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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
  • 04.02. Exploration geophysics
  • Allgemeine Geographie
  • 2020-2024  (16)
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Keywords
Years
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-03-05
    Description: In questa tesi si intende presentare i risultati di una sperimentazione condotta sia in laboratorio che su rocce in sito, tendente a dimostrare l’esistenza di emissioni radio a bassissima frequenza (bande ELF, VF, VLF) in associazione alla sollecitazione meccanica di masse litoidi. Questo effetto supporta l’ipotesi che ha motivato sia la costruzione dell’apparecchio utilizzato nella rilevazione dei segnali che la tesi stessa: la possibilità di individuare nei segnali radiosismici un fenomeno precursore attendibile. L’effetto però si può estendere al monitoraggio della stabilità di versanti rocciosi (eventuale previsione di frane) e ad altre applicazioni geologiche di monitoraggio e prospezione. Il metodo consiste nello studio della radiazione elettromagnetica naturale in banda acustica (20 Hz – 20 kHz) in quanto questa si adatta più facilmente all’ordinaria disponibilità dei mezzi hardware e software. Ciò lo rende particolarmente accessibile a basso costo. Il fenomeno all’origine di queste emissioni può avere diversi modelli di interpretazione. Qui si farà riferimento in particolare a quello proposto dal candidato, senza tuttavia trascurare altre possibilità. Il rilevatore, chiamato “radiogeofono”, è stato costruito dal candidato appositamente per questo scopo. La sperimentazione in sito si è svolta in una cava di calcare massiccio su fronti abbattuti da volate di mine. La sperimentazione in laboratorio si è svolta su campioni di varie litologie (calc.massiccio, calcare a rudiste, scaglia variegata, porfido) sottoposti a compressione uniassiale. Oltre al radiogeofono sono stati impiegati sensori aerei e apparecchiature radio convenzionali per monitorare: onda acustica, onda di pressione, emissioni elettromagnetiche nelle bande HF e UHF. Le registrazioni analogiche sono state convertite in campionamenti digitali per poter essere sottoposte a processi software di filtraggio ed analisi numerica (oscillogrammi e spettrogrammi). Sono stati rilevati segnali emessi dalla roccia associabili alla variazione dello stato tensionale e alla successiva fratturazione sia in condizione di distensione (esperimenti in cava) che di compressione (esperimenti in laboratorio). E’ stato verificato che in banda E-VLF i segnali premonitori della rottura si possono rilevare sistematicamente. Tali emissioni hanno un’intensità massima in banda radioacustica che decresce all’aumentare della frequenza diventando quindi molto bassa sulle bande radiofoniche di maggiore utilizzazione. Il meccanismo di emissione, qualunque esso sia, si è dimostrato più o meno efficiente in funzione del tipo di roccia e delle condizioni di sforzo che la portano alla rottura. Lo studio delle emissioni elettromagnetiche naturali in banda ELF e VLF si è dimostrato dunque un metodo particolarmente promettente al fine di prevedere un sisma o comunque la rottura di una massa litoide.
    Description: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Roma "La Sapienza".
