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  • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution  (400)
  • American Meteorological Society  (124)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
  • 2020-2023  (532)
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  • 1
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    Tursiops truncatus (Bottlenose Dolphin) - CCSN 02-128 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-06
    Description: Tursiops truncatus (Bottlenose Dolphin) - CCSN 02-128 - male - 2.93 m - Pelvic location - Cape Cod Stranding Network
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 2
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    How to Find Aquifer Statistics Utilizing Pumping Tests? Two Field Studies Using welltestpy (2021)
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd | Malden, US
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-01
    Description: We present a workflow to estimate geostatistical aquifer parameters from pumping test data using the Python package welltestpy. The procedure of pumping test analysis is exemplified for two data sets from the Horkheimer Insel site and from the Lauswiesen site, Germany. The analysis is based on a semi‐analytical drawdown solution from the upscaling approach Radial Coarse Graining, which enables to infer log‐transmissivity variance and horizontal correlation length, beside mean transmissivity, and storativity, from pumping test data. We estimate these parameters of aquifer heterogeneity from type‐curve analysis and determine their sensitivity. This procedure, implemented in welltestpy, is a template for analyzing any pumping test. It goes beyond the possibilities of standard methods, for example, based on Theis' equation, which are limited to mean transmissivity and storativity. A sensitivity study showed the impact of observation well positions on the parameter estimation quality. The insights of this study help to optimize future test setups for geostatistical aquifer analysis and provides guidance for investigating pumping tests with regard to aquifer statistics using the open‐source software package welltestpy.
    Description: Article impact statement: We present a workflow to infer parameters of subsurface heterogeneity from pumping test data exemplified at two sites using welltestpy.
    Description: German Federal Environmental Foundation (DBU) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007636
    Keywords: ddc:551.49
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Importance of sources of variability, scales and experimental design: A case study about the effects of biochar and slurry application on soil properties in agricultural silty loam soils (2021)
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd | Oxford, UK
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-01
    Description: In designed experiments, different sources of variability and an adequate scale of measurement need to be considered, but not all approaches in common usage are equally valid. In order to elucidate the importance of sources of variability and choice of scale, we conducted an experiment where the effects of biochar and slurry applications on soil properties related to soil fertility were studied for different designs: (a) for a field‐scale sampling design with either a model soil (without natural variability) as an internal control or with composited soils, (b) for a design with a focus on amendment variabilities, and (c) for three individual field‐scale designs with true field replication and a combined analysis representative of the population of loess‐derived soils. Three silty loam sites in Germany were sampled and the soil macroaggregates were crushed. For each design, six treatments (0, 0.15 and 0.30 g slurry‐N kg−1 with and without 30 g biochar kg−1) were applied before incubating the units under constant soil moisture conditions for 78 days. CO2 fluxes were monitored and soils were analysed for macroaggregate yields and associated organic carbon (C). Mixed‐effects models were used to describe the effects. For all soil properties, results for the loess sites differed with respect to significant contributions of fixed effects for at least one site, suggesting the need for a general inclusion of different sites. Analysis using a multilevel model allowed generalizations for loess soils to be made and showed that site:slurry:biochar and site:slurry interactions were not negligible for macroaggregate yields. The use of a model soil as an internal control enabled observation of variabilities other than those related to soils or amendments. Experiments incorporating natural variability in soils or amendments resulted in partially different outcomes, indicating the need to include all important sources of variability. Highlights Effects of biochar and slurry applications were studied for different designs and mixed‐effects models were used to describe the effects. Including an internal control allowed observation of, e.g., methodological and analytical variabilities. The results suggested the need for a general inclusion of different sites. Analysis using a multilevel model allowed generalizations for loess soils. The results indicated the need to include all important sources of variability.
    Keywords: ddc:631.4
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Do tree species affect decadal changes in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks in Danish common garden experiments? (2021)
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd | Oxford, UK
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-01
    Description: Temperate forest soils are often considered as an important sink for atmospheric carbon (C), thereby buffering anthropogenic CO2 emissions. However, the effect of tree species composition on the magnitude of this sink is unclear. We resampled a tree species common garden experiment (six sites) a decade after initial sampling to evaluate whether forest floor (FF) and topsoil organic carbon (Corg) and total nitrogen (Nt) stocks changed in dependence of tree species (Norway spruce—Picea abies L., European beech—Fagus sylvatica L., pedunculate oak—Quercus robur L., sycamore maple—Acer pseudoplatanus L., European ash—Fraxinus excelsior L. and small‐leaved lime—Tilia cordata L.). Two groups of species were identified in terms of Corg and Nt distribution: (1) Spruce with high Corg and Nt stocks in the FF developed as a mor humus layer which tended to have smaller Corg and Nt stocks and a wider Corg:Nt ratio in the mineral topsoil, and (2) the broadleaved species, of which ash and maple distinguished most clearly from spruce by very low Corg and Nt stocks in the FF developed as mull humus layer, had greater Corg and Nt stocks, and narrow Corg:Nt ratios in the mineral topsoil. Over 11 years, FF Corg and Nt stocks increased most under spruce, while small decreases in bulk mineral soil (esp. in 0–15 cm and 0–30 cm depth) Corg and Nt stocks dominated irrespective of species. Observed decadal changes were associated with site‐related and tree species‐mediated soil properties in a way that hinted towards short‐term accumulation and mineralisation dynamics of easily available organic substances. We found no indication for Corg stabilisation. However, results indicated increasing Nt stabilisation with increasing biomass of burrowing earthworms, which were highest under ash, lime and maple and lowest under spruce. Highlights We studied if tree species differences in topsoil Corg and Nt stocks substantiate after a decade. The study is unique in its repeated soil sampling in a multisite common garden experiment. Forest floors increased under spruce, but topsoil stocks decreased irrespective of species. Changes were of short‐term nature. Nitrogen was most stable under arbuscular mycorrhizal species.
