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  • United States  (113)
  • Base Sequence  (62)
  • Cell Line  (46)
  • Phosphorylation
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (222)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • Bonn: Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
  • Cornell University Press
  • 1985-1989  (222)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1986  (222)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (222)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • Bonn: Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
  • Cornell University Press
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  • 1985-1989  (222)
  • 1975-1979
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1986-10-03
    Description: Transducin is a guanyl nucleotide-binding protein that couples rhodopsin photolysis to hydrolysis of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate in rod photoreceptor cells of vertebrate retinas. Several complementary DNA clones encoding transducin subunits have recently been characterized. One clone, isolated from a bovine retina complementary DNA library, encodes a previously unidentified polypeptide with an amino acid sequence 78% identical to the sequence of the alpha subunit of bovine rod outer segment transducin. Antibodies to a synthetic peptide with amino acid sequence derived specifically from this novel polypeptide recognize a 41-kilodalton polypeptide in homogenates of bovine retina. Localization of this polypeptide in bovine retina by indirect immunofluorescence demonstrates that it is expressed only in cone outer segments. Antibodies to specific sequences found only in the rod transducin alpha subunit recognize a polypeptide localized only in the rod outer segment. Therefore, bovine rod and cone cells each express structurally related yet significantly different forms of transducin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lerea, C L -- Somers, D E -- Hurley, J B -- Klock, I B -- Bunt-Milam, A H -- EYO 1311/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EYO 1730/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 3;234(4772):77-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3529395" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; DNA/genetics ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Photoreceptor Cells/*metabolism ; Transducin
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1986-11-07
    Description: Binding of antibodies to effector cells by way of receptors to their constant regions (Fc receptors) is central to the pathway that leads to clearance of antigens by the immune system. The structure and function of this important class of receptors on immune cells is addressed through the molecular characterization of Fc receptors (FcR) specific for the murine immunoglobulin G isotype. Structural diversity is encoded by two genes that by alternative splicing result in expression of molecules with highly conserved extracellular domains and different transmembrane and intracytoplasmic domains. The proteins encoded by these genes are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family, most homologous to the major histocompatibility complex molecule E beta. Functional reconstitution of ligand binding by transfection of individual FcR genes demonstrates that the requirements for ligand binding are encoded in a single gene. These studies demonstrate the molecular basis for the functional heterogeneity of FcR's, accounting for the possible transduction of different signals in response to a single ligand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ravetch, J V -- Luster, A D -- Weinshank, R -- Kochan, J -- Pavlovec, A -- Portnoy, D A -- Hulmes, J -- Pan, Y C -- Unkeless, J C -- AI 24322/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM 36306/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 7;234(4777):718-25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2946078" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/genetics ; Immunoglobulin G ; Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Macrophages/*physiology ; Membrane Proteins ; Mice ; Protein Conformation ; *Receptors, Fc/genetics ; Receptors, IgG ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-10-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shigematsu, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 10;234(4773):128.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3749896" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Japan ; *Nuclear Warfare ; *Radiation Injuries ; United States
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1986-05-02
    Description: The development of simultaneous resistance to multiple structurally unrelated drugs is a major impediment to cancer chemotherapy. Multidrug resistance in human KB carcinoma cells selected in colchicine, vinblastine, or Adriamycin is associated with amplification of specific DNA sequences (the multidrug resistance locus, mdr1). During colchicine selection resistance is initially accompanied by elevated expression of a 4.5-kilobase mdr1 messenger RNA (mRNA) without amplification of the corresponding genomic sequences. During selection for increased levels of resistance, expression of this mRNA is increased simultaneously with amplification of mdr1 DNA. Increased expression and amplification of mdr1 sequences were also found in multidrug-resistant sublines of human leukemia and ovarian carcinoma cells. These results suggest that increased expression of mdr1 mRNA is a common mechanism for multidrug resistance in human cells. Activation of the mdr1 gene by mutations or epigenetic changes may precede its amplification during the development of resistance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shen, D W -- Fojo, A -- Chin, J E -- Roninson, I B -- Richert, N -- Pastan, I -- Gottesman, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 2;232(4750):643-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3457471" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Colchicine/pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Doxorubicin/pharmacology ; *Drug Resistance ; Female ; *Gene Amplification ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Vinblastine/pharmacology
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 21;231(4744):1364-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3952488" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*economics ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
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  • 6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 21;231(4744):1364.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3952487" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Legislation, Medical ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-02-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 21;231(4740):785-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3945809" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Legislation as Topic ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; United States
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-01-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 3;231(4733):11-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3001932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Deltaretrovirus/*isolation & purification ; France ; HIV Antibodies ; Humans ; Patents as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-06-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenzweig, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 20;232(4757):1508-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3715459" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Government Agencies ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; Universities/*economics
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-09-26
    Description: Some Cnemidophorus exsanguis have mitochondrial DNA's (mtDNA's) that are 22.2 kilobases (kb) in size, whereas most have mtDNA's of 17.4 kb. Restriction site mapping, DNA transfer hybridization experiments, and electron microscopy show that the size increment stems from the tandem duplication of a 4.8-kb region that includes regulatory sequences and transfer and ribosomal RNA genes. This observation is notable in that sequences outside of the control region are involved in major length variation. Besides revealing a novel form of mtDNA evolution in animals, these duplications provide a useful system for investigating the molecular and evolutionary biology of animal mtDNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moritz, C -- Brown, W M -- GM30144/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 26;233(4771):1425-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3018925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; Lizards ; Microscopy, Electron ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 1986-08-22
    Description: Continuous measurement and imaging of the intracellular free calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) of mitotic and interphase PtK1 cells was accomplished with the new fluorescent Ca2+ indicator fura-2. No statistically significant difference between basal [Ca2+]i of interphase and mitotic cells was detected. However, mitotic cells showed a rapid elevation of [Ca2+]i from basal levels of 130 nM to 500 to 800 nM at the metaphase-anaphase transition. The [Ca2+]i transient was brief, lasting approximately 20 seconds and the elevated [Ca2+]i appeared uniformly distributed over the entire spindle and central region of the cell. The close temporal association of the [Ca2+]i transient with the onset of anaphase suggests that calcium may have a signaling role in this event.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Poenie, M -- Alderton, J -- Steinhardt, R -- Tsien, R -- EY04372/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- GM31004/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 22;233(4766):886-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3755550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Anaphase ; Animals ; Benzofurans ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Fura-2 ; Mitosis
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 1986-03-28
    Description: The genome of the human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III/LAV) has the potential to encode at least three polypeptides in addition to those encoded by the gag, pol, and env genes. In this study, the product of the sor (short open reading frame) region, which overlaps the 3' end of the pol gene, was found to be a protein with a molecular weight of 23,000. An assay was developed for testing the ability of cloned HTLV-III proviruses to produce viruses cytopathic for T4+ lymphocytes. In the cell line used, C8166, neither the HTLV-III sor gene product nor the complete 3'-orf gene product were necessary for the replication or cytopathic effects of the HTLV-III.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sodroski, J -- Goh, W C -- Rosen, C -- Tartar, A -- Portetelle, D -- Burny, A -- Haseltine, W -- CA07580/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA40658/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 28;231(4745):1549-53.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3006244" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics/pathogenicity ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Retroviridae Proteins/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology ; *Virus Replication
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 1986-04-04
    Description: Experiments were conducted to isolate and characterize the gene and gene product of a human hematopoietic colony-stimulating factor with pluripotent biological activities. This factor has the ability to induce differentiation of a murine myelomonocytic leukemia cell line WEHI-3B(D+) and cells from patients with newly diagnosed acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). A complementary DNA copy of the gene encoding a pluripotent human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (hG-CSF) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant form of hG-CSF is capable of supporting neutrophil proliferation in a CFU-GM assay. In addition, recombinant hG-CSF can support early erythroid colonies and mixed colony formation. Competitive binding studies done with 125I-labeled hG-CSF and cell samples from two patients with newly diagnosed human leukemias as well as WEHI-3B(D+) cells showed that one of the human leukemias (ANLL, classified as M4) and the WEHI-3B(D+) cells have receptors for hG-CSF. Furthermore, the murine WEHI-3B(D+) cells and human leukemic cells classified as M2, M3, and M4 were induced by recombinant hG-CSF to undergo terminal differentiation to macrophages and granulocytes. The secreted form of the protein produced by the bladder carcinoma cell line 5637 was found to be O-glycosylated and to have a molecular weight of 19,600.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Souza, L M -- Boone, T C -- Gabrilove, J -- Lai, P H -- Zsebo, K M -- Murdock, D C -- Chazin, V R -- Bruszewski, J -- Lu, H -- Chen, K K -- CA00966/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA20194/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA32516/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 4;232(4746):61-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2420009" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/genetics/*pharmacology ; DNA/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Genes ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Granulocytes/*physiology ; Humans ; Leukemia/*pathology ; Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology ; Mice ; Plasmids ; Recombinant Proteins/*pharmacology
