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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (2,027)
  • 1985-1989  (2,027)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1985  (2,027)
  • 101
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-02-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 8;227(4687):627.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17781817" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 102
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-02-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 8;227(4687):627-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17781815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 103
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-02-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 22;227(4689):929.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17821228" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 104
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-01-11
    Description: In the article "Panel says Depo-Provera not proved safe" (News and Comment, 23 Nov., p. 950), the dosages of Depo-Provera, a progestogen, and estrogens used in cancer therapy and as a contraceptive were incorrectly reported. In cancer therapy, the hormones are used in large doses. In contraceptives, the dosages are small.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):120.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17843060" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 105
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-01-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):118,120.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3917573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Animals ; *Animals, Domestic ; Central America ; Eflornithine ; Ornithine/analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use ; Research ; South America ; *Trypanosomiasis/drug therapy
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  • 106
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):514.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17733474" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 107
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-02-08
    Description: Two statements in the article "Heart panel's conclusions questioned" by Gina Kolata (Research News, 4 Jan., p. 40) were not accurate. The first, in the third paragraph on page 40, should have read, "But these trials failed to show that cholesterol-lowering saves lives," instead of, "But these trials failed to show that cholesterol-lowering prevents deaths from heart disease." A second statement, in the ninth paragraph on page 41, should have read, "The incidences of angina, bypass surgery, and abnormal exercise electrocardiograms all came down in the cholestyramine group. All but bypass surgery were statistically significant."〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 8;227(4687):584.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17781796" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 108
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):499.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17733461" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 109
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-01-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 4;227(4682):45-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17810014" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 110
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-01-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abele, L G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):160-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17843074" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 111
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-11-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 22;230(4728):893.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17739202" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 112
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-10-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):245.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17782452" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 113
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-01-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 4;227(4682):80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17810029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 114
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-09-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1343.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17798370" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 115
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-11-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 8;230(4726):617.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17797275" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 116
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-01-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 4;227(4682):37.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17810001" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 117
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-01-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 4;227(4682):46.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17810017" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 118
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-01-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 4;227(4682):46.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17810016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 119
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-01-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 4;227(4682):46-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17810015" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 120
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-09-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1043.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17753270" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 121
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-07-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 12;229(4709):121.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17746274" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 122
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1263.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17799100" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 123
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-08-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 30;229(4716):819.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17777911" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 124
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-07-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 26;229(4711):335.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17795884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 125
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):531.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17736063" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 126
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1487.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17831240" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 127
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-08-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 16;229(4714):617.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17739362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 128
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1145.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17735324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 129
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):845-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17815028" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 130
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-24
    Description: The idea that pancreatic digestive enzyme secretion can occur in a nonparallel manner has been controversial because of its presumed incompatibility with the exocytosis secretory mechanism. Correlation and regression analysis of enzyme output by the rabbit pancreas after it is stimulated with cholecystokinin and chymodenin revealed that digestive enzymes are secreted in a highly linked fashion, compatible with exocytosis and with nonparallel secretion. Thus, exocytosis and nonparallel secretion are not contradictory processes, but rather nonparallel secretion is due to exocytosis from heterogeneous sources within the pancreas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adelson, J W -- Miller, P E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):993-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2408334" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amylases/secretion ; Animals ; Cholecystokinin/pharmacology ; Chymotrypsinogen/secretion ; *Exocytosis ; Hydrolases/*secretion ; Lipase/secretion ; Pancreas/enzymology/*secretion ; Peptides/pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Regression Analysis
