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  • Artikel  (18)
  • 04.06. Seismology  (17)
  • 05.02. Data dissemination  (2)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism
  • Creep observations and analysis
  • INGV  (11)
  • Wiley-AGU  (6)
  • Elsevier B.V.
  • Geological Society of America
  • Wiley
  • 2020-2024  (18)
  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-11-13
    Beschreibung: We model Coulomb stress transfer (CST) due to 30 strong earthquakes occurring on normal faults since 1509 CE in Calabria, Italy, including the influence of interseismic loading, and compare the results to existing studies of stress interaction from the Central and Southern Apennines, Italy. The three normal fault systems have different geometries and long-term slip-rates. We investigate the extent to which stress transfer can influence the occurrence of future earthquakes and what factors may govern the variability in earthquake recurrence in different fault systems. The Calabrian, Central Apennines, and Southern Apennines fault systems have 91%, 73%, and 70% of faults with mean positive cumulative CST in the time considered; this is due to fewer faults across strike, more across strike stress reductions, and greater along-strike spacing in the three regions respectively. In regions with close along strike spacing or few faults across strike, such as Calabria and Southern Apennines, the stress loading history is mostly dominated by interseismic loading and most faults are positively stressed before an earthquake occur on them (96% of all faults that ruptured in Calabria; 94% of faults in Southern Apennines), and some of the strongest earthquakes occur on faults with the highest mean cumulative stress of all faults prior to the earthquake. In the Central Apennines, where across strike interactions are the predominant process, 79% of earthquakes occur on faults positively stressed. The results highlight that fault system geometry plays a central role in characterizing the stress evolution associated with earthquake recurrence.
    Beschreibung: This work was supported by a Natural Environment Research Council studentship (Grant NE/L002485/1) to Claudia Sgambato. Original development of the 3D-faults code was supported by NERC PhD Studentship NE/L501700/1 and JSPS Short Term Fellowship PE15776 to Zoë Mildon.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: e2023JB026496
    Beschreibung: OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremoto
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Fault interaction ; Tectonics of Calabria ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-02-21
    Beschreibung: We present the first three-dimensional (3D) anisotropic teleseismic P-wave tomography model of the upper mantle covering the entire Central Mediterranean. Compared to isotropic tomography, it is found that including the magnitude, azimuth, and, importantly, dip of seismic anisotropy in our inversions simplifies isotropic heterogeneity by reducing the magnitude of slow anomalies while yielding anisotropy patterns that are consistent with regional tectonics. The isotropic component of our preferred tomography model is dominated by numerous fast anomalies associated with retreating, stagnant, and detached slab segments. In contrast, relatively slower mantle structure is related to slab windows and the opening of back-arc basins. To better understand the complexities in slab geometry and their relationship to surface geological phenomenon, we present a 3D reconstruction of the main Central Mediterranean slabs down to 700 km based on our anisotropic model. P-wave seismic anisotropy is widespread in the Central Mediterranean upper mantle and is strongest at 200-300 km depth. The anisotropy patterns are interpreted as the result of asthenospheric material flowing primarily horizontally around the main slabs in response to pressure exerted by their mid-to-late Cenezoic horizontal motion, while sub-vertical anisotropy possibly reflects asthenospheric entrainment by descending lithosphere. Our results highlight the importance of anisotropic P-wave imaging for better constraining regional upper mantle geodynamics.
    Beschreibung: This study is supported by the ERC StG 758199 NEWTON.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: e2021JB023488
    Beschreibung: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Central Mediterranean ; P‐wave tomography ; mantle dynamics ; seismic anisotropy ; slab geometry ; subduction zone ; 04.01. Earth Interior ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-02-21
    Beschreibung: The complex tectonic setting of the central-western Mediterranean has interested geoscientists for decades, but its geodynamic evolution remains a matter of debate. We rely on 807 seismometers from southern Europe and northern Africa to measure Rayleigh and Love phase velocities in the period range ∼5–200 s, based on teleseismic earthquakes and seismic ambient noise. By nonlinear joint inversion of the phase-velocity maps, we obtain a 3-D shear-wave velocity (VS) model of the study area. At shallow depths, our model correlates with surface geology and reveals the presence of a sedimentary cover in the Liguro-Provençal basin, as opposed to the Tyrrhenian basin where this is either very thin or absent. At ∼5-km depth, high velocities below the Magnaghi, Vavilov, and Marsili seamounts point to an exhumed, scarcely serpentinized mantle. These are replaced by lower velocities at larger depths, likely connected to the presence of partial melt. At 50–60-km depth, a very heterogeneous structure characterizes the Tyrrhenian basin, with low velocities pointing to the presence of fluids due to the lateral mantle inflow from the Ionian slab edges, and higher velocities associated with a relatively dry upper mantle. Such heterogeneity disappears at depths ≳75 km, replaced by more uniform velocities which are ∼2% lower than those found in the Liguro-Provençal basin. We infer that, at the same depths, the Tyrrhenian basin is characterized by a larger concentration of fluids and possibly higher temperatures.