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Keywords: terremoto ; precursori sismici ; emissione elettromagnetica ; dilatanza ; microfratturazione ; VLF ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: thesis
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-03-05
    Description: Lo studio prende in esame principalmente una porzione continua di spettro EM che si estende da 20 Hz a 20 kHz attraversando le bande radio ELF e VLF. La scelta di questa banda ha consentito un’accurata discriminazione dei fenomeni attraverso l’analisi spettrale del segnale EM, resa possibile dall’adozione di tecnologie già disponibili nel campo dei segnali acustici. Il fenomeno di emissione EM associata alla sollecitazione meccanica della roccia si presenta sotto forma di segnali impulsivi. In laboratorio si sono potute distinguere due categorie di segnale impulsivo, ciascuna caratterizzata da un proprio stile riconoscibile nell’analisi comparata della distribuzione spettrale, degli eventi e delle intensità. La sorgente dell’emissione può essere attribuita alla microfratturazione attraverso il modello della frattura in un dielettrico. Il potenziale generato su ogni singola frattura sembra essere dell’ordine delle centinaia di Volt e potrebbe raggiungere il migliaio. Il primo tipo di emissione (SIO), ad alta frequenza, è associabile meccanicamente alla formazione dei crack e indipendentemente dalla scala si può suddividere in insiemi di unità: impulsi, treni di impulsi ed episodi di emissione dei treni. Il secondo e più intenso tipo di sequenza (SID) è invece a bassa frequenza e associabile all’apertura delle fratture. In questo caso nella distribuzione temporale degli eventi si possono riconoscere degli episodi legati alla rottura da una relazione di proporzionalità. La fenomenologia nel suo complesso è stata osservata in ogni tipo di litologia esaminata con differenze non dipendenti direttamente dalla mineralogia ma piuttosto riconducibili all’omogeneità strutturale e allo stile deformativo del materiale. Malgrado questa variabilità abbia influenzato anche l’intensità dell’emissione, la sequenza SID, almeno nella fase parossistica, è osservabile in ogni prova e quindi la sua occorrenza appare sistematica. Nell’ambiente naturale in tre occasioni è stato riconosciuto un segnale riconducibile alla SIO, in tutti i casi associabile ad un sisma di magnitudo ≥ 4.5 succeduto nell’arco di 3~4 giorni. Rispetto all’emissione osservata in laboratorio mostra la stessa distribuzione spettrale e una distribuzione temporale analoga su scala maggiore. L’eventuale presenza dell’emissione SID potrebbe non essere stata risolta dal dispositivo di rilevamento. In generale sono ipotizzabili l’esistenza di una soglia di magnitudo legata all’occorrenza del precursore EM e la sistematicità della successione di un sisma all’emissione EM. E’ ipotizzabile inoltre la presenza di elementi utili alla previsione temporale dell’evento catastrofico nella caratterizzazione della variabilità del fenomeno stesso e la possibilità di risalire alla posizione della sorgente del segnale indipendentemente dalla direttività del sensore. Sebbene si tratti solo di ipotesi, le caratteristiche di questo tipo di precursore sarebbero tali da giustificare l’avanzamento di nuovi studi per la loro verifica.
    Description: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Roma "La Sapienza"
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Keywords: terremoto ; fenomeni precursori ; emissioni elettromagnetiche ; dilatanza ; microfratturazione ; VLF ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: thesis
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-02-20
    Description: Game is a powerful educational tool able to involve students and keep their attention high, promoting cognitive development, discoveries, reasoning, and thinking. It is also an effective active form of learning which consolidates the acquired knowledge and carries out an authentic assessment through reality tasks and immediate feedback typical of the use of the digital games. Our gamy-learning experimentation focuses on new methods and practices of science communication, with the aim to face the challenge of educating about natural risks and climate change. The goal is to facilitate the automatic choice of good practices, by stimulating mind, intuition and logic in the perspective of teambuilding in school-based civic education. The proper application of technological tools is a valuable aid for conscious communication for the next generation. A Computer Supported Collaborative Learning Education is experienced, in order to test the efficacy of our GeoQuest TROPOMAG digital adventure, and pave the ground for the implementation of the storytelling in an integrated table game. Our climate change role-playing videogame explores phenomena related to the possible effects of changes in the Earth's magnetic field on the atmosphere. The virtual adventure path is played on smartphones and follows alternative paths chosen by the players to develop the storytelling. As a result, students play not only “just for fun”, but also to actively participate in their learning process and acquisition of new knowledge, skills and competences in environmental issues.
