaTI sequence, which was confirmed by mass spectrometry (8388 daltons). The putative reactive sites residues were Lys-15 and Arg-42 at the first and second site, respectively. The antibodies raised against TcTI2,Torresea cearensis trypsin inhibitor 2, showed a cross-reaction with TaTI, but not with other Bowman-Birk inhibitors purified from Leguminosae. The inhibition constants of TaTI and TcTI2 were comparable when measured against trypsin, chymotrypsin, and factor XIIa, but not on plasmin. The latter was tenfold more effectively inhibited by TcTI2 then by TaTI. Neither TaTI nor TcTI2 affects thrombin, plasma kallikrein, or factor Xa.
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    Survey of leaf anatomy, especially secretory structures, of tribeCaesalpinieae (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) (1996)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 200 (1996), S. 21-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Caesalpinioideae ; Cavities ; glands ; idioblasts ; leaf anatomy ; stomata ; trichomes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We studied leaflet anatomy, emphasizing secretory structures, from herbarium specimens of 128 species of 44 genera of tribeCaesalpinieae, using clearings, resin sections, and scanning electron microscopy. These observations, combined with those from our three earlier papers, provide a survey of 210 species representing all genera. Seventy-three species had secretory structures: 21 had glands or gland-like trichomes, 40 had living mesophyll idioblasts, and nine had cavities (three species each had two different types). Five additional species, all inCercidium (Caesalpinia group), had paired or clustered large spheroidal, thick-walled, empty cells (veinlet idioblasts) interconnected by perforation plate-like gaps. Secretory structures have systematic significance at various taxonomic levels.
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    Genista valsecchiae (Leguminosae), a new species from Sardinia (1996)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 200 (1996), S. 273-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Genista ; Taxonomy ; Flora of Sardinia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genista valsecchiae from SW Sardinia is described and illustrated as a species new to science. It is very similar toG. ephedroides and can be distinguished by morphological differences of habit and inflorescence. It typically occurs in the garigue or maquis and is widespread in SW Sardinia.
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    Phylogenetic relationships in the genusStylosanthes (Leguminosae) based upon chloroplast DNA variation (1996)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 200 (1996), S. 193-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Stylosanthes ; Chloroplast DNA ; RFLPs ; phylogeny ; systematics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A detailed analysis of chloroplast DNA restriction fragment length variation was undertaken to reconstruct the maternal phylogeny of 18 taxa from both sections of the papilionoid tropical forage legume genusStylosanthes. Data were analysed by means of the computer program PAUP, using an heuristic search with Wagner parsimony. The resulting cladogram dividedStylosanthes into four separate clades, which comprised: (i) theS. guianensis complex and related species (i.e.S. gracilis, S. grandifolia andS. montevidensis); (ii)S. hispida, tetraploidS. hamata s. l.,S. sympodialis, S. humilis, S. leiocarpa, S. angustifolia and certain accesions ofS. scabra; (iii)S. calcicola, S. viscosa, diploidS. hamata s. str., andS. fruticosa, plus accessions ofS. scabra, S. capitata and one accession ofS. grandifolia; and (iv)S. macrocephala and other accessions ofS. capitata not included within clade 3. Results are generally congruent with previously established interspecific relationships and, moreover, enabled identification of putative maternal progenitors for four tetraploid taxa:S. humilis was identified as a likely maternal parent of bothS. sympodialis andS. hamata s. l.,S. viscosa as a maternal parent ofS. scabra, andS. macrocephala as a maternal parent ofS. capitata.
