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  • 2000-2004  (295,476)
  • 1925-1929
  • 2002  (295,476)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Language
Years
Year
  • 1
    Unknown
    Proceedings of the Tenth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering : 19-24 July 1992, Madrid, Spain (1992-)
    Rotterdam [u.a.] : Balkema
    Details Availability
    Call number: M 92.0634
    ISBN: 9054100605
    Language: English
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Agraratlas über das Gebiet der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik : Bodenarten und Bodenartliche Ertragsbedingungen (1956-)
    Gotha : Haack
    Details Availability
    Call number: (DE-599)GBV03709842X
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Language: German
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 3
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Hans Stille (1876-1966) geologist (1978-)
    Stuttgart : Schweizerbart Science Publishers ; Volume 1, number 1 (1978)-
    Details Availability
    Call number: M 18.91571
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 134 Seiten
    ISSN: 2363-7196
    Series Statement: Global tectonics and metallogeny : special issue Vol. 10/2-4
    Classification:
    Tectonics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global tectonics and metallogeny
    Language: English
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 4
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Das Klima von Potsdam : Ergebnisse 60jähriger Beobachtungen am Meteorologischen Observatorium 1893-1952; Tabellenanhang (1963-)
    Berlin : Reimer
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: AWI A3-20-93434-2
    In: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin, Band XXXII, Heft 2
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 218 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin 32,2
    Language: German
    Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG
    Location: AWI Reading room
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  • 5
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Quake : part two, the aftermath (1900-)
    [Edgecumbe, N.Z.] : A. Muller
    Details Availability
    Call number: M 15.89146
    Description / Table of Contents: An account of the results of the 2 March 1987 earthquake in the eastern Bay of Plenty and the aftermath's effects on the people and places on the Rangitaiki Plains
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 223 S., , Ill.
    Language: English
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 6
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Referativnyj žurnal : geologija, geografija (1982-)
    Moskva
    Details Availability
    Call number: MOP 19538/1d-6d
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 111 S.
    ISSN: 0486-2287
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 7
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Atmospheric dust and aerosol study : second status report (1977-)
    Garmisch-Partenkirchen : Institut für atmosphärische Umweltforschung der Fraunhofer- Gesellschaft
    Details Availability
    Call number: MOP 44829 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 25 S. , graph. Darst.
    Language: English
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 8
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Das Klima von Potsdam : Ergebnisse 60jähriger Beobachtungen am Meteorologischen Observatorium 1893-1952; [Textband] (1963-)
    Berlin : Reimer
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: AWI A3-20-93434
    In: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin, Band XXXII, Heft 1
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 121 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin 32,1
    Language: German
    Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG
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  • 9
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Zuwendungsrecht Zuwendungspraxis : Textsammlung, Kommentar und Rechtsprechungssammlung zum Recht der Zuwendungen und Subventionen der öffentlichen Hand mit Verfahrenshinweisen für die Behörden und Zuwendungsempfänger (1982-)
    Heidelberg : v. Decker
    Details Availability
    Call number: IASS 15.89494
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: Losebl.-Ausg.
    Edition: Stand: Oktober 2010
    ISBN: 9783768501828
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    Language: German
    Branch Library: RIFS Library
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  • 10
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Climatología aeronáutica de España (1948-)
    Madrid : Secc
    Details Availability
    Call number: PIK N 456-17-90913
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 536 Seiten
    Series Statement: Ministerio de Transportes Turismo Y Comunicaciones : Publicación Serie A 114
    Parallel Title: 1,1=6; 2,1=13 von Publicaciones / D / Ministerio del Aire, Subsecretaria de Aviación Civil, Servicio Meteorológico Nacional
    Language: Spanish
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 11
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Osnovy učenija o počvennoj vlage : I.: Vodny svojstva počv i peredvizenie počvennoj vlagi (1965-)
    Leningrad : Gidrometeorolog. Izd.
    Details Availability
    Call number: MOP 33767
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 663 S.
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr., russ.
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 12
    Journal available for loan
    Journal available for loan
    FinanzArchiv : public finance analysis (1884-)
    Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck ; 1.1884 - 48.1931; N.F. 1.1932/33 - 10.1943/44(1945),3; 11.1948/49(1949) -
    Details
    Call number: ZS 22.95039
    Type of Medium: Journal available for loan
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1614-0974 , 0015-2218 , 0015-2218
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/finaarch
    URL: http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2143985
    URL: https://www.mohrsiebeck.com/zeitschrift/finanzarchiv-fa
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/finaarch
    Language: German , English
    Note: N.F. entfällt ab 57.2000. - Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Ersch. ab 2000 in engl. Sprache mit dt. Hauptsacht.
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    E-BOOK
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A measurement of τ polarization in Z^0 decays (1992-8977)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters B 294 (1992), S. 466-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0370-2693(92)91549-O
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the average lifetime of b hadrons (1993-4325)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters B 317 (1993), S. 474-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0370-2693(93)91027-K
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  • 15
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    Unknown
    Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt in Wien (1925-2022)
    Wien : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar] ; 22.1910/25(1925),3; 23.1914/31(1929/31),2-3; 24.1927,1-2; 25.1939,1; 26.1948,1; 27.1971-Band 76 (2022)
    Details Availability
    Call number: S 91.1179
    ISSN: 0375-5797 , 0378-0864
    Parallel Title: 35=2 von European Conodont Symposium (ZDB) Guidebook, abstracts / European Conodont Symposium
    Parallel Title: 41=2 von Workshop on Agglutinated Foraminifera (ZDB) Proceedings / Workshop on Agglutinated Foraminifera. Geologische Bundesanstalt
    Parallel Title: 39=3 von International Nannoplankton Association Proceedings of the ... International Nannoplankton Association conference
    Parallel Title: 60=11 von Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften. Fachsektion GeoTop Internationale Jahrestagung der Fachsektion GeoTop der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften
    Former Title: Vorg. Geologische Reichsanstalt Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Geologischen Reichsanstalt, Wien
    Subsequent Title: Fortgesetzt durch Abhandlungen
    Language: German
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 16
    Map available for loan
    Map available for loan
    Rust; 78. 1:50 000 (1993-2010)
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: K 95.0020 / R6
    In: Geologische Karte der Republik Österreich
    Type of Medium: Map available for loan
    Pages: 1 Kt. : mehrfarb. ; 54 x 82 cm, gefaltet 12 x 21 cm + Erl.-H. (192 S., 2010) im Umschlag
    ISBN: 9783853160558
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 17
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    Unknown
    UFZ-Bericht (1994-2006)
    Leipzig ; Nachgewiesen 1994 - 2006
    Details Availability
    Call number: SR 90.1139
    ISSN: 0948-9452
    Parallel Title: 1996,5=1; 1996,6=2; 1996,8=3; 1996,9=4; 1996,10=5; 1996,11=6; 1996,12=7; 1996,16=8; 1996,18=9; 1996,20=10; 1997,2=11; 1997,7=12; 1997,16=13; 1997,25=14; 1998,9=15; 1998,14=16; 1998,19=17; 1999,4=19; 1999,18=23; 2000,8=26; 2000,10=27; 2001,18=31; 2002,5=32; 2002,21=33; 2003,2=35; 2003,17=36 von ---〉 Stadtökologische Forschungen
    Parallel Title: 2005,1=1 von ---〉 Basic and applied dryland research
    Subsequent Title: Forts. ---〉 Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung 〈Leipzig〉: UFZ-Bericht
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 18
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Das AWI / Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in the Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren : in den Jahren ... : report (2002-2006)
    Bremerhaven : AWI ; 2000/01(2002) - 2004/05(2006)
    Details Availability
    Call number: ZSP-994
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 21 x 21 cm
    ISSN: 1618-3703
    Former Title: Vorgänger: Zweijahresbericht / Stiftung Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Subsequent Title: Fortsetzung Zweijahresbericht ... / AWI, Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
    Language: German , English
    Note: Erscheint alle 2 Jahre , Text in deutscher und englischer Sprache
    Location: AWI Reading room
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 19
    Non-book medium
    Non-book medium
    South Africa = Suid-Afrika [Elektronische Ressource] 1:250 000 (1996-2004)
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: NBM 09.0423
    In: South Africa = Suid-Afrika
    Type of Medium: Non-book medium
    Pages: 1 DVD (71 Blätter, Indexblätter : TIF-Bilder)
    Series Statement: South Africa = Suid-Afrika
    Location: Reading room
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 20
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Small publications in historical geophysics : No. 1 - 12 (1995-2003)
    [Sund], Aland Islands : Summer Inst. for Historical Geophysics
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: S 97.0296(1-12)
    In: Small publications in historical geophysics
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 21
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Geologičeskoe izučenie i ispolzovanie nedr : naučno-techničeskij informacionnyj sbornik ; Vypusk 2 (1996-2003)
    Moskva : ZAO "Geoinformmark"
    Details Availability
    Call number: AWI G1-19-92229
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 61 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISSN: 0868-4502
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrillischer Schrift
    Location: AWI Reading room
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 22
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Paradepferd mit bleiernen Füßen : internationaler Klimaschutz und die Umsetzung in Deutschland (2002)
    Bonn : Forum Umwelt & Entwicklung | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-19
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
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  • 23
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    Towards an analytical strategic environmental assessment : the ANSEA network (2002)
    Milano : Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-19
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
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  • 24
    facet.materialart.