    Description: Published
    Description: Lisbona
    Description: OSA2: Evoluzione climatica: effetti e loro mitigazione
    Keywords: Gamification ; digital game based learning ; computer supported collaborative learning education ; climate change ; geomagnetism ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 04.05. Geomagnetism ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 01.01. Atmosphere ; 01.02. Ionosphere ; 01.03. Magnetosphere
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Experimental data are publicly available here: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/f78bmhr628/1
    Description: Temperature is a major source of inaccuracy in high-sensitivity accelerometers and gravimeters. Active thermal control systems require power and may not be ideal in some contexts such as airborne or spaceborne applications. We propose a solution that relies on multiple thermometers placed within the accelerometer to measure temperature and thermal gradient variations. Machine Learning algorithms are used to relate the temperatures to their effect on the accelerometer readings. However, obtaining labeled data for training these algorithms can be difficult. Therefore, we also developed a training platform capable of replicating temperature variations in a laboratory setting. Our experiments revealed that thermal gradients had a significant effect on accelerometer readings, emphasizing the importance of multiple thermometers. The proposed method was experimentally tested and revealed a great potential to be extended to other sources of inaccuracy, such as rotations, as well as to other types of measuring systems, such as magnetometers or gyroscopes.
    Description: This work was funded by “Regione Lazio” (Italy) with European Regional Development Fund (Italy, Lazio) through the call “Gruppi di Ricerca 2020 (POR FESR LAZIO 2014 – 2020), project number: A0375-2020-36674
    Description: Published
    Description: 114090
    Description: OSA1: Variazioni del campo magnetico terrestre, imaging crostale e sicurezza del territorio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: gravimeter ; gravimetry ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-01-16
    Description: In questo lavoro vengono presentati i risultati delle indagini geofisiche condotte da un gruppo di ricercatori dell’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia di Roma nell’hortus dei Praedia Iuliae Felicis1. Tali attività hanno costituito uno dei momenti iniziali del più ampio programma PRAEDIA e, in particolare, dello studio del complesso di proprietà di Iulia Felix. In questo contesto, l’hortus sembrava configurarsi come un settore di particolare interesse per lo studio delle fasi edilizie dell’edificio. Alcuni saggi stratigrafici realizzati nel corso degli anni Novanta avevano infatti portato in luce, in corrispondenza dell’ampio parco del complesso, i resti spoliati di strutture murarie apparentemente riferibili all’età ellenistica2.
    Description: Published
    Description: 119-133
    Description: OSA1: Variazioni del campo magnetico terrestre, imaging crostale e sicurezza del territorio
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-01-29
    Description: Recent advances in underwater and airborne robotic systems and ocean technologies have opened new perspectives in marine geology and its applications in the context of coastal and marine economic activities, whose sustainable development is increasingly acknowledged as a pillar for the new blue economy. BridgET (Bridging the gap between the land and the sea in a virtual Environment for innovative Teaching and community involvement in the science of climate change-induced marine and coastal geohazard) is an EU ERASMUS+ project designed to develop innovative and inclusive teaching methods to address a growing demand for strategic skills and scientific expertise in the field of 3D geological mapping of coastal environments. Seamless integration of the wide variety of multisource and multiscale onshore, nearshore and offshore geospatial data is indeed one of the main areas for improvement in the implementation of efficient management practices in coastal regions, where climate change, rising sea level, and geohazards are considerable environmental issues. BridgET involves a partnership consisting of six European universities with outstanding expertise in the study of geological hazards, and climate impacts in marine and coastal areas (i.e., University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy, Arctic University of Tromsø/CAGE - Norway, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Greece, Kiel University, Germany, University of Liege – Belgium, and the University of Malta), two Italian research institutes (INGV and INAF) and a German company (Orthodrone GmvH) specialized in UAS-based LiDAR and photogrammetry data acquisition services and analyses. Project implementation relies on