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  • pharmacokinetics  (1,103)
  • Coleoptera  (341)
  • CR: 5.17
  • Drosophila melanogaster
  • Springer  (1,861)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • 2020-2024
  • 2010-2014
  • 1990-1994  (857)
  • 1980-1984  (684)
  • 1975-1979  (320)
  • 1935-1939
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymatic and pharmacokinetic studies on the metabolism of branched chain α-keto acids in the rat (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 22 (1983), S. 14-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: branched chain α-keto acids ; 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, 3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate ; 3-methyl-2-oxobutyrate ; dehydrogenation ; transamination ; pharmacokinetics ; absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Michaelis-Konstanten und Aktivitäten von Dehydrogenasen und Transaminasen der drei verzweigten α-Ketosäuren Keto-Valin, Keto-Leucin und Keto-Isoleucin in Leber, Niere, Skeletmuskel und Gehirn von Ratten werden mitgeteilt. Nach oraler Zufuhr passieren nur 11–22% der Ketosäuren unverändert die Leber. Aus pharmakokinetischen und Resorptions-Untersuchungen erhaltene Blutspiegel an Ketosäuren werden zu den Michaelis-Konstanten in Beziehung gesetzt. Bei den geringen Konzentrationen an Ketosäuren nach oraler Zufuhr kann angenommen werden, daß die oxidativen Prozesse in den nichthepatischen Geweben über die Transaminierung überwiegen. Daten über die Wachstumseffizienz von verzweigtkettigen α-Ketosäuren im Vergleich zu den entsprechenden Aminosäuren stimmen mit dieser Vorstellung überein. Bei intravenöser Verabreichung müßten die Voraussetzungen für Transaminierung besser sein als nach oraler Zufuhr. Auf der Basis von Daten aus der Literatur werden die Übertragbarkeit unserer Befunde auf den Menschen und die verschiedenen Faktoren, welche die Effizienz der verzweigten α-Ketosäuren durch Einwirkung auf ihren Stoffwechsel beeinflussen können, diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Miehaelis-constants and enzyme activities for dehydrogenation and transamination of the three branched chainα-keto acids in liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, and brain of rats are reported. After oral load only 11–22 % of the keto acids pass the liver unchanged. Blood levels in pharmacokinetic and absorption studies are related to the Michaelis-constants. At the low keto-acid concentrations after oral application, dehydrogenation in the non-hepatic tissues is supposed to prevail over transamination. Data on feed efficiency of branched chain α-keto acids reported in the literature support this view. The chance for transamination is better after intravenous administration. The transferability of our data to humans, and various factors influencing the efficiency of branched chain α-keto acids are discussed in connection with data reported in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020781
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerische Lösung gewöhnlicher Differentialgleichungen mit Splinefunktionen (1980)
    Springer
    Computing 25 (1980), S. 317-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Keywords: AMS (MOS): 65L65 ; CR: 5.17 ; AMS (MOS): 65L65 ; CR: 5.17
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract In this paper a general procedure to obtain spline approximations for the solutions of initial value problems for ordinary differential equations is presented. Several well-known spline approximation methods are included as special cases. It is common practice to partition the interval for which the initial value problem is defined into equidistant subintervals and to construct successively the spline approximation; thereby the spline function has to satisfy certain conditions at the knots. In the general procedure presented here additional knots are admitted in every subinterval. At these points which need not be equally spaced the spline approximation has to fulfill analogous conditions as at the original knots. Convergence and divergence theorems are proved; especially the influence of the additional knots on convergence and divergence of the method is investigated.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit wird ein allgemeines Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Splineapproximationen für die Lösungen von Anfangswertproblemen bei gewöhnlichen Differentialgleichungen vorgestellt. Einige der bekannten Spline-approximationsmethoden sind als Spezialfälle enthalten. Eine gängige Vorgehensweise besteht darin, das Intervall, über dem das Anfangswertproblem gegeben ist, in äquidistante Teilintervalle zu zerlegen und dann sukzessive die Splineapproximation zu definieren. Hierbei wird gefordert, daß die Spline-approximation in den Knoten gewisse Bedingungen erfüllt. Bei dem hier betrachteten allgemeinen Verfahren werden in den einzelnen Teilintervallen noch zusätzliche Zwischenknoten eingeführt. In diesen Punkten, die nicht äquidistant sein müssen, werden für die Splineapproximation analoge Bedingungen wie in den Hauptknoten vorgeschrieben. Konvergenz- und Divergenzsätze werden bewiesen, insbesondere wird der Einfluß der Zwischenknoten auf Konvergenz und Divergenz des Verfahrens untersucht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02285227
