ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (789)
  • Genetics  (789)
  • 1995-1999  (627)
  • 1980-1984  (162)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1925-1929
  • Biology  (789)
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology  (1)
Collection
  • Articles  (789)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
Journal
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A genetic basis of oviposition preference in the large milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus (1983)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 34 (1983), S. 215-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Oviposition preference ; Genetics ; Oncopeltus fasciatus ; Hemiptera ; Lygaeidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei Oncopeltus fasciatus von 6 verschiedenen Herkünften und deren F1 und F2 Hybriden wurde die bevorzugte Eiablagestelle untersucht. In drei Versuchsreihen erwiesen sich dabei alle an einer Lokalität gesammelten Proben als statistisch homogen. Ferner bilderen alle in Nordamerika gesammelten Proben eine statistisch homogene Gruppe, die sich von der puertoricanischen Herkunft unterschied. F1 and F2 Hybriden nicht puertoricanischer Herkunft unterschieden sich nicht wesentlich voneinander. Hybriden zwischen puertoricanischen und nordame-rikanischen Herkünften zeigten in F1 eine dominante Neigung in Richtung der puertoricanischen Eiablagepräferenz; diese Neigung verlor sich in F2. Aufgrund dieses Verlusts wurde geschlossen, dass die Eiablagepräferenz polygenisch bestimmt ist.
    Notes: Abstract Oviposition site preferences were examined in descendents of milkweed bugs collected in six geographic areas and in their F1 and F2 hybrids. Within an area, samples were stastically homogeneous in oviposition preference across three trials. All samples from within the continental USA formed a statistically homogeneous group and, as a group, were different in oviposition preference from the Puerto Rican collection. F1 and F2 hybrids with no Puerto Rican ancestry were not significantly different from each other in oviposition preference. Hybrids with Puerto Rican ancestry exhibited a “dominance” deviation in favor of the Puerto rican oviposition site preference in the F1 generation, but lost that deviation in the F2 generation. This loss was interpreted as evidence that oviposition preference in Oncopeltus fasciatus was polygenically controlled. Probable selection pressures affecting oviposition preferences in O. fasciatus and the advantages of polygenic control of this trait were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186915
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of chloroplast DNA in Chlamydomonas eugametos and C. moewusii and its inheritance in hybrid progeny (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 2 (1980), S. 139-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Chlamydomonas ; Chloroplast ; DNA ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The density, molecular weight, and cellular repetition of DNA molecules associated with the β-DNA satellite of the interfertile algae Chlamydomonas eugametos and C. moewusii are reported. The similarities between these values and those for the chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) in the related alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii indicate that these satellites represent cpDNA. The buoyant densities of C. eugametos and C. moewusii cpDNAs are indistinguishable from one another, as are those of their respective nuclear DNAs. These densities differ slightly from the densities of the homologous components of C. reinhardtii whole cell DNA. All three species differ with respect to additional minor satellite DNAs and low molecular weight DNAs of unknown cellular location. Differences in the Aval and Smal restriction endonuclease fragmentation patterns of C. eugametos and C. moewusii cpDNAs were employed to study the inheritance of cpDNA in an F1 hybrid which had inherited a non-Mendelian streptomycin resistance marker (sr-2) from the C. eugametos mating-type plus (mt +) parent and in two homoplasmic mitotic segregants from a B 1 hybrid (F1 × C. moewusii) which had been initially heteroplasmic for the resistance marker. Although the cpDNA patterns in the F1 hybrid were similar to those of the C. eugametos ml 1 parent, important differences were noted which suggest that recombination between C. eugametos and C. moewusii cpDNA had occurred. Homoplasmic streptomycin resistant and sensitive mitotic segregants recovered from the B1 hybrid product reveal Aval restriction patterns similar to those of the respective resistant and sensitive parents. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the sr-2 marker is located in cpDNA and that C. eugametos and C. moewusii cpDNA sequences can coexist in the same chloroplast and, at least sometimes, segregate without extensive recombination. The transmission of low molecular weight DNAs characteristic of C. moewusii but of unknown cellular origin shows no direct correlation with the transmission of the sr-2 marker.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420626
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical foundations for quantitative paleogenetics (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 16 (1980), S. 211-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Nucleic acids ; Proteins ; Natural selection ; Genetics ; Nonrandom molecular divergence ; Nonrandom REH theory ; Evolution ; mRNA ; DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary REH theory is extended by deriving the theoretical equations that permit one to analyze the nonrandom molecular divergence of homologous genes and proteins. The nonrandomicities considered are amino acid and base composition, the frequencies with which each of the four nucleotides is replaced by one of the other three, unequal usage of degenerate codons, distribution of fixed base replacements at the three nucleotide positions within codons, and distributions of fixed base replacements among codons. The latter two distributions turn out to dominate the accuracy of genetic distance estimates. The negative binomial density is used to allow for the unequal mutability of different codon sites, and the implications of its two limiting forms, the Poisson and geometric distributions, are considered. It is shown that the fixation intensity — the average number of base replacements per variable codon - is expressible as the simple product of two factors, the first describing the asymmetry of the distribution of base replacements over the gene and the second defining the ratio of the average probability that a codon will fix a mutation to the probability that it will not. Tables are given relating these features to experimentally observable quantities inα hemoglobin,β hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromec, and the parvalbumin group of proteins and to the structure of their corre-sponding genes or mRNAs. The principal results are (1) more accurate methods of estimating parameters of evolutionary interest from experimental gene and protein sequence data, and (2) the fact that change in gene and protein structure has been a much less efficient process than previously believed in the sense of requiring many more base replacements to effect a given structural change than earlier estimation procedures had indicated. This inefficiency is directly traceable to Darwinian selection for the nonrandom gene or protein structures necessary for biological function. The application of these methods is illustrated by detailed consideration of the rabbitα -andβ hemoglobin mRNAs and the proteins for which they code. It is found that these two genes are separated by about 425 fixed base replacements, which is a factor of two greater than earlier estimates. The replacements are distributed over approximately 114 codon sites that were free to accept base mutations during the divergence of these two genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01804977
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The estimation of genetic divergence (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 17 (1981), S. 167-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Evolution ; Genetics ; REH theory ; Mutations ; Natural selection ; Nucleic acids ; Proteins ; Paleogenetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have independently repeated the computer simulations on which Nei and Tateno (1978) base their criticism of REH theory and have extended the analysis to include mRNAs as well as proteins. The simulation data confirm the correctness of the REH method. The high average value of the fixation intensity μ2 found by Nei and Tateno is due to two factors: 1) they reported only the five replications in which μ2 was high, excluding the forty-five replications containing the more representative data;and 2) the lack of information, inherent to protein sequence data, about fixed mutations at the third nucleotide position within codons, as the values are lower when the estimate is made from the mRNAs that code for the proteins. REH values calculated from protein or nucleic acid data on the basis of the equiprobability of genetic events underestimate, not overestimate, the total fixed mutations. In REH theory the experimental data determine the estimate T2 of the time average number of codons that have been free to fix mutations during a given period of divergence. In the method of Nei and Tateno it is assumed, despite evidence to the contrary, that every amino acid position may fix a mutation. Under the latter assumption, the measure X2 of genetic divergence suggested by Nei and Tateno is not tenable: values of X2 for theα hemoglobin divergences are less than the minimum number of fixed substitutions known to have occurred. Within the context of REH theory, a paradox, first posed by Zuckerkandl, with respect to the high rate of covarion turnover and the nature of general function sites in proteins is resolved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01733911
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent advances in genetic research on schizophrenia (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 5 (1998), S. 28-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Genetics ; Schizophrenia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Evidence for genetic factors in schizophrenia is reviewed with regard to family, twin and adoption studies, and recent advances in molecular genetic technology are applied to explore possible gene loci susceptible to schizophrenia. Application of neuropsychological and neuroimaging methodologies are also reviewed with an aim to develop criteria for defining phenotypes for genetic studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02253353
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of potential phosphorylation sites in human T cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 6 (1999), S. 206-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Tax ; HTLV-1 ; Trans-activation ; Phosphorylation ; Mutagenesis ; Transcription ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax is a phosphoprotein, however, the contribution of phosphorylation to Tax activity is unknown. Previous studies have shown that phosphorylation of Tax occurs on serine residue(s), within one tryptic fragment, in response to 4β-phorbol-12β-myristate-13α-acetate, in both mouse and human cells. Studies were conducted in multiple cell lines to identify the specific phosphorylated serines as a prelude to functional analysis. The phosphorylation pattern of Tax was found to be different in 293T and COS-7 cells in comparison with MT-4 and Px-1 cells. However, one tryptic fragment remained consistent in comigration analyses among all cell lines. Using selected Tax serine mutants a tryptic fragment containing a serine at residue 113 believed to be the site of phosphorylation of Tax did not comigrate with the common phosphorylated tryptic fragment. Analysis of selected Tax mutants for ability totrans-activate the cytomegalovirus promoter demonstrated mutation of serine 77 to alanine reducedtrans-activation by 90% compared to wild-type Tax. However, examination of the phosphorylation pattern of the serine 77 mutant demonstrated that it is not the site of phosphorylation. These studies demonstrate the importance of using relevant cell lines to characterize the role of phosphorylation in protein function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02255904
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geographic variation in seed dormancy among populations of Echinochloa crus-galli (1996)
    Springer
    Oecologia 108 (1996), S. 419-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Barnyard grass ; Seed dormancy ; Geographic variation ; Genetics ; Ecophysiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In 1991–1993, we investigated the incidence of seed dormancy in 25 local populations of barnyard grass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv., in the western Czech Republic. The percentage of germination after 4 months afterripening of dry seeds at 25°C varied between 0.0 and 83.6%. Although there were significant annual differences in the percentage of germination at some localities, typical proportions of dormant seeds persisted over 3 years at field sites where the seed bank was not disturbed. One-way ANOVA (using data from 14 cultivated or abandoned fields) revealed that 73.0% of variance in seed dormancy incidence could be attributed to the effect of locality (P〈0.001). Incidence of dormancy was not correlated with mother plant stature (dry above-ground biomass, number of tillers, maximal stem height) nor seed mass. There was a significant correlation (r 2=0.403, P〈0.005) between dormancy incidence at natural localities in 1991 and in F1 offspring sown at experimental grounds at Praha-Ruzyně in 1992. The results indicate that heredity is important in maintaining local variation in seed dormancy, probably favoured by the self-pollinating reproduction of barnyard grass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333716
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetics and cytology of a new genic male-sterile soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (1997)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 10 (1997), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Soybean ; Male sterility ; Genetics ; Callase ; Callose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Genetic and cytological studies were conducted with a new male-sterile, female-fertile soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] mutant. This mutant was completely male sterile and was inherited as a single-recessive gene. No differences in female or male gamete transmission of the recessive allele were observed between reciprocal cross-pollinations in the F1 or F2 generations. This mutant was not allelic to any previously identified soybean genic male-sterile mutants: ms1, ms2, ms3, ms4, ms5, or ms6. No linkage was detected between sterility and flower color (W1 locus), or between sterility and pubescence color (T1 locus). Light microscopic and cytological observations of microsporogenesis in fertile and sterile anthers were conducted. The structure of microspore mother cells (MMC) in male-sterile plants was identical to the MMCs in male-fertile plants. Enzyme extraction analyses showed that there was no callase activity in male-sterile anthers, and this suggests that sterility was caused by retention of the callose walls, which normally are degraded around tetrads at the late tetrad stage. The tapetum from male-sterile anthers also showed abnormalities at the tetrad stage and later stages, which were expressed by an unusual formation of vacuoles, and by accumulation of densely staining material. At maturity, anthers from sterile plants were devoid of pollen grains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970050062
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex segregation ratio and gender expression in the genus Actinidia (1995)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 8 (1995), S. 129-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Sex control ; Disomic segregation ; Dioecy Kiwifruit ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The sex segregation ratio was checked in bi-parental families of Actinidia deliciosa (2n=6x=174) obtained by crossing four females (A12, Mo3, Br4, Hw1) with two males (T2, M1) and one fruiting male (M3h, subandroecious) according to a factorial mating design. The M3h fruiting male was also selfed. The sex ratio was checked in maternal families of A. kolomikta (2n=2x) and A. chinensis (2n=2x) as well as in A. deliciosa. Seedlings of both diploid species took 3–4 years to progress beyond juvenility, whereas a noticeable number of seedlings from biparental crosses of A. deliciosa involving A12 and Hw1 as seed parents were still non-flowering after seven growing seasons. Open-pollinated families of both diploid and hexaploid species as well as most families from biparental crosses showed a sex segregation ratio approaching 1∶1. Subandroecious lines with different degrees of ovary and pistil development appeared in proportions of 0–4.2%, depending on the cross, but only 6 of the 2567 male vines checked were capable of setting fruit. No case of self-fertility or apomixis was detected among 1866 bagged female vines. Selfed M3h progenies gave only female and male phenotypes in a ratio of 1 female to 3 males. No off-type vines were found among these progenies. The same disomic sex segregation ratio seems to be operating at different ploidy levels in the genus Actinidia. Since selfed fruiting males produced both female and male individuals, the male sex appears to be the heterogametic one. Such evidence indicates that a monofactorial system based on one or more linked genes or on an X/Y chromosome set must be controlling sex expression. How a monofactorial sex-determining mechanism could operate in polyploids to give a 1∶1 female: male ratio is discussed. Minor modifying gene(s) seem to be responsible for the feminization of males, and their expression appears enhanced by environmental conditions. Masculinizing gene(s) seem to be lacking in female genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00242255
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Controlling septation in fission yeast: finding the middle, and timing it right (1999)
    Springer