delivering learning and teaching activities through dedicated summer schools for MSc students by efficiently combining the partner’s expertise. Schools focus on giving students a hands-on experience with the variety of methods and procedures adopted in geospatial data acquisition and processing, including the use of drones (Uncrewed Aerial System – UAS), acoustic remote sensing techniques and underwater robotic systems, together with the progress made by computer visions and digital image analysis by using Artificial Intelligence (AI). Students are also introduced to the opportunity to easily examine multiple viewing angles of the seabed and coastal 3D surfaces by using immersive and nonimmersive Virtual Reality (VR), to bring them closer to a more straightforward observation of geomorphological data and geological phenomena. The first Summer School was held in Santorini between the 3rd and 14th of October, 2022. It was attended by 26 students coming from 13 different countries. Teaching and learning activities included several classrooms, fieldwork, laboratory sessions, and seven seminars and cultural visits dealing with transversal topics, allowing students to approach an integrated understanding of human interaction with physical processes from social and economic perspectives. In this presentation, we give examples of course content used to allow students to develop a deeper understanding of theoretical and practical knowledge of climate-induced coastal and marine geohazards. Participants' opinions on the quality of the offered learning/training activities of the Erasmus+ BridgET Santorini Summer School (collected through a dedicated questionnaire) will also be presented. Erasmus+ BridgET Team: Varvara Antoniou, Fabio Luca Bonali, Clara Drummer, Theynushya Esalingam, Luca Fallati, Susanna Falsaperla, Felix Gross, Hans-Balder havenith, Juri Klusak, Sebastian Krastel, Iver Martens, Aaron Micallef, Paraskevi Nomikou, Giuliana Panieri, Danilo Reitano, Julian Teege, Alessandro Tibaldi, Andrea Giulia Varzi, Fabio Vitello, Othonas Vlasopoulos
    Description: Published
    Description: Vienna (Austria)
    Description: OSA4: Ambiente marino, fascia costiera ed Oceanografia operativa
    Keywords: marine geosciences ; education ; Europe ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-05-09
    Description: Gravaglione represents one of the main swallow holes of the Canale di Pirro, low Murge, Apulia region, Italy. Here, after an intense rainstorm, a huge volume of rainwater accumulates at the surface. The drainage dynamics suggest that the Gravaglione could be part of a large, and potentially unknown, karst system. To verify this hypothesis and to acquire useful information on the possible karst environment features, an integrated aerial and geophysical multiscale and multimethod approach was applied. In particular, aerial photogrammetry, ground penetrating radar measurements and electrical resistivity tomography surveys were hence conducted and integrated to potentially detect the caves, define the subsurface volume possibly affected by karst systems and to verify the existence of links between the surficial morphology and the subsoil structure. The results provided interesting insights regarding the presence of a complex karst system extending up to 200 m b.g.l. and with a marked 3D nature. Overall, the Gravaglione case study demonstrates the geophysical approach validity and poses the basis for the development of an expeditive and low-cost high-resolution strategy for detecting and characterizing karst caves.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3820
    Description: OSA1: Variazioni del campo magnetico terrestre, imaging crostale e sicurezza del territorio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: karst environment ; cave detection ; ground penetrating radar ; electrical resistivity tomography ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-05-21
    Description: Misterbianco, located on the southern slope of Mt. Etna (eastern Sicily), was destroyed in the past by two catastrophic events that raised the old town to the ground. The first was the great eruption of 1669, whose lava front buried dozens of villages encountered along its path, entirely destroying the architectural heritage of Etna's southern flank. The second event was the disastrous 1693 Val di Noto earthquake, which caused major destruction throughout south-eastern Sicily, also damaging the few still standing buildings in the town. The GPR survey performed at this site, 350 years after the eruption, allowed a first attempt of planimetric reconstruction of the San Nicolò Church. Starting from the site history, we present the results of an integrated approach that involves history, volcanology and geophysics aimed at addressing future archaeological excavations for the protection of archaeological and monumental assets in a difficult setting as this volcanic environment.