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    Pea leaf weevil herbivory on pea seedlings: effects on growth response and yield (1995)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 76 (1995), S. 255-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: herbivory ; Curculionidae ; Sitona lineatus (L.) ; Leguminosae ; Pisum sativum L. ; compensatory growth ; yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Field experiments were conducted to determine growth and yield responses ofPisum sativum L. to defoliation by adultSitona lineatus (L.). Seedlings grown under conventional (moldboard plowed) and conservation (chisel plowed) tillage treatments were infested for a 1-week period with 0, 1 and 8 weevils per plant at two times: at 75% field emergence and 1 week later. After the early infestation, defoliation for the control, low and high weevil densities was about 0,15 and 50%, respectively, while defoliation after the late infestation was about 0, 10 and 35%. An undercompensatory growth response was observed in one experiment after seedlings were subjected to moderate levels of early defoliation. Exact compensation was observed in two experiments after early infestations of low and highSitona densities.Sitona defoliation reduced the number of pods per plant and pod length in two experiments. However, seed biomass was never significantly reduced. Averaged over all experiments, reduction in seed biomass due to highSitona densities was 10 and 5% for early and late infestations, respectively. Tillage treatments did not affectPisum compensatory growth response, although yield components were sometimes greater in conservation tillage than in conventional tillage, possibly due to slightly greater soil moisture in the conservation tillage plots.
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    Antitermitic activity ofLonchocarpus castilloi flavonoids and heartwood extracts (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 21 (1995), S. 455-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Feeding deterrents ; termites ; Cryptotermes brevis ; Isoptera ; Lonchocarpus castilloi ; Leguminosae ; heartwood ; flavonoids ; antitermitic activity ; castillen D ; castillen E
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The heartwood of the tropical treeLonchocarpus castilloi Standley (Leguminosae) is highly resistant to attack by the drywood termitesCryptotermes brevis (Walker); nevertheless successive extraction with hexane, diethyl ether, acetone, methanol, and water reduced its resistance to these organisms. Antitermitic properties of the extracts were bioassayed using impregnated filter paper disks. Although the five extracts reduced both feeding and survival ofC. brevis, no significant differences among them were detected. Choice feeding tests showed that termites avoided eating the paper treated with the extracts. Two flavonoid compounds isolated from the heartwood, castillen D and castillen E, impregnated into filter paper showed concentration-dependent feeding deterrent activity, but were not toxic toC. brevis.
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    Influence of two successive learning processes on the response ofEupelmus vuilleti Crw (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) to volatile stimuli from hosts and host plants (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 8 (1995), S. 751-762 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Eupelmidae ; Bruchidae ; Leguminosae ; ectoparasitoid ; host-searching ; preemergence learning ; ovipositional experience
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Eupelmus vuilleti (Crw) is a solitary ectoparasitoid of several bruchid species which develop inside Leguminosae seeds. In this hymenopteran a preemergence learning process is responsible for a specific response of females toward the host and host-plant volatiles. This learning occurs after the imaginal molt, while the adult remains in the larval chamber of its host. The persistence of the response toward host and host-plant volatiles of females reared onBruchidius atrolineatus (Pic) larvae developing inVigna unguiculata (Walp) seed was investigated in this study. In the absence of any reinforcement, the response towardB. atrolineatus larvae persisted for 6 days after female emergence from the seeds, whereas the response towardV. unguiculata seed volatiles was maintained for 7 days. Our experiments showed that a later learning process also takes place inE. vuilleti. An ovipositional experience on a given plant-host complex enabled females to learn the stimuli from that complex. This learning occurred even if the complex experienced during oviposition differed from the one on which females were reared. After an ovipositional experience on a new plant-host complex, the response acquired through preemergence learning was maintained. These experiments demonstrate that theE. vuilleti females can memorize cues from several species during successive learning processes. The adaptive significance of these learning capacities, which confer an important behavioral plasticity to this generalist parasitoid, is discussed.
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    Systematics and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA in the genusLeucaena (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae) (1995)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 197 (1995), S. 195-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Leucaena ; RAPDs ; systematics ; cpDNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to examine genomic diversity in taxa of the neotropical legume genusLeucaena. Data were analysed using both similarity- and parsimony-based approaches and the data compared to a parsimonybased analysis of chloroplast DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP). Distance-based methods of RAPD analysis produced groups inconsistent with those identified by RFLP analysis. Parsimony-based analysis of the data produced groupings largely consistent with those identified using RFLPs. The major differences were grouping of the two subspecies ofLeucaena diversifolia (subsp.diversifolia and subsp.stenocarpa) in the RAPD tree, but their separation in the RFLP tree. The value of RAPD data in systematics as a result of these data and our understanding of the molecular basis of RAPDs are discussed.