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    Saubere Gewinne : so legen Sie Ihr Geld ethisch-ökologisch an (2002)
    Freiburg : Herder | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-19
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: book , doc-type:book
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  • 25
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    Modellvorhaben "Autoarmes Wohnen im Bestand am Johannesplatz in Halle/Saale" : Projektentwicklung und Ergebnisse ; Teilbericht 17 im Rahmen des UBA-Modellvorhabens "Umweltschonender Einkaufs- und Freizeitverkehr in Halle und Leipzig" (2002)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-19
    Keywords: ddc:380
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: report , doc-type:report
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  • 26
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    Parasound journal of Polarstern Leg ANT-XIX/5 2002-04-03 to 2002-05-05 (2002)
    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 27
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    Parasound journal of Polarstern Leg ARK-XVIII/2 2002-08-24 to 2002-10-15 (2002)
    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 28
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    Interpretation of data from the automatic weather stations Drescher and Filchner and Comparison with European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analysis model results (2002)
    Alfred-Wegener-Institut
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, Alfred-Wegener-Institut
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-23
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: image/png
    Format: image/png
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  • 29
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    The use of a Phyto-PAM fluorimeter to study responses of the phytoplankton community to nutrient enrichment in an estuarine coastal region influenced by pulsed water diversions from the Mississippi River (Caernarvon, Louisiana) (2002)
    In:  EPIC3PULSES Workshop- “The importance of Pulsed Physical Events for Watershed sustainability in Coastal Louisiana”., Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA, 2002
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 30
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    The use of marine resources (chitosan, micro algae) to clean up aquatic heavy metal pollution (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Recent Achievements in Environmental Biotechnology, Fachhochschule Aachen, 2002
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-13
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 31
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    Metabolism and decompression tolerance of scavenging lysianassoid deep-sea amphipods (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 49(7), pp. 1281-1289, ISSN: 09670637
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-06
    Description: Respiration, ammonia excretion and decompression tolerance were studied in several species of lysianassoid amphipods captured at four stations in the deep Arabian Sea with an isolated trap maintaining them at in situ temperature. The amphipods were decompressed from their ambient to atmospheric pressure during recovery. Six amphipods, belonging to the species Eurythenes gryllus, Paralicella caperesca and Abyssorchomene abyssorum, survived decompression from depths between 1920 and 4420 m. The physiological condition of these specimens was good inferred by the fact that their swimming and resting behaviour appeared normal, they reacted to disturbance by light and vibration, and were able to ingest food to maintain full guts. Most of the amphipods (421 individuals), however, were recovered dead, which allows information about their decompression tolerance and their vertical migration ability to be deduced. Weight-specific respiration rates of the deep-sea amphipods that were fed prior to the experiments were not lower than in shallow-water amphipods living at similar temperatures. Differences in respiration rates between the specimens are discussed with regard to body size, species specificity and food supply. Weight-specific ammonia excretion rates were extremely high when compared with shallow-water relatives, indicating a capability for rapid digestion. This may be an adaptation to the unpredictable food supply in the deep sea as it enables the amphipod to empty its digestive tract quickly, thus making it available for additional food. Rapid digestion also enables the animals to regain mobility soon after feeding, permitting them to move to new food sources.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Anthropogenic distorted Si-Cu ratios - effects on coastal plankton communities (2002)
    SETAC
    In:  EPIC3SETAC 23rd Annual Meeting in North America - Achieving Global Environmental Quality: Integrating Science & Management, Salt Lake City, Ut, USA, 2002-11-16-2002-11-20Salt Lake City, Utah, SETAC
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-09
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Chlorophyll and primary production in the German Bight, North Sea (2002)
    In:  EPIC3ASLO meeting, Victoria, BC, Victoria, BC, Canada, 2002
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Estrategias de explotación sustentable algas pardas en la zona norte de Chile (2002)
    Instituto de Fomento Pesquero
    In:  EPIC3Valparaíso, Chile, Instituto de Fomento Pesquero
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Sykon Endbericht; Fachgebiet 7 Phytoplankton (2002)
    ZMK, Hamburg
    In:  EPIC3ZMK, Hamburg
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-08
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Interaction of Contaminants and Nutrients-Possible Consequences for the Louisiana Shelf Plankton Community Structure - Annual Report, BORSF (2002)
    In:  EPIC3
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-08
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Landmark-based morphometric analysis of two sibling species of the genus Asida (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) (2002)
    In:  Contributions to Zoology (1383-4517) vol.70 (2002) nr.4 p.213
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The case described here analyses morphological change at the boundary between ecological and evolutionary scales. The size and shape of 8 populations of two sibling species of tenebrionid beetles (Asida planipennis and A. moraguesi) are analysed using landmark-based methods. The two species differ in size, shape and in allometric trajectory. Thin-Plate Spline Analysis (TPSA) combined with Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) reveal the specific shape changes that allow the best inter-species discrimination. These changes involve the outline of the posterior margin of the pronotum. Moreover, the landmarkbased method provides useful tools for interpreting the intraspecies variability of some continuously varying morphological characters. In the case of A. planipennis, size and shape are correlated at the inter-population level, but are independent at the intra-population level. Moreover, size and shape do not reflect any spatial (i.e., geographical) structure or phylogenetic inertia at the inter-population level. These facts favour sitespecific environmental conditions as the main cause of shape and size variability in this species. One environmental variable is suggested to be the cause of the inter-population morphological differences detected.
    Keywords: Geometric morphometry ; Thin-Plate spline analysis ; canonical variates analysis ; species discrimination ; allometry ; Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera)
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    The limitations of ontogenetic data in phylogenetic analyses (2002)
    In:  Contributions to Zoology (1383-4517) vol.71 (2002) nr.1/3 p.47
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The analysis of consecutive ontogenetic stages, or events, introduces a new class of data to phylogenetic systematics that are distinctly different from traditional morphological characters and molecular sequence data. Ontogenetic event sequences are distinguished by varying degrees of both a collective and linear type of dependence and, therefore, violate the criterion of character independence. We applied different methods of phylogenetic reconstruction to ontogenetic data including maximum parsimony and distance (cluster) analyses. Two different data sets were investigated: (1) four simulated ontogenies with defined phylogenies of six hypothetical taxa, and (2) a set of “real” data comprising sequences of 29 ontogenetic events from 11 vertebrate taxa. We confirm that heterochronic event sequences do contain a phylogenetic signal. However, based on our results we argue that maximum parsimony is a biased method to analyze such developmental sequence data. Ontogenetic events require a special analytical algorithm that would not neglect instances of chronological (horizontal) dependence of this type of data. One coding method, “event-pairing”, appeared to fulfill this requirement in the vertebrate analyses. However, to accurately analyze ontogenetic sequence data, a more sophisticated coding method and algorithm are needed, for example, measuring distances of dependent events.
    Keywords: Ontogeny ; heterochrony ; event pairs ; vertebrate development ; sequence data ; phylogenetic methodology ; parsimony ; neighbor joining
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 39
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    Evolution and developmental biology in The Netherlands (2002)
    In:  Contributions to Zoology (1383-4517) vol.71 (2002) nr.1/3 p.3
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    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: I have long maintained that in the unfolding of exciting lines of research, seldom can one plan how to achieve a cooperative program. “Planned science,” more often than not, is forced science and not particularly productive. Far more significant is the role of serendipity in defining an exciting and innovative line of research, i.e., a truly stimulating cooperation. Fundamental advances simply cannot be planned for; one has to flow with the current. Thus it was that serendipity brought together the research group in Experimental Embryology of Prof. dr. J.A.M. van den Biggelaar at the University of Utrecht, and my own group in Systematics and Zoogeography at the University of Amsterdam. Several years ago I had received a grant proposal to review from the Dutch science research council (NWO). The proposed project intended to examine patterns of early development in the gastropod Patella in a large scale, evolutionary context. I found the project an exciting one and gave it my highest endorsement. Furthermore, so taken was I by the proposal that I made contact with its author. Prof. van den Biggelaar. I had long entertained the idea that a combination of an evolutionarily inclined group in embryology with embryologically sensitive systematists could achieve great things. I revealed myself to Jo van den Biggelaar as one of his reviewers and proposed that we meet.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    Boolean logic and character state identity: pitfalls of character coding in metazoan cladistics (2002)
    In:  Contributions to Zoology (1383-4517) vol.71 (2002) nr.1/3 p.67
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    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: A critical study of the morphological data sets used for the most recent analyses of metazoan cladistics exposes a rather cavalier attitude towards character coding. Binary absence/presence coding is ubiquitous, but without any explicit justification. This uncompromising application of Boolean logic in character coding is remarkable since several recent investigations have nominated absence/presence coding as the most problematic coding method available for standard cladistic analysis. Moreover, the prevalence of unspecified “absence” character states in the published data sets introduces a discrepancy between the theoretical foundations of phylogenetic parsimony and current practices in metazoan cladistics. Because phylogenetic parsimony assumes transformation of character states, its effective operation breaks down when not all character states are carefully delimited. Examples of resulting meaningless character state transformations are discussed in two categories: 1) when unspecified “absence” states are plesiomorphic; and 2) when unspecified “absence” states are apomorphic (character reversals). To facilitate future progress in metazoan cladistics, the mandatory link between comparative morphology and character coding needs to be reestablished through a more explicit study of morphological variation prior to character coding, and through a more explicitly experimental approach to character coding.