    Current genetics 35 (1999), S. 571-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Cytokinesis ; Kinase ; Mitosis ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; Cell division ; Phosphatase ; Mutant ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe provides a simple eukaryotic model for the study of cytokinesis. S. pombe cells are rod-shaped, grow mainly by elongation at their tips, and divide by binary fission after forming a centrally placed division septum. Analysis of mutants has begun to shed light upon how septum formation and cytokinesis are regulated both spatially and temporally. Some of the proteins involved in these events have been functionally conserved throughout eukaryotic evolution, suggesting that aspects of this control will be common to all eukaryotic cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050455
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Segregation and transmission of mitochondrial markers in fusion products of the asporogenous yeast Torulopsis glabrata (1981)
    Springer
    Current genetics 4 (1981), S. 73-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Protoplast ; Fusion ; Mitochondrial ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Using a protoplast fusion technique we have been able to locate to the mitochondrial genome of the asporogenous yeast Torulopsis glabrata mutations conferring resistance to oligomycin, antimycin and diuron. When two strains differing in the size of their mtDNAs were fused the mitochondrial markers from the parent with the larger mtDNA (71–91) were transmitted predominantly among the fusion products. Both genetical and physical evidence support the occurrence of recombination in T. glabrata mitochondrial genome. Segregation of the mitochondrial genome appears to take place before the separation of the first bud from the fusion product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376789
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of mitochondrial mutants in hybridization of industrial yeasts (1981)
    Springer
    Current genetics 4 (1981), S. 177-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Genetics ; Yeasts, protoplasts ; Saccharomyces ; Hansenula
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Protoplasts of petites of strains 625-CI of Saccharomyces diastaticus and NCYC 1085 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, originally obtained from the National Collection of Yeast Cultures, England, were fused with protoplasts of Candida pseudotropicalis, Saccharomyces rosei, Yaccharbmycesmontanus, Pichiamembranefaciens, Hansenula anomala, Hansenula capsulata, and Schizosac-charomyces pombe. The respiratory-competent products of the fusions were selected on the basis of using at least one of the carbon sources utilized by the petite parent and not by the other. The products of the fusion of C. pseudotropicalis x 1085(p−) consisted of two cell types; an oval cell which utilized both lactose and maltose and fermented lactose vigorously, and a cylindrical form which fermented maltose slowly. The S. rosei x 1085(p−) hybrids had acquired the ability to metabolize and ferment galactose, and to ferment maltose, from the petite parent. The P. membranaefaciens x 625(p−) hybrids acquired the ability to metabolize galactose, sucrose and maltose, but fermented only glucose, weakly, like the P. membranaefaciens parent strain. The H. capsulate x 625(p−) hybrids, unlike the hybrids with P. membranaefaciens or S. rosei, resembled the petite parent morphologically and also had the fermentative abilities of this strain (galactose, maltose, sucrose and starch), and the ability to ferment starch was considerably enhanced. The S. montanus x 625(p−) hybrids acquired the ability to utilize starch. Schizosaccharomyces pombe x 625(p−) hybrids resembled S. pombe morphologically, but had the ability to metabolize galactose and starch. Some of the asci produced by these hybrids contained abnormal numbers of spores. H. anomala x 624 x(p−) hybrids fermented starch, though weakly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420495
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The evolutionary effect of endemic infectious disease: Continuous models for an invariant pathogen (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 15 (1982), S. 65-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Epidemics ; Genetics ; Continuous models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Continuous deterministic models are used to investigate the relationship between the epidemiology of endemic infectious disease and the genetics of natural selection in the host population when a specific genetic locus controls susceptibility to disease under a variety of circumstances. One locus, two allele genes are considered in the contexts of haploid and diploid host populations while the agent of infection is assumed to be invariant. It is found that polymorphic equilibria exist and are stable for certain parameter combinations in each of the cases studied. The equilibrium levels of gene frequencies and disease prevalence depend on both genetic and epidemic factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00275789
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Models of epidemics and endemicity in genetically variable host populations (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 17 (1983), S. 289-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Endemicity ; Epidemics ; Genetics ; Deterministic models ; Stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A discrete time genetics model is developed for populations that are undergoing selection due to infectious disease. It is assumed that the generation time of the host and infectious agent are non-synchronous and that only the host population is evolving. Two classes of epidemic processes are considered. The first class is for infectious agents that confer immunity following infection, while the second class is for those that do not confer immunity. The necessary and sufficient conditions are found in order for the disease to persist in a stable polymorphic host population. These conditions are shown to depend on the density of susceptibles, the selection coefficients, and the severity and class of the disease process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276518
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Homoclinic chaos in a model of natural selection (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 35 (1997), S. 294-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Key words: Natural selection ; Homoclinic chaos ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract.  We modify a simple mathematical model for natural selection originally formulated by Robert M. May in 1983 by permitting one homozygote to have a larger selective advantage when rare than the other, and show that the new model exhibits dynamical chaos. We determine an open region of parameter space associated with homoclinic points, and prove that there are infinite sequences of period-doubling bifurcations along selected paths through parameter space. We also discuss the possibility of chaos arising from imbalance in the homozygote fitnesses in more realistic biological situations, beyond the constraints of the model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002850050053
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of genotype on response thresholds to sucrose and foraging behavior of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 182 (1998), S. 489-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key words Honey bee ; Behavior ; Genetics ; Neurobiology ; Foraging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Honey bee foragers were tested for their proboscis extension response (PER) to water and varying solutions of sucrose. Returning pollen and nectar foragers were collected at the entrance of a colony and were assayed in the laboratory. Pollen foragers had a significantly higher probability of responding to water and to lower concentrations of sucrose. Bees derived from artificially selected high- and low-pollen-hoarding strains were also tested using the proboscis extension assay. Returning foragers were captured and tested for PERs to 30% sucrose. Results demonstrated a genotypic effect on PERs of returning foragers. The PERs of departing high- and low-strain foragers were consistent with those of returning foragers. The PERs were related to nectar and water reward perception of foragers. High strain bees were more likely to return with loads of water and lower concentrations of sucrose than foragers from the low pollen strain. Low-strain bees were more likely to return empty. We identified a previously mapped genomic region that contains a variable quantitative trait locus that appears to influence sucrose response thresholds. These studies demonstrate a gene-brain-behavior pathway that can be altered as a consequence of colony-level selection for quantities of stored food.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003590050196
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cultivar and cultivar x environment effects on the development of callus and polyhaploid plants from anther cultures of wheat (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 67 (1984), S. 273-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum L. ; Doubled-haploids ; Genetics ; Androgenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Plants of three common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) cultivars and one randomly selected doubled-haploid line derived by anther culture from each of the three cultivars were each grown in three environments, a field environment, a greenhouse environment, and a growth chamber environment. Anthers containing largely miduninucleate to late uninucleate microspores were cultured and calli were induced to regenerate plants in order to assess the effects of cultivar, cultivar family (cultivar and corresponding doubled-haploid derivative), anther-donor plant environment, and cultivar X environment interaction on androgenic responses. Large differences in response were observed among cultivars as well as between cultivars and doubled-haploids. Differences between cultivar and doubled-haploid within cultivar family usually resulted from higher frequency of response in the cultivar, contrary to the hypothesis that anther culture per se constitutes a general selective device for superior androgenic responses. Also, in a second experiment, anther callusing frequency was greater in the cultivar ‘Kitt’ than in any of five unique doubled-haploid lines derived from ‘Kitt’. Significant effects were also observed in the first experiment for the interactions of cultivar family X environment as well as doubled-haploid vs. cultivar X environment, although the effect of environment itself was less significant than these interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317054
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetics of nitrogen metabolism and physiological/biochemical selection for increased grain crop productivity (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 67 (1984), S. 97-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genetics ; Nitrogen ; Grain crops ; Selection ; Plant breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary It is necessary to increase protein productivity of grain crops to meet present and future world protein requirements. Conventional plant breeding methodology has been to select genotypes with enhanced yield or grain protein concentration. In addition to this determination of end product, we suggest measurements of a number of physiological and biochemical processes of nitrogen (N) metabolism which precede plant maturity as selection criteria for enhanced N metabolism and grain crop productivity. The measurement across the growing season of genotypic variation in components of N metabolism would constitute a physiological/biochemical selection program to be incorporated with the determination of harvestable end product. A properly designed physiological/biochemical selection program would integrate the effects of plant genotype, environment, and their interactions allowing identification of the factors limiting productivity of particular genotypes, and would also estimate end product. Our review of literature pertinent to whole plant N metabolism suggests that such a selection program initially include NO 3 - uptake, N2 fixation, N accumulation, N remobilization, seed protein synthesis, and Nitrogen Harvest Index.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317013
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetics of heat tolerance and thyroid function in Athens-Canadian randombred chickens (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 69 (1984), S. 15-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genetics ; Heat tolerance ; Thyroid function ; Chickens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Five experiments were conducted to assess the genetic variation in thyroid function (T3, T4), body weight and heat stress survival time in chickens. Thyroxine (T4) levels were found to be elevated in response to 4 and 8 μg bovine thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in experiment I. In experiment II, 4 μg of TSH was injected into chickens from 30 sire families of the Athens-Canadian Randombred population. The heritability of T4 levels after TSH injection was high. In experiment III, families identified as having innate high or low T4 levels after TSH injection and a group of control birds were subjected to a heat Stressor of 50 °C for up to 240 min at six weeks of age and heat stress survival time was studied. The groups did not differ from each other in heat stress survival time. Experiment IV was similar to experiment I except triiodothyronine (T3) was also measured after TSH injection. Both T4 and T3 levels after TSH injection were moderately heritable. In experiment V birds were reared to six weeks of age and heritability calculated for body weight, T4, T3, and heat stress survival time. Heritabilities were high for body weight, moderate for T4 and heat stress survival time, and low for T3. Phenotypic correlations were significant and negative for heat stress survival time with body weight and T4, and for body weight with T3 after TSH. Significant positive correlations were found for T4 with T3 after TSH and also T4 and body weight. Analysis of genetic correlations suggested that none of the traits studied would be an adequate selection parameter for achieving heat tolerance without reducing body weight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262530
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domestication via hybridization of the wild tetraploid oats Avena magna and A. murphyi (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 639-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Gene introgression ; Genetics ; Linkage ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The wild tetraploid (2n=28) oat species Avena magna and A. murphyi have been domesticated by having been transferred from the common oat, A sativa (2n=42), the characteristics of non-shedding spikelets glabrous and yellow lemma, and reduced awn formation. Domestication has been achieved by crossing the common oat with either of the tetraploid species and then backcrossing the pentaploid hybrids with pollen of the tetraploid wild parent. Among the BC plants obtained only a few produced some seeds. Fertile tetraploids exhibiting the domesticated syndrome have been selected for in the F2 generation. Although morphologically they were almost indistinguishable from the common oat, they were tetraploids. Wild x domesticated A. magna hybrids were vigorous and fertile. They retained their spikelets at maturity, lemma color and pubescence were intermediate between the parental lines, and awns were formed only on the lower floret of the spikelet. Each of these characteristics segregated in a 3∶1 fashion, indicating single gene control, as in the common oat. These four characteristics formed a linkage group in one F2 family and two linkage groups in the other two families. The usefulness of the domesticated tetraploids for oat research and production has been discussed. Taxonomically, the domesticated tetraploids were ranked as subspecies: A. magna ssp. domestica, and A. murphyi ssp. rigida.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223291
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genetics of adult-plant blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) resistance from Brassica juncea in B. napus (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 382-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genetics ; Blacking resistance ; Brassica napus ; Brassica juncea ; Leptosphaeria maculans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genetic control of adult-plant blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) resistance in a Brassica napus line (579NO48-109-DG-1589), designated “R13” possessing Brassica juncea-like resistance (JR), was elucidated by the analysis of segregation ratios in F2 and F3 populations from a cross between “R13” and the highly blackleg-susceptible B. napus cultivar “Tower”. The F2 segregration ratios were bimodal, demonstrating that blackleg resistance in “R13” was controlled by major genes. Analysis of the segregation ratios for 13 F3 families indicated that blackleg resistance in these families was controlled by three nuclear genes, which exhibited a complex interaction. Randomly sampled plants of F3 progeny all had the normal diploid somatic chromosome number for B. napus. The similarities between the action of the three genes found in this study with those controlling blackleg resistance in B. juncea is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223683
