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  • PANGAEA  (234,609)
  • American Physical Society  (216,541)
  • ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
  • 2020-2023  (15)
  • 2020-2020
  • 2015-2019  (147,040)
  • 2005-2009  (277,207)
  • 1980-1984  (27,127)
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  • 1
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    The spectrum of persistent volcanic flank instability: A review and proposed framework based on Kīlauea, Piton de la Fournaise, and Etna (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-19
    Description: Persistent motion of the south flank of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, has been known for several decades, but has only recently been identified at other large basaltic volcanoes-namely Piton de la Fournaise (La Reunion) and Etna (Sicily)-thanks to the advent of space geodetic techniques. Nevertheless, understanding of long-term flank instability is based largely on the example of Kilauea, despite the large differences in the manifestations and mechanisms of the process when viewed through a comparative lens. For example, the rate of flank motion at Kilauea is several times that of Etna and Piton de la Fournaise and is accommodated on a slip plane several km deeper than is probably present at the other two volcanoes. Gravitational spreading also appears to be the dominant driving force at Kilauea, given the long-term steady motion of the volcano's south flank regardless of eruptive/intrusive activity, whereas magmatic activity plays a larger role in flank deformation at Etna and Piton de la Fournaise. Kilauea and Etna, however, are both characterized by heavily faulted flanks, while Piton de la Fournaise shows little evidence for flank faulting. A helpful means of understanding the spectrum of persistent flank motion at large basaltic edifices may be through a framework defined on one hand by magmatic activity (which encompasses both magma supply and edifice size), and on the other hand by the structural setting of the volcano (especially the characteristics of the subvolcanic basement or subhorizontal intravolcanic weak zones). A volcano's size and magmatic activity will dictate the extent to which gravitational and magmatic forces can drive motion of an unstable flank (and possibly the level of faulting of that flank), while the volcano's structural setting governs whether or not a plane of weakness exists beneath or within the edifice and can facilitate flank slip. Considering persistent flank instability using this conceptual model is an alternative to using a single volcano as a "type example"-especially given that the example is usually Kilauea, which defines an extreme end of the spectrum-and can provide a basis for understanding why flank motion may or may not exist on other large basaltic volcanoes worldwide.
    Description: U.S. Geological Survey, Agence Nationale de la Recherche ANR-16-CE04-0004-01, European MEDSUV project
    Description: Published
    Description: 63-80
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Flank instability ; Deformation ; Basaltic volcanism ; Kīlauea ; Etna ; Piton de la Fournaise ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Relationships between biodiversity and the stability of marine ecosystems: comparisons at a European scale using meta-analysis. (2015)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Sea Research, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 98, pp. 5-14, ISSN: 1385-1101
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-16
    Description: The relationship between biodiversity and stability of marine benthic assemblages was investigated through meta-analyses using existing data sets (n = 28) covering various spatial (m-km) and temporal (1973-2006; ranging from 5 to 〉250 months) scales in different benthic habitats (emergent rock, rock pools and sedimentary habitats) over different European marine systems (North Atlantic and western Mediterranean). Stability was measured by a lower variability in time, and variability was estimated as temporal variance of species richness, total abundance (density or % cover) and community structure (using Bray-Curtis dissimilarities on species composition and abundance). Stability generally decreased with species richness. Temporal variability in species richness increased with the number of species at both quadrat (〈1 m2) and site (100 m2) scales, while no relationship was observed by multivariate analyses. Positive relationships were also observed at the scale of site between temporal variability in species richness and variability in community structure with evenness estimates. This implies that the relationship between species richness or evenness and species richness variability is slightly positive and depends on the scale of observation. Thus, species richness does not stabilize temporal fluctuations in species number, rather species rich assemblages are those most likely to undergo the largest fluctuations in species numbers and abundance from time to time. Changes within community assemblages in terms of structure are, however, generally independent of biodiversity. Except for sedimentary and rock pool habitats, no relationship was observed between temporal variation of total abundances and diversity at either scale. Overall, our results emphasise that the relation between species richness and species-level measures of temporal variability depend on scale of measurements, type of habitats and the marine system (North Atlantic and Mediterranean) considered.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 3
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    Checklist of digital platforms for scientific research (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-30
    Description: The purpose of this list of digital platforms is to facilitate the research of scientific data (articles, books, conferences, websites, indexers, etc.) by students of all undergraduate levels. The interface of platforms have similarities and because of this, low degree of difficulty of use. I emphasize that the key to an excellent literature search on digital platforms is to choose the right "keyword".
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 4
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    Documentation of Weddell seal FIL2018_wed_a_f_02 during the Fil2018 campaign (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 5
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    Documentation of Weddell seal FIL2018_wed_a_f_04 during the Fil2018 campaign (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 6
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    Taxonomy and toxicity of Prorocentrum from Perhentian Islands (Malaysia), with a description of a non-toxigenic species Prorocentrum malayense sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Harmful Algae, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 83, pp. 95-108, ISSN: 1568-9883
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-01
    Description: Thirteen isolates of Prorocentrum species were established from the coral reefs of Perhentian Islands Marine Park, Malaysia and underwent morphological observations and molecular characterization. Six species were found: P. caipirignum, P. concavum, P. cf. emarginatum, P. lima, P. mexicanum and a new morphotype, herein designated as P. malayense sp. nov. Prorocentrum malayense, a species closely related to P. leve, P. cf. foraminosum, P. sp. aff. foraminossum, and P. concavum (Clade A sensu Chomérat et al. 2018), is distinguished from its congeners as having larger thecal pore size and a more deeply excavated V-shaped periflagellar area. Platelet arrangement in the periflagellar area of P. malayense is unique, with the presence of platelet 1a and 1b, platelet 2 being the most anterior platelet, and a broad calabash-shaped platelet 3. The species exhibits consistent genetic sequence divergences for the nuclear-encoded large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU rDNA) and the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2). The phylogenetic inferences further confirmed that it represents an independent lineage, closely related to species in Clade A sensu Chomérat et al. Pairwise comparison of ITS2 transcripts with its closest relatives revealed the presence of compensatory base changes (CBCs). Toxicity analysis showed detectable levels of okadaic acid in P. lima (1.0–1.6 pg cell˗1) and P. caipirignum (3.1 pg cell˗1); this is the first report of toxigenic P. caipirignum in the Southeast Asian region. Other Prorocentrum species tested, including the new species, however, were below the detection limit.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 7
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    Documentation of Weddell seal FIL2018_wed_a_m_05 during the Fil2018 campaign (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 8
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    Documentation of Ross seal PS1112018_ros_a_f_01 during the Fil2018 campaign (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 9
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    Distribution of carbon and nitrogen along hillslopes in three valleys on Herschel Island, Yukon Territory, Canada (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3CATENA, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 178, pp. 132-140, ISSN: 0341-8162
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-28
    Description: Thermokarst results from the thawing of ice-rich permafrost and alters the biogeochemical cycling in the Arctic by reworking soil material and redistributing soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) along uplands, hillslopes, and lowlands. Understanding the impact of this redistribution is key to better estimating the storage of SOC in permafrost terrains. However, there are insufficient studies quantifying long-term impacts of thaw processes on the distribution of SOC and TN along hillslopes. We address this issue by providing estimates of SOC and TN stocks along the hillslopes of three valleys located on Herschel Island (Yukon, Canada), and by discussing the impact of hillslope thermokarst on the variability of SOC and TN stocks. We found that the average SOC and TN 0–100 cm stocks in the valleys were 26.4 ± 8.9 kg C m-2 and 2.1 ± 0.6 kg N m-2. We highlight the strong variability in the soils physical and geochemical properties within hillslope positions. High SOC stocks were found at the summits, essentially due to burial of organic matter by cryoturbation, and at the toeslopes due to impeded drainage which favored peat formation and SOC accumulation. The average carbon-to‑nitrogen ratio in the valleys was 12.9, ranging from 9.7 to 18.9, and was significantly higher at the summits compared to the backslopes and footslopes (p 〈 0.05), suggesting a degradation of SOC downhill. Carbon and nitrogen contents and stocks were significantly lower on 16% of the sites that were previously affected by hillslope thermokarst (p 〈 0.05). Our results showed that lateral redistribution of SOC and TN due to hillslope thermokarst has a strong impact on the SOC storage in ice-rich permafrost terrains.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 10
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    Was the Arctic Ocean ice free during the latest Cretaceous? The role of CO2 and gateway configurations (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Global and Planetary Change, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 177, pp. 201-212, ISSN: 0921-8181
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 11