    Keywords: metazoan cladistics ; Metazoa ; character coding ; character state identity ; Boolean logic ; nonadditive binary coding ; absence/presence coding
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    The Institute of Biological Sciences Herbarium (PBDH), University of the Philippines Los Baños (2002)
    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.13 (2002) nr.2 p.175
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: With the founding of the Museum of Natural History (MNH) at the University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) the former Department of Botany Herbarium (CAHUP) has been transferred to this. This required the establishment of another herbarium to cater to the increasing need by courses in systematics of the undergraduate and graduate programs of the Institute of Biological Sciences (IBS), UPLB. Thus, in 1999, the birth of the IBS Herbarium (PBDH). It is used for six more or less advanced courses in biodiversity, botany, ecology, and systematics. It is also the repository of documentation on the flora of Mt Makiling and vicinity. Mount Makiling is the best scientifically studied mountain of the country, materials dating back to the time of the Malaspina Expedition in 1789. Prominent collectors were W.H. Brown, E.B. Copeland, H. Cuming, A.D.E. Elmer, A. Loher, C.G. Matthews, E.D. Merrill, C. Pickering, and many others. Those after WW II are listed below.
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    Taxonomy, biodiversity and management of knowledge in Asia (2002)
    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.13 (2002) nr.1 p.48
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: At the Biodiversity 2000 Kuching Conference in November 2000, I put forward the thesis that biodiversity is a knowledge resource, and that Asian societies have an attitude problem with respect to the management of knowledge (Ng, 2001). I offered the following evidence: In AD 304, Chi Han published his famous monograph on the Flora of Southeast Asia (available in English translation by Li, 1979), covering about 80 species of plants from what is now Vietnam and S China. Chi Han covered 18 edible fruits and nuts, 5 useful palms, 3 vegetables, 2 other food crops, 5 spices, 2 masticatory plants, 2 dye plants, 5 fibre plants, 6 perfume plants, 7 drug plants, 11 wood and wood-products plants and 10 ornamental plants. Chi Han’s book became a classic in the Chinese scientific literature.
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    Vegetation types on Mount Akiki, Northern Luzon, Philippines (2002)
    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.13 (2002) nr.2 p.154
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: Mount Akiki (16° 37’ N, 120° 53’ E, c. 2760 m alt.) is one of the highest mountain peaks in the Cordillera mountain range, Luzon Island, Philippines. It is situated in the municipality of Benguet, north-east of Baguio City (a world famous tourist city in the region) and is north-west of Mt Pulog, Luzon Island’s highest mountain peak and the second in the entire Philippines next to Mt Apo in Mindanao (Schoenig et al., 1975; Buot & Okitsu, 1997a; Buot, 1999). Locally the mountain is known as ‘Pulag’, internationally as ‘Pulog’. Knowledge about the vegetation types on Mt Akiki (similar to that of many of the Philippine mountains), is quite wanting despite its importance in biodiversity studies, zonation and sustainable forest conservation plans, wise utilisation of forest resources, and bioprospecting possibilities (PAWB-DENR, 1998).
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    Reviews (2002)
    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.13 (2002) nr.2 p.197
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: MOGEA, J.P., D. GANDAWIDJAJA, H. WIRIADINATA, R.E. NASUTION & IRAWATI. 2001. Tumbuhan langka Indonesia (Rare plants of Indonesia). 86 pp, illus. Puslitbang Biologi-LIPI. ISBN 979-579-036-6 (In Bahasa Indonesia). This is an illustrated guide to and descriptions of 40 rare or endangered plants of Indonesia. Not surprisingly several species of Aquilaria, mercilessly sought after for their scented wood (gaharu), are included as well as several species of orchids and Rafflesia, of which habitat destruction is the main threat. This is also true for Amorphophallus titanum which, by the way, has been successfully propagated by seeds in the Leiden Botanical Garden, alongside other species of the genus.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    A website for all angiosperm families – http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/ (2002)
    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.13 (2002) nr.2 p.157
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: Currently both those teaching and those learning about phylogenies face a variety of problems. There are several systems to chose from, yet there is no explicitly phylogenetic system (in the sense of recognizing only strictly monophyletic groups) where all those groups are described. Conventional family descriptions are long, and present a formidable challenge to somebody trying to learn about the family. This website attempts to deal with such problems. It is a web-based treatment of all flowering plant families and orders that very largely follows the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) system (APG, 1998, 2002). It contains characterizations of all plant families, some infrafamilial groups, and most of the well-supported nodes above the level of family including those formally recognized as orders. The characterizations consist of hierarchically organized information (see below), and are linked to trees. Associated material consists of a brief discussion of the characters used, indexes of familial and ordinal names, and a bibliography, as well as links to photographs, lists of genera, and other sites.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    The Prosea Programme (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) (2002)
    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.13 (2002) nr.2 p.137
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: On 25 and 26 June 2001 FRIM and PROSEA Country Office Malaysia organised a First National Workshop on Environmental Education (EE) in Forest Recreational Areas. The workshop was attended by 75 participants, most from municipalities and government agencies. The issue is actual because tourism is increasingly shifting towards eco- or nature tourism and Malaysia has a lot to offer in this respect. PROSEA Malaysia could contribute e.g. by institutionalising EE at all levels of education, including teachers training, providing teachers with support material for EE, bringing school and community closer by making them undertake EE activities together and providing basic environmental knowledge to all government agencies, private sectors, general public, and political parties. Mid 2001, Dr. E. Sukara, Deputy for Natural Sciences for Biology LIPI, succeeded Dr. A. Nontji as Chair of PROSEA’S National Steering Committee in Indonesia.
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    WWF Kikori Catchment Developmental Project, Papua New Guinea orchid survey (2002)
    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.13 (2002) nr.1 p.56
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: The World Wildlife Fund (Kikori Catchment Developmental Project, Papua New Guinea) has commenced field surveys of the Orchidaceae in the Lake Kutabu and Mt Bosavi areas of Papua New Guinea. The main purpose of the survey is to get a more accurate assessment of the orchids in the region. In a previous survey based on data collected along transects within the region, the total orchid flora appeared to have been underestimated due to a lack of knowledge in the recognition and identification of these plants. A major component of the project therefore was to work jointly with two national botanists, L. Balun, Senior Lecturer, Bulolo University College, and O. Jebia, WWF Botanist, and train them to recognise and identify the orchids encountered in the field. The survey area is biologically rich with diverse tropical rain forest at 800-1400 m altitude on the Papuan fold belt geological region on the southern slopes of the Southern Highlands. Currently it is an area of major economic significance to Papua New Guinea containing major oil and natural gas fields. Much of the forest within the region is in a pristine state with minimal clearing and agriculture evident. The ease of access to various habitats within the region either by road, boat, or air, makes it an ideal situation to conduct research to assess biodiversity in this part of Papua New Guinea.
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    Bibliography (2002)
    In:  Flora Malesiana Bulletin (0071-5778) vol.13 (2002) nr.1 p.70
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-05
    Description: Arts, T. 2001. A revision of Splachnobryaceae (Musci). Lindbergia 26: 77-96, illus. — 2 gen (1 new), 10 spp (1), 6 Malesian; key; synonymy, descriptions, notes. AWASTHI, U.S., S.C. SRIVASTAVA & D. SHARMA. 2000 (‘1999’). Lopholejeunea (Spruce) Schiffn. in India. Geophytol. 29: 35-60, illus. — 12 taxa, 4 new; key; synonymy, descriptions, notes.