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  • 131
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):467.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17733458" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 132
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-02-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 22;227(4689):847.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17821214" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-02-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ahearne, J F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 22;227(4689):838.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17821210" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 134
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-09-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alberte, R S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1380-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17798382" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 135
    Publication Date: 1985-07-12
    Description: An endogenous polypeptide of rat brain has been identified that is capable of displacing 1,4-benzodiazepines and the esters of the 3-carboxylic acid derivatives of beta-carbolines from their specific synaptic binding sites. This polypeptide was termed diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI). Previous studies have shown that DBI injected intraventricularly in rodents elicits "proconflict" responses and antagonizes the "anticonflict" action of benzodiazepines. An antiserum to this peptide, directed toward an immunodeterminant near its amino terminus, makes it possible to detect, measure, and study the neuronal location of this peptide in rat brain. In the rat cerebral cortex, DBI immunoreactivity is located in neurons that are not GABAergic (GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid); in the cerebellum and hippocampus, however, it might be present also in GABAergic neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alho, H -- Costa, E -- Ferrero, P -- Fujimoto, M -- Cosenza-Murphy, D -- Guidotti, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 12;229(4709):179-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3892688" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Brain Chemistry ; Cerebellum/analysis ; Cerebral Cortex/analysis ; Colchicine/pharmacology ; Diazepam Binding Inhibitor ; Hippocampus/analysis ; Histocytochemistry ; Hypothalamus/analysis ; Immune Sera ; Immunologic Techniques ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*analysis/immunology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rats
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  • 136
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: In 1971 Hafele and Keating carried portable atomic clocks east and then west around the world and verified the Sagnac effect, a special relativity effect attributable to the earth's rotation. In the study reported here observations of the effect were made by using electromagnetic signals instead of portable clocks to make clock comparisons. Global Positioning System satellites transmit signals that can be viewed simultaneously from remote stations on the earth; thus an around-the-world Sagnac experiment can be performed with electromagnetic signals. The effect is larger than that occurring when portable clocks are used. The average error over a 3-month experiment was only 5 nanoseconds.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allan, D W -- Weiss, M A -- Ashby, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):69-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17811569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 137
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aftergood, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1385.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17814470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 138
    Publication Date: 1985-01-25
    Description: beta-Endorphin in the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland is posttranslationally modified to produce opioid inactive peptides. Whether these are metabolites or biologically relevant products has not been known. It was found that repeated stress induces increased biosynthesis and release of beta-endorphin-like substances from the intermediate lobe of rats and that opioid-inactive N-acetylated beta-endorphin-(1-31) is selectively made and liberated. The possible role of this nonopioid product and the selective release of peptide forms are discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Akil, H -- Shiomi, H -- Matthews, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 25;227(4685):424-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3155575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Endorphins/*biosynthesis/blood ; Half-Life ; Kinetics ; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones/biosynthesis/blood ; Pituitary Gland/*metabolism ; Rats ; Stress, Physiological/*metabolism ; beta-Endorphin
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  • 139
    Publication Date: 1985-11-15
    Description: A newly identified protein from HTLV-III/LAV, the virus implicated as the etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome, was studied. This protein, which has a molecular weight of 27,000 (p27), was shown by amino acid sequencing to have a coding origin 3' to the env gene on the HTLV-III genome. The presence of antibodies to p27 in virus-exposed individuals indicated that this gene is functional in the natural host.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allan, J S -- Coligan, J E -- Lee, T H -- McLane, M F -- Kanki, P J -- Groopman, J E -- Essex, M -- 2T32-CA09031/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA23885/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA37466/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 15;230(4727):810-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2997921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology/microbiology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/*immunology ; Antibody Formation ; Antigens, Viral/*immunology ; Deltaretrovirus/genetics/*immunology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Haplorhini/microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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  • 140
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aldrich, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):867-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17815046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 141
    Publication Date: 1985-05-31
    Description: Antibodies from the serum of patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with the AIDS-related complex and from the serum of seropositive healthy homosexuals, recognize two major glycoproteins in cells infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV III). These glycoproteins, gp160 and gp120, are encoded by the 2.5-kilobase open reading frame located in the 3' end of the HTLV-III genome, as determined by amino terminus sequence analysis of the radiolabeled forms of these proteins. It is hypothesized that gp160 and gp120 represent the major species of virus-encoded envelope gene products for HTLV-III.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allan, J S -- Coligan, J E -- Barin, F -- McLane, M F -- Sodroski, J G -- Rosen, C A -- Haseltine, W A -- Lee, T H -- Essex, M -- 2T32-CA09031/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 13885/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 37466/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1091-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2986290" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/genetics/*immunology ; Base Sequence ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology ; Genes, Viral ; Glycoproteins/genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Tunicamycin/pharmacology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics/*immunology
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  • 142