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative mapping in F2∶3 and F6∶7 generations of quantitative trait loci for grain yield and yield components in maize (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 817-826 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Zea mays ; RFLPs ; Plant breeding ; Genetics ; Recombination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This study was conducted to compare maize quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection for grain yield and yield components in F2∶3 and F6∶7 recombinant inbred (RI) lines from the same population. One hundred and eighty-six F6∶7 RIs from a Mo17×H99 population were grown in a replicated field experiment and analyzed at 101 loci detected by restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Single-factor analysis of variance was conducted for each locus-trait combination to identify QTL. For grain yield, 6 QTL were detected accounting for 22% of the phenotypic variation. A total of 63 QTL were identified for the seven grain yield components with alleles from both parents contributing to increased trait values. Several genetic regions were associated with more than one trait, indicating possible linked and/or pleiotropic effects. In a comparison with 150 F2∶3 lines from the same population, the same genetic regions and parental effects were detected across generations despite being evaluated under diverse environmental conditions. Some of the QTL detected in the F2∶3 seem to be dissected into multiple, linked QTL in the F6∶7 generation, indicating better genetic resolution for QTL detection with RIs. Also, genetic effects at QTL are smaller in the F6∶7 generation for all traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221893
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genetics of blackleg [Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces, et De Not.] resistance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 932-940 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genetics ; Adult-plant ; Blackleg resistance ; Brassica napus ; Leptosphaeria maculans ; Australian cultivar
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genetic control of adult-plant blackleg [Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces. et De Not.] resistance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) was studied in the F2 and first-backcross populations of the cross “Maluka” (blackleg-resistant) x “Niklas” (highly susceptible). A L. maculans isolate possessing high levels of host specificity (MB2) was used in all inoculations. Resistance/susceptibility was evaluated using three separate measures of crown-canker size, i.e. the percentage of crown girdled (%G), external lesion length (E) and internal lesion area (%II). Disease severity scores for the F2 and first-backcross populations based on E and %II gave discontinuous distributions, indicating major-gene control for these measures of resistance; but those for %G were continuous, indicating quantitative genetic control for this measure. Chi-square tests performed on the (poorly-defined) resistance classes, based on E, in the F2 and first-backcross populations indicated the likelihood for resistance being governed by a single, incompletely dominant major gene. Although the distributions of the F2 and first-backcross populations, based on%II, were clearly discontinuous, the observed segregation ratios for resistance and susceptibility did not fit any of the numerous Mendelian ratios which were considered. Differences in inheritance of resistance according to the assessment method and blackleg isolate used, were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224096
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetics of virulence in Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces. et De Not., the cause of blackleg in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 301-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Leptosphaeria maculans ; Brassica napus ; Blackleg ; Genetics ; Virulence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genetic basis of virulence of 24 isolates of L. maculans collected from various sites throughout south-eastern and south-western Australia were studied using five clone-lines of B. napus. The experimental design allowed the estimation of the environmental and genetic components of variance using a standard analysis of variance. Virulence of these isolates (as measured by the percentage of stem girdling, %G) on the clonelines NCII and Tap was found to be most likely controlled by a small number of genes; the broad-sense heritabilities were 79.7% and 67.5% for virulence on NCII and Tap, respectively. The significance of these results in relation to the potential of L. maculans in adapting to new resistant B. napus cultivars is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223169
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somaclonal genetics of rice, Oryza sativa L. (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 67 (1983), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Somaclonal variation ; Genetics ; Oryza sativa L. ; Rice improvement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The inheritance and variations of some traits of more than 2,000 somatic cell derived plants of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were investigated in the second and third generations (T2 and T3) of regenerated plants (somaclones). The percentages of multiploids occurring in somaclones ranged from 0–13.3 in nine varieties (or hybrids) of ‘Hsien’ (indica) group, but no multiploid was found in nine varieties (or hybrid) of ‘Keng’ (japonica) group. A dwarf mutant with the height of only 20 cm was isolated in the T2 of ‘Tai-Zhong-Yu 39’. Genetic analysis indicated that it was controlled by a single recessive gene. The frequencies of chlorophyll mutations probably controlled by cytoplasmic genes decreased gradually with the advance of generations. The variations of five quantitative traits — plant height, grain weight, etc. — in 950 T2 pedigree lines of four varieties were also studied. Only 24.4% of the lines were normal in all the traits studied. Variation frequencies of different traits were from 11.5% to 39.5%. And there was an obvious tendency for the plant height to become shorter, number of productive tillers to increase and 1,000 grain weight to be lighter, whatever the variety studied. Traits were uniform within each of more than 90% of all T2 lines studied. What is more interesting, variations phenotyped in T2 proved to breed true. Causes of somaclonal variations are discussed, as well as their potentials in breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303925
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diallel analysis for aluminium tolerance in tropical soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 267-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Cerrado ; Savannah ; Acid soils ; Hydroponics ; Nutrient ; Variety ; Genetics ; Inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The soybean is a major crop in the agricultural systems of the Brazilian Cerrados (Savannahs), whose soils are acidic, devoid of nutrients and need to be amended before they are cultivated. However, below the ploughed layer there is a scarcity of nutrients and toxic aluminium (Al). These limit root growth, subsequently causing nutritional imbalance and drought stress. Our aim in the investigation described here was to identify genetic differences in the aluminium tolerance of soybeans by a 9 × 9 diallel cross among contrasting varieties grown in high-Al areas and in hydroponics. Combining ability analysis indicated predominantly additive gene effects, and the additive-dominance model explained most of the genetic differences in this germ plasm for mineral element absorption and root growth under aluminium stress. The relationship between the two factors suggest that conjugation hydroponics and field evaluations in breeding programmes would further improve soybeans with respect to yield stability under tropical cultivation conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223384
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diallel analysis for mineral element absorption in tropical adapted soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 707-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Mineral stress ; Nutrient efficiency ; Aluminium tolerance ; Inheritance ; Genetics ; Breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Brazilian tropical adapted soybeans contains, in addition to superior morphological characters, genetic factors for tolerance to cultivation in acidic, mineral-stressed soils. However, the selection process for these hindrances has been empirical, and information on the genetics of mineral element uptake by the plant is necessary. The objective of this investigation was to identify the mode of inheritance for the absorption of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminium, manganese, zinc and copper in a 9 × 9 diallel cross. General combining ability (GCA) was higher than specific combining ability (SCA), with the exception of copper, manganese and zinc, indicating predominantly additive effects. The ratios of GCA/SCA varied between 3.4 (calcium) and 8.5 (magnesium). The regression of covariance (Wr) on variance (Vr) showed that the additive-dominance model explained the genetic differences in this germ plasm. However, the detection of overdominance could be related to possible heterozygosity in the parental varieties for mineral absorption. Broad-sense heritability values were higher than narrow sense heritability values for aluminium, iron, potassium, calcium and magnesium, being in the range of 67.9–86.9% and 42.0–56.6%, respectively. This is an indication that soybeans can be further improved to efficient utilisation of nutrients and to tolerate toxic factors in the soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222137
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative mapping in F2:3 and F6:7 generations of quantitative trait loci for grain yield and yield components in maize (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 817-826 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words  Zea mays ; RFLPs ; Plant breeding ; Genetics ; Recombination ; Abbreviations  RFLPs Restriction fragment length polymorphisms ; QTL quantitative trait loci ; RIs recombinant inbreds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract   This study was conducted to compare maize quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection for grain yield and yield components in F2:3 and F6:7 recombinant inbred (RI) lines from the same population. One hundred and eighty-six F6:7 RIs from a Mo17×H99 population were grown in a replicated field experiment and analyzed at 101 loci detected by restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Single-factor analysis of variance was conducted for each locus-trait combination to identify QTL. For grain yield, 6 QTL were detected accounting for 22% of the phenotypic variation. A total of 63 QTL were identified for the seven grain yield components with alleles from both parents contributing to increased trait values. Several genetic regions were associated with more than one trait, indicating possible linked and/or pleiotropic effects. In a comparison with 150 F2:3 lines from the same population, the same genetic regions and parental effects were detected across generations despite being evaluated under diverse environmental conditions. Some of the QTL detected in the F2:3 seem to be dissected into multiple, linked QTL in the F6:7 generation, indicating better genetic resolution for QTL detection with RIs. Also, genetic effects at QTL are smaller in the F6:7 generation for all traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050198
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability and genetics of tolerance for aluminum toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 738-744 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Aluminum toxicity ; Diallel analysis ; Genetics ; Rice ; Variability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A study was undertaken to investigate the variability among lowland rice cultivars and the mode of gene action of aluminum (Al) toxicity tolerance in rice. Pregerminated seeds were grown in a nutrient solution containing 30 ppm Al and in normal nutrient solution, and relative root length (RRL) was determined at the 14-day-old stage to characterize genotypes for tolerance. Sixty-two traditional rice cultivars grown on lowland acid sulfate soil areas of Asia and West Africa were tested. Tolerant varieties ‘Azucena’, ‘IRAT104’, and ‘Moroberekan’, moderately sensitive ‘IR29’ and ‘IR43’, and sensitive ‘IR45’ and ‘IR1552’ were used to investigate the genetics of tolerance by diallel analysis. Of the 62 cultivars tested, only 3 were found to be sensitive to A l toxicity. Among the tolerant cultivars identified, 11 (‘Siyam Kuning’, ‘Gudabang Putih’, ‘Siyam’, ‘Lemo’, ‘Khao Daeng’, ‘Siyamhalus’, ‘Bjm-12’, ‘Ketan’, ‘Seribu Gantang’, ‘Bayer Raden Rati’, and ‘Padi Kanji’) were found to possess higher levels of tolerance than the improved tolerant upland cultivar ‘IRAT104’. Diallel analysis revealed that high RRL is governed by both additive and dominance effects with a preponderance of additive effects. The trait exhibited partial dominance, and one group of genes was detected. Heritability was high, and environmenal effects were low. Findings suggest that when breeding for A1 toxicity tolerance, selection can be made in early generations. The pedigree method of breeding would be suitable. Combining ability analysis revealed the importance of both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) in the genetics of A1 toxicity tolerance in rice. GCA was more prevalent than SCA. Tolerant parens ‘Azucena’, ‘IRAT104’, and ‘Moroberekan’ were the best general combiners. The presence of reciprocal effects among crosses suggested the proper choice of parents in hybridization programs. Results indicated that ‘Azucena’, ‘IRAT 104’, and ‘Moroberekan’ should be used as the female in crosses for A1 toxicity tolerance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224070
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytological basis for a tetraspory in Cupressus sempervirens L. megagametogenesis and its implications in genetic studies (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 776-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Cupressus sempervirens ; Cytology ; Megasporogenesis ; Megagametogenesis ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The processes of megasporogenesis and early megagametogenesis were cytologically investigated in Cupressus sempervirens L. in order to elucidate, at the cellular level, the origin of the megagametophyte. After pollination, sporogenous tissue developed in the chalazal region of the nucellus, but only one megaspore mother cell differentiated and divided meiotically without cell-wall formation. This led to the development of a cell with four nuclei which directly functioned as a megaspore. The C. sempervirens megagametophyte is thus tetrasporic, in contrast to the majority of conifers where the megagametophyte is monosporic. The consequenses of this observation are discussed from a genetics point of view.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050801
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microsatellite DNA in Actinidia chinensis: isolation, characterisation, and homology in related species (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 1269-1278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Simple sequence repeat (SSR) ; Microsatellites ; Molecular markers ; Genetics ; Kiwifruit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We have isolated and sequenced 263 microsatellite-containing clones from two small insert libraries of Actinidia chinensis enriched for (AC/GT) and (AG/CT) repeats, respectively. Primer pairs were designed for 203 microsatellite loci and successfully amplified from both plasmid and A. chinensis genomic DNA. In this paper we report the sequences of 40 primer pairs for which we have demonstrated Mendelian segregation in the progeny from controlled crosses. The polymorphism of ten microsatellites of each type was evaluated in four diploid and six tetraploid genotypes of A. chinensis. All microsatellites proved to be polymorphic, the number of alleles per locus detected in polyacrylamide sequencing gels ranging from 9 to 17. The high degree of polymorphism in Actinidia renders these markers useful either for mapping in A. chinensis or for fingerprinting cultivars of both domesticated kiwifruit species (A. chinensis and A. deliciosa). While most primer pairs produced single amplification products, about 20% generated banding patterns consistent with the amplification of two different loci. This supports the hypothesis that diploid species of Actinidia (2n=2x=58) are polyploid in origin with a basic chromosome number x=14/15 and that chromosome duplication may have occurred during the evolution of the genus. Finally, we have assayed the cross-species transportability of primer pairs designed from A. chinensis sequences and have found extensive cross-species amplification within the genus Actinidia; 75% of primer pairs gave successful amplification in the eight species assayed (A. arguta, A. rufa, A. polygama, A. chrysantha, A. callosa, A. hemsleyana, A. eriantha, and A. deliciosa), which are representative of the four sections into which the genus is currently split.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051019
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further characterization of picloram-tolerant mutants of Nicotiana tabacum (1980)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 57 (1980), S. 91-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Cell culture ; Picloram-tolerance ; Genetics ; Uptake studies ; Nicotiana tabacum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A genetic and preliminary biochemical analysis has been performed on four picloram-tolerant mutants of Nicotiana tabacum that were isolated from cell cultures. The four mutations define three distinct linkage groups. Mutant seedlings incorporate radioactively labeled picloram normally and do not modify or degrade the herbicide in a manner that alters its solubility characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00277772
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linkage of the hordein loci Hor1 and Hor2 with the powdery mildew resistance loci Ml-k and Ml-a on Barley chromosome 5 (1980)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 58 (1980), S. 27-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genetics ; Loci ; Powdery mildew ; Prolamin ; Recombination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The linkage relationship among the loci Hor1, Hor2, Ml-k and Ml-a on the short arm of chromosome 5 was studied by progeny testing the F2 generation of two crosses. The loci Hor1 and Hor2 code for polypeptides of the storage protein hordein (prolamin) and the loci Ml-k and Ml-a determine the resistance reaction with some powdery mildew fungi cultures. The order of the loci is Ml-k, Hor1, Ml-a, and Hor2, the first named being nearest the centromere. The recombination percentage between Hor1 and Hor2 was determined in the F1 and F2 generations in both crosses, the combined estimate being 7.4±0.9 per cent. The recombination percentage estimated between Ml-k and Hor1 was 4.0±1.3, between Hor1 and Ml-a, 5.3±1.1, and between Ml-a and Hor2, 6.1±1.2. The estimates involving the Ml- loci were all probably a little too high.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264664