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaff (DFG)
    Keywords: ddc:551.9 ; ddc:631.41
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Tursiops truncatus (Bottlenose Dolphin) - MCZ 16475 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-30
    Description: Tursiops truncatus (Bottlenose Dolphin) - MCZ 16475 - female - length unknown - Pelvic location - Harvard University
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 6
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    Tursiops truncatus (Bottlenose Dolphin) - UMA 4825 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-30
    Description: Tursiops truncatus (Bottlenose Dolphin) - UMA 4825 - male 2.75 m - Pelvic location - UMASS Amherst
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  • 7
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    Tursiops truncatus (Bottlenose Dolphin) - MCZ 7899 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-30
    Description: Tursiops truncatus (Bottlenose Dolphin) - MCZ 7899 - male - length unknown - Pelvic location - Harvard University
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  • 8
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    Oceanographic and underwater acoustics research : conducted during the period 1 November 1960 - 30 April 1961 (2020)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Digital computing techniques have been used in special computing applications in underwater acoustics at WHOI for many years, but recently we have commenced intensive application of digital data handling and computing facilities to a variety of computing, data storage, and data handling problems. Progress in these applications is described under Acoustic Instrumentation below. Some bathymetric studies carried out recently under another contract have shown that even very narrow-beam, single-beam echo sounders simply cannot provide reliable depth sounding information where the topography is complex. In this work we have been experimenting with the inverted echo sounder, discussed below, originally developed to measure depth of the sound velocimeter. The inverted echo sounder is lowered to a position within a few feet of the bottom. The total acoustic travel time from surface to bottom may be read as the sum of the travel times from the instrument to the bottom and surface . True depth is then computed in the usual way with appropriate s cnmd velocity data. In its present form the inverted echo sounder is suitable for mapping ~mall areas~ a few square miles, provided there is a suitable means of positioning the instrument. We have experimented with radio-acoustic navigation, and intend to experiment with vertical triangulation from the suspending ship as well. Steady demands for new, modified, and improved instrumentation have been responded to in echo sounding, seismic profiling, and spectrum analysis, as detailed below.
    Description: Undersea Warfare Branch Office of Naval Research Under Contracts Nonr-1367(00)NR261-102 and Nonr-2129(00)NR261-104
    Keywords: Underwater acoustics ; Oceanographic instruments
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  • 9
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    Some current measurements in the Sargasso Sea (2020)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Also published as: Deep-Sea Research 12 (1965): 805-814
    Description: Long-term current measurements at depths of 50 and 100m obtained with Richardson current meters at two deep-water moorings south of Bermuda are reported. The records are dominated by anticyclonic rotations which appear and degenerate, possibly in response to the passage of storms. Spectral analysis of the records indicates that this motion has a period of 24 hours at a depth of 50 m, and 25·3 hours at a depth of 100m. No explanation is given to account for this difference in period over a 50-m separation. Both records indicate the existence of semidiurnal tidal motion. The long-term motions at both depths indicate a systematic change in the net direction of flow over a three-month period.
    Description: The Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-2196(00) NR 083-004.
    Keywords: Ocean currents--Measurement ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Sargasso Sea
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  • 10
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    WHOI Hawaii Ocean Timeseries Station (WHOTS) : WHOTS-14 2017 mooring turnaround cruise report (2020)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Hawaii Ocean Time-series Station (WHOTS), located approximately 100 km north of Oahu, Hawaii, is intended to provide long-term, high-quality air-sea fluxes as a part of the NOAA Climate Observation Program. The WHOTS mooring also serves as a coordinated part of the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) program, contributing to the goals of observing heat, fresh water and chemical fluxes at a site representative of the oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean. The approach is to maintain a surface mooring instrumented for meteorological and oceanographic measurements at a site near 22.75°N, 158°W by successive mooring turnarounds. These observations are used to investigate air–sea interaction processes related to climate variability. This report documents recovery of the thirteenth WHOTS mooring (WHOTS-13) and deployment of the fourteenth mooring (WHOTS-14). Both moorings used Surlyn foam buoys as the surface element and were outfitted with two Air–Sea Interaction Meteorology (ASIMET) systems. Each ASIMET system measures, records, and transmits via Argos and Iridium satellite the surface meteorological variables necessary to compute air–sea fluxes of heat, moisture and momentum. The upper 155 m of the moorings were outfitted with oceanographic sensors for the measurement of temperature, conductivity and velocity in a cooperative effort with Dr. Roger Lukas of the University of Hawaii. A pCO2 system and ancillary sensors were installed on the buoys in cooperation with Adrienne J. Sutton at the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. The WHOTS mooring turnaround was conducted on the NOAA ship Hi’ialakai (R/V HA). Operations were a joint effort undertaken by the Upper Ocean Processes group (UOP) of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), the University of Hawaii’s (UH) Hawaii Ocean Time-series group (HOT), and the able-bodied crew of R/V HA. The cruise took place between 25 July and August 3 2017. Operations began with deployment of the WHOTS-14 mooring on 27 July. This was followed by a period of intercomparison, where meteorological measurements and CTDs were collected at both the W13 and W14 stations. Recovery of the WHOTS-13 mooring took place on 31 July. This report details the in-port operations, pre-cruise buoy preparations, cruise operations and data collected.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grant No. NA14OAR4320158 and the Cooperative Institute for the North Atlantic Region (CINAR).
    Keywords: Hydrography--North Pacific Ocean--Observations ; Oceanographic instruments--North Pacific Ocean--Observations
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 11
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    Alvin instrumentation (2020)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Also published as: 1967 NEREM record : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 9 (1967): 196-197
    Description: THIS PAPER DESCRIBES the equipments used to establish the relative position of ALVIN from her mother ship, the R/V LULU. Operating procedures used at sea are also discussed. A recent review within the Deep Submergence Research Vehicle Program at WHOI established a set of conclusions and guidelines, for internal use, governing the ALVIN locating equipments and procedures.
    Description: The Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr- 3484(00).
    Keywords: Underwater navigation
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  • 12
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    POWER-US Workshop Final Report on Offshore Wind Energy and Passive Acoustic Monitoring: Establishing Standards for Operational Real-time Systems (2020)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Workshop held November 21, 2019, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA
    Description: Real-time autonomous Passive Acoustic Monitoring systems (real-time PAMS) have the ability to detect marine mammal species, including the North Atlantic Right Whale, and provide notification of their presence. This workshop, held at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) on November 21st, 2019, sought to develop an initial framework for creating equipment and performance standards that could be used to benchmark all real-time PAMS as well as data standards that ensure system interoperability. Forty attendees were present, spanning industry, regulatory, scientific, and conservation stakeholder groups. Through presentations and breakout sessions, the group identified and discussed the potential abilities of real-time PAMS to improve situational awareness during wind energy development activities, the types of implementations that are possible in the coming years, and the roadblocks preventing near-term, widespread use of this technology as a risk mitigation solution. Participants agreed that real-time autonomous PAMS hold tremendous promise for reducing the potential risk associated with development activities while at the same time allowing more flexibility to developers. Successful implementation of real-time PAMS for offshore wind energy use was seen as possible now based on existing technology. Workshop attendees identified a number next steps that would further the effectiveness of real-time PAMS within the offshore wind energy industry. However, the lack of a regulatory process for defining the sensing requirements for a particular implementation, as well as the dynamic operational framework within which real-time PAMS would be used were seen as the biggest challenges to effective near-term use.
