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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of lodging on 14C-assimilate distribution after anthesis in Lolium perenne, CV. S24, grown for seed (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 42 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Field experiments in 1981 and 1981 examined assimilate distribution in lodged and non-lodged plots of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), cv. S24, grown for seed. Lodging was prevented either mechanically (1982 only) or chemically, by application of paclobutrazol (PP333) at 2 0 kg a.i. ha-1. For each treatment, main-tiller ears, stems and leaves and subtending vegetative tillers were fed with 14CO2 at 24 and 17 days after anthesis in 1981 and 1982, respectively, and the pattern of 14C-assimilate export from each fed part was determined.Prevention of lodging increased assimilate movement to the ear from the flag leaf, although movement from main-tiller leaves was primarily downwards to vegetative tillers. Assimilate movement to the stem was also increased because the cessation of stem elongation was delayed, especially where lodging was prevented by PP333. Both increases were at the expense of the tillers, although their number was not reduced in non-lodged plots. Possible reasons for these changes in assimilate distribution are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1987.tb02098.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of autumn fungicide application on spring dry matter accumulation in perennial ryegrass cv. S24 (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 39 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Fungicide applied to plots of perennial ryegrass cv. S24 in the autumn of 1981 significantly increased tiller number and total dry matter accumulation in February and March of 1982. However, fungicide application in the autumn of 1982 failed to increase tiller number or dry matter accumulation in the spring of 1983. It is suggested that fungicide application in autumn 1981 prevented the death of tillers caused by fungal attack after snow covered the plots in December 1981.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1984.tb01695.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nitrogen studies in Lolium perenne grown for seed. IV. Response of amenity types and influence of a growth regulator (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 38 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: In field trials in 1979–81, perennial ryegrass cultivars Royal and Majestic (amenity) and Morenne (agricultural) produced maximum seed yields at levels of applied N ranging from 40 kg ha−1 to 160 kg ha−1. Available soil N levels were estimated at 55 kg ha−1; hence maximum seed yields were obtained at total nitrogen levels of 95–135 kg ha−1 in Royal, 95–215 kg ha−1 in Morenne, and 175–215 kg ha−1 in Majestic.Applied N at rates above 120 kg ha−1 either reduced or did not significantly increase seed yield, decreased seed numbers per unit area and decreased spikelets per tiller and seeds per spikelet.The use of a growth regulator increased seed yields by preventing lodging, but did so irrespective of nitrogen application rate. It is suggested that failure to increase seed yield at high N rates is a result not of poor pollination because of lodging, but seed abortion as a consequence of competition for assimilate supply by secondary vegetative tillers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1983.tb01627.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparison of seed harvesting methods for perennial ryegrass treated with the growth retardant paclobutrazol (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 40 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Methods of harvesting seed of perennial ryegrass cv. S24 treated with the growth retardant paclobutrazol applied at spikelet initiation at a rate of 2.0 kg active ingredient ha−1 were examined in 1982. The greatest seed yield (2202 kg ha−1) was obtained from swathing the crop at 35% seed moisture content and combining 2 days later, but this was not significantly different from that obtained from swathing at 48% seed moisture content or double direct combining at 35% seed moisture content. Seed yields from a single direct combining at either 35% or 25% seed moisture content were significantly lower than those of other treatments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1985.tb01764.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of the growth regulator paclobutrazol (PP333) on the growth, development and yield of Lolium perenne grown for seed (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 40 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Application at spikelet initiation of the growth retardant paclobutrazol (PP333) at a rate of 2.0 kg a.i. ha−1 increased the seed yield of perennial ryegrass cv. S24 from 139 to 180 g m−2 in 1981, and from 111 to 256 g m−2 in 1982. Yield increases were associated with an increased production of fertile tillers in both years and with an increased number of seeds per spikelet in 1982. Other yield components were not changed. Seed yield increased with increasing PP333 application rate in both years. No significant yield difference was recorded between application at spikelet and floret initiation in 1981.Lodging was prevented completely by the 2.0-kg rate, delayed until after anthesis by the 1.0-kg rate and began before anthesis with the 0.5-kg rate. PP333 reduced stem internode length and strengthened the base of the stem; total stem dry matter (DM) was reduced, but root DM accumulation was increased at all rooting depths. Leaf area duration was significantly increased in both years.Vegetative regrowth after seed harvest was not significantly reduced by PP333 application, but soil residual properties were demonstrated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1985.tb01724.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The preharvest use of glyphosate in the ryegrass seed crop (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 37 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Preharvest application of 1 and 2 litres ha-1 IPA glyphosate (glyphosate) to a seed crop of S24 perennial ryegrass with moisture concentrations of around 400 and 340 g kg-1 (40 and 34% moisture content w/w) failed to significantly lower seed and straw moisture concentration at harvest and consequently did not affect combine rate. Addition of extra surfactants and ammonium sulphate to glyphosate did not significantly increase the rate of desiccation.The quality of harvested seed was impaired at both rates and application times. Germination was significantly lowered through the production of abnormal seedlings. The germination of seed harvested in the previous year from glyphosatetreated plots decreased with storage. Seed vigour, germination rate and field emergence were also significantly decreased as a result of glyphosate application. The effect of glyphosate on seed quality precludes its preharvest use as a desiccant in the ryegrass seed crop.Harvesting difficulties due to the production of secondary vegetative tillers may be overcome by swathing rather than direct combining.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1982.tb01602.