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and genetical studies on the high-molecular-weight subunits of wheat glutenin (1981)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 60 (1981), S. 229-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Glutenin ; Triticum ; Genetics ; SDS ; Polyacrylamide-gel-electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The high-molecular-weight (HMW) subunits of glutenin from about 185 varieties were fractionated by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). About 20 different, major subunits were distinguished by this technique although each variety contained, with only a few exceptions, between 3 and 5 subunits. Further inter-varietal substitution lines to those already described (Payne et al. 1980) were analysed and the results indicate that all the HMW subunits are controlled by the homoeologous group 1 chromosomes. All hexaploid varieties studied except ‘NapHal’ contained two major subunits controlled by chromosome 1D. Their genes were shown to be tightly linked genetically for only four different types of banding patterns were observed. The nominal molecular weights determined after fractionation in 10% polyacrylamide gels were between 110,000 and 115,000 for the larger of the two subunits and between 82,000 and 84,000 for the smaller. One quarter of the varieties contained only one major HMW subunit controlled by chromosome 1B whereas the rest had two. The chromosome 1B subunits were the most varied and nine different banding patterns were detected. All the subunits had mobilities which were intermediate between those of the two chromosome 1D-controlled subunits. Only two types of HMW subunit controlled by chromosome 1A were detected in all the varieties examined; a single variety never contained both of these subunits and 40% of varieties contained neither. The chromosome 1A-controlled subunits had slightly slower mobilities in 10% gels than the largest HMW subunit controlled by chromosome 1D. About 100 single grains were analysed from each of five different crosses of the type (F1 of variety A × variety B) × variety C. The results indicate that the genes on chromosome 1B which control the synthesis of subunits 6, 7, 13, 14 and 17 are allelic, as are the genes of the chromosome 1A-controlled subunits, 1 and 2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02342544
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic studies of the basisdiomycete Agrocybe aegerita (1981)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 60 (1981), S. 265-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Agrocybe ; Genetics ; Fruiting ; Biomass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In the edible white rot fungus Agrocybe aegerita the threshold from mycelial growth to fruit body formation is under control of a single gene in both monokaryons and dikaryons. The allele su opens the pathway for fruiting and allows the subsequent expression of the fruiter genes fi+ (fruit body initials) and fb + (fruit bodies). Its allele, su +, suppresses monokaryotic fruiting completely and restricts dikaryotic fruiting drastically. The detection of this threshold gene su +/su and its action and interactions has practical implication in that an opportunity for concerted breeding is created. First results indicate that the fruiter genes are involved in two essential parameters of productivity. Both time of fruiting and biomass production depend on the two fruiter genes fi + and fb +. Comparable results obtained with two other basidiomycetes suggest that the genetic control of fruiting in Agrocybe aegerita is a general mechanism which may be made use of in breeding work with other basidiomycetes of economic value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263714
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic and environmental factors affecting the suitability of dogs as Guide Dogs for the Blind (1982)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 62 (1982), S. 97-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Guide dogs ; Behaviour ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Many dogs are found to be unsuitable for training as guide dogs for the blind. Consequently the Royal Guide Dogs for the Blind Association of Australia has embarked on a breeding program to produce a strain of labrador dogs which is suitable for guide dog training. The most common reasons for rejecting dogs are fearfulness, dog distraction, excitability, health and physical reasons and hip dysplasia. The selection program seems to have been successful in improving the success rate mainly by lowering fearfulness, but there has not been a continuing improvement. This is probably due to continual introduction of dogs from other populations into the breeding program. Males suffer from a higher rejection rate due to dog distraction and a lower rejection rate due to fearfulness and excitability than females, so that there is little sex difference in overall success rate. The heritability of success (0.44) is high enough to predict further progress from selection, again mainly against fearfulness. Variation in environment prior to 6 weeks of age, in age when dogs were placed into a private home and in age when males were castrated, had little effect on the success rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00293339
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the genetic improvement of androgenetic haploid formation in Hordeum vulgare L. (1982)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 62 (1982), S. 233-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; Haploids ; Androgenetic responsiveness ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Anthers of 55 different spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) hybrids and four varieties were cultured in vitro. Microspores of each hybrid gave rise to calluses and subsequently plantlets, from all hybrids, except one. As criteria of microspore responsiveness, callus formation and plant regeneration frequencies were studied in detail. Large differences with regard to these criteria were found, which were traced back to the genotype of the anther donor plant. Callus formation varied between 3.3 and 73.2 per 1,000 anthers plated, whereas green plant regeneration ranged from 0 to 12.7 per 1,000 anthers cultured. Comparisons of microspore regeneration frequencies of hybrids and their parents indicated that culture responsiveness is a heritable, complex character involving at least two different and separately inherited mechanisms: 1) the ability of microspores within anthers to divide and give rise to calluses and subsequently 2) the ability of calluses for morphogenesis, to yield green or albino plants. Because it is heritable, anther culture responsiveness can be transferred to breeding material which is initially non-responsive. This genetic way of improving success in androgenetic haploid production appears to be more realistic than the search for optimum culture conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276246
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of lectins in Triticum aestivum and Aegilops umbellulata by homoeologous group 1 chromosomes (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 67 (1983), S. 53-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Aegilops umbellulata ; Genetics ; Lectin ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Each of the three genomes in hexaploid wheat controls the expression of a specific lectin in the embryo. The chromosomes which control their synthesis were determined using nullisomic-tetrasomic and inter-varietal chromosome substitution lines of ‘Chinese Spring’. All three wheat lectins were shown to be controlled by the homoeologous group 1 chromosomes. Using ditelosomic lines of ‘Chinese Spring’ the lectin genes could be localized on the long arms of chromosomes 1A and 1D. Inter-specific addition and substitution lines of Aegilops umbellulata chromosomes to ‘Chinese Spring’ indicated that chromosome 1U, which is homoeologous to the group 1 chromosomes of wheat, controls lectin synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303922
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allelic relationships between genes for resistance to tomato spotted wilt tospovirus in Capsicum chinense (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 146-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Capsicum chinense ; Resistance gene ; Genetics ; Pepper ; Tomato spotted wilt virus ; Tospoviruses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) has been reported to be an important reservoir of resistance genes to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). The genes for TSWV resistance present in three C. chinense lines (‘PI 152225’, ‘PI 159236’ and ‘Panca’) were investigated for allelism. All resistant lines were crossed with each other. Parents, F1, backcrosses and F2 populations (including reciprocals) developed from those crosses were mechanically inoculated with a highly virulent TSWV isolate. Susceptible C. annuum cv ‘Magda’ was used to check inoculum virulence. Fifty plants of the F1 hybrids; ‘Magda’ x ‘PI 152225’, ‘Magda’ x ‘PI 159236’, and ‘Magda’ x 'Panca, were also inoculated with the TSWV isolate. The resistance response in all C. chinense sources was associated with a localized, hypersensitive-like reaction that was phenotypically expressed as a prompt formation of large local lesions accompanied by premature leaf abscission. All F1 generations presented a final score of resistant; indicating that the expression of resistance to TSWV is conditioned by a dominant gene regardless of the source. The absence of segregation for resistance to TSWV that was observed in all generations of the crosses between C. chinense lines indicated that either a tightly linked group of genes exists or that the resistance is governed by the same single major gene (probably the already described Tsw gene). Previous reports have indicated that the Tsw gene is not effective against tospovirus members of serogroup II, i.e. tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV) and groundnut ring spot virus (GRSV). In the assay described here, all of the C. chinense lines showed, after mechanical inoculation, an identical susceptibility response to the TCSV and GRSV isolates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221009
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of genomic regions affecting plant height in sorghum and maize (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 380-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genetics ; Breeding ; Sorghum bicolor Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this study was to use restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) to determine the genetic location and effects of genomic regions controlling plant height in sorghum. F2 plants (152) from the cross CK60 x PI229828 were used. Genomic and cDNA clones (106) identified 111 loci distributed among ten linkage groups covering 1299 cM. Interval mapping identified four regions, each in a separate linkage group. These regions may correspond to loci (dw) previously identified by alleles with qualitative effects. Also, these regions identified in sorghum may be orthologous to those previously reported for plant height in maize. Gene effects and gene action varied among genomic regions. In each region, PI229828 alleles resulted in increased plant height. Each region accounted for 9.2–28.7% of the phenotypic variation. Positive, additive effects ranged from 15 to 32cm. Tallness was dominant or overdominant and conferred by alleles from PI229828 for three quantitative trait loci (QTL). At the fourth QTL, PI229828 contributed to increased plant height, but short stature was partially dominant. One digenic interaction was significant. The presence of a PI229828 allele at one region diminished the effects of the other region. A multiple model indicated that these four regions collectively accounted for 63.4% of the total phenotypic variation. The utility of this information for germplasm conversion through backcross breeding is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221980
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of resistance to potato viruses Y and A in progeny obtained from potato cultivars containing gene Ry:evidence for a new gene for extreme resistance to PVA (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 710-716 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Extreme virus resistance ; Potyviruses ; Genetics ; Genes Ry and Ra ; New gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Extreme resistance in cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum) to potato viruses Y and A (PVY and PVA) conditioned by the presence of Ry genes introduced from Solanum stoloniferum was described by Cockerham (1970). Cockerham detailed a number of genes which controlled a variety of reactions, including extreme resistance to both viruses (i.e. little or no visible reaction of plants and no viral replication following graft and manual inoculation) controlled by gene Ry sto. In the present study, cvs ‘Pirola’ and ‘Barbara’, which contain a Ry gene, were found to have extreme resistance to PVY isolates from the ordinary (PVY°), veinal necrosis (PVYN) and potato tuber necrotic ringspot (PVYNTN) subgroups, and PVA. The inheritance of this phenotype was examined in seedling progenies obtained by crossing ‘Barbara’ and ‘Pirola’ with susceptible cultivars. Segregation data for resistance to PVY and PVA in a progeny involving cv ‘Pirola’ best fitted a genetical model of one gene controlling extreme resistance to both PVY and PVA, although the possibility that there are two genes, each controlling resistance to one virus but closely linked, cannot be excluded. Segregation data from progenies involving cv ‘Barbara’ best fitted a genetical model in which there are two independent genes, one controlling extreme resistance to PVA and PVY and a second gene controlling extreme resistance to PVA but not to PVY. This previously unrecognised gene conferring extreme resistance to PVA only, should be given the notation Ra in keeping with nomenclature used for other resistance genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224066
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of a unique plastid-localized heat-shock protein is genetically linked to acquired thermotolerance in wheat (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 834-841 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Stress proteins ; Heat tolerance ; Chloroplast ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We have used a combination of molecular and classical genetic approaches to delineate the relationship between a specific HSP member and cell viability under heat stress. Using recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of wheat, derived from a cross of the thermotolerant cultivar ‘Mustang’ and the thermosusceptible cultivar ‘Sturdy,’ we have identified a unique HSP and a differentially expressed cDNA sequence, both related to the plastid-localized HSP26 gene family, that are closely associated with acquired thermotolerance in wheat. An isoform of HSP26 was synthesized under heat stress in all examined thermotolerant RILs and ‘Mustang’, and was absent in all examined thermosusceptible RILs and ‘Sturdy.’ Using a modified differential-display method, we have also identified a gene-specific cDNA sequence that is similar to other known members of the wheat HSP26 gene family and is selectively expressed in ‘Mustang’ and most of the examined thermotolerant RILs, but not expressed in ‘Sturdy’ and all the thermosusceptible RILs. These results suggest a genetic linkage between the acquired thermotolerance trait and the differential expression of a unique member of the HSP26 gene family.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050633
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-incompatibility in passion fruit: evidence of two locus genetic control (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 564-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Passiflora ; Self-incompatibility ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The self-incompatibility in yellow passion fruit was previously described as homomorphic sporophytic with monofactorial inheritance. Five progenies were obtained by bud-selfing. The plants of these progenies were selfed, reciprocally crossed within each progeny and crossed with known incompatible phenotypes to identify their phenotypic group. Fruit set was evaluated at the 7th day after pollination. Two progenies consisted of two self-incompatible groups, the other three formed three suck groups. The groups were identified as S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6. The results provide evidence that the self-incompatibility of passion fruit is controlled by two loci, the S-gene and another, whose expression needs to be investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051105
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extreme resistance to potato virus V in clones of Solanum tuberosum that are also resistant to potato viruses Y and A: evidence for a locus conferring broad-spectrum potyvirus resistance (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 1258-1262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Extreme virus resistance ; Potyviruses ; Genetics ; Genes Rysto and Ra ; Broad-spectrum resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Extreme resistance to the potato V potyvirus (PVV) was found in four potato cultivars that contain Ry genes from Solanum stoloniferum. When plants of these cultivars, were inoculated by grafting in shoot tips from PVV-infected tomato plants, necrotic symptoms developed in some cultivars, although a full hypersensitive reaction was not elicited, while other cultivars were symptomless. PVV replication was not detected in any of the inoculated plants by ELISA, an infectivity assay of leaf extracts by manual inoculation to Nicotiana benthamiana indicator plants, or by ‘return grafting’ of shoot tips taken from newly developed shoots of the potato plants to virus-free indicator plants of tomato. These methods readily detected PVV infection in inoculated plants of cv ‘Flourball’, which does not contain an Ry gene and is susceptible, and in cvs ‘Maris Piper’ and ‘Dr Macintosh’, which contain gene Nv conditioning a hypersensitive reaction to inoculation. One of the Ry-containing cultivars, ‘Barbara’, has been previously shown to contain two genes that control extreme resistance, defined as no viral replication in intact plants, to the potyviruses potato viruses Y and A (PVY and PVA). These genes are: Ry sto , which conditions resistance to PVY and PVA, and gene Ra, which conditions resistance to PVA only. It was found that in genotypes from a progeny of the cross ‘Barbara’ (Ry sto /Ra)בFlourball’ (ry/ra), extreme resistance to PVV segregated with gene Ry sto . It is proposed that either gene Ry sto conditions broad-spectrum extreme resistance to the distinct potyviruses PVY, PVA, and PVV or that Ry sto represents a family of genetically closely linked genes each controlling resistance to a specific virus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050690