    Description: Workshop Sponsors: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and POWER-US
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Working Paper
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  • 13
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    Preliminary report CHAIN #11 : 22 February - 22 March 1960 (2020)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: The second half of CHAIN Cruise #11, 22 February until 22 March, 1960, is detailed as to type of measurements made with their specific locations. The cruise areas were in the St. Croix region, the Puerto' Rico Trench and the tracks from the Bahamas to Bermuda to Woods Hole. Camera lowerings, lowerings of the thermal probe and accompanying cores, dredging, sound velocimeter lowerings, and acoustic studies of the scattering layer were the special events undertaken while precision bathymetry and towing of the Continuous Temperature Recording Chain were on a watch standing basis.
    Description: Undersea Warfare Branch, Office of Naval Research Under Contract Nonr- 1367(00) (NR- 261-10 2)
    Keywords: Underwater photography ; Submarine topography ; Marine sediments
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  • 14
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    On the estimation of the directional spectrum of ocean waves from time series observations of surface elevations (2020)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: A mathematical model, consistent with certain physical features of ocean waves may be constructed by superposition of long crested sinusoidal gravity waves. Such a model, as proposed by Pierson (1955) and Longuet-Higgins (1957), depends upon the random superposition of the component waves, so that the interpretation of ocean wave measurements must be regarded as a statistical problem. Barber (1958) has suggested that measurement of sea surface elevation as a function of time at several points along a line array may be used to deduce the distribution of energy with regard to frequency and direction of the component gravity waves. In fact, by preserving the time relationship among the signals from several detectors in a line array , the array need not be physically rotated to examine component gravity waves coming from various directions. After developing the physical basis and mathematical notation for a stochastic model of ocean waves the limitations and potential errors in the measurement and calculation of directional spectra from finite and discrete data are discussed. Finally, some directional spectra calculated from measurements of wind generated waves in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts are presented without attempting interpretation.
    Description: This research was supported in part by the Bureau of Ships Fundamental Hydromechanics Research Program, S-R009 01 01, administered by the David Taylor Model Basin and the Office of Naval Research Under Contract Nonr-3351(00) NR 083- 501 and Nonr 2734(00) NR 083-143.
    Keywords: Ocean waves--Mathematical models
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  • 15
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    Oceanographic and underwater acoustics research : conducted during the period 1 May 1966 - 31 October 1966 (2020)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: This i s a status report for the period 1 May 1966 to 31 October 1966 for Contract Nonr - 4029 with the Office of Naval Research. Subjects of this contract are in Oceanic Acoustics, Physical Oceanography, Sea Floor Properties and Advisory Activities. Preliminary results of a cruise by CHAIN to the Mediterranean and the Red Sea during the summer of 1966 are given. Sound-velocity and temperature structure south of Bermuda as observed from ATLANTIS II (June, July 1966) are described. Continuing analysis of acoustical and geophysical data is discussed. Papers, reports, and technical memoranda written during this period are listed.
    Description: The Undersea Warfare Branch., Office of Naval Research., under Contract.Nonr-4029(00) NR 260-101.
    Keywords: Underwater acoustics
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  • 16
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    Oceanographic and underwater acoustics research : conducted during the period 1 May - 31 October 1963 (2020)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: This is a report of the research program under contracts Nonr-4029 (1 May - 31 October 1963), and Nonr-3243 (1 May - 31 October 1963} . Both contracts are with the Office of Naval Research, Code 466. Contract Nonr-4029 is a continuation of Contract Nonr-1367. Under Contract Nonr-4029, ATLANTIS· II and CHAIN, in May and August, were employed in searching for the sunken submarine THRESHER by various means. Under the same contract, activities were devoted also to the development of systems or components of systems for search and for navigational control required in such operations. One system of submerged navigation was employed for locating suspended instruments by acoustic ranging from the ship. A second navigation system was also tested which depends on acoustic ranging either from the ship or from the suspended instrument to a hydrophone buoyed near the bottom. This hydrophone is connected to a radio link in a surface buoy. This system will be useful not only for navigation but also for bottom reflection studies. A program has been started to print and mount all photos taken by WHOI on the THRESHER search; it will be coordinated with other similar efforts in the continuing investigation of the disaster. Under Contracts Nonr-4029 and Nonr-3243 considerable progress has been made in other research, which is described in this report .
    Description: Submitted to Under sea Warfare Branch Office of Naval Research Under· Contracts Nonr- 4029(00)NR261-10 2 and Nonr- 3243(00) NR261-136
    Keywords: Submarine geology ; Underwater acoustics ; Oceanographic instruments
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  • 17
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    Final Report on Gravity Program (2020)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: The report presented is the final one under Air Force Cambridge Research Center Contract 19(604)·2157 with the Woods Role Oceanographic Institution. The report covers a program of pendulum and gravimeter measurements conducted over the period 1950·1959. The original objective of the program was to establish a series of reliable gravity control measurements through the use of pendulums over a sufficient range of gravity to permit the calibration of geodetic gravimeters with an accuracy of one part in 5000 over a range of 5000 mgals and thus assure a potential accuracy of 1 mgal or better with such gravimeters on any global series of measurements. With time this objective was modified to include the establishment of pendulum gravity measurements outside of North America as there appeared to be no unanimity of international opinion regarding a gravity standard. A second objective of the program was to expand the gravity coverage and standardize existing gravity surveys within the United States so that reliable gravity anomaly maps could be prepared. A third objective was to strengthen and expand the world network of airport gravity bases established earlier under the auspices of the Office of Naval Research so that data in all parts of the world could be integrated onto the same datum and gravity standard. The report is subdivided on the basis of these objectives into three principal parts plus an introductory chapter giving the history o~ the program, and a final chapter presenting recommendations as to further work deemed desirable. Dr. J. C. Rose, who has been in charge of the pendulum program since its inception, prepared the second portion of the report, which deals with the pendulum measurements, and the writer prepared the remainder.
    Description: Work carried out under Contract AF19 (604)2157 with the Geophysics Research Directorate Air Force Cambridge Research Center Air Research and Development Command.
    Keywords: Gravity--Measurement
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  • 18
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    Sonar research conducted during the period 1 January - 31 March 1961 (2020)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: This is a report of activities supported under Contract NObsr-72521 for the period 1 January through 31 March 1961. It also contains mention of other reports, papers, and undertakings of the submarine geophysics group (listed under "Personnel") which are believed to be of interest to the Bureau of Ships. During this period no cruises have been supported directly under this contract. Eight members of the group under the leadership of Dr. Voorhis have participated in a cruise of CHAIN to the Romanche Trench. Their principal objective was to determine the sill depth which controls the exchange of deep, cold water ,between the western and eastern sides of the Atlantic Ocean. This sill was previously identified from hydrographic evidence to lie somewhat east of the Romanche Trench. A second objective was to continue the observations of temperature structure near the sea's surface with the thermistor chain. Another group, under Mr. Baxter's leadership, continued a sound transmission study in the Bermuda area in support of Project ARTEMIS. A third group, under Dr. Hays's direction, commenced a finely detailed bathymetric survey of an area of special interest to Project ARTEMIS. In all three of these studies we are making use of one or more experimental techniques in the use of sonobuoys, underwater acoustic navigation for submerged instruments, and sound coherence studies which are planned for use eventually in sound transmission and bottom reflection research under this contract.