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    Diderma cristatosporum, a nivicolous myxomycete from Spain (2002)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi (0031-5850) vol.17 (2002) nr.4 p.643
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-20
    Description: A new species of nivicolous myxomycetes, Diderma cristatosporum is described from Spain and compared with the type of D. subdictyospermum. LM and SEM photographs of the microscopical characters are provided.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    Excursieverslagen van FLORON-kampen in 2001 (2002)
    In:  Gorteria : tijdschrift voor de floristiek, de plantenoecologie en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland (0017-2294) vol.28 (2002) nr.2/3 p.52
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-05
    Description: Mede dankzij de gebiedsdekkende inventarisatie door de provincie Zeeland in de jaren zeventig en tachtig zijn er omtrent de Zeeuwse flora in de loop der jaren al veel gegevens op papier gezet. Nu, zo’n twintig jaar later, beginnen deze gegevens aardig gedateerd te raken. Bovendien zijn er ondanks het vlakdekkende werk toch nog redelijk wat ‘witte gebieden’ op de kaart. Reden genoeg om tussen 2001 en 2004 vier speciale inventarisatiekampen te organiseren. Het eerste kamp dat afgelopen jaar vanuit Veere plaatsvond was een succes dankzij een aantrekkelijk programma met goede hokken naast saaie hokken, een uitstekende overnachtingslocatie, goed weer met tot slot een typisch Zeeuwse bui met zware luchten boven de Oosterschelde en bovendien een opkomst 43 floristen van binnen en buiten Zeeland. Niet onbelangrijk te melden dat zowel de provincie Zeeland, het Zeeuwse Landschap, Staatsbosbeheer en Natuurmonumenten dit initiatief financieel ondersteunden. De inventarisaties vonden plaats op Walcheren en Noord- en Zuid-Beveland. In totaal werden 47 kilometerhokken geheel of gedeeltelijk onderzocht. Tevens werden van 14 hokken LMF-formulieren ingevuld. Dit alles was goed voor 5.512 waarnemingen betreffende 541 soorten, waarvan 47 Rode-Lijstsoorten. Het LMFproject maakte op een nogal schokkende manier duidelijk hoezeer de plantengroei in relatief korte tijd kan veranderen. In de periode van 1976 tot en met 1997 werden volgens FlorBase in de geselecteerde kilometerhokken 162 waarnemingen van bijzondere plantensoorten genoteerd. Tijdens het FLORON-inventarisatiekamp werden daarvan slechts 55 groeiplaatsen met zekerheid teruggevonden. Dit is niet meer dan 33,5%. Van de 66 soorten werden er slechts 25 teruggevonden (37%). Naar zeldzaamheden als Rozenkransje ( Antennaria dioica), Wollige distel ( Cirsium eriophorum) Akkerdoornzaad ( Torilis arvensis), Bergnachtorchis ( Platanthera chlorantha) en Grote leeuwenklauw ( Aphanes arvensis) werd tevergeefs gezocht. Overigens werden de laatste twee wel op andere plaatsen gezien. Zeer opvallend is dat de voor Zeeland relatief algemene soorten als Gewone agrimonie ( Agrimonia eupatoria), Rode ogentroost (Odontites vernus susp. serotinus), Wilde marjolein ( Origanum vulgare), Dubbelkelk ( Picris echioides) en IJzerhard (Verbena officinalis) binnen de LMF-hokken niet werden teruggevonden.
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    A new species of Mamordica (Cucurbitaceae) from West Africa (2002)
    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.47 (2002) nr.2 p.343
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: A new Momordica species from Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana is described.
    Keywords: Cucurbitaceae ; Momordica ; Côte d’Ivoire ; Ghana ; taxonomy
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    Reviews (2002)
    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.47 (2002) nr.1 p.148
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: This volume on medicinal and poisonous plants treats lesser known species. In the brief introduction to the book it is explained that the choice of taxa to be included is a bit arbitrary and mostly based on the amount of information available. For the species treated in vol. 12(1) more information is available than for those treated in vol. 12 (2). However, the book discusses many taxa with surprisingly detailed information, maybe the truly lesser known species are saved for vol. 12 (3). Many of the taxa treated are not originally found in South-East Asia, but are locally or widely cultivated in the area. For general information on medicinal and poisonous plants the reader is referred to vol. 12 (1). As usual for the PROSEA volumes, also this one is produced along the well-known PROSEA standards.
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    Review (2002)
    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.47 (2002) nr.2 p.340
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: This is a well-illustrated text book for students of the Open University, comprising six chapters: 1. Plant evolution and structure; 2. Photosynthesis; 3. Water and transport in plants; 4. Plant mineral nutrition; 5. Plant growth and development; 6. Interactions between seed plants and microbes. I cannot really judge the quality of the latter five chapters, although the last chapter (6) and especially the treatment of the plant-fungus relation seem quite fine to me. I feel more capable of evaluating the first chapter (1) on evolution and structure. And, I must say that I am a bit critical on this one. It is always difficult to find an optimum between completeness on the one hand and a good focus on brief treatments of essential items on the other. However, in this case I see too many omissions. No treatment of evolution can be given without presenting a skeleton phylogeny with presumed apomorphies indicated. A phylogenetic tree as presented in fig. 1.3 does not give clues, not to mention possible criticism on e.g. the implied monophyly of the hepatics, hornworts and bryophytes. The book not only focuses on plants (embryophytes), it is restricted to it. Not dealing with its sistergroup and further outgroups, in my view, severely hampers a proper understanding of the phylogeny and evolution of plants. A last omission to be mentioned is that none of the gymnosperm groups have been treated, which again hampers proper understanding of seeds and seed plants and places the discussion on the success of flowering plants in a kind of vacuum. There are enough examples of recent text books on plants, botany or biology showing that with only a few pages more, a much better view on the evolution of plant diversity can be presented. This, in my view, will be of great benefit for especially those students who are mainly interested in the last five, more physiologically oriented chapters.
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    Novitates Gabonensis 44. Uvaria annickiae, a name for a rare Uvaria species (Annonaceae) from Gabon (2002)
    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.47 (2002) nr.2 p.341
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: A new species of Uvaria from Gabon is described.
    Keywords: Annonaceae ; Uvaria ; Gabon ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    Revision of Coelogyne section Moniliformes (Orchidaceae) based on morphology, plastid and nrDNA ITS sequences (2002)
    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.47 (2002) nr.3 p.409
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Section Moniliformes Carr of the orchid genus Coelogyne is revised using morphological and molecular data. Twelve species are recognised, including two new ones (C. chanii and C. renae). and a dubious one (C. crassiloba). A combined analysis of morphological characters, and sequences of the nrDNA ITS region, matK gene, trnT-trnL intergenic spacer, trnL intron and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer supports the monophyly of the section as here recognised. Persistence of the rhizome scales, shape of the margin of the leaves, inflorescence type, shape of the rachis, its nodes and pedicel scars, indument of the floral bracts, lip size and depth of the sinus of the lateral lobes of the hypochile seem to be phylogenetically informative characters. Shape of the leaf blade, flowering mode, shape of the base and keels of the hypochile, shape of the apex of the lateral lobes and keels of the epichile and shape of the column show many parallelisms.
    Keywords: Coelogyne ; section ; Moniliformes ; matK ; nrDNA ITS ; phylogeny ; trnT-trnF
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
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    Book notices (2002)
    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.47 (2002) nr.2 p.384
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    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: A full review of books announced in this section may be published in Blumea at a later date.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
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    A new species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) from Thailand (2002)
    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.47 (2002) nr.3 p.541
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    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: A new species of Magnolia, M. thailandica is described from Thailand.
    Keywords: Magnolia ; Thailand
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    New species of Ardisia (Myrsinaceae) from Malesia (2002)
    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.47 (2002) nr.3 p.493
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    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Twenty-seven new species, one new subspecies and five new varieties of Ardisia are described from the Flora Malesian region.