    Beschreibung: The Grant to the Department of Science, Roma Tre University (MIUR-Italy Dipartimenti di Eccellenza, ARTICOLO 1, COMMI 314-337 LEGGE 232/2016) German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD, Grant 57030312). Projekt DEAL. Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG - German Research Foundation) under the Individual Research Project: SI 1748/4-1.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: e2021JB023267
    Beschreibung: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): 04.01. Earth Interior ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-01-17
    Beschreibung: We analyzed 12 years of continuous seismic data acquired by two seismic stations in Central Apennines (Italy) with the aim to investigate the temporal variations of H/V spectral ratios. The two stations are located in the epicentral areas of the main strong motion earthquakes occurred in Central Italy in the last 12 years (L’Aquila 06 April 2009, Mw 6.1; Amatrice 24 August 2016, Mw 6.0; Visso 26 October 2016, Mw 5.9, and Norcia 30 October 2016, Mw 6.5). H/V ratios are computed both on continuous and earthquakes data recorded by the two stations. H/V ratios are subjected to abrupt changes after strong earthquakes. The results highlight that after strong shaking, there are remarkable drops of the peak frequencies (7%–10% of reduction). After this sudden decrease, the peak frequency slowly recovers to the initial value in a time ranging from a few months to a few years. We also observe a moderate frequency variation (of order of 2%–3%) linked to seasonal variations: the peak frequencies increase in the spring-summer months and decrease during the winter. The frequency changes after strong earthquakes have been interpreted in terms of velocity variations of the shallow layers. This effect must be taken into account for microzonation, geophysical, and engineering studies that are often carried out in the epicentral areas after strong earthquakes. H/V analysis over time proved to be a useful procedure for highlighting temporal changes relating to the properties of shallow layers of the propagation medium and could provide relevant information for the site characterization of permanent seismic stations.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: e2021JB023848
    Beschreibung: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): HV spectral ratio ; Site Effects ; HV resonant frequency ; temporal variations of HV spectral ratios ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-02-20
    Beschreibung: This report describes the state of the art of the installation techniques for seismic stations developed by the Seismology Group and the Seismology Laboratory at the INGV branch in Pisa, with examples of applications taken from long‐duration field experiments carried out in different areas of Tuscany, such as Monte Amiata and the Mugello basin. Our goal was to develop a low‐cost infrastructure, portable and easily adaptable to different terrains, suitable for hosting a variety of real‐time seismic stations. In addition to improving the structural resistance of the deployment, we also developed applications for the remote monitoring of the state of health of the seismic stations, which allowed a more efficient maintenance of the instrumentation. The proposed type of installation has proved to be sufficiently robust and suitable for installations with a temporal duration of a few years, and in agreement with the expected targets, as proved by the analyses carried out during and at the end of the experiments in which they were used.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-30
    Beschreibung: 1IT. Reti di monitoraggio e sorveglianza
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Schlagwort(e): Stazioni sismiche, Installazione sensori sismici, Rete temporanea, Seismic stations, Seismic sensor installation, Temporary network ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-07-18
    Beschreibung: This work was carried out within the 2015 ART-IT project (Early Earthquake Alert in ITaly). Its main purpose is to investigate the performance and the critical issues of an early warning system with particular reference to the PRESTo system (PRobabilistic and Evolutionary early warning SysTem, [Iannacone et al., 2010; Satriano et al., 2011]) whose use has been tested in the framework of the above mentioned project. The correct operation of an early warning system can effectively guarantee a more effective management of a seismic emergency from the first seconds after the occurrence of a strong earthquake, allowing quick actions to reduce exposure and seismic risk. The work was substantially subdivided into two main steps. A first calibration phase, carried out in the first part of the project and aimed to identify the best values of the software configuration parameters in terms of event triggering and declaration. Once the values of the aforementioned parameters have been identified, the second phase of the work was focused on testing the software in real time configuration, on a test site area and the subsequent evaluation of its performance in terms of declaration and localization capacity. This work focuses mainly on the second part of the experimentation and is aimed describing and summarizing the analysis carried out to evaluate the response of the PRESTo software (and in general of an early warning system) after one year of experimentation and acquisition and highlight any problems and critical issues of the software and more generally of the rapid alert systems.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-32
    Beschreibung: 8T. Sismologia in tempo reale e Early Warning Sismico e da Tsunami