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behandlung steifer Anfangswertprobleme gewöhnlicher Differentialgleichungen mit adaptiven Runge-Kutta-Methoden (1982)
    Springer
    Computing 29 (1982), S. 153-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Keywords: 65L05 ; CR: 5.17 ; Numer. Analysis ; verallgemeinerte Runge-Kutta-Methoden ; steife Probleme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Adaptive Runge-Kutta-methods are considered. Investigations of stability for these linear implicit methods are studied. For the application a LS-stable method of order four with an adaptive stepsize control is proposed. Test results for 25 stiff initial value problems for different tolerances are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es werden adaptive Runge-Kutta-Verfahren betrachtet und Stabilitätsuntersuchungen für diese linear impliziten Methoden durchgeführt. Für die Anwendung wird ein LS-stabiles Verfahren vierter Ordnung mit einer angepaßten Schrittweitenkontrolle vorgeschlagen. Testergebnisse von 25 stiff Anfangswertproblemen für verschiedenen Toleranzen werden diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02249938
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abiotic mortality factors of the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 71 (1994), S. 201-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Hypothenemus hampei ; coffee berry borer ; abiotic mortality ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mortality of the coffee berry borer was studied under controlled laboratory conditions in Tapachula, Mexico. For adult female borers subjected to a range of relative humidities (RH) without food at 25°C, the longest mean survival time (20 days) was obtained at 93.5% RH. Adult borer survival was also studied at a range of temperatures for a fixed relative humidity (93.5% RH); at 20°C mean survival time was 28 days. Fecundity and mortality of borer stages in berries was studied for a range of humidities at 25°C. Maximum fecundity was obtained at 90 and 93.5% RH. Immature stages were ejected from the berry at 84% RH and above, which is interpreted as a form of brood hygiene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02426404
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioral responses of Colorado potato beetle larvae to combinations of temperature and insolation, under field conditions (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 72 (1994), S. 255-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; Leptinotarsa decemlineata ; behavior ; thermal biology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In short-term field trials at combinations of ambient temperature (°C) and insolation (W·m−2), larval Colorado potato beetles (Leptinotarsa decemlineata [Say] [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae]) were observed after their release on the adaxial surface of leaflets on potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L. Solanaceae). The larvae either began feeding or moved under the leaflet; mean interval from release to expression of these behaviors (2.9±0.05 min [n =358]) was independent of air temperature and insolation. Proportion of larvae moving under the leaflet increased logistically with both air temperature and insolation. A 1 W·m−2 change in insolation (P) evoked the same effect on this proportion as a 0.0838 °C change in air temperature (T a ), so the two quantities were combined as T*=T a +P·0.0838 °C/(W·m−2), which has units of °C. The proportion of larvae moving under the leaflet increased logistically with T*. In 1-day field trials we monitored air temperature, insolation and proportion of larvae under the leaflet, and compared the latter to predictions from the logistic regression derived from the short-term trials. Consistently more larvae occurred under leaflets than predicted from the logistic regression; this bias diminished as T* increased until at T*≥40 °C, observed and predicted proportions were equal. This pattern of deviation from the predictions of the logistic regression is consistent with a thermoregulatory strategy in which larvae move away from hostile conditions, rather than seek optimal conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02383813
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of artificial diets and two species of natural prey as laboratory food forChilocorus spp. (1993)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 69 (1993), S. 13-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Artificial diets ; Coccinellidae ; rearing ; biological control ; Chilocorus spp. ; Coleoptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Promising diets were screened and the most successful modified with additives used in artificial diets for other entomophagous insects. Two suitable diets were obtained, one for adults and one for larvae ofChilocorus nigritus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). They were still inferior to natural prey and not adequate as the sole food source for rearing consecutive generations. They are valuable as substitute food in the insectary during shortages of natural prey. Oleander scaleAspidiotus nerii Bouché andAsterolecanium miliaris (Boisduval) were evaluated as natural prey forC. nigritus and two other potential biocontrol agents in southern Africa,C. bipustulatus (Linnaeus) andC. infernalis Mulsant.A. nerii andA. miliaris were suitable for all life stages ofC. nigritus and adults ofC. bipustulatus andC. infernalis. A. miliaris was inadequate for larvae ofC. bipustulatus andC. infernalis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02380669
