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  • 2020-2024  (167,289)
  • 1980-1984  (1,016,015)
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  • 1
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    Long-term culture system for deep-sea mussels Gigantidas childressi (2024)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography) | Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: The simulation of deep-sea conditions in laboratories is technically challenging but necessary for experiments that aim at a deeper understanding of physiological mechanisms or host-symbiont interactions of deep-sea organisms. In a proof-of-concept study, we designed a recirculating system for long-term culture (〉2 yr) of deep-sea mussels Gigantidas childressi (previously Bathymodiolus childressi). Mussels were automatically (and safely) supplied with a maximum stable level of ~60 μmol L−1 methane in seawater using a novel methane–air mixing system. Experimental animals also received daily doses of live microalgae. Condition indices of cultured G. childressi remained high over the years, and low shell growth rates could be detected, too, which is indicative of positive energy budgets. Using stable isotope data, we demonstrate that G. childressi in our culture system gained energy, both, from the digestion of methane-oxidizing endosymbionts and from digesting particulate food (microalgae). Limitations of the system, as well as opportunities for future experimental approaches involving deep-sea mussels, are discussed.
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  • 2
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    Introduction to special issue on seabed prospecting technology (2024)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
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  • 3
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    Zooplankton seasonal vertical migration in an optimality-based plankton ecosystem model (2024)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Several species from various zooplankton taxa perform seasonal vertical migrations (SVM) of typically several hundred meters between the surface layer and overwintering depths, particularly in high-latitude regions. We use OPtimality-based PLAnkton (OPPLA) ecosystem model) to simulate SVM behavior in zooplankton in the Labrador Sea. Zooplankton in OPPLA is a generic functional group without life cycle, which facilitates analyzing SVM evolutionary stability and interactions between SVM and the plankton ecosystem. A sensitivity analysis of SVM-related parameters reveals that SVM can amplify the seasonal variations of phytoplankton and zooplankton and enhance the reduction of summer surface nutrient concentrations. SVM is often explained as a strategy to reduce exposure to visual predators during winter. We find that species doing SVM can persist and even dominate the summer-time zooplankton community, even in the presence of Stayers, which have the same traits as the migrators, but do not perform SVM. The advantage of SVM depends strongly on the timing of the seasonal migrations, particularly the day of ascent. The presence of higher (visual) predators tends to suppress the Stayers in our simulations, whereas the SVM strategy can persist in the presence of non-migrating species even without higher predators.
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  • 4
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    Regional Variation in Extratropical North Atlantic Air‐Sea Interaction 1960–2020 (2024)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Air-sea interaction in late boreal winter is studied over the extratropical North Atlantic (NA) during 1960–2020 by examining the relationship between sea-surface temperature (SST) and total turbulent heat flux (THF). The two quantities are positively correlated on interannual timescales over the central-midlatitude and subpolar NA, suggesting the atmosphere on average drives SST and THF variability is independent of SST. On decadal timescales and over the central-midlatitude NA the correlation is negative, suggesting ocean processes on average drive SST and THF variability is sensitive to SST. The correlation is positive over the subpolar NA. There, interannual and decadal THF variability is governed by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). During the major late 20th and early 21st century SST increase in the subpolar NA diminishing oceanic heat loss associated with a weakening NAO was observed. This study suggests that the atmosphere is more sensitive to SST over the central-midlatitude than subpolar NA. Key Points: - Regional variation in the nature of air-sea interaction over the extratropical North Atlantic (NA) north of 35°N - Timescale dependence in relationship between sea-surface temperature (SST) and turbulent heat flux over the central-midlatitude NA - The atmosphere is more sensitive to SST variability over the central-midlatitude than subpolar NA
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  • 5
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    Glimpsing the 2020 spring bloom in the Strait of Georgia (Canada) with autonomous ferry-based sensors (2024)
    Inter Research
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Spatiotemporal observations are data rich and offer insights into links between ecological patterns and underlying processes. We present fine-scale autonomous observations from repeated ferry transects in the Strait of Georgia (British Columbia, Canada) during the 2020 spring bloom period using a FerryBox system (temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a fluorescence) and a digital inline holographic microscope. Despite instrument cleaning interruptions related to COVID-19 restrictions, 3 periods from late winter (February) to springtime (March and April) contained 14 days of high-quality holograms (〉70 000) capturing 〉10 500 identifiable micro- to mesoplankton using automatic object detection. The ferry set-up provided automatic data storage through Ocean Networks Canada, which also automatized data flagging and guaranteed remote access. The highest-quality holograms repeatedly covered the central and eastern Strait and showed aspects of bloom succession. Fast-growing diatoms (Skeletonema sp.) emerged first, followed by a diverse assemblage including Chaetoceros spp., Ditylum spp., and Eucampia spp., and by April, larger centric cells prevailed. The combined approach captured local suppression of chlorophyll a fluorescence and diatom concentrations in Fraser River plume waters during the freshet, suggesting fine-scale spatial patterns in seasonal planktonic community composition. This work is among the first of its kind to autonomously generate in situ imaging and physicochemical data with spatiotemporal resolution.
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  • 6
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    Ocean alkalinity enhancement using sodium carbonate salts does not lead to measurable changes in Fe dynamics in a mesocosm experiment (2024)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: The addition of carbonate minerals to seawater through an artificial ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) process increases the concentrations of hydroxide, bicarbonate, and carbonate ions. This leads to changes in the pH and the buffering capacity of the seawater. Consequently, OAE could have relevant effects on marine organisms and in the speciation and concentration of trace metals that are essential for their physiology. During September and October 2021, a mesocosm experiment was carried out in the coastal waters of Gran Canaria (Spain), consisting on the controlled variation of total alkalinity (TA). Different concentrations of carbonate salts (NaHCO3 and Na2CO3) previously homogenized were added to each mesocosm to achieve an alkalinity gradient between Δ0 to Δ2400 µmol L−1. The lowest point of the gradient was 2400 µmol kg−1, being the natural alkalinity of the medium, and the highest point was 4800 µmol kg−1. Iron (Fe) speciation was monitored during this experiment to analyse total dissolved iron (TdFe, unfiltered samples), dissolved iron (dFe, filtered through a 0.2 µm pore size filter), soluble iron (sFe, filtered through a 0.02 µm pore size filter), dissolved labile iron (dFe′), iron-binding ligands (LFe), and their conditional stability constants () because of change due to OAE and the experimental conditions in each mesocosm. Observed iron concentrations were within the expected range for coastal waters, with no significant increases due to OAE. However, there were variations in Fe size fractionation during the experiment. This could potentially be due to chemical changes caused by OAE, but such an effect is masked by the stronger biological interactions. In terms of size fractionation, sFe was below 1.0 nmol L−1, dFe concentrations were within 0.5–4.0 nmol L−1, and TdFe was within 1.5–7.5 nmol L−1. Our results show that over 99 % of Fe was complexed, mainly by L1 and L2 ligands with ranging between 10.92 ± 0.11 and 12.68 ± 0.32, with LFe ranging from 1.51 ± 0.18 to 12.3 ± 1.8 nmol L−1. Our data on iron size fractionation, concentration, and iron-binding ligands substantiate that the introduction of sodium salts in this mesocosm experiment did not modify iron dynamics. As a consequence, phytoplankton remained unaffected by alterations in this crucial element.
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  • 7
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    1. Wochenbericht M201 VebVolc (2024)
    GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: FS METEOR Expedition M201 VebVolc, 09.06. – 18.07.2024 | Reykjavik – Praia da Vitoria
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 8
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    Hazardous explosive eruptions of a recharging multi-cyclic island arc caldera (2024)
    Nature Research
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Caldera-forming eruptions of silicic volcanic systems are among the most devastating events on Earth. By contrast, post-collapse volcanic activity initiating new caldera cycles is generally considered less hazardous. Formed after Santorini’s latest caldera-forming eruption of ~1600 bce , the Kameni Volcano in the southern Aegean Sea enables the eruptive evolution of a recharging multi-cyclic caldera to be reconstructed. Kameni’s eruptive record has been documented by onshore products and historical descriptions of mainly effusive eruptions dating back to 197 bce . Here we combine high-resolution seismic reflection data with cored lithologies from International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 398 at four sites to determine the submarine architecture and volcanic history of intra-caldera deposits from Kameni. Our shore-crossing analysis reveals the deposits of a submarine explosive eruption that produced up to 3.1 km 3 of pumice and ash, which we relate to a historical eruption in 726 ce . The estimated volcanic explosivity index of magnitude 5 exceeds previously considered worst-case eruptive scenarios for Santorini. Our finding that the Santorini caldera is capable of producing large explosive eruptions at an early stage in the caldera cycle implies an elevated hazard potential for the eastern Mediterranean region, and potentially for other recharging silicic calderas.
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  • 9
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    Early arrival of spring‐spawning Atlantic herring Clupea harengus at their spawning ground in the Kiel Fjord, western Baltic, relates to increasing winter seawater temperature (2024)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: The disturbance of marine organism phenology due to climate change and the subsequent effects on recruitment success are still poorly understood, especially in migratory fish species, such as the Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus; Clupeidae). Here we used the commercial catch data from a local fisher over a 50-year period (1971–2020) to estimate western Baltic spring-spawning (WBSS) herring mean arrival time Q50 (i.e., the week when 50% of the total fish catches had been made) at their spawning ground within the Kiel Fjord, southwest Baltic Sea, and the duration of the spawning season for each year. The relationship between the seawater temperature in the Kiel Bight and other environmental parameters (such as water salinity, North Atlantic and Atlantic multidecadal oscillations) and Q50 was evaluated using a general linear model to test the hypothesis that fish arrived earlier after warm than cold winters. We also estimated the accumulated thermal time to Q50 during gonadal development to estimate the effects of seawater temperature on the variations of Q50. The results of this study revealed a dramatic decrease in herring catches within the Kiel Fjord since the mid-1990s, as documented for the whole southwestern Baltic Sea. Warmer winter seawater temperature was the only factor related to an earlier arrival (1 week for one January seawater temperature degree increase) of herring at their spawning ground. The relationship was found for the first time on week 52 of the year prior to spawning and was the strongest (50% of the variability explained) from the fourth week of January (8 weeks before the mean Q50 among the studied years). A thermal constant to Q50 (~316°C day) was found when temperatures were integrated from the 49th week of the year prior to spawning. These results indicate that seawater temperature enhanced the speed of gonadal maturation during the latest phases of gametogenesis, leading to an early fish arrival under warm conditions. The duration of the spawning season was elongated during warmer years, therefore potentially mitigating the effects of trophic mismatch when fish spawn early. The results of this study highlight the altering effects of climate change on the spawning activity of a migratory fish species in the Baltic Sea where fast global changes presage that in other coastal areas worldwide
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  • 10
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    Recycled materials and secondary processes controlled the chemical and isotopic compositions of bubbling gases discharged from two adjacent geothermal springs in the Northern Luzon Arc (2024)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Highlights • Statistically different gas geochemistry was observed in two adjacent springs. • About 74% of helium was contributed by the mantle. • Excess N2 relative to Ar was attributed to subducted materials and seawater mixing. • Magmatic CO2 has been largely removed by calcite precipitation in the reaction zone. • The residual CO2 may also be supplied by microbial oxidation of alkanes. Gas emissions from hydrothermal systems can serve as indicators of subsurface activity. In addition to gas sources, hydrothermal gas geochemistry is strongly influenced by secondary processes that occur during/after hydrothermal circulation. Here, we observed statistically significant differences in the geochemical characteristics (except for helium isotopes) of bubbling gases discharged from two adjacent vents in the Northern Luzon Arc. Helium (3He/4He = 4.25–7.09 Ra) in both vents was controlled by mixing between mantle and crustal components, where about 74% of helium was contributed by the mantle. Differences in N2/Ar ratios (∼ 300–330) of the two neighboring springs are attributed to subducted materials and seawater mixing (contributing ∼2.5% N2 and Ar), rather than phase separation in the reaction zone. Specifically, Ar was mainly supplied by atmospheric components that dissolved in the percolated seawater with only 8%–9% contributed by the excess radiogenic 40Ar. Excess N2 relative to Ar was mainly supplied by the decomposition of subducted materials (83%–92%) of the South China Sea plate beneath the Philippine Sea Plate. The Lutao gases showed low CO2 concentrations (0.07–22.2 mmol/mol), despite the high 3He/4He ratios indicating a significant contribution of magmatic components. Magmatic CO2 may have been largely consumed by the high Ca Lutao vent fluids via carbonate precipitation in the reaction zone. Alternatively, stable carbon isotope compositions (δ13C) indicate that Lutao CO2 may be supplied by microbial oxidation of alkanes (e.g., CH4 with concentrations of 14.6–173 mmol/mol in the samples), with fractionation factor ΔCO2–CH4 ranging from −15‰ to −25‰ and conversion rates of 〈10%. Up to 65% of the CO2 in the 2016 samples experienced secondary calcite precipitation in the discharge zone. Our results indicate that recycled subducted materials could potentially affect the geochemical characteristics of gases discharged from arc-volcanic systems. In addition, the influence of secondary processes needs to be considered before tracing the sources of hydrothermal fluids and/or gases, especially in shallow-water hydrothermal systems.
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  • 11
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    3. Wochenbericht M201 VebVolc (2024)
    GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: FS METEOR Expedition M201 VebVolc, 09.06. – 18.07.2024 | Reykjavik – Praia da Vitoria
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 12
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    Dual clumped isotopes from Mid-Eocene bivalve shell reveal a hot and summer wet climate of the Paris Basin (2024)
    Nature Research
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Accurate reconstruction of seasonal atmospheric patterns of the past is essential for reliable prediction of how climate will evolve due to anthropogenic CO2 forcing. The Eocene ‘hot house’ climate, as the warmest epoch during the Cenozoic, is considered as a potential analogue for ‘high-CO2’ future climate scenarios. In this context, the reconstruction of variations in seasonality are as important as changes in mean annual conditions. Here we combine stable oxygen (δ18O) and dual clumped isotope (Δ47 + Δ48) measurements of a bivalve shell to determine sub-annual variations in sea surface temperatures and oceanic freshening in the Paris Basin during the Mid-Eocene Climate Optimum, 40 million years ago. Our reconstruction indicates to high mean annual temperatures with a small seasonal amplitude (33.3 °C ± 4.4 °C) and an enhanced fresh water input during the summer period. Our results implying a substantially warmer climate state with different hydrological conditions for Western Europe during the Eocene than previously suggested by proxy data or climate modelling.