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  • 14
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-11-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 7;234(4777):661-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3775357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Humans ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 1986-02-07
    Description: Comparison of HTLV-III, the putative AIDS virus, with other related viruses, may help to reveal more about the origin of AIDS in humans. In this study, the nucleotide sequence of the gag and pol genes of an equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) proviral DNA clone was determined. The sequence was compared with that of HTLV-III and of visna, a pathogenic lentivirus of sheep. The results show that these viruses constitute a family clearly distinct from that of the type C viruses or the BLV-HTLV-I and -II group. Within the family, EIAV, HTLV-III, and visna appear to be equally divergent from a common evolutionary ancestor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stephens, R M -- Casey, J W -- Rice, N R -- N0I-C-23909/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 7;231(4738):589-94.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3003905" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Codon ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; *Genes, Viral ; Horses ; Humans ; Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine/*genetics ; Mice ; Visna-maedi virus/*genetics
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 1986-10-24
    Description: The protein product of oncogene c-myc is believed to be important in regulation of the cell cycle. However, its direct role in DNA synthesis has not been explored. Experiments presented here show that the addition of affinity-purified antibodies against the human c-myc protein to nuclei isolated from several types of human cells reversibly inhibited DNA synthesis and DNA polymerase activity of these nuclei. This suggests that c-myc encodes a protein that is functionally involved in DNA synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Studzinski, G P -- Brelvi, Z S -- Feldman, S C -- Watt, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 24;234(4775):467-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3532322" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/physiology ; Cell-Free System ; DNA/biosynthesis ; *DNA Replication ; Humans ; Immunologic Techniques ; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*physiology ; *Proto-Oncogenes
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  • 17
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-07-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 25;233(4762):415.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3487830" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; *Compensation and Redress ; Diphtheria Toxoid/adverse effects ; Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine ; Drug Combinations/adverse effects ; Federal Government ; Humans ; *Legislation, Medical ; Pertussis Vaccine/adverse effects ; Tetanus Toxoid/adverse effects ; United States ; Vaccines/*adverse effects
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 1986-05-09
    Description: The human N-myc gene is related to the c-myc proto-oncogene, and has been shown to have transforming potential in vitro. Many studies have reported amplification of N-myc in human neuroblastoma and retinoblastoma cell lines. In primary tumors, amplification of the gene was found to correlate directly with behavior of the tumor. Specific restriction fragments of a partial complementary DNA clone of N-myc from LA-N-5 human neuroblastoma cells were placed into a bacterial expression vector for the purpose of producing antigens representative of the N-myc protein. Rabbits immunized with these antigens produced antisera that recognized a protein of 62-64 kilodaltons in neuroblastoma cells. By several criteria, this protein appears to be part of the same proto-oncogene family as the c-myc protein. Moreover, the antisera to fragments of this protein were capable of histochemically identifying malignant cells in clinical specimens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slamon, D J -- Boone, T C -- Seeger, R C -- Keith, D E -- Chazin, V -- Lee, H C -- Souza, L M -- CA 16042/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 36827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 9;232(4751):768-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3008339" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Small Cell/metabolism ; Immune Sera/immunology ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms/metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics/*isolation & purification/physiology ; Neuroblastoma/metabolism ; *Oncogenes ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/*isolation & purification/physiology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; Proto-Oncogenes ; Rabbits/immunology
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-07-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 4;233(4759):22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3715472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Legislation, Pharmacy ; United States
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  • 20
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-01-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Soloway, A H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 31;231(4737):442.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941905" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Child ; Drug Therapy/*standards ; *Government Agencies ; Humans ; *Patient Participation ; Social Responsibility ; United States
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 1986-08-29
    Description: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous human herpesvirus, has the ability to transform human B lymphocytes. No other cell type has been experimentally transformed by EBV, either by intact virions or naked viral DNA and subgenomic fragments. Two immortalized human T-lymphoblastoid cell lines have now been established by transfecting cord blood lymphocytes with purified B95-8 viral DNA enclosed in fusogenic Sendai virus envelopes (RSVE) and then exposing the cells to EBV from a P3HR-1 cell subclone. One of these lines, which has been fully characterized, is termed HBD-1. This line is positive for EBV DNA and expresses surface OKT11, OKT4, and Tac receptors, but not M-1, mu immunoglobulin chains, EBV receptors, or B-1 surface markers. The cells contain fully rearranged T-cell receptor genes and germline immunoglobulin genes. The karyotype of the cells is normal, they do not require interleukin-2 for growth, and do not contain human T-lymphotropic virus type I. However, the HBD-1 cells contain incomplete EBV genomes and express several EBV-determined antigens, including the early antigen type D, membrane antigens, but not EBV-determined nuclear antigen (EBNA). This association of the EBV genome with permanently growing hematopoietic cells of non B-cell lineage should prove useful in studies on the mechanism of EBV-mediated cell transformation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stevenson, M -- Volsky, B -- Hedenskog, M -- Volsky, D J -- CA33386/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA37465/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 29;233(4767):980-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3016899" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; Deltaretrovirus/genetics ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/*genetics ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; T-Lymphocytes/*microbiology/physiology ; *Transfection
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 1986-12-12
    Description: When isolated adult oligodendrocytes adhere to a substratum myelinogenesis occurs. Investigation of the mechanism by which this happens indicated that the oligodendrocyte-substratum interaction activated protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation of myelin basic protein and promoted the synthesis of myelin basic protein. In addition, when agents that activate protein kinase C (second messenger diacylglycerol or a tumor-promoting phorbol ester) were added to nonattached oligodendrocytes, they mimicked the influence of the substratum by inducing phosphorylation of myelin basic protein; and reagents that increase cellular adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) inhibited phosphorylation of myelin basic protein. Thus, at least in vitro, the interaction between oligodendrocytes and the substratum may mediate myelinogenic events, and phosphorylation of myelin basic protein may be an early requirement in the sequence of steps that ultimately results in myelin formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vartanian, T -- Szuchet, S -- Dawson, G -- Campagnoni, A T -- GM-07183/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD-04583/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-06426/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1395-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2431483" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine/pharmacology ; Adult ; Calcimycin/pharmacology ; Cell Adhesion ; Colforsin/pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; Myelin Basic Protein/*metabolism ; Neuroglia/*cytology ; Oligodendroglia/*cytology ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase C/*metabolism ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 1986-08-01
    Description: In Trypanosomatidae the messenger RNA's (mRNA's) that code for the variant surface glycoproteins (VSG's), tubulins, calmodulin, and at least a subset of other proteins contain a common 35-nucleotide leader sequence at their 5' ends. Hybrid-arrested in vitro translation has been used to show that all mRNA's in both African and South American trypanosomes contain this 35-nucleotide sequence. Oligonucleotides complementary to this sequence blocked translation of all trypanosome mRNA's in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system, but did not inhibit translation of mRNA's from other organisms lacking this sequence. An oligonucleotide complementary to the VSG mRNA downstream from the spliced leader sequence arrested only VSG synthesis. Thus, the 35-nucleotide leader sequence is a general feature of all trypanosome mRNA's. The high specificity of oligonucleotides complementary to the spliced leader for their target sequence suggests that analogues permeable to the cell membrane may be useful in the treatment of trypanosomal infections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walder, J A -- Eder, P S -- Engman, D M -- Brentano, S T -- Walder, R Y -- Knutzon, D S -- Dorfman, D M -- Donelson, J E -- AI-18954/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AM-25295/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HL-33555/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 1;233(4763):569-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3523758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein Sorting Signals/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Trypanosoma/*genetics ; Trypanosoma brucei brucei/genetics ; Trypanosoma cruzi/genetics
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  • 24
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-10-31
    Description: From the postwar high of 3.8 births per woman at the peak of the baby boom, the total fertility rate in the United States has fallen to 1.8, where it has remained unchanged for nearly a decade. This below-replacement level of fertility has, in recent decades, characterized most Western countries, some of which have shown declines to well below 1.5 births per woman. Were it not for the continued infusion of immigrants, the U.S. population, which already shows the aging characteristic of low fertility, would stop growing and begin to decline before the middle of the next century. The low fertility in the United States has been accomplished by a postponement of marriage and by the widespread use of contraception, with heavy reliance on surgical sterilization as a contraceptive method. Judging from the experience of other Western countries and from our own historical experience of two centuries of fertility decline interrupted only by the baby boom, as well as from the absence of social trends that would counteract those contributing to that decline, the prognosis is for a continued low level of fertility in the United States.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Westoff, C F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 31;234(4776):554-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3532324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; *Birth Rate ; Contraception/history ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Fertility ; Forecasting ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy in Adolescence ; United States
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 1986-11-21