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    Interactions of trace elements and organic ligands in seawater and implications for quantifying biogeochemical dynamics: A review (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Earth-Science Reviews, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 192, pp. 631-649, ISSN: 0012-8252
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-03
    Description: Interactions between dissolved trace elements and organic ligands in seawater play an important role in ocean biogeochemistry, ranging from regulating primary production in surface waters to element cycling on basin-wide scale, with strong feedbacks to climate variability. In this study, we review different aspects in the field of marine trace elements and their organic ligands: recent instrumental innovation, factors that affect the fate of trace element complexes at the molecular level, spatial distribution of organic matter – trace element complexes in the ocean, modeling approaches as well as prospect in the scenarios of climate variability. We also assess the critical issues of parameterization in the numerical simulation that incorporate the trace elements – organic ligands interactions. Given the predicted climate changes, we examine the potential of exchange between inorganic and organic complexes for trace elements in different oceanic provinces.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 12
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    The Falkland Plateau in the context of Gondwana breakup (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Gondwana Research, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 68, pp. 108-115, ISSN: 1342-937X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-05
    Description: During the Jurassic, the Falkland Plateau was part of Gondwana and occupied a position between the African and Antarctic plates. Several contrasting models exist for the breakup of Gondwana that depend on assumptions about the currently unknown crustal structure of the Falkland Plateau. Here, we present the results of recently acquired wide-angle seismic data along the entire plateau that provide sound constraints on its role in geodynamic reconstructions. In contrast to published crustal models, the new data show that the Falkland Plateau Basin consists of up to 20 km thick oceanic crust, which is bounded to the east by a continental fragment, the Maurice Ewing Bank. In a refined geodynamic model, rifting started between the Falkland Islands and the Maurice Ewing Bank at ~178 Ma and ceased at around ~154 Ma. The plateau's exceptionally thick oceanic crust likely results from its position in an extensional back-arc-regime situated over a mantle thermal anomaly that was also responsible for the extensive onshore Karoo-Ferrar and Chon Aike volcanic provinces.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 13
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    Does ecosystem variability explain phytoplankton diversity? Solving an ecological puzzle with long-term data sets (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Sea Research, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 135, pp. 11-17, ISSN: 1385-1101
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-09
    Description: Explaining species diversity as a function of ecosystem variability is a long-term discussion in community-ecology research. Here, we aimed to establish a causal relationship between ecosystem variability and phytoplankton diversity in a shallow-sea ecosystem. We used long-term data on biotic and abiotic factors from Helgoland Roads, along with climate data to assess the effect of ecosystem variability on phytoplankton diversity. A point cumulative semi-variogram method was used to estimate the long-term ecosystem variability. A Markov chain model was used to estimate dynamical processes of species i.e. occurrence, absence and outcompete probability. We identified that the 1980s was a period of high ecosystem variability while the last two decades were comparatively less variable. Ecosystem variability was found as an important predictor of phytoplankton diversity at Helgoland Roads. High diversity was related to low ecosystem variability due to non-significant relationship between probability of a species occurrence and absence, significant negative relationship between probability of a species occurrence and probability of a species to be outcompeted by others, and high species occurrence at low ecosystem variability. Using an exceptional marine long-term data set, this study established a causal relationship between ecosystem variability and phytoplankton diversity.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 14
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    Information for MAPS whale sighting data, v. 2018-12-18 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-19
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 15
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    The initial Gondwana break-up: A synthesis based on new potential field data of the Africa-Antarctica Corridor (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Tectonophysics, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 750, pp. 301-328, ISSN: 0040-1951
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-21
    Description: The initial opening of the Africa-Antarctica Corridor, in the heart of Gondwana, is still enigmatic due to missing information on the origin of major crustal features and the exact timing of the onset of the first oceanic crust in the Jurassic. Therefore, in 2014, new ship-borne magnetic data were systematically acquired in the northern Mozambique Basin and across Beira High, which we merged with all accessible magnetic data in the Mozambique Basin. Herein, distinct magnetic lineations are observed, which allow a refined identification of a whole set of Jurassic magnetic spreading anomalies, constraining the timing of the onset of oceanization, beginning at M38n.2n (164.1 Ma). In combination with high-resolution potential field data from the conjugate Antarctic margin, well-expressed fracture zones can be traced throughout the Africa-Antarctica Corridor and allow the precise rotation of Antarctica back to Africa. The initial fit depicts striking continuations of onshore tectonic features across the plate boundaries taking onshore aeromagnetic data of both margins into account. Within a tight Gondwana fit, the Beira High can be restored along the major sinistral Namama-Orvin Shear Zone of the East African-Antarctic Orogen. The Beira High represents a continental block, which was detached from Antarctica, by 157 Ma at the latest. Simultaneously, the Antarctic plate cleared the area of the MCP. However, the crustal nature of the southern MCP remains ambiguous. The Northern Natal Valley and the Mozambique Ridge consist of thick oceanic crust, being emplaced between M26r-M18n (157.1–144 Ma) and M18n-M6n (144–131.7 Ma), respectively. About the half of this crust was won from the Antarctic plate by a series of southwards directed ridge jumps to the northern boundary of the Explora Wedge. A refined kinematic break-up model constrained by the most extensive magnetic dataset is presented describing consistently the initial opening of the Africa-Antarctica Corridor and the Somali Basin.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 16
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    Can domoic acid affect escape response in copepods? (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Harmful Algae, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 79, pp. 50-52, ISSN: 1568-9883
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-10-01
    Description: Copepods are important grazers on toxic phytoplankton and serve as vectors for algal toxins up the marine food web. Success of phytoplankton depends among other factors on protection against grazers like copepods, and same way copepod survival and population resilience relies on their ability to escape predators. Little is, however, known about the effect of toxins on the escape response of copepods. In this study we experimentally tested the hypothesis that the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA) produced by the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia affects escape responses of planktonic copepods. We found that the arctic copepods Calanus hyperboreus and C. glacialis reduced their escape response after feeding on a DA-producing diatom. The two species were not affected the same way; C. hyperboreus was affected after shorter exposure and less intake of DA. The negative effect on escape response was not related to the amount of DA accumulated in the copepods. Our results suggest that further research on the effects of DA on copepod behavior and DA toxicity mechanisms is required to evaluate the anti-grazing function of DA.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 17
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    The Zambezi Channel: a new perspective on submarine channel evolution at low latitudes (2017)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Geomorphology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 286, pp. 121-132, ISSN: 0169-555X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-09
    Description: The submarine Zambezi Channel is the deep, stable, north-south orientated, lower portion of a channel system draining the continental slope of central Mozambique; transporting material southwards into the Mozambique Channel and Basin, southwest Indian Ocean. Using recently collected Multi Beam Echo Sounder and PARASOUND data we discuss the geomorphology of the Zambezi Channel. This system is enigmatic in that the main channel is stable, with low sinuosity despite being at a low latitude where rivers seasonally deliver fine grained sediment. A further enigma is that system does not now continue upslope to the Zambezi River, the largest river in southern Africa. Instead this river flows into the northern Mozambique basin to the south-west of the small channels. The Zambezi Channel is compared to small-scale physical models in an attempt to better understand the geomorphology of the channel. The geomorphological features of the main channel show a quite remarkable resemblance to an analogue model produced within a purely erosive environment. To explain these enigmas, it is proposed that geomorphology of the main Zambezi Channel was produced by periodic, high-volume pulses of flood water, and associated sediment, from the Zambezi River, the second largest river in Africa. These events are considered to be due to minor tectonic movements along the Chobe Fault in the Kalahari that permitted the draining of several palaeo-lake systems between the Early Pleistocene through to the early Mid-Pleistocene. Such repetitive draining of palaeo-lakes would have produced flooding comparable to glacial dam bursts. Such events would deliver significantly more sediment laden flood water to the region than “normal” flow conditions. We hypothesise that these significant flood events have influenced the geomorphology of the Zambezi River to the extent that it is no longer comparable to other low-latitude systems, and exhibits characteristics akin to high-latitude systems with highly variable sediment input.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 18
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    LAPMv2 6.0 - User Manual (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-30
    Description: The LAPMv2 program (or Large-Area Photo-Mosaicking Tool v2) was specifically developed for seafloor mapping applications. It is capable of handling datasets of thousands of images, and relies on robust feature detection and matching algorithms (SIFT) as well as on navigation data from underwater vehicles (ROV, AUV, etc.) for the production of photomosaics. Final photomosaics are geo-referenced and saved as GeoTiff for direct import into a Geographic Information System (GIS).