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: Autoradiography combined with image analysis permitted quantitative visualization of dopamine (D2) and serotonin (S2) binding sites in rat brain. Forebrain sections were incubated with tritiated spiroperidol alone or with tritiated spiroperidol plus unlabeled compounds that saturated the D2 or S2 sites. By subtracting the digitized image of an autoradiograph derived from the latter sections from that of the former, the D2 or S2 sites were specifically revealed. The resulting quantitative images demonstrate the differing anatomical distributions of these sites. The D2 site is largely restricted to the striatal complex (caudate-putamen, nucleus accumbens septi, and olfactory tubercle), whereas the S2 site is enriched in layer 5 of motor cortex, the perirhinal and cingulate cortices, and the claustrum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altar, C A -- O'Neil, S -- Walter, R J Jr -- Marshall, J F -- AG 00538/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG00096/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- NS 20122/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):597-600.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2580352" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography/*methods ; Brain/physiology/*radionuclide imaging ; Butaclamol/metabolism ; Computers ; Ketanserin ; Piperidines/metabolism ; Radiographic Image Enhancement/methods ; Rats ; Receptors, Dopamine/*physiology ; Receptors, Serotonin/*physiology ; Spiperone/metabolism ; Sulpiride/metabolism
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  • 143
    Publication Date: 1985-09-13
    Description: As a consequence of alternative RNA processing events, a single rat gene can generate messenger RNA's (mRNA's) encoding either calcitonin or a neuropeptide referred to as alpha-type calcitonin gene-related peptide (alpha-CGRP). An mRNA product of a related gene has been identified in rat brain and thyroid encoding the protein precursor of a peptide differing from alpha-CGRP by only a single amino acid. The RNA encoding this peptide, which is referred to as beta-CGRP, appears to be the only mature transcript of the beta-CGRP gene. Hybridization histochemistry reveals a similar distribution of alpha- and beta-CGRP mRNA's, but their relative levels of expression vary in different cranial nerve nuclei. Thus beta-CGRP is a new member of a family of related genes with potential functions in regulating the transduction of sensory and motor information.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Amara, S G -- Arriza, J L -- Leff, S E -- Swanson, L W -- Evans, R M -- Rosenfeld, M G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1094-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Brain Chemistry ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; DNA/analysis ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*analysis ; Rats
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  • 144
    Publication Date: 1985-08-23
    Description: Mice were fed an ethanol-containing liquid diet for 9 days. On removal of the diet, exposure to 12 atmospheres absolute of a mixture of helium and oxygen precipitated earlier withdrawal, increased withdrawal scores for the first 6 hours, and increased the peak withdrawal intensity compared to dependent animals exposed to control conditions. The enhanced withdrawal did not appear to reflect alterations in ethanol elimination, oxygen or helium partial pressures, body temperature, or general excitability. These results extend to chronically treated animals the evidence that hyperbaric exposure antagonizes the membrane actions of ethanol.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alkana, R L -- Finn, D A -- Galleisky, G G -- Syapin, P J -- Malcolm, R D -- R01AA03972/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):772-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4040651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Atmospheric Pressure ; Cell Membrane/drug effects/physiology ; Ethanol/*adverse effects/pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/*physiopathology
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  • 145
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: The mechanism of irreversible thermoinactivation of an enzyme has been quantitatively elucidated in the pH range relevant to enzymatic catalysis. The processes causing irreversible inactivation of hen egg-white lysozyme at 100 degrees C are deamidation of asparagine residues, hydrolysis of peptide bonds at aspartic acid residues., destruction of disulfide bonds, and formation of incorrect (scrambled) structures; their relative contributions depend of the pH.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ahern, T J -- Klibanov, A M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1280-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001942" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Asparagine ; Chickens ; Disulfides ; Hot Temperature ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Kinetics ; *Muramidase ; *Protein Denaturation
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  • 146
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-08-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allison, D K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 2;229(4712):457-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17738673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 147
    Publication Date: 1985-03-15
    Description: Zooplankton excretion and algal alkaline phosphatase are presumed to be responsible for phosphorus recycling in aquatic ecosystems; the role of bacteria has been unclear. High levels of bacterial cell-surface 5-nucleotidase were discovered in samples of picoplankton from California coastal waters. 5-Nucleotidase rapidly generated orthophosphate from 5-nucleotide added in nanomolar amounts and could supply half the orthophosphate required by plankton. Unlike alkaline phosphatase, 5-nucleotidase was not inhibited by orthophosphate at any concentration found in aquatic environments. Initial results indicate even greater 5-nucleotidase activity in fresh water (Lake Hodges, California) and brackish water (Baltic). Release and uptake of orthophosphate were tightly coupled.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ammerman, J W -- Azam, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 15;227(4692):1338-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17793769" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 148
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-10-25
    Description: The cortex of the inferior parietal lobule in primates is important for spatial perception and spatially oriented behavior. Recordings of single neurons in this area in behaving monkeys showed that the visual sensitivity of the retinotopic receptive fields changes systematically with the angle of gaze. The activity of many of the neurons can be largely described by the product of a gain factor that is a function of the eye position and the response profile of the visual receptive field. This operation produces an eye position-dependent tuning for locations in head-centered coordinate space.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Andersen, R A -- Essick, G K -- Siegel, R M -- EY 05522/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- NS 07457/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 25;230(4724):456-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4048942" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Eye Movements ; Fixation, Ocular ; Macaca mulatta ; Neurons/*physiology ; Parietal Lobe/*cytology/physiology ; Psychomotor Performance/*physiology ; Retina/physiology ; Space Perception/*physiology ; Visual Fields
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  • 149
    Publication Date: 1985-08-02
    Description: Beta-galactosidase-deficient siblings in two litters of English springer spaniel puppies showed a progressive neurological impairment, dwarfism, orbital hypertelorism, and dysostosis multiplex. An excess of GM1-ganglioside was found in the brain. Three abnormal oligosaccharides were present in samples of urine, brain, liver, and cartilage. Light microscopy of selected tissue specimens revealed cytoplasmic vacuoles in neurons, circulating blood cells, macrophages, and chondrocytes. Ultrastructural studies demonstrated that these membrane-bound vacuoles were of two types--one containing lamellated membranes and the other, finely granular material. These clinical and pathological findings are similar to those observed in human patients affected by the infantile form of GM1-gangliosidosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alroy, J -- Orgad, U -- Ucci, A A -- Schelling, S H -- Schunk, K L -- Warren, C D -- Raghavan, S S -- Kolodny, E H -- HD 05515/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD04147/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS 21765/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 2;229(4712):470-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3925555" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic/enzymology/genetics/*veterinary ; Dog Diseases/*enzymology/genetics/pathology ; Dogs ; Female ; G(M1) Ganglioside ; Gangliosidoses/enzymology/genetics/pathology/*veterinary ; Humans ; Lactose Intolerance/genetics/metabolism/*veterinary ; Male ; Neurons/pathology ; Oligosaccharides/metabolism ; Pedigree ; Vacuoles/pathology
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  • 150
    Publication Date: 1985-10-11