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental test of the efficiency of family selection in chickens (1980)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 56 (1980), S. 5-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genetics ; Poultry ; Family selection ; Individual selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Responses to single trait selection on individual phenotype and sire-family mean phenotype for survivor's egg weight and rate of lay were measured for a single generation in 13 replicates. Each replicate-selection criterion-trait subclass consisted of eight sire families or 72 females measured and was reproduced from the best 25% of the families or individuals. The realized heritability of egg weight was 0.39 and that of rate of lay was 0.31, both of which were significantly greater than zero but not significantly different from the predicted values based on halfsib correlations in the base population. The standardized response to sire-family selection was less than the response to individual selection for both traits and the difference was significant for rate of lay (0.10; 0.31) but not for egg weight (0.22; 0.39). The predicted responses to sire-family selection were less than those for individual selection for both traits, and the observed responses to sire-family selection were not significantly different from the predicted values for either trait. These experimental results do not disagree with the theoretical expectations of the relative efficiencies of individual and sire-family selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264420
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control by homoeologous group 1 chromosomes of the high-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin, a major protein of wheat endosperm (1980)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 58 (1980), S. 113-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Glutenin ; Triticum ; Genetics ; SDS-polyacrylamide ; Gel-electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The electrophoretic mobilities of the high-molecular-weight (HMW) subunits of glutenin from 7 varieties were compared by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). In total, 12 subunits were clearly resolved and they had nominal molecular weights of between 95,000 and 140,000. The chromosomes which control their synthesis were determined using monosomic lines and inter-varietal substitution lines. All subunits were shown to be controlled by the homoeologous group 1 chromosomes. Each variety contains between 3 and 5 HMW subunits; two are under the control of the 1D chromosome, 1 or 2 are controlled by chromosome 1B and 0 or 1 by chromosome 1A. The segregation of two 1D-controlled subunits of similar electrophoretic mobilities were analysed in the F2 progeny of crosses between ‘Chinese Spring’ and ‘Holdfast’. The results suggest that the genes which code for the two proteins are allelic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263101
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AC/GT and AG/CT microsatellite repeats in peach [Prunus persica (L) Batsch]: isolation, characterisation and cross-species amplification in Prunus (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Simple sequence repeat (SSR) ; Microsatellites ; Molecular markers ; Genetics ; Fingerprinting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We report the sequences of 17 primer pairs of microsatellite loci, which we have cloned and sequenced from two genomic libraries of peach [Prunus persica (L) Batsch] ‘Redhaven’, enriched for AC/GT and AG/CT repeats respectively. For ten of these microsatellite loci we were able to demonstrate Mendelian inheritance in a segregating back-cross population; the remainder did not segregate. The polymorphism of the microsatellites was evaluated in a panel of ten peach genotypes, including true-to-type peaches, nectarines and one canning-peach. Fifteen microsatellites (88%) were polymorphic showing 2–4 alleles each. The mean heterozygosity, averaged over all loci, was 0.32 and significantly higher than that reported in the literature for isozymes and molecular markers, such as RFLPs and RAPDs. We have also assayed the cross-species transportability and found that ten microsatellite (59%) gave apparently correct amplification in all Prunus species surveyed, namely P. domestica (European plum), P. salicina (Japanese plum), P. armeniaca (apricot), P. dulcis (almond), P. persica var. vulgaris (peach), P. persica var. laevis (nectarine), P. avium (sweet cherry) and P. cerasus (sour cherry), with three of them also being amplified in Malus (apple). The remaining microsatellites gave less-extensive amplification. Because of their appreciable polymorphism and wide cross-species transportability, most of these new markers can be integrated into the linkage maps which are currently being constructed in peach, as well as in other stone fruit crops, such as almond, apricot, cherry and plum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051209
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fruit tree genetics at a turning point: the almond example (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 588-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Fruit trees ; Genetics ; Almond ; Prunus amygdalus ; Breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The large size and the long generation time of fruit trees generally reduce the possibilities of obtaining genetic information on the transmission and heritability of useful agronomic traits in these species. However, from breeding work carried out with fruit trees, an important amount of data is now available, although large differences are apparent among the different species. There is not much information known about almond compared to what is available on other Prunus fruit species, but more data have been accumulated on it than on most of the other nut trees, thus making almond special among all the temperate fruit and nut species. Only five qualitative traits have been described in almond, with an additional two also possibly qualitative. Heritabilities have been estimated for an important number of quantitative traits, mainly phenological times and fruit characters. Important information is available on molecular markers, including enzymes, RFLPs, RAPDs and other recently developed markers. Linkages, however, have only been established among molecular markers, allowing accurate genetic maps to be built but not yet enabling agronomical characters to be located in these maps, probably because the latter have not been sufficiently studied. The effectiveness of the application of genetic maps in plant breeding will depend on the accuracy of the study of different agronomic traits and their expression, implying more field work and recognition of this work. Ultimately, any new fruit cultivar has to be grown in the field and has to allow the grower to make a profit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050777
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A stylar ribonuclease assay to detect self-compatible seedlings in almond progenies (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 800-810 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Almond ; Compatibility ; Genetics ; Prunus dulcis ; Ribonucleases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Six almond progenies, each the product of a cross between a self-compatible and a self-incompatible parent, were analysed for stylar ribonucleases. Proteins were extracted and separated using non-equilibrium pH gradient electrofocusing (NEPHGE), and the gels were stained for ribonuclease activity. Most seedlings showed either two principal bands, interpreted as corresponding to two incompatibility alleles, or a single band. The seedlings were also bagged in the field at flowering time to determine fruit set after selfing, and some were also examined for the growth of pollen-tubes in selfed styles using UV fluorescence microscopy. With very few exceptions, those seedlings showing single-banded zymograms were found to be self-compatible according to field and microscope studies, and those with two bands were found to be self-incompatible. We conclude that the allele for self-compatibility in almond does not code for ribonuclease activity and that the ribonuclease isoenzyme assay is a convenient technique for predicting self-compatibility in segregating progenies. A novel band in two derivatives of ’Ferrastar’ was ascribed to a new incompatibility allele, S 10 .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051299
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistance to Phytophthora fragariae var. fragariae in strawberry: the Rpf2 gene (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 1092-1096 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Fragaria×ananassa ; Genetics ; Inheritance ; Red core ; Red stele
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract   Phytophthora fragariae var. fragariae is the causal agent of red stele (red core) root rot in strawberry (Fragaria spp.). The inheritance of resistance to one isolate of this fungus was studied in 12 segregating populations of F.×ananassa derived from crosses between four resistant cultivars (‘Climax’, ‘Redgauntlet’, ‘Siletz’, and ‘Sparkle’) and three susceptible cultivars (‘Blakemore’, ‘Glasa’, and ‘Senga’ Sengana’). The analysis clearly supports the hypothesis of a single segregating dominant resistance gene. It is proposed that this gene be designated Rpf2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050520
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Division of labor between scouts and recruits: genetic influence and mechanisms (1998)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 43 (1998), S. 191-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Key words Honeybees ; Scouting ; Division of labor ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Every recruitment system in social insects requires some individuals that serve as scouts, foragers that search independently for food sources. It is not well understood which factors influence whether an individual becomes a scout or a recruit, nor how the division of labor between the two forager groups is regulated. It is shown here for honeybees (Apis mellifera), using two different molecular techniques, that there is a genetically based difference in the probability that individuals will scout independently for food. In contrast to earlier suggestions, experimental tests showed that the age of a bee does not seem to influence its probability of becoming a scout or a recruit. Furthermore, scout bees do not search opportunistically for either pollen or nectar but, rather, individuals have preferences that are genetically based. These findings are discussed in the framework of foraging regulation by specialization in honeybees and the adaptive significance of polyandry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650050480
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Division of labor in a dynamic environment: response by honeybees (Apis mellifera) to graded changes in colony pollen stores (1999)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 46 (1999), S. 171-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Key words Honeybee ; Apis mellifera ; Division of labor ; Genetics ; Pollen foraging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A fundamental requirement of task regulation in social groups is that it must allow colony flexibility. We tested assumptions of three task regulation models for how honeybee colonies respond to graded changes in need for a specific task, pollen foraging. We gradually changed colony pollen stores and measured behavioral and genotypic changes in the foraging population. Colonies did not respond in a graded manner, but in six of seven cases showed a stepwise change in foraging activity as pollen storage levels moved beyond a set point. Changes in colony performance resulted from changes in recruitment of new foragers to pollen collection, rather than from changes in individual foraging effort. Where we were able to track genotypic variation, increases in pollen foraging were accompanied by a corresponding increase in the genotypic diversity of pollen foragers. Our data support previous findings that genotypic variation plays an important role in task regulation. However, the stepwise change in colony behavior suggests that colony foraging flexibility is best explained by an integrated model incorporating genotypic variation in task choice, but in which colony response is amplified by social interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650050607
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Existe-t-il une hêtraie ‘Méditerranéenne’ distincte des autres forêts de hêtre en Europe occidentale? (1982)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 50 (1982), S. 23-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Beech ; Beechwoods ; Bioclimatology ; Fagus ; Genetics ; Mediterranean region ; Vegetation structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The study area is at the southern limit of the beech area, between the rivers Rhône in France and Ebro in Spain. From an analysis of the occurrence of beechwoods in this region and the pluviometric climate, it appears that part of the beechwood is found in a dry climate, which is still mediterranean. This argument seems sufficient to justify the existence of a ‘mediterranean’ beechwood, at least on a climatic level. Beechwood when occurring in a dry climate has special characteristics: - The development of the wood differs with the climate. Young beeches need shadow in a dry climate; they can grow in full light in a moist climate. - The floristic composition is different. - The understorey of dry woods is less structured than that of moist woods. - The genetic structure as measured in the enzymatic system Px1 is polymorphic in the dry and monomorphic in the moist conditions studied. It would be interesting to verify if the characters noted in a dry mediterranean climate are also present in dry atlantic or continental beechwoods. Since the mediterranean climate is drier and more unfavorable to beech than other climates, the particular characters of ‘dry’ beechwoods will be more pronounced near the Mediterranean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00120675
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic and Shared Environmental Influences on Adolescent BMI: Interactions with Race and Sex (1998)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 28 (1998), S. 265-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Genetics ; body mass index ; adolescents ; race ; sex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The present study uses a behavioral genetic design to investigate the genetic and environmental influences on variation in adolescent body mass index (BMI) and to determine whether the relative influences of genetic and environmental factors on variation in BMI are similar across racial groups and sexes. Data for the present study come from the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health (Add Health), a large, nationally representative study of adolescent health and health-related behaviors. The Add Health sample contains a subset of sibling pairs that differs in levels of genetic relatedness, making it well suited for behavioral genetics analyses. The present study examines whether genetic and environmental influences on adolescent BMI are the same for males and females and for Black and White adolescents. Results indicate that genetic factors contribute substantially to individual differences in adolescent BMI, explaining between 45 and 85% of the variance in BMI. Furthermore, based on an analysis of opposite-sex sibling pairs, the genes that influence variation in adolescent BMI are similar for males and females. However, the relative importance of genetic and environmental influences on variation in BMI differs for males and females and for Blacks and Whites. Although parameter estimates could be constrained to be equal for Black and White males, they could not be constrained to be equal for Black and White females. Moreover, the best-fitting model for Black females was an ADE model, for White females it was an ACE model, and for males it was an AE model. Thus, shared environmental influences are significant for White female adolescents, but not for Black females or males. Likewise, nonadditive genetic influences are indicated for Black females, but not for White females or males. Implications of these results are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021619329904
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Social grouping and genetic variation in common shiners, Notropis cornutus (Pisces, Cyprinidae) (1981)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 6 (1981), S. 357-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Behaviour ; Esterase ; Evolution ; Genetics ; Isozymes ; Stock structure ; Schools ; Starch gel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Heterogeneous gene frequencies of Est-1 across groups ofNotropis cornutus provide evidence of behaviourally imposed restrictions on stock structuring. Positive fixation indices (F1S = 0.056 and F1T = 0.085) were reflected by a deficiency of heterozygotes for pooled groups. The degree of subdivision ofN. cornutus stocks cannot be evaluated with the present evidence. but it is likely that their schooling behaviour is associated with significant genotypic structuring of the species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00005765
