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  • Chemistry
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  • General Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
  • Models, Molecular
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (18)
  • Alliance for Coastal Technologies
  • 1985-1989  (18)
  • 1989  (18)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (18)
  • Alliance for Coastal Technologies
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (10,115)
  • Springer  (1)
Years
  • 1985-1989  (18)
Year
  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1989-03-03
    Description: Monoclonal antibodies have been induced that are capable of catalyzing specific hydrolysis of the Gly-Phe bond of peptide substrates at neutral pH with a metal complex cofactor. The antibodies were produced by immunizing with a Co(III) triethylenetetramine (trien)-peptide hapten. These antibodies as a group are capable of binding trien complexes of not only Co(III) but also of numerous other metals. Six peptides were examined as possible substrates with the antibodies and various metal complexes. Two of these peptides were cleaved by several of the antibodies. One antibody was studied in detail, and cleavage was observed for the substrates with the trien complexes of Zn(II), Ga(III), Fe(III), In(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Lu(III), Mg(II), or Mn(II) as cofactors. A turnover number of 6 x 10(-4) per second was observed for these substrates. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the use of cofactor-assisted catalysis in an antibody binding site to accomplish difficult chemical transformations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iverson, B L -- Lerner, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Mar 3;243(4895):1184-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2922606" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens/immunology ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Catalysis ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Cobalt/immunology/metabolism ; Glycine/metabolism ; Haptens/immunology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrolysis ; Immunization ; Metals/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Oligopeptides/*metabolism ; Phenylalanine/metabolism ; Trientine/immunology
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1989-11-17
    Description: The surface forces apparatus technique was used for measuring the adhesion, deformation, and fusion of bilayers supported on mica surfaces in aqueous solutions. The most important force leading to the direct fusion of bilayers is the hydrophobic interaction, although the occurrence of fusion is not simply related to the force law between bilayers. Bilayers do not need to "overcome" some repulsive force barrier, such as hydration, before they can fuse. Instead, once bilayer surfaces come within about 1 nanometer of each other, local deformations and molecular rearrangements allow them to "bypass" these forces.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Helm, C A -- Israelachvili, J N -- McGuiggan, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 17;246(4932):919-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814514" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *Lipid Bilayers ; Models, Biological ; Models, Structural ; Phosphatidylcholines ; Phosphatidylethanolamines
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1989-07-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Waldrop, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 28;245(4916):354-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2756423" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Catalysis ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *Enzymes ; Technology, Pharmaceutical
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1989-01-06
    Description: The high affinity of the noncovalent interaction between biotin and streptavidin forms the basis for many diagnostic assays that require the formation of an irreversible and specific linkage between biological macromolecules. Comparison of the refined crystal structures of apo and a streptavidin:biotin complex shows that the high affinity results from several factors. These factors include the formation of multiple hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions between biotin and the protein, together with the ordering of surface polypeptide loops that bury the biotin in the protein interior. Structural alterations at the biotin binding site produce quaternary changes in the streptavidin tetramer. These changes apparently propagate through cooperative deformations in the twisted beta sheets that link tetramer subunits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weber, P C -- Ohlendorf, D H -- Wendoloski, J J -- Salemme, F R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 6;243(4887):85-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Central Research & Development Department, E. I. du Pont de Neumours and Company, Inc., Wilmington, DE 19880-0228.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2911722" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Proteins/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Biotin/*metabolism ; Macromolecular Substances ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; Streptavidin ; X-Ray Diffraction
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1989-03-10
    Description: An analysis of the aminoacylation kinetics of unmodified yeast tRNAPhe mutants revealed that five single-stranded nucleotides are important for its recognition by yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, provided they were positioned correctly in a properly folded tRNA structure. When four other tRNAs were changed to have these five nucleotides, they became near-normal substrates for the enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sampson, J R -- DiRenzo, A B -- Behlen, L S -- Uhlenbeck, O C -- GM 37552/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Mar 10;243(4896):1363-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2646717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases/*metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Phenylalanine-tRNA Ligase/*metabolism ; Plants/genetics ; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific/*genetics ; RNA, Transfer, Phe/*genetics/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Triticum/genetics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1989-05-19