    Keywords: Ardisia ; Malesia ; new taxa
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    Effects of solar radiation on growth and mycosporine-like amino acids content in Thalassiosira sp, an Antarctic diatom (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Polar Biology:, 25, pp. 12-20
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Wind triggered events of phytoplankton downward flux in the Northeast Water Polynya (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Marine Systems, 31(4), pp. 261-278
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    A 3-D mesoscale map of primary production at the Antarctic Polar Front: results of a diagnostic model (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Deep-Sea Research II, 49(18), pp. 3813-3834, ISBN: 0967-0645
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: Abstract - A diagnostic model is established to estimate synoptically the mesoscale distribution of primaryproduction at the Antarctic Polar Front (APF). The model domain is a three-dimensional box, centered at roughly50° S and 10° E, of about 1° latitude and 2° longitude horizontal extent, and of 300 m depth. The box wassurveyed in high resolution during austral summer 1995/1996 with a towed undulating vehicle and bycomplementary ship based measurements. Measurements of global solar radiation, of the underwater light field,and of the chlorophyll concentration from the survey are used as input variables for the model. The model isbased on photosynthesis-light relationships, with parameters taken from in vitro incubations performed duringthe survey. The model results show mesoscale patches of elevated primary production along a meander of theAPF, and lowest production in a cold cyclonic eddy south of the front. Production is confined to a shallower depthrange in the front than outside, due to self-shading effects from generally higher mixed-layer chlorophyllconcentrations. Self-shading effects account for variations of the percent light depths, and of the saturation lightdepth, by a factor of two within the survey area. Primary production at the surface varies horizontally between 7and 56 mg C m-3 d-1 with a mean of 26 mg C m-3 d-1, and vertically integrated production ranges from 295 to975 mg C m-2 d-1, with an areal mean of 585 mg C m-2 d-1. Changes by a factor of two in integrated productionoccur on horizontal scales as small as 10 km. Production rates also differ significantly between days as a resultof changes in global solar radiation.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Remote-sensing systems and seabirds: their use, abuse and potential for measuring marine environmental variables (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Marine Ecology Progress Series, 228, pp. 241-261
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: We examined how seabirds might be used to study marine environmental variables, which necessitates knowing location and the value of the variable to be studied. Five systems can potentially be used for determination of location: VHF (Very High Frequency) telemetry, PTT (Platform Terminal Transmitter) telemetry, GLS (Global Location Service) geolocation methods, dead reckoning and GPS (Global Positioning System), each with its own advantages with respect to accuracy, potential number of fixes and size. Temperature and light were used to illustrate potential difficulties in recording environmental variables. Systems currently used on seabirds for measurement of temperature respond slowly to environmental changes; thus, they may not measure sea surface temperature adequately when contact periods with water bodies are too short. Light can be easily measured for light extinction studies, but sensor orientation plays a large role in determining recorded values. Both problems can be corrected. The foraging behaviour of seabirds was also examined in order to identify those features which would be useful for determination of marine environmental variables at a variety of spatial and temporal scales. Area coverage by birds is highly dependent on breeding phase and tends to be concentrated in areas where prey acquisition is particularly enhanced. The identification of these sites may be of particular interest to marine biologists. Plungers and divers are potentially most useful for assessment of variables deeper within the water column, with some divers spending up to 90% of their time sub-surface. Few seabirds exploit the water column deeper than 20 m, although some divers regularly exceed 50 m (primarily penguins and auks), while 2 species dive in excess of 300 m. The wide-ranging behaviour of seabirds coupled, in many instances, with their substantial body size makes them potentially excellent carriers of sophisticated environmental measuring technology; however, the ethical question of how much the well-being of birds can, and should, be compromised by such an approach needs to be carefully considered.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Sedimentary record of the mid-Pleistocene climate transition in the southeastern South Atlantic (ODP Site 1090) (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 182(3), pp. 241-258
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    Publication Date: 2018-08-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Atmospheric drag coefficients over sea ice - validation of a parameterisation concept (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Tellus 54A(2), pp. 205-219, ISSN: 0280-6495
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    Publication Date: 2017-10-20
    Description: The concept of drag partioning to parameterise the surface roughnessof sea ice is validated using topography data of regions with high sea iceconcentrations. The parameterised drag is compared to measurementsobtained by aircraft and ship. The form drag can well be expressed asa function of mean rigde heights and spacings averaged over flightlegs of at least 12, if an improved approximation for the coefficient ofresistance of a single ridge is used. We find a good agreement between theparameterised and observed drag coefficients. The highest sea iceroughness was encountered close to coastal regions and the lowest in thecentral Arctic.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Chemical depletion of Arctic ozone in winter 1999/2000 (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical ResearchD20), 107, 8276 p.
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: Large losses of Arctic ozone occur during winters with cold, stable stratospheric circulations that result in the extensive occurrence of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). Reactions on the surface of PSCs lead to elevated abundances of chlorine monoxide (ClO) that, in the presence of sunlight, destroys ozone. Here we show that PSCs were more widespread during the 1999/2000 Arctic winter than for any other winter in the past two decades. We have used three fundamentally different approaches to derive the degree of chemical ozone loss from ozone sonde, balloon, aircraft and satelite instruments. We show that the ozone losses derived from these different instruments and approaches agree very well, resulting in a high level of confidence in the results. Chemical processes led to a 70% reduction of ozone for a ~1 km thick region of the lower stratosphere, the largest degree of local loss ever reported for the Arctic. The chemical loss of ozone in the total column amounted to about 100 DU by the end of the winter. This total column loss was balanced by transport, resulting in relatively constant total ozone between early January and late March, which is in contrast to the climatological increase of the total ozone column during this period, that is observed during most years.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    The occurrence of faecal material in relation to different pelagic systems in the Southern Ocean and its importance for vertical flux (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Deep-Sea Research II, 49(16), pp. 3229-3242
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Abstract:During the SO-JGOFS-Polarstern-cruise in Oct/Nov 1992, faecal pellet abundance and distribution were determined in order to assess the impact of zooplankton grazing and defecation within the following three typical Antarctic plankton regimes in the Atlantic sector: the Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ), the southern Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and the Polar Frontal region (PFr). In contrast to the more southern regions, the PFr was characterised by the occurrence of relatively dense phyto-plankton blooms and high copepod concentrations. Faecal pellets were relatively abundant in the MIZ reaching up to 〉 105 µg faecal pellet carbon (FPC) m-3, whereas the values in the more northern regions were about one to two orders of magnitude lower: about 6 µg FPC m-3 in the southern ACC and less than 1 µm FPC m-3 in the PFr. Thus, the region with the highest phyto- and zooplankton concentrations showed by far the lowest faecal pellet standing stock concentrations. These results were compared to other regions in the Southern Ocean and to other regions in the world oceans and possible reasons for this situation and the potential ecological impact are discussed. Our investigations show, that not only the biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton, but also mainly the structures of the plankton communities are decisive for sedimentation potentials of carbon and silica via faecal pellets in the different regions of the ocean.
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    Impact of the Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) mission on ocean circulation estimates 2. Volume and heat transports across hydrographic sections of unequally spaced stations. (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research, 107 (C2), doi: 10.1029/2000JC000647, ISSN: 0148-0227
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: Accurate geoids are expected to improve our knowlegde of the dynamicsea surface height (SSH) as a mirror of the dynamic state of theoceans. The dedicated geoid mission GOCE is expected to be lauched in 2004.It will lead to a highly accurate geoid model with a resolution of degreeand order 200. We examine the impact of this missionon the assessment of large scale oceanic mass and heat transports via itsexpected error characteristics. We do so applying a linear box inversemodel and a non-linear section inverse model to hydrographic data andto (synthetic) sea surface height data. The results are compared tothose obtained when substituting the error estimates of the GRACEmission and the present day geoid EGM96.For the box inverse model, we find an average reduction in transportuncertainties in Experiment A (which includes model error at the levelof sea surface height variability) of about 9 % for GRACE geoid errorcovariances and about 17 % for GOCE over the ``hydrography only'' solution.In both GRACE and GOCE these average percentage improvements aresignificantly increased when the SSH variability signal is excluded(Experiment B) to 42 % for GRACE and 47 % for GOCE. We expect a greaterimprovement in the accuracy of ocean transports from GOCE when WOCEhydrographic data are used to enclose numerous, smaller box regions.The apriori assumptions of the non-linear model about the oceancirculation are much more conservative than for the box model. As aconsequence, the uncertainties of large scale transports are much biggerthan for the linear model. On the other hand, since this model buildson small scale balances, it can resolve small scale features of theflow field better. SSH data with GRACE geoid error covariances reducethe uncertainties on the average by 29 %, with GOCE geoid errorcovariances by 37 %. Exclusion of the SSH variability changes(Experiment B) these numbers by less than 5 % points.Summarizing our results and those of Part I, III and IV of this studywe conclude that the GRACE mission reduces the marine geoid uncertaintiessuch that altimetry becomes useful for the study of the steady stateocean circulation.The GOCE mission will improve the accuracy of the circulation estimates evenfurther on the large scales and introduce higher accuracy on shorterwavelenths as well.Furthermore, it will enable us to study individual ocean currents.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Carbon export fluxes in the Southern Ocean: results from inverse modeling and comparison with satellite based estimates (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Deep-sea research ii, 49, pp. 1623-1644
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: The usage of dissolved nutrients and carbon for photosynthesis in the euphotic zone and the subsequent downward transport of particulate and dissolved organic material strongly affect the carbon concentrations in surface water and thus the air-sea exchange of CO2. Efforts to quantify the downward carbon flux for the whole ocean or on basin-scales are hampered by the sparseness of direct productivity or flux measurements. Here, a global ocean circulation, biogeochemical model is used to determine rates of export production and vertical carbon fluxes in the Southern Ocean. The model exploits the existing large sets of hydrographic, oxygen, nutrient and carbon data, that contain information on the underlying biogeochemical processes. The model is fitted to the data by systematically varying circulation, air-sea fluxes, production and remineralization rates simultaneously. Use of the adjoint method yields model property simulations that are in very good agreement with measurements.In the model, the total integrated export flux of particulate organic matter (POC) necessary for the realistic reproduction of nutrient data is significantly larger than export estimates derived from primary productivity maps. Of the about 10,000~\TgC\ (10~\GtC )required globally, the Southern Ocean south of 30\degree S contributes about 3000~\TgC\ (33\%), most of which is occurring in a zonal belt along the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and in the Peru, Chile and Namibia coastal upwelling regions. The export flux of POC for the area south of 50\degree S amounts to 1100$\pm$200~\TgC\ and the particle flux in 1000~m for the same area is 120$\pm$20~\TgC . Unlike for the global ocean, the contribution of the downward flux of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is significant in the Southern Ocean. Comparison with satellite based productivity estimates (CZCS and SeaWiFS) show a relatively good agreement over most of the ocean except for the Southern Ocean, where the model fluxes are systematically higher than the satellite based values by factors between two and five. This discrepancy is significant, and an attempt to reconcile the low satellite-derived productivity values with ocean-interior nutrient budgets failed. Too low productivity estimates from satellite chlorophyll observations in the Southern Ocean could arise because of the inability of the satellite sensors to detect frequently occurring sub-surface chlorophyll patches, and to a poor calibration of the conversion algorithms in the Southern Ocean because of the very limited amount of direct measurements.