    Description: The human T-lymphotropic retrovirus HTLV-III/LAV encodes a trans-activator that increases viral gene expression. We expressed this trans-activator in animal cells and studied its structural and functional characteristics. The putative trans-activator protein was immunoprecipitated from overproducing stable cell lines and shown to migrate as a 14-kilodalton polypeptide on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. S1 nuclease mapping experiments showed that the trans-activator increases the levels of steady-state messenger RNA transcribed from the viral long terminal repeat promoter. Sequences within the R region of the HTLV-III/LAV long terminal repeat are essential for trans-activation. Quantitations of messenger RNA and protein showed that the protein increase was greater than the messenger RNA increase in CV1 and HeLa cells, indicating that more than one mechanism was responsible for the trans-activation and that cell type-specific factors may determine the final level of trans-activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wright, C M -- Felber, B K -- Paskalis, H -- Pavlakis, G N -- N01-CO-23909/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 21;234(4779):988-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3490693" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Gene Products, rev ; HIV/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Retroviridae Proteins/*metabolism ; Transfection ; Viral Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Virus Activation ; rev Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 1986-06-06
    Description: The Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbit, an animal with familial hypercholesterolemia, produces a mutant receptor for plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) that is not transported to the cell surface at a normal rate. Cloning and sequencing of complementary DNA's from normal and WHHL rabbits, shows that this defect arises from an in-frame deletion of 12 nucleotides that eliminates four amino acids from the cysteine-rich ligand binding domain of the LDL receptor. A similar mutation, detected by S1 nuclease mapping of LDL receptor messenger RNA, occurred in a patient with familial hypercholesterolemia whose receptor also fails to be transported to the cell surface. These findings suggest that animal cells may have fail-safe mechanisms that prevent the surface expression of improperly folded proteins with unpaired or improperly bonded cysteine residues.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4451858/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4451858/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamamoto, T -- Bishop, R W -- Brown, M S -- Goldstein, J L -- Russell, D W -- HL 01287/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 20948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 31346/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL020948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 6;232(4755):1230-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3010466" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Transport ; *Chromosome Deletion ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cysteine/genetics ; Dna ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Genes ; Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/*genetics ; Mutation ; RNA, Messenger ; Rabbits ; Receptors, LDL/*genetics
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 1986-05-09
    Description: Antigenic or mitogenic stimulation of T cells induces the secretion of an array of protein hormones that regulate immune responses. Molecular cloning has contributed strongly to our present understanding of the nature of this regulation. A complementary DNA (cDNA) library prepared from a cloned concanavalin A-activated mouse T-helper cell line was screened for abundant and induction-specific cDNA's. One such randomly chosen cDNA was found to encode mouse preproenkephalin messenger RNA (mRNA). Preproenkephalin mRNA represented about 0.4 percent of the mRNA in the activated cell line but was absent in resting cells of this line. Other induced T-helper cell lines have 0.1 to 0.5 percent of their mRNA as preproenkephalin mRNA. Induced T-helper cell culture supernatants have [Met]enkephalin-immunoreactive material. The production by activated T cells of a peptide neurotransmitter identifies a signal that can potentially permit T cells to modulate the nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zurawski, G -- Benedik, M -- Kamb, B J -- Abrams, J S -- Zurawski, S M -- Lee, F D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 9;232(4751):772-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2938259" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Enkephalins/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Humans ; *Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Protein Precursors/*biosynthesis/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*biosynthesis ; Rats ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/drug effects/metabolism/*physiology
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  • 28
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-09-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 26;233(4771):1382.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3529390" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*drug therapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Thymidine/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use ; United States ; Zidovudine
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 1986-01-17
    Description: T lymphocytes recognize foreign antigen together with allele-specific determinants on membrane-bound class I and class II (Ia) gene products of the major histocompatibility complex. To identify amino acids of class II molecules critical to this recognition process, the genes encoding the beta chains of the I-Ak molecule were cloned from a wild-type B-cell hybridoma and from an immunoselected variant subline showing distinct serological and T-cell stimulatory properties. Nucleotide sequencing and DNA-mediated gene transfer established that a single base transition (G----A) encoding a change from glutamic acid to lysine at position 67 in the I-Ak beta molecule accounted for all the observed phenotypic changes of the variant cells. These results confirm the importance of residues 62 to 78 in the amino terminal domain of I-A beta for class II-restricted T-cell recognition of antigen and demonstrate the ability of a single substitution in this region to alter this recognition event.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, M A -- Glimcher, L A -- Nielsen, E A -- Paul, W E -- Germain, R N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 17;231(4735):255-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3484558" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/*immunology ; Humans ; Hybridomas/immunology ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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  • 30
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-09-12
    Description: The SNF1 gene plays a central role in carbon catabolite repression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, namely that SNF1 function is required for expression of glucose-repressible genes. The nucleotide sequence of the cloned SNF1 gene was determined, and the predicted amino acid sequence shows that SNF1 encodes a 72,040-dalton polypeptide that has significant homology to the conserved catalytic domain of mammalian protein kinases. Specific antisera were prepared and used to identify the SNF1 protein. The protein was shown to transfer phosphate from adenosine triphosphate to serine and threonine residues in an in vitro autophosphorylation reaction. These findings indicate that SNF1 encodes a protein kinase and suggest that protein phosphorylation plays a critical role in regulation by carbon catabolite repression in eukaryotic cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Celenza, J L -- Carlson, M -- GM34095/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 12;233(4769):1175-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3526554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Enzyme Repression ; Genes ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology/*genetics
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 1986-04-25
    Description: Nerve growth factor (NGF) and its receptor are important in the development of cells derived from the neural crest. Mouse L cell transformants have been generated that stably express the human NGF receptor gene transfer with total human DNA. Affinity cross-linking, metabolic labeling and immunoprecipitation, and equilibrium binding with 125I-labeled NGF revealed that this NGF receptor had the same size and binding characteristics as the receptor from human melanoma cells and rat PC12 cells. The sequences encoding the NGF receptor were molecularly cloned using the human Alu repetitive sequence as a probe. A cosmid clone that contained the human NGF receptor gene allowed efficient transfection and expression of the receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chao, M V -- Bothwell, M A -- Ross, A H -- Koprowski, H -- Lanahan, A A -- Buck, C R -- Sehgal, A -- NS-17551/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-23343-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS21072/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):518-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3008331" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Recombinant ; Genes ; Humans ; Melanoma/metabolism ; Mice ; Oncogenes ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics ; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Tunicamycin/pharmacology
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  • 32
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-11-21
    Description: Salmonellosis poses a health problem of large proportions in the United States. Annually, it accounts for more than 40,000 reported cases, 500 deaths, and financial costs well in excess of $50 million. Antimicrobial resistance is increasing in Salmonella strains, a finding that has important public health implications. Although the chain of transmission of the bacteria is often complex, combined epidemiologic and laboratory studies with the use of new methods in molecular biology make it possible to trace antimicrobial-resistant salmonellae to their primary source--foods of animal origin. These studies suggest that the antimicrobial drugs to which food animals are exposed provide selective pressure that leads to the appearance and persistence of resistant strains.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, M L -- Tauxe, R V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 21;234(4779):964-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3535069" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Chloramphenicol/pharmacology ; Disease Outbreaks/*epidemiology ; *Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Gastroenteritis/etiology ; Humans ; Meningitis/drug therapy ; Salmonella/*drug effects ; Salmonella Food Poisoning ; Salmonella Infections/epidemiology ; Salmonella Infections, Animal/transmission ; Sepsis/drug therapy ; United States
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  • 33
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-11-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 28;234(4780):1069.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3535072" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Publishing ; *Retraction of Publication as Topic ; United States
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  • 34
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-12-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 19;234(4783):1494.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3787258" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Financial Management/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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  • 35
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-05-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 2;232(4750):564-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3961496" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic/*economics ; United States
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  • 36
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-06-06
    Description: A glutamine synthetase gene from alfalfa (Medicago sativa) has been expressed in Escherichia coli after fusion of bacterial transcription and translation signals to a complete alfalfa glutamine synthetase coding sequence. Synthesis of the alfalfa glutamine synthetase enzyme in Escherichia coli was demonstrated by functional genetic complementation of a glutamine synthetase-deficient mutant and by immunoblotting analysis. These results should facilitate protein engineering and structure-function analysis of the plant enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DasSarma, S -- Tischer, E -- Goodman, H M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 6;232(4755):1242-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2871626" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Escherichia coli/*genetics ; Genes ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase/*genetics ; Medicago sativa/*genetics ; Molecular Weight ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 1986-03-14