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Sistema di allerta rapido, Rischio sismico, Early warning system, Seismic risk ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-05
    Beschreibung: The prompt identification of faults responsible for moderate-to-large earthquakes is fundamental for understanding the likelihood of further, potentially damaging events. This is increasingly challenging when the activated fault is an offshore buried thrust, where neither coseismic surface ruptures nor GPS/InSAR deformation data are available after an earthquake. We show that on 9 November 2022, an Mw 5.5 earthquake offshore Pesaro ruptured a portion of the buried Northern Apennines thrust front (the Cornelia thrust system [CTS]). By post-processing and interpreting the seismic reflection profiles crossing this thrust system, we determined that the activated fault (CTS) is an arcuate 30-km-long, NW-SE striking, SW dipping thrust and that older structures at its footwall possibly influenced its position and geometry. The activation of adjacent segments of the thrust system is a plausible scenario that deserves to be further investigated to understand the full earthquake potential of this offshore seismogenic source.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: e2022GL102299
    Beschreibung: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Beschreibung: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Beschreibung: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Beschreibung: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Seismic reflection profiles ; Structural geology ; blind thrust ; buried fault ; earthquake sequence ; seismogenic fault ; subsurface modelling ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-10-13
    Beschreibung: This simple and qualitative discussion is an attempt to include in a comprehensive framework the problem of earthquake forecasting and univocally clarify the meaning of "precursor" and the true importance of their study. It is also the starting point to present the potential of the electromagnetic precursor in the framework of classic precursors. The fact that seismic precursors are truly existing phenomena does not represent the solution to the problem of deterministic forecasting. Currently a precursor is not a prediction aid but an investigative tool of the earthquake preparation process: aka the complex mechanism of microfracturing, growth and self-organization of fractures that is necessary to produce ruptures in the crust. Scholz's "Theory of Dilatance" (ToD), improved and further developed for decades after 1960, remains one of the best explanations for the existence of observable precursors and still seems to highlight the only plausible common cause. ToD is presented here in an "extended" vision in the framework of geotechnical knowledge on rock fracturing in the laboratory. Dilatance is a systematic and necessary process with respect to rock breaking. It would itself be the ideal precursor to the earthquake if it did not lack the essential characteristic of being directly observable. At the moment, the only way to detect dilatance in nature is through its interaction with the surrounding environment and its ability to change the physical characteristics of the rock, that is, through secondary phenomena that it can cause. These phenomena sometimes visible on the surface are what we call precursors. We have reviewed the main "classic" precursors by examining them in the light of the ToD. The study of dilatance, which requires a comparative, systematic and extensive monitoring of precursor phenomena, could lead to a key of interpretation of the precursors themselves for the prediction of the earthquake.
    Beschreibung: Questa trattazione divulgativa è un tentativo di presentare il problema della previsione dei terremoti nella sua globalità per chiarire il significato di “precursore” e la vera utilità dello studio dei precursori. È anche lo spunto per presentare al pubblico le potenzialità del precursore elettromagnetico nel panorama dei precursori classici. Il fatto che i precursori sismici siano fenomeni realmente esistenti non rappresenta la soluzione al problema della previsione deterministica. Attualmente un precursore non è uno strumento di previsione ma un mezzo di sondaggio di ciò che chiamiamo “preparazione del sisma”: il complesso meccanismo di microfratturazione, accrescimento e autoorganizzazione delle fratture che è necessario a produrre la rottura nella crosta. La “teoria della Dilatanza” (TdD) di Scholz, più volte perfezionata dal 1960 ad oggi, resta una delle migliori trattazioni invocabili per motivare l’esistenza dei precursori documentati e sembra tuttora restare l’unica plausibile forma di inquadramento comune. Essa viene qui ripresentata in una visione “estesa” alla luce delle conoscenze geotecniche sulla fratturazione della roccia in laboratorio. La dilatanza è un processo sistematico e necessario rispetto alla rottura della roccia. Sarebbe essa stessa il precursore ideale del terremoto se non mancasse della caratteristica essenziale di essere visibile. Al momento l’unico modo per rilevare la dilatanza in natura è attraverso la sua interazione con l’ambiente circostante e la sua capacità di mutare le caratteristiche fisiche della roccia, cioè attraverso fenomeni secondari che essa può causare. Questi fenomeni, talvolta visibili in superficie, sono ciò che chiamiamo precursori. Abbiamo messo in rassegna i principali precursori “classici” esaminandoli alla luce della TdD. Lo studio della dilatanza, che richiede un monitoraggio comparato, sistematico ed esteso dei fenomeni precursori, potrebbe condurre alla definizione di una chiave interpretativa comune e generale dei precursori stessi per la previsione del terremoto.