    Description: Published
    Description: 42-50
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: GPR, SfM,cultural heritage,Etna, 1669 eruption ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-05-21
    Description: We present horizontal ground motion predictions at a soft site in the Kumamoto alluvial plain for the Mj 5.9 and Mj 6.5 Kumamoto earthquakes of April 2016, in the framework of an international blind prediction exercise. Such predictions were obtained by leveraging all available information which included: (i) analysis of earthquake ground motions; (ii) processing of ambient vibration data (AMV); and (iii) 1D ground response analysis. Spectral analysis of earthquake ground-motion data were used to obtain empirical estimates of the prediction site amplification function, with evidence of an amplification peak at about 1.2 Hz. Horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio analysis of AMV confirmed this resonance frequency and pointed out also a low-frequency resonance around 0.3 Hz at the prediction site. AMV were then processed by cross-correlation, modified spatial autocorrelation and high-resolution beamforming methods to retrieve the 1D shear-wave velocity (Vs) structure at the prediction site by joint inversion of surface-wave dispersion and ellipticity curves. The use of low frequency dispersion curve and ellipticity data allowed to retrieve a reference Vs profile down to few thousand meters depth which was then used to perform 1D equivalent-linear simulations of the M 5.9 event, and both equivalent-linear and nonlinear simulations of the M 6.5 event at the target site. Adopting quantitative goodness-of-fit metrics based on time–frequency representation of the signals, we obtained fair-to-good agreement between 1D predictions and observations for the Mj 6.5 earthquake and a poor agreement for the Mj 5.9 earthquake. In terms of acceleration response spectra, while ground-motion overpredictions were obtained for the Mj 5.9 event, simulated ground motions for the Mj 6.5 earthquake severely underestimate the observations, especially those obtained by the nonlinear approach.
    Description: stituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Rome, Italy.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105
    Description: OST4 Descrizione in tempo reale del terremoto, del maremoto, loro predicibilità e impatto
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.06. Seismology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-05-29
    Description: Some seismo-stratigraphic evidence on the occurrence of wave-cut marine terraces in the Licosa promontory (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) based on Sub-bottom Chirp seismic sections is herein presented. Such evidence is provided by marine terraced surfaces situated at various water depths below sea level and etched into the rocky acoustic basement, which are extensively extending in the seaward extension of the Licosa promontory. It is possible that the isotopic stratigraphy and the terraced marine surfaces are connected, so they can be attributed and dated indirectly. The geologic study of seismic profiles has pointed to the prominence of the acoustic basement, extending to the seabed close to the coast and subsiding seawards under the Quaternary marine succession. Ancient remains of marine terraces, found at a range of water depths between 5 m and 50 m, have documented the major morphological changes of the acoustic basement during the Late Quaternary.
    Description: Published
    Description: 392–418
    Description: OSA4: Ambiente marino, fascia costiera ed Oceanografia operativa
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: seismic stratigraphy ; marine terraces ; Licosa promontory ; acoustic basement ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2023-03-30
    Description: Deception Island is one of the most active and best-documented volcanoes in Antarctica. Since its last eruption in 1970, several geophysical surveys have targeted reconstructing its magmatic systems. However, geophysics fails to reconstruct the pathways magma and fluids follow from depth to erupt at the surface. Here, novel data selection strategies and multi-frequency absorption inversions have been framed in a Geographical Information System, using all available geological (vents and faults distribution), geochemical and geophysical knowledge of the volcano. The result is the detection of these eruptive pathways. The model offers the first image of the magma and associated fluids pathways feed the 1967, 1969, and 1970 eruptions. Results suggest that future ascending paths might lead to active research bases and zones of planned helicopter rescue. The connection between seismic absorption, temperature, and fluid content makes it a promising attribute for detecting and monitoring eruptions at active calderas.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2022GL099540
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.08. Volcanology
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2023-03-22