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    Microgametophytic plastid nucleoid content and reproductive and life history traits of tribeTrifolieae (Fabaceae) (1995)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 196 (1995), S. 89-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Medicago ; alfalfa ; Microgametophyte ; biparental inheritance ; DAPI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Microgametophytic plastid nucleoids were quantified for 18 species representing the four core genera of the tribeTrifolieae (Fabaceae),Medicago, Melilotus, Trigonella, andTrifolium. Generative cells of all taxa contained nucleoids, establishing that biparental plastid inheritance is common in theTrifolieae. Nucleoid number and volumes of pollen grains and generative cell nuclei differed among taxa. Nucleoid number was positively correlated with pollen grain and generative cell nuclear volumes, flower size and style length. These relationships disappeared after adjusting nucleoid number for pollen grain and generative cell nuclear volumes. Adjusted nucleoid numbers provided no evidence to support hypotheses that plastid content is associated with ploidy level, mating system, perenniality or size of the reproductive apparatus.
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    The morphology of styles and stigmas inVicia (Leguminosae), and its systematic implications (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of plant research 108 (1995), S. 17-24 
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    ISSN: 1618-0860
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Morphology ; Stigma ; Style ; Vicia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The morphology and development of styles and stigmas ofVicia, one of the five genera of tribe Vicieae, were studied by scanning electron microscopy to contribute to a revision of infrageneric classification. Among the 22 species examined, variations were found as to: (1) whether a boundary between stigma and style is V-shaped when viewed from the adaxial side or not; (2) whether stylar hairs sprout on all sides of the style or only on the abaxial side; (3) whether a hairy area of the style connects with the stigma area first at lateral sides or at an adaxial side; (4) whether styles are tapered or bottle-neck-shaped; (5) whether styles are straight or bend abaxially. Based on these variations, five morphological types of styles and stigmas were provided with a diagnostic key. Comparisons with related tribes Cicereae, Coronilleae, Galegeae, Hedysareae, Loteae and Trifolieae as possible outgroups suggested that the V-shaped boundary between stigma and style is a synapomorphy of some species withinVicia, and that a dorsally compressed and abaxially tufted style, which was distributed in separate subgenera and sections sensu Kupicha but is now known to occur together with the V-shaped boundary, has evolved only one time in the genus, rather than more than once as supposed earlier.
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    Cytogenetic observations on a monosomic inSesbania macrocarpa Muhl. (Leguminosae) (1984)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 40 (1984), S. 1414-1414 
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    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Sesbania macrocarpa ; karyotypic analysis ; monosomic plants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Karyotypic analysis of a spontaneous monosomic plant isolated from a population ofSesbania macrocarpa (2n=4x=24) revealed that one chromosome of the smallest set was missing. The absence of this chromosome caused a deleterious effect on the meiotic system of the plant, resulting in total male and female sterility. The origin of the species in this context is discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01951918
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    Response of two Lathyrus species to infestation by the pea weevil Bruchus pisorum L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) (1984)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 35 (1984), S. 83-87 
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    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: pea weevil ; Bruchus pisorum ; Leguminosae ; lathyrus ; plant defense mechanisms ; callus ; oviposition deterrents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les espèces de Lathyrus sont indemnés d'attaques de la bruche du pois, Bruchus pisorum, bien que le pollen de deux membres de ce genre ait induit, après ingestion, l'ovogenèse des femelles. La ponte et la mortalité larvaire de B. pisorum sur L. tingitanus et L. sativus (Leguminosae) ont été examinées pour déterminer les mécanismes permetant à ces espèces de résister à l'attaque de cette bruche. Des femelles aux ovaires développés ont été mises en cage en serre, avec des gousses de chacune des deux espèces de Lathyrus et de Pisum sativum; les femelles ont pondu beaucoup moins sur Lathyrus que sur Pisum. Au laboratoire, des femelles aptes à pondre, placées dans des bocaux avec des gousses de même taille de L. sativus et P. sativus, ont pondu sur le pois et le bocal que sur L. sativus. Deux à 3 jours après contamination par les oeufs de bruche, les gousses de L. tingitanus forment des cals sous les oeufs. Ces excroissances s'étendent de telle sorte que la majorité de la gousse en est recouverte quelques jours plus tard; les gousses de L. sativus présentent une réponse semblable mais plus localisée. La croissance du cal se produit en réponse à l'éclosion plutôt qu'à la ponte, car aucune n'a été observée sous les oeufs qui n'ont pas éclos, et aucune s'étend au-delà des zones immédiatement sous les oeufs éclos. Les larves de B. pisorum tentant de pénétrer dans les gousses des 2 espèces meurent, tandis que des larves placées à l'intérieur des gouses de L. sativus n'ont pas présenté une mortalité supérieure dans les graines au bout de 72 h à celle des larves placées à l'intérieur des gousses de pois. On peut envisager que la reconnaissance de stimuli dissuasifs par les femelles de bruches ait pu évoluer en réponse à la présence de mécanismes de défense de la gousse.