    Description: A new metabolic pathway has been created in the microorganism Erwinia herbicola that gives it the ability to produce 2-keto-L-gulonic acid, an important intermediate in the synthesis of L-ascorbic acid. Initially, a Corynebacterium enzyme that could stereoselectively reduce 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid to 2-keto-L-gulonic acid was identified and purified. DNA probes based on amino acid sequence information from 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase were then used to isolate the gene for this enzyme from a Corynebacterium genomic library. The 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase coding region was fused to the Escherichia coli trp promoter and a synthetic ribosome binding site and was then introduced into E. herbicola on a multicopy plasmid. Erwinia herbicola naturally produces 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid via glucose oxidation, and when recombinant cells expressing the plasmid-encoded reductase were grown in the presence of glucose, 2-keto-L-gulonic acid was made and released into the culture medium. The data demonstrate the feasibility of creating novel in vivo routes for the synthesis of important specialty chemicals by combining useful metabolic traits from diverse sources in a single organism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, S -- Marks, C B -- Lazarus, R -- Miller, J -- Stafford, K -- Seymour, J -- Light, D -- Rastetter, W -- Estell, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 11;230(4722):144-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17842676" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 151
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Andersen, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1371-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17749678" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 152
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-04-26
    Description: Cognitive psychology, artificial intelligence, and computer technology have advanced to the point where it is feasible to build computer systems that are as effective as intelligent human tutors. Computer tutors based on a set of pedagogical principles derived from the ACT theory of cognition have been developed for teaching students to do proofs in geometry and to write computer programs in the language LISP.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, J R -- Boyle, C F -- Reiser, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 26;228(4698):456-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17746875" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 153
    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: A new approach to in situ observations of trace reactive species in the stratosphere is described. A balloon-borne system, floating 40 kilometers above the earth's surface, successfully lowered and then retracted a cluster of instruments a distance of 12 kilometers on a filament of Kevlar. This instrument cluster is capable of detecting gas-phase free radicals at the part-per-trillion level. The suspended instrument array has excellent stability and has been used to measure atomic oxygen concentrations in the stratosphere.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, J G -- Hazen, N L -- McLaren, B E -- Rowe, S P -- Schiller, C M -- Schwab, M J -- Solomon, L -- Thompson, E E -- Weinstock, E M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1309-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17799118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 154
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-01-04
    Description: The whole-cell variant of the patch clamp technique was used to study calcium channels in GH3 cells. Two distinct populations of calcium channels, first recognized from their closing kinetics, were observed. The slowly closing channels are activated in a relatively negative voltage range and are inactivated within 100 milliseconds. They conduct barium and calcium about equally well. The fast closing channels are activated at more positive voltages, are not inactivated during a 100-millisecond pulse, conduct barium in preference to calcium, and are activated slightly more rapidly than the slowly closing channels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Armstrong, C M -- Matteson, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 4;227(4682):65-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2578071" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Barium/metabolism ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Clone Cells ; Electrophysiology ; Ion Channels/metabolism/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials ; Pituitary Gland/*cytology/metabolism ; Rats
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  • 155
    Publication Date: 1985-10-25
    Description: Papillomaviruses (PV) contain several conserved genes that may encode nonstructural proteins; however, none of these predicted gene products have been identified. Papillomavirus E6 genes are retained and expressed as RNA in PV-associated human and animal carcinomas and cell lines. This suggests that the E6 gene product may be important in the maintenance of the malignant phenotype. The E6 open reading frame of the bovine papillomavirus (BPV) genome has been identified as one of two BPV genes that can independently transform mouse cells in vitro. A polypeptide encoded by this region of BPV was produced in a bacterial expression vector and used to raise antisera. The antisera specifically immunoprecipitated the predicted 15.5-kilodalton BPV E6 protein from cells transformed by the E6 gene. The E6 protein was identified in both the nuclear and membrane fractions of these transformed cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Androphy, E J -- Schiller, J T -- Lowy, D R -- 5-F32-CA-07237/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 25;230(4724):442-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996134" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bovine papillomavirus 1/*genetics ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; *Genes, Viral ; Mice ; Oncogenes ; Papillomaviridae/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Tumor Virus Infections/genetics ; Viral Proteins/*genetics/isolation & purification
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  • 156
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-10-04
    Description: Antibodies to chromogranin, a secretory protein marker for the diffuse neuroendocrine system, were used to analyze rat lymphoreticular tissues by means of immunochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Chromogranin-positive cells were present in spleen, lymph node, thymus, and fetal liver. When these organs were gently dispersed and separated on a Ficoll gradient, the chromogranin-immunoreactive cells became enriched in the dense red-cell pellets. The unexpected distribution of these neuroendocrine cells in all immunologically relevant structures suggests that they may link the nervous and immunological systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Angeletti, R H -- Hickey, W F -- K07-NS00889/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 4;230(4721):89-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3898368" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Chromogranins/*analysis ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Histocytochemistry ; Immunosorbent Techniques ; Lymphoid Tissue/*analysis ; Mononuclear Phagocyte System/*analysis ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*analysis ; Rats
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  • 157
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-03-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arnett, E M -- Simmons, H E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 29;227(4694):1530.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17795329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 158
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-04-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Antal, M J Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 19;228(4697):264.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17790211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 159
    Publication Date: 1985-10-18