    Description: Chemical probing methods have been used to "footprint" 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) at each step during the in vitro assembly of twenty 30S subunit ribosomal proteins. These experiments yield information about the location of each protein relative to the structure of 16S rRNA and provide the basis for derivation of a detailed model for the three-dimensional folding of 16S rRNA. Several lines of evidence suggest that protein-dependent conformational changes in 16S rRNA play an important part in the cooperativity of ribosome assembly and in fine-tuning of the conformation and dynamics of 16S rRNA in the 30S subunit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stern, S -- Powers, T -- Changchien, L M -- Noller, H F -- GM-17129/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 May 19;244(4906):783-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Thimann Laboratories, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2658053" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Escherichia coli ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; RNA, Ribosomal/*metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/*metabolism ; Ribosomal Proteins/*metabolism ; Ribosomes/physiology
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1989-06-16
    Description: Information relevant to the folding and unfolding of alpha helices has been extracted from an analysis of protein structures. The alpha helices in protein crystal structures have been found to be hydrated, either externally by a water molecule hydrogen bonding to the backbone carbonyl oxygen atom, or internally by inserting into the helix hydrogen bond and forming a hydrogen-bonded bridge between the backbone carbonyl oxygen and the amide nitrogen atoms. The water-inserted alpha-helical segments display a variety of reverse-turn conformations, such as type III, type II, type I, and opened out, that can be considered as folding intermediates that are trapped in the folding-unfolding process of alpha helices. Since the alpha helix, most turns, and the extended beta strand occupy contiguous regions in the conformational space of phi, psi dihedral angles, a plausible pathway can be proposed for the folding-unfolding process of alpha helices in aqueous solution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sundaralingam, M -- Sekharudu, Y C -- AR-34139/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jun 16;244(4910):1333-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2734612" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Hydrogen Bonding ; Models, Molecular ; *Protein Conformation ; *Water
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1989-11-17
    Description: The proposal that the absorption maximum of the visual pigments is governed by interaction of the 11-cis-retinal chromophore with charged carboxylic acid side chains in the membrane-embedded regions of the proteins has been tested by mutating five Asp and Glu residues thought to be buried in rhodopsin. Changing Glu113 to Gln causes a dramatic shift in the absorption maximum from 500 nanometers to 380 nanometers, a decrease in the pKa (acidity constant) of the protonated Schiff base of the chromophore to about 6, and a greatly increased reactivity with hydroxylamine. Thus Glu113 appears to be the counterion to the protonated Schiff base. Wavelength modulation in visual pigments apparently is not governed by electrostatic interaction with carboxylate residues, other than the counterion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhukovsky, E A -- Oprian, D D -- 5T32 GM07596-11/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- EY07965/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY007965/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- S07 RR07044/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 17;246(4932):928-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02254.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2573154" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aspartic Acid ; Glutamates ; Glutamic Acid ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydroxylamine ; Hydroxylamines/pharmacology ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Protein Conformation ; Retinal Pigments/*metabolism ; Retinaldehyde/*metabolism ; Retinoids/*metabolism ; Rhodopsin/genetics/*metabolism ; Schiff Bases ; Spectrophotometry
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1989-02-10
    Description: A novel approach to the control of enzyme catalysis is presented in which a disulfide bond engineered into the active-site cleft of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme is capable of switching the activity on and off. Two cysteines (Thr21----Cys and Thr142----Cys) were introduced by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis into the active-site cleft. These cysteines spontaneously formed a disulfide bond under oxidative conditions in vitro, and the catalytic activity of the oxidized (cross-linked) T4 lysozyme was completely lost. On exposure to reducing agent, however, the disulfide bond was rapidly broken, and the reduced (non-cross-linked) lysozyme was restored to full activity. Thus an enzyme has been engineered such that redox potential can be used to control catalytic activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsumura, M -- Matthews, B W -- GM21967/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Feb 10;243(4892):792-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2916125" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding Sites ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; *Disulfides ; Models, Molecular ; Muramidase/*physiology ; *Protein Engineering ; Recombinant Proteins ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; T-Phages/enzymology
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1989-05-26