    Description: The imaging of volcanic systems is a challenging topic that attracts the scientific community’s attention. The characterization of structures and rock properties by means of seismic active methods is becoming fundamental for providing ultra-high-resolution images of the structures of interest. The Solfatara Volcano is a quiescent volcano in the Campi Flegrei resurgent nested caldera that is continuously under investigation and monitoring for its shallow activity, such as fumaroles. The purpose of this work is to characterize the fluid accumulation zone in the first 150 m depth in the middle of the crater, using several post-stack seismic attributes and Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO) analysis to characterize the contact between the CO2 and condensed water in the shallower accumulation zone. The two 400 m-long profiles to which we refer in this work have been acquired during the active Repeated InduCed Earthquakes and Noise experiment. The profiles were deployed along with the NNE-SSW and WNW-ESE directions across the whole surface of the crater including the main surface anomalies of the fumaroles, in the eastern area, and the mud-pool of Fangaia, located in the western area. The seismic pre-processing, pre-stack processing, and post-stack analysis previously applied on the NNE-SSW profile are here performed for the first time on the WNW-ESE profile, while partial-stack AVO analysis is performed for both profiles. The post-stack attributes including time gain, envelope, energy, and root mean square have been computed and extracted for determining the maximum and minimum values of amplitude zones on the migrated post-stack seismic profiles. Such anomalies are provided by complex and geometrical attributes embedding information on faults and chaotic zones. The AVO technique has also been used as a direct gas indicator to enhance fluid discrimination and identification. Finally, the analysis of the profile, seismic attributes, and near-surface structural interpretation related to the Solfatara Volcano has been incorporated into the proposed analysis. The multi-2D image depicts fluids trapped in the Solfatara Volcano at depths ranging from 10 to 50 m below the crater’s surface, as well as their migration paths up to 150 m deep: this evidenced contact between the fluids has been probably due to the solfataric alteration of the minerals, caused by the arising plume and the abovecondensed water which decreases the permeability of the rocks and forms an argillic phase working as cap-rock and trapping the gases. The application of the AVO analysis, coupled with the seismic attribute’s investigation, provides a very detailed multi-2D image of the shallower Solfatara Volcano, which outperforms in terms of accuracy the ones obtained with different tools in previous works, and that evidences the presence and the position of the liquid and the gases in the north-east area of the Solfatara Volcano.
    Description: Published
    Description: 866534
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.08. Volcanology
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2023-06-05
    Description: The prompt identification of faults responsible for moderate-to-large earthquakes is fundamental for understanding the likelihood of further, potentially damaging events. This is increasingly challenging when the activated fault is an offshore buried thrust, where neither coseismic surface ruptures nor GPS/InSAR deformation data are available after an earthquake. We show that on 9 November 2022, an Mw 5.5 earthquake offshore Pesaro ruptured a portion of the buried Northern Apennines thrust front (the Cornelia thrust system [CTS]). By post-processing and interpreting the seismic reflection profiles crossing this thrust system, we determined that the activated fault (CTS) is an arcuate 30-km-long, NW-SE striking, SW dipping thrust and that older structures at its footwall possibly influenced its position and geometry. The activation of adjacent segments of the thrust system is a plausible scenario that deserves to be further investigated to understand the full earthquake potential of this offshore seismogenic source.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2022GL102299
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Seismic reflection profiles ; Structural geology ; blind thrust ; buried fault ; earthquake sequence ; seismogenic fault ; subsurface modelling ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2023-02-14
    Description: A two-dimensional basin and petroleum system modeling approach was applied to the Burano-Bolognano petroleum system (Central Italy) to constrain some factors (position, lateral extension and maturity of the source rock, the role of fractures and faults in hydrocarbon migration) which influenced its structural evolution and the related migration pathways. The petroleum system extends from the Majella Mountain to the northern Cigno, Vallecupa, Bonanno oil fields, intensively explored during the past century. Some features, such as the location and extension of the source rock and its maturity, and hydrocarbon pathways, are still undefined. Thus, we developed a 3D geological static model of the Cenozoic carbonate succession and then, we performed basin modeling along a 2D geological section, integrating the petrophysical properties of rocks measured in laboratory. Our results prove that the Burano source rock reached a low-middle maturity, and the best representation of the actual hydrocarbon occurrences is reached when the source rock is at north of the Majella Mountain with a minimum extension of 3 km. For the BBPS a strong lateral migration and a gradual oil biodegradation towards the Majella area must be considered. Moreover, modeling results highlight a minor control of the faults on the migration in this area. This basin modeling is relevance for investigations in similar settings since carbonate-ramp reservoir studies are usually very challenging to be correctly modeled due to their high heterogeneities.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105436