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 19
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    Full-field predictions of ice dynamic recrystallisation under simple shear conditions (2016)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Earth and Planetary Science Letters, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 450, pp. 233-242, ISSN: 0012-821X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Understanding the flow of ice on the microstructural scale is essential for improving our knowledge of large-scale ice dynamics, and thus our ability to predict future changes of ice sheets. Polar ice behaves anisotropically during flow, which can lead to strain localisation. In order to study how dynamic recrystallisation affects to strain localisation in deep levels of polar ice sheets, we present a series of numerical simulations of ice polycrystals deformed under simple-shear conditions. The models explicitly simulate the evolution of microstructures using a full-field approach, based on the coupling of a viscoplastic deformation code (VPFFT) with dynamic recrystallisation codes. The simulations provide new insights into the distribution of stress, strain rate and lattice orientation fields with progressive strain, up to a shear strain of three. Our simulations show how the recrystallisation processes have a strong influence on the resulting microstructure (grain size and shape), while the development of lattice preferred orientations (LPO) appears to be less affected. Activation of non-basal slip systems is enhanced by recrystallisation and induces a strain hardening behaviour up to the onset of strain localisation and strain weakening behaviour. Simulations demonstrate that the strong intrinsic anisotropy of ice crystals is transferred to the polycrystalline scale and results in the development of strain localisation bands than can be masked by grain boundary migration. Therefore, the finite-strain history is non-directly reflected by the final microstructure. Masked strain localisation can be recognised in ice cores, such as the EDML, from the presence of stepped boundaries, microshear and grains with zig-zag geometries.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 20
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    Ecology and evolution of marine parasites and diseases: International NIOZ-AWI symposium, 10-14 March 2014, Texel, The Netherlands (2015)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Sea Research, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 113, pp. 1-3, ISSN: 1385-1101
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-20
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 21
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    Oxygen isotope composition of diatoms from sediments of Lake Kotokel (Buryatia). (2016)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Russian Geology and Geophysics, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 57, pp. 1213-1221, ISSN: 1068-7971
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-14
    Description: This is a summary of new oxygen isotope data for diatoms from Lake Kotokel sediments, with implications for responses of the lake system and its environment to global change over the past 46 kyr. Fossil diatoms in all samples are free from visible contamination signatures and contain no more than 2.5% Al2O3, which ensures reliable reconstructions. The δ18O values in diatoms vary between +23.7 and +31.2‰ over the record. The results mainly represent diatom assemblages of summer blooming periods, except for the time span between 36 and 32 kyr, when the isotopic signal rather records a shift from summer to spring blooming conditions. Possible water temperature changes only partly explain the changes in the isotopic record. The observed isotopic patterns are produced mainly by isotope changes in lake water in response to variations in air temperature, hydrology, and atmospheric circulation in the region. During Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2 (Last Glacial maximum), high δ18Odiatom resulted from rapid evaporation and low fluvial inputs. The high δ18O values of about +29 to +30‰ during the first half of MIS 1 (Holocene interglacial) suggest an increased share of summer rainfalls associated with southern/southeastern air transport. The δ18O decrease to +24‰ during the second half of MIS 1 is due to the overall hemispheric cooling and increased moisture supply to the area by the Atlantic transport. The record of Lake Kotokel sediments provides an example of complex interplay among several climatic controls of δ18Odiatom in the Late Pleistocene and the Holocene.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 22
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    Collection of symbols and thumbnails (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-05-27
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Seasonal variation in parasite infection patterns of marine fish species from the Northern Wadden Sea in relation to inter annual temperature fluctuations (2016)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Sea Research, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 113, pp. 73-84, ISSN: 1385-1101
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-15
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    IMPETUS/FENNEC AWS network SE-Morocco 2001-2012 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-02
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 25
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    Last glacial-interglacial productivity and associated changes in the eastern Arabian Sea (2017)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 483, pp. 147-156, ISSN: 0031-0182
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    Publication Date: 2017-09-01
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  • 26
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    Crustal deformation and surface kinematics after the 2010 earthquakes in Latin America (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-11
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 27
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    Landscape controls and vertical variability of soil organic carbon storage in the Lena River Delta, supplementary material (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 28
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    Parasites and marine invasions: Ecological and evolutionary perspectives (2015)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Sea Research, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 113, pp. 11-27, ISSN: 1385-1101
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-20
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 29
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    Readme files for data set "Measurements of Urban, Marine and Biogenic Air (MUMBA): characterisation of trace gases and aerosol at the urban, marine and biogenic interface in summer in Wollongong, Australia, 10.1594/PANGAEA.871982" (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-13
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 30
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    Selective byssus attachment behavior of mytilid mussels from hard- and soft-bottom coastal systems (2017)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 497, pp. 61-70, ISSN: 0022-0981
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    Publication Date: 2017-10-03
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 31
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    Identification of Azadinium species and a new azaspiracid from Azadinium poporum in Puget Sound, Washington State, USA (2017)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Harmful Algae, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 68, pp. 152-167, ISSN: 1568-9883
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The identification of a new suite of toxins, called azaspiracids (AZA), as the cause of human illnesses after the consumption of shellfish from the Irish west coast in 1995, resulted in interest in understanding the global distribution of these toxins and of species of the small dinoflagellate genus Azadinium, known to produce them. Clonal isolates of four species of Azadinium, A. poporum, A. cuneatum, A. obesum and A. dalianense were obtained from incubated sediment samples collected from Puget Sound, Washington State in 2016. These Azadinium species were identified using morphological characteristics confirmed by molecular phylogeny. Whereas AZA could not be detected in any strains of A. obesum, A. cuneatum and A. dalianense, all four strains of A. poporum produced a new azaspiracid toxin, based on LC–MS analysis, named AZA-59. The presence of AZA-59 was confirmed at low levels in situ using a solid phase resin deployed at several stations along the coastlines of Puget Sound. Using a combination of molecular methods for species detection and solid phase resin deployment to target shellfish monitoring of toxin at high-risk sites, the risk of azaspiracid shellfish poisoning can be minimized.
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  • 32
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    Seasonal sea ice cover during the warm Pliocene: Evidence from the Iceland Sea (ODP Site 907) (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Earth and Planetary Science Letters, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 481, pp. 61-72, ISSN: 0012-821X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-22
    Description: Sea ice is a critical component in the Arctic and global climate system, yet little is known about its extent and variability during past warm intervals, such as the Pliocene (5.33–2.58Ma). Here, we present the first multi-proxy (IP25, sterols, alkenones, palynology) sea ice reconstructions for the Late Pliocene Iceland Sea (ODP Site 907). Our interpretation of a seasonal sea ice cover with occasional ice-free intervals between 3.50–3.00Ma is supported by reconstructed alkenone-based summer sea surface temperatures. As evidenced from brassicasterol and dinosterol, primary productivity was low between 3.50 and 3.00Ma and the site experienced generally oligotrophic conditions. The East Greenland Current (and East Icelandic Current) may have transported sea ice into the Iceland Sea and/or brought cooler and fresher waters favoring local sea ice formation. Between 3.00 and 2.40Ma, the Iceland Sea is mainly sea ice-free, but seasonal sea ice occurred between 2.81 and 2.74Ma. Sea ice extending into the Iceland Sea at this time may have acted as a positive feedback for the build-up of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS), which underwent a major expansion ∼2.75Ma. Thereafter, most likely a stable sea ice edge developed close to Greenland, possibly changing together with the expansion and retreat of the GIS and affecting the productivity in the Iceland Sea.