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Detection of molecular markers linked to the durable adult plant stripe rust resistance gene Yr18 in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Stripe rust of wheat caused by Puccinia striiformis West. f. sp. tritici presents a serious problem for wheat production worldwide, and identification and deployment of resistance sources to it are key objectives for many wheat breeders. Here we report the detection of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked to the durable adult plant resistance of cv. ‘Otane’, which has conferred this resistance since its release in New Zealand in 1984. A double haploid population from a cross between ‘Otane’ and the susceptible cv. Tiritea’ was visually assessed for adult plant infection types (IT) in the glasshouse and field, and for final disease severity in the field against stripe rust pathotype 106E139A+. At least three resistance loci controlled adult plant resistance to stripe rust in this population. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping results revealed that two of these, one on chromosome 7DS corresponds to the durable adult plant resistance gene Yr18 and other on chromosome 5DL were contributed from ‘Otane’; while the remaining one on chromosome 7BL, was contributed from the susceptible ‘Tiritea’. Interval mapping placed the ‘Otane’-resistant segment near the centromere of chromosome 7DS at a distance of 7 cM from the SSR marker gwm44. The stability of QTL in the two environments is discussed. SSR gwm44 is potentially a candidate marker for identifying the durable resistance gene Yr18 in breeding programmes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01002.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of a ploidy series from a single interspecific Trifolium repens L.Ā . nigrescens Viv. F1 hybrid (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 821-831 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Trifolium spp. ; Polyploidy ; Interspecific ; hybrids ; Cytogenetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  The objective of the current research was to generate a ploidy series of backcross progenies from a single triploid (2n=3x=24) Trifolium repens×T. nigrescens F1 hybrid (3x H-6909-5). The 3x H-6909-5 plant was highly sterile and produced no seeds from approximately 3000 reciprocal backcrosses to both parental species. Chromosome doubling by an in vitro colchicine method resulted in a marked increase in fertility. Pollen stainability was increased from 9.9% in 3x H-6909-5 to an average of 89.2% (range 87.7–90.9%) in the three chromosome-doubled 6x H-6909-5 plants. Subsequent backcrosses of 6x H-6909-5 and interbreeding of backcross derivatives resulted in an array of fertile hybrids at 4x, 5x and 7x levels and some aneuploids. The occurrence of 7x BC1F1 progeny from the T. repens×6x H-6909-5 (4x×6x) cross is the first unequivocal evidence of functional female 2n gametes in white clover. Meiotic pairing in F1 and BC1F1 progeny indicated the presence of allosyndetic pairing, suggesting that genetic exchange between the two species is possible.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050483
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic analysis among and within populations forming ecotypes and cultivars of lucerne,Medicago sativa (Leguminosae), using RAPD fragments (1997)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 208 (1997), S. 107-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Leguminosae ; Medicago sativa ; Alfalfa ; cultivar discrimination ; DNA ; RAPD ; population genetics ; Mahalanobis distance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract We conducted this study to determine whether the analysis of the population frequency of individual RAPD fragments amplified from DNA of single seedlings could be used to discriminate cultivars of lucerne and compare the relatedness of cultivars of differing geographic and genetic origin. Canonical discriminant analysis of RAPD banding data obtained from amplification of DNA from 40 seedlings of each of ten cultivars (six Iranian ecotypic cultivars, two cultivars from New Zealand and two from the USA) with one selected primer enabled discrimination of most cultivars (78% of pairwise comparisons at P 〈 0.01 among the ten cultivars examined in this study). Comparison of the Mahalanobis generalized distances among the cultivars produced results for genetic relatedness which were generally consistent with geographical origin and breeding relationships. Cultivar uniformity was assessed by determining the percentage of seedlings correctly classified into the named cultivar; this was variable among cultivars and the Iranian ecotypic cultivars had a particularly wide range of variability. Analysis of population genetics in lucerne using RAPD banding data may be useful for plant improvement, in descriptions of new cultivars and also when assessing cultivar purity in seed certification programmes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00986085
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  • 10
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    Unbekannt
    Effects of elevated CO2and temperature on seed quality (2012)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-03-30
    Beschreibung: SUMMARYSuccessful crop production depends initially on the availability of high-quality seed. By 2050 global climate change will have influenced crop yields, but will these changes affect seed quality? The present review examines the effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature during seed production on three seed quality components: seed mass, germination and seed vigour.In response to elevated CO2, seed mass has been reported to both increase and decrease in C3plants, but not change in C4plants. Increases are greater in legumes than non-legumes, and there is considerable variation among species. Seed mass increases may result in a decrease of seed nitrogen (N) concentration in non-legumes. Increasing temperature may decrease seed mass because of an accelerated growth rate and reduced seed filling duration, but lower seed mass does not necessarily reduce seed germination or vigour.Like seed mass, reported seed germination responses to elevated CO2have been variable. The reported changes in seed C/N ratio can decrease seed protein content which may eventually lead to reduced viability. Conversely, increased ethylene production may stimulate germination in some species. High-temperature stress before developing seeds reach physiological maturity (PM) can reduce germination by inhibiting the ability of the plant to supply the assimilates necessary to synthesize the storage compounds required for germination.Nothing is known concerning the effects of elevated CO2on seed vigour. However, seed vigour can be reduced by high-temperature stress both before and after PM. High temperatures induce or increase the physiological deterioration of seeds. Limited evidence suggests that only short periods of high-temperature stress at critical seed development stages are required to reduce seed vigour, but further research is required.The predicted environmental changes will lead to losses of seed quality, particularly for seed vigour and possibly germination. The seed industry will need to consider management changes to minimize the risk of this occurring.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Digitale ISSN: 1469-5146
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Publiziert von Cambridge University Press
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