    Description: Developments in microscope, sensor, and image-processing technologies have led to integrated systems for the quantification of low-light-level emission signals from biological samples. Specificity is provided in the form of monoclonal antibodies and other ligands or enzyme substrates conjugated with efficient fluorophores. Fluorescent probes are also available for cellular macromolecular constituents and for free ions of biological interest such as H+ and Ca2+. The entire spectrum of photophysical phenomena can be exploited. Representative data are presented from studies of DNA conformation and architecture in polytene chromosomes and from studies of receptor-mediated endocytosis, calcium distribution, and the organization of the contractile apparatus in muscle cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arndt-Jovin, D J -- Robert-Nicoud, M -- Kaufman, S J -- Jovin, T M -- FO6 TWOO960/TW/FIC NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):247-56.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4048934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Analog-Digital Conversion ; Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cells/*cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromosomes/ultrastructure ; Drosophila ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Kinetics ; Microscopy, Fluorescence/instrumentation/*methods ; Salivary Glands/cytology
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  • 160
    Publication Date: 1985-12-13
    Description: This study provides evidence that the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine ameliorates the cognitive deficits exhibited by aged nonhuman primates through drug actions at alpha 2 receptors. Furthermore, pharmacological profiles in animals with lesions restricted to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex indicate that this area may be the site of action for some of clonidine's beneficial effects. These results demonstrate that alpha-adrenergic systems contribute to cognitive function and suggest a new strategy for treating memory disorders in aged humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arnsten, A F -- Goldman-Rakic, P S -- NIMH#00298/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NIMH#38546/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NIMH-08641/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1273-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/drug effects/*physiology ; Clonidine/*pharmacology ; Cognition/*drug effects ; Female ; Hydroxydopamines/pharmacology ; Macaca mulatta ; Memory/drug effects/physiology ; Oxidopamine ; Prazosin/pharmacology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/*physiology ; Yohimbine/pharmacology
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  • 161
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-01-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Annan, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 4;227(4682):8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17809991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 162
    Publication Date: 1985-11-29
    Description: A hybrid gene containing the 5' sequence of a hamster histone H3 gene and the coding sequence of the bacterial neomycin-resistance gene (neo) was constructed. Upon transfection into the hamster fibroblast cell line K12, the hybrid gene exhibited cell cycle-dependent regulation, as evidenced by the maximal accumulation of the neo transcripts during synthesis of DNA in the cell cycle. In addition, cells arrested in the prereplicative phase, as a consequence of the K12 temperature-sensitive mutation, produced significantly less neo messenger RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Artishevsky, A -- Grafsky, A -- Lee, A S -- GM 31138/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1061-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4059922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Cycle ; Cricetinae ; DNA Replication ; DNA, Recombinant ; Drug Resistance ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Histones/*genetics ; Neomycin/pharmacology ; Poly A/genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 163
    Publication Date: 1985-07-19
    Description: Synthesis and release of pro-opiomelanocortin-derived peptides are under differential regulation in the anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary. Glucocorticoids inhibit synthesis of pro-opiomelanocortin-related peptides in the anterior lobe but not in the intermediate lobe. These two lobes are also characterized by differences in neural innervation and blood flow, both of which may represent routes of access for regulatory factors (the intermediate lobe is avascular). Immunoreactive glucocorticoid receptor, which can be demonstrated in many tissues, is absent from the intermediate lobe. Immunocytochemistry was used to demonstrate the presence of immunoreactive glucocorticoid receptor in the intermediate lobe after pituitary stalk transection, neurointermediate lobe grafts to kidney capsule, or monolayer culture of neurointermediate pituitary cells. This appearance of the glucocorticoid receptor is presumably a consequence of removal of intermediate pituitary cells from neural influences that may be responsible for inhibiting their expression under normal conditions in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Antakly, T -- Sasaki, A -- Liotta, A S -- Palkovits, M -- Krieger, D T -- NSO2893/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 19;229(4710):277-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3892690" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Male ; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones/physiology ; Pituitary Gland/analysis/*metabolism/surgery ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/analysis/metabolism ; Rabbits/immunology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Receptors, Steroid/*biosynthesis ; Serotonin/analysis
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  • 164
    Publication Date: 1985-11-15
    Description: The gene encoding the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax has been cloned. The deduced sequence of the protein consists of 373 amino acids with a central region of 19 tandem repeats of the nonapeptide Asp-Arg-Ala-Asp/Ala-Gly-Gln-Pro-Ala-Gly. A synthetic 18-amino acid peptide containing two tandem repeats binds to a monoclonal antibody directed to the CS protein of Plasmodium vivax and inhibits the interaction of this antibody with the native protein in sporozoite extracts. The portions of the CS gene that do not contain repeats are closely related to the corresponding regions of the CS genes of two simian malarias, Plasmodium cynomolgi and Plasmodium knowlesi. In contrast, the homology between the CS genes of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum, another malaria parasite of humans, is very limited.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arnot, D E -- Barnwell, J W -- Tam, J P -- Nussenzweig, V -- Nussenzweig, R S -- Enea, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 15;230(4727):815-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2414847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics/immunology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Epitopes/*genetics/immunology ; Haplorhini/parasitology ; Humans ; Malaria/parasitology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plasmodium/immunology ; Plasmodium vivax/*genetics/immunology ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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  • 165
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-01-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Atalla, R H -- Vanderhart, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 4;227(4682):79.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17810027" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 166
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anfinsen, C B -- Flory, P J -- Penzias, A A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):530.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17736061" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 167
    Publication Date: 1985-02-08
    Description: Raman microprobe spectra from the secondary wall of earlywood tissue from Picea mariana (black spruce) reveal evidence of the orientation of lignin relative to the plane of the cell wall. In most instances, the aromatic rings of the phenyl propane structural units are parallel to the plane of the cell-wall surface.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Atalla, R H -- Agarwal, U P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 8;227(4687):636-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17781824" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 168
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: Two transgenic mice were obtained that contain in their chromosomes the complete hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome except for the core gene. These mice secrete particles of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum. In one mouse, HBV DNA sequences that had integrated at two different sites were shown to segregate independently in the first filial generation (F1) and only one of the sequences allowed expression of the surface antigen. Among these animals the males produced five to ten times more HBsAg than the females. A 2.1-kilobase messenger RNA species comigrating with the major surface gene messenger RNA is expressed specifically in the liver in the two original mice. The results suggest that the HBV sequences introduced into the mice are able to confer a tissue-specific expression to the S gene. In addition, the HBV transgenic mice represent a new model for the chronic carrier state of hepatitis B virus infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Babinet, C -- Farza, H -- Morello, D -- Hadchouel, M -- Pourcel, C -- CA37300-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1160-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3865370" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carrier State ; DNA, Recombinant ; Female ; *Genetic Engineering ; Hepatitis B/genetics ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