    Description: Methods for the design and synthesis of ligands intended to be specific for a metal ion have been a recent chemical development. This article describes how this process can be inverted so that the specifics of the coordination environment around the metal ion can be used as a template in large-scale ligand synthesis. The synthesis of macrobicyclic ligands for ferric ion has been accomplished by using active esters of catechol ligands in which catecholate coordination to iron is a prelude to the organic chemical reactions that link the coordination subunits together into one ligand system surrounding a central metal ion coordination site. The lanthanide(III) ions, which are among the most labile metal ions known, have coordination numbers of 8 or higher, and thus their encapsulation into a macrobicyclic structure is a challenging problem. Lanthanide amine complexes have been used as metal templates in the synthesis of such macrobicyclic lanthanide complexes. There is evidence that such a complex is inert to exchange in aqueous solution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McMurry, T J -- Raymond, K N -- Smith, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 May 26;244(4907):938-43.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2658057" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cations ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Iron/metabolism ; *Ligands ; Macromolecular Substances ; Metals/*metabolism ; Metals, Rare Earth/metabolism ; Molecular Structure ; Templates, Genetic
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  • 11
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1989-02-17
    Description: Mechanistic and synthetic studies in organometallic chemistry have provided considerable insight into olefin metathesis and Ziegler-Natta polymerization. New homogeneous olefin metathesis catalysts based on high oxidation state transition metals have opened new opportunities in polymer synthesis by providing unprecedented control in ring-opening polymerization of cyclic alkenes. The recent development of living coordinative polymerization systems has led to the preparation of a number of new, interesting materials, including block copolymers, conducting polymers or precursors, and ionophoric polymeric substrates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grubbs, R H -- Tumas, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Feb 17;243(4893):907-15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2645643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *Organometallic Compounds ; *Polymers
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  • 12
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1989-07-07
    Description: Protein interiors contain many tightly packed apolar atoms in a nearly crystalline state. Both shielding of apolar atoms from solvent and efficient interior packing arrangements affect protein stability, but their relative importance is unclear. To separate these effects, the stabilities of wild-type and mutant gene V proteins from bacteriophage fl were studied by measuring resistance to denaturation. The effects of subtle interior packing changes, both separate from and combined with changes in buried side chain hydrophobicity, were measured. For the interior apolar-to-apolar substitutions studied, the two effects were of the same magnitude and alteration of packing without accompanying hydrophobicity changes substantially destabilized the protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sandberg, W S -- Terwilliger, T C -- 5732 GM07281/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM38714/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 7;245(4913):54-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, IL 60637.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2787053" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Calorimetry ; Coliphages/genetics ; Drug Stability ; Guanidine ; Guanidines ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; *Protein Conformation ; Protein Denaturation ; *Viral Proteins/genetics
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 1989-03-10
    Description: The x-ray crystal structure of recombinant human renin has been determined. Molecular dynamics techniques that included crystallographic data as a restraint were used to improve an initial model based on porcine pepsinogen. The present agreement factor for data from 8.0 to 2.5 angstroms (A) is 0.236. Some of the surface loops are poorly determined, and these disordered regions border a 30 A wide solvent channel. Comparison of renin with other aspartyl proteinases shows that, although the structural cores and active sites are highly conserved, surface residues, some of which are critical for specificity, vary greatly (up to 10A). Knowledge of the actual structure, as opposed to the use of models based on related enzymes, should facilitate the design of renin inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sielecki, A R -- Hayakawa, K -- Fujinaga, M -- Murphy, M E -- Fraser, M -- Muir, A K -- Carilli, C T -- Lewicki, J A -- Baxter, J D -- James, M N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Mar 10;243(4896):1346-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2493678" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases ; Cardiovascular Agents/pharmacology ; Endopeptidases/metabolism ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Pepsin A/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; *Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; *Renin/metabolism
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 1989-05-12
    Description: Calicheamicin gamma 1I is a recently discovered diyne-ene-containing antitumor antibiotic that cleaves DNA in a double-stranded fashion, a rarity among drugs, at specific sequences. It is proposed that the cutting specificity is due to a combination of the complementarity of the diyne-ene portion of the aglycone with DNA secondary structures and stabilization by association of the thiobenzoate-carbohydrate tail with the minor groove.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zein, N -- Poncin, M -- Nilakantan, R -- Ellestad, G A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 May 12;244(4905):697-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cyanamid Company, Medical Research Division, Lederle Laboratories, Pearl River, NY 10965.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2717946" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aminoglycosides ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*metabolism ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; Base Sequence ; Benzoates ; Binding Sites ; Carbohydrates ; Cattle ; Computer Simulation ; DNA/*metabolism ; Enediynes ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Structure ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 1989-02-17