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  • 13
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    A comparison of the atmospheric response to the Weddell Sea Polynya in atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) of varying resolutions (2024)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: The Weddell Sea Polynya (WSP) is a large opening within the sea ice cover of the Weddell Sea sector. It has been a rare event in the satellite period, appearing between 1973 and 1976 and again in 2016/2017. Coupled modelling studies have suggested that there may be a large-scale atmospheric response to the WSP. Here, the direct atmospheric response to the WSP is estimated from atmosphere-only numerical experiments. Three different models, the HadGEM3 UK Met Office model, the ECHAM5 Max Planck Institute model, and the OpenIFS ECMWF model, each at two different resolutions, are used to test the robustness of our results. The use of large ensembles reduces the weather variability and isolates the atmospheric response. Results show a large (∼100-200 Wm-2) turbulent air-sea flux anomaly above the polynya. The response to the WSP is local and of short duration (barely outlasting the WSP) with a similar magnitude and spatial pattern of lower-tropospheric warming and increase in precipitation in all six configurations. All models show a weak decrease in surface pressure over the WSP, but this response is small (∼2 hPa) in comparison to internal variability. The dynamic response is inconsistent between models and resolutions above the boundary layer, suggesting a weak or null response that is covered by internal variability aloft. The higher resolution does not alter the pattern of the response but increases its magnitude by up ∼50% in two of the three models. The response is influenced by natural variability in the westerly jet. The models perform well against ERA5 reanalysis data for the 1974 WSP in spatial response and magnitude, showing a turbulent heat flux of approximately 150 W m-2.
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  • 14
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    Submarine volcanism in the Sicilian Channel revisited (2024)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Highlights • New geophysical data and samples redefine submarine volcanism in Sicilian Channel. • Three dominant bands of volcanism are distinguished. • Ancient, eroded structures aligned at 120° are tied to faulted banks in the north. • Younger band of similarly aligned volcanism in the south is linked to grabens. • Youngest structures comprise small, dispersed volcanoes with distinct orientation. Abstract The origin and role of volcanism in continental rifts remains poorly understood in comparison to other volcano-tectonic settings. The Sicilian Channel (central Mediterranean Sea) is largely floored by continental crust and represents an area affected by pronounced crustal extension and strike-slip tectonism. It hosts a variety of volcanic landforms closely associated with faults, which can be used to better understand the nature and distribution of rift-related volcanism. A paucity of appropriate seafloor data in the Sicilian Channel has led to uncertainties regarding the location, volume, sources and timing of submarine volcanism. To improve on this situation, we use newly acquired geophysical data (multibeam echosounder and magnetic data, sub-bottom profiles) and dredged seafloor samples to: (i) re-assess the evidence for submarine volcanism in the Sicilian Channel and define its spatial pattern, (ii) infer the relative age and style of magmatism, and (iii) relate this to the dominant tectonic structures in the region. Quaternary rift-related volcanism has been focused at Pantelleria and Linosa, at the northwest boundaries of their respective NW-SE trending grabens. Subsidiary and older volcanic sites potentially occur at the Linosa III and Pantelleria SE seamounts, collectively representing the only sites of recent volcanism that can be directly related to the main rift process. These long-lived polygenetic volcanic landforms have been shaped by magmatism that is directly correlated with extensional faulting and buried igneous bodies. Older volcanic landforms, sharing a similar scale and alignment, occur to the north at Nameless Bank and Adventure Bank. These deeply eroded volcanoes have likely been inactive since the Pliocene and are probably related to earlier stages of crustal thinning and underlying feeder structures in the northern region of the Sicilian Channel. Along a similar alignment, Pinne Bank, SE Pinne Bank and Cimotoe in the northern Sicilian Channel lack a surface volcanic signature but are associated with intrusive bodies or deeply buried volcanic rock masses. Terrible Bank, in the same region, also shows evidence of ancient, polygenetic magmatism, but was subject to significant erosion and lacks a prominent alignment. The much younger volcanism at Graham Volcanic Field and along the northern Capo-Granitola-Sciacca Fault Zone differs markedly from that observed in the other study areas. Here, the low-volume and scattered volcanic activity is driven by shallow-water mafic magma eruptions, which gave rise to small individual cones. These sites are associated with large fault structures away from the main rift axis and may have a distinct magmatic origin. Dispersed active fluid venting occurs across both ancient and young volcanic sites in the region and is directly associated with shallow magmatic bodies within tectonically-controlled basins. Our study provides the foundation for an updated tectonic and magmatic framework for the Sicilian Channel, and for future detailed chronological and geochemical assessment of the sources and evolution of magmatic processes in the region.
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  • 15
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    Tropospheric sulfate from Cumbre Vieja (La Palma) observed over Cabo Verde contrasted with background conditions: a lidar case study of aerosol extinction, backscatter, depolarization and lidar ratio profiles at 355, 532 and 1064 nm (2024)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: In September 2021, volcanic aerosol (mainly freshly formed sulfate plumes) originating from the eruption of Cumbre Vieja on La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain, crossed Cabo Verde at altitudes below 2 km. On 24 September 2021, an extraordinary large aerosol optical depth (AOD) close to 1 (daily mean at 500 nm) was observed at Mindelo, Cabo Verde. This event provided favorable conditions to obtain lidar-derived profiles of extinction and backscatter coefficients, lidar ratio, and depolarization ratio at 355, 532 and 1064 nm in the sulfate aerosol plume. A novel feature of the lidar system operated at Mindelo is the availability of extinction, lidar ratio and depolarization measurements at 1064 nm in addition to the standard wavelengths of 355 and 532 nm. Having measurements of these parameters at all three wavelengths is a major advantage for the aerosol characterization and in aerosol typing efforts as the lidar ratio and the particle linear depolarization ratio are key parameters for this purpose. In this article, we present the key results of the lidar observations obtained on one specific day, namely on 24 September 2021 at 04:38-05:57 UTC, including the first ever measurements of the particle extinction coefficient, the lidar ratio and the depolarization ratio at 1064 nm for volcanic sulfate, and discuss the findings in terms of aerosol optical properties and mass concentrations by comparison with a reference observation (16 September 2021) representing the typical background conditions before the start of the eruptions. We found an unusual high particle extinction coefficient of 721 +/- 51, 549 +/- 38 and 178 +/- 13 Mm - 1 , as well as an enhanced lidar ratio of 66.9 +/- 10.1, 60.2 +/- 9.2 and 30.8 +/- 8.7 sr at 355, 532 and 1064 nm, respectively, in the sulfate-dominated planetary boundary layer (PBL). The particle linear depolarization ratio was 〈= 0.9 % at all respective wavelengths. It is the first time that lidar-derived intensive aerosol optical properties could be derived for volcanic sulfate at all three wavelengths, and thus it is a highly valuable data set for global aerosol characterization. The lidar analysis also revealed a sulfate-related AOD of about 0.35 +/- 0.03 at 532 nm of the total PBL-related AOD of 0.43. The rest of the AOD contribution was caused by a lofted Saharan dust layer extending from 1.4 to 5 km and leading to a total AOD of 0.79 at 532 nm. Volcanic ash contribution to the observed aerosol plumes could be mostly excluded based on trajectory analysis and the observed optical properties. Peak mass concentration was 178.5 +/- 44.6 mu g m - 3 in the volcanic-influenced and sulfate-dominated polluted PBL, showing the hazardous potential of such sulfate plumes to significantly worsen local air quality even at remote locations.
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  • 16
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    Deep inflow transport and dispersion in the Gulf of St. Lawrence revealed by a tracer release experiment (2024)
    Nature Research
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: The Gulf of St. Lawrence is increasingly affected by bottom water hypoxia; however, the timescales and pathways of deep water transport remain unclear. Here, we present results from the Deep Tracer Release eXperiment (TReX Deep), during which an inert SF 5 CF 3 tracer was released inshore of Cabot Strait at 279 m depth to investigate deep inflow transport and mixing rates. Dispersion was also assessed via neutrally-buoyant Swish floats. Our findings indicate that the tracer moves inland at 0.5 cm s −1 , with an effective lateral diffusivity of 2 × 10 2 m 2 s −1 over 1 year. Simplified 1D simulations suggest inflow water should reach the estuary head in 1.7 years, with the bulk arriving after 4.7 years. Basin-wide effective vertical diffusivity is around 10 −5 m 2 s −1 over 1 year; however, vertical diffusivity increases near the basin slopes, suggesting that turbulent boundary processes influence mixing. These results are compared to Lagrangian simulations in a regional 3D model to evaluate the capacity to model dispersion in the Gulf.
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  • 17
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    Natural marine bromoform emissions in the fully coupled ocean–atmosphere model NorESM2 (2024)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
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  • 18
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    Investigating the effect of silicate- and calcium-based ocean alkalinity enhancement on diatom silicification (2024)
    Coper
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
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  • 19
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    Late-Pleistocene rejuvenated volcanism and flank collapse deposits on a Cretaceous seamount near El Hierro, Canary Archipelago (2024)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
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  • 20
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    Global Nitrous Oxide Budget 1980–2020 (2024)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a long-lived potent greenhouse gas and stratospheric ozone-depleting substance, which has been accumulating in the atmosphere since the pre-industrial period. The mole fraction of atmospheric N2O has increased by nearly 25 % from 270 parts per billion (ppb) in 1750 to 336 ppb in 2022, with the fastest annual growth rate since 1980 of more than 1.3 ppb yr-1 in both 2020 and 2021. As a core component of our global greenhouse gas assessments coordinated by the Global Carbon Project (GCP), we present a global N2O budget that incorporates both natural and anthropogenic sources and sinks, and accounts for the interactions between nitrogen additions and the biochemical processes that control N2O emissions. We use Bottom-Up (BU: inventory, statistical extrapolation of flux measurements, process-based land and ocean modelling) and Top-Down (TD: atmospheric measurement-based inversion) approaches. We provide a comprehensive quantification of global N2O sources and sinks in 21 natural and anthropogenic categories in 18 regions between 1980 and 2020. We estimate that total annual anthropogenic N2O emissions increased 40 % (or 1.9 Tg N yr-1) in the past four decades (1980–2020). Direct agricultural emissions in 2020, 3.9 Tg N yr−1 (best estimate) represent the large majority of anthropogenic emissions, followed by other direct anthropogenic sources (including ‘Fossil fuel and industry’, ‘Waste and wastewater’, and ‘Biomass burning’ (2.1 Tg N yr−1), and indirect anthropogenic sources (1.3 Tg N yr−1). For the year 2020, our best estimate of total BU emissions for natural and anthropogenic sources was 18.3 (lower-upper bounds: 10.5–27.0) Tg N yr-1, close to our TD estimate of 17.0 (16.6–17.4) Tg N yr-1. For the period 2010–2019, the annual BU decadal-average emissions for natural plus anthropogenic sources were 18.1 (10.4–25.9) Tg N yr-1 and TD emissions were 17.4 (15.8–19.20 Tg N yr-1. The once top emitter Europe has reduced its emissions since the 1980s by 31 % while those of emerging economies have grown, making China the top emitter since the 2010s. The observed atmospheric N2O concentrations in recent years have exceeded projected levels under all scenarios in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), underscoring the urgency to reduce anthropogenic N2O emissions. To evaluate mitigation efforts and contribute to the Global Stocktake of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, we propose establishing a global network for monitoring and modeling N2O from the surface through the stratosphere. The data presented in this work can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.18160/RQ8P-2Z4R (Tian et al. 2023).
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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    Marine habitat mapping (2024)
    European Marine Board
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: EMB Future Science Brief No. 11 ‘Marine habitat mapping’ presents science and policy needs and recommendations to advance next-generation marine habitat mapping. It highlights current methods and future trends in the acquisition of data from the seabed and water column via remote sensing and direct, in situ techniques. It discusses combining data to produce maps using modelling approaches and presents recommendations for adopting fit-for-purpose habitat classification schemes. It also provides an overview of what has been mapped and where within the European sea-basins, highlights the need to increase the quality and resolution of marine habitat maps. It identifies critical gaps in habitat types and geographic extent, including the coastal areas, the deep sea, Natura 2000 sites and other Marine Protected Areas across all regional seas. Finally, it describes the need to improve the assessment and communication of uncertainty and confidence in maps, and to make maps more easily accessible to a variety of stakeholders to increase their value for end-users and to the public for Ocean literacy.