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  • 169
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-10-25
    Description: World agricultural production is at an all-time high and is climbing fast, especially in the developing countries. Even Africa has ample land and technology to feed its population, given more effective national policies. Higher agricultural output has been stimulated primarily by new technology, but also by investments and improved government policies. Constraints such as cropland shortage, soil erosion, and higher oil prices have been readily surmounted. High-technology agriculture has even overcome some major "systems breaks." Thus U.S. farmers will continue to face commercial surpluses of farm products in world markets in the years ahead.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Avery, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 25;230(4724):408-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17816064" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 170
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-24
    Description: The gene for the RNA subunit (M1 RNA) of ribonuclease P from Salmonella typhimurium directs the synthesis of an RNA that can cleave transfer RNA precursor molecules. The mature M1 RNA coded for by Salmonella typhimurium is 375 nucleotides long and has six nucleotide changes in comparison to M1 RNA from Escherichia coli. The regions for promotion and termination of transcription are closely conserved, but adjacent regions of nucleotide sequences show considerable drift.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baer, M -- Altman, S -- GM19422/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):999-1002.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2408335" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Endoribonucleases/*analysis ; Escherichia coli/enzymology/genetics ; *Escherichia coli Proteins ; Genes, Bacterial ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA/genetics ; RNA Precursors ; RNA, Bacterial/*genetics/metabolism ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Ribonuclease P ; Salmonella typhimurium/enzymology/*genetics ; Terminator Regions, Genetic ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 171
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: A modern 1- to 2-billion-electron-volt synchrotron radiation facility (based on high-brightness electron beams and magnetic undulators) would generate coherent (laser-like) soft x-rays of wavelengths as short as 10 angstroms. The radiation would also be broadly tunable and subject to full polarization control. Radiation with these properties could be used for phase- and element-sensitive microprobing of biological assemblies and material interfaces as well as reserch on the production of electronic microstructures with features smaller than 1000 angstroms. These short wavelength capabilities, which extend to the K-absorption edges of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, are neither available nor projected for laboratory XUV lasers. Higher energy storage rings (5 to 6 billion electron volts) would generate significantly less coherent radiation and would be further compromised by additional x-ray thermal loading of optical components.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Attwood, D -- Halbach, K -- Kim, K J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1265-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17799101" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 172
    Publication Date: 1985-07-05
    Description: Human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) encodes a trans-acting factor that activates the expression of genes linked to the HTLV-III long terminal repeat. By functional mapping of complementary DNA transcripts of viral messenger RNA's the major functional domain of the gene encoding this factor was localized to a region immediately before the env gene of the virus, a region previously thought to be noncoding. This newly identified gene consists of three exons, and its transcription into messenger RNA involves two splicing events bringing together sequences from the 5' part (287 base pairs), middle (268 base pairs), and 3'part (1258 base pairs) of the HTLV-III genome. A similar messenger RNA with a truncated second exon (70 base pairs) does not encode a trans-acting function. It is proposed that this second messenger RNA is the transcript of a gene (3'-orf) located after the env gene. Messenger RNA's were also identified for the env and gag-pol genes of HTLV-III.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arya, S K -- Guo, C -- Josephs, S F -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 5;229(4708):69-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Regulator ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription Factors/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/genetics
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  • 173
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-10-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baker, D K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 4;230(4721):13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17817143" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 174
    Publication Date: 1985-05-31
    Description: The carcinogenic process is extremely complex and is affected by diverse environmental and host factors. The mechanism for the gradual development of the transformed phenotype (a process termed "progression") was studied in type 5 adenovirus (Ad5)-transformed rat embryo cells. Progression was not correlated with major changes in the pattern of integration of viral DNA sequences. Instead, it was associated with an increased methylation of integrated viral sequences other than those corresponding to the E1 transforming genes of Ad5. A single exposure of progressed cells to the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine (Aza) resulted in a stable reversion to the unprogressed state of the original parental clone. A further selection of cells after growth in agar allowed the isolation of Aza-treated clones that had regained the progressed phenotype. These observations indicate that progression is a reversible process and suggest that progression may be associated with changes in the state of methylation of one or more specific genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Babiss, L E -- Zimmer, S G -- Fisher, P B -- CA-33434/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-35675/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1099-101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2581317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviruses, Human/*genetics ; Animals ; Azacitidine/*pharmacology ; Cell Division ; Cell Transformation, Viral/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Viral ; *Methylation ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains/embryology ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 175
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-08-16
    Description: Five moderate (magnitude 6) earthquakes with similar features have occurred on the Parkfield section of the San Andreas fault in central California since 1857. The next moderate Parkfield earthquake is expected to occur before 1993. The Parkfield prediction experiment is designed to monitor the details of the final stages of the earthquake preparation process; observations and reports of seismicity and aseismic slip associated with the last moderate Parkfield earthquake in 1966 constitute much of the basis of the design of the experiment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bakun, W H -- Lindh, A G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 16;229(4714):619-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17739363" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 176
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-11-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Back, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 22;230(4728):885.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17739201" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 177
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-07-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baker, V R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 26;229(4711):376-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17795894" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 178