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  • 33
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    Quality control flag scale - SPARC database (2017)
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    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2017-10-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 34
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    Description of Drifter during Heincken cruise HE490 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2017-10-29
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 35
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    Short Cruise Report M141-2 -UFO- U-Isotope Fingerprinting of Mediterranean Outflow Water, Ponta Delgada (Portugal) - Varna (Bulgaria), October 5 - 19, 2017 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-06
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 36
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    Astronomically paced changes in deep-water circulation in the western North Atlantic during the middle Eocene (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Earth and Planetary Science Letters, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 484, pp. 329-340, ISSN: 0012-821X
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    Publication Date: 2018-01-09
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  • 37
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    Langenferner Massenhaushaltsstudien - Bericht über die Jahresbilanz 2015/2016 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2017-12-31
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 38
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    SONNE - Expeditionsheft SO259/3 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2018-01-19
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  • 39
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    SONNE - Expeditionsheft SO260-SO262 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2018-01-19
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  • 40
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    Boron isotope-based seasonal paleo-pH reconstruction for the Southeast Atlantic - A multispecies approach using habitat preference of planktonic foraminifera (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Earth and Planetary Science Letters, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 487, pp. 138-150, ISSN: 0012-821X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-15
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  • 41
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    Copepode species list (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2018-03-15
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 42
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    Mass Balance Freya Glacier 2015-16 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2018-03-26
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  • 43
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    AIRLAFONIA ANT2017/18 and ANT2018/19 Weekly Reports (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2019-01-22
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 44
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    SONNE - Expeditionsheft SO263-SO265 (2018)
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    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2018-05-04
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  • 45
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    The continental margin east of the Falkland Islands (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Tectonophysics, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 724-72, pp. 234-253, ISSN: 0040-1951
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-15
    Description: The 1500 km long Falkland Plateau is the most prominent morphological structure in the southern South Atlantic Ocean, which crustal composition and development is mainly unknown. At the westernmost boundary of the plateau, the Falkland Islands' Precambrian geology provides the only insight into basement structure and age. The question of whether continental basement of a similar age and origin underlies the Falkland Plateau further east is strongly disputed. We present new high quality constraints on the crustal fabric of the plateau east of the Falkland Islands, based on wide-angle seismic and potential field data acquired in 2013. The P-wave velocity model, supported by amplitude and density modelling, shows that the Falkland Plateau Basin is filled with 8 km of sediments. Continental crust of 34 km thickness underlies the Falkland Islands. The eastern continental margin of the Falkland Islands can be classified as a volcanic rifted margin. The Falkland Plateau Basin is floored by up to 20 km thick oceanic crust. The exceptionally thick igneous crust and its high lower crustal velocities (up to 7.4 km/s) indicate the influence of a regional thermal mantle anomaly during its formation, which provided extra melt material. The wide-angle model revises published crustal models, which predicted thin oceanic or thick extended continental crust below the Falkland Plateau Basin. Our results provide a sound basis for future tectonic interpretations of the area.
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  • 46
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    Effects of salinity variation on growth and yessotoxin composition in the marine dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedra from a Skagerrak fjord system (western Sweden) (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Harmful Algae, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 78, pp. 9-17, ISSN: 1568-9883
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-01
    Description: The marine dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedra is a toxigenic species capable of forming high magnitude and occasionally harmful algal blooms (HABs), particularly in temperate coastal waters throughout the world. Three cultured isolates of L. polyedra from a fjord system on the Skagerrak coast of Sweden were analyzed for their growth characteristics and to determine the effects of a strong salinity gradient on toxin cell quotas and composition. The cell quota of yessotoxin (YTX) analogs, as determined by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), ranged widely among strains. For two strains, the total toxin content remained constant over time in culture, but for the third strain, the YTX cell quota significantly decreased (by 32%) during stationary growth phase. The toxin profiles of the three strains differed markedly and none produced YTX. The analog 41a-homo-YTX (m/z 1155), its putative methylated derivative 9-Me-41a-homo-YTX (m/z 1169) and an unspecified keto-YTX (m/z 1047) were detected in strain LP29-10H, whereas strain LP30-7B contained nor-YTX (m/z 1101), and two unspecified YTX analogs at m/z 1159 and m/z 1061. The toxin profile of strain LP30-8D comprised two unspecified YTX analogs at m/z 1061 and m/z 991 and carboxy-YTX (m/z 1173). Strain LP30-7B cultured at multiple salinities (10, 16, 22, 28 and 34) did not tolerate the lowest salinity (10), but there was a statistically significant decrease (by 21%) in toxin cell quota between growth at the highest versus lower permissible salinities. The toxin profile for strain LP30-7B remained constant over time for a given salinity. At lower salinities, however, the proportion of the unspecified YTX analog (m/z 1061) was significantly higher, especially with respect to nor-YTX (m/z 1101). This study shows high intra-specific variability in yessotoxin composition among strains from the same geographical region and inconsistency in toxin cell quota under different environmental regimes and growth stages in culture. This variation has important implications for the kinetics of YTX production and food web transfer in natural bloom populations from diverse geographical regions.
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  • 47
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    CTD Data Processing Report - RV POLARSTERN Cruise PS107 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2018-09-14
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 48
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    Nutrient optimization of tree growth alters structure and function of boreal soil food webs (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Forest Ecology and Management, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 428, pp. 46-56, ISSN: 0378-1127
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-09-25
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  • 49
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    Late Quaternary environments in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia: Vegetation, hydrological, and palaeoclimate evolution. (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 514, pp. 77-91, ISSN: 0031-0182
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-11
    Description: Considerable efforts have been devoted to decipher the late Quaternary moisture and thermal evolution of arid central Asia. However, disparate interpretations still exist concerning different proxies. The spatial and temporal heterogeneities have inhibited a holistic understanding of general patterns and underlying mechanisms. To address these issues, two parallel cores (ONW I, 6.00 m; ONW II, 13.35 m) were retrieved in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia from lake Orog Nuur. Multidisciplinary investigations including geomorphological mapping, radiocarbon dating, sedimentological, palynological and ostracod analyses enabled us to gain a comprehensive dataset for vegetation development and hydrological variability over the last ~45 kyr. Higher lake levels during the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 and early MIS 2 (~35–~24 kyr) were probably caused by increased precipitation. The sharp transition of Termination I (~11 kyr) is indicated by sedimentological, palynological, and ostracod data. During the late Pleistocene, the lower area of the Orog Nuur catchment was dominated by Artemisia steppe and gradually altered to Chenopodiaceae desert steppe in the Holocene. The early Holocene is also characterized by a relatively humid environment. The humid pulses during the MIS 3 and the early Holocene were also recorded in other archives and are possibly the trait of a larger scale phenomenon in arid central Asia. Four major harsh climatic periods were documented in the core at ~43 kyr, ~36 kyr, during the global Last Glacial Maximum, and the Younger Dryas as playa phases. Reduced westerlies' moisture transport and a retreated East Asian Summer Monsoon influence probably caused those dry phases in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia.
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  • 50
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    Two novel azaspiracids from Azadinium poporum, and a comprehensive compilation of azaspiracids produced by Amphidomataceae, (Dinophyceae) (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Harmful Algae, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 82, pp. 1-8, ISSN: 1568-9883
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-01-01
    Description: Two novel azaspiracids (AZA) with a molecular mass of 869 Da were found in Pacific strains of Azadinium poporum and characterized by tandem mass spectrometry and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). One compound, AZA-42, was found in Az. poporum strains AZFC25 and AZFC26, both isolated from the South China Sea. AZA-42 belongs to the 360-type AZA that in comparison to AZA-1 has an additional double bond in the F–I ring system of AZA comprising C28-C40. The other compound, AZA-62, was detected in Az. poporum strain 1D5 isolated off Chañaral, Northern Chile. Mass spectral data indicate that AZA-62 is a variant of AZA-11 with an additional double bond in the C1-C9 region of AZA. In addition to the description of the two novel AZA, a comprehensive list of all AZA known to be produced by species of the genera Azadinium and Amphidoma comprising 26 AZA variants is presented.