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The benefits of being gold: behavioral consequences of polychromatism in the midas cichlid,Cichlasoma citrinellum (1983)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 8 (1983), S. 235-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Amelanism ; Aggression ; Assessing mates ; Assortative mating ; Cheaters ; Chemical communication ; Coloration ; Context model ; Dominance ; Dummies ; Genetics ; Inhibition model ; Metamorphosis ; Nicaragua ; Parental care ; Polymorphism ; Sexual imprinting ; Visual communication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The midas cichlid,Cichlasoma citrinellum, occurs in the lakes of Nicaragua. In semi-turbid to turbid lakes about 8% of the adults are amelanic, having lost their melanophores at various ages, and are thus yellow through red and sometimes white. The commonest hues are yellow through orange, called gold. Gold morphs ought to be selected against because they are probably conspicuous to predators and they cannot communicate by changing markings. To maintain the polymorphism, gold coloration must have offsetting advantages. Gold morphs dominate normal ones of equal size, and that improves their access to limiting resources. Gold morphs, however, do not seem to be intrinsically more aggressive but rather attain dominance through the effect of their color on their opponents. This gold effect is affected by experience; it is enhanced by sharing the color of the dominant fish in a group, and by being rare. The midas cichlid mates assortatively but imperfectly. Choice of mate is influenced by color of self and of parents and can be constrained by size-color relationship.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00001089
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Industrial mycology and the new genetics (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 14 (1995), S. 355-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Transformation ; Fungi ; Yeast ; Genetics ; Biotechnology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The genetic investigation of fungi has been extended substantially by DNA-mediated transformation, providing a supplement to more conventional genetic approaches based upon sexual and parasexual processes. Initial transformation studies with the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae provided the model for transformation systems in other fungi with regard to methodology, vector construction and selection strategies. There are, however, certain differences betweenS. cerevisiae and filamentous fungi with regard to type of genomic insertion and the availability of shuttle vectors. Single-site linked insertions are common in yeast due to the high level of homology required for recombination between vectored and genomic sequences, whereas mycelial fungi often show a high frequency of heterologous and unlinked insertions, often in the form of random and multiple-site integrations. While extrachromosomally-maintained or replicative vectors are readily available for use with yeasts, such vectors have been difficult to construct for use with filamentous fungi. The development of vectors for replicative transformation with these fungi awaits further study. It is proposed that replicative vectors may be inherently less efficient for use with mycelial fungi relative to yeasts, since the mycelium, as an extended and semicontinuous network of cells, may delimit an adequate diffusion of the vector carrying the selectable gene, thus leading to a high frequency of abortive or unstable transformants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569951
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The possibilities of modeling neural networks in the framework of the thermodynamics of genetically disordered systems (glasses) (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of biological physics 24 (1998), S. 41-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0689
    Keywords: Neural networks ; Associative memory ; Brain functions ; Disordered systems ; Genetics ; Synergetics ; Self-organization ; Vitreous state
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Non-spin glasses possess a number of specific features which, in structural and dynamic aspects, are close to conditions necessary for neural networks to function. In a disordered network there exists a plurality of structural parameters and a number of two-level states defined by double-well potentials. Their characteristics are specified by the conditions of glass formation, i.e. by genesis. The thermodynamic description of glass as a self-organizing system (that does not require introducing an interacting potential model) leads to an unambiguous conclusion that its frequency spectrum is predetermined by the structure, which is characterized by zero-point entropy. Glass is a natural system of oscillators which form a disordered network. In this sense, glass conforms to a known model of a disordered neural network formed by interconnected oscillators. If one assumes that in living organisms the structure of a neural network (the brain) is inherited according to a genetic mechanism, the quickness of learning and recognition of patterns, the stability of associative memory and other capabilities have to be inherited genetically. The more ordered a neural network formed by distinguishable neurons, the better its capabilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005071706864
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Have fishes had their chips? The dilemma of threatened fishes (1995)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 43 (1995), S. 1-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Conservation ; Extinction ; Rarity ; Biodiversity ; Breeding guilds ; Endemism ; Speciation ; Habitat degradation ; Environmental management ; Invasive fishes ; Genetics ; Ecology ; Stenotopy ; Captive propagation ; Legislation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The conservation status and factors threatening fishes worldwide are reviewed in order to introduce a series of one-page articles on ‘Threatened fishes of the world’, and to encourage the incorporation of information on threatened fishes into international conservation programmes. Information on fish extinction and threat rates are compared with those of other animal groups, and the unique characteristics of fish conservation problems are highlighted. At present 979 species of fishes are listed as threatened in the IUCN Red List and at least 36 species and three subspecies are listed as recently extinct. It is argued that these figures are probably gross underestimates and that they may mislead conservation authorities and resource users about the seriousness of the situation. Freshwater fishes may be the most threatened group of vertebrates after the Amphibia. Urgent action is required to save many narrowly endemic, stenotopic species from extinction, especially in Africa, Asia and South America. The conservation of common species that drive essential ecological processes is also important. Anthropogenic pressures, especially habitat degradation, the introduction of invasive species and pollution, on inland and coastal waters are particularly severe and many major fish communities are threatened with elimination throughout the world. The conservation of marine fishes is complicated by the fact that it is difficult to ascertain their rarity. The importance of the retention of genetic variation is highlighted, and both orthodox and innovative conservation measures are encouraged. Further research on minimum viable populations, genetics, and the factors that cause fishes to become vulnerable to extinction, is urgently required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00001812
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene and genome scanning by two-dimensional DNA typing (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 16 (1995), S. 186-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Genetics ; Two-dimensional electrophoresis ; Denaturing gradient electrophoresis ; Cystic fibrosis ; Mutation ; Breast cancer ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A major effort in the analysis of DNA currently focuses on identifying genes and their pathological variants underlying disease. Once such disease genes have been isolated a major task of molecular medicine is to identify the spectrum of DNA sequence variations responsible for the aberrant function of such genes. These efforts, however, are hindered by the vast amount of genetic information to scan for variations and the limited capacity of analytical techniques in terms of accuracy and speed. Recently, a number of techniques were developed, so-called “genome scanning” techniques, which allow complete genomes to be analyzed for sequence variation in parallel, i.e., at multiple sites or loci simultaneously rather than serially at predefined loci. Here we present the background and applications of a particular electrophoretic parallel processing approach, generically termed two-dimensional DNA typing. The approach is based on separating DNA fragments by two-dimensional electrophoresis [1], including denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, thus allowing hundreds of fragments to be simultaneously assessed by comparative analysis for variations in size and sequence. The method is suitable for hybridization analysis with locus-specific and multilocus probes of genomic DNA restriction fragments derived from human and other DNA, and for analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fragments derived from large genes. Two-dimensional DNA typing has been applied, e.g., in linkage analysis of pedigrees, analysis of tumor genomes for rearrangements, and to scan the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene for sequence variations such as point mutations.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150160133
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1981)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 2 (1981) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020020101
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of mating type differentiation in Paramecium tetraurelia. III. A mutation restricted to mating type E and affecting the determination of mating type (1981)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 2 (1981), S. 13-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: nuclear differentiation ; cytoplasmic inheritance ; Paramecium tetraurelia ; mating type ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In P. tetraurelia each cell is determined to express only one of the two complementary mating types, O and E. This determination is under cytoplasmic control and seems to be achieved only by the commitment or noncommitment to the expression of mating type E. All the previously known mutations affecting the differentiation of mating type prevent the expression of the E mating type (O-restricted mutations) without affecting the determination process. An E-restricted mutation was obtained: mtFE. Its phenotypic properties indicate that the mutation affects the determination process itself. When an O cell becomes mtFE/mtFE it acquires the E mating type and an E-determining cytoplasm. We propose that this constitutive determination for the E mating type is due to the inefficiency of a factor which is normally active in an O cell. This factor would act like a repressor and stabilize the E functions under an inactive state.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020020103
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental controls of morphological mutants of Phaseolus vulgaris L.: Differential expression of mutant loci in plant organs (1981)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 2 (1981), S. 279-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: temperature-sensitive mutant ; cytokinin ; hormonal metabolism ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Developmental controls of morphological mutants of Phaseolus vulgaris L. conditioned by two independent loci, DL1 and DL2, were examined through grafting experiments and hydroponic studies. Phenotypes of mutant classes were duplicated by unions of scions and stocks derived from different genotypes. Results indicate that DL1 and DL2 regulate a root and shoot factor respectively, contributing to the mutant types. The allelic dosages of DL1 in the root and DL2 in the shoot rather than the genotype of the whole plant per se determine the severity of the mutant expression. Plants heterozygous for both loci with a temperature-sensitive expression of the mutant phenotype were used to determine physiological components involved. The primary abnormal developmental event associated with the appearance of mutant phenotypes, the restricted root growth at high temperature, could be overcome by the addition of cytokinin in hydroponic solution. These observations suggest that DL1 and DL2 may be related to the regulation of hormonal function or metabolism.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020020306
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1981)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 2 (1981) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020020401
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endogenous formation of prostanoids and the levels of long-chain fatty acyl CoA derivatives in suspensive and adhesive cells from in vitro embryoid bodies of teratoma OTT 6050 (1981)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 2 (1981), S. 337-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: suspensive and adhesive teratoma cells ; teratoma embryoid bodies ; cell differentiation ; endogenous prostanoid biosynthesis ; long-chain fatty acyl CoA derivatives ; mass fragmentography ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Attachment of the cell surface to a substratum may play a critical role in initiating some cellular developmental commitments and in sustaining differentiation of cells that have already been specialized. Embryoid bodies of teratoma OTT6050 were divided, on day 10 of initial culture, into myogenic adhesive cells which were already (at day 6) characterized by endogenous prostaglandin (PG)I2 formation and little-specialized suspensive cells which formed only thromboxane (TX)B2 in the same culture system. Since at day 10 both cell types reached a stationary phase in which the nature of each cell was mature enough for the analyses with mass fragmentographic technique and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GCMS), the total levels of predominant long-chain fatty acyl CoA (acyl CoA) derivatives could be measured comparatively as methyl esters after methanolysis. It was found as a result of major differentiation that adhesive cells had a rather low ratio of arachidonyl CoA to stearyl CoA, although adhesive cells accumulated a larger total amount of acyl CoA derivatives than that accumulated in suspensive cells.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020020403
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition by CIPC of mitosis and development in Dictyostelium discoideum and the isolation of CIPC-resistant mutants (1981)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 2 (1981), S. 99-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: CIPC as a mitotic inhibitor of Dictyostelium ; inhibition of Dictyostelium development by CIPC ; CIPC-resistant mutants ; Dictyostelium ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The anti-mitotic herbicide isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC) prevents the growth of amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum without killing the cells for a period of time equivalent to one generation. During in-hibition, amoebae accumulate in prophase and metaphase of mitosis. After removal of CIPC, they continue through mitosis and then divide.The addition of CIPC to amoebae under starvation conditions prevents aggregation and concomitant cell elongation. The cells, however, do not lose their ability to adhere to a surface, and they remain viable. When CIPC is added to amoebae which have formed streams, it leads to the disintegration of streams into small clusters of cells and to a loss of cell elongation.Post-aggregation stages of development can be inhibited by CIPC at the mound, slug, or Mexican hat stages. Slugs break apart into distinct aggregates.Mutants resistant to CIPC can be obtained easily. Among these mutants, many become temperature sensititive for growth (27°C) or development (27°C or 15.5°C). Others show various abnormalities at the normal temperature (22°C). Most mutants are cross resistant to the microtubule inhibitors nocodazole and thiabendazole, and some are also resistant to CIPC during development.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020020109
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An X chromosome locus in Drosophila melanogaster that enhances survival of the triplo-lethal genotype, Dp-(Tpl) (1981)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 2 (1981), S. 147-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: triplo-lethal locus ; Tpl ; gene-dosage ; X chromosome ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Only a single locus (Tpl) is known in the Drosophila melanogaster genome that leads to early lethality when present as a heterozygous duplication (three doses) or deficiency (one dose). We report the recovery of third instar larvae (and of occasional adults) carrying a duplication for the triplo-lethal locus, Dp(Tpl). Karyotype analysis of the larvae showed that the individuals surviving were almost entirely 3X;2A metafemales. We examined the question of whether the entire X or a single X locus was a major factor permitting survival. X-Y translocations were used to produce females hyperploid for different portions of the X and carrying Dp(Tpl). Analysis of metaphase chromosomes by quinacrine fluorescence pattern indicates that the X chromosome region between 6D and 7DE must be present in an extra copy to enhance the survival of Tpl duplication-bearing females. Another type of experiment suggests that it is the region between 7C and 7DE which is essential.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020020202