    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: Many higher plants produce economically important organic compounds such as oils, resins, tannins, natural rubber, gums, waxes, dyes, flavors and fragrances, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. However, most species of higher plants have never been described, much less surveyed for chemical or biologically active constituents, and new sources of commercially valuable materials remain to be discovered. Advances in biotechnology, particularly methods for culturing plant cells and tissues, should provide new means for the commercial processing of even rare plants and the chemicals they produce. These new technologies will extend and enhance the usefulness of plants as renewable resources of valuable chemicals. In the future, biologically active plant-derived chemicals can be expected to play an increasingly significant role in the commercial development of new products for regulating plant growth and for insect and weed control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balandrin, M F -- Klocke, J A -- Wurtele, E S -- Bollinger, W H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1154-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3890182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification ; Cells, Cultured ; Insecticides/isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts/analysis ; Plant Growth Regulators/isolation & purification ; *Plants/analysis ; *Plants, Medicinal
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  • 179
    Publication Date: 1985-05-24
    Description: In a study of recombinant proteins that might be useful in developing a vaccine against malaria, synthetic peptides from the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of Plasmodium falciparum were found to be immunogenic for mice and rabbits. Antibody to peptides from the repeating region of the CS protein recognized native CS protein and blocked sporozoite invasion of human hepatoma cells in vitro. Antibodies to peptides from regions I and II had no biologic activity, although antibody to region I recognized processed CS protein by Western blot analysis. These data support the feasibility of developing a vaccine against the sporozoite stage of the malaria parasite by using synthetic peptides of the repeating region of the CS protein conjugated to a carrier protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ballou, W R -- Rothbard, J -- Wirtz, R A -- Gordon, D M -- Williams, J S -- Gore, R W -- Schneider, I -- Hollingdale, M R -- Beaudoin, R L -- Maloy, W L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):996-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2988126" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies/immunology ; Antibody Formation ; Antigens, Surface/*immunology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cell Line ; Cross Reactions ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Immune Sera/immunology ; Liver Neoplasms ; Malaria/prevention & control ; Mice ; Peptides/chemical synthesis/*immunology ; Plasmodium/immunology ; Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology/physiology ; Precipitin Tests ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Rabbits ; Vaccines/immunology
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  • 180
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-10-18
    Description: Clinical studies have suggested that excess dietary iodine promotes autoimmune thyroiditis; however, the lack of a suitable animal model has hampered investigation of the phenomenon. In this study, different amounts of potassium iodide were added to the diets of chicken strains known to be genetically susceptible to autoimmune thyroiditis. Administration of iodine during the first 10 weeks of life increased the incidence of the disease, as determined by histology and the measurement of autoantibodies to triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and thyroglobulin. Further support for the relation between iodine and autoimmune thyroiditis was provided by an experiment in which iodine-deficient regimens decreased the incidence of thyroid autoantibodies in a highly susceptible strain. These results suggest that excessive consumption of iodine in the United States may be responsible for the increased incidence of autoimmune thyroiditis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bagchi, N -- Brown, T R -- Urdanivia, E -- Sundick, R S -- AM20028/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM30975/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):325-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4048936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoantibodies/*analysis ; Autoimmune Diseases/*chemically induced ; Chickens ; Diet ; Iodine/*adverse effects ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Thyroid Gland/immunology ; Thyroiditis/*immunology
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  • 181
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-02-15
    Description: The expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms was examined in normal and dystrophic chicken muscle with a monoclonal antibody specific for neonatal myosin. Adult dystrophic muscle continued to contain neonatal myosin long after it disappeared from adult normal muscle. A new technique involving western blotting and peptide mapping demonstrated that the immunoreactive myosin in adult dystrophic muscle was identical to that found in neonatal normal muscle. Immunocytochemistry revealed that all fibers in the dystrophic muscle failed to repress neonatal myosin heavy chain. These studies suggest that muscular dystrophy inhibits the myosin gene switching that normally occurs during muscle maturation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bandman, E -- AM31731/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 15;227(4688):780-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3969567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn/physiology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Cell Differentiation ; Chickens ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Muscles/*cytology ; Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/*metabolism ; Myosins/genetics/immunology/*metabolism
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  • 182
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-09-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baltimore, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1366-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994219" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Capsid/physiology ; Picornaviridae/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Plant Viruses/ultrastructure ; Poliovirus/physiology ; RNA, Viral/physiology ; Rhinovirus/physiology ; Viral Proteins/physiology ; Virus Replication ; X-Ray Diffraction
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  • 183
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-12-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1260.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071048" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*diagnosis ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/immunology
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  • 184
    Publication Date: 1985-05-31
    Description: In this study, two glycoproteins (gp160 and gp120) that are encoded by human T-cell lymphoma virus type III (HTLV-III) were the antigens most consistently recognized by antibodies found in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and with the AIDS-related complex (ARC) and in healthy homosexual males. The techniques used to detect the glycoproteins were radioimmunoprecipitation and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (RIP/SDS-PAGE). Although most antibody-positive samples from ARC patients and from healthy homosexual males also reacted with the virus core protein p24, less than half of the AIDS patients revealed a positive band with p24 under the same conditions. The ability to detect antibodies against a profile of both the major env gene encoded antigens and the gag gene encoded antigens suggests that the RIP/SDS-PAGE may be a valuable confirmatory assay for establishing the presence or absence of antibodies to HTLV-III in human serum samples.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barin, F -- McLane, M F -- Allan, J S -- Lee, T H -- Groopman, J E -- Essex, M -- 2T32-CA09031/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 13885/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 37466/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1094-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2986291" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology/microbiology ; Antibodies, Viral/*immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; Antigens, Viral/*immunology ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Humans ; Immunologic Techniques ; Molecular Weight ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*immunology