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Examination of anAspergillus flavus resistant inbred of maize for crossresistance to sap beetle vectors (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 71 (1994), S. 177-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: aflatoxin ; Carophilus ; Zea mays ; corn ; plant resistance ; Coleoptera ; Nitidulidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02382385
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the function of pea flower feeding by Bruchus pisorum (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 63 (1992), S. 115-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Pea weevil ; Bruchus pisorum ; Bruchidae ; Coleoptera ; flower feeding ; nectar robbing ; pea ; Pisum sativum ; resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Pea flower feeding by adult pea weevils, Bruchus pisorum (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), with special emphasis on nectar feeding, was investigated in a series of laboratory experiments. Male and female adults robbed nectar from flowers of the garden and field pea, Pisum sativum L., and females which fed on the nectar, petals, and female organs of pea flowers lived significantly longer than those denied food and water and those that fed on water only. The results of other experiments suggested that pea flower qualities other than pollen influenced the reproductive success of female B. pisorum. It is hypothesized that pollen seeking B. pisorum effected cross-pollination in the wild progenitor of the modern-day autogamous pea, and adult pea weevils of both sexes rob pea nectar to obtain a readily available source of energy to sustain flight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343571
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Host plant recognition in monophagous weevils: Specialization ofCeutorhynchus inaffectatus to glucosinolates from its host plantHesperis matronalis (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 64 (1992), S. 49-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Ceutorhynchus inaffectatus ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Hesperis matronalis ; Dame's violet ; Brassicaceae ; Cruciferae ; glucosinolates ; feeding stimulants ; host plant specificity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ceutorhynchus inaffectatus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae:Ceutorhynchinae) is a monophagous species feeding only onHesperis matronalis L. (Cruciferae) in North-western Europe. Feeding responses of this weevil to five glucosinolates from its host plant were compared with the responses to four glucosinolates from non-host plants. The major glucosinolates in the host plant were isolated and identified: 6-methylsulphinylhexylglucosinolate (glucohesperalin), 3,4-dihydroxybenzylglucosinolate (glucomatronalin), 3-O-apiosylglucomatronalin, a 3,4-dihydroxybenzoylester and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzoylester of 3-O-apiosylglucomatronalin. The three glucosinolates containing apiose were powerful feeding stimulants forC. inaffectatus while the other host plant compounds and allyglucosinolate (sinigrin), 3-methylsulphinylpropylglucosinolate (glucoiberin), benzylglucosinolate (glucotropaeolin) and p-hydroxybenzylglucosinolate (sinalbin) were weaker stimulants. The role of glucosinolates in host plant selection ofC. inaffectatus and related monophagous crucifer feeders is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688993
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glandular trichomes ofSolanum berthaultii alter host preference of the Colorado potato Beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 70 (1994), S. 217-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; Leptinotarsa decemlineata ; Colorado potato beetle ; Solanaceae ; Solanum berthaultii ; plant resistance ; glandular trichomes ; host preference ; behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Choice and no-choice studies were conducted to determine how the glandular trichomes of the wild potato,Solanum berthaultii Hawkes, affect host preference of the Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Given a feeding choice betweenS. tuberosum andS. berthaultii, larvae and adults preferred the foliage ofS. tuberosum, but adults were more discriminating. When foliage ofS. berthaultii was appressed toS. tuberosum leaflets, fewer adults fed on the appressed leaflets. When given a choice between ‘trichome-intact’ and ‘trichome-removed’S. berthaultii foliage, adults preferred to feed on the latter. The preference for ‘trichome-removed’ foliage and the percent of adults initiating feeding, increased with the degree of trichome removal. These studies provide evidence that the resistance ofS. berthaultii is associated with feeding deterrents localized in the glandular trichomes, thatS. berthaultii possesses more than one mechanism of resistance to the Colorado potato beetle, and that the expression of resistance is dependent on the developmental stage of the insect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02380555
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