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    Molecular tools in the study of marine microbial diversity (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Biotechnology, Doelle, H.W. [Ed.],in: Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), Developed under the Auspices of the UNESCO, Eolss Publishers, Oxford, UK, [http://www.eolss.net]
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Marine organisms are the major, sustaining components of ecosystem processes and are responsible forbiogeochemical reactions that drive our climate changes. Despite this, many marine organisms are poorlydescribed and little is known of broad spatial and temporal scale trends in their abundance and distribution.With new molecular and analytical techniques we can advance our knowledge of marine biodiversity at thespecies level to understand how marine biodiversity supports ecosystem structure, dynamics and resilience.We can then interpret environmental, ecological and evolutionary processes controlling and structuring marineecosystem biodiversity. With better analytical methods available, we can augment our understanding ofbiodiversity and ecosystem dynamics in especially the pico- and nano fractions of the plankton as well as in thedeep sea benthos , both of which are very difficult to study. We have provided examples of new and long standingmolecular tools for researchers in marine ecosystems to enable them to provide better, faster and more accurateestimates of marine biodiversity in the community using tools at the forefront of molecular research.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    POAM III observations of Arctic ozone loss for the 1999/2000 winter (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(D20), 8262
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: During the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) III Ozone Loss and ValidationExperiment (SOLVE)/Third European Stratospheric Experiment on Ozone (THESEO) campaign,Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM) III sampled in the vortex core, on the vortexedge, and outside the vortex on a near-daily basis from December 1999 through mid-March 2000.During this period, POAM observed a substantial amount of ozone decline. For example, ozonemixing ratios in the core of the vortex dropped from about 3.5 ppmv in mid-January to about 2ppmv by mid-March at 500 K. The ozone chemical loss indicated by these measurements isassessed using two methodologies. First, the POAM data is used to construct vortex-averagedozone profiles, which are advected downward using vortex average descent rates. The maximumozone loss (1 January to 15 March) is found to be about 1.8 ppmv. In a second approach, theREPROBUS 3-D CTM is used to specify the passive ozone distribution throughout the winter. Thechemical loss in the vortex is estimated by performing a point-by-point subtraction of the POAMmeasurements inside the vortex from the model passive ozone evaluated at the time and locationof the POAM measurements. Both ozone loss estimates are in general agreement and they agreewell with published loss estimates from ER2 and ozonesonde measurements.
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    Comparison of empirically derived ozone loss rates in the Arctic vortex (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(D20), 8264
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: A number of studies have reported empirical estimates of ozone loss in the Arctic vortex.They have used satellite and in situ measurements and have principally covered the Arcticwinters in the 1990s. While there is qualitative consistency between the patterns of ozone loss, aquantitative comparison of the published values shows apparent disagreements. In this paper weexamine these disagreements in more detail. We choose to concentrate on the five maintechniques (Match, Système d'Analyse par Observation Zénithale (SAOZ)/REPROBUS,Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), vortex average descent, and the Halogen OccultationExperiment (HALOE) ozone tracer approach). Estimates of the ozone losses in three winters(1994/1995, 1995/1996 and 1996/1997) are recalculated so that the same time periods, altituderanges, and definitions of the Arctic vortex are used. This recalculation reveals a remarkably goodagreement between the various estimates. For example, a superficial comparison of results fromMatch and from MLS indicates a big discrepancy (2.0 ± 0.3 and 0.85 ppmv, respectively, for airending at ~460 K in March 1995). However, the more precise comparisons presented here revealgood agreement for the individual MLS periods (0.5 ± 0.1 versus 0.5 ppmv; 0.4 ± 0.2 versus0.3-0.4 ppmv; and 0.16 ± 0.09 ppmv versus no significant loss). Initial comparisons of the columnlosses derived for 1999/2000 also show good agreement with four techniques, giving 105 DU(SAOZ/REPROBUS), 80 DU (380-700 K partial column from Polar Ozone and Aerosol Monitoring(POAM)/REPROBUS), 85 ± 10 DU (HALOE ozone tracer), and 88 ± 13 (400-580 partial columnfrom Match). There are some remaining discrepancies with ozone losses calculated using HALOEozone tracer relations; it is important to ensure that the initial relation is truly representative of thevortex prior to the period of ozone loss.
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    Chemical loss of ozone during the Arctic winter of 1999/2000: An analysis based on balloon-borne observations (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical ResearchD20), 107, 8269 p.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: Simultaneous balloon-borne observations of ozone (O3) and nitrous oxide (N2O), a long-livedtracer of dynamical motion, are used to quantify the chemical loss of ozone in the Arctic vortexduring the winter of 1999/2000. Chemical loss of ozone occurred between altitudes of about 14 and22 km (pressures from ~120 to 30 mbar) and resulted in a 61 ± 13 Dobson unit reduction in totalcolumn ozone between late November 1999 and 5 March 2000 (the date of the last balloon-bornemeasurement considered here). This loss estimate is valid for the core of the vortex during the timeperiod covered by the observations. It is shown that the observed changes in the O3 versus N2Orelation were almost entirely due to chemistry and could not have been caused by dynamics. Thechemical loss of column ozone inferred from the balloon-borne measurements using the "ozoneversus tracer" technique is shown to compare well with estimates of chemical loss found usingboth the Match technique (as applied to independent ozonesonde data) and the "vortex-averageddescent" technique (as applied to Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM) III satellitemeasurements of ozone). This comparison establishes the validity of each approach for estimatingchemical loss of column ozone for the Arctic winter of 1999/2000.
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    Feeding rates and selectivity among nauplii, copepodites and adult females of Calanus finmarchicus, and Calanus helgolandicus (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Helgoland Marine Research, 56, pp. 169-176
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
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    Annual export production in the interior Weddell Gyre estimated from a chemical mass balance of nutrients (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Deep-sea research II, 49, pp. 1675-1689, ISSN: 0967-0645
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
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    Miocene diatom biostratigraphy at ODP Sites 689, 690, 1088, 1092 (Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean) (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Marine Micropaleontology, 45(3), pp. 309-356
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: AbstractFour ODP sites located between 64°S and 41°S in the eastern Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean were investigated to refine the Miocene diatom biostratigraphic zonation tied to the geomagnetic chronology. The Miocene diatom stratigraphy from two sites located on Maud Rise (ODP Leg 113) is revised considering the progress in diatom biostratigraphic research, diatom taxonomy and magnetostratigraphic age assignment during the past 10 years. A new diatom zonation was erected for Site 1092 (ODP Leg 177) located on Meteor Rise integrating a magnetostratigraphic interpretation of the shipboard data. This zonation was also applied to Site 1088 (ODP Leg 177) located on Astrid Ridge. The study is focused to Middle and Upper Miocene sequences. It reveals latitudinal differentiations in stratigraphic species ranges and species occurrence pattern that are related to latitudinal differences in surface water masses reflecting the climatic development of the Antarctic cryosphere. Considering the latitudinal differences two stratigraphic zonations are proposed that are applicable to the northern and southern zone of the Southern Ocean, respectively. The southern Southern Ocean Miocene diatom biostratigraphic zonation consists of 16 zones in which 11 represent new or modified zones. The northern biostratigraphic zonation contains 10 diatom zones allowing a stratigraphic resolution in the range of 0.2 to 2 m.y. This paper also includes the taxonomic transfer of seven Miocene diatom taxa from genus Nitzschia Hassal to Fragilariopsis Hustedt.