    Notes: Abstract Oviposition behavior and larval mortality of the pea weevil, Bruchus pisorum L. on Lathyrus tingitanus L. and Lathyrus sativus L. were studied to determine the mechanisms by which these plant species resist pea weevil attack. Female weevils caged on pods of these species oviposited at a reduced rate compared to those caged on pods of pea, Pisum sativum L. Females kept in vials in the laboratory and given a choice between L. sativus pods and pea pods oviposited at a higher rate on pea and the glass vial than on L. sativus. Two to three days following oviposition, L. tingitanus pods developed callus tissue growth beneath the eggs. These growths later covered much of the pod. L. sativus pods exhibited a similar response to hatching larvae. Pea weevil larvae attempting to penetrate pods of both species died. Larvae placed inside L. sativus pods established in seeds and had no greater mortality after 72 h than those placed inside pea pods. Identified defenses in lathyrus against pea weevil attack consist of antibiosis as well as antixenosis. These resistance mechanisms are located in the pod.
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    Phenol chromatography, morphology and cytogenetics in three species and natural hybrids ofProsopis (Leguminosae — Mimosoideae) (1984)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 144 (1984), S. 257-276 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Mimosoideae ; Prosopis affinis ; P. alba ; P. nigra ; Chemosystematics ; seasonal variation of phenolic compounds ; crossing barriers ; natural hybrids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three species and two natural hybrids ofProsopis from the Entre Rios province of Argentina are compared morphologically, cytologically and chromatographically. It is possible to identify them by their chromatograms. There is a seasonal variation in about one third of the phenolic compounds analysed, a phenomenon that should be considered for chemosystematical conclusions. The results show many affinities betweenP. alba andP. nigra, whereasP. affinis apparently is more isolated. From the frequence of the hybrids, their fertility and their meiotic behaviour one can evaluate the isolation barriers between these species.
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    Karyotypic evolution, morphological variability and phylogeny inMedicago sect.Intertextae (1984)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 145 (1984), S. 203-222 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Fabaceae ; Leguminosae ; Medicago ciliaris ; Medicago intertexta ; Medicago muricoleptis ; Medicago granadensis ; Evolution ; chromosomes ; Pleistocene glaciations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Karyotype and external morphological analyses were conducted onMedicago ciliaris, M. intertexta, M. muricoleptis andM. granadensis which comprise theIntertextae section of the genusMedicago. All species were found to have 2n = 16 chromosomes (= 2 ×), including one pair of satellite chromosomes in each respective complement. Karyotypic evolution in theIntertextae involves changes in absolute chromosome size and in centromeric and relative size symmetry. Numerical taxonomic analyses were conducted independently on 17 karyotypic features and on 16 features of external morphology. The results of the two sets of analyses proved comparable, withM. ciliaris andM. intertexta forming a fairly close pair, and the remaining two species appearing to have more distant relationships to each other and to the first pair. These observations are consistent with the infertility relationships and chorologies of the species. It is suggested thatM. muricoleptis andM. granadensis are derived from theM. ciliaris/intertexta species complex withM. granadensis arising fromM. muricoleptis, or these two species independently evolving from a common species complex. Chromosomal and numerical analyses suggest thatM. ciliaris is the most primitive andM. granadensis the most derived species of theIntertextae.