    Description: Approximately 80 percent of all human sera that react with antigens of HTLV-III, the etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), recognize protein bands at 66 and 51 kilodaltons. A mouse hybridoma was produced that was specific to these proteins. Repeated cloning of the hybridoma did not separate the two reactivities. The p66/p51 was purified from HTLV-III lysates by immunoaffinity chromatography and subjected to NH2-terminal Edman degradation. Single amino acid residues were obtained in 17 successive degradation cycles. The sequence determined was a perfect translation of the nucleotide sequence of a portion of the HTLV-III pol gene. The purified p66/51 had reverse transcriptase activity and the monoclonal immunoglobulin G specifically removed the enzyme activity from crude viral extract as well as purified enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉di Marzo Veronese, F -- Copeland, T D -- DeVico, A L -- Rahman, R -- Oroszlan, S -- Gallo, R C -- Sarngadharan, M G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 14;231(4743):1289-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2418504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Viral/genetics/immunology/isolation & purification ; Base Sequence ; Chromatography, Affinity ; Deltaretrovirus/*enzymology/genetics/immunology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Hybridomas/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/genetics/*immunology/isolation & purification
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 1986-05-16
    Description: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a replication-defective etiological agent of hepatitis that requires hepatitis B virus (HBV) as a helper. A complementary DNA (cDNA) fragment of the RNA genome of HDV was cloned into the plasmid vector pBR322, and the primary nucleotide sequence and predicted protein products of the cDNA fragment were determined. This cloned cDNA fragment has been used as a sensitive radioactive probe for the detection of HDV RNA in the serum of patients with either acute or chronic HDV infections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Denniston, K J -- Hoyer, B H -- Smedile, A -- Wells, F V -- Nelson, J -- Gerin, J L -- N01-AI-22665/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 16;232(4752):873-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3704630" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Hepatitis D/*diagnosis/microbiology ; Hepatitis Delta Virus/*genetics ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Pan troglodytes ; RNA, Viral/*genetics
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 1986-06-20
    Description: The hormone 17 beta-estradiol acts through its receptor system to induce MCF-7 human breast cancer cells to form tumors in athymic mice. In vitro studies have identified the production of estrogen-induced growth factors from MCF-7 cells that may have a role in growth control. These induced growth factors were sufficient to stimulate MCF-7 tumor growth in ovariectomized athymic mice, thus partially replacing estradiol. Growth factors may act as estrogen-induced "second messengers" in estrogen-responsive growth of human breast cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickson, R B -- McManaway, M E -- Lippman, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 20;232(4757):1540-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3715461" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/*pathology ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Culture Media ; Estradiol/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Ovariectomy ; Receptors, Estradiol/*physiology ; Receptors, Estrogen/*physiology ; Transplantation, Heterologous
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 1986-06-20
    Description: In many viral infections the host cell carries the viral genome without producing viral particles, a phenomenon known as viral latency. The cellular mechanisms by which viral latency is maintained or viral replication is induced are not known. The modulation of intracellular calcium concentrations by calcium ionophores induced Epstein-Barr viral antigens in lymphoblastoid cell lines that carry the virus. When calcium ionophores were used in conjunction with direct activators of protein kinase C (12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate and a synthetic diacylglycerol), a greater induction of viral antigens was observed than with either agent alone. Activation of protein kinase C may be required for the expression of the viral genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Faggioni, A -- Zompetta, C -- Grimaldi, S -- Barile, G -- Frati, L -- Lazdins, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 20;232(4757):1554-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3012779" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminoquinolines ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; Calcimycin/pharmacology ; Calcium/*pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Viral/*drug effects ; Culture Media ; Ethers/pharmacology ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Genes, Viral/*drug effects ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/drug effects/*genetics ; Humans ; Ionomycin ; Kinetics ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
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  • 41
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-08-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 15;233(4765):704-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3461560" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Genetic Engineering ; Government Agencies ; Pseudorabies/prevention & control ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/prevention & control ; United States ; Viral Vaccines
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 1986-02-07
    Description: When the human T-cell line A3.01 is infected with HTLV-III/LAV, the virus associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), most of the cells are killed. However, a small number of cells that lack the Leu-3 surface marker survive. Under normal conditions these surviving cells do not produce virus, nor can they be infected by the virus, but they can be induced to produce virus by treatment with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. This response can be induced for as long as 3 months after the initial infection, suggesting that the cells may harbor a latent form of HTLV-III/LAV.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Folks, T -- Powell, D M -- Lightfoote, M M -- Benn, S -- Martin, M A -- Fauci, A S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 7;231(4738):600-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3003906" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/genetics/microbiology ; Cell Line ; Deltaretrovirus/*growth & development ; Humans ; Idoxuridine/pharmacology ; Models, Genetic ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/*microbiology ; Time Factors ; *Virus Activation/drug effects
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 1986-05-16
    Description: A specific DNA probe was used to study the effect of recombinant rat, mouse, and human gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) on the course of sporozoite-induced malaria infections. In mice and rats infected with sporozoites of Plasmodium berghei, mouse and rat gamma-IFN's strongly inhibited the development of the exoerythrocytic forms in the liver liver cells of the hosts, but not the development of the erythrocytic stages. The degree of inhibition of the exoerythrocytic forms was proportional to the dose of gamma-IFN administered, but was independent of the number of sporozoites used for challenge. A 30 percent reduction in the development of exoerythrocytic forms in rat liver was achieved when 150 units (about 15 nanograms of protein) of rat gamma-IFN were injected a few hours before sporozoite challenge; the reduction was 90 percent or more with higher doses of gamma-IFN. The effect was less pronounced if the gamma-IFN was administered 18 hours before or a few hours after challenge. Human gamma-IFN also diminished the parasitemia in chimpanzees infected with sporozoites of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax. The target of gamma-IFN activity may be the infected hepatocytes themselves, as shown by in vitro experiments in which small doses of the human lymphokine inhibited the development of exoerythrocytic forms of Plasmodium berghei in a human hepatoma cell line. These results suggest that immunologically induced interferon may be involved in controlling malaria infection under natural conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ferreira, A -- Schofield, L -- Enea, V -- Schellekens, H -- van der Meide, P -- Collins, W E -- Nussenzweig, R S -- Nussenzweig, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 16;232(4752):881-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3085218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Liver/cytology ; Malaria/*drug therapy ; Mice ; Pan troglodytes ; Plasmodium berghei/drug effects ; Plasmodium vivax/drug effects ; Toxoplasma/drug effects
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 1986-01-24
    Description: Steady-state cellular levels of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG), and inositol phosphates have been measured in two different fibroblast cell lines (NIH 3T3 and NRK cells) before and after transformation with three different ras genes. At high cell density the ratio of DAG to PIP2 was 2.5- to 3-fold higher in the ras-transformed cells than in their untransformed counterparts. The sum of the water-soluble breakdown products of the polyphosphoinositides, inositol-1,4-bisphosphate and inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate, was also elevated in ras-transformed NRK cells compared with nontransformed NRK cells. These findings suggest that the ras (p21) protein may act by affecting these levels, possibly as a regulatory element in the PIP2 breakdown pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fleischman, L F -- Chahwala, S B -- Cantley, L -- GM 36133/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 24;231(4736):407-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3001936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*analysis ; Diglycerides/analysis ; Humans ; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate ; Inositol Phosphates/analysis ; *Oncogenes ; Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate ; Phosphatidylinositols/*analysis ; Rats
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 1986-12-05
    Description: Clonal cell lines derived from specific types of central neurons can be used to identify and characterize properties specific to those neurons. With somatic cell fusion techniques, nine clonal hybrid cell lines have been developed from the septal region of the mouse basal forebrain. Two lines express characteristics typical of cholinergic neurons--choline acetyltransferase activity and immunoreactivity, neurite formation with neurofilament protein immunoreactivity, and aggregation in rotation-mediated cell culture. These cell lines may be useful for studying the trophic interactions that support the development and maintenance of central cholinergic connections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hammond, D N -- Wainer, B H -- Tonsgard, J H -- Heller, A -- HD04583/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS07195/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS17661/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 5;234(4781):1237-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3775382" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/cytology ; Cell Line ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase/metabolism ; Cholinergic Fibers/*physiology ; Clone Cells ; Hybrid Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neuroblastoma/metabolism ; Neurons/*physiology
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  • 46
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-05-16
    Description: A new serine protease was encoded by a clone isolated from a murine cytotoxic T-lymphocyte complementary DNA library by an RNA-hybridization competition protocol. Complementary transcripts were detected in cytotoxic T lymphocytes, spleen cells from nude mice, a rat natural killer cell leukemia, and in two of eight T-helper clones (both cytotoxic), but not in normal mouse kidney, liver, spleen, or thymus, nor in several tested T- and B-cell tumors. T-cell activation with concanavalin A plus interleukin-2 induced spleen cells to express this gene with kinetics correlating with the acquisition of cytolytic capacity. The nucleotide sequence of this gene encoded an amino acid sequence of approximately 25,700 daltons, with 25 to 35 percent identity to members of the serine protease family. The active site "charge-relay" residues (His57, Asp102, and Ser195 of the chymotrypsin numbering system) are conserved, as well as the trypsin-specific Asp (position 189 in trypsin). A Southern blot analysis indicated that this gene is conserved in humans, mouse, and chicken. This serine protease may have a role in lymphocyte lysis and a "lytic cascade."〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gershenfeld, H K -- Weissman, I L -- AI 19512/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA09032/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 16;232(4752):854-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2422755" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Concanavalin A/pharmacology ; DNA/genetics ; Endopeptidases/*genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred CBA ; Mice, Nude ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA/genetics ; Serine Endopeptidases ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/drug effects/*metabolism