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    Wavelength-dependent induction of UV-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids in the red alga Chondrus crispus under natural solar radiation (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 268, pp. 69-82, ISSN: 0022-0981
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Polychromatic response spectra for the induction of UV absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) were calculated after exposing small thalli of the red alga Chondrus crispus under various cut-off-filters to natural solar radiation on the North Sea island Helgoland, Germany. The laboratory grown specimens, typically contain only traces of palythine and synthesise five different MAAs rapidly and in high concentrations after being transplanted into shallow water. The resulting qualitative and quantitative patterns of MAA induction differed markedly with respect to spectral distribution. Furthermore, the wavebands effective for MAA induction vary within the MAA. UV-B radiation had a negative effect on the accumulation of the major MAAs shinorine (lmax = 334 nm) and palythine (lmax = 320 nm), while short wavelength UV-A exhibits the highest quantum efficiency on their synthesis. In contrast, the synthesis of asterina-330 (lmax = 330 nm), palythinol (lmax = 332 nm) and palythene (lmax = 360 nm) was mainly induced by UV-B radiation. Whether the synthesis of shinorine and palythine is induced by a photoreceptor with an absorption maximum in the short wavelength UV-A and whether a second photoreceptor absorbing UV-B radiation is responsible for the induction of asterina-330, palythinol and palythene remains to be studied.Our results show that C. crispus has a high capacity to adapt flexibly the qualitative and quantitative MAA concentration to the prevailing spectral distribution of irradiance. On the one hand, this is regarded as an important aspect with respect to the acclimation of algae to increasing UV-B irradiance in the context of ongoing depletion of stratospheric ozone. On the other hand the experiment demonstrates that UV-A irradiance is more important for the induction of the major MAAs shinorine and palythine than UV-B.
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    The ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Polar research, 21, pp. 167-208
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Tank study of physico-chemical controls on gas content and composition during growth of young sea ice (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Glaciology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: During an ice tank experiment, samples were taken to study the processes of acquisition and alteration of the gas properties in young first-year sea ice during a complete growth-warming-cooling cycle. The goal was to obtain reference levels for total gas content and concentrations of atmospheric gases (O2, N2, CO2) in the absence of significant biological activity.The range of total gas content values obtained (3.5 to 18 ml of gas per kilo of ice) was similar to previous measurements or estimates. However, major differences occurred between the current and quiet basins, showing the role of water dynamics at the ice-water interface in controlling bubble nucleation processes.Extremely high CO2 concentrations were observed in all the experiments (up to 57% in volume parts). It is argued that these could have resulted from two unexpected biases in the experimental settings.Concentrations of bubbles nucleated at the interface are controlled by diffusion both from the ice-water interface towards the well-mixed reservoir, and between the interface water and the bubble itself. This double kinetic effect results in a transition of the gas composition in the bubbles from values close to solubility in sea water towards values close to atmospheric, as the ice cover builds up.
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    Ozone loss from quasi-conservative coordinate mapping during the 1999-2000 SOLVE/THESEO 2000 campaigns (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical ResearchD20), 107, 8274 p.
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Ozone observations made by the Airborne Raman Ozone, Temperature, and Aerosol Lidar(AROTEL) and Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) on board the NASA DC-8 aircraft, the NOAAin situ instrument on board the NASA ER-2 aircraft, and Third European Stratospheric Experimenton Ozone 2000 (THESEO 2000) ozonesondes are analyzed by applying a quasi-conservativecoordinate mapping technique. Measurements from the late winter/early spring SAGE III OzoneLoss and Validation Experiment (SOLVE) period (January through March 2000) are incorporatedinto a time-varying composite field in a potential vorticity-potential temperature coordinate space;ozone loss rates are calculated both with and without diabatic effects. The average loss rate frommid-January to mid-March near the 450 K isentropic surface in the polar vortex is found to beapproximately 0.03 ppmv/d.
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    Estimating a Mean Ocean State from Hydrography and Sea-Surface Height Data with a Non-linear Inverse Section Model: Twin Experiments with a Synthetic Dataset (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of physical oceanography, 32, pp. 2096-2112
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: The recovery of the oceanic flow field from in situ data is one ofthe oldest problems of modern oceanography. In this study, astationary, non-linear inverse model is used to estimate a meangeostrophic flow field from hydrographic data along a hydrographicsection. The model is augmented to improve these estimates withmeasurements of the absolute sea-surface height by satellitealtimetry. Measurements of the absolute sea-surface height includeestimates of an equipotential surface, the geoid. Compared tooceanographic measurements, the geoid is known only to low accuracyand spatial resolution, which restricts the use of sea-surface heightdata to applications of large scale phenomena of the circulation.Dedicated satellite missions that are designed for high precision,high resolution geoid models are planned and/or in preparation. Ourstudy, which relies on twin experiments, assesses the importantcontribution of improved geoid models to estimating the mean flowfield along a hydrographic section. When the sea-surface height dataare weighted according to the error estimates of the future highlyaccurate geoid models GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment)and GOCE (Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer)integrated fluxes of mass and temperature can be determined with anaccuracy that is improved over the case with no sea-surface heightdata by up to 55%. With the error estimates of the currently bestgeoid model EGM96, the reduction of the estimated flux errors does notexceed 18%.
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    AIMS - An automated identification system for microbial populations (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Proceedings of the 15th International Diatom Symposium 1998, pp. 21-29
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: AIMS (Automated Identification System For Microbial Populations) is an EU MAST III project that will develop, test and apply analytical procedures to identify and characterise phytoplankton using in situ hybridisation and flow cytometry coupled to artificial neural networks (ANN). Ribosomal RNA sequences, especially the 18S rRNA, will be used to develop specific oligonucleotide probes for detecting different groups, genera and species of algae for confirmation of the species identification made with ANNs. 18S rRNA sequences retrieved from GenBank were added to unpublished sequences from nano- and picoplankton taxa to build up an algal sequence database. Sequence data were analysed using the ARB program to find unique regions for designing specific probes. Oligonucleotides complementary to these sites were labelled with fluorochromes or with enzymes and hybridised to different algae or the PCR products of their 18S rRNA gene for subsequent analysis using chemiluminescent detection or fluorescent detection with microscopy or flow cytometry. Specific probes are currently available for algae at a higher group level (i.e., green versus non-green algae), at the class level (i.e., Pelagophyceae, Prymnesiophyceae), for two clades of Chrysochromulina species, for the genus Phaeocystis and for the species Alexandrium tamarense, Chrysochromulina polylepis, and several species of Pseudo-nitzschia. Probes that have been developed and are now being tested are among others specific for dinoflagellates and pennate diatoms, the genus Pyramimonas, six clades within the Cryptophyta and the species Emiliania huxleyi, Gymnodinium mikimotoi, Heterocapsa triquetra, Phaeocystis globosa, Prorocentrum lima, P. minimum, P. micans and Skeletonema costatum. Probes will be developed for the genera Gymnodinium (in part) and Chaetoceros. A broad range of algal taxa can be identified and counted rapidly with ANNs, and their identification reconfirmed with rRNA probes.
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    An estimation of the sediment budget in the Laptev Sea during the last 5,000 years (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Polarforschung 70, pp. 151-157
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
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    Modelling of large-scale melt parameters with a regional climate model in South-Greenland during the 1991 melt season (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Annals of Glaciology, 35, pp. 391-397
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Large-scale positive degree-day based melt parameterisations for the Greenland ice sheet are highly sensitive to their parameters (standard temperature deviation, snow and ice degree-day factors). In this article, these parametrs have been simulated with a coupled atmosphere-snow regional climate model for the southern part of Greenland during the summer of 1991 forced at the lateral boundaries with ECMWF re-analysis. The calculated (from net ablation, i.e. ablation without refreezing) snow and ice positive degree-day factors vary considerably over the ice sheet. At low elevations, the modelled snow degree-day factor approaches closely the generally accepted value of 3 mm WE d-1 °C-1. Higher up the ice sheet, large values up to 15 mm WE d-1 °C-1 are simulated. In case of ice melt, maximum values until 40 mm WE d-1 °C-1 are found. The snow and ice positive degree-day factor distributions peak respectively at 3 and 8 mm WE d-1 °C-1. Refreezing is of small importance close to the ice sheet margin. Higher up the ice sheet, refreezing considerably lowers the amount of net ablation. The monthly simulated 2m air temperature standard deviation exhibits a strong seasonal cycle with the highest (between 3.0° and 5.0°C) values in May and June. July shows the lowest temperature fluctuations due to melting of the surface.
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    European pollution outbreaks during ACE 2, part II: Optical particle properties inferred from multiwavelength lidar and star/sun photometry (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research, 107, D15, 14 p.