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    Immunosystematical comparison ofPhaseolus coccineus seed proteins with those of other legumes (1984)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 144 (1984), S. 155-163 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Leguminosae ; Fabaceae ; Caesalpinioideae ; Mimosoideae ; Faboideae ; Phaseolus coccineus ; Serological systematics ; seed proteins ; phytohaemagglutinin ; vicilin ; phaseolin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An immunosystematical research was conducted on the seed proteins of 32 species ofFabaceae. By comparing all immunelectrophoretic patterns with the self reaction of a reference system (Phaseolus coccineus) all proteins detected have been identified and their distribution within the family has been analyzed. Half of the proteins identified inP. coccineus gave positive cross reactions with proteins present in all other species. Among this group are “protein I” and “phaseolin”. This result supports the homologization between phaseolin and vicilin. Among the other proteins, three are irregularly distributed throughout the family, and only three are restricted to a few taxa. This last group includes phytohaemagglutinin, which does not present any cross reaction outside the tribePhaseoleae.
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    Protein composition of grains of theleguminosae (1983)
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    Plant foods for human nutrition 32 (1983), S. 247-252 
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    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; peas ; beans ; storage proteins ; structure and function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The main seed proteins of Pisum and faba beans are the storage proteins synthesised in the seed and subsequently utilised to supply nitrogen and carbon for biosynthesis during germination and seedling development. There are two major families of storage proteins, legumin and vicilin. Legumins are hexameric proteins comprising of 6M r 60 000 subunits which, as isolated from mature seeds, show considerable charge and size heterogeneity. Vicilins are a less well-defined group of proteins consisting largely ofM r 50 000 subunits and non-equimolar amounts of lower molecular weight subunits. A third storage protein, convicilin, is also present in peas and beans. It is a vicilin-type protein with vicilin immunological determinants. Proteins homologous to legumin have been found in Arachis, Glycine,Vigna unguiculata, Lupinus, Cicer, Lens and Lathyrus. Equivalent vicilin-type proteins occur inPhaseolus vulgaris, Glycine, Arachis andVigna unguiculata. The storage proteins have an unusual amino acid composition related to their biological role. They are multimeric and readily undergo association/dissociation reactions. They show a high degree of charge and size heterogeneity, partly caused by co and post-translational modifications and partly due to gene divergence.
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    The seed proteins of chick pea: Comparative studies ofCicer arietinum, C. reticulatum andC. echinospermum (Leguminosae) (1983)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 142 (1983), S. 11-22 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Papilionoideae ; Fabaceae ; Cicer ; Seed storage proteins ; electrophoresis ; chemosystematics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seed proteins fromCicer arietinum L.,C. reticulatum Ladiz. andC. echinospermum Davis were extracted and separated into water soluble (albumin) and water insoluble (globulin) fractions. These were analysed using three polyacrylamide gel systems: uniform pore slab gels, gradient gels and SDS disc gels. For all three species, albumins constitute just over one-third of total protein. Minor differences in the composition of this fraction were observed. Within the globulin fraction, seven disulphide-linked polypeptides were found. Four of these resemble the major polypeptide of legumin, consisting of constant small subunit (21,000 daltons) linked to variable large subunit (46,000, 41,000, 39,000 or 36,000 daltons), forming polypeptides of 67,000 (I), 62,000 (II), 60,000 (III) and 57,000 (IV) daltons respectively. Polypeptide I was prominent in both wild species, but absent fromC. arietinum. Polypeptides II and III were equally prominent inC. arietinum andC. reticulatum. Polypeptide IV was more prominent inC. echinospermum, which was deficient in polypeptide III. Polypeptides V (45,000 daltons) and VI (43,000 daltons), apparently composed of two equal subunits, were present in trace amounts in both wild species, but well represented inC. arietinum Polypeptide VII of 45,000 daltons (31,000 + 14,000) was present in all three species.