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  • 51
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    Genetic variability of the striped venus Chamelea gallina in the northern Adriatic Sea (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Fisheries Research, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 201, pp. 68-78, ISSN: 0165-7836
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-04
    Description: Chamelea gallina is a valuable commercial species in the Mediterranean Sea. The strong fishing pressure on C. gallina in the northern and central Adriatic Sea has paralleled a clear-cut decrease in clam population density and the occurrence of several irregular mortality events. Despite the commercial interest in this species, nothing is known about its genetic sub-structuring at the geographic and/or temporal scale, nor its levels of genetic variability. Analyzing microsatellite genotypes for samples collected in the Adriatic Sea, we detected large geographic genetic homogeneity with gene flow guided by broad scale circulation in the north-south direction. Our results also indicate weak genetic differentiation among size classes at the local and temporal scale. These small genetic differences might be determined by variability of local circulation and reproductive success, partial overlapping generations and high larval mortality rates as suggested by our estimates of the effective number of breeders. In fact, global effective population size estimates over multiple generations are medium-high, but a low number of breeders are responsible for the small clams size class recruitment. Notwithstanding, it was not possible to detect signatures of bottleneck. Future efforts in fishery management should aim to maintain genetic diversity – essential to the long-term sustainability of the resource – and limit effective population size fluctuations while considering the need to improve water quality to avoid mass mortality events. Keywords: Microsatellite; Clam fishery; Bivalvia; Adriatic Sea; Effective population size; Gene flow
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    On the influence of marine biogeochemical processes over CO2 exchange between the atmosphere and ocean (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Marine Chemistry, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 199, pp. 1-11, ISSN: 0304-4203
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-23
    Description: The ocean holds a large reservoir of carbon dioxide (CO2), and mitigates climate change through uptake of anthropogenic CO2. Fluxes of CO2 between the atmosphere and surface ocean are regulated by a number of physical and biogeochemical processes, resulting in a spatiotemporally heterogeneous CO2 distribution. Determining the influence of each individual process is useful for interpreting marine carbonate system ob- servations, and is also necessary to investigate how changes in these drivers could affect air-sea CO2 exchange. Biogeochemical processes exert an influence primarily through modifying seawater dissolved inorganic carbon (CT) and total alkalinity (AT), thus changing the seawater partial pressure of CO2 (psw). Here, we propose a novel conceptual framework through which the size of the CO2 source or sink generated by any biogeochemical process, denoted Φ, can be evaluated. This is based on the ‘isocapnic quotient’ (Q), which defines the trajectory through (AT,CT) phase space for which there is no change in psw. We discuss the limitations and uncertainties inherent in this technique, which are negligible for most practical purposes, and its links with existing, related approaches. We investigate the effect on Φ of spatiotemporal heterogeneity in Q in the present day surface ocean for several key biogeochemical processes. This leads the magnitude of the CO2 source or sink generated by processes that modify AT to vary spatiotemporally. Finally, we consider how the strength of each process as a CO2 source or sink may change in a warmer, higher-CO2 future ocean.
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  • 53
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    Marine Mammals Tracking - MMT - Processing report, FIL2018 campaign (2019)
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    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2019-03-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Decadal variability of north-eastern Atlantic storminess at the mid-Holocene: New inferences from a record of wind-blown sand, western Denmark (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Global and Planetary Change, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 180, pp. 16-32, ISSN: 0921-8181
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-17
    Description: Disentangling the external and internal forcing responsible for the variability of the Earth's climate and associated extreme events over the Holocene is crucial for producing reliable scenarios of adaptation to the effects of ongoing climate change. At mid-latitudes, significant relationships between westerly storminess, solar activity and internal atmospheric and oceanic modes of variability have been repeatedly evidenced to exist over millennial and centennial time scales. However, at shorter (decadal) scale, it is still challenging to establish clear control links between the forcing mechanisms and the spatio-temporal variability of past extra-tropical storms. This probably owes to the existence of complex multi-scale relationships and feedback loops, as well as to the difficulty of producing proxy-records of sufficiently high-resolution and wide spatial significance. Here we present a reconstruction of westerly storminess in western Denmark between 4840 and 2300 yrs. cal. B·P. Past-storminess is retrieved from an organic-rich sedimentary succession by combining markers of aeolian sand influx, μ-XRF geochemistry and plant macrofossils. Particular focus is paid to the c. 4840–4350 yrs. cal. B·P. period for which our record is characterized by a pluri-annual resolution. We evidence concurrent pluri-decadal shifts in storminess and humidity regime at our site that we interpret as relocations of the mean westerly storm-track over the North-Atlantic. The signal is dominated by ≈ 90, ≈ 50–80 and ≈ 35-yr periods, evoking possible links with solar activity, the North-Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) modes of variability, respectively. The ≈ 35-yr periodicity found in our record is especially strong and stationary, suggesting that storminess could have been closely linked with the AMOC over the study period. Our records of storminess indeed show some great similarities with a record of deep overflow of a branch of the AMOC. Opposite to some model outputs, the strength of the AMOC seems to have often co-varied with storminess at pluri-decadal scales over the study period. We also find periods of high storminess activity to be significantly correlated with solar minima and relative pluri-decadal lows in the NAO. We suggest that small lowering in the strength of the NAO in an otherwise positive NAO context may have caused southward relocations of the mean westerly storm-track from subpolar latitudes to northern Europe. This invites to reconsider the importance given to using the NAO as a binary index. Finally, an attempt is made to explore the temporal lead-lag relationships between storminess and different potential forcing agents such as the Total Solar Irradiance, the NAO and the AMOC. Unfortunately, the insufficient chronological precision of the proxy-records available for the TSI, the NAO and the AMOC over the study period prevents us from deriving any robust interpretations regarding potential teleconnections at a decadal-scale between past north-Atlantic westerly storminess activity, solar forcing, the NAO and north-Atlantic surface and deep oceanic circulation.
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    Air-sea interactive forcing on phytoplankton productivity and community structure changes in the East China Sea during the Holocene (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Global and Planetary Change, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 179, pp. 80-91, ISSN: 0921-8181
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-17
    Description: Phytoplankton productivity and community structure in the East China Sea (ECS) play an important role in marine ecology and carbon cycle, but both have been changing rapidly in response to recent oceanic and atmospheric circulation changes. However, the lack of long-term records of phytoplankton productivity and community structure variability in the region hinders our understanding of natural forcing mechanisms. Here, we use the phytoplankton biomarker (brassicasterol, dinosterol and alkenones) contents as well as the ratios between these biomarkers in three sediment cores from the ECS shelf to reconstruct the spatiotemporal variations of productivity and community of diatoms, dinoflagellates and coccolithophores during the Holocene, respectively. During 9–7 ka, the ECS shelf was characterized by low phytoplankton productivity with low coccolithophore contribution, caused by the oligotrophic condition mainly owing to the restricted Kuroshio Current (KC) intrusion under low sea-level conditions, thus the lack of nutrient input. Phytoplankton productivity generally increased during 7–4.6 ka, in response to the initial intrusion of the Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC, a branch of the KC), bringing nutrient from the subsurface KC to the upper layer of the ECS for phytoplankton growth. Phytoplankton productivity continuously increased during 4.6–1 ka, due to an enhanced circulation system (YSWC and Yellow Sea Coastal Current (YSCC)) driven by strong East Asia Winter Monsoon (EAWM). Significantly, high alkenone contents and coccolithophore contribution in the eastern core F11A was associated with its location closer to the warm and saline YSWC, which was suitable for coccolithophore growth. Beyond diagenetic processes which could partly account for higher biomarker contents near core tops, elevated phytoplankton productivity during the last 1 ka might be induced by more nutrient supply from the intensified circulation system driven by enhanced KC and anthropogenic activities. The latter also resulted in high dinoflagellate proportions in all three cores. These temporal and spatial changes of phytoplankton productivity and community structure in the ECS during the Holocene corresponded to different mechanisms by the air-sea interaction, providing insights into distinguishing natural forcing and anthropogenic influences on marine ecology.
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    Aerosol optical properties in the Arctic: The role of aerosol chemistry and dust composition in a closure experiment between Lidar and tethered balloon vertical profiles (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Science of The Total Environment, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, ISSN: 0048-9697
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-05
    Description: A closure experiment was conducted over Svalbard by comparing Lidar measurements and optical aerosol properties calculated from aerosol vertical profiles measured using a tethered balloon. Arctic Haze was present together with Icelandic dust. Chemical analysis of filter samples, aerosol size distribution and a full set of meteorological parameters were determined at ground. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDS) data were at disposal showing the presence of several mineralogical phases (i.e., sheet silicates, gypsum, quartz, rutile, hematite). The closure experiment was set up by calculating the backscattering coefficients from tethered balloon data and comparing them with the corresponding lidar profiles. This was preformed in three subsequent steps aimed at determining the importance of a complete aerosol speciation: (i) a simple, columnar refractive index was obtained by the closest Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) station, (ii) the role of water-soluble components, elemental carbon and organic matter (EC/OM) was addressed, (iii) the dust composition was included. When considering the AERONET data, or only the ionic water-soluble components and the EC/OM fraction, results showed an underestimation of the backscattering lidar signal up to 76, 53 and 45% (355, 532 and 1064 nm). Instead, when the dust contribution was included, the underestimation disappeared and the vertically-averaged, backscattering coefficients (1.45±0.30, 0.69±0.15 and 0.34±0.08 Mm-1 sr-1, at 355, 532 and 1064 nm) were found in keeping with the lidar ones (1.60±0.22, 0.75±0.16 and 0.31±0.08 Mm-1 sr-1). Final results were characterized by low RMSE (0.36, 0.08 and 0.04 Mm-1 sr-1) and a high linear correlation (R2 of 0.992, 0.992 and 0.994) with slopes close to one (1.368, 0.931 and 0.977, respectively). This work highlighted the importance of all the aerosol components and of the synergy between single particle and bulk chemical analysis for the optical property characterization in the Arctic .