    Description: Bureau of Ships Under Contract NObsr-72521
    Keywords: Sonar ; Underwater acoustics ; Submarine geology
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  • 19
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    Latitudinal structure of the meridional overturning circulation variability on interannual to decadal time scales in the North Atlantic Ocean (2020)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2020. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Climate 33(9), (2020): 3845-3862, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0215.1.
    Description: The latitudinal structure of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) variability in the North Atlantic is investigated using numerical results from three ocean circulation simulations over the past four to five decades. We show that AMOC variability south of the Labrador Sea (53°N) to 25°N can be decomposed into a latitudinally coherent component and a gyre-opposing component. The latitudinally coherent component contains both decadal and interannual variabilities. The coherent decadal AMOC variability originates in the subpolar region and is reflected by the zonal density gradient in that basin. It is further shown to be linked to persistent North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) conditions in all three models. The interannual AMOC variability contained in the latitudinally coherent component is shown to be driven by westerlies in the transition region between the subpolar and the subtropical gyre (40°–50°N), through significant responses in Ekman transport. Finally, the gyre-opposing component principally varies on interannual time scales and responds to local wind variability related to the annual NAO. The contribution of these components to the total AMOC variability is latitude-dependent: 1) in the subpolar region, all models show that the latitudinally coherent component dominates AMOC variability on interannual to decadal time scales, with little contribution from the gyre-opposing component, and 2) in the subtropical region, the gyre-opposing component explains a majority of the interannual AMOC variability in two models, while in the other model, the contributions from the coherent and the gyre-opposing components are comparable. These results provide a quantitative decomposition of AMOC variability across latitudes and shed light on the linkage between different AMOC variability components and atmospheric forcing mechanisms.
    Description: The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Physical Oceanography Program of the U.S. National Science Foundation (Awards OCE-1756143 and OCE-1537136) and the Climate Program Office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Award NA15OAR4310088). Gratitude is extended to Claus Böning and Arne Biastoch who shared ORCA025 output. S. Zou thanks F. Li, M. Buckley, and L. Li for helpful discussions. We also thank three anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions.
    Keywords: Deep convection ; Ocean circulation ; Thermocline circulation
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  • 20
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    Initial cruise report : Chain 115, leg 6 (2021)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Leg 6 of CHAIN Cruise 115 began in Rio de Janeiro on 22 April 1974, and terminated in Recife on 18 May 1974. A multi-disciplinary scientific program was carried out within the Vema Channel and on the northern flanks of the Rio Grande Rise (see Figure 1). Personnel and scientific programs representing several institutions (W.H.O.I., Scripps, Lamont-Doherty) were included in the project; Brazilian observers representing PETROBRAS and the National Research Council also participated in the program.
    Description: Prepared for the National Science Foundation under Grant GA-41186. Financial support for shipboard operations and most of the scientific programs during Leg 6 of CHAIN Cruise 115 was provided under National Science Foundation grant GA-41185. Seismic profiling and bathymetry were supported under O.N.R. Contract N00014-66-C-0241. Bottom current measurements received support under N.S.F. Grant No. GA-41285 to W. Patzert and to J.L. Reid (Scripps). Support for the Lamont-Doherty nephelometer program was provided under O.N.R. Contract N00014-67-A-0108-0004 and N.S.F. Grant GA-27281. Supplementary equipment items required for the transponder navigation system were provided by the Woods Hole Ocean Industry Program.
    Keywords: Ocean bottom ; Ocean currents ; Rio Grande
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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    Importance of Orography for Greenland cloud and melt response to atmospheric blocking (2020)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2020. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Hahn, L. C., Storelvmo, T., Hofer, S., Parfitt, R., & Ummenhofer, C. C. Importance of Orography for Greenland cloud and melt response to atmospheric blocking. Journal of Climate, 33(10), (2020): 4187-4206, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0527.1.
    Description: More frequent high pressure conditions associated with atmospheric blocking episodes over Greenland in recent decades have been suggested to enhance melt through large-scale subsidence and cloud dissipation, which allows more solar radiation to reach the ice sheet surface. Here we investigate mechanisms linking high pressure circulation anomalies to Greenland cloud changes and resulting cloud radiative effects, with a focus on the previously neglected role of topography. Using reanalysis and satellite data in addition to a regional climate model, we show that anticyclonic circulation anomalies over Greenland during recent extreme blocking summers produce cloud changes dependent on orographic lift and descent. The resulting increased cloud cover over northern Greenland promotes surface longwave warming, while reduced cloud cover in southern and marginal Greenland favors surface shortwave warming. Comparison with an idealized model simulation with flattened topography reveals that orographic effects were necessary to produce area-averaged decreasing cloud cover since the mid-1990s and the extreme melt observed in the summer of 2012. This demonstrates a key role for Greenland topography in mediating the cloud and melt response to large-scale circulation variability. These results suggest that future melt will depend on the pattern of circulation anomalies as well as the shape of the Greenland Ice Sheet.
    Description: This research was supported by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Summer Student Fellow program, by the U.S. National Science Foundation under AGS-1355339 to C.C.U., and by the European Research Council through Grant 758005.
    Keywords: Ice sheets ; Blocking ; Cloud cover ; Topographic effects ; Climate change ; Climate variability
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    Type: Article
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  • 22
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    Impacts of Arctic Sea Ice on Cold Season Atmospheric Variability and Trends Estimated from Observations and a Multi-model Large Ensemble (2022)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-01
    Description: To examine the atmospheric responses to Arctic sea ice variability in the Northern Hemisphere cold season (from October to the following March), this study uses a coordinated set of large-ensemble experiments of nine atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) forced with observed daily varying sea ice, sea surface temperature, and radiative forcings prescribed during the 1979–2014 period, together with a parallel set of experiments where Arctic sea ice is substituted by its climatology. The simulations of the former set reproduce the near-surface temperature trends in reanalysis data, with similar amplitude, and their multimodel ensemble mean (MMEM) shows decreasing sea level pressure over much of the polar cap and Eurasia in boreal autumn. The MMEM difference between the two experiments allows isolating the effects of Arctic sea ice loss, which explain a large portion of the Arctic warming trends in the lower troposphere and drive a small but statistically significant weakening of the wintertime Arctic Oscillation. The observed interannual covariability between sea ice extent in the Barents–Kara Seas and lagged atmospheric circulation is distinguished from the effects of confounding factors based on multiple regression, and quantitatively compared to the covariability in MMEMs. The interannual sea ice decline followed by a negative North Atlantic Oscillation–like anomaly found in observations is also seen in the MMEM differences, with consistent spatial structure but much smaller amplitude. This result suggests that the sea ice impacts on trends and interannual atmospheric variability simulated by AGCMs could be underestimated, but caution is needed because internal atmospheric variability may have affected the observed relationship.