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 22
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    Presenting land surface changes through the web-based Arctic Landscape EXplorer (ALEX) to permafrost communities – A permafrost service (2024)
    In:  EPIC3
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: The EU-funded Arctic PASSION research project focuses on refining, improving and extending pan-Arctic scientific and community-based monitoring systems. The aim is to create a coherent and integrated Arctic observing system, tailored to the needs of the users or stakeholders. Within the project’s Permafrost Service, we are developing a web-based portal, the ‘Arctic Landscape EXplorer’ (ALEX). In this online tool we present data on permafrost region land surface changes derived from remote sensing analysis. Using tailored visualizations and story maps as a means of more effectively communicating scientific observations of change, we specifically address non-scientific user communities, stakeholders, and rights holders in the Arctic.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 23
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    A Third of Organic Carbon Is Mineral Bound in Permafrost Sediments Exposed by the World's Largest Thaw Slump, Batagay, Siberia (2024)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, Wiley, ISSN: 1045-6740
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Organic carbon (OC) in permafrost interacts with the mineral fraction of soil and sediments, representing 〈 1% to ~80% of the total OC pool. Quantifying the nature and controls of mineral-OC interactions is therefore crucial for realistic assessments of permafrost-carbon-climate feedbacks, especially in ice-rich regions facing rapid thaw and the development of thermo-erosion landforms. Here, we analyzed sediment samples from the Batagay megaslump in East Siberia, and we present total element concentrations , mineralogy, and mineral-OC interactions in its different stratigraphic units. Our findings indicate that up to 34 ± 8% of the OC pool interacts with mineral surfaces or elements. Interglacial deposits exhibit enhanced OC-mineral interactions, where OC has undergone greater microbial transformation and has likely low degradability. We provide a first-order estimate of ~12,000 tons of OC mobilized annually downslope of the headwall (i.e., the approximate mass of 30 large aircrafts), with a maximum of 38% interacting with OC via complexation with metals or associations to poorly crystalline iron oxides. These data imply that over one-third of the OC exposed by the slump is not readily available for mineralization, potentially leading to prolonged OC residence time in soil and sediments under stable physicochemical conditions.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 24
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    Socioecological dynamics of diverse global permafrost-agroecosystems under environmental change (2024)
    University of Colorado
    In:  EPIC3Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, 56(1), pp. 2356067-2356067, ISSN: 1523-0430
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Permafrost-agroecosystems include all cultivation and pastoral activities in areas underlain by permafrost. These systems support local livelihoods and food production and are rarely considered in global agricultural studies but may become more relevant as climate change is increasing opportunities for food production in high latitude and mountainous areas. The exact locations and amount of agricultural production in areas containing permafrost are currently unknown, therefore we provide an overview of countries where both permafrost and agricultural activities are present. We highlight the socioecological diversity and complexities of permafrostagroecosystems through seven case studies: (1) crop cultivation in Alaska, USA; (2) Indigenous food systems and crop cultivation in the Northwest Territories, Canada; (3) horse and cattle husbandry and Indigenous hay production in the Sakha Republic, Russia; (4) mobile pastoralism and husbandry in Mongolia; (5) yak pastoralism in the Central Himalaya, Nepal; (6) berry picking and reindeer herding in northern Fennoscandia; and (7) reindeer herding in northwest Russia. We discuss regional knowledge gaps associated with permafrost and make recommendations to policy makers and land users for adapting to changing permafrost environments. A better understanding of permafrost-agroecosystems is needed to help sustainably manage and develop these systems considering rapidly changing climate, environments, economies, and industries.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 25
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    Herbivore diversity effects on Arctic tundra ecosystems: a systematic review (2024)
    Springer Nature
    In:  EPIC3Environmental Evidence, Springer Nature, 13(1), pp. 6-6, ISSN: 2047-2382
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Background: Northern ecosystems are strongly influenced by herbivores that differ in their impacts on the ecosystem. Yet the role of herbivore diversity in shaping the structure and functioning of tundra ecosystems has been overlooked. With climate and land-use changes causing rapid shifts in Arctic species assemblages, a better understanding of the consequences of herbivore diversity changes for tundra ecosystem functioning is urgently needed. This systematic review synthesizes available evidence on the effects of herbivore diversity on different processes, functions, and properties of tundra ecosystems. Methods: Following a published protocol, our systematic review combined primary field studies retrieved from bibliographic databases, search engines and specialist websites that compared tundra ecosystem responses to different levels of vertebrate and invertebrate herbivore diversity. We used the number of functional groups of herbivores (i.e., functional group richness) as a measure of the diversity of the herbivore assemblage. We screened titles, abstracts, and full texts of studies using pre-defined eligibility criteria. We critically appraised the validity of the studies, tested the influence of different moderators, and conducted sensitivity analyses. Quantitative synthesis (i.e., calculation of effect sizes) was performed for ecosystem responses reported by at least five articles and meta-regressions including the effects of potential modifiers for those reported by at least 10 articles. Review findings: The literature searches retrieved 5944 articles. After screening titles, abstracts, and full texts, 201 articles including 3713 studies (i.e., individual comparisons) were deemed relevant for the systematic review, with 2844 of these studies included in quantitative syntheses. The available evidence base on the effects of herbivore diversity on tundra ecosystems is concentrated around well-established research locations and focuses mainly on the impacts of vertebrate herbivores on vegetation. Overall, greater herbivore diversity led to increased abundance of feeding marks by herbivores and soil temperature, and to reduced total abundance of plants, graminoids, forbs, and litter, plant leaf size, plant height, and moss depth, but the effects of herbivore diversity were difficult to tease apart from those of excluding vertebrate herbivores. The effects of different functional groups of herbivores on graminoid and lichen abundance compensated each other, leading to no net effects when herbivore effects were combined. In turn, smaller herbivores and large-bodied herbivores only reduced plant height when occurring together but not when occurring separately. Greater herbivore diversity increased plant diversity in graminoid tundra but not in other habitat types. Conclusions: This systematic review underscores the importance of herbivore diversity in shaping the structure and function of Arctic ecosystems, with different functional groups of herbivores exerting additive or compensatory effects that can be modulated by environmental conditions. Still, many challenges remain to fully understand the complex impacts of herbivore diversity on tundra ecosystems. Future studies should explicitly address the role of herbivore diversity beyond presence-absence, targeting a broader range of ecosystem responses and explicitly including invertebrate herbivores. A better understanding of the role of herbivore diversity will enhance our ability to predict whether and where shifts in herbivore assemblages might mitigate or further amplify the impacts of environmental change on Arctic ecosystems.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 26
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    Multiparametric stations for real-time monitoring and long-term assessment of natural hazards (2024)
    Frontiers SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: The present work would like to illustrate a new concept of multiparametric stations to characterize the crustal fluids-tectonic interaction in specific geological contexts. The dynamics of crustal fluids in relation to tectonics is a complex and sometimes intricate issue. Several factors act and mutually influence themselves, so that in each tectonic and geological context they follow a specific behavior, and a comprehensive cause-effect rule is hard to find. Changes in water chemistry and levels and in soil flux regimes (e.g., CO2, CH4, radon) are just a few examples well documented in the literature as being pre-, co- and post-seismic modifications as well as being markers of the local tectonic stress acting in the crust. A regional study combined with a long-lasting multiparametric monitoring is needed to prepare to a seismic sequence in a given place. The field infrastructure was set up starting from the end of 2021, and multiparametric stations have been installed in correspondence of active seismogenic sources initially located in Northern Italy. Data are transmitted in real-time and archived in an ad hoc developed relational database. Monitoring is mainly focused on groundwater parameters (water level, temperature, and electrical conductivity) of aquifers showing distinct degrees of confinement and lithologies. Sites are also equipped of meteorological sensors (pressure, temperature, rain, humidity, wind speed and direction), radon sensors and surface and borehole seismic stations providing accelerometric and velocimetric data. A mud volcano field is also monitored and holds the installation of a permanent CO2 soil flux station. A statistical analysis working flow is also proposed for a preliminary evaluation of the acquired time-series. In particular, a couple of tools to detect, and thus filter, anthropogenic and meteorological effects on a groundwater level series is described. We wish to provide a model of approach to analogous study cases in other potentially seismic areas.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1412900
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: crustal fluids ; seismicity ; hydrogeochemistry ; groundwater monitoring ; radon ; borehole seismic station ; CO2 flux
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 27
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    Two new Kongsbergia species from the Western Himalaya with a key to the species of the genus from India (Acari: Hydrachnidia, Aturidae) (2024)
    Institute for Biodiversity and Ecology
    In:  Ecologica Montenegrina vol. 74, pp. 1-8
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: In this paper, two species of the water mite genus Kongsbergia Thor, 1899 (Aturidae), i.e., K. uttarakhandensis Pešić & Smit n. sp. and K. tuzovskiji Pešić & Smit n. sp. are described from streams in Uttarakhand State of India. The latter species was named after late Dr Petr Tuzovskij for his outstanding contribution to the research of water mites.
    Keywords: Acari ; water mites ; taxonomy ; Himalayas ; new species ; streams
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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    Maesa brevipedicellata (Primulaceae), a new species from Papua New Guinea (2020)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 65 no. 1, pp. 83-85
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Maesa brevipedicellata, a new species of Maesa (Primulaceae-Maesoideae) from Papua New Guinea, is described and illustrated based on herbarium specimen observations. The collections of this species resemble M. rufovillosa and were previously determined as that species. Maesa brevipedicellata is unique with its selfsupporting habit, hispid hairs throughout and paniculate inflorescences with very short pedicels. This new species mainly differs from M. rufovillosa by the habit (tree/shrub in M. brevipedicellata vs climber in M. rufovillosa) and the inflorescence structure (panicles in M. brevipedicellata vs simple racemes in M. rufovillosa).
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Ericales ; Maesa ; Malesia ; Myrsinaceae ; new species ; Papuasia ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    A new and unusual species of Dichaea (Orchidaceae: Zygopetalinae) from Costa Rica (2020)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 65 no. 1, pp. 61-64
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: A new and florally unusual species of the genus Dichaea is described and illustrated from Costa Rica, where it is apparently endemic, and its relationships are discussed. Dichaea auriculata is compared with the group of species close to D. graminoides, from which it can be distinguished by the lip with a long isthmus, provided with two rounded auricles at the base, instead of the sessile lip typical of the group. It is also compared with another Costa Rican endemic in the same complex, D. gracillima, from which it can be distinguished by the autogamous, mostly cleistogamous, flowers, the 3-lobed lip with rounded basal lobes, the high keel along the lip isthmus, and the bifid ligule of the column. Notes on the habitat and the ecology of the new species are provided.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; autogamy ; Dichaeopsis ; Flora of Costa Rica ; new species ; plant diversity ; section Pseudodichaea
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 30
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    KOSMOS 2021 Gran Canaria mesocosm study on ocean alkalinity enhancement: sediment trap particle flux data and water column biogeochemistry (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: The data presented herein originates from a mesocosm study conducted as part of the EU H2020 OceanNETs project, aimed at investigating the ecological ramifications of ocean alkalinity enhancement. Nine mesocosms were deployed in Taliarte Harbour, Gran Canaria, Spain, and systematically sampled using integrated water samplers over the period spanning from September 10th to October 25th, 2021. Alkalinity was employed in a gradient design, ranging from ambient (0 µeq kg-1 added alkalinity, OAE0) to elevated levels of 2400 µeq kg-1 additional alkalinity (OAE2400) in increments of 300 µeq kg-1. The dataset encompasses a spectrum of sediment trap particle flux data, water column biogeochemistry variables, including inorganic nutrients, carbonate chemistry parameters, and particulate matter, alongside chlorophyll a concentrations. The study and data set offer insights into impacts of alkalinity enhancement on marine ecosystems and their associated biogeochemistry.
    Keywords: carbon sequestration; export flux; mesocosm study; ocean alkalinity enhancement; Ocean-based Negative Emission Technologies; OceanNETs; particle properties; remineralization rate
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    Format: application/zip, 12 datasets
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  • 31
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    Meridional and Cross-Shelf Variability of N2O and CH4 in the Eastern-South Atlantic (ESA) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Upward transport and/or mixing of trace gas-enriched subsurface waters fosters the exchange of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) with the atmosphere in the Eastern-South Atlantic (ESA). To date, it is, however, unclear whether this source is maintained by local production or advection of trace-gas enriched water masses. So, the meridional and zonal variability of N2O and CH4 in the ESA were investigated to constrain the contributions of the major regional water masses to the overall budget of N2O and CH4. The fieldwork took place during the cruises M99 (July 31st - August 23rd, 2013) and M120 (October 17th - November 18th, 2015) onboard the R/V METEOR, which encompassed close-coastal and open ocean regions off Angola and Namibia. To investigate the regional concentration gradients of N2O and CH4 and corresponding sea-air fluxes, seven hydrographic sections (six zonal transects and one alongshore transect) were conducted between ~10°S and 26°S. Concentrations of dissolved N2O and CH4 in surface waters were continuously measured by using the Mobile Equilibrator Sensor System. To evaluate, the oceanic-atmospheric trace gas exchange, the atmospheric N2O and CH4 in ambient air were measured at several sporadic locations, with an inlet installed at 35 m height. The data were quality controlled by comparing with the data generated by NOAA in the nearest atmospheric sampling station (23.58° S, 15.03°E, Station NMB (Gobabeb, Namibia)). Also, to better understand the underlying patterns of the trace gas in the ESA, the vertical profiles were investigated by measuring discrete samples of N2O using the dynamic headspace method on M99. N2O and CH4 concentrations were also measured using a purge and trap system during M120 expedition.
    Keywords: Eastern Boundary Upwelling Syetms; Enhancing Prediction of Tropical Atlantic Climate and its Impact; Methane; nitrous oxide; PREFACE; SACUS/SACUS-II; Southwest African Coastal Upwelling System and Benguela Niños; trace gases
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    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 32
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    Energy content measurements on Arctic zooplankton collected during MOSAiC (PS122) (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This dataset contains energy content measurements performed on zooplankton collected in the Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from November 2019 untill September 2020. Energy content measurements were done on Apherusa glacialis, Themisto abyssorum, Chaetognatha, Thysanoessa longicaudata and Calanus hyperboreus. These species are all known prey of polar cod (Boreogadus saida), and their energy content was measured to be included in a bioenergetic model of the growth rate of this predator and to gain insight in the differences between prey species. The meaurements were performed on freeze-dried specimens using a 6725 semi-micro oxygen calorimeter (Parr, USA) connected to a 6772 calorimetric thermometer (Parr, USA).
    Keywords: Arctic; Arctic Ocean; BEAST; bomb-calorimetry; energy density; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Nansen closing net; NN; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_7-48; PS122/1_7-81; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-40; PS122/2_17-77; PS122/2_18-33; PS122/2_19-16; PS122/2_19-31; PS122/2_20-11; PS122/2_20-16; PS122/2_20-24; PS122/2_21-42; PS122/2_22-24; PS122/3; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-62; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_39-38; PS122/3_39-55; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-75; PS122/4_45-32; PS122/4_45-55; PS122/4_46-41; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_49-21; PS122/5; PS122/5_61-196; PS122/5_62-90; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Ring net; RN; Zooplankton
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    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 33
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    Physical oceanography from glider mission IFM02_depl23 (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: The glider was deployed from R/V METEOR cruise M120 (17.10.-18.11. 2015) as part of a group of 4 gliders. The gliders mission was related to the PREFACE project "Enhancing prediction of tropical Atlantic climate and its impacts" (http://preface.b.uib.no) funded by the European Union within the 7th Framework programme. PREFACE is combining European and African expertise in observations, modelling, and marine ecosystems to improve our understanding and capabilities to predict Tropical Atlantic climate and its impacts. The specific objectives of the gliders mission were related to work package (WP) 3 and 4 of the project. In WP 3, the Glider data contributed to determining seasonal and interannual variability of the mixed layer heat and fresh water budgets by quantifying air-sea fluxes and diapycnal, isopycnal and advective heat and freshwater fluxes in the eastern boundary upwelling systems and the Gulf of Guinea. In WP 4, the Gilder data contributed to monitoring variability along the southern hemisphere coastal wave guide.