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  • 57
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    Quantification, extractability and stability of dissolved domoic acid within marine dissolved organic matter (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Marine Chemistry, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 215, pp. 103669, ISSN: 0304-4203
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-01
    Description: The widespread diatom Pseudo-nitzschia can produce domoic acid (DA). DA is a compound with well described neurotoxic effects on vertebrates including humans known as amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) syndrome. It has also been suggested to serve as an organic ligand that binds to iron and copper. By binding these trace elements, DA may increase their solubility and bioavailability. In order to serve this function, DA has to be excreted and reabsorbed by the cells. Only few records of dissolved domoic acid (dDA) concentrations in the ocean exist. To accomplish quantification by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), samples have to be pre-concentrated and desalted using solid-phase extraction, a procedure commonly applied for dissolved organic matter. Our major goals were to quantify dDA in a basin-wide assessment in the East Atlantic Ocean, to determine extraction efficiencies for complexed and uncomplexed dDA, and to assess whether domoic acid is represented by its molecular formula in direct-infusion high resolution mass spectrometry. Our results showed that dDA was extracted almost quantitatively and occurred ubiquitously in the ocean surface but also in deeper (and older) water, indicating surprisingly high stability in seawater. The maximum concentration measured was 173 pmol L−1 and the average molar dDA carbon yield was 7.7 ppm. Both carbon yield and dDA concentration decreased with increasing water depth. Providing quantification of dDA in the water column, we seek to improve our understanding of toxic bloom dynamics and the mechanistic understanding of DA production.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Distributions of three Alexandrium species and their toxins across a salinity gradient suggest an increasing impact of GDA producing A. pseudogonyaulax in shallow brackish waters of Northern Europe (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Harmful Algae, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 87, pp. 101622, ISSN: 1568-9883
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-01
    Description: Blooms of Alexandrium spp. are a well-known phenomenon in Northern European waters. While A. tamarense/catenella, and A. pseudogonyaulax have been reported from marine waters, high densities of A. ostenfeldii are mainly observed at lower salinities in North Sea estuaries and the Baltic Sea, suggesting salinity as a driver of Alexandrium species composition and toxin distribution. To investigate this relationship, an oceanographic expedition through a natural salinity gradient was conducted in June 2016 along the coasts of Denmark. Besides hydrographic data, phytoplankton and sediment samples were collected for analyses of Alexandrium spp. cell and cyst abundances, for toxin measurement and cell isolation. Plankton data revealed the predominance of A. pseudogonyaulax at all transect stations while A. ostenfeldii and A. catenella generally contributed a minor fraction to the Alexandrium community. High abundances of A. pseudogonyaulax in the shallow enclosed Limfjord were accompanied by high amounts of goniodomin A (GDA). This toxin was also detected at low abundances along with A. pseudogonyaulax in the North Sea and the Kattegat. Genetic and morphological characterization of established strains showed high similarity of the Northern European population to distant geographic populations. Despite low cell abundances of A. ostenfeldii, different profiles of cycloimines were measured in the North Sea and in the Limfjord. This field survey revealed that salinity alone does not determine Alexandrium species and toxin distribution, but emphasizes the importance of habitat conditions such as proximity to seed banks, shelter, and high nutrient concentrations. The results show that A. pseudogonyaulax has become a prominent member of the Alexandrium spp. community over the past decade in the study area. Analyses of long term monitoring data from the Limfjord confirmed a recent shift to A. pseudogonyaulax dominance. Cyst and toxin records of the species in Kiel Bight suggest a spreading potential into the brackish Baltic Sea, which might lead to an expansion of blooms under future climate conditions.
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    Importance of the advection scheme for the simulation of water isotopes over Antarctica by atmospheric general circulation models: A case study for present-day and Last Glacial Maximum with LMDZ-iso (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Earth and Planetary Science Letters, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 524, ISSN: 0012-821X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-12
    Description: Atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) are known to have a warm and isotopically enriched bias over Antarctica. We test here the hypothesis that these biases are partly consequences of a too diffusive advection. Exploiting the LMDZ-iso model, we show that a less diffusive representation of the advection, especially on the horizontal, is very important to reduce the bias in the isotopic contents of precipitation above this area. The choice of an appropriate representation of the advection is thus essential when using GCMs for paleoclimate applications based on polar water isotopes. Too much diffusive mixing along the poleward transport leads to overestimated isotopic contents in water vapor because dehydration by mixing follows a more enriched path than dehydration by Rayleigh distillation. The near-air surface temperature is also influenced, to a lesser extent, by the diffusive properties of the advection scheme directly via the advection of the air and indirectly via the radiative effects of changes in high cloud fraction and water vapor. A too diffusive horizontal advection increases the temperature and so also contributes to enrich the isotopic contents of water vapor over Antarctica through a reduction of the distillation. The temporal relationship, from Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to present-day conditions, between the mean annual near-air surface temperature and the water isotopic contents of precipitation for a specific location can also be impacted, with significant consequences on the paleo-temperature reconstruction from observed changes in water isotopes.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Trend analysis of climate time series: A review of methods (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Earth-Science Reviews, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 190, pp. 310-322, ISSN: 0012-8252
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-10-07
    Description: The increasing trend curve of global surface temperature against time since the 19th century is the icon for the considerable influence humans have on the climate since the industrialization. The discourse about the curve has spread from climate science to the public and political arenas in the 1990s and may be characterized by terms such as “hockey stick” or “global warming hiatus”. Despite its discussion in the public and the searches for the impact of the warming in climate science, it is statistical science that puts numbers to the warming. Statistics has developed methods to quantify the warming trend and detect change points. Statistics serves to place error bars and other measures of uncertainty to the estimated trend parameters. Uncertainties are ubiquitous in all natural and life sciences, and error bars are an indispensable guide for the interpretation of any estimated curve—to assess, for example, whether global temperature really made a pause after the year 1998. Statistical trend estimation methods are well developed and include not only linear curves, but also changepoints, accelerated increases, other nonlinear behavior, and nonparametric descriptions. State-of-the-art, computing- intensive simulation algorithms take into account the peculiar aspects of climate data, namely non- Gaussian distributional shape and autocorrelation. The reliability of such computer age statistical methods has been testified by Monte Carlo simulation methods using artificial data. The application of the state-of-the-art statistical methods to the GISTEMP time series of global surface temperature reveals an accelerated warming since the year 1974. It shows that a relative peak in warming for the years around World War II may not be a real feature but a product of inferior data quality for that time interval. Statistics also reveals that there is no basis to infer a global warming hiatus after the year 1998. The post-1998 hiatus only seems to exist, hidden behind large error bars, when considering data up to the year 2013. If the fit interval is extended to the year 2017, there is no significant hiatus. The researcher has the power to select the fit interval, which allows her or him to suppress certain fit solutions and favor other solutions. Power necessitates responsibility. The recommendation therefore is that interval selection should be objective and oriented on general principles. The application of statistical methods to data has also a moral aspect.