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 1986-04-25
    Description: Monocytes are a subpopulation of peripheral blood leukocytes, which when appropriately activated by the regulatory hormones of the immune system, are capable of becoming macrophages--potent effector cells for immune response to tumors and parasites. A complementary DNA for the T lymphocyte-derived lymphokine, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), has been cloned, and recombinant GM-CSF protein has been expressed in yeast and purified to homogeneity. This purified human recombinant GM-CSF stimulated peripheral blood monocytes in vitro to become cytotoxic for the malignant melanoma cell line A375. Another T cell-derived lymphokine, gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma), also stimulated peripheral blood monocytes to become tumoricidal against this malignant cell line. When IFN-gamma activates monocytes to become tumoricidal, additional stimulation by exogenously added lipopolysaccharide is required. No such exogenous signals were required for the activation of monocytes by GM-CSF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grabstein, K H -- Urdal, D L -- Tushinski, R J -- Mochizuki, D Y -- Price, V L -- Cantrell, M A -- Gillis, S -- Conlon, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):506-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3083507" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/biosynthesis/*pharmacology ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/*drug effects ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis/pharmacology ; Macrophages/*drug effects ; Melanoma/immunology ; Monocytes/drug effects ; Neoplasms/*immunology ; Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis/pharmacology
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  • 48
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-12-12
    Description: Transformation of C3H10T1/2 cells by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation followed by tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA) has been used as a model of two-stage carcinogenesis. However, cells cloned from UV-TPA-induced foci (UV-TDTx cells) had a unique phenotype. Cloned UV-TDTx cells appeared transformed in pure culture but were unable to form foci when cocultured with C3H10T1/2 cells. However, in the presence of TPA, UV-TDTx cells form foci in mixed culture with C3H10T1/2 cells. This phenotype was the only one observed for UV-TPA transformants. These data suggest that communal suppression of cell division is a discrete phenomenon that must be overcome as one step in the multistage process of transformation, and this protocol permits the routine isolation of transformed cells responsive to density-dependent growth suppression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herschman, H R -- Brankow, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1385-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3787250" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects/radiation effects ; Clone Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Phenotype ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; *Ultraviolet Rays
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  • 49
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-12-19
    Description: Thyroid hormones stimulate the rate of cell division by poorly understood mechanisms. The possibility that thyroid hormones increase cell growth by stimulating secretion of a growth factor was investigated. Thyroid hormones are nearly an absolute requirement for the division of GH4C1 rat pituitary tumor cells plated at low density. Conditioned media from cells grown with or without L-triiodothyronine (T3) were treated with an ion exchange resin to remove T3 and were tested for ability to stimulate the division of GH4C1 cells. Conditioned medium from T3-treated cells was as active as thyroid hormone at promoting GH4C1 cell growth but did not elicit other thyroid hormone responses, induction of growth hormone, and down-regulation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptors, as effectively as T3 did. A substance or substances associated with T3-induced growth stimulatory activity migrated at high molecular weight at neutral pH and was different from known growth-promoting hormones induced by T3. The results demonstrate that thyroid hormones stimulate the division of GH4C1 pituitary cells by stimulating the secretion of an autocrine growth factor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hinkle, P M -- Kinsella, P A -- AM 32847/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM/NS 00827/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA 11198/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 19;234(4783):1549-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3097825" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Growth Hormone/metabolism ; Growth Substances/*secretion ; Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism ; Pituitary Neoplasms/*metabolism/pathology ; Rats ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/metabolism ; Triiodothyronine/*pharmacology
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  • 50
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-12-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 19;234(4783):1488-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2878494" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antipsychotic Agents/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; *Biomedical Research ; *Crime ; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced ; Federal Government ; *Fraud ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability/*psychology ; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.) ; *Research ; Risk Assessment ; United States
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  • 51
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-10-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 3;234(4772):20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3755844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Computers/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Equipment and Supplies ; Humans ; Software/*legislation & jurisprudence ; United States ; *United States Food and Drug Administration
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  • 52
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-09-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 26;233(4771):1377-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3749882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; *Adolescent Behavior ; Adult ; *Crime ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; United States
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  • 53
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 19;233(4770):1249-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3749875" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; *Mmpi ; Male ; United States
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 1986-02-14
    Description: The yeast GAL4 protein (881 amino acids) binds to specific DNA sites upstream of target genes and activates transcription. Derivatives of this protein bearing as few as 74 amino terminal residues bind to these sites but fail to activate transcription. When appropriately positioned in front of a gene these derivatives act as repressors. These and related findings support the idea that GAL4 activates transcription by touching other DNA-bound proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Keegan, L -- Gill, G -- Ptashne, M -- GM07598/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM32308/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 14;231(4739):699-704.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3080805" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Fungal/genetics/metabolism ; DNA, Recombinant ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Fungal Proteins/genetics ; Galactose ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Repressor Proteins/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic ; beta-Galactosidase/genetics
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  • 55
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-05-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 2;232(4750):569-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3961497" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Family ; Female ; *Homeless Persons/psychology ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; Mothers ; United States
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  • 56
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-06-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 27;232(4758):1595-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3715464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Congenital Abnormalities/*therapy ; Ethics, Medical ; Humans ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 1986-06-13
    Description: Members of the ras gene family encode proteins that when overproduced or mutated can transform immortalized mammalian cells. It is therefore important to understand the mechanisms by which the ras genes are regulated. The promoter region of the human Harvey ras proto-oncogene c-Ha-ras1 initiates RNA transcription at multiple sites and contains repeated copies of the hexanucleotide GGGCGG and its inverted complement CCGCCC, referred to as GC boxes. These GC boxes consist of sequences identical to those found in the SV40 early promoter, where the human cellular transcriptional factor Sp1 binds. Footprinting analysis with deoxyribonuclease I was used to show that Sp1 binds to six GC box sequences within the c-Ha-ras1 promoter. An in vivo transfection assay showed competition between the 21-base pair repeats of the SV40 promoter and the c-Ha-ras1 promoter for common regulatory factors. In this system the presence of Sp1 is apparently required for c-Ha-ras1 transcription. Analysis of deletions of the c-Ha-ras1 promoter region by means of a transient expression assay revealed that the three Sp1 binding sites closest to the RNA start sites were sufficient for full transcriptional activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ishii, S -- Kadonaga, J T -- Tjian, R -- Brady, J N -- Merlino, G T -- Pastan, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 13;232(4756):1410-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3012774" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Binding, Competitive ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; Simian virus 40/genetics ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/metabolism
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 1986-11-07
    Description: Lipopolysaccharide, a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, activates B lymphocytes and macrophages. Pertussis toxin, which inactivates several members of the G protein family of signaling components, including Gi and transducin, was found to inhibit the lipopolysaccharide-induced responses of the WEHI-231 B lymphoma cell line and the P388D1 macrophage cell line. These results, combined with the demonstration that lipopolysaccharide inhibits adenylate cyclase activity in P388D1 cells, strongly argues that lipopolysaccharide activation of cells is mediated by a Gi-like receptor-effector coupling protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jakway, J P -- DeFranco, A L -- AI-20038/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 7;234(4777):743-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3095921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adenylate Cyclase Toxin ; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Cell Line ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Escherichia coli ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*physiology ; Immunoglobulin M/immunology ; Interleukin-1/metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides/*antagonists & inhibitors/immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects ; Macrophage Activation/drug effects ; Macrophages/*physiology ; *Pertussis Toxin ; Virulence Factors, Bordetella/*pharmacology
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  • 59
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-02-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 7;231(4738):537-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3003903" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cholesterol/adverse effects ; *Diet ; Dietary Fats/adverse effects ; Dietary Fiber/administration & dosage ; Food-Processing Industry ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Nutritional Sciences/education ; United States
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  • 60
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-10-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 31;234(4776):543-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3532323" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Epidermal Growth Factor ; History, 20th Century ; Italy ; Mice ; *Nerve Growth Factors ; *Nobel Prize ; United States
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  • 61
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-01-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 31;231(4737):450-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3001937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology/transmission ; Deltaretrovirus/*pathogenicity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Sex ; United States