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    Chemogeographical evolution of quinolizidines inPapilionoideae (1983)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 143 (1983), S. 167-174 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Papilionoideae ; Bossiaeeae ; Genisteae ; Liparieae ; Sophoreae ; Thermopsideae ; Quinolizidine alkaloids ; biochemical evolution ; ecogeographical evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Characterization of the predominant biogenetic quinolizidine types, together with the determination of oxidation levels and skeletal specializations of such alkaloids contained inPapilionoideae genera led to the recognition of several evolutionary lines in this subfamily. The results are consistent with the most recent views on the subject based on morphology and indicate quinolizidine alkaloidal evolution to have proceeded by skeletal specialization in tropical regions and by variation of oxidation level in temperate regions.
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    Soybean leaf photosynthesis in relation to maturity classification and stage of growth (1982)
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 3 (1982), S. 81-93 
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    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: field photosynthesis ; Glycine max ; leaf photosynthesis ; Leguminosae ; maturity classification ; soybean ; stage of growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Leaf photosynthetic rates were measured on field-grown soybeans during the 1980 season. Comparisons were made between different cultivars and isolines representative of maturity groups I–IV. Mature, fully expanded leaves at different nodes on the plant were measured in high light to determine which had the highest potential photosynthetic rates at any one time. Successive leaves during the growing season had maximum rates which increased from about 22 μ mol CO2 m-2 s-1 on 25 June to a peak of 30–44 μ mol CO2 m-2 s-1 in early August. The persistency and eventual decline in the maximum rate was associated with the maturity group and related dates of flowering, pod fill and onset of senescence. Early maturing cultivars (groups I and II) had higher peak rates (38–44 μ mol CO2 m-2 s-1) than later maturing cultivars (30–35 μ mol CO2 m-2 s-1, groups III and IV). However, the photosynthetic rates of early maturing cultivars declined rapidly after attaining their peak, whereas the leaves of later maturing cultivars maintained their photosynthetic activity for much longer.
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    Calcium oxalate crystals and crystal cells in the leaves ofRhynchosia caribaea (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae) (1982)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 111 (1982), S. 10-18 
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    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Calcium oxalate ; Crystals ; Leguminosae ; Papilionoideae ; Rhynchosia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The development and distribution of calcium oxalate crystals, stomates and hairs were studied in the first trifoliolate leaf ofRhynchosia caribaea (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae, Phaseoleae). Using light and transmission electron microscopy, the crystals were shown to occur in both bundle sheath and mesophyll cells. Crystal distribution and shapes are characteristic forRhynchosia. Crystals develop late in leaf development in contrast to the stomates and hairs. As these latter two structures decrease in number per unit area with leaf age, crystal number increases.
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    Seed protein polymorphism inVicia sativa agg. (Fabaceae) (1982)
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    Plant systematics and evolution 141 (1982), S. 1-5 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Fabaceae ; Vicia sativa ; Seed protein electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract TheVicia sativa aggregate contains plants with different chromosome numbers karyotypes; they are still cross-compatible and have partially fertile F1-hybrids. There is also wide adaptive radiation and geographic distribution. The seed protein profiles ofV. sativa agg. are remarkably variable but no band or bands could be related to a specific karyotype, chromosome number or taxon, and variation within and between karyotypes are of the same magnitude. It is suggested that variation in the seed proteins ofV. sativa agg. might be an important agent for acquiring ecological flexibility, and that it is probably enhanced by interkaryotypic hybridization.
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    Improvement of legumes by exploring extra-specific genetic variation (1981)
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    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 819-833 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; leguminous crops ; legumes ; sexual and somatic hybridisation ; transformation ; protoplast and tissue culture ; fusion ; regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Genetic improvement of legumes is a major on-going challenge for plant breeders. Outlined in this review are the main reasons why such increased extra-specific genetic variation is required, particularly in the developing world. With the development of new methods of plant genetic manipulation it is necessary to assess the relative merits of all approaches now available. To help the plant breeder in this respect we have in this review comprehensively described these conventional and unconventional procedures with particular reference to economically important legumes.