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unlinked structural genes for the developmentally regulated isozymes of sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in mice (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ; isozymes ; mice ; genetics ; development ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Genetic variants that affect the heat stability and ionic charge of the adult isozyme of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.8) map to a gene, Gdc-1, located on chromosome 15. A second isozyme of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, structurally homologous to the product of the Gdc-1 locus and expressed predominantly in undifferentiated tissues, has previously been identified. We have now discovered an electrophoretic variant of this embryonic isozyme. This expression is determined by a codominant allele of the gene, Gdc-2, that maps to the distal end of chromosome 9 as inferred from the observed gene order Mpi-1-d-Mod-1-Gdc-2.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030102
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcement (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 273-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030309
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptation of Drosophila to temperature: Heat-shock proteins and survival in Drosophila melanogaster (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 299-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: survival ; selection ; heat-shock proteins ; Drosophila melanogaster ; temperature compensation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Two stocks of Drosophila melanogaster, one sensitive (6.5% survival) and one resistant (76.24%) to heat shock (40°C/25 min) were derived through indirect selection [1]. Genetic analysis of heat-sensitive and heat-resistant lines we had selected revealed that the survival rate is chiefly determined by cytoplasmic inheritance but also depends to some extent on the nucleus [1]. The ability of the fly to survive thermal stress was found to have an excellent correlation with the kinetics of protein synthesis in ovaries or glands subjected to heat treatment. The incorporation rate of 35S-methionine into proteins was found to be higher for strains exhibiting higher survival (R1, R1S1) than for strains with a lesser ability (S1, S1 R1) to survive heat shock. Moreover, the intensity of labeling of the proteins synthesized and especially of the hsps (heat-shock proteins) after the heat shock is higher in the R1 and R1S1 stocks than in the S1 and S1R1 stocks. This convergence between survival and the cellular level of hsps (both manipulated by selection) bears on the physiological significance of these proteins which seems to participate in the control of the survival as an additive component.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030404
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcement (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 371-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030409
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lethal nonagouti (ax): Description of a second embryonic lethal at the agouti locus (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 21-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: agouti locus ; embryonic lethal ; ax ; lethal nonagouti ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The time and mode of action of the homozygous ax gene, lethal nonagouti, has been investigated on the inbred AX/Pa background. Heterozygotes were mated inter se to produce 25% homozygous embryos and heterozygotes were mated with homozygous, nonagouti mice to provide control litters. Comparisons of the frequency of mating success, the ratio of implantation sites to ovarian ovulation sites, and the average litter sizes between experimental and control matings all indicated that ax/ax embryos are not lost prior to implantation. Histological examination of pregnant uteri indicated that ax/ax embryos are first evident as abnormal blastocysts at 4.5 days post coitum (pc). These implant and develop to varying degrees, some differentiating trophoblast giant cells and a primitive endoderm layer. Growth is retarded and only small, disorganized clumps of tissue remain by 7.5 and 8.5 days pc. The time and mode of gene action of lethal nonagouti is thus different from its allele, lethal Yellow.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040103
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of cell adhesion (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 61-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: cell adhesion ; macromolecular ; sponge factors ; Dictyostelium ; adhesion-blocking antiserum ; staggerer mutant ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Cellular adhesion is what keeps cells together in multicellular organisms. Cells adhere to each other, to extracellular matrices, and to the substratum. Biochemical analyses of these processes have suggested some of the types of surface molecules which may be involved, but definitive evidence must rely on effective reconstruction of functional membranes or genetic alteration of the pertinent genes. Together these approaches may give us a better understanding of how cells sort out and form tissues during development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040202
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Murine adult hematopoietic cells produce adult erythrocytes in fetal recipients (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 197-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: mouse fetal erythrocyte antigen ; erythropoiesis ; differentiation ; gene switching ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Bone marrow cells from normal adult mice were introduced by microinjection via the placenta into W/Wv genetically anemic fetuses of 11 days' gestation. After birth, erythrocytes were fractionated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting on the basis of antibody binding to a fetal-specific antigen (Ft). Lysates of Ft-positive, i.e., fetal, erythrocytes did not detectably contain hemoglobin of the donor type, as judged from electrophoresis of strain-specific hemoglobin variants. Thus, adult hematopoietic bone marrow cells did not resume fetal differentiation despite their post-transplant maturation in a fetal environment.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030303
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Drosophila salivary gland proteins and pupation (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 255-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: salivary glands ; pupation stage ; protein synthesis and transport ; prepupal development ; developmentally regulated proteins ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Pulse-labeling experiments of salivary glands from the prepupal stages of development showed selectively high rates of synthesis of a set of low molecular weight proteins (6K-12K). These proteins are stably maintained in the salivary glands during prepupal development and are subsequently transported to the pupation fluid (found between the pupal case and the prepupal cuticle) when pupation occurs. These small polypeptides are very basic with the major components having isoelectric points of 8.6-8.7 and the minor components having isoelectric points of 9.1-9.5. This study shows the continuing function of the salivary glands - specifically, the synthesis and secretion of a set of proteins with a putative role in pupation.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030308
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Molecular approach to chromosome organization (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 333-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; chromosome ; polyteny ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A 315 kb walk in the genetically well characterized rosy region of the Drosophila chromosomes permits a molecular analysis of chromosome organization. Polytene chromosome bands in this region range from less than 7 kb to about 160 kb and the level of DNA replication is constant within bands and among bands and interbands. A good numerical and topographical correspondence is found between chromomeric units and genetic units.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040409
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complex brain and behavioral functions disrupted by mutations in Drosophila (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 355-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: courtship ; learning ; biological rhythms ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Reproductive behavior in Drosophila involves a complex series of actions which is perturbed by many different kinds of mutations. Some of the most interesting courtship variants are those originally isolated with respect to disruptions of general learning and memory. Several types of genetically abnormal males have their “conditioned courtship” blocked or attenuated by the learning and memory mutations, some of which, in turn, are known to cause abnormal levels of specific monoamines or cyclic nucleotides. Recent studies of the defective courtship performed by the conditioning mutants involve “mosaic focusing” of the neural tissues affected by the behavioral/biochemical mutations. These experiments address the question of whether there are localized influences of the relevant genetic loci in their control of conditioned courtship, in spite of the fact that the protein products of the genes have a broad tissue distribution. Female responses to courting Drosophila males can also be dependent on the former's prior experiences. This pertains to enhancing aftereffects of prestimulation by the courtship song that is produced by a male; and the same learning and memory mutations, expressed in females, impinge on the normal aftereffects. One element of acoustical communication in courtship is a rhythmic oscillation in a particular component of the song. This short-term behavioral rhythm is altered in males expressing circadian rhythm mutations. To investigate the neural and cellular mechanisms by which these genes act, a mosaic analysis has been initiated on the ganglia affected by a clock mutation in its disruption of the courtship rhythm and of circadian cycles. A molecular isolation and identification of the normal form of this genecalled period - has also begun, in order to probe the locus's structure and function in detail. Such an investigation will include a comparison of the mosaic results with a direct determination of the various tissues in which the gene's product is expressed. In addition, interspecific transfers of the purified period gene will augment the current studies of species-specific features of the rhythmic courtship songs.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040411
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Opportunities for natural selection on DNA and protein at the Adh locus in Drosophila melanogaster (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 425-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: polymorphism ; enzyme ; control gene ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A study was made of environmental and genetic factors affecting the quantity and disposition of the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) protein in Drosophila melanogaster. It was found that the amount of enzyme per fly is greatly influenced by the environmental conditions in which it develops. A critical factor is the concentration of yeast in the medium. A high concentration of yeast can double the quantity of ADH. The yeast appears to act through the provision of protein, and the protein to act through the provision of threonine, which is already known to induce ADH in fungi.Various genetic factors affect the quantity of enzyme. Males have more ADH than females. Files homozygous for the Fast allele have more ADH than those homozygous for the slow allele, and the difference is greater in females than in males. One particular line (ve), homozygous for Slow, has approximately half the normal quantity of enzyme, and the quantity segregates with the electrophoretic allele. Lines differ in the relative amounts of ADH in the gut (including Malpighian tubules) and the fat body. In general it seems that slow lines have relatively more enzyme in the fat body. In a cross between ve and a line homozygous to Fast, the difference in tissue distribution segregated with the electrophoretic allele. It is argued, but not demonstrated, that the differences in quantity and tissue distribution are due to nucleotide substitutions in noncoding regions close to, or within, the structural gene.It seems likely that the observed environmental and genetic differences in the quantity and disposition of ADH will influence the relative selective values of the electrophoretic genotypes.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040415
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural selection for the control of alcohol dehydrogenase activity in populations of Drosophila melanogaster (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 407-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: selection ; enzyme ; control-gene ; DNA polymorphism ; Drosophila ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The control of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster is chromosomally diverse and due to variation in allotype, enzyme level, and possibly post-translational modification. A comparative study of evolution in Adh structural gene variations with those loci modifying ADH expression has been carried out in large model populations maintained in environments that varied in temperature and food. Broadly based measures of gene expression were obtained as ADH activity and ADH protein level (determined immunologically) from individual flies whose allotype was also determined. The response to selection by “regulatory” or modifier loci compared with ADH allotypes was found to vary with environment, and its direction was not necessarily predictable from the kinetic properties of allele products. Selection for dominance modification of ADH activity in relation to Adh allotype was also observed. Analysis of genotype-environment interaction discerned two main types of response. Two major classes of chromosomal types, identified from restriction endonuclease map variations in a 12-kb region of DNA containing the Adh transcriptional unit, were present in the population. These two types of chromosome were in turn associated with the two types of interaction between genotypes and the environment. The results implicate polylmorphism for the control of genotypeenvironment interaction in populations, a genetically complex unit of selection, and a degree of evolutionary independence between structural and regulatory genes.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040414
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of structural and regulatory genes in the development of maize endosperm (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 5 (1984), S. 1-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: maize ; endosperm ; mutants ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020050102
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040401
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Third International Conference on Neurotoxicology of Selected Chemicals September 9-12, 7984, Chicago pyrethroids and neuroactive pesticides (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 229-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040308
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo radiolabeling and turnover of sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in Drosophila melanogaster: Gene dosage effects (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 129-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase ; turnover ; Drosophila ; gene dosage ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In vivo radiolabeling of Drosophila melanogaster sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.1.1.8; GPDH) has been accomplished by microinjection of 3H-leucine into anesthetized flies. Comigration of immunoprecipitated radiolabeled GPDH with purified 14C-labeled GPDH-1 in SDS polyacrylamide disc gels has established the monospecificity of our immunoprecipitation technique. Short-term uptake experiments have demonstrated that maximum radiolabel incorporation of total TCA precipitable protein and immunoprecipitable GPDH-1 occurs within 4 hours postinjection, with GPDH-1 accounting for approximately 1% of the total radiolabeled TCA precipitable protein. In order to develop the parameters for turnover studies of GPDH in Drosophila, a comparative analysis of the rates of synthesis and degradation of GPDH-1 in flies bearing two and three doses of the structural gene have been conducted by the construction of adult flies aneuploid and euploid for the cytogenetic region 25F-26B on the left arm of chromosome II. Short-term uptake studies have demonstrated that the rate of GPDH-1 synthesis in the three-dose flies is approximately 1.58 times that found in the two-dose euploid flies. This value is in close agreement with data obtained for steady-state levels of CRM by rocket immunoelectrophoresis. In contrast, longterm pulse-chase experiments have revealed that rates of GPDH-1 degradation in these aneumploid and euploid flies appear to be identical. These data suggest that the rate of GPDH-1 synthesis in Drosophila is primarily regulated by a tightly linked cis-acting element which appears to act autonomously with respect to gene copy number as well as steady-state GPDH protein levels.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030205
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The late-replicating X chromosome in digynous mouse triploid embryos (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 165-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: X-chromosome inactivation ; digynous triploidy ; mouse ; post-implantation embryo ; late replication ; Cattanach's translocation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Using BrdU-labeling and acridine orange staining, the behavior of X-chromosome replication was studied in 28 XXX and 19 XXY digynous mouse triploids. In some of these the paternal and maternal X chromosome could by cytologically distinguished. Such embryos were obtained by mating chromosomally normal females with males carrying Cattanach's X chromosome which contains an autosomal insertion that substantially increases the length of this chromosome. In the XXX triploids there were two distinct cell lines, one with two late-replicating X chromosomes, and the other with only one late-replicating X. The XXY triploids were also composed of two cell populations, one with a single late-replicating X and the other with no late replicating X chromosome. Assuming that the late-replicating X is genetically inactive, in both XXX and XXY triploids, cells from the embryonic region tended to have only one active X chromosome, whereas those from the extra-embryonic membranes tended to have two active X chromosomes. The single active X chromosome was either paternal or maternal in origin, but two active X chromosomes were overwhelmingly maternal in origin, suggesting paternal X-inactivation in extra-embryonic tissues.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030208