    Description: Published
    Description: 8419–8443
    Description: 2A. Fisica dell'alta atmosfera
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Arctic ; Sea ice ; Atmospheric circulation ; Climate models ; 01.01. Atmosphere
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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    Atlantic Multidecadal Variability and North Atlantic Jet: A Multimodel View from the Decadal Climate Prediction Project (2022)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-14
    Description: The influence of the Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV) on the North Atlantic storm track and eddy-driven jet in the winter season is assessed via a coordinated analysis of idealized simulations with state-of-the-art coupled models. Data used are obtained from a multimodel ensemble of AMV± experiments conducted in the framework of the Decadal Climate Prediction Project component C. These experiments are performed by nudging the surface of the Atlantic Ocean to states defined by the superimposition of observed AMV± anomalies onto the model climatology. A robust extratropical response is found in the form of a wave train extending from the Pacific to the Nordic seas. In the warm phase of the AMV compared to the cold phase, the Atlantic storm track is typically contracted and less extended poleward and the low-level jet is shifted toward the equator in the eastern Atlantic. Despite some robust features, the picture of an uncertain and model-dependent response of the Atlantic jet emerges and we demonstrate a link between model bias and the character of the jet response.
    Description: Published
    Description: 347-360
    Description: 4A. Oceanografia e clima
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 24
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    Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale) - LACM 054497 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale) - LACM 054497 - female - 8.84 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Balaena mysticetus ; Bowhead whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 25
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    Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - MAL 03-282 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - MAL-03-282 - female - 8.50 m - Pelvic location - University of Michigan 24-foot female that washed ashore in stormy weather at Cape Neddick, York, York County, ME. Examined on 4 October. Its stomach was packed full of the bones of small fish. The nearly complete skeleton was salvaged on 19 October but had been damaged by the heavy surf on the rocky shoreline. The rostrum was missing but cranium undamaged with both auditory bullae in place, the right flipper was missing to the radius and ulna the ends of which were worn off, and the right mandible dropped out but was found brought up from the shore into a neighbor’s yard about a mile away.
    Keywords: Balaenoptera acutorostrata ; Minke whale
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  • 26
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    Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale) - LACM 072490 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale) - LACM 072490 - female - 16.76 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Balaena mysticetus ; Bowhead whale
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  • 27
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    Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - CCSN 04-152 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - CCSN 04-152 - female - 6.50 m - Pelvic location - Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
    Keywords: Balaenoptera acutorostrata ; Minke whale
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  • 28
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    Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - NUVC-2688 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - NUVC-2688 - female - 7.0 m - Pelvic location - University of Georgia 23-foot, female washed ashore on the south end of Plum Island, milemarker 2.8, N. of Sea Haven Park, Parker River National Wildlife Refuge, Ipswich, Essex Co., MA. Half of 1 tail fluke was missing and healed, the 10th caudal vertebra was crushed and healed, the 9th and its chevron are encrusted in arthritis-like bone growth, and the 3rd had a broken and healed disc. An apparent survivor of a propellor injury. Complete skeleton salvaged for Northeastern Univ., Boston.
    Keywords: Balaenoptera acutorostrata ; Minke whale
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  • 29
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    Balaenoptera borealis (sei whale) - LACM-054505 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera borealis (sei whale) - LACM 054505 - male - 12.8 M - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Balaenoptera borealis ; Sei whale
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  • 30
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    Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - UF 24619 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - UF 24619 - female - 5.75 m - Pelvic location - University of Florida
    Keywords: Balaenoptera acutorostrata ; Minke whale
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  • 31
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    Balaenoptera borealis (sei whale) - USNM-486174 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera borealis (sei whale) - USNM 486174 - male - 13.8 m - Pelvic location - Smithsonian
    Keywords: Balaenoptera borealis ; Sei whale
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  • 32
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    Balaenoptera physalus (fin whale) - IFAW-09-121-Bp (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera physalus (fin whale) - IFAW-09-121-Bp - female - 15.50 m - Pelvic location - New York State Museum. The carcass of a 50.7-foot (1546 cm), sub-adult male was reported floating off Provincetown in the morning and washed ashore on Herring Cove Beach, Cape Cod National Seashore, Provincetown, Barnstable Co., MA later in the day. The necropsy and salvage of the skeleton were done on 23 May and took about 6 hours. The entire skeleton was salvaged, but both sets of ear bones went to Darlene Keton at WHOI and the hyoid bones went with the trachea. The left first rib apparently was not retrieved. One chevron was damaged during cleaning by a dog or coyote. Both pelvic bones were saved. There were fresh mesh net impressions on the skin suggesting that this animal drowned in a pair trawl. There was also an infected cut on the left tail fluke that appeared to have been from a propeller. Both racks of baleen were saved in one piece. The skeleton was given to the New York State Museum, Albany, NY.
    Keywords: Balaenoptera physalus ; Fin whale
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  • 33
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084223 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084223 - female - 1.96 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 34
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084254 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084254 - male - 2.29 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 35
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084240 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084240 - male - 2.35 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 36
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-088982 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-088982 - female - 2.15 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 37
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    Delphinus delphis (common dolphin) - NUVC-2926 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus delphis (common dolphin) - NUVC-2926 - unknown sex - unknown length - Pelvic location - University of Georgia
    Keywords: Delphinus delphis ; Common dolphin
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  • 38
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-086007 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-086007 - female - 1.83 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 39
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084083 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084083 - female - 1.93 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 40
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-088955 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-088955 - female - 1.89 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 41
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084256 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084256 - male - 1.98 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 42
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084021 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084021 - female - 2.14 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 43
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-088999 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-088999 - male - 2.14 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 44
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084163 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084163 - male - 2.26 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 45
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084077 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084077 - male - 2.19 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 46
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    Globicephala melas (long finned pilot whale) - MH-03-616 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Globicephala melas (long finned pilot whale) - MH-03-616 - female - 4.25 m - Pelvic location - unknown
    Keywords: Globicephala melas ; Long finned pilot whale
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  • 47
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    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-086001 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-086001 - male - 1.87 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 48
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    Hollow Core Fiber Methane Sensor (2021)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: We have developed a hollow core fiber optic sensor capable of measuring dissolved methane gas in liquids using only nanoliters of sample gas. The sensor is based on an anti-resonant hollow core fiber combined with a permeable capillary membrane inlet which extracts gas from the liquid for analysis.
    Description: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Innovative Technology Award Schmidt Marine Technology Partners G-2004-59353 NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and ResearchNA18OAR0110354
    Keywords: Methane ; Dissolved gas ; Hollow core fiber
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  • 49
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    Seasonal trends and diel patterns of downsweep and SEP calls in Chilean blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: To learn more about occurrence and behavior of a recently discovered population of blue whales, passive acoustic data were collected for 15 consecutive months (January 2012 – April 2013) in the Chiloense ecoregion of southern Chile. Automatic detectors and manual auditing were used to detect blue whale songs (SEP calls) and D calls, which were then analyzed to gain insights into temporal calling patterns. We found a year-round acoustic presence of D calls, with the majority occurring during austral summer (December to April), with several sub-monthly peaks. On the other hand, no SEP calls were found during austral winter. Thus, our results support previous studies documenting austral summer residency of blue whales in the Chiloense ecoregion, although they suggest that some individuals remain in the area year-round, highlighting the importance of the Chiloense ecoregion as blue whale habitat. We also investigated daily occurrence of each call type and found that D calls occurred more frequently during dusk and night hours compared to dawn and day periods, whereas SEP calls did not show any significant diel differences. Overall, these findings contribute to a better understanding of occurrence and behavior of endangered Chilean blue whales, which can enhance our ability to develop conservation strategies in this important southern hemisphere habitat.
    Keywords: Chilean blue whales ; Marine bioacoustics ; Balaenoptera musculus ; Chile ; D calls ; SEP calls ; Diel patterns ; Seasonal trends ; Marine conservation
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  • 50
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    Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale) - LACM 054474 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale) - LACM 054474 - female - 11.58 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Balaena mysticetus ; Bowhead whale
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  • 51
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    Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale) - LACM 054473 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale) - LACM 054473 - male - 11.6 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Balaena mysticetus ; Bowhead whale
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  • 52
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    Images of cellular ultrastructure of benthic foraminifera from Arctic seeps (2021)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Dissociation of methane hydrates due to ocean warming releases methane, a powerful greenhouse gas, to the atmosphere. Dissociation of gas hydrates may have led to rapid and dramatic environmental changes in the past. Thus, understanding the impact of those events requires information about their timing and magnitudes. While the foraminiferal fossil record provides a powerful tool to understand past environmental conditions, seep-endemic foraminifera are unknown, which limits evaluation of seep-specific information. However, geographically widespread benthic foraminifera do inhabit seep sites, as documented widely in the literature, and may provide information useful to the understanding of past methane releases. In an effort to better understand how benthic foraminifera inhabit this chemosynthesis-based ecosystem, and if they faithfully record the methane emissions, we conducted a multipronged analysis of foraminifera associated with a gas hydrate emission site in the Arctic. Our goal was to simultaneously assess, in single representative calcareous benthic foraminiferal individuals, the cell biology, test stable carbon isotope ratio, and carbonate microstructure (e.g., wall thickness, survey for authigenic overgrowths), from samples collected south of Svalbard, or on Vestnesa Ridge, west of Svalbard). Serially, each specimen was scanned with microCT (computerized tomography) to assess test characteristics, then the test dissolved by acidification while capturing gas to measure stable carbon isotope ratio via continuous-flow mass spectrometry, and finally the remaining soft parts embedded and examined for cell ultrastructure with a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). TEM). Data from isotopic analyses, microCT scans and TEM imaging are presented here.
    Description: This project was funded by NSF (WHOI)OCE-1634469 NSF (UFL)OCE-1634248 Norwegian Research Council223259
    Keywords: Methane seep ; Arctic ; Storfjordrenna ; Vestnesa ; Lomvi ; Benthic foraminifera ; MicroCT scan ; Stable carbon isotopes of calcite ; Ultrastructure ; TEM ; Cytology
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  • 53
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    Unknown
    Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale) - AMNH 30399 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale) - AMNH 30399 - unknown sex - unknown length - Pelvic location - American Museum of Natural History
    Keywords: Balaena mysticetus ; Bowhead whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Still Image
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  • 54
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    Unknown
    Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale) - LACM 054491 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale) - LACM 054491- male - 8.23 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Balaena mysticetus ; Bowhead whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Still Image
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  • 55
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    Unknown
    Stenella coeruleoalba (striped dolphin) - BCPM-7525 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Stenella coeruleoalba (striped dolphin) - BCPM-7525 - male - unknown length - Pelvic location - Royal BC Museum
    Keywords: Stenella coeruleoalba ; Striped dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Still Image
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  • 56
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    Unknown
    Physeter catodon (sperm whale) - NBM-001851 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Physeter catodon (sperm whale) - NBM-001851 - male - unknown length - Pelvic location - New Brunswick Museum
    Keywords: Physeter catodon ; Sperm whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 57
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    Unknown
    Stenella coeruleoalba (striped dolphin) - MCZ-49633 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Stenella coeruleoalba (striped dolphin) - MCZ-49633 - unknown sex - unknown length - Pelvic location - Harvard University
    Keywords: Stenella coeruleoalba ; Striped dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 58
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    Unknown
    Physeter catodon (sperm whale) - AMNH-34872 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Physeter catodon (sperm whale) - AMNH-34872 - male - unknown length - Pelvic location - American Museum of Natural History
    Keywords: Physeter catodon ; Sperm whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 59
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    Unknown
    Stenella coeruleoalba (striped dolphin) - MCZ-37677 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Stenella coeruleoalba (striped dolphin) - MCZ-37677 - unknown sex - unknown length - Pelvic location - Harvard University
    Keywords: Stenella coeruleoalba ; Striped dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 60
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphin) - CCSN-02-128 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphin) - CCSN-02-128 - male - 2.93 m - Pelvic location - unknown
    Keywords: Tursiops truncatus ; Bottlenose dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 61
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    Unknown
    Tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphin) - MCZ-7899 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphin) - MCZ-7899 - male - unknown length - Pelvic location - Harvard University
    Keywords: Tursiops truncatus ; Bottlenose dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 62
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    Unknown
    Stenella attenuata (pantropical spotted dolphin) - LACM-027434 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Stenella attenuata (pantropical spotted dolphin) - LACM-027434 - unknown sex - unknown length - Pelvic location - LA County Museusm
    Keywords: Stenella attenuata ; Pantropical spotted dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 63
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    Unknown
    Tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphin) - MCZ-16475 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphin) - MCZ-16475 - female - unknown length - Pelvic location - Harvard University
    Keywords: Tursiops truncatus ; Bottlenose dolphin
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  • 64
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    Unknown
    Stenella attenuata (pantropical spotted dolphin) - LACM-054043 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Stenella attenuata (pantropical spotted dolphin) - LACM-054043 - male - 1.95 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Stenella attenuata ; Pantropical spotted dolphin
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  • 65
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    Unknown
    Stenella attenuata (pantropical spotted dolphin) - UF-23325 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Stenella attenuata (pantropical spotted dolphin) - UF-23325 - male - 2.28 m - Pelvic location - University of Florida
    Keywords: Stenella attenuata ; Pantropical spotted dolphin
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  • 66
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    Unknown
    Stenella coeruleoalba (striped dolphin) - UMA-4900 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Stenella coeruleoalba (striped dolphin) - UMA-4900 - male - 2.33 m - Pelvic location - UMass Amherst
    Keywords: Stenella coeruleoalba ; Striped dolphin
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  • 67
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    Unknown
    Tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphin) - UMA-4825 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphin) - UMA-4825 - male - 2.75 m - Pelvic location - UMass Amherst
    Keywords: Tursiops truncatus ; Bottlenose dolphin
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  • 68
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    Unknown
    Stenella attenuata (pantropical spotted dolphin) - UF-18984 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Stenella attenuata (pantropical spotted dolphin) - UF-18984 - male - 2.13 m - Pelvic location - University of Florida
    Keywords: Stenella attenuata ; Pantropical spotted dolphin
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  • 69
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    Unknown
    Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - NEAQ-12-046-Ba (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) -NEAQ-12-046-Ba - female - 7.2 m - Pelvic location - Trustees of Reservation A very fresh 23.6-foot (720 cm), sub-adult female with numerous rope marks and severe underlying bruising washed ashore on Crane Beach, Ipswich, MA. A necropsy was conducted the following day and the entire skeleton was salvaged. All the bones were salvaged, and none were found to be broken. The stomach was full of herring indicating a sudden death. The skeleton shows damage that may be consistent with Brucella. The skeleton was given to the Trustees of Reservations to be articulated and displayed in a new visitor�s center scheduled, but now on hold, to be built at Crane Beach.
    Keywords: Balaenoptera acutorostrata ; Minke whale
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  • 70
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    Unknown
    Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - NUVC-3553 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - NUVC-3553 - female - 6.89 m - Pelvic location - University of Georgia 22-foot, female washed ashore at Nauset Beach, Orleans, Barnstable Co., MA. Most of skeleton, missing right flipper with humerus which was accidently left on beach, all 7 cervical vertebra, 1 thoracic vertebra, 15 of 22 ribs, all 3 hyoid bones, 1 pelvic bone, and the sternum, salvaged on 19 June for Northeastern Univ., Boston.
    Keywords: Balaenoptera acutorostrata ; Minke whale
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  • 71
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    Unknown
    Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - MH-03-621 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - MH-03-621 - male - 6.7 m - Pelvic location - Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 21.3-foot (255 inches), ~8,400 lb., sub-adult male that washed ashore very fresh on Singing Beach, Manchester, Essex Co., MA. This animal had deep cuts on its tail stock suggesting that it was probably carrying rope until it died although none was on the whale when it was found. It was very thin, but the stomach had a large quantity of small fish (herring?) bones from a recent meal. The entire skeleton was salvaged, along with one rack of baleen, the next day. The skeleton was given to The World of Nature Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City,
    Keywords: Balaenoptera acutorostrata ; Minke whale
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  • 72
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    Unknown
    Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - NUVC-5036 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - NUVC-5036 - female - 9.14 m - Pelvic location - University of Georgia 30-foot (~914 cm), female washed ashore on Barnes Isl., South Harpswell, Sagadahoc Co., ME. Old adult with all vertebral discs completely fused. Complete skeleton salvaged on 26 June 1999 for Northeastern Univ., Boston.
    Keywords: Balaenoptera acutorostrata ; Minke whale
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  • 73
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    Unknown
    Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) - MH-03-474 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera acutorostrata (minke whale) -MH-03-474 - female - 7.5 m - Pelvic location - Harvard University 24.6-foot (740 cm) adult female washed ashore with rope marks at Bass Rocks, Gloucester, Essex Co., MA. The carcass was pulled off the rocky shore and towed to a nearby sand beach where the entire skeleton was salvaged on 15 May. The baleen was taken by the Whale Research Center.
    Keywords: Balaenoptera acutorostrata ; Minke whale
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  • 74
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    Unknown
    Balaenoptera borealis (sei whale) - USNM-237260 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera borealis (sei whale) - USNM 237260 - male - unknown length - Pelvic location - Smithsonian
    Keywords: Balaenoptera borealis ; Sei whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 75
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    Unknown
    Balaenoptera borealis (sei whale) - AMNH-34871 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera borealis (sei whale) - AMNH-34871 - unknown sex - unknown length - Pelvic location - American Museum of Natural History
    Keywords: Balaenoptera borealis ; Sei whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 76
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    Unknown
    Balaenoptera musculus (blue whale) - USNM-49784 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera musculus (blue whale) - USNM-49784 - female - unknown length - Pelvic location - Smithsonian
    Keywords: Balaenoptera musculus ; Blue whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 77
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    Unknown
    Tidal dispersion in short estuaries (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: The salinity distribution of an estuary depends on the balance between the river outflow, which is seaward, and a dispersive salt flux, which is landward. The dispersive salt flux at a fixed cross-section can be divided into shear dispersion, which is caused by spatial correlations of the cross-sectionally varying velocity and salinity, and the tidal oscillatory salt flux, which results from the tidal correlation between the cross-section averaged, tidally varying components of velocity and salinity. The theoretical moving plane analysis of Dronkers and van de Kreeke (1986) indicates that the oscillatory salt flux is exactly equal to the difference between the “local” shear dispersion at a fixed location and the shear dispersion which occurred elsewhere within a tidal excursion – therefore, they refer to the oscillatory salt flux as “nonlocal” dispersion. We apply their moving plane analysis to a numerical model of a short, tidally dominated estuary and provide the first quantitative confirmation of the theoretical result that the spatiotemporal variability of shear dispersion accounts for the oscillatory salt flux. Shear dispersion is localized in space and time and is most pronounced near regions of flow separation. Notably, we find that dispersive processes near the mouth contribute significantly to the overall salt balance, especially under strong river and tidal forcing. Furthermore, while mechanisms of vertical shear dispersion produce the majority of the dispersive salt flux during neap tide and high river flow, lateral mechanisms associated with flow separation provide the dominant mode of dispersion during spring tide and low flow. Dataset used in support of manuscript "Tidal dispersion in short estuaries". The dataset includes the model output from the idealized estuary for 16 different forcing conditions, corresponding to 4 tidal conditions (weak〈neap〈intm〈spring) and 4 river flow conditions (q01〈q03〈q10〈q30), as well as along-channel salinity measurements in the North River (Marshfield, MA, USA) during a 2017 field campaign.
    Description: This work was funded under NSF Grant OCE-1634490 and NSF Graduate Research Fellowship, Grant No. #1122374
    Keywords: Shear dispersion ; Estuary
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  • 78
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    Unknown
    Balaenoptera musculus (blue whale) - USNM-49788 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera musculus (blue whale) - USNM-49788 - male - unknown length - Pelvic location - Smithsonian
    Keywords: Balaenoptera musculus ; Blue whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 79
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    Unknown
    Balaenoptera physalus (fin whale) - NEAQ-12-187-Bp (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Balaenoptera physalus (fin whale) - NEAQ-12-187-Bp - male - 16.6 m - Pelvic location - unknown
    Keywords: Balaenoptera physalus ; Fin whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 80
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    Unknown
    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084185 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084185 - male - 2.12 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 81
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    Unknown
    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084221 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-084221 - male - 1.85 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 82
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    Unknown
    Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-085995 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus capensis (long-beaked common dolphin) - LACM-085995 - male - 2.10 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus capensis ; Long-beaked common dolphin
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  • 83
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    Unknown
    Delphinus delphis (common dolphin) - CCSN-03-033 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus delphis (common dolphin) - CCSN-03-033 - female - unknown length - Pelvic location - Tom French
    Keywords: Delphinus delphis ; Common dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 84
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    Unknown
    Delphinus delphis (common dolphin) - NUVC-2691 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus delphis (common dolphin) - NUVC-2691 - male - 2.29 m - Pelvic location - University of Georgia
    Keywords: Delphinus delphis ; Common dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 85
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    Unknown
    Delphinus delphis (common dolphin) - NBM-005737 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Delphinus delphis (common dolphin) - NBM-005737 - male - 2.1 m - Pelvic location - New Brunswick Museum
    Keywords: Delphinus delphis ; Common dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 86
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    Unknown
    Kogia breviceps (pygmy sperm whale) - UMA-4877 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Kogia breviceps (pygmy sperm whale) - UMA-4877 - female - 2.85 m - Pelvic location - UMass Amherst
    Keywords: Kogia breviceps ; Pygmy sperm whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 87
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    Unknown
    Kogia breviceps (pygmy sperm whale) - AMNH-35912 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Kogia breviceps (pygmy sperm whale) - AMNH-35912 -unknown sex - unknown length - Pelvic location - American Museum of Natural History
    Keywords: Kogia breviceps ; Pygmy sperm whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 88
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    Unknown
    Globicephala melas (long finned pilot whale) - CCSN-02-185 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Globicephala melas (long finned pilot whale) - CCSN-02-185 - male - 5.75 m - Pelvic location - Harvard University
    Keywords: Globicephala melas ; Long finned pilot whale
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  • 89
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    Unknown
    Lagenorhynchus albirostris (white-beaked dolphin) - MCZ-51859 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Lagenorhynchus albirostris (white-beaked dolphin) - MCZ-51859 - female - 1.97 m - Pelvic location - Harvard University
    Keywords: Lagenorhynchus albirostris ; White-beaked dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 90
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Kogia breviceps (pygmy sperm whale) - UF-15228 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Kogia breviceps (pygmy sperm whale) - UF-15228 - female - unknown length - Pelvic location - University of Florida
    Keywords: Kogia breviceps ; Pygmy sperm whale
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  • 91
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    Unknown
    Lagenorhynchus albirostris (white-beaked dolphin) - MCZ-51859I (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Lagenorhynchus albirostris (white-beaked dolphin) - MCZ-51859I - female - length unknown - Pelvic location - Harvard University
    Keywords: Lagenorhynchus albirostris ; White-beaked dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 92
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    Unknown
    Lagenorhynchus albirostris (white-beaked dolphin) - MCZ-5322 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Lagenorhynchus albirostris (white-beaked dolphin) - MCZ-5322 - male - length unknown - Pelvic location - Harvard University
    Keywords: Lagenorhynchus albirostris ; White-beaked dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 93
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    Unknown
    Lissodelphis borealis (northern right whale dolphin) - LACM-054617 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Lissodelphis borealis (northern right whale dolphin) - LACM-054617 - female - length unknown - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Lissodelphis borealis ; Northern right whale dolphin
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  • 94
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    Unknown
    Lissodelphis borealis (northern right whale dolphin) - LACM-054442 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Lissodelphis borealis (northern right whale dolphin) - LACM-054442 - female - 2.22 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Lissodelphis borealis ; Northern right whale dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Still Image
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 95
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Lissodelphis borealis (northern right whale dolphin) - LACM-095689 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Lissodelphis borealis (northern right whale dolphin) - LACM-095689 - male - 2.18 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Lissodelphis borealis ; Northern right whale dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Still Image
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 96
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Lissodelphis borealis (northern right whale dolphin) - LACM-072455 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Lissodelphis borealis (northern right whale dolphin) - LACM-072455 - male - 2.64 m - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Lissodelphis borealis ; Northern right whale dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Still Image
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 97
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Lissodelphis borealis (northern right whale dolphin) - LACM-054083 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Lissodelphis borealis (northern right whale dolphin) - LACM-054083 - male - length unknown - Pelvic location - LA County Museum
    Keywords: Lissodelphis borealis ; Northern right whale dolphin
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Still Image
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 98
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Megaptera novaeangliae (humpback whale) - NBWM-1933-42 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Megaptera novaeangliae (humpback whale) - NBWM-1933-42 - male - 10.70 m - Pelvic location - unknown
    Keywords: Megaptera novaeangliae ; Humpback whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Still Image
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 99
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Megaptera novaeangliae (humpback whale) - IFAW-10-188-Mn2 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Megaptera novaeangliae (humpback whale) - IFAW-10-188-Mn2 - male - 9.14 m - Pelvic location - International Fund for Animal Welfare
    Keywords: Megaptera novaeangliae ; Humpback whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Still Image
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 100
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Megaptera novaeangliae (humpback whale) - MCZ-63341 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: Megaptera novaeangliae (humpback whale) - MCZ-63341 - male - 8.53 m - Pelvic location - Harvard University. 28 foot (336 inches), yearling male washed ashore at the granite breakwater, Pigeon Cove Harbor, Rockport, Essex Co., MA. Decomposed carcass not reported to NEA until 16 November. Nearly complete but damaged skeleton, missing right mandible, both radius & ulna, and outer portion of one flipper, and with rostrum broken off and greatly fragmented ,cranium mostly intact, many vertebral discs and inter-vertebral processes broken, and 1 neural arch broken, salvaged on 17 November, and given to the MCZ, Harvard Univ.
    Keywords: Megaptera novaeangliae ; Humpback whale
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Still Image
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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