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  • 62
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-09-26
    Description: Direct evidence on age patterns of infecundity and sterility cannot be obtained from contemporary populations because such large fractions of couples use contraception or have been sterilized. Instead, historical data are exploited to yield upper bounds applicable to contemporary populations on the proportions sterile at each age. Examination of recent changes in sexual behavior that may increase infecundity indicates that sexually transmitted infections, the prime candidate for hypothesized rises in infertility, are unlikely to have added to infecundity to any great extent. These results imply that a woman in a monogamous union faces only moderate increases in the probability of becoming sterile (or infecund) until her late thirties. Nevertheless, it appears that recent changes in reproductive behavior were guaranteed to result in the perception that infecundity is on the rise.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Menken, J -- Trussell, J -- Larsen, U -- HD11720/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 26;233(4771):1389-94.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3755843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; *Aging ; Female ; *Fertility ; Humans ; Infertility, Female/*epidemiology ; Infertility, Male/*epidemiology ; Male ; Marriage ; Middle Aged ; United States
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  • 63
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-08-01
    Description: Plasmacytoma (PCT) cell lines dependent for proliferation and survival on a factor elaborated by the murine macrophage cell line, P388D1, were established in vitro. Adherent peritoneal cells induced by pristane produced 50-fold greater amounts of this activity in vitro than did resident cells. The molecules responsible for plasmacytoma growth were distinct from a number of characterized factors including interleukin-1, -2, and -3, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, B-cell stimulatory factor-1, B-cell growth factor II, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta, and gamma- and beta-interferon, none of which were able to support the growth of the factor-dependent PCT cell lines. These results suggest that PCT growth factor may be a novel factor that has not been previously characterized and, further, that its production is associated with the pristane-induced, chronic peritoneal inflammatory response that precedes plasmacytoma formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nordan, R P -- Potter, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 1;233(4763):566-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3726549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; *Cell Survival/drug effects ; Growth Substances/*isolation & purification/pharmacology/physiology ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Macrophages/*physiology ; Mice ; Plasmacytoma/*physiopathology
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  • 64
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-07-11
    Description: The title of the report by R. Myerowitz and N. Hogikyan on page 1646 of the issue of 27 June was incorrect. It should have been "Different mutations in Ashkenazi Jews and non-Jewish French Canadians with Tay-Sachs disease."〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Noll, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):143.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3726524" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *Chromosomes, Human ; *Genes ; Humans
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  • 65
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-05-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 16;232(4752):818-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3704628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; *Military Medicine ; United States
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  • 66
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-04-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 18;232(4748):308-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3008327" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; *Deltaretrovirus/ultrastructure ; France ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; *Patents as Topic ; United States
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  • 67
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-01-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 31;231(4737):447.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941908" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic/*economics ; United States ; Universities/*economics
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  • 68
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-04-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pincus, H A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 18;232(4748):307.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3008326" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Mental Disorders ; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.) ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research ; *Substance-Related Disorders ; United States ; United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 1986-03-28
    Description: Simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome (SAIDS) in the macaque genus of monkeys at the California Primate Research Center is apparently caused by infection by a type D retrovirus. The complete nucleotide sequence (8173 base pairs) of a molecular clone of the prototype SAIDS virus isolate, SRV-1, reveals a typical retrovirus structure with long terminal repeats (346 base pairs) and open reading frames for the gag (663 codons), pol (867 codons), and env (605 codons) genes. SRV-1 also has a separate open reading frame of 314 codons between the gag and pol genes that defines the viral protease gene (prt) and a short open reading frame of unknown significance downstream from the env gene. The SRV-1 protease region shows a high degree of homology to its counterpart in the hamster intracisternal A-type particle genome; both these protease genes are about twice as long as the analogous region of other retroviruses. SRV-1 has no notable similarity in either genetic organization or sequence to the human AIDS retroviruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Power, M D -- Marx, P A -- Bryant, M L -- Gardner, M B -- Barr, P J -- Luciw, P A -- AI20573/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA37467/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RR00169/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 28;231(4745):1567-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3006247" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology/*veterinary ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; Genes, Viral ; Macaca/*microbiology ; Peptide Hydrolases/genetics ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Retroviridae Proteins/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 1986-10-10
    Description: Biological and serological assays have been used to define four subregions for the I region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in the order I-A, I-B, I-J, and I-E. The I-J subregion presumably encodes the I-J polypeptide of the elusive T-cell suppressor factors. Restriction enzyme site polymorphisms and DNA sequence analyses of the I region from four recombinant mouse strains were used to localize the putative I-B and I-J subregions to a 1.0-kilobase (kb) region within the E beta gene. Sequencing this region from E beta clones derived from the two mouse strains: B10.A(3R), I-Jb and B10.A(5R), I-Jk initially used to define the I-J subregion revealed that these regions are identical, hence the distinct I-Jb and I-Jk molecules cannot be encoded by this DNA. In addition, the DNA sequence data also refute the earlier mapping of the I-B subregion. Analysis of the DNA sequences of three parental and four I region recombinants reveals that the recombinant events in three of the recombinant strains occurred within a 1-kb region of DNA, supporting the proposition that a hotspot for recombination exists in the I region. The only striking feature of this hotspot is a tetramer repeat (AGGC)n that shows 80 percent homology to the minisatellite sequence which may facilitate recombination in human chromosomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kobori, J A -- Strauss, E -- Minard, K -- Hood, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 10;234(4773):173-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3018929" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Genes, MHC Class II ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Suppressor Factors, Immunologic/genetics
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  • 71
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-09-19
    Description: DNA bending has been suggested to play a role in the regulation of gene expression, initiation of DNA replication, DNA packaging, and the recognition of specific DNA sequences by proteins. It has recently been demonstrated that DNA bending can be sequence-directed. Bent DNA has also been observed as a consequence of sequence-specific binding of proteins to DNA. In this report DNA of plasmid pT181 is shown to contain a bend at the replication origin. Furthermore, this bend is enhanced by the binding of the pT181 replication initiator protein, RepC, to the origin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koepsel, R R -- Khan, S A -- GM 31685/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 19;233(4770):1316-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3749879" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics/*metabolism ; *DNA Replication ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Plasmids
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  • 72
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-08-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 1;233(4763):513-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3523755" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Accidents ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Ethics Committees, Clinical ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; Internationality ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Nuclear Reactors ; Radiation Injuries/*therapy ; Ukraine ; United States
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  • 73
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-07-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):147.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3726525" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Accidents ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; *Nuclear Reactors ; Radiation Injuries/etiology ; Ukraine ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 74
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-07-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):149-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3088724" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Blood Banks ; Blood Donors ; Hepatitis C/blood/*prevention & control ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/*prevention & control ; Humans ; Pan troglodytes ; United States
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 1986-01-24
    Description: Human probes identifying the cellular homologs of the v-ets gene, Hu-ets-1 and Hu-ets-2, and two panels of rodent-human cell hybrids were used to study specific translocations occurring in acute leukemias. The human ets-1 gene was found to translocate from chromosome 11 to 4 in the t(4;11)(q21;23), a translocation characteristic of a subtype of leukemia that represents the expansion of a myeloid/lymphoid precursor cell. Similarly, the human ets-2 gene was found to translocate from chromosome 21 to chromosome 8 in the t(8;21)(q22;q22), a nonrandom translocation commonly found in patients with acute myeloid leukemia with morphology M2 (AML-M2). Both translocations are associated with expression different from the expression in normal lymphoid cells of ets genes, raising the possibility that these genes play a role in the pathogenesis of these leukemias.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sacchi, N -- Watson, D K -- Guerts van Kessel, A H -- Hagemeijer, A -- Kersey, J -- Drabkin, H D -- Patterson, D -- Papas, T S -- AG00029/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HD17449/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 24;231(4736):379-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941901" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; *Translocation, Genetic
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  • 76
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-01-24