    Description: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) encodes a protease that is essential for viral replication and is a member of the aspartic protease family. The recently determined three-dimensional structure of the related protease from Rous sarcoma virus has been used to model the smaller HIV-1 dimer. The active site has been analyzed by comparison to the structure of the aspartic protease, rhizopuspepsin, complexed with a peptide inhibitor. The HIV-1 protease is predicted to interact with seven residues of the protein substrate. This information can be used to design protease inhibitors and possible antiviral drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weber, I T -- Miller, M -- Jaskolski, M -- Leis, J -- Skalka, A M -- Wlodawer, A -- CA-06927/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA38046/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- N01-CO-74101/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Feb 17;243(4893):928-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Crystallography Laboratory, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2537531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/enzymology ; Binding Sites ; HIV-1/*enzymology ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Macromolecular Substances ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Hydrolases/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 1989-08-11
    Description: The rational design of drugs that can inhibit the action of viral proteases depends on obtaining accurate structures of these enzymes. The crystal structure of chemically synthesized HIV-1 protease has been determined at 2.8 angstrom resolution (R factor of 0.184) with the use of a model based on the Rous sarcoma virus protease structure. In this enzymatically active protein, the cysteines were replaced by alpha-amino-n-butyric acid, a nongenetically coded amino acid. This structure, in which all 99 amino acids were located, differs in several important details from that reported previously by others. The interface between the identical subunits forming the active protease dimer is composed of four well-ordered beta strands from both the amino and carboxyl termini and residues 86 to 94 have a helical conformation. The observed arrangement of the dimer interface suggests possible designs for dimerization inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wlodawer, A -- Miller, M -- Jaskolski, M -- Sathyanarayana, B K -- Baldwin, E -- Weber, I T -- Selk, L M -- Clawson, L -- Schneider, J -- Kent, S B -- N01-CO-74101/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Aug 11;245(4918):616-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Crystallography Laboratory, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2548279" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/enzymology ; Binding Sites ; Crystallization ; *Endopeptidases/chemical synthesis ; HIV Protease ; HIV-1/*enzymology ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Macromolecular Substances ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Protein Conformation ; Solutions ; X-Ray Diffraction
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1989-01-06
    Description: Knowledge of three-dimensional protein structures is one of the foundations of protein design and protein engineering. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was recently introduced as a second method for protein structure determination, in addition to the well-established diffraction techniques with protein single crystals. This new approach enables one to carry out detailed structural studies of proteins in solution and other noncrystalline states, which may be similar or identical to the physiological environment, and promises new insights into the dynamics of protein molecules and the protein-folding problem.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wuthrich, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 6;243(4887):45-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Eidgenossiche Technische Hochschule, Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2911719" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Computer Graphics ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods ; Models, Molecular ; *Protein Conformation ; *Proteins ; Software
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1989-02-03
    Description: The question of how the amino acid sequence of a protein specifies its three-dimensional structure remains to be answered. Proteins are so large and complex that it is difficult to discern the features in their sequences that contribute to their structural stability and function. One approach to this problem is de novo design of model proteins, much simpler than their natural counterparts, yet containing sufficient information in their sequences to specify a given function (for example, folding in aqueous solution, folding in membranes, or formation of ion channels). Designed proteins provide simple model systems for understanding protein structure and function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeGrado, W F -- Wasserman, Z R -- Lear, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Feb 3;243(4891):622-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Central Research and Development Department, Wilmington, DE 19898.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2464850" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Ion Channels ; Macromolecular Substances ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; *Proteins ; Solubility ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Tropomyosin ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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