    Description: 1TR. Georisorse
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Basin modeling ; Carbonate reservoir ; Geological modeling ; Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2023-10-13
    Description: This study focuses on two weak points of the present procedure to carry out microzoning study in near-field areas: (1) the Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs), commonly used in the reference seismic hazard (RSH) assessment; (2) the ambient noise measurements to define the natural frequency of the near surface soils and the bedrock depth. The limitations of these approaches will be discussed throughout the paper based on the worldwide and Italian experiences performed after the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake and then confirmed by the most recent 2012 Emilia Romagna earthquake and the 2016–17 Central Italy seismic sequence. The critical issues faced are (A) the high variability of peak ground acceleration (PGA) values within the first 20–30 km far from the source which are not robustly interpolated by the GMPEs,(B) at the level 1 microzoning activity, the soil seismic response under strong motion shaking is characterized by microtremors’ horizontal to vertical spectral ratios (HVSR) according to Nakamura’s method. This latter technique is commonly applied not being fully compliant with the rules fixed by European scientists in 2004, after a 3-year project named Site EffectS assessment using AMbient Excitations (SESAME). Hereinafter, some “best practices” from recent Italian and International experiences of seismic hazard estimation and microzonation studies are reported in order to put forward two proposals: (a) to formulate site-specific GMPEs in near-field areas in terms of PGA and (b) to record microtremor measurements following accurately the SESAME advice in order to get robust and repeatable HVSR values and to limit their use to those geological contests that are actually horizontally layered.
    Description: Published
    Description: id 11
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: earthquake ; site effects ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2023-11-21
    Description: During the 2016–2017, a seismic sequence struck the Central Italy, involving four regions (Umbria, Marche, Abruzzo and Lazio) and causing important damages and victims in inhabited areas such as Norcia and Amatrice towns. The strongest event of the seismic sequence was a Mw 6.5 event with epicenter at about 5 km far from the Norcia area, which is an intermontane basin prone to ground motion amplification. The historical town of Norcia and the surrounding hamlets were recently investigated by the microzonation activity, but information on the geometry and velocity are still partial considering the entire basin. Indeed, past studies aimed at reconstructing the elastic and geometrical properties focusing mainly on the northern part of the basin. Specifically in this paper, we integrated seismic and geological data to get a better knowledge of the properties of the Quaternary Norcia basin. A geological survey was carried out to provide a geological map and three geological cross-sections. We analyzed new seismic ambient vibrations data, collected by single-seismic stations, to infer the distribution of resonant frequency (f0) for the entire basin. We used passive arrays of seismic stations to better define the velocity profiles of the area. In the northern part of the basin, two 2D arrays with elliptical-like shapes were deployed showing strong discrepancies of the elastic soil properties in proximity of Norcia town. We found shear-wave velocities of the near-surface profile of about 300–400 and 500–800 m/s in presence of palustrine and alluvial fan deposits, respectively. Further, the values of f0 are abruptly varying from 0.5 Hz in the SW sector of Norcia village up to 2 Hz in its NE sector. Ambient vibration data reveal less pronounced variation of f0 in the southern part of the basin, with resonant values that are almost in the range 1–1.3 Hz. In the southern sector, a 1D array was arranged along a 5-km line and was analyzed by means of seismic noise cross-correlation analysis suggesting the presence of a deeper seismic contrast. The integration of geophysical and geological results has allowed to infer insights on the subsurface geometry of the basin.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105501
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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