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  • 185
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-12-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1261.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071049" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Epilepsy/*physiopathology ; Hippocampus/physiopathology
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  • 186
    Publication Date: 1985-04-19
    Description: Fossils of the late Pleistocene elk Megaloceros giganteus from Ballybetagh bog, near Dublin, Ireland, indicate that males segregated from females during winters. The segregation implies seasonal rutting and polygynous mating and is consistent with the idea that large antlers functioned for social display. Within male groups, winterkill was the chief cause of death and was highest among juveniles and small adults with small antlers. There is no evidence to support the popular conception that heavy antlers caused animals to drown or become mired.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnosky, A D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 19;228(4697):340-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17790237" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 187
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-12-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1260.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2416055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/*physiopathology ; Ion Channels/*physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; Mice ; T-Lymphocytes/*physiology
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  • 188
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-12-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1255-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Drug Industry ; Italy ; *Neurobiology ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *Universities
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  • 189
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-11-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1024-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4059920" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Communication ; Extracellular Matrix/*physiology ; Laminin/physiology ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Optic Nerve/physiology ; Peripheral Nerves/*physiology ; Silicones
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  • 190
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-12-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1261.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071050" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Neurons/cytology/*physiology
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  • 191
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bases, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):648, 650.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3887569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Free Radicals ; Humans ; Sister Chromatid Exchange ; Ultrasonography/*adverse effects
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  • 192
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-11-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baum, M J -- Carroll, R S -- Erskine, M S -- Tobet, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 22;230(4728):960-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2997925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)/*pharmacology ; Female ; *Homosexuality ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/*secretion ; Male
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  • 193
    Publication Date: 1985-11-01
    Description: Aedes triseriatus mosquitoes became dually infected after ingesting two mutants of LaCrosse (LAC) virus simultaneously or after ingesting, by interrupted feeding, the two viruses sequentially within a 2-day period. After 2 weeks of incubation, approximately 25 percent of the vectors contained new virus genotypes as the result of RNA segment reassortment. New viruses were transmitted when the mosquitoes fed on mice. Viruses ingested more than 2 days after the initial infecting virus did not cause superinfection of the mosquito vectors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beaty, B J -- Sundin, D R -- Chandler, L J -- Bishop, D H -- AI 15400/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 19688/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 1;230(4725):548-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4048949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aedes/*microbiology ; Animals ; Blood ; Bunyaviridae/*genetics ; Genotype ; Insect Vectors ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Time Factors
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  • 194
    Publication Date: 1985-07-19
    Description: Somatostatin receptor concentrations were measured in patients with Alzheimer's disease and controls. In the frontal cortex (Brodmann areas 6, 9, and 10) and temporal cortex (Brodmann area 21), the concentrations of somatostatin in receptors in the patients were reduced to approximately 50 percent of control values. A 40 percent reduction was seen in the hippocampus, while no significant changes were found in the cingulate cortex, postcentral gyrus, temporal pole, and superior temporal gyrus. Scatchard analysis showed a reduction in receptor number rather than a change in affinity. Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity was significantly reduced in both the frontal and temporal cortex. Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity was linearly related to somatostatin-receptor binding in the cortices of Alzheimer's patients. These findings may reflect degeneration of postsynaptic neurons or cortical afferents in the patients' cerebral cortices. Alternatively, decreased somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in Alzheimer's disease might indicate increased release of somatostatin and down regulation of postsynaptic receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beal, M F -- Mazurek, M F -- Tran, V T -- Chattha, G -- Bird, E D -- Martin, J B -- 1P50AG05134/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- IR23NS19867-1/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- MN/NS31862/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 19;229(4710):289-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2861661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/*analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurons/metabolism/physiology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*analysis ; Receptors, Somatostatin ; Somatostatin/metabolism/physiology ; Temporal Lobe/analysis
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  • 195
    Publication Date: 1985-05-24
    Description: Leaves and shoots of blueberries(Vaccinium spp.) and huckleberries (Gaylussacia sp.) when infected by ascospores of Monilinia spp. become ultraviolet-reflective and fragrant and secrete sugars at their lesions. Insects that normally pollinate these hosts are attracted to the discolored leaves, ingest the sugars, and transmit conidia to their flowers, resulting in sclerotia (mummy-berry) formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Batra, L R -- Batra, S W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):1011-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17797664" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 196
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beer, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):65-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17811564" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 197
    Publication Date: 1985-10-25
    Description: In cells of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii y-1 kept in the dark, 1,7-phenanthroline stimulated the conversion of protochlorophyllide to chlorophyllide b. A membrane fraction was obtained from degreened cells that was active in this conversion only when phenanthroline was present. Untreated cells excreted protochlorophyllide, which was used as substrate for this in vitro reaction. This system may provide a clue to how chlorophyllide b is synthesized in plant cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bednarik, D P -- Hoober, J K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 25;230(4724):450-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17816078" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 198
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-10-11
    Description: Despite the dominant position of silicon in semiconductor electronics, its use is ultimately limited by its incompatibility with other semiconducting materials. Strained-layer epitaxy overcomes problems of crystallographic compatibility and produces high-quality