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lethal bithorax complex mutations of Drosophila melanogaster show no germ line maternal effects (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 207-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: germ line clones ; bithorax lethals ; dominant female sterile mutation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Three Ultrabithorax (Ubx) alleles and three different deficiencies of the bithorax complex (BX-C) of Drosophila melanogaster have been tested for maternal effects in the germ line. The dominant female sterile technique was used. The Ubx alleles and a deletion of the abdominal region of the BX-C are homozygous viable in germ line clones and show no maternal effects. Two deletions which lack the proximal portion of the BX-C are lethal in the female germ line indicating either that these deficiencies lack genes apart from the BX-C that are necessary for fertility or that there are BX-C genes that are essential for normal maternal germ line function. The significance of the bias in the isolation of only zygotic mutations at the BX-C are discussed with respect to these results.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030304
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chitin biosynthesis during pupal development of Drosophila melanogaster and the effect of the lethalcryptocephal mutation (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 235-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; chitin biosynthesis ; lethalcryptocephal mutation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Estimation of chitin deposition in the pupal and adult cuticles of adult Drosophila melanogaster during the pupal period is described. The timing of the periods of chitin deposition is compared with that deduced by previous workers using electron microscopy. The hypothesis that lethalcryptocephal mutant homozygotes are unable to evert their cephalic complexes at pupation because of excess chitin deposition is examined. The data obtained show no evidence that the mutation has any effect on chitin deposition.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030306
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030401
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of cAMP unresponsive (frigid) aggregation-deficient mutants of Dictyostelium discoideum (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 283-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Dictyostelium discoideum ; cAMP-unresponsive mutants ; parasexual genetic analysis ; cell differentiation ; chemotaxis to folate and cAMP ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: To find mutants of Dictyostelium discoideum that are unable to respond to exogenous cAMP signals (frigid mutants), amoebae of 218 independent aggregation-deficient mutants were treated in suspension with artificial pulses of cAMP and screened for the capacity to form EDTA-resistant cohesion sites. Eleven frigid mutants were identified and further characterized. Using parasexual genetic techniques, these strains were assigned to five complementation groups (fgdA-E) and the fgd loci were mapped in three linkage groups: fgdA and D in group II, fgdC in group III, and fgdB and E in group VII. Biochemical and physiological experiments with these strains indicated that fgd mutants are of two general types. When starved, strains in groups fgdB, D, and E failed to produce detectable levels of membrane-associated cAMP phosphodiesterase, surface cAMP receptors, or extracellular phosphodiesterase inhibitor, and the cells continued to respond chemotactically to folate. Thus, these strains are probably arrested in the vegetative phase or very early in development. In contrast, strains in groups fgdA and C produced low levels of cAMP receptors and secreted phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Moreover, after starvation, some of these mutants elicited a weak chemotactic response to cAMP. Therefore, unlike the former group of mutants, these strains appear to initiate development when starved, but the process is blocked at an early stage.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030403
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reviewers for volume 3 (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 365-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030408
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic mice: A new and powerful experimental tool in mammalian developmental genetics (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 1-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: gene transfer ; mouse embryos ; genetic engineering ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040102
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental and tissue-specific control of catalase expression in Drosophila melanogaster: Correlations with rates of enzyme synthesis and degradation (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 49-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: catalase ; Drosophila ; development ; turnover ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The ontogenetic and tissue-specific expression of catalase (E.C. 1.11.1.6) has been determined in a wild type strain of Drosophila melanogaster derived from a natural population. Two distinct peaks of activity are observed during development with the first peak occurring in late third instar larvae just prior to puparium formation, and the second and larger of the two peaks occurring during metamorphosis. These peaks of catalase activity are coincident with the two major peaks of ecdysone titer. Of the tissues assayed, larval malpighian tubules, gut, and fat body demonstrated the highest specific activities. Adult abdomen exhibited a two- to three-fold higher specific activity than either head or thorax. Of the abdominal tissues assayed, malpighian tubules and abdominal wall had the highest specific activities. Malpighian tubules were the only sexually dimorphic tissue with respect to catalase activity and are apparently largely responsible for an overall increase observed in female abdominal activity. Catalase-specific CRM levels parallel the enzyme activity levels indicating that these tissue-specific activity differences reflect differences in the rate of accumulation of catalase molecules.Turnover studies employing the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole were conducted on head, thorax, and abdomen of male adult flies. Rates of catalase degradation were similar in the three body segments with a slightly higher rate in abdominal tissue. Therefore the different steady state levels observed largely reflect different rates of catalase synthesis.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040105
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular genetics position (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 143-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040208
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040301
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Homoeosis in Drosophila: Maternal effect of the enhancer of Polycomb locus and its interaction with Polycomb and related loci (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 185-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: maternal effects ; Polycomb locus ; Drosophila ; homoeosis ; Enhancer of Polycomb ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A mutation or deficiency of the Enhancer of Polycomb (E(Pc)) locus acts as a dominant enhancer of the adult mutant phenotypes of a group of similar homoeotic loci (Polycomb, Polycomblike, extra sex comb, and lethal(4)29). The E(Pc) mutation has a recessive lethal effect, and homo- and hemizygotes die as late embryos or larvae which appear cuticularly normal. E(Pc) also acts as a dominant enhancer of the embryonic homoeotic syndromes associated with Polycomb. Polycomblike, and lethal(4)29 mutations: its effect on the extra sex comb syndrome has not been effectively evaluated. At least for the interaction with Polycomb mutations, evidence is presented that the Enhancer of Polycomb locus has a maternal as well as a zygotic effect, and that its effect on Polycomb expression is not at the level of transcription. We suggest that the Enhancer of Polycomb locus acts specifically to regulate the activities of this set of homoeotic loci, and that E(Pc) recessive lethality results from noncuticular homoeotic defects which arise as a consequence of their reduced activity. In the context of this hypothesis, no present data allow us to distinguish whether Enhancer of Polycomb is a nonhomoeotic locus regulating the function(s) of Polycomb and related genes or is itself a homoeotic locus.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040305
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic control of cell interactions in chimerasBased on a lecture delivered in September 1983, at the Interntional Conference in Biochemical and Developmental Genetics, Kos, Greece. (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 267-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: chimera ; cell interactions ; sex reversed ; sex determination ; melanocyte ; intersex ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The manufacture of mammalian chimeras by aggregating embryos of different genetic constitutions makes possible the study of the genetic control of cellular interactions during embryonic development. Several different chimeric combinations have been made to study the role of the sex-reversed mutation in gonadogenesis and in gametogenesis. Sex reversed directs the gonad to become a testis and thus renders a SxrXX mouse sterile since gonocytes with two X chromosomes cannot complete gametogenesis in a testis. However, SxrXX gonocytes in the ovary of a female chimera become normal oocytes. The competitive interactions of genetically different melanoblasts in populating hair follicles and of primordial germ cells in populating the gonad have been revealed in chimeras. Chimeras have also been used to rescue inviable teraploid embryos and to permit teteraploid cells to display their differentiative capacities in normal tissue environments. We conclude that the genotype affects the capacity of cells to elaborate and to respond to inductive stimuli at each step in differentiation. The fine tuning of cellular interactions becomes apparent in chimeras made from embryos of different genotype.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040405
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the evolutionary relationships of Drosophila melanogasterBased on a lecture delivered in September 1983, at the International Conference in Biochemical and Developmental Genetics, Kos, Greece. (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 295-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: alcohol dehydrogenase ; Drosophila ; evolution ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The gene coding for alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) in Drosophila melanogaster maps to 2:50.1 on chromosome arm 2L. It is expressed in both larvae and adults, coding for an abundant enzyme that plays a role in the detoxification of primary and secondary alcohols. In larvae the gene is most abundantly expressed in the fat body and gut. We have recently shown [49] that the major Adh transcripts differ in larvae and adults, the major adult transcript being initiated from a promotor several hundred pairs 5′ to the promotor from which the major larval transcript is initiated. However the coding region of the “larval and adult” mRNA are identical. We discuss recent studies of the transcriptional organization Adh and compare the structure of this gene in D. melanogaster with that in other species of Drosophila. The entire Adh gene and its surrounds has been sequenced from four species of Drosophila [45,48]. This data has been used not only for the study of phylogenetic relationships, but also of the types of sequence variation seen between species. The constraints on mutational change, especially with respect to codons, will be discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040407
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parallels of genomic organization and of endogenous retrovirus organization in cat and manBased on a lecture delivered in September 1983, at the internaitonal confrence in biochemical and developmental genetics, kos, greece. (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 341-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: retrovius ; chromosomal evolution ; feline genetics ; somatic cell genetics ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A combination of technical advances (most notably heterologous cell fusion, high resolution G-banding, and molecular cloning) has contributed to an accelerated advance in genetic analysis in mammals. The present human genetic map contains over 400 gene assignments and the map is growing rapidly as each new molecular clone or immunological reagent is developed. In our laboratory, we have developed a panel of rodent X human somatic cell hybrids that have been utilized in chromosome assignment of several classes of genes including oncogenes (ras, raf) and endogenous human retroviral sequences (ERVL, 2, etc). Using similar techniques, a biochemical genetic map of the domestic cat has been derived. The cat has 19 chromosome pairs and, to date, 40 genes have been mapped to 16 linkage or syntenic groups. Comparison of linkage relationships between homologous enzymes has revealed a striking conversation of chromosomal linkage association between cat and man. A comparison of syntenically homologous, highly extended high resoultion G-banded chromosomes between the two mammalian families revealed that 20-25%, by length, of the human karyotype can be precisely aligned (chromomere to chromomere) between cats and man despite the evolutionary divergence of the species nearly 80 million years ago.Moderately repetitive families of retrovirus-related DNAs exist within the feline and the human genomes. We have isolated molecular clones of several members of the feline RD-114 retrovirus family from a genomic library of normal cat cellular DNA. The endogenous sequences analyzed were similar to each other in that they were colinear with RD-114 proviral DNA, were bounded by long terminal redundancies, and conserved many restriction sites in the gag and pol regions. Several sequences were apparently deleted, relative to the previously characterized inducible RD-114 genome. The env regions of a number of endogenous RD-114 sequences examined were substantially deleted or diverged; a subset of these sequences contained information at the position of the env region that was not homologous to inducible RD-114. The RD-114 virogenes were dispersed to several cat chrosomes that were localized using a panel of rodent x cat somatic cell hybrids. A comparison of the genetic properties of endogenous human retroviral sequences revealed several similarities between the human and feline status of endogenous retroviruses.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040410
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Karyonidal inheritance of mating types in tetrahymena malaccensis (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 5 (1984), S. 43-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: ciliate genetics ; Tetrahymena malaccensis ; karyonidal inheritance ; macronuclear assortment ; selfing ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Mating type determination in Tetrahymena malaccensis is karyonidal, ie, the four new macronuclei developing in a single conjugating pair are independently determined as to which of the six known mating types they will express. Occasional selfing clones are similar to those in T thermophila, in that any one is capable of stabilizing at a restricted range of mating types. The genetic basis of mating type potentialities is incompletely resolved. T malaccensis may, like T thermophila and T canadensis, have a single multiallelic locus that controls the array of types. Quantitative considerations suggest, however, that other loci may be involved.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020050104
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 5 (1984) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020050201
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell specificity in the developmental regulation of acid hydrolases by temporal genes (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 5 (1984), S. 83-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: temporal genes ; acid hydrolases ; liver ; mice ; hepatocytes ; nonhepatocytes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The cell specificity of expression of three distinct trans acting temporal gene systems determining the developmental control of α-galactosidase, β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase was tested in mouse liver. For α-galactosidase and β-galactosidase, expression was limited to hepatocytes; no effect was seen in nonhepatocytes. For β-glucuronidase the data suggest that expression of the Gus-t temporal locus is also limited to hepatocytes, and that the smaller enzyme reduction seen in nonhepatocytes of some strains is due to a separate systemic regulatory locus that is also present in the [Gus] gene complex. We conclude that the temporal gene-determined timing mechanisms initiating switches in rates of enzyme synthesis are intrinsic to the cells themselves and are not communicated to adjacent cells. This conclusion applies to the temporal locus for β-glucuronidase that is proximate to its structural gene as well as those for α-galactosidase and β-galactosidase that are distant from the structural genes that they regulate.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020050204
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...