    Description: Saccharomyces cerevisiae was examined for tyrosine kinase activity in vitro because this organism offers molecular and genetic approaches for analyzing the role of tyrosine phosphorylation in cellular growth control that are unavailable in higher eukaryotes. Yeast extracts phosphorylated a random copolymer (glutamic acid:tyrosine, 80:20) at tyrosine in a reaction that was linear with respect to time and protein concentration. In the absence of added copolymer, phosphotyrosine was 0.1 percent of the total phosphoamino acids labeled with [gamma-32P]adenosine triphosphate in endogenous yeast proteins. However, specific activities of these reactions were low (approximately 1 percent of those in extracts of chick embryo fibroblasts). Lack of significant incorporation of label from [alpha-32P]adenosine triphosphate into the copolymer or endogenous yeast proteins demonstrated that nucleotide interconversion, adenylylation, and subsequent hydrolysis could not account for the generation of phosphotyrosine observed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schieven, G -- Thorner, J -- Martin, G S -- CA17546/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- ES07075/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- GM21841/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 24;231(4736):390-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2417318" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Kinetics ; Peptides/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotyrosine ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*enzymology/metabolism ; Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 1986-04-11
    Description: Human color vision is based on three light-sensitive pigments. The isolation and sequencing of genomic and complementary DNA clones that encode the apoproteins of these three pigments are described. The deduced amino acid sequences show 41 +/- 1 percent identity with rhodopsin. The red and green pigments show 96 percent mutual identity but only 43 percent identity with the blue pigment. Green pigment genes vary in number among color-normal individuals and, together with a single red pigment gene, are proposed to reside in a head-to-tail tandem array within the X chromosome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathans, J -- Thomas, D -- Hogness, D S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 11;232(4747):193-202.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2937147" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Cattle ; Cebidae ; Cercopithecidae ; Color ; Color Perception/*physiology ; DNA/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Eye Proteins/genetics/physiology ; *Genes ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Photoreceptor Cells/physiology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Retinal Pigments/*genetics ; Retinaldehyde/physiology ; Rhodopsin/genetics ; Rod Opsins ; X Chromosome
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 1986-03-14
    Description: Human malignant melanoma cells express specific chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (mel-CSPG) on the surface, both in vivo and in vitro. Melanocytes in normal skin show no detectable mel-CSPG but can be induced to express the antigen when cultured in the presence of cholera toxin and the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Most other cell types do not express mel-CSPG either in vivo or in vitro. A study was designed to examine regulatory signals controlling mel-CSPG expression. The gene encoding mel-CSPG was mapped to human chromosome 15, and this chromosome was introduced into rodent cells derived from distinct differentiation lineages. Three types of mel-CSPG--expressing hybrids were found: (i) hybrids derived from human melanomas; (ii) hybrids derived from human cells that do not express mel-CSPG; and (iii) hybrids derived from human cells expressing mel-CSPG that are antigen-negative but that are induced to express mel-CSPG when cultured on extracellular matrix instead of plastic surfaces. Thus, mel-CSPG expression can be controlled both through intrinsic signals, provided by the differentiation program of the rodent fusion partner, and through extrinsic signals, provided by specific cell-matrix interactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rettig, W J -- Real, F X -- Spengler, B A -- Biedler, J L -- Old, L J -- CA-08748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 14;231(4743):1281-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3633135" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggrecans ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Cell Line ; Cholera Toxin/pharmacology ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; *Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Glycoproteins/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/drug effects/*metabolism ; Lectins, C-Type ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Melanocytes/drug effects/metabolism ; Melanoma/*metabolism ; Mice ; Neoplasm Proteins/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Neuroblastoma/metabolism ; *Proteoglycans ; Rats ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 1986-07-25
    Description: Bovine papillomavirus (BPV-1) contains two independent transforming genes that have been mapped to the E5 and E6 open reading frames (ORF's). The E5 transforming protein was identified by means of an antiserum against a synthetic peptide corresponding to the 20 COOH-terminal amino acids of the E5 ORF. The E5 polypeptide is the smallest viral transforming protein yet characterized; it had an apparent size of 7 kilodaltons. The transforming polypeptide is encoded entirely within the second half of the E5 ORF and its predicted amino acid composition is very unusual; 68% of the amino acids are strongly hydrophobic and 34% are leucine. Cell fractionation studies localized this polypeptide predominantly to cellular membranes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schlegel, R -- Wade-Glass, M -- Rabson, M S -- Yang, Y C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 25;233(4762):464-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3014660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bovine papillomavirus 1/*genetics ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; *Genes, Viral ; Mice ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral/*genetics ; Papillomaviridae/*genetics
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 1986-07-18
    Description: The myb gene is the transforming oncogene of the avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV); its normal cellular homolog, c-myb, is conserved across a broad span of evolution. In humans, c-myb is expressed in malignant hematopoietic cell lines and in primary hematopoietic tumors. Partial complementary DNA clones were generated from blast cells of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. The sequences of the clones were compared to the c-myb of other species, as well as the v-myb of AMV. In addition, the carboxyl terminal region of human c-myb was placed in an expression vector to obtain protein for the generation of antiserum, which was used to identify the human c-myb gene product. Like v-myb, this protein was found within the nucleus of leukemic cells where it was associated with the nuclear matrix. These studies provide further evidence that c-myb might be involved in human leukemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slamon, D J -- Boone, T C -- Murdock, D C -- Keith, D E -- Press, M F -- Larson, R A -- Souza, L M -- CA36827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 18;233(4761):347-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3014652" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aspartate Carbamoyltransferase ; Avian Leukosis Virus/*genetics ; Avian Myeloblastosis Virus/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; *Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing) ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/analysis ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; *Dihydroorotase ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/microbiology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/*genetics ; Molecular Weight ; *Multienzyme Complexes ; *Oncogenes ; Proteins/analysis
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  • 81
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-10-10
    Description: Polypeptide growth factors, regulatory peptides, and a variety of pharmacological agents acting alone or synergistically induce mitogenesis in cultured fibroblasts. The early signals in the membrane, cytosol, and nucleus promoted by these extracellular factors, together with their mitogenic effectiveness, are integrated in a unified hypothesis for the regulation of fibroblast growth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rozengurt, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 10;234(4773):161-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3018928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bombesin/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Cytosol/metabolism ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Enzyme Activation ; Growth Substances/*pharmacology ; Interphase ; Ions/metabolism ; Mitogens/*pharmacology ; Mitosis ; Models, Biological ; Oncogenes ; Phosphorylation ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Protein Kinase C/metabolism ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 1986-10-31
    Description: A novel human B-lymphotropic virus (HBLV) was isolated from the peripheral blood leukocytes of six individuals: two HTLV-III seropositive patients from the United States (one with AIDS-related lymphoma and one with dermatopathic lymphadenopathy), three HTLV-III seronegative patients from the United States (one with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy, one with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and one with immunoblastic lymphoma), and one HTLV-III seronegative patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia from Jamaica. All six isolates were closely related by antigenic analysis, and sera from all six virus-positive patients reacted immunologically with each virus isolate. In contrast, only four sera from 220 randomly selected healthy donors and none from 12 AIDS patients without associated lymphoma were seropositive. The virus selectively infected freshly isolated human B cells and converted them into large, refractile mono- or binucleated cells with nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. HBLV is morphologically similar to viruses of the herpesvirus family but is readily distinguishable from the known human and nonhuman primate herpesviruses by host range, in vitro biological effects, and antigenic features.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Salahuddin, S Z -- Ablashi, D V -- Markham, P D -- Josephs, S F -- Sturzenegger, S -- Kaplan, M -- Halligan, G -- Biberfeld, P -- Wong-Staal, F -- Kramarsky, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 31;234(4776):596-601.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2876520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/microbiology ; Cell Line ; Deltaretrovirus Infections/microbiology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Haplorhini ; Herpesviridae/*isolation & purification ; Herpesviridae Infections/*microbiology ; Humans ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders/*microbiology ; Microscopy, Electron ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology
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  • 83
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-12-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saltus, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1318-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3466349" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *Biotechnology ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 ; Genetic Markers ; *Genetic Testing ; Humans
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  • 84
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-05-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 16;232(4752):819.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3010454" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/microbiology ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology ; France ; Humans ; *Patents as Topic ; United States
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 1986-04-04
    Description: The human metallothionein-IIA (hMT-IIA) gene contains an enhancer element within its 5' regulatory region. This enhancer element can compete with the SV40 enhancer for one or more cellular factors in vivo. The competition between the two elements is modulated by cadmium, an inducer of hMT-IIA transcription. The data presented are consistent with a model in which heavy metal ions control the ability of the hMT-IIA enhancer to bind a positive factor, leading to increased transcription. The same factor is required for maximal activity of the SV40 enhancer, which suggests that viruses utilize factors that have a normal role in cellular gene expression to control their own genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scholer, H -- Haslinger, A -- Heguy, A -- Holtgreve, H -- Karin, M -- ES03222/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 4;232(4746):76-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3006253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyltransferases/genetics ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cadmium/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; *Genes ; *Genes, Regulator ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kinetics ; Metallothionein/*genetics ; Plasmids ; Simian virus 40/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects ; Transfection
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  • 86
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-09-05