    Keywords: Enhancing Prediction of Tropical Atlantic Climate and its Impact; GLD; Glider; ifm02_depl23; M120; M120_1048-1; Meteor (1986); PREFACE
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  • 34
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    Physical oceanography from glider mission IFM09_depl06 (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: The glider was deployed from R/V METEOR cruise M120 (17.10.-18.11. 2015) as part of a group of 4 gliders. The gliders mission was related to the PREFACE project "Enhancing prediction of tropical Atlantic climate and its impacts" (http://preface.b.uib.no) funded by the European Union within the 7th Framework programme. PREFACE is combining European and African expertise in observations, modelling, and marine ecosystems to improve our understanding and capabilities to predict Tropical Atlantic climate and its impacts. The specific objectives of the gliders mission were related to work package (WP) 3 and 4 of the project. In WP 3, the Glider data contributed to determining seasonal and interannual variability of the mixed layer heat and fresh water budgets by quantifying air-sea fluxes and diapycnal, isopycnal and advective heat and freshwater fluxes in the eastern boundary upwelling systems and the Gulf of Guinea. In WP 4, the Gilder data contributed to monitoring variability along the southern hemisphere coastal wave guide.
    Keywords: Enhancing Prediction of Tropical Atlantic Climate and its Impact; GLD; Glider; ifm09_depl06; M120; M120_1139-1; Meteor (1986); PREFACE
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    Format: application/gzip, 17.9 MBytes
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  • 35
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    Physical oceanography from glider mission IFM13_depl03 (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: The glider was deployed from R/V METEOR cruise M120 (17.10.-18.11. 2015) as part of a group of 4 gliders. The gliders mission was related to the PREFACE project "Enhancing prediction of tropical Atlantic climate and its impacts" (http://preface.b.uib.no) funded by the European Union within the 7th Framework programme. PREFACE is combining European and African expertise in observations, modelling, and marine ecosystems to improve our understanding and capabilities to predict Tropical Atlantic climate and its impacts. The specific objectives of the gliders mission were related to work package (WP) 3 and 4 of the project. In WP 3, the Glider data contributed to determining seasonal and interannual variability of the mixed layer heat and fresh water budgets by quantifying air-sea fluxes and diapycnal, isopycnal and advective heat and freshwater fluxes in the eastern boundary upwelling systems and the Gulf of Guinea. In WP 4, the Gilder data contributed to monitoring variability along the southern hemisphere coastal wave guide.
    Keywords: Enhancing Prediction of Tropical Atlantic Climate and its Impact; GLD; Glider; ifm13_depl03; M120; M120_1005-1; Meteor (1986); PREFACE
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    Format: application/gzip, 15.5 MBytes
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  • 36
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    Ge/Si and Si isotopes in thermal waters and rivers draining the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field, USA (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field, USA: Ge concentrations measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Si concentrations measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), Ge/Si ratio, Si isotope compositions (d30Si and standard deviation SD) measured by Multicollector ICP-MS, concentrations in Ca, Na, Mg, K measured by ICP-OES, and concentrations in SO4 and Cl measured by ion chromatography in thermal waters, major rivers draining the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field, and creeks flowing into Yellowstone Lake.
    Keywords: Arnica_Creek_1; Arnica_Creek_2; Big_Thumb_Creek_1; Big_Thumb_Creek_2; Black_Sand_Pool; Bridge_Creek_1; Bridge_Creek_2; Calcium; Calculated, see abstract; Chinese_Spring; Chloride; Country; Crested_Pool; DATE/TIME; Dome_Geyser; East_Chinaman_Pool; Event label; Fall_River_1; Fall_River_2; Firehole_River_1; Firehole_River_2; Firehole_River_3; Firehole_River_4; Gardner_River_1; Gardner_River_2; Ge/Si; Germanium; Germanium/Silicon ratio; Gibbon_River_1; Gibbon_River_2; hydrothermal; ICP-OES, Inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry; Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Ion chromatography; LATITUDE; Little_Thumb_Creek_1; Little_Thumb_Creek_2; Location; LONGITUDE; Madison_River_1; Madison_River_2; Magnesium; Multicollector mass spectrometry; Pelican_Creek_1; Pelican_Creek_2; Potassium; Project; Punch_Bowl_Spring; Sample code/label; Sample method; Sedge_Creek_1; Sedge_Creek_2; Silicon; Silicon isotopes; Snake_River_1; Snake_River_2; Sodium; Sulfate; Sulphide_Spring; Type; USA; Weathering; Yellowstone; Yellowstone_River_1; Yellowstone_River_2; Yellowstone_River_3; Yellowstone_River_4; δ30Si; δ30Si, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 584 data points
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  • 37
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    Data product of full-depth current velocity observations at 0°N, 23°W from 2001-2021 (v1.0) (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Since 2001, current velocities have been measured continuously as part of a multilateral collaboration, the Prediction and Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic (PIRATA), that regularly services a moored observatory located at 0°N, 23°W. Here, we present 20 years of full-depth current velocity observations at 0°N, 23°W. With the presented current velocity data product, we aim to provide an important and accessible reference data set against which models and reanalysis output could be validated. The velocity time series will also be helpful for studies focusing on long-term climate variability to search for connections with changes in the equatorial circulation over the last 20 years. Earlier versions of this data product have already been used in a variety of studies and provided a significant contribution to an overall improved understanding of equatorial ocean dynamics. The moored observatory at 0°N, 23°W is an ongoing example of a successful multinational collaboration extending over more than two decades.
    Keywords: Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; Enhancing Prediction of Tropical Atlantic Climate and its Impact; Equatorial Atlantic; Physical oceanographic data; PIRATA; Prediction and Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic; PREFACE; RACE; Regional Atlantic Circulation and global Change; SFB754; TRIATLAS; Tropical and South Atlantic climate-based marine ecosystem predictions for sustainable management
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 23 datasets
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  • 38
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    The lowland stream monitoring dataset (KgM, Kleingewässer-Monitoring) 2018, 2019 (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Plant protection products in the environment are partly responsible for the progressive loss of biodiversity. The mostly insufficient ecological status of surface waters is often explained by habitat degradation and excessive nutrient input. But what role do plant protection products play in this context? The Kleingewässermonitoring (KgM) project provides a worldwide unique quantitative assessment of the impact of pesticides from diffuse agricultural sources on small and medium-sized streams. The dataset comprises 124 monitoring stream sections all over Germany covering a wide pollution gradient where consistent measurements were carried out in 2018 and 2019 during the major pesticide application period from April to July. These measurements include event-driven sampling to record surface rainfall-induced short-term peak concentrations in addition to regular grab sampling of pesticides and a wide range of other pollutants resulting in more than 1,000 water samples. All further relevant anthropogenic and environmental parameters reigning ecological stream quality were recorded comprehensively (morphological and stream bed structure, temperature, flow velocity, dissolved oxygen, pH, catchment land use, stream profile). The dataset also contains effect monitoring data featuring sampled invertebrate communities and bioassay analyses of water samples. The data enables an assessment of pesticide exposure and related effects as well as the analysis of complex causal relationships in streams.
    Keywords: Germany; KgM; KgM_2018; KgM_2019; Kleingewässermonitoring; MULT; Multiple investigations
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 52.3 MBytes
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  • 39
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    Memoryless drop breakup in turbulence (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: The breakup of drops and bubbles in turbulent fluids is a key mechanism in many environmental and engineering processes. Even in the well-studied dilute case, quantitative descriptions of drop fragmentation remain elusive and empirical models continue to proliferate. We here investigate drop breakup by leveraging a novel computer code, which enables the generation of ensembles of experiments with thousands of independent, fully-resolved simulations. We show that in homogeneous isotropic turbulence breakup is a memoryless process whose rate depends only on the Weber number. A simple model based on the computed breakup rates can accurately predict experimental measurements and demonstrates that dilute emulsions evolve through a continuous fragmentation process with exponentially increasing time scales. Our results suggest a non-vanishing breakup rate below the critical Kolmogorov-Hinze diameter, challenging the current paradigm of inertial drop fragmentation.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); Description; direct numerical simulation; drop breakup; emulsions; Figure; File format; File name; multiphase flows; Numerical simulated; phase-field models; Title; turbulence; Variable
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 60 data points
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  • 40
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    Master track of SONNE cruise SO292 in 1 sec resolution (zipped, 17.0 MB) (2022)
    PANGAEA
    In:  University of Hamburg, Germany
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Raw data acquired by position sensors on board RV SONNE during expedition SO292 were processed to receive a validated master track which can be used as reference of further expedition data. During SO292 the motion reference unit Kongsberg SeaTex AS MRU-5 combined with Kongsberg SeaTex AS Seapath 320 and two GPS receivers SAAB MGL-4 were used as navigation sensors. Data were downloaded from DAVIS SHIP data base (https://dship.bsh.de) with a resolution of 1 sec. Processing and evaluation of the data is outlined in the data processing report. Processed data are provided as a master track with 1 sec resolution derived from the position sensors' data selected by priority and a generalized track with a reduced set of the most significant positions of the master track.
    Keywords: 1 sec resolution; CT; DAM_Underway; DAM Underway Research Data; ICECARB; SO292; SO292-track; Sonne_2; Underway cruise track measurements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 17.1 MBytes
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  • 41
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    Hydrochemistry of water samples in the northern Benguela during METEOR expedition M120 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: We present data on distribution of inorganic nitrogen compounds including nitrate (NO2-) and nitrite (NO3-) in the northern Benguela and the Angola-Benguela Front regions between 10°S and 23°S. The fieldwork took place during the cruise No. M120 (Oct. 17th – Nov. 18th, 2015) onboard the R/V METEOR, which encompassed close-coastal and open ocean regions off Angola and Namibia. All nutrient samples were retrieved with the ship's CTD rosette (SBE 9+). Immediately after sampling, a volume of about 40 ml of each sample was filtered through a disposable syringe filter (CA, 0.45 µm) and filled in a pre-rinsed 50 ml PE bottle. The bottles were securely closed and kept frozen at -20°C until further analysis. The concentrations of nutrients were determined photometrically with a Skalar San++ Autoanalyzer following the procedures detailed in Grasshoff et al. (1999). For the quality control, a reference standard was also measured at regular intervals.
    Keywords: CTD/Rosette; CTD 100; CTD 102; CTD 104; CTD 105; CTD 106; CTD 107; CTD 108; CTD 109; CTD 110; CTD 111; CTD 112; CTD 113; CTD 16; CTD 17; CTD 22; CTD 46; CTD 49; CTD 54; CTD 55; CTD 56; CTD 57; CTD 58; CTD 59; CTD 60; CTD 62; CTD 63; CTD 64; CTD 67; CTD 68; CTD 69; CTD 70; CTD 71; CTD 72; CTD 73; CTD 91; CTD 96; CTD 97; CTD 98; CTD-RO; Date/Time of event; Depth, bathymetric; DEPTH, water; Enhancing Prediction of Tropical Atlantic Climate and its Impact; Event label; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; M120; M120_0922-1; M120_0924-1; M120_0936-1; M120_0989-1; M120_0995-1; M120_1006-1; M120_1009-1; M120_1012-1; M120_1015-1; M120_1018-1; M120_1021-1; M120_1024-1; M120_1031-1; M120_1033-1; M120_1035-1; M120_1041-1; M120_1043-1; M120_1047-1; M120_1050-1; M120_1052-1; M120_1054-1; M120_1056-1; M120_1096-1; M120_1109-1; M120_1111-1; M120_1113-1; M120_1117-1; M120_1121-1; M120_1125-1; M120_1128-1; M120_1131-1; M120_1133-1; M120_1137-1; M120_1138-1; M120_1140-1; M120_1142-1; M120_1144-1; M120_1146-1; Meteor (1986); Nitrate; Nitrate and Nitrite; Nitrite; Oxygen; PREFACE; SACUS/SACUS-II; Salinity; Southwest African Coastal Upwelling System and Benguela Niños; Station label; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1848 data points
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  • 42
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    Master tracks in different resolutions of SONNE cruise SO292, Noumea - Noumea, 2022-05-14 - 2022-06-20 (2022)
    PANGAEA
    In:  University of Hamburg, Germany
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Raw data acquired by position sensors on board RV SONNE during expedition SO292 were processed to receive a validated master track which can be used as reference of further expedition data. During SO292 the motion reference unit Kongsberg SeaTex AS MRU-5 combined with Kongsberg SeaTex AS Seapath 320 and two GPS receivers SAAB MGL-4 were used as navigation sensors. Data were downloaded from DAVIS SHIP data base (https://dship.bsh.de) with a resolution of 1 sec. Processing and evaluation of the data is outlined in the data processing report. Processed data are provided as a master track with 1 sec resolution derived from the position sensors' data selected by priority and a generalized track with a reduced set of the most significant positions of the master track.
    Keywords: Calculated; Course; CT; DAM_Underway; DAM Underway Research Data; DATE/TIME; ICECARB; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; SO292; SO292-track; Sonne_2; Speed; Underway cruise track measurements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10634 data points
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  • 43
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    KOSMOS 2020 Peru mesocosm study on ecosystem responses to different light and upwelling intensities: carbon and nitrogen uptake rates from water samples (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This data is part of the BMBF project CUSCO (Coastal Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean). Here we report carbon and nitrogen uptake rates by phytoplankton collected during a 35-day experiment where we enclosed natural plankton communities in in-situ mesocosms off Peru. The experiment investigated the interactive effects of light and upwelling on the Humboldt upwelling ecosystem by mimicking a gradient of upwelling intensities (0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60%) under summer-time high light and winter-time low light. Integrated seawater samples from a depth between 0 and 10m were collected using a 5L Integrating Water sampler (IWS; Hydro-Bios, Kiel). Samples were spiked with 13C labelled sodium bicarbonate and 15N labelled potassium nitrate. Samples were incubated for 24 hours at light intensities that resemble the light conditions in the mesocosms. After incubation a subsample (150-1000 ml) was filtered onto a 0.7 µm pre-combusted glass-fiber filters (GFF, Whatmann). The filters were acidified, then dried in the oven at 60 °C and later measured using an elemental analyzer (Flash IRMS, ThermoFisher) connected to a mass spectrometer (Delta V Advantage Isotope Ratio MS, ThermoFisher) with the ConFlo IV (ThermoFisher). Carbon and nitrogen uptake rates were calculated based on Slawyk et al. (1977, DOI:10.4319/lo.1977.22.5.0925) and Shiozaki et al. (2009, DOI:10.3354/meps07837) respectively.