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    Fractionation and characterization of polyadenylated RNA from broad bean meristematic root cells (1981)
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    Plant molecular biology 1 (1981), S. 53-62 
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    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; broad bean roots ; polyadenylated RNA ; Poly(U) Sepharose ; structural analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Several populations of polyadenylated RNA from Vicia faba méristematic root cells were fractionated by stepwise thermal elution from poly(U)-Sepharose following sequential phenol extraction. Analysis of these fractions showed that the size of the poly(A) segment could influence this fractionation, but in some cases other characteristics of the molecule are involved. Evidence was obtained that 45–60% of the nucleotides of plant polyadenylated RNA are in base paired regions, as was previously demonstrated for mammalian mRNA.
    Notes: Resume Après extraction séquentielle au phénol des ARN totaux de cellules méristématiques de racine de Fêve, les ARN polyadénylés, fixés sur colonne de poly(U)-Sépharose, sont séparés en plusieurs populations par une élution thermique à 40° et 50° C. L'analyse structurale de ces fractions montre que si la taille du segment des poly(A) joue le principal rôle dans ce partage, d'autres caractéristiques de molécules d'ARN peuvent interférer. Nous montrons de plus pour la première fois que 45 à 60% des nucléotides des ARN polyadénylés végétaux sont engagés dans des structures à double brin, comme c'est le cas dans les ARN polyadénylés animaux.
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    Evolutionary studies of the soybean: the frequency and distribution of alleles among collections of Glycine Max and G. Soja of various origin (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 55-64 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Glycine ; soybean ; Leguminosae ; crop evolution ; germplasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Allelic frequencies at 10 loci common throughout the genus Glycine subgenus Soja were determined for 27 geographical area-species samples. The samples included 366 accessions of Glycine soja, the ‘wild’ soybean, and 193 accessions of G. max, the domesticated soybean, from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection. The data indicate that the alleles for grey pubescence (t 1), low seed coat peroxidase level (ep), and blunt pubescence tip (pb) probably arose as mutations during the domestication of G. max. The remaining seven loci studied(Fr, Pa 1, Pa 2, Fg 1, Fg 2, Fg 3and Fg 4)are polymorphic throughout the subgenus Soja; differences among collections of G. max and G. soja seem to be the result of differing selection pressures. A cluster analysis of allelic frequencies reveals two distinct groups within the subgenus corresponding to G. soja and G. max, Semi-wild accessions of G. max, while morphologically more similar to cultivated plants, clustered with samples of G. soja. The semi-wild accessions examined are thought to have arisen via hybridization between G. soja and G. max.
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    Fruit dimorphism inPhaseolus sublobatus (Fabaceae) and its evolutionary significance (1981)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 137 (1981), S. 67-72 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Leguminosae ; Fabaceae ; Phaseolus sublobatus ; Geocarpy ; amphicarpy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Populations of the annualPhaseolus sublobatus from different ecogeographical zones are genetically differentiated. In twelve populations from the western ghats (Maharashtra range) chasmogamous flowers are arranged in peduncled capitate racemes borne in leaf axils of higher nodes. One population (Poona Race S4) has additional inflorescences, also with chasmogamous flowers, on the main axis between the cotyledonary node and the ground. When the pods of these flowers ripen, the inflorescence gradually coils and, eventually, gets bury the fruits in the soil. This phenomenon is not known in any other plant.—The seed-coat patterns as revealed by SEM, and germination behaviour of both aerial and subterranean seeds are similar, and both types of seeds lack dormancy.—Heavy seed predation selection pressure is probably the principal cause for the evolution of fruit dimorphism inP. sublobatus. The origin of geocarpy in relation to fruit dimorphism and seed predation is discussed.
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    Species novae perennes generisTrigonellae (1981)
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    Plant systematics and evolution 137 (1981), S. 223-227 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Fabaceae ; Trigonella ; T. subenervis sp. n. ; T. stenocarpa sp. n. ; T. edelbergii stat. n. et descr. emend. ; T. pycnotricha sp. n. ; T. xeromorpha sp. n. ; Flora of Iran and of Afghanistan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Four new species ofTrigonella are described:T. subenervis Rech. f. from E. Persia,T. stenocarpa Rech. f. from S. Persia (both related toT. elliptica);T. pycnotricha Rech. f. (related toT. ionantha Rech. f.), andT. xeromorpha Rech. f. (related toT. griffithii, similar toT. pycnotricha), both from E. Afghanistan.T. edelbergii differs strongly fromT. lipskyi and therefore merits specific rank; an emendated description is supplied.