    Beschreibung: Progetto INGV “Pianeta Dinamico” (codice progetto INGV 1020.010) finanziato dal MIUR ("Fondo finalizzato al rilancio degli investimenti delle amministrazioni centrali dello Stato e allo sviluppo del Paese", legge 145/2018).
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-40
    Beschreibung: 7T. Variazioni delle caratteristiche crostali e "precursori"
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): earthquake precursors ; earthquake ; precursors ; electromagnetic precursors ; precursori ; terremoto ; precursori elettromagnetici ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-08-29
    Beschreibung: Injecting volcanic gas into the air leads to an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels compared with background concentrations and may establish gas hazard conditions. This study reports the results of five stable isotope (i.e., δ13C-CO2 and δ18O-CO2) surveys of airborne CO2 on Vulcano from August 2020 to November 2021. To measure CO2 in the air, a mobile laboratory was equipped with a laser-based spectrophotometer that can selectively detect different CO2 isotopologues. Volcanic CO2 has a different isotopic signature than atmospheric CO2 and both δ13C-CO2 and δ18O-CO2 can help trace the injections of volcanic gases into the air. An isotopic mass balance model was developed for partitions CO2 between atmospheric background and volcanic CO2. The results of these studies show that volcanic CO2 emissions and atmospheric circulation deeply affected the concentration of CO2 in the air at Vulcano Porto. Studies of δ13C-CO2 and δ18O-CO2 provide an estimate of volcanic CO2 in the air. These results help identify spatially some points of interest for mitigating volcanic gas emission-related hazards on Vulcano.
    Beschreibung: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: e2022JD037706
    Beschreibung: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): stable isotopes ; atmospheric carbon dioxide ; gas hazard ; geochemical modeling ; volcanic degassing ; volcanic crisis ; Vulcano, isole Eolie ; carbon dioxide ; volcanic gas emissions ; oxygen isotopes ; carbon isotopes ; CO2 ; air CO2 ; Spatial isotope monitoring enables the identification of the origin of CO2 in the air ; Calculating the stable isotope balances enables quantify the volcanic CO2 in the total CO2 in the air ; Significant changes in volcanic degassing increased air CO2 concentration and gas hazard on Vulcano – Italy – in 2021 ; 01.01. Atmosphere ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 03.04. Chemical and biological ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.02. Data dissemination
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-23
    Beschreibung: The seismic monitoring of the national territory and of the EuroMediterranean area makes use of the velocimetric, accelerometric and GPS (geodetic) data acquired by the stations of the National Seismic Network, by the RING Network and by the MedNet Network. As part of the FISR 2017 project “Integrated operating rooms and monitoring networks for the future: INGV 2.0” (2017), sensors capable of detecting both geophysical and geochemical parameters at the same time are being integrated. This technical report describes the integration of a Rn222 sensor (radon hereafter). Over the past few decades radon has found a variety of Earth Science applications, ranging from its use as a potential earthquake precursor and tectonic stress indicator to its specific role in volcanic environments, where significant changes in concentration previous or concomitant to eruptive crises are also induced by volcanic gases, CO 2 for example, which act as carriers accelerating the migration of radon through the earth’s crust and therefore its detection. In order to explore the possibility of a link between seismogenic processes and temporal variability of radon emissions, a permanent national network has been created, IRON (Italian Radon mOnitoring Network), which uses both commercial radon instruments, equipped with a proprietary system for data storage, transmission and consultation, and INGV sensors that need an interface to acquire and make data available remotely. A hardware and software interface has therefore been designed, built and tested capable of i) counting and storing the pulses in TTL format generated by the instrument which measures the 8 radon concentration in air, ii) being connected to a router for sending the acquired data to a server. A service (syncproc) was also created in PHP to query remote stations at regular intervals and collect the acquired data intended to populate a database created with MariaDB. An expressly created website allows to extract the stored data from the database and configure each installed sensor. The various software elements have been designed using open source resources.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 3-18
    Beschreibung: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Schlagwort(e): Radon ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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