    Keywords: AQUACOSM; Atom percent, 13C; Atom percent, 15N; Calculated; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon/Nitrogen uptake ratio; carbon uptake; Carbon uptake rate; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Delta V Advantage Isotope Ratio Mass spectrometer with ConFlo IV interface (ThermoFisher); Depth, water, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, water, experiment, top/minimum; Event label; Field experiment; Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2020; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M10; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS Peru; light limitation; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; mesocosm study; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Nitrogen uptake rate; nutrient uptake; Peru; Treatment; Treatment: light condition; Type of study; Upwelling
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2168 data points
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  • 44
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    Das Wahlverhalten der Deutschen mit Migrationshintergrund, qualitative Phase. Transkripte der Fokusgruppeninterviews (2020)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Qualiservice
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: DE: Dieser Datensatz besteht aus den Transkripten von vier Fokusgruppeninterviews der Migrantenwahlstudie. Ziel des Projektes war es, für die Bundestagswahl 2017 die erste deutsche Wahlstudie unter deutschen Staatsbürger/innen mit Migrationshintergrund durchzuführen, d.h. unter solchen Personen, die entweder selbst nach Deutschland immigriert sind oder die mindestens einen Elternteil mit eigener Migrationserfahrung haben. Die Migrantenwahlstudie umfasst eine qualitative und eine quantitative Phase. Ziel der ersten qualitativen Phase (Oktober 2016 bis Juli 2017) war der explorative Zugang zur Themen- und Kandidatenorientierung von Migrant/innen, um die Ergebnisse für eine Publikation sowie die Fragebogenentwicklung der quantitativen Phase zu nutzen: Welche Themenfelder werden als wichtig erachtet? Welche Vorstellung von Links-Rechts gibt es? Welche Kandidateneigenschaften sind besonders relevant? Wie stark ist die Bindung an das Herkunftsland? Als Methode haben wir dabei auf Gruppendiskussionen mit Russlanddeutschen zurückgegriffen, die in Duisburg und Köln durchgeführt wurden. Dabei haben wir mit etwa 5-6 Teilnehmer/innen jeweils knapp zwei Stunden lang diskutiert. Die Forschungsdaten der quantitativen Phase wurden beim Forschungsdatenzentrum GESIS archiviert. EN: This dataset is composed of the transcripts of four focus group interviews for the Immigrant German Election Study. The project aims to conduct the first Immigrant German Election Study for the federal election in 2017, targeting German citizens with an immigrant background, i.e. people who either migrated to Germany themselves (first generation) or have at least one parent who was born in another country (second generation). The Immigrant German Election Study encompasses a qualitative and a quantitative phase. The first qualitative stage of the project (October 2016 until July 2017) explored the issue and candidate orientations of migrants. The results were used for a publication as well as for the development of the questionnaire for the quantitative stage. The core questions are: Which political issues are classified as important to all Germans/all migrants from the same group? What political issues do Germans of immigrant origin perceive as "left" and "right"? What are the identity contents that Germans of migrant origin associate with being German? We used focus group interviews as the research method in the Duisburg/Cologne area that consisted of 5-6 participants each and lasted for about 90 minutes.The research data originating from the quantitative phase have been archived at GESIS Data Archive.
    Keywords: Age, social sciences; Das Wahlverhalten von Deutschen mit Migrationshintergrund; Data collection date; Data collection location; Data ID; File name; Fokusgruppeninterview; General data format; Germany, North Rhine-Westphalia; IMGES; IMGESQ; Interview. Fokusgruppeninterview; Language; Number of participants
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 40 data points
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  • 45
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    KOSMOS 2020 Peru mesocosm study on ecosystem responses to different light and upwelling intensities: biogenic silica concentrations from water samples (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This data is part of the BMBF project CUSCO (Coastal Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean). Here we report biogenic Silica concentrations in the watercolumn collected during a 35-day experiment, where we enclosed natural plankton communities in in-situ mesocosms off Peru. The experiment investigated the interactive effects of light and upwelling on the Humboldt upwelling ecosystem by mimicking a gradient of upwelling intensities (0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60%) under summer-time high light and winter-time low light. Integrated seawater samples from a depth between 0 and 10m were collected using a 5L Integrating Water sampler (IWS; Hydro-Bios, Kiel). Samples (0.15-1L) were filtered onto polycarbonate filters (0.65 µm pore size, Whatman). The filters were then dried in the oven at 60 °C for 24 hours and measured following a modified procedure by DeMaster (1981, doi:10.1016/0016-7037(81)90006-5). A standard water bath (Fisher Scientific Isotemp Water Bath, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, US) was used to digest BSi samples at 85°C. The BSi analysis was carried out with a 4.5-hour time course alkaline digestion (0.1N Na2CO3) to dissolve the BSi followed by a 48 hour HF acid digestion (2.0M) to release the remaining lithogenic silica (LSi). Spectrophotometric analysis of the solubilized silica was done using a Thermo Scientific Genesys 10 UV- VIS Spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, US). Model I linear regression was performed to calculate the concentrations of BSi while accounting for the amount of LSi that leached out during the alkaline digestion. Due to restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic BSi data is only available for day 1 until day 17 and for day 31 until day 35.
    Keywords: AQUACOSM; biogenic silica; Biogenic silica; Biogenic silica, standard deviation; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Depth, water, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, water, experiment, top/minimum; Event label; Field experiment; Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2020; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M10; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS Peru; light limitation; Lithogenic silica; MESO; mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Spectrophotometer UV/VIS, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Genesys 10; Treatment; Treatment: light condition; Type of study; Upwelling
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1536 data points
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  • 46
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    KOSMOS 2020 Peru mesocosm study on ecosystem responses to different light and upwelling intensities: HPLC pigment concentrations and phytoplankton community composition based on CHEMTAX analysis of water samples (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This data is part of the BMBF project CUSCO (Coastal Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean). Here we report pigment concentrations and the phytoplankton community composition based on CHEMTAX analysis during a 35-day experiment, where we enclosed natural plankton communities in in-situ mesocosms off Peru. The experiment investigated the interactive effects of light and upwelling on the Humboldt upwelling ecosystem by mimicking a gradient of upwelling intensities (0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60%) under summer-time high light and winter-time low light. Integrated seawater samples from a depth between 0 and 10m were collected using a 5L Integrating Water sampler (IWS; Hydro-Bios, Kiel). To obtain pigment concentrations 0.15 – 1L of water sampled from the water column were filtered onto glass-fiber filters (precombusted at 450°C for 6h, GFF, 0.7 µm nominal pore size, Whatman) using a low vacuum of 200 mbar. Afterwards the filters were stored in cryovials at -80°C until analysis of photosynthetic pigments using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) following (Barlow et al., 1997; doi:10.3354/meps161303) as described by (Paul et al., 2015; doi:10.5194/bg-19-5911-2022). The phytoplankton community composition was calculated with CHEMTAX, which classifies phytoplankton taxa based upon taxon-specific pigment ratios (Mackey et al., 1996; doi:10.3354/meps144265). The values for the Peruvian upwelling system determined by (DiTullio et al., 2005; doi:10.4319/LO.2005.50.6.1887) as described by (Meyer et al., 2017; doi:10.3389/fmars.2017.00001) were used as pigment ratios. As phytoplankton microscopy revealed high abundances of the raphydophite Fibrocapsa japonica, the initial pigment matrix was complemented by ratios for F. japonica from (Laza-Martinez et al., 2007; doi:10.1093/plankt/fbm069) from the Atlantic.
    Keywords: 19-Butanoyloxyfucoxanthin; 19-Hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin; Alloxanthin; AQUACOSM; Chemtax; Chlorophyll a; Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyta; Chlorophyll a, Coccolithophores; Chlorophyll a, Cryptophyta; Chlorophyll a, Diatoms; Chlorophyll a, Dinoflagellata; Chlorophyll a, Fibrocapsa japonica; Chlorophyll a, Pelagophytes; Chlorophyll a, Phaeocystis; Chlorophyll a, Prasinophyta; Chlorophyll a, Synechococcus spp.; Chlorophyll b; Chlorophyll c3; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Depth, water, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, water, experiment, top/minimum; Event label; Field experiment; Fucoxanthin; HPLC/CHEMTAX (Mackey et al. 1996); HPLC pigments; KOSMOS_2020; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M10; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS Peru; light limitation; Lutein; MESO; mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Neoxanthin; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Peridinin; Phytoplankton composition; Prasinoxanthin; Treatment; Treatment: light condition; Type of study; Upwelling; Violaxanthin; Zeaxanthin
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5484 data points
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  • 47
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    KOSMOS 2020 Peru mesocosm study on ecosystem responses to different light and upwelling intensities: CTD data (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This data is part of the BMBF project CUSCO (Coastal Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean). Here we report the environmental conditions during a 35-day experiment, where we enclosed natural plankton communities in in-situ mesocosms off Peru. The experiment investigated the interactive effects of light and upwelling on the Humboldt upwelling ecosystem by mimicking a gradient of upwelling intensities (0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60%) under summer-time high light and winter-time low light. CTD casts were taken between 0 and 12.5m with a CTD167M sensor system (Sea&Sun Technology, Trappenkamp, Germany) to generate depth profiles of conductivity, salinity, density, pH, temperature and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) as well as oxygen, hydrogen sulphide and Chla concentrations (sensors described in (Schulz and Riebesell, 2013; Bach et al., 2016; doi:10.1007/s00227-012-1965-y, doi:10.1002/2016GB005372). The water sampling and CTD casts of the Pacific took place in the mesocosm field.
    Keywords: Battery, voltage; Chlorophyll a; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; Conductivity; CTD profile; CUSCO; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Density, sigma-theta (0); DEPTH, water; Event label; Field experiment; Hand-operated CTD (Sea&Sun Technology, CTD 167M); Hydrogen sulfide; Identification; KOSMOS_2020; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M10; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS Peru; light limitation; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; mesocosm study; Oxygen, dissolved; Oxygen saturation; pH; Pressure, water; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Salinity; Temperature, water; Treatment; Treatment: light condition; Type of study; Upwelling
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2505891 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 48
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    KOSMOS 2020 Peru mesocosm study on ecosystem responses to different light and upwelling intensities: dissolved inorganic carbon concentration and total alkalinity of water samples (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This data is part of the BMBF project CUSCO (Coastal Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean). Here we report the dissolved inorganic carbon concentration and total alkalinity during a 35-day experiment, where we enclosed natural plankton communities in in-situ mesocosms off Peru. The experiment investigated the interactive effects of light and upwelling on the Humboldt upwelling ecosystem by mimicking a gradient of upwelling intensities (0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60%) under summer-time high light and winter-time low light. Integrated seawater samples from a depth between 0 and 10m were collected using a 5L Integrating Water sampler (IWS; Hydro-Bios, Kiel). Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) samples were obtained by 0.2µm gentle pressure filtration, poisoned with saturated 7.5 % mercury chloride (HgCl2) solution and frozen at -20°C until measurement. Samples for Total Alkalinity (TA) were measured by means of potentiometric titration with 0.05 M HCl using an automated titration device (862 Metrohm Compact Titrosampler). All DIC samples taken until day 17 were measured using an Automated Infra-Red Inorganic Carbon Analyzer (AIRICA) with a LICOR detector (LI-7000 CO2/H20 Analyzer, MARIANDA, Kiel). Certified reference material (Dickson standard for oceanic CO2 Measurements - CRM Batch 142 with salinity = 33.389 and DIC = 2038,07 µmol/kg) was measured and used to correct measured sample values. Additional DIC samples were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the 13C signal. The data of the GC-MS was adjusted to the AIRICA data using a linear transformation. Missing days were filled using an average of the day before and after.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; AQUACOSM; Automated Infra Red Inorganic Carbon Analyzer (AIRICA), MARIANDA; with a LICOR detector (LI-7000 CO2/H2O Analyzer); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; Comment; CUSCO; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Depth, water, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, water, experiment, top/minimum; DIC; Event label; Field experiment; Gas chromatography - Mass spectrometry (GC-MS); Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2020; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M10; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS Peru; light limitation; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; mesocosm study; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Potentiometric titration, Metrohm 862 Compact Titrosampler; TA alkalinity; Treatment; Treatment: light condition; Type of study; Upwelling
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1761 data points
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  • 49
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    KOSMOS 2020 Peru mesocosm study on ecosystem responses to different light and upwelling intensities: dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen concentrations of water samples (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This data is part of the BMBF project CUSCO (Coastal Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean). Here we report the dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen concentrations during a 35-day experiment, where we enclosed natural plankton communities in in-situ mesocosms off Peru. The experiment investigated the interactive effects of light and upwelling on the Humboldt upwelling ecosystem by mimicking a gradient of upwelling intensities (0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60%) under summer-time high light and winter-time low light. Integrated seawater samples from a depth between 0 and 10m were collected using a 5L Integrating Water sampler (IWS; Hydro-Bios, Kiel). Sub-samples (60 mL) were syringe filtered through two pre-combusted glass fiber filters (5 h, 450 °C). To reduce clogging, one 3.1 µm GMF filter was placed on top of a 0.7 µm GFF filter. The filtrate was acidified to pH 2 with 25% HCl before storing at -20°C until analysis. The DOC and TDN concentrations were measured using a TOC-VCPH analyser (Shimadzu). Instrument accuracy was evaluated by comparison against a deep Atlantic seawater reference (Consensus Reference Material project: D. Hansell, University of Miami, USA).
    Keywords: AQUACOSM; Carbon, organic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, dissolved, standard deviation; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Depth, water, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, water, experiment, top/minimum; DOC; Event label; Field experiment; Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2020; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M10; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS Peru; light limitation; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; mesocosm study; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Nitrogen, total dissolved; Nitrogen, total dissolved, standard deviation; Shimadzu TOC-VCPH total organic carbon analyzer; TDN; Treatment; Treatment: light condition; Type of study
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 826 data points
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  • 50
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    KOSMOS 2020 Peru mesocosm study on ecosystem responses to different light and upwelling intensities: oxygen primary production rates of water samples (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This data is part of the BMBF project CUSCO (Coastal Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean). Here we report oxygen primary production rates during a 35-day experiment, where we enclosed natural plankton communities in in-situ mesocosms off Peru. The experiment investigated the interactive effects of light and upwelling on the Humboldt upwelling ecosystem by mimicking a gradient of upwelling intensities (0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60%) under summer-time high light and winter-time low light. Integrated seawater samples from a depth between 0 and 10m were collected using a 5L Integrating Water sampler (IWS; Hydro-Bios, Kiel). Oxygen production as well as respiration rates were measured as described in Ortiz et al. (2022; doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.743105) using the Winkler method. For each mesocosm and sampling day samples for initial oxygen values fixed immediately after subsampling ("Initial"), dark incubations ("Dark") and light incubations ("Light") were measured. All samples were incubated with constant light dark/cycles and temperature was adjusted regularly to mesocosm values. After incubation samples were fixed and titrated by means of an automated, precise titration system with colorimetric end-point detection along with the initials (Dissolved Oxygen Analyzer, SIS Schwentinental, Germany). Community respiration (CR) was calculated as the oxygen consumption during dark incubation per hour. Net community production (NCP) was the oxygen production per hour in the light samples and gross production (GP) the sum of CR and NCP.