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  • 61
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    Cryptic speciation in Protoceratium reticulatum (Dinophyceae): Evidence from morphological, molecular and ecophysiological data (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Harmful Algae, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 88, pp. 101610, ISSN: 1568-9883
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-09-30
    Description: The cosmopolitan, potentially toxic dinoflagellate Protoceratium reticulatum possesses a fossilizable cyst stage which is an important paleoenvironmental indicator. Slight differences in the internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA (ITS rDNA) sequences of P. reticulatum have been reported, and both the motile stage and cyst morphology of P. reticulatum display phenotypic plasticity, but how these morpho-molecular variations are related with ecophysiological preferences is unknown. Here, 55 single cysts or cells were isolated from localities in the Northern (Arctic to subtropics) and Southern Hemispheres (Chile and New Zealand), and in total 34 strains were established. Cysts and/or cells were examined with light microscopy and/or scanning electron microscopy. Large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) and/or ITS rDNA sequences were obtained for all strains/isolates. All strains/isolates of P. reticulatum shared identical LSU sequences except for one strain from the Mediterranean Sea that differs in one position, however ITS rDNA sequences displayed differences at eight positions. Molecular phylogeny was inferred using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference based on ITS rDNA sequences. The results showed that P. reticulatum comprises at least three ribotypes (designated as A, B, and C). Ribotype A included strains from the Arctic and temperate areas, ribotype B included strains from temperate regions only, and ribotype C included strains from the subtropical and temperate areas. The average ratios of process length to cyst diameter of P. reticulatum ranged from 15% in ribotype A, 22% in ribotype B and 17% in ribotype C but cyst size could overlap. Theca morphology was indistinguishable among ribotypes. The ITS-2 secondary structures of ribotype A displayed one CBC (compensatory change on two sides of a helix pairing) compared to ribotypes B and C. Growth response of one strain from each ribotype to various temperatures was examined. The strains of ribotypes A, B and C exhibited optimum growth at 15 °C, 20 °C and 20–25 °C, respectively, thus corresponding to cold, moderate and warm ecotypes. The profiles of yessotoxins (YTXs) were examined for 25 strains using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The parent compound yessotoxin (YTX) was produced by strains of ribotypes A and B, but not by ribotype C strains, which only produced the structural variant homoyessotoxin (homoYTX). Our results support the notion that there is significant intra-specific variability in Protoceratium reticulatum and the biogeography of the different ribotypes is consistent with specific ecological preferences.
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    Die Haut der Wale (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2020-03-30
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Das periphere Nervensystem in der Haut der Schweinswale Phocoena phocoena L. 1758 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2020-03-30
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 64
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    Biodegradability of hydrothermally altered deep-sea dissolved organic matter (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Marine Chemistry, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 217, ISSN: 0304-4203
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-07
    Description: Deep-sea dissolved organic matter (DOM) constitutes a huge carbon reservoir in the worlds' oceans that – despite its abundance – is virtually unused as a substrate by marine heterotrophs. Heating within hydrothermal systems induces major molecular modifications of deep-sea DOM. Here, we tested the hypothesis that hydrothermal heating of deep-sea DOM enhances bioavailability. Aliquots of DOM extracted from the deep North Pacific (North Equatorial Pacific Intermediate Water; NEqPIW) were re-dissolved in artificial seawater and subjected to temperatures of 100 and 200 °C (40 MPa) using Dickson-type reactors. In agreement with earlier findings we observed a temperature-related drop in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration (−6.1% at 100 °C, −21.0% at 200 °C) that predominantly affected the solid-phase extractable (SPE-DOC) fraction (−18.2% at 100 °C, −51.4% at 200 °C). Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometric (FT-ICR-MS) analysis confirmed a temperature-related reduction of average molecular mass, O/C ratios, double bond equivalents (DBE) and a relative increase in aromaticity (AImod). This thermally altered DOM was added (25 μmol L−1 DOC) to deep-water samples from the South West Pacific (Kermadec Arc, RV Sonne / SO253, 32° 37.706′ S | 179° 38.728′ W) and incubated with the prevailing natural microbial community. After 16 days at 4 °C in the dark, prokaryotic cell counts in incubations containing the full spectrum of thermally-degraded DOM (extractable and non-extractable compounds) had increased considerably (on average 21× for DOM100°C and 27× for DOM200°C). In contrast, prokaryotic growth in incubations to which only solid-phase extractable thermally-altered DOM was added was not enhanced compared to control incubations. The experiments demonstrate that temperature-driven degradation of deep-sea recalcitrant DOM within hydrothermal systems turns fractions of it accessible to microbes. The thermally-produced DOM compounds that stimulate microbial growth are not retained on reversed-phase resins (SPE-DOM) and are likely low-molecular mass organic acids. Despite the comprehensive compositional modifications of the solid-phase extractable (SPE-DOM) fraction through heating, it remains inaccessible to microbes at the investigated concentration levels. The microbial incubation resulted in only minor and mostly insignificant overall changes in SPE-DOM molecular composition and concentration.
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  • 65
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    Tracing processes and sources of Si release during weathering in two small catchments in the Black Forest by using Si isotopes (2017)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Chemical Geology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 466, pp. 389-402, ISSN: 0009-2541
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    Publication Date: 2020-07-15
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 66
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    Gealog NTC Temperature Sensors (2006)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-11
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 67
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    ThawTrend Air 2019 Weekly Reports (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2019-09-12
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 68
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    Occurrence and distribution of Amphidomataceae (Dinophyceae) in Danish coastal waters of the North Sea, the Limfjord and the Kattegat/Belt area (2019)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Harmful Algae, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 88, pp. 101637, ISSN: 1568-9883
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-08
    Description: Some species of the dinophytes Azadinium and Amphidoma (Amphidomataceae) produce azaspiracids (AZA), lipophilic polyether compounds responsible for Azaspiracid Shellfish Poisoning (AZP) in humans after consumption of contaminated seafood. Toxigenic Amphidomataceae are known to occur in the North Atlantic and the North Sea area, but little is known about their importance in Danish coastal waters. In 2016, 44 Stations were sampled on a survey along the Danish coastline, covering the German Bight, Limfjord, the Kattegat area, Great Belt and Kiel Bight. Samples were analysed by live microscopy, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) and quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction (qPCR) on the presence of Amphidomataceae and AZA. Amphidomataceae were widely distributed in the area, but were below detection limit on most of the inner Limfjord stations. Cell abundances of the three toxigenic species, determined with species-specific qPCR assays on Azadinium spinosum, Az. poporum and Amphidoma languida, were generally low and restricted to the North Sea and the northern Kattegat, which was in agreement with the distribution of the generally low AZA abundances in plankton samples. Among the toxigenic species, Amphidoma languida was dominant with highest cell densities up to 3×103 cells L−1 on North Sea stations and at the western entrance of the Limfjord. Azaspiracids detected in plankton samples include low levels of AZA-1 at one station of the North Sea, and higher levels of AZA-38 and -39 (up to 1.5 ng L−1) in the North Sea and the Limfjord entrance. Furthermore, one new AZA (named AZA-63) was discovered in plankton of two North Sea stations. Morphological, molecular, and toxinological characterisation of 26 newly established strains from the area confirmed the presence of four amphidomatacean species (Az. obesum, Az. dalianense, Az. poporum and Am. languida). The single new strain of Az. poporum turned out as a member of Ribotype A2, which was previously only known from the Mediterranean. Consistent with some of these Mediterranean A2 strains, but different to the previously established AZA-37 producing Az. poporum Ribotype A1 strains from Denmark, the new strain did not contain any AZA. Azaspiracids were also absent in all Az. obesum and Az. dalianense strains, but AZA-38 and -39 were found in all Am. languida strains with total AZA cell quotas ranging from 0.08 up to 94 fg cell−1. In conclusion, AZA-producing microalgae and their respective toxins were low in abundance but widely present in the area, and thus might be considered in local monitoring programs to preserve seafood safety in Danish coastal waters.