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
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    A vertical girdle fabric in the NGRIP deep ice core, North Greenland (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Annals of Glaciology, 35, pp. 515-520
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
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    Shallow firn cores from Neumayer, Ekströmisen - A comparison of accumulation rates and stable isotope ratios (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Annals of Glaciology, 35, pp. 91-96, ISSN: 0260-3055
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
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    Temperature impact on reproduction and development of congener copepod populations (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology, 271(2), pp. 121-153
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The goal of this study was to relate the temperature response of all developmental stages and reproductive biology of two congener copepod pairs inhabiting different biogeographic regions to their geographic distribution patterns. Survival of adult females and egg production, embryonic development and hatching success of the genera Centropages and Temora from two stations, in the North Sea and the Mediterranean, were studied in laboratory experiments in a temperature range from 2 to 35°C. Postembryonic development was determined from cohorts raised at temperatures between 10 and 20°C with surplus food. Tolerance limits and optima of female survival, reproduction and development distinguished the northern species C. hamatus and T. longicornis from the southern T. stylifera, while C. typicus, which is found in both regions, was intermediate. Thus, thermal preferences could in part explain distribution patterns of these species. While C. hamatus and the two Temora species showed distinct temperature ranges, C. typicus was able to tolerate different temperature conditions, resulting in its wide distribution range from the subarctic to the tropics. However, the thermal range of a species did not necessarily correlate with the optimal temperatures in the experiments. Egg production and stage development were surprisingly low in T. stylifera, which has a mere southern distribution.
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    Seasonal variation in ecophysiological patterns in macroalgae from an Arctic fjord: II. Pigment accumulation and biochemical defence systems (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Marine Biology 140, pp. 1087-1095
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
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    Lithium in Greenland ice cores measured by ion chromatography (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Annals of Glaciology, Vol 35249, 243
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Abstract: Ion chromatography is a widely used technique to analyse ice cores for ions like Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg++, Ca++, F-, MSA-, Cl-, NO3- and SO4-- that are present in polar ice cores at ppb level. By using sample preconcentration and an optimised separation technique we have been able to detect Li+ in ice core samples in concentrations as low as 0.0001 meq·kg-1 or 0.7 ppt by ion chromatography. During routine analysis of ions in ice cores, the lithium content has been evaluated and recorded. The IC technique used in these measurements and some exemplary IC data from the GRIP (Greenland Ice Core Project) and the NGRIP (North Greenland Ice Core Project) ice cores will be presented. By these data we introduce Li+ concentration as a new parameter in the analysis of ice cores.Like other ions Li+ reflects climatic changes and shows seasonal cycles. On the basis of the geochemistry of lithium we suggest that Li+ measured in the Greenland ice cores is derived from mineral dust. However data from the NGRIP ice core that represents the 8.2 ka BP Holocene cold event show a strong Li+ signal that does not correlate with any other ionic component measured. This means that the lithium content in ice cores is a signal with its own pattern, which is not yet understood.
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    Seasonal variation in ecophysiological patterns in macroalgae from an Arctic fjord: I. Sensitivity of photosynthesis to ultraviolet radiation (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Marine Biology:, 140, pp. 1097-1106
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    The Biogeochemistry Of Dissolved Organic Matter In Aquatic Ecosystems - An Overview (2002)
    In:  EPIC3In: The Vienna School of Marine Biology - A Tribute to Jörg Ott, ISBN: 3-85076-581-4
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    Publication Date: 2014-04-15
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Temporal variability of accumulation at Neumayer station, Antarctica, from stake array measurements and a regional atmospheric model (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Glaciology, 48(160), pp. 87-94, ISSN: 0022-1430
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: In this study we investigate the ability of the regional atmospheric model RACMO to represent temporal variations of Antarctic accumulation using weekly stake array measurements from Neumayer Station. The model uses ECMWF reanalyses data to force the atmospheric variables at the lateral boundaries of the model domain. Accumulation is defined as precipitation minus sublimation. Generally the model represents the synoptic situations that lead to precipitation reasonably well. The amounts of accumulation are, however, usually lower in the model than in the measurements. It cannot be distinguished whether the model underestimates precipitation or whether this effect is due to the redistribution of snow by the wind, which is not taken into account in the model, but affects the accumulation at the measuring site. Significant differences between model and measurements also occur in cases of net ablation due to wind erosion or when accumulation was due to snowdrift from southwest without precipitation observed.
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    Feeding and energy budget of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba at the onset of winter - II. Juveniles and adults - (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Limnology and Oceanography, 47(4), pp. 953-966, ISSN: 0024-3590
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
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    Resuspension and particle transport in the Benthic Nepheloid Layer in and near Fram Strait in relation to faunal abundances and 234Th depletion (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Deep-sea research, 49(11)1958, 1941
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: The West Spitsbergen Current, flowing northward through Fram Strait, causes a benthic nepheloid layer (BNL) on the western slope of the Yermak Plateau. This BNL is weaker on the eastern side of the Plateau and absent on the Greenland side of the Fram Strait where the East Greenland Current flows south. In this BNL we find throughout a depletion of 234Th relative to its parent 238U, and we use this to study the particle dynamics in the BNL. The export flux from the ice-covered surface ocean and from a young bloom found in the ice-free waters off NE Greenland is shown to be negligible, allowing us to explain the 234Th depletion by interaction with the sediment alone. The depletion, balanced by a similar excess in the surface layer of the sediment, implies the existence of a settling-resuspension loop with an average particle residence time of 1-2 months.The asymmetry with a stronger resuspension loop on the western (80-120 mg m-2 d-1) than on the eastern side of the Yermak Plateau (1-15 mg m-2 d-1) is reflected in the numbers of species and individuals of suspension feeders in box core samples, and in epifauna abundance as has been estimated from video observations. The suspension feeders thus contribute to deposit the particles that are advected from more productive ice-free regions. This explanation is in agreement with the east-west asymmetry in the input of organic material to the sediments of the Yermak Plateau, which has been concluded by Soltwedel et al. (2000) from the distribution of pigments, bacterial activity and meiofauna abundances, observed in a concurrent study at the same stations.On the West Spitsbergen shelf, a very intensive BNL was monitored over one month with a moored filtration system. A part of the sustained high suspended load may be advected over long distances.This study gives an example how the tracer 234Th can help to determine to what extent suspended particles are in continuous exchange with the seafloor, and where biological mediation and chemical modification can be expected.
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    Comparison of two potential strategies of planktonic foraminifera for house building: Mg2+ or H+ removal? (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 66(7), pp. 1159-1169
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
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    The Role of Climate Sensitivity and Ocean Heat Uptake on AOGCM Transient Temperature Response (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Climate, 15, pp. 124-130
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The role of climate sensitivity and ocean heat uptake in determining the range of climate model response is investigated in the CMIP2 AOGCM results. The fraction of equilibrium warming that is realised at any one time is less in those models with higher climate sensitivity, leading to a reduction in the temperature response range at the time of CO2 doubling (TCR range transient climate response). The range is reduced by a farther 15% due to an apparent relationship between climate sensitivity and the efficiency of ocean heat uptake. Some possible physical causes for this relationship are suggested.
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    The International DOVETAIL Program (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Deep-Sea Research II, 49(21), pp. 4711-4714
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: The "Deep Ocean Ventilation Through Antarctic Intermediate Layers"(DOVETAIL) program is an international field and modeling study of thedense deep and bottom waters of the northwestern Weddell Sea. Aprimary program goal has been to estimate the volume transport andpathways of these waters, long considered to be a major source ofAntarctic Bottom Water, as they escape from the Weddell Sea over andthrough the South Scotia Ridge into the Scotia Sea. Corollary goalsare to assess modification of the stratification during passage throughthe narrow, steep-sided and irregular channels that transect the Ridge.The program has evolved, since its start in 1997 as a primarily process-oriented project, into a multiyear observational study of the northwesternWeddell Sea-southern Scotia Sea including the Weddell-ScotiaConfluence region. An additional program goal has, therefore, becomethe estimation of interannual variability in the physical system. Thisvolume contains a collection of papers that present recent field andmodel-derived results from the DOVETAIL program.
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    The Southern Ocean surface between Marine Isotope Stages 6 and 5d: Shape and timing of climate changes (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Palaeogeography palaeoclimatology palaeoecology, 187, pp. 151-177
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
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    Oceanic Impacts - A growing field of fundamental geoscience (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Deep-Sea Research II, 49(6), pp. 951-957
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
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    Evidence of `Mid-Pliocene (~3 Ma) global warmth' in the eastern Arctic Ocean and implications for the Svalbard/Barents Sea ice sheet during the late Pliocene and early Pleistocene (¹3 1.7 Ma) (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Boreas, 31(1), pp. 82-93
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
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