    Keywords: AQUACOSM; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Depth, water, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, water, experiment, top/minimum; Event label; Field experiment; Gross community production of oxygen; Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2020; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M10; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS Peru; light limitation; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; mesocosm study; Net community production of oxygen; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; oxygen consumption; primary production; Respiration rate, oxygen, community; Titration, Winkler; Treatment; Treatment: light condition; Type of study
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 972 data points
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  • 51
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    KOSMOS 2020 Peru mesocosm study on ecosystem responses to different light and upwelling intensities: inorganic nutrient concentrations of water samples (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This data is part of the BMBF project CUSCO (Coastal Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean). Here we report the inorganic nutrient concentrations during a 35-day experiment, where we enclosed natural plankton communities in in-situ mesocosms off Peru. The experiment investigated the interactive effects of light and upwelling on the Humboldt upwelling ecosystem by mimicking a gradient of upwelling intensities (0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60%) under summer-time high light and winter-time low light. Integrated seawater samples from a depth between 0 and 10m were collected using a 5L Integrating Water sampler (IWS; Hydro-Bios, Kiel). Water samples for inorganic nutrients were filtered (0.45 µm PTFE syringe filter, Merck Millex) and analysed in triplicates. Dissolved inorganic nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, and dissolved silica were determined using a spectrophotometer (ShimadzuV-1800) and standard colorimetric methods (Grasshoff et al., 2009; DOI: 10.1002/iroh.19850700232). Ammonium was determined fluorometrically. Due to the COVID-19 lockdown, we were not able to determine inorganic nutrients after day 17, and instead samples were frozen at -20°C after filtration and analysed with an autosampler (XY2 autosampler, SEAL Analytical) and a continuous flow analyzer (QuAAtro AutoAnalyzer, SEAL Analytical) connected to a fluorescence detector (FP-2020, JASCO).
    Keywords: Ammonium; AQUACOSM; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; Comment; CUSCO; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Depth, water, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, water, experiment, top/minimum; Event label; Field experiment; Humboldt Current System; inorganic nutrients; KOSMOS_2020; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M10; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS Peru; light limitation; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; mesocosm study; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Nitrate; Nitrate and Nitrite; Nitrite; Phosphate; Silicate; Treatment; Treatment: light condition; Type of study; Upwelling
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2687 data points
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  • 52
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    Silicon isotopic compositions of sediments from major rivers surrounding the South China Sea (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This dataset includes silicon isotopic compositions of δ30Si and δ29Si of 26 argillaceous sediment samples (including 20 bulk samples and 6 clay-fraction samples) from 13 major rivers located in seven regions surrounding the South China Sea. The samples were collected during 2004-2009. Si isotope measurements were performed on a Neptune MC-ICP-MS at the State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Northwest University (China). Each sample was analyzed three to four times during each analytical session. The precision and accuracy of measurements were referenced to the results of standard and replicated samples. The repeated measurements of BHVO-2 and AGV-2 gave average δ30Si values of −0.26 ± 0.07‰ (2SD, n = 9) and −0.13 ± 0.05‰ (2SD, n = 3), respectively.
    Keywords: Agno_LZ13; Agno_LZ13-clay; Baram_BN12; Cagayan_LZ31; Cagayan_LZ31-clay; Campaign; China; Cho-Shui_CK2; clay minerals; Date/Time of event; Elevation of event; Event label; Kao-Ping_CK7-1; Latitude of event; Location; Longitude of event; MC-ICP-MS (Thermo Scientific, Neptune); Mekong_MR04; Mekong_MR13; Mekong_MR16; Number; Pahang_MK08; Pampanga_LZ03; Pampanga_LZ03-clay; Pearl_PR04; Pearl_PR15-2; Pearl_PR19; Pearl_PR25; Rajang_MK16; Red_RS26; Red_RS26-clay; Red_RS32; Red_RS32-clay; Red_RS35; Red_RS35-clay; Replicates; River; river sediment; Sample ID; Sample method; Sample type; Sediment sample; SES; silicon isotope; South China Sea; Terengganu_MK14; Tseng-Wen_CK5; δ29Si; δ29Si, standard deviation; δ30Si; δ30Si, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 312 data points
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  • 53
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    KOSMOS 2020 Peru mesocosm study on ecosystem responses to different light and upwelling intensities: particulate organic matter concentrations of water samples (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This data is part of the BMBF project CUSCO (Coastal Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean). Here we report particulate organic matter concentrations collected during a 35-day experiment where we enclosed natural plankton communities in in-situ mesocosms off Peru. The experiment investigated the interactive effects of light and upwelling on the Humboldt upwelling ecosystem by mimicking a gradient of upwelling intensities (0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60%) under summer-time high light and winter-time low light. Integrated seawater samples from a depth between 0 and 10m were collected using a 5L Integrating Water sampler (IWS; Hydro-Bios, Kiel). Samples (150-1000 ml) were filtered onto a 0.7 µm pre-combusted glass-fiber filters (GFF, Whatman). The filters were acidified and then dried in the oven at 60 °C for 24 hours and total particulate carbon (TPC), particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) content were measured using a CN analyzer (Euro EA3000, HEKAtech GmbH, Wegberg, Germany). POP filters were autoclaved for 30 min in 100 mL Schott Duran glass bottles using an oxidizing decomposition solution (Merck, catalogue no. 112936) to convert organic phosphate to orthophosphate. Phosphate concentrations were determined spectrophotometrically following Hansen and Koroleff (1999; doi:10.1002/9783527613984.ch10).
    Keywords: AQUACOSM; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, total, particulate; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Phosphorus ratio; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Depth, water, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, water, experiment, top/minimum; Element analyser Euro EA3000; Event label; Field experiment; Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2020; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M10; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS Peru; light limitation; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; mesocosm study; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Nitrogen/Phosphorus ratio; particulate organic matter; Phosphorus, organic, particulate; POC; PON; POP; Spectrophotometer; according to Hansen & Koroleff (1999); Treatment; Treatment: light condition; Type of study; Upwelling
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2576 data points
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  • 54
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    KOSMOS 2021 Gran Canaria mesocosm study on ocean alkalinity enhancement: phytoplankton metabolic rates (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) could augment long-term carbon storage and mitigate ocean acidification by increasing the bicarbonate ion concentration in ocean water. However, the side effects and/or potential co-benefits of OAE on natural planktonic communities remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, 9 mesocosms were deployed in the oligotrophic waters of Gran Canaria, from September 14th to October 16th, 2021. A CO2-equilibrated Total Alkalinity (TA) gradient was employed in increments of 300 µmol·L-1, ranging from ~2400 to ~4800 µmol·L-1. The carbonate chemistry conditions in terms of TA and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC), which were then used to calculate pCO2 and pH, and the nitrate+nitrite, phosphate and silicate concentrations were measured every two days over the course of the 33-day experiment alongside the following biotic parameters. Net Community Production (NCP), Gross Production (GP), Community Respiration (CR) rates, as well as the metabolic balance (GP:CR), were monitored every two days through oxygen production and consumption using the winkler method. Fractionated 14C uptake and chlorophyll a were also determined every four days although, initially, the total PO14C and DO14C production were also measured every 4 days, in between, up to day 13. Finally, flow cytometry was also carried out every two days and synecococcus, picoeukaryote and nanophytoplankton abundances were obtained. No damaging effect of CO2-equilibrated OAE in the range applied here, on phytoplankton primary production, community metabolism and composition could be inferred from our results. In fact, a potential co-benefit to OAE was observed in the form of the positive curvilinear response to the DIC gradient up to the ∆TA1800 treatment. Further experimental research at this scale is key to gain a better understanding of the short and long-term effects of OAE on planktonic communities.
    Keywords: 14C-DOC; 14C-POC; 14C uptake; AQUACOSM; Canarias Sea; Chlorophyll a, total; chlorophyll-a concentration; Chlorophyll a microplankton; Chlorophyll a nanoplankton; Chlorophyll a picoplankton; Day of experiment; Depth, water, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, water, experiment, top/minimum; Event label; Extracellular release; Field experiment; flow cytometry; Flow cytometry; Gross community production/respiration rate, oxygen, ratio; Gross community production of oxygen; Identification; KOSMOS_2021; KOSMOS_2021_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2021_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2021_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2021_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2021_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2021_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2021_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2021_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2021_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS Gran Canaria; MESO; mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Nanoeukaryotes; Net community production of oxygen; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Ocean-based Negative Emission Technologies; OceanNETs; Picoeukaryotes; primary production; Primary production of carbon, organic, dissolved; Primary production of carbon, organic, particulate; Primary production of carbon, organic, total; Respiration rate, oxygen, community; Synechococcus; Treatment: alkalinity, total; Type of study; Winkler oxygen
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3828 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 55
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    N2O and CH4 underway measurements (atmosphere and ocean) during METEOR cruise M120 (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Upward transport and/or mixing of trace gas-enriched subsurface waters fosters the exchange of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) with the atmosphere in the Eastern-South Atlantic (ESA). To date, it is, however, unclear whether this source is maintained by local production or advection of trace-gas enriched water masses. So, the meridional and zonal variability of N2O and CH4 in the ESA were investigated to constrain the contributions of the major regional water masses to the overall budget of N2O and CH4. The fieldwork took place during the cruises M99 (July 31st - August 23rd, 2013) and M120 (October 17th - November 18th, 2015) onboard the R/V METEOR, which encompassed close-coastal and open ocean regions off Angola and Namibia. To investigate the regional concentration gradients of N2O and CH4 and corresponding sea-air fluxes, seven hydrographic sections (six zonal transects and one alongshore transect) were conducted between ~10°S and 26°S. Concentrations of dissolved N2O and CH4 in surface waters were continuously measured by using the Mobile Equilibrator Sensor System. To evaluate, the oceanic-atmospheric trace gas exchange, the atmospheric N2O and CH4 in ambient air were measured at several sporadic locations, with an inlet installed at 35 m height. The data were quality controlled by comparing with the data generated by NOAA in the nearest atmospheric sampling station (23.58° S, 15.03°E, Station NMB (Gobabeb, Namibia)). Also, to better understand the underlying patterns of the trace gas in the ESA, the vertical profiles were investigated by measuring discrete samples of N2O using the dynamic headspace method on M99. N2O and CH4 concentrations were also measured using a purge and trap system during M120 expedition.
    Keywords: Course; CT; DATE/TIME; Dry air column-averaged mixing ratio of methane; Dry air column-averaged mixing ratio of nitrous oxide; Eastern Boundary Upwelling Syetms; Enhancing Prediction of Tropical Atlantic Climate and its Impact; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M120; M120-track; Meteor (1986); Methane; Methane, dry air; Methane per air volume; Methane saturation; nitrous oxide; Nitrous oxide, dissolved; Nitrous oxide, dry air; Nitrous oxide saturation; Partial pressure of methane in wet air; Partial pressure of nitrous oxide in wet air; PREFACE; Pressure, atmospheric; SACUS/SACUS-II; Salinity; Ship speed; Southwest African Coastal Upwelling System and Benguela Niños; Temperature, air; Temperature, water; Temperature at equilibration; trace gases; Underway cruise track measurements; Wind direction, relative; Wind speed, relative
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 302456 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 56
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    Nitrous oxide and methane from water samples during METEOR cruise M120 (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Upward transport and/or mixing of trace gas-enriched subsurface waters fosters the exchange of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) with the atmosphere in the Eastern-South Atlantic (ESA). To date, it is, however, unclear whether this source is maintained by local production or advection of trace-gas enriched water masses. So, the meridional and zonal variability of N2O and CH4 in the ESA were investigated to constrain the contributions of the major regional water masses to the overall budget of N2O and CH4. The fieldwork took place during the cruises M99 (July 31st - August 23rd, 2013) and M120 (October 17th - November 18th, 2015) onboard the R/V METEOR, which encompassed close-coastal and open ocean regions off Angola and Namibia. To investigate the regional concentration gradients of N2O and CH4 and corresponding sea-air fluxes, seven hydrographic sections (six zonal transects and one alongshore transect) were conducted between ~10°S and 26°S. Concentrations of dissolved N2O and CH4 in surface waters were continuously measured by using the Mobile Equilibrator Sensor System. To evaluate, the oceanic-atmospheric trace gas exchange, the atmospheric N2O and CH4 in ambient air were measured at several sporadic locations, with an inlet installed at 35 m height. The data were quality controlled by comparing with the data generated by NOAA in the nearest atmospheric sampling station (23.58° S, 15.03°E, Station NMB (Gobabeb, Namibia)). Also, to better understand the underlying patterns of the trace gas in the ESA, the vertical profiles were investigated by measuring discrete samples of N2O using the dynamic headspace method on M99. N2O and CH4 concentrations were also measured using a purge and trap system during M120 expedition.
