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  • AERODYNAMICS
  • Chemistry
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (7)
  • 1980-1984  (7)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1925-1929
  • 1983  (7)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (7)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (6,715)
Years
  • 1980-1984  (7)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 1
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    Phase transition and crystal structure of the 37 degrees C form of cholesterol (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-06
    Description: Crystalline cholesterol undergoes a phase transition a few degrees below human body temperature. The high-temperature form has an unusually complex structure with 16 independent molecules. In the transition two molecules change side chain conformation, four reorient about their long axes, and ten remain unchanged. The transition mechanism implies relatively nonspecific intermolecular interactions, qualitatively consistent with the behavior of cholesterol in biomembranes. The transition preserves a remarkably closely obeyed pseudosymmetry present in the structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hsu, L Y -- Nordman, C E -- GM15259/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 6;220(4597):604-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836303" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Body Temperature ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *Cholesterol ; Crystallization ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Conformation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Leukotrienes: mediators of immediate hypersensitivity reactions and inflammation (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-06
    Description: Arachidonic acid plays a central role in a biological control system where such oxygenated derivatives as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes are mediators. The leukotrienes are formed by transformation of arachidonic acid into an unstable epoxide intermediate, leukotriene A4, which can be converted enzymatically by hydration to leukotriene B4, and by addition of glutathione to leukotriene C4. This last compound is metabolized to leukotrienes D4 and E4 by successive elimination of a gamma-glutamyl residue and glycine. Slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis consists of leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4. The cysteinyl-containing leukotrienes are potent bronchoconstrictors, increase vascular permeability in postcapillary venules, and stimulate mucus secretion. Leukotriene B4 causes adhesion and chemotactic movement of leukocytes and stimulates aggregation, enzyme release, and generation of superoxide in neutrophils. Leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4, which are released from the lung tissue of asthmatic subjects exposed to specific allergens, seem to play a pathophysiological role in immediate hypersensitivity reactions. These leukotrienes, as well as leukotriene B4, have pro-inflammatory effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Samuelsson, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 6;220(4597):568-75.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6301011" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachidonic Acids/metabolism/pharmacology/physiology ; Bronchi/drug effects ; Cats ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Cricetinae ; Guinea Pigs ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/*physiopathology ; Inflammation/*physiopathology ; Leukocytes/drug effects/metabolism ; Leukotriene B4/pharmacology/*physiology ; Mice ; Microcirculation/drug effects ; Rabbits ; Rats ; SRS-A/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Bromine residue at hydrophilic region influences biological activity of aplysiatoxin, a tumor promoter (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-16
    Description: Aplysiatoxin and debromoaplysiatoxin, which are isolated from the seaweed, Lyngbya gracilis, differ in their chemical structure only by the presence or absence of a bromine residue in the hydrophilic region. The function and the structure-activity relation of the hydrophilic region are not known. Aplysiatoxin increased malignant transformation, stimulated DNA synthesis, and inhibited the binding of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate and epidermal growth factor to cell receptors. Debromoaplysiatoxin inhibited the binding of these two substances as strongly as aplysiatoxin but did not increase malignant transformation or stimulate DNA synthesis. These results indicate that a slight change in the chemical structure of the hydrophilic region of aplysiatoxin affects its abilities to increase cell transformation and stimulate DNA synthesis and that the abilities of the tumor promoters to inhibit the binding of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate and epidermal growth factor are dissociable from their abilities to increase cell transformation and stimulate DNA synthesis under some circumstances.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shimomura, K -- Mullinix, M G -- Kakunaga, T -- Fujiki, H -- Sugimura, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 16;222(4629):1242-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6316505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ; Carcinogens/*pharmacology ; Carrier Proteins ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*drug effects ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Lactones/analysis/*pharmacology ; *Lyngbya Toxins ; Mice ; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate ; Phorbol Esters/metabolism ; *Protein Kinase C ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; *Receptors, Drug ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    DNA-binding proteins (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-09
    Description: The structures of three proteins that regulate gene expression have been determined recently and suggest how these proteins may bind to their specific recognition sites on the DNA. One protein (Cro) is a repressor of gene expression, the second (CAP) usually stimulates gene expression, and the third (lambda repressor) can act as either a repressor or an activator. The three proteins contain a substructure consisting of two consecutive alpha helices that is virtually identical in each case. Structural and amino acid sequence comparisons suggest that this bihelical fold occurs in a number of proteins that regulate gene expression, and is an intrinsic part of the DNA-protein recognition event. The modes of repression and activation by Cro and lambda repressor are understood reasonably well, but the mode of action of CAP is still unclear.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Takeda, Y -- Ohlendorf, D H -- Anderson, W F -- Matthews, B W -- GM20066/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM28138/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM30894/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 9;221(4615):1020-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6308768" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *DNA Helicases ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Models, Chemical ; Protein Conformation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Antiviral agents (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krenitsky, T A -- Beauchamp, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857236" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acyclovir/metabolism ; *Antiviral Agents/metabolism ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Humans ; Vidarabine/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Metastable species of hemoglobin: room temperature transients and cryogenically trapped intermediates (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-06
    Description: Resonance Raman spectra of photolyzed carbonmonoxyhemoglobin obtained with 10-nanosecond pulses are compared with the spectra of photolyzed carbonmonoxyhemoglobin stabilized at 80 K. In comparing the deoxy with the photodissociated species, the changes in the Raman spectra are the same for these two experimental regimes. These results show that at ambient and cryogenic temperatures the heme pocket in liganded hemoglobin is significantly different from that of deoxyhemoglobin. It is concluded that measurements of the properties of intermediate species from photodissociated hemoglobin stabilized at low temperatures can be used to probe the short-lived metastable forms of hemoglobin present after photodissociation under biologically relevant solution conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ondrias, M R -- Friedman, J M -- Rousseau, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 6;220(4597):615-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836305" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carboxyhemoglobin ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Freezing ; *Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Ligands ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Irreversible ligands with high selectivity toward delta and mu opiate receptors (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Alkylating agents that display strong selectivity for opiate receptor types delta or mu were prepared by appropriate modification of the structures of the strong analgesics fentanyl, etonitazene, and endoethenotetrahydrooripavine. The availability of these substances should facilitate studies of the structural basis of receptor specificity and of the physiologic roles of these receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rice, K C -- Jacobson, A E -- Burke, T R Jr -- Bajwa, B S -- Streaty, R A -- Klee, W A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):314-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6132444" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkylation ; Animals ; Benzimidazoles/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Brain/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Enkephalin, Methionine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Fentanyl/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; *Isothiocyanates ; Ligands ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/*metabolism/physiology ; Thebaine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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