    Description: A method is described for directly cloning enzymatically amplified segments of genomic DNA into an M13 vector for sequence analysis. A 110-base pair fragment of the human beta-globin gene and a 242-base pair fragment of the human leukocyte antigen DQ alpha locus were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction method, a procedure based on repeated cycles of denaturation, primer annealing, and extension by DNA polymerase I. Oligonucleotide primers with restriction endonuclease sites added to their 5' ends were used to facilitate the cloning of the amplified DNA. The analysis of cloned products allowed the quantitative evaluation of the amplification method's specificity and fidelity. Given the low frequency of sequence errors observed, this approach promises to be a rapid method for obtaining reliable genomic sequences from nanogram amounts of DNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scharf, S J -- Horn, G T -- Erlich, H A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 5;233(4768):1076-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3461561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular/*methods ; Coliphages/*genetics ; DNA Polymerase I/metabolism ; Gene Amplification ; *Genetic Vectors ; Globins/*genetics ; HLA-DQ Antigens ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/*genetics ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Polymorphism, Genetic
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  • 87
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-04-25
    Description: Hepatitis B viruses synthesize their open circular DNA genomes by reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate. The details of this process have been examined with the use of mammalian hepatitis B viruses to map the sites for initiation and termination of DNA synthesis and to explore the consequences of mutations introduced at short, separated direct repeats (DR1 and DR2) implicated in the mechanisms of initiation. The first DNA strand to be synthesized is initiated within DR1, apparently by a protein primer, and the completed strand has a short terminal redundancy. In contrast, the second DNA strand begins with the sequence adjacent to DR2, but its 5' end is joined to an oligoribonucleotide that contains DR1; thus the putative RNA primer has been transposed to the position of DR2. It is now possible to propose a detailed strategy for reverse transcription by hepatitis B viruses that can be instructively compared with that used by retroviruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seeger, C -- Ganem, D -- Varmus, H E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):477-84.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3961490" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Viral/metabolism ; Hepatitis B virus/genetics/*physiology ; Mutation ; RNA, Viral/metabolism ; Sciuridae ; Templates, Genetic ; *Virus Replication
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 1986-04-11
    Description: Second-passage rat embryo cells were transfected with a neomycin resistance gene and the activated form of the c-Ha-ras I gene, or with these two genes plus the adenovirus type 2 E1a gene. Foci of morphologically transformed cells were observed in both cases; however, the frequency of transformation was at least ten times higher with two oncogenes than with the ras gene alone. All the transformed cell lines gave rise to rapidly growing tumors when injected subcutaneously into nude mice. All but one of the cell lines transformed by the ras oncogene alone formed metastatic nodules in the lungs of animals that had been injected subcutaneously with transformed cells. When transformed cells were injected intravenously, all the ras single-gene transformants gave rise to many metastatic lung nodules. In contrast, cell lines transformed with ras and E1a did not generate metastases after subcutaneous injection and gave rise to very few metastatic lung nodules after intravenous injection. These data demonstrate that a fully malignant cell with metastatic potential, as measured in an immunodeficient animal, can be obtained from early passage embryo cells by the transfection of the ras oncogene alone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pozzatti, R -- Muschel, R -- Williams, J -- Padmanabhan, R -- Howard, B -- Liotta, L -- Khoury, G -- 3F32CA07245-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 11;232(4747):223-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3456644" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carcinoma/genetics ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Genetic Engineering ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; *Oncogenes ; Plasmids ; Rats/embryology ; Rats, Inbred Strains/embryology ; Transfection ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/genetics
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  • 89
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-03-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, Marjorie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 14;231(4743):1242.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643907" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *DNA, Recombinant ; *Ecology ; Federal Government ; Government ; *Government Regulation ; *Industry ; Jurisprudence ; Microbiology ; Politics ; Public Policy ; Risk ; Risk Assessment ; *Social Control, Formal ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
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  • 90
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 21;231(4744):1365.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3952489" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Environmental Exposure ; Formaldehyde/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/chemically induced ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States ; United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 1986-06-27
    Description: The posttranslational maturation of a complex precursor polyprotein, human proenkephalin, was assessed by infection of a wide spectrum of cell types with a recombinant vaccinia virus that expressed human proenkephalin. The infected cells rapidly produced both cellular and secreted Met-enkephalin immunoreactivity. Although each cell line could secrete intact proenkephalin, only a mouse pituitary line was capable of processing proenkephalin to mature enkephalin peptides. The quantity of intact proenkephalin secreted from BSC-40 cells (derived from African Green monkey kidney) was sufficient to establish the value of vaccinia virus as a mammalian cell expression vector.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thomas, G -- Herbert, E -- Hruby, D E -- 7 RO1 DA04154-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 27;232(4758):1641-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3754979" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Enkephalin, Methionine/biosynthesis ; Enkephalins/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Mice ; Protein Precursors/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Rats ; Recombinant Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Vaccinia virus/*genetics
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  • 92
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-08-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, Marjorie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 1;233(4763):516.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643926" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; *DNA, Recombinant ; *Ecology ; Federal Government ; Government ; *Government Regulation ; Jurisprudence ; Politics ; *Public Policy ; *Social Control, Formal ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
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  • 93
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-09-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 12;233(4769):1143-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3738527" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetamides/*adverse effects ; Animals ; *Government Agencies ; Herbicides/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Rats ; United States ; *United States Environmental Protection Agency
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  • 94
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-07-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jul 4;233(4759):22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3520821" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 20th Century ; United States ; United States Public Health Service/*organization & administration
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  • 95
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-06-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, Marjorie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 6;232(4755):1189.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; Containment of Biohazards ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; *Ecology ; Federal Government ; Government ; *Government Regulation ; Guidelines as Topic ; Industry ; Microbiology ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Public Policy ; Reference Standards ; *Social Control, Formal ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
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  • 96
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-04-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, Marjorie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 18;232(4748):316.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *DNA, Recombinant ; Ecology ; *Federal Government ; *Government ; *Government Regulation ; Industry ; Microbiology ; Politics ; Public Policy ; *Social Control, Formal ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 97
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-04-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 4;232(4746):15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3456642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture ; Bacteria/genetics ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Government Agencies ; United States ; *United States Environmental Protection Agency
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 1986-10-31
    Description: T lymphocytes express on their surface not only a specific receptor for antigen and major histocompatibility complex proteins, but also a number of additional glycoproteins that are thought to play accessory roles in the processes of recognition and signal transduction. L3T4 is one such T-cell surface protein that is expressed on most mouse thymocytes and on mature mouse T cells that recognize class II (Ia) major histocompatibility complex proteins. Such cells are predominantly of the helper/inducer phenotype. In this study, complementary DNA clones encoding L3T4 were isolated and sequenced. The predicted protein sequence shows that L3T4 is a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. It is encoded by a single gene that does not require rearrangement prior to expression. Although the protein has not previously been demonstrated on nonhematopoietic cells, two messenger RNA species specific for L3T4 are found in brain. The minor species comigrates with the L3T4 transcript in T cells, whereas the major species is 1 kilobase smaller.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tourvieille, B -- Gorman, S D -- Field, E H -- Hunkapiller, T -- Parnes, J R -- 1 F32 CA07877-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- AI11313/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM34991/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 31;234(4776):610-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3094146" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte ; Antigens, Surface/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Base Sequence ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-01-31
    Description: A shortened form of the self-splicing ribosomal RNA (rRNA) intervening sequence of Tetrahymena thermophila acts as an enzyme in vitro. The enzyme catalyzes the cleavage and rejoining of oligonucleotide substrates in a sequence-dependent manner with Km = 42 microM and kcat = 2 min-1. The reaction mechanism resembles that of rRNA precursor self-splicing. With pentacytidylic acid as the substrate, successive cleavage and rejoining reactions lead to the synthesis of polycytidylic acid. Thus, the RNA molecule can act as an RNA polymerase, differing from the protein enzyme in that it uses an internal rather than an external template. At pH 9, the same RNA enzyme has activity as a sequence-specific ribonuclease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zaug, A J -- Cech, T R -- GM28039/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 31;231(4737):470-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941911" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Binding, Competitive ; *DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases ; Kinetics ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics/metabolism ; Tetrahymena/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1986-09-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, H I -- Young, F E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 12;233(4769):1135-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3461563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Genetic Engineering ; *Legislation as Topic ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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