    Keywords: CTD/Rosette; CTD 100; CTD 102; CTD 104; CTD 105; CTD 106; CTD 107; CTD 108; CTD 109; CTD 11; CTD 110; CTD 111; CTD 112; CTD 113; CTD 16; CTD 17; CTD 18; CTD 22; CTD 23; CTD 24; CTD 25; CTD 33; CTD 38; CTD 46; CTD 49; CTD 54; CTD 55; CTD 56; CTD 57; CTD 58; CTD 59; CTD 60; CTD 62; CTD 63; CTD 64; CTD 67; CTD 68; CTD 69; CTD 7; CTD 70; CTD 71; CTD 72; CTD 73; CTD 8; CTD 9; CTD 91; CTD 96; CTD 97; CTD 98; CTD-RO; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Eastern Boundary Upwelling Syetms; Enhancing Prediction of Tropical Atlantic Climate and its Impact; Event label; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M120; M120_0900-1; M120_0902-1; M120_0903-1; M120_0909-1; M120_0922-1; M120_0924-1; M120_0927-1; M120_0936-1; M120_0938-1; M120_0940-1; M120_0942-1; M120_0958-1; M120_0971-1; M120_0989-1; M120_0995-1; M120_1006-1; M120_1009-1; M120_1012-1; M120_1015-1; M120_1018-1; M120_1021-1; M120_1024-1; M120_1031-1; M120_1033-1; M120_1035-1; M120_1041-1; M120_1043-1; M120_1047-1; M120_1050-1; M120_1052-1; M120_1054-1; M120_1056-1; M120_1096-1; M120_1109-1; M120_1111-1; M120_1113-1; M120_1117-1; M120_1121-1; M120_1125-1; M120_1128-1; M120_1131-1; M120_1133-1; M120_1137-1; M120_1138-1; M120_1140-1; M120_1142-1; M120_1144-1; M120_1146-1; Meteor (1986); Methane; nitrous oxide; Nitrous oxide, dissolved; PREFACE; SACUS/SACUS-II; Southwest African Coastal Upwelling System and Benguela Niños; Station label; trace gases
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1236 data points
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  • 57
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    Energy content measurements on Arctic zooplankton collected during MOSAiC (PS122): sample details (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This dataset contains energy content measurements performed on zooplankton collected in the Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from November 2019 untill September 2020. Energy content measurements were done on Apherusa glacialis, Themisto abyssorum, Chaetognatha, Thysanoessa longicaudata and Calanus hyperboreus. These species are all known prey of polar cod (Boreogadus saida), and their energy content was measured to be included in a bioenergetic model of the growth rate of this predator and to gain insight in the differences between prey species. The meaurements were performed on freeze-dried specimens using a 6725 semi-micro oxygen calorimeter (Parr, USA) connected to a 6772 calorimetric thermometer (Parr, USA).
    Keywords: Arctic; Arctic Ocean; BEAST; bomb-calorimetry; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Dry mass; energy density; Event label; LATITUDE; Length; LONGITUDE; Measurement identification; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Nansen closing net; NN; Number; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_7-48; PS122/1_7-81; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-40; PS122/2_17-77; PS122/2_18-33; PS122/2_19-16; PS122/2_19-31; PS122/2_20-11; PS122/2_20-16; PS122/2_20-24; PS122/2_21-42; PS122/2_22-24; PS122/3; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-62; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_39-38; PS122/3_39-55; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-75; PS122/4_45-32; PS122/4_45-55; PS122/4_46-41; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_49-21; PS122/5; PS122/5_61-196; PS122/5_62-90; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Ring net; RN; Sample ID; Sample type; Sampling; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Water content, wet mass; Wet mass; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1291 data points
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  • 58
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    Energy content measurements on Arctic zooplankton collected during MOSAiC (PS122): bomb-calorific measurements (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: This dataset contains energy content measurements performed on zooplankton collected in the Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from November 2019 untill September 2020. Energy content measurements were done on Apherusa glacialis, Themisto abyssorum, Chaetognatha, Thysanoessa longicaudata and Calanus hyperboreus. These species are all known prey of polar cod (Boreogadus saida), and their energy content was measured to be included in a bioenergetic model of the growth rate of this predator and to gain insight in the differences between prey species. The meaurements were performed on freeze-dried specimens using a 6725 semi-micro oxygen calorimeter (Parr, USA) connected to a 6772 calorimetric thermometer (Parr, USA).
    Keywords: Arctic; Arctic Ocean; BEAST; bomb-calorimetry; energy density; Event label; Measurement identification; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Nansen closing net; NN; Other event; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_7-48; PS122/1_7-81; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-77; PS122/2_18-33; PS122/2_19-16; PS122/2_19-31; PS122/2_20-11; PS122/2_20-16; PS122/2_20-24; PS122/2_21-42; PS122/2_22-24; PS122/3; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-62; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_39-38; PS122/3_39-55; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-75; PS122/4_45-32; PS122/4_45-55; PS122/4_46-41; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_49-21; PS122/5; PS122/5_61-196; PS122/5_62-90; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Ring net; RN; Sample comment; Semi-micro oxygen calorimeter, Parr, 6725; connected to calorimetric thermometer, Parr, 6772; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Zooplankton; Zooplankton, biomass, dry mass, as energy
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 276 data points
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  • 59
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    N2O and CH4 underway measurements (atmosphere and ocean) during METEOR cruise M99 (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Upward transport and/or mixing of trace gas-enriched subsurface waters fosters the exchange of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) with the atmosphere in the Eastern-South Atlantic (ESA). To date, it is, however, unclear whether this source is maintained by local production or advection of trace-gas enriched water masses. So, the meridional and zonal variability of N2O and CH4 in the ESA were investigated to constrain the contributions of the major regional water masses to the overall budget of N2O and CH4. The fieldwork took place during the cruises M99 (July 31st - August 23rd, 2013) and M120 (October 17th - November 18th, 2015) onboard the R/V METEOR, which encompassed close-coastal and open ocean regions off Angola and Namibia. To investigate the regional concentration gradients of N2O and CH4 and corresponding sea-air fluxes, seven hydrographic sections (six zonal transects and one alongshore transect) were conducted between ~10°S and 26°S. Concentrations of dissolved N2O and CH4 in surface waters were continuously measured by using the Mobile Equilibrator Sensor System. To evaluate, the oceanic-atmospheric trace gas exchange, the atmospheric N2O and CH4 in ambient air were measured at several sporadic locations, with an inlet installed at 35 m height. The data were quality controlled by comparing with the data generated by NOAA in the nearest atmospheric sampling station (23.58° S, 15.03°E, Station NMB (Gobabeb, Namibia)). Also, to better understand the underlying patterns of the trace gas in the ESA, the vertical profiles were investigated by measuring discrete samples of N2O using the dynamic headspace method on M99. N2O and CH4 concentrations were also measured using a purge and trap system during M120 expedition.
    Keywords: Course; CT; DATE/TIME; Dry air column-averaged mixing ratio of methane; Dry air column-averaged mixing ratio of nitrous oxide; Eastern Boundary Upwelling Syetms; Enhancing Prediction of Tropical Atlantic Climate and its Impact; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M99; M99-track; Meteor (1986); Methane; Methane, dry air; Methane per air volume; Methane saturation; nitrous oxide; Nitrous oxide, dissolved; Nitrous oxide, dry air; Nitrous oxide saturation; Number; Partial pressure of methane in wet air; Partial pressure of nitrous oxide in wet air; PREFACE; Pressure, atmospheric; SACUS/SACUS-II; Salinity; Ship speed; Southeast Atlantic; Southwest African Coastal Upwelling System and Benguela Niños; Temperature, air; Temperature, water; Temperature at equilibration; trace gases; Underway cruise track measurements; Wind direction, relative; Wind speed, relative
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 354913 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 60
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Nitrous oxide from water samples during METEOR cruise M99 (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Upward transport and/or mixing of trace gas-enriched subsurface waters fosters the exchange of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) with the atmosphere in the Eastern-South Atlantic (ESA). To date, it is, however, unclear whether this source is maintained by local production or advection of trace-gas enriched water masses. So, the meridional and zonal variability of N2O and CH4 in the ESA were investigated to constrain the contributions of the major regional water masses to the overall budget of N2O and CH4. The fieldwork took place during the cruises M99 (July 31st - August 23rd, 2013) and M120 (October 17th - November 18th, 2015) onboard the R/V METEOR, which encompassed close-coastal and open ocean regions off Angola and Namibia. To investigate the regional concentration gradients of N2O and CH4 and corresponding sea-air fluxes, seven hydrographic sections (six zonal transects and one alongshore transect) were conducted between ~10°S and 26°S. Concentrations of dissolved N2O and CH4 in surface waters were continuously measured by using the Mobile Equilibrator Sensor System. To evaluate, the oceanic-atmospheric trace gas exchange, the atmospheric N2O and CH4 in ambient air were measured at several sporadic locations, with an inlet installed at 35 m height. The data were quality controlled by comparing with the data generated by NOAA in the nearest atmospheric sampling station (23.58° S, 15.03°E, Station NMB (Gobabeb, Namibia)). Also, to better understand the underlying patterns of the trace gas in the ESA, the vertical profiles were investigated by measuring discrete samples of N2O using the dynamic headspace method on M99. N2O and CH4 concentrations were also measured using a purge and trap system during M120 expedition.
    Keywords: CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Eastern Boundary Upwelling Syetms; Enhancing Prediction of Tropical Atlantic Climate and its Impact; Event label; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M99; M99/1_1710-1; M99/1_1712-1; M99/1_1714-1; M99/1_1716-1; M99/1_1719-1; M99/1_1722-1; M99/1_1725-1; M99/1_1728-1; M99/1_1730-1; M99/1_1733-1; M99/1_1747-1; M99/1_1749-1; M99/1_1751-1; M99/1_1753-1; M99/1_1755-1; M99/1_1757-1; M99/1_1759-1; M99/1_1761-1; M99/1_1763-1; M99/2_1819-1; M99/2_1821-1; M99/2_1823-1; M99/2_1825-1; M99/2_1827-1; M99/2_1831-1; M99/2_1834-1; Meteor (1986); Methane; nitrous oxide; Nitrous oxide, dissolved; PREFACE; SACUS/SACUS-II; Southwest African Coastal Upwelling System and Benguela Niños; Station label; trace gases; Transect; Walvis Bay
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 732 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 61
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    Hibiscus fabiana sp. nov. (Malvaceae) from the Guinea Highlands (West Africa) (2020)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 65 no. 1, pp. 69-74
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Hibiscus fabiana Cheek (sect. Furcaria, Malvaceae) is described from the Guinea Highlands of West Africa, and its taxonomic affinities and ecology are considered. Hibiscus fabiana has previously been confused with H. rostellatus but has red fleshy calyx ribs (vs not red and non-fleshy), the calyx surface is glabrous apart from 1-armed bristles (vs densely covered in minute white stellate hairs and bristles 2–5-armed), the leaves 3(–5)-lobed, bases truncate to rounded (vs 5-lobed, cordate). The conservation status of the new species is assessed using the IUCN 2012 standard as Vulnerable. In the context of the recently discovered extinction of the Guinean endemic Inversodicraea pygmaea G.Taylor (Podostemaceae), we discuss the 30 new species to science discovered in Guinea since 2005, all but one of which are also range-restricted and threatened, usually by development or habitat loss. We consider it urgent to avoid their extinction, ideally with in situ conservation using an Important PlantAreas approach.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Bowal ; conservation ; Furcaria ; Guinea Highlands ; Hibiscus ; Important Plant Areas ; Simandou
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 62
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    The pharynx of the iconic stem-group chondrichthyan Acanthodes Agassiz, 1833 revisited with micro-computed tomography (2024)
    In:  Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society vol. 2024 no. XX
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Acanthodes has long been the primary source of information on the pharyngeal skeleton of ‘acanthodians’. Because of this its anatomy has played a disproportionate role in attempts to understand the evolution of the jawed vertebrate pharynx and the clade as a whole. However, the anatomy of the pharynx of Acanthodes, now understood to be a stem-group chondrichthyan, remains poorly characterized and subject to several com- peting interpretations. We used computed tomography to image the articulated pharyngeal skeletons of three specimens of Acanthodes confusus from Lebach, Germany. Acanthodes has a mélange of osteichthyan-like and chondrichthyan-like morphologies in its pharyngeal skeleton. Like many other chondrichthyans, Acanthodes lacked hypohyals, and had four pairs of posteriorly oriented pharyngobranchials. Like osteichthyans, Acanthodes possessed an interhyal, but lacked the separate infra- and supra-pharyngobranchial elements present in osteichthyans and the crown- chondrichthyan Ozarcus. Using these new data we built and animated a digital 3D model of the pharyngeal endoskeleton in Acanthodes, showing that the jaws could have swung outwards during the opening cycle, increasing the anteriorly facing area of the gape for suspension feeding. These new data provide a more definitive picture of the anatomy of a taxon that has long been of great significance in early vertebrate palaeontology.
    Keywords: acanthodian ; branchial skeleton ; chondrichthyan ; computed tomography ; Permian ; pharynx
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 63
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    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer SO268/2_107-1, core 15 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores of R/V Sonne cruise SO268-2 were scanned by a Toshiba Aquilion 64 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte with an x-ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 600 mA. The CT image stacks have a resolution of 0.35 mm in x/y-direction and 0.5 mm resolution in z-direction (0.3 mm reconstruction unit). Images were reconstructed using Toshiba's patented helical cone beam reconstruction technique (TCOT) and are provided in DICOM-format. The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2021.03; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism (only present in core SO268-2-200-1 MC18), the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clarion-Clipperton Fraction Zone, North East Pacific Ocean; Computer tomography (CT) Toshiba Aquilion 64; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; MUC; MUC-23; MultiCorer; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; SO268/2; SO268/2_107-1; Sonne_2; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 11502 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 64
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    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer SO268/2_122-1, core 14 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores of R/V Sonne cruise SO268-2 were scanned by a Toshiba Aquilion 64 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte with an x-ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 600 mA. The CT image stacks have a resolution of 0.35 mm in x/y-direction and 0.5 mm resolution in z-direction (0.3 mm reconstruction unit). Images were reconstructed using Toshiba's patented helical cone beam reconstruction technique (TCOT) and are provided in DICOM-format. The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2021.03; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism (only present in core SO268-2-200-1 MC18), the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clarion-Clipperton Fraction Zone, North East Pacific Ocean; Computer tomography (CT) Toshiba Aquilion 64; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; MUC-24; Multicorer with television; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; SO268/2; SO268/2_122-1; Sonne_2; TVMUC; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9480 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 65
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    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer SO268/2_107-1, core 11 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores of R/V Sonne cruise SO268-2 were scanned by a Toshiba Aquilion 64 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte with an x-ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 600 mA. The CT image stacks have a resolution of 0.35 mm in x/y-direction and 0.5 mm resolution in z-direction (0.3 mm reconstruction unit). Images were reconstructed using Toshiba's patented helical cone beam reconstruction technique (TCOT) and are provided in DICOM-format. The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2021.03; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism (only present in core SO268-2-200-1 MC18), the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clarion-Clipperton Fraction Zone, North East Pacific Ocean; Computer tomography (CT) Toshiba Aquilion 64; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; MUC; MUC-23; MultiCorer; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; SO268/2; SO268/2_107-1; Sonne_2; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10420 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 66
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    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer SO268/2_135-1, core 1 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores of R/V Sonne cruise SO268-2 were scanned by a Toshiba Aquilion 64 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte with an x-ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 600 mA. The CT image stacks have a resolution of 0.35 mm in x/y-direction and 0.5 mm resolution in z-direction (0.3 mm reconstruction unit). Images were reconstructed using Toshiba's patented helical cone beam reconstruction technique (TCOT) and are provided in DICOM-format. The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2021.03; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism (only present in core SO268-2-200-1 MC18), the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clarion-Clipperton Fraction Zone, North East Pacific Ocean; Computer tomography (CT) Toshiba Aquilion 64; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; MUC; MUC-27; MultiCorer; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; SO268/2; SO268/2_135-1; Sonne_2; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 11056 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 67
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer SO268/2_135-1, core 2 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores of R/V Sonne cruise SO268-2 were scanned by a Toshiba Aquilion 64 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte with an x-ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 600 mA. The CT image stacks have a resolution of 0.35 mm in x/y-direction and 0.5 mm resolution in z-direction (0.3 mm reconstruction unit). Images were reconstructed using Toshiba's patented helical cone beam reconstruction technique (TCOT) and are provided in DICOM-format. The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2021.03; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism (only present in core SO268-2-200-1 MC18), the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clarion-Clipperton Fraction Zone, North East Pacific Ocean; Computer tomography (CT) Toshiba Aquilion 64; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; MUC; MUC-27; MultiCorer; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; SO268/2; SO268/2_135-1; Sonne_2; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10352 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 68
    facet.materialart.