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    Genetic relationships betweenLupinus pilosus andL. palaestinus (Fabaceae) (1981)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 137 (1981), S. 39-44 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Fabaceae ; Lupinus ; L.pilosus ; L.palaestinus ; Self-compatability ; crossability ; hybrids ; genetic relationships ; edaphie vicariants ; taxonomic status
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lupinus pilosus Murr. andL. palaestinus Boiss., are both East Mediterranean annuals, greatly resemble each other in morphology, and have the same chromosome number (2n = 42). Some fertile hybrids can be formed by artificial hybridization or under unusual habitat conditions. Isolation in nature between the species is, however, maintained by prevalent selfing, partial reproductive barriers and genic imbalance, together with differences in ecological requirements. It is suggested that this speciation pattern which includes little morphological and hardly any chromosomal divergence might have occurred in other cases of edaphic vicariants too.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983202
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  • 55
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    Effects of the plant host on the detergent sensitivity and viability of Rhizobium bacteroids (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 287-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Bacteroids ; Detergent ; Leguminosae ; Rhizobium ; Root nodules ; Symbiosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Bacteroids prepared from different legume species showed large differences in detergent sensitivity as judged by changes in turbidity and the release of cytochrome c oxidase activity after detergent treatments. There was a strong correlation between the detergent sensitivity and non-viability of bacteroids. Differences in the detergent sensitivity of bacteroids were determined by the plant host rather than the Rhizobium strain or the effectiveness of the symbiosis. The most common level of detergent sensitivity observed amongst bacteroids from 34 legume species was intermediate between lupin bacteroids and brothcultured bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380040
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  • 56
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    Investigations on the relations within the family papilionaceae on the basis of electrophoretic banding patterns (1980)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 57 (1980), S. 225-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Electrophoresis ; Proteins ; Leguminosae ; Taxonomy ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Gel electrophoretic investigations were made on the seed albumins of several members of the family Papilionaceae. Relationships were found with taxa of a lower order i.e. between mutants, varieties and subspecies. More distantly related ones, for example species of the same genus or species of different genera, did not show similarities. Thus, it was concluded that the albumin banding pattern is only suitable for studying phylogenetic and taxonomic problems if the material under investigation is not too distantly related.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264675
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  • 57
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    A comparative electrophoretic study of the seed albumins fromSophora microphylla andPisum sativum (Leguminosae) (1980)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 134 (1980), S. 207-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Fabaceae ; Pisum sativum ; Sophora microphylla ; Storage proteins ; albumin electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The albumin proteins from seed ofSophora microphylla Ait. and from cotyledons ofPisum sativum L. (cv. “Greenfeast”) have been analysed electrophoretically using a range of gels of varied pore size. Plots of mobility [as 100 log10 (R f × 100)] vs.acrylamide content of gel indicate that very few of the albumins fromS. microphylla are homologous with albumins fromP. sativum. Despite the diverse compositions of the two fractions, their amino acid analyses were surprisingly similar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00986800
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  • 58
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    Sero-systematics ofCytisus sect.Trianthocytisus (Fabaceae) (1980)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 136 (1980), S. 209-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Fabaceae ; Genisteae ; Cytisus ; Trianthocytisus ; Lembotropis ; Hesperolaburnum ; Serotaxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The serological reaction of seed proteins provides evidence for a partly new systematic arrangement ofCytisus sect.Trianthocytisus and ofCytisus s.l. Proposed modifications agree with recent advances in morphological taxonomy. Sect.Trianthocytisus includes only two species,C. villosus andC. aeolicus. Its position is central within the genus, and this fact agrees with the proposed retypification ofCytisus (type species:C. villosus).C. emeriflorus, formerly included in the same section, constitutes the monospecific sect.Emeroides, which is intermediate towards the genusLembotropis. This is serologically isolated and includes onlyL. nigricans. It is confirmed thatC. sessilifolius should be removed from the genusCytisus as a monospecific genus:Cytisophyllum Lang which is closely allied toHesperolaburnum and toPodocytisus, the most primitive genera ofGenisteae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01004626
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