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  • 69
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    Hygroclip Air Temperature/Air Humidity Sensor (2006)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2021-02-11
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 70
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    Gealog NTC Temperature Sensors (2006)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2021-02-18
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Parameter comments for Helgoland Roads Mesozooplankton (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-02
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Jurassic failed rift system below the Filchner-Ronne-Shelf, Antarctica: New evidence from geophysical data (2016)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Tectonophysics, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 688, pp. 65-83, ISSN: 0040-1951
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-28
    Description: During the austral summer of 1994/95, reasonable ice conditions in the Weddell Sea allowed the acquisition of new high quality seismic refraction data parallel to the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf (FRS), Antarctica. Although pack ice conditions resulted in some data gaps, the final velocity-depth/2D-density models cover the entire FRS in E-W direction using all available deep seismic data/picks from this remote area. The velocity-depth model shows a sedimentary basin with a thickness up to 12 km and a large velocity inversion in the lowermost sedimentary unit. The crustal thickness reaches a maximum of 40 km along the basin’s margins in the Antarctic Peninsula and East Antarctica. In the central shelf area, numerous interfering seismic phases occur from the crust-mantle boundary at decreasing distances indicating a thinning of the crust. Here, the modelled velocities and densities reveal a thickness of 20 km for the igneous crust. This corridor of overthickened oceanic or close to oceanic crust is 160 km wide. The corridor is characterized by weak, but in general continuous magnetic anomalies, which we interpret as isochrons developed during the rifting or the initial formation of oceanic crust. If the crustal composition represents an old stripe of oceanic crust, a minimum estimate for the early formation of the oceanic crust is 145/148 Ma (Late Jurassic). However, based on the velocity of rift propagation during the initial opening of the adjacent Weddell Sea the oceanic crust is likely to have formed around 160 Ma. The onset of rifting and development of a thick igneous crust can be related to stresses developed between the interior and the southwestern paleo-Pacific subduction margin of the fragmenting Gondwana supercontinent in combination with additional melt supply from a deeper mantle source that arrived and spread in the period 183-155 Ma.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Physical oceanography during METEOR cruise M63/1, files in ODV format (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-06
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Habitat map for the Danajon Bank, Philippines (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-05
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Non-indigenous species in the North and Baltic Seas and the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River region (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-17
    Description: List of non-indigenous species (NIS) established in the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River region and the North and Baltic Seas region, their geographic origin, and taxonomic assignment. Asterisks mark the NIS that occur in both the North and Baltic Seas and the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River regions. GL, SL, NW, NE, SW and SE denote the Great Lakes, St. Lawrence River, north-west, north-east, south-west, and south-east, respectively. Eurasia represents inland freshwaters except Yangtze River, Indo-Pacific represents Indian Ocean and the archipelago of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Pilipinas, North America (N America) represents inland freshwaters except the Laurentian Great Lakes, St. Lawrence and Mississippi Rivers, while Australia, New Zealand, Africa and South America (S America) cover all inland freshwaters in these areas.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Phénomènes biosédimentaires et genèsedes croûtes et enduits polymétalliques (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Formular (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-01
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 78
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    ferromanganese nodules from the central North Pacific (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 79
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    Substantial changes happened during the last years in the icecap of King George, Insular Antarctica (2005)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 80
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    Why wait for a replication crisis (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 81
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    R code for simple moving-habtitat model (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 82
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    Manihiki Plateau (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-08
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 83
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    Seasonal variability of stable carbon isotopes (〈delta〉13CDIC) in the Skagerrak and the Baltic Sea: Distinguishing between mixing and biological productivity (2017)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 483, pp. 15-30, ISSN: 0031-0182
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-01
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Microhabitat preferences of live benthic foraminifera and stable carbon isotopes off SW Svalbard in the presence of widespread methane seepage (2017)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Marine Micropaleontology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 132, pp. 1-17, ISSN: 0377-8398
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-08
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Macro-enabled Excel spreadsheet to calculate hourly-averages from BSRN .dat files (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    manganese coating, site 111 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-19
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Fig4 from Aspects of the geologic setting of manganese nodule deposits (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 88
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    SO141 dredge samples (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-18
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 89
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    Biostratigraphie de concrétions polymétalliques de l'archipel des Touamotou (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Upper mantle structure across the Trans-European Suture Zone imaged by S-receiver functions (2017)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Earth and Planetary Science Letters, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 458, pp. 429-441, ISSN: 0012-821X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-11
    Description: We present a high-resolution study of the upper mantle structure of Central Europe, including the western part of the East European Platform, based on S-receiver functions of 345 stations. A distinct contrast is found between Phanerozoic Europe and the East European Craton across the Trans-European Suture Zone. To the west, a pronounced velocity reduction with depth interpreted as lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (LAB) is found at an average depth of 90 km. Beneath the craton, no strong and continuous LAB conversion is observed. Instead we find a distinct velocity reduction within the lithosphere, at 80–120 km depth. This mid-lithospheric discontinuity (MLD) is attributed to a compositional boundary between depleted and more fertile lithosphere created by late Proterozoic metasomatism. A potential LAB phase beneath the craton is very weak and varies in depth between 180 and 250 km, consistent with a reduced velocity contrast between the lower lithosphere and the asthenosphere. Within the Trans-European Suture Zone, lithospheric structure is characterized by strong heterogeneity. A dipping or step-wise increase to LAB depth of 150 km is imaged from Phanerozoic Europe to 20–22° E, whereas no direct connection to the cratonic LAB or MLD to the east is apparent. At larger depths, a positive conversion associated with the lower boundary of the asthenosphere is imaged at 210–250 km depth beneath Phanerozoic Europe, continuing down to 300 km depth beneath the craton. Conversions from both 410 km and 660 km discontinuities are found at their nominal depth beneath Phanerozoic Europe, and the discontinuity at 410 km depth can also be traced into the craton. A potential negative conversion on top of the 410 km discontinuity found in migrated images is analyzed by modeling and attributed to interference with other converted phases.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 91
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    manganese coating (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-19
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 92
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    Deeply hidden inside introduced biogenic structures – Pacific oyster reefs reduce detrimental barnacle overgrowth on native blue mussels (2016)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Sea Research, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 117, pp. 20-26, ISSN: 1385-1101
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-20
    Description: In sedimentary coastal ecosystems shells of epibenthic organisms such as blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) provide the only major attachment surface for barnacle epibionts, which may cause detrimental effects on their mussel basibionts by e.g. reducing growth rate. In the European Wadden Sea, beds of native blue mussels have been invaded by Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, which transformed these beds into mixed reefs of oysters with mussels. In this study, we determined the spatial distribution of M. edulis and their barnacle epibionts (Semibalanus balanoides) within the reef matrix. Mean mussel density near the bottom was about twice as high compared to the mussel density near the top of an oyster reef, whereas barnacles on mussels showed a reversed pattern. Barnacle dry weight per mussel was on average 14 times higher near the top than at the bottom. This patternwas confirmed by experimentally placing clean M. edulis at the top and on the bottomof oyster reefs at two sites in the Wadden Sea (island of Texel, The Netherlands; island of Sylt, Germany). After an experimental period of fiveweeks (April and May 2015, the main settlement period of S. balanoides), the number of barnacles per mussel was at both sites significantly higher on mussels near the top compared to near the bottom. We conclude that the oyster reef matrix offers a refuge for M. edulis: inside reefs they are not only better protected against predators but also against detrimental barnacle overgrowth. This study shows that alien species can cause beneficial effects for native organisms and should not be generally considered as a risk for the recipientmarine ecosystems.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Vema Cruise 18 - Preliminary Megascopic Descriptions of Split Cores (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Robert Conrad Cruise 09 - Preliminary Megascopic Descriptions (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-05
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Biogeochemical and hydrological drivers of the dynamics of Vibrio species in two Patagonian estuaries (2017)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Science of The Total Environment, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 579, pp. 646-656, ISSN: 0048-9697
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-30
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Measurements of currents, temperature and salinity from moorings at the southern Weddell Sea continental slope: February 2011 - February 2011 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-24
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 97
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    IODP Depth Scales Terminology (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-03
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 98
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    Edier sedimentology map (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 99
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    POLARSTERN CTD data, kmz with links to data in PANGAEA (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/vnd.google-earth.kmz
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  • 100
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    Species occurrence of the potentially toxigenic diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia and the associated neurotoxin domoic acid in the Argentine Sea (2017)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Harmful Algae, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 63, pp. 45-55, ISSN: 1568-9883
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The marine diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia, the major known producer of the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA) responsible for the amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) syndrome in humans and marine mammals, is globally distributed. The genus presents high species richness in the Argentine Sea and DA has been frequently detected in the last few years in plankton and shellfish samples, but the species identity of the producers remains unclear. In the present work, the distribution and abundance of Pseudo-nitzschia species and DA were determined from samples collected on two oceanographic cruises carried out through the Argentine Sea (∼39–47°S) during summer and spring 2013. Phytoplankton composition was analysed by light and electron microscopy while DA was determined by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The genus Pseudo-nitzschia was recorded in 71 and 86% of samples collected in summer and spring, respectively, whereas DA was detected in only 42 and 21% of samples, respectively. Microscopic analyses revealed at least five potentially toxic species (P. australis, P. brasiliana, P. fraudulenta, P. pungens, P. turgidula), plus putatively non-toxigenic P. dolorosa, P. lineola, P. turgiduloides and unidentified specimens of the P. pseudodelicatissima complex. The species P. australis showed the highest correlation with DA occurrence (r = 0.55; p 〈 0.05), suggesting its importance as a major DA producer in the Argentine Sea. In the northern area and during summer, DA was associated with the presence of P. brasiliana, a species recorded for the first time in the Argentine Sea. By contrast, high concentrations of P. fraudulenta, P. pungens and P. turgidula did not correspond with DA occurrence. This study represents the first successful attempt to link toxigenicity with Pseudo-nitzschia diversity and cell abundance in field plankton populations in the south-western Atlantic.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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