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    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer SO268/2_135-1, core 20 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores of R/V Sonne cruise SO268-2 were scanned by a Toshiba Aquilion 64 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte with an x-ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 600 mA. The CT image stacks have a resolution of 0.35 mm in x/y-direction and 0.5 mm resolution in z-direction (0.3 mm reconstruction unit). Images were reconstructed using Toshiba's patented helical cone beam reconstruction technique (TCOT) and are provided in DICOM-format. The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2021.03; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism (only present in core SO268-2-200-1 MC18), the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clarion-Clipperton Fraction Zone, North East Pacific Ocean; Computer tomography (CT) Toshiba Aquilion 64; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; MUC; MUC-27; MultiCorer; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; SO268/2; SO268/2_135-1; Sonne_2; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 12212 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 69
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    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer SO268/2_200-1, core 12 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores of R/V Sonne cruise SO268-2 were scanned by a Toshiba Aquilion 64 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte with an x-ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 600 mA. The CT image stacks have a resolution of 0.35 mm in x/y-direction and 0.5 mm resolution in z-direction (0.3 mm reconstruction unit). Images were reconstructed using Toshiba's patented helical cone beam reconstruction technique (TCOT) and are provided in DICOM-format. The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2021.03; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism (only present in core SO268-2-200-1 MC18), the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clarion-Clipperton Fraction Zone, North East Pacific Ocean; Computer tomography (CT) Toshiba Aquilion 64; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; MUC-40; Multicorer with television; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; SO268/2; SO268/2_200-1; Sonne_2; TVMUC; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9784 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 70
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    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer SO268/2_207-1, core 5 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores of R/V Sonne cruise SO268-2 were scanned by a Toshiba Aquilion 64 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte with an x-ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 600 mA. The CT image stacks have a resolution of 0.35 mm in x/y-direction and 0.5 mm resolution in z-direction (0.3 mm reconstruction unit). Images were reconstructed using Toshiba's patented helical cone beam reconstruction technique (TCOT) and are provided in DICOM-format. The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2021.03; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism (only present in core SO268-2-200-1 MC18), the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clarion-Clipperton Fraction Zone, North East Pacific Ocean; Computer tomography (CT) Toshiba Aquilion 64; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; MUC-41; Multicorer with television; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; SO268/2; SO268/2_207-1; Sonne_2; TVMUC; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 11584 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 71
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer SO268/2_200-1, core 19 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores of R/V Sonne cruise SO268-2 were scanned by a Toshiba Aquilion 64 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte with an x-ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 600 mA. The CT image stacks have a resolution of 0.35 mm in x/y-direction and 0.5 mm resolution in z-direction (0.3 mm reconstruction unit). Images were reconstructed using Toshiba's patented helical cone beam reconstruction technique (TCOT) and are provided in DICOM-format. The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2021.03; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism (only present in core SO268-2-200-1 MC18), the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clarion-Clipperton Fraction Zone, North East Pacific Ocean; Computer tomography (CT) Toshiba Aquilion 64; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; MUC-40; Multicorer with television; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; SO268/2; SO268/2_200-1; Sonne_2; TVMUC; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9462 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 72
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer SO268/2_207-1, core 20 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores of R/V Sonne cruise SO268-2 were scanned by a Toshiba Aquilion 64 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte with an x-ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 600 mA. The CT image stacks have a resolution of 0.35 mm in x/y-direction and 0.5 mm resolution in z-direction (0.3 mm reconstruction unit). Images were reconstructed using Toshiba's patented helical cone beam reconstruction technique (TCOT) and are provided in DICOM-format. The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2021.03; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism (only present in core SO268-2-200-1 MC18), the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clarion-Clipperton Fraction Zone, North East Pacific Ocean; Computer tomography (CT) Toshiba Aquilion 64; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; MUC-41; Multicorer with television; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; SO268/2; SO268/2_207-1; Sonne_2; TVMUC; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9688 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 73
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer SO268/2_200-1, core 18 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores of R/V Sonne cruise SO268-2 were scanned by a Toshiba Aquilion 64 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte with an x-ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 600 mA. The CT image stacks have a resolution of 0.35 mm in x/y-direction and 0.5 mm resolution in z-direction (0.3 mm reconstruction unit). Images were reconstructed using Toshiba's patented helical cone beam reconstruction technique (TCOT) and are provided in DICOM-format. The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2021.03; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism (only present in core SO268-2-200-1 MC18), the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clarion-Clipperton Fraction Zone, North East Pacific Ocean; Computer tomography (CT) Toshiba Aquilion 64; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; MUC-40; Multicorer with television; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; SO268/2; SO268/2_200-1; Sonne_2; TVMUC; Unknown organism, relative volume; Unknown organism, volume; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 11312 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 74
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer SO268/2_207-1, core 12 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores of R/V Sonne cruise SO268-2 were scanned by a Toshiba Aquilion 64 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte with an x-ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 600 mA. The CT image stacks have a resolution of 0.35 mm in x/y-direction and 0.5 mm resolution in z-direction (0.3 mm reconstruction unit). Images were reconstructed using Toshiba's patented helical cone beam reconstruction technique (TCOT) and are provided in DICOM-format. The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2021.03; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism (only present in core SO268-2-200-1 MC18), the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clarion-Clipperton Fraction Zone, North East Pacific Ocean; Computer tomography (CT) Toshiba Aquilion 64; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; MUC-41; Multicorer with television; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; SO268/2; SO268/2_207-1; Sonne_2; TVMUC; Unknown organism, relative volume; Unknown organism, volume; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 12450 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 75
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_019MUC, core 2 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; Cracks, relative volume; Cracks, volume; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_019MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 12720 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 76
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of pushcorer IP21_021_PUC09, core 17 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; Cracks, relative volume; Cracks, volume; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_021PUC09; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; PUC; PUC#09; Push corer; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 6059 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 77
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of pushcorer IP21_021_PUC72, core 18 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; Cracks, relative volume; Cracks, volume; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_021PUC72; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; PUC; PUC#72; Push corer; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7210 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 78
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_020MUC, core 3 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_020MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10436 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 79
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_005MUC, core 1 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_005MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9758 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 80
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_030MUC, core 6 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_030MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10708 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 81
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    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_031MUC, core 7 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_031MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9406 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 82
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_025MUC, core 5 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_025MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9236 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 83
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_041MUC, core 9 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_041MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9702 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 84
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_052MUC, core 11 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_052MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9292 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 85
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_060MUC, core 12 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_060MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10306 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 86
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_070MUC, core 13 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_070MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7902 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 87
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_078MUC, core 16 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_078MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 11010 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 88
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_040MUC, core 8 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_040MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 11558 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 89
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of pushcorer IP21_061PUC71, core 20 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_061PUC71; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; PUC; PUC#71; Push corer; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 8378 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 90
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_078MUC, core 15 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_078MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10556 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 91
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_024MUC, core 4 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_024MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10676 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 92
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of pushcorer IP21_061PUC59, core 19 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_061PUC59; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; PUC; PUC#59; Push corer; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 8110 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 93
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_071MUC, core 14 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_071MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10792 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 94
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    Computed tomography analysis of multicorer IP21_051MUC, core 10 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-23
    Description: Selected multicorer cores and ROV push cores (IP21_021-17, IP21_021-18, IP21_061, IP21_061-19, IP21_061-20) of R/V Island Pride cruise IP21 were scanned using a Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256 computer tomograph (CT) at the hospital Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, with an X- ray source voltage of 120 kV and a current of 300 mA. The CT image stacks have a physical resolution of 0.293 mm in the x and y directions and 0.625 mm resolution in the z direction (collimation; 0.3 mm reconstruction interval). Images were reconstructed using the filtered Back Projection (fBP) mode and a bone kernel (YB (Enhanced)). The data were processed with the ZIB edition of the Amira software (version 2019.51; Stalling et al., 2005; http://amira.zib.de). Within Amira, the core liners, including about 2 mm of the core rims, were deleted from the data set. Mangan nodules with diameters 〉~1 mm, open bioturbation traces, an unidentified organism, the natural bioturbated and surficial homogenised sediment were segmented by a marker-based watershed segmentation and visualized in 3D. Subsequently, the sediment components were quantified (MaterialStatistics module; volume per slice) and the mean and standard deviation of the sediment x-ray attenuation (MaterialStatistics module; statistics per slice per label; to avoid marginal averaging effects the sediment label was reduced by three voxels) were determined.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Bioturbation; Bioturbation, volume; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Computed Tomography; Computer tomograph (CT) Philips Brilliance iCT Elite 256; DEPTH, sediment/rock; File content; IP21; IP21_051MUC; Island Pride; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; MANGAN21; Manganese nodules, relative volume; Manganese nodules, volume; MARUM; Mining impact; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Number of slice; Number of voxels, matrix sediment; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, relative volume; Sediment, bioturbated lower layer, volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, relative volume; Sediment, homogenized upper layer, volume; Sediment characterisation; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, mean; X-ray attenuation, matrix sediment, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9296 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 95
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    Relative pollen productivity estimates of savanna taxa from southern Africa and their application to reconstruct shrub encroachment during the last century (2021)
    In:  EPIC3The Holocene, 31(7), pp. 1100-1111, ISSN: 0959-6836
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-22
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 96
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    The Environment at Lake El’gygytgyn Area (Northeastern Russian Arctic) Prior to and After the Meteorite Impact at 3.58 Ma (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Frontiers in Earth Science, 9, ISSN: 2296-6463
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-22
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 97
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    Recent above-ground biomass changes in central Chukotka (Russian Far East) using field sampling and Landsat satellite data (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Biogeosciences, 18(11), pp. 3343-3366, ISSN: 1726-4189
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-22
    Description: Upscaling plant biomass distribution and dynamics is essential for estimating carbon stocks and carbon balance. In this respect, the Russian Far East is among the least investigated sub-Arctic regions despite its known vegetation sensitivity to ongoing warming. We representatively harvested above-ground biomass (AGB; separated by dominant taxa) at 40 sampling plots in central Chukotka. We used ordination to relate field-based taxa projective cover and Landsat-derived vegetation indices. A general additive model was used to link the ordination scores to AGB. We then mapped AGB for paired Landsat-derived time slices (i.e. 2000/2001/2002 and 2016/2017), in four study regions covering a wide vegetation gradient from closed-canopy larch forests to barren alpine tundra. We provide AGB estimates and changes in AGB that were previously lacking for central Chukotka at a high spatial resolution and a detailed description of taxonomical contributions. Generally, AGB in the study region ranges from 0 to 16 kg m−2, with Cajander larch providing the highest contribution. Comparison of changes in AGB within the investigated period shows that the greatest changes (up to 1.25 kg m−2 yr−1) occurred in the northern taiga and in areas where land cover changed to larch closed-canopy forest. As well as the notable changes, increases in AGB also occur within the land-cover classes. Our estimations indicate a general increase in total AGB throughout the investigated tundra–taiga and northern taiga, whereas the tundra showed no evidence of change in AGB.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 98
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    Orbital- and millennial-scale Antarctic Circumpolar Current variability in Drake Passage over the past 140,000 years (2021)
    Springer Nature
    In:  EPIC3Nature Communications, Springer Nature, 12(1), pp. 1-9, ISSN: 2041-1723
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-22
    Description: The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) plays a crucial role in global ocean circulation by fostering deep-water upwelling and formation of new water masses. On geological timescales, ACC variations are poorly constrained beyond the last glacial. Here, we reconstruct changes in ACC strength in the central Drake Passage in vicinity of the modern Polar Front over a complete glacial-interglacial cycle (i.e., the past 140,000 years), based on sediment grain-size and geochemical characteristics. We found significant glacial-interglacial changes of ACC flow speed, with weakened current strength during glacials and a stronger circulation in interglacials. Superimposed on these orbital-scale changes are high-amplitude millennialscale fluctuations, with ACC strength maxima correlating with diatom-based Antarctic winter sea-ice minima, particularly during full glacial conditions. We infer that the ACC is closely linked to Southern Hemisphere millennial-scale climate oscillations, amplified through Antarctic sea ice extent changes. These strong ACC variations modulated Pacific-Atlantic water exchange via the “cold water route” and potentially affected the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and marine carbon storage.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 99
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    Growth rings and stem diameter of Dichrostachys cinerea and Senegalia mellifera along a rainfall gradient in Namibia (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Trees, Forests and People, 3, pp. 100046-100046, ISSN: 2666-7193
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-22
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 100
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    Richness, growth, and persistence of life under an Antarctic ice shelf (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Current Biology, 31(24), pp. R1566-R1567, ISSN: 0960-9822
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-22
    Description: Where polar ice sheets meet the coast, they can flow into the sea as floating ice shelves. The seabed underneath is in complete darkness, and may be Earth’s least known surface habitat. Few taxa there have been fully identified to named species (see Supplemental information) — remarkable for a habitat spanning nearly 1.6 million km2. Glimpses of life there have come from cameras dropped through 10 boreholes, mainly at the three largest Antarctic ice shelves — the Ross (McMurdo), Filchner-Ronne and Amery. Pioneering studies of life under boreholes found distinct morphotypes of perhaps 〉50 species. Here, we report remarkable growth and persistence over thousands of years of benthic faunal species collected in 2018 from the seabed under the Ekström Ice Shelf (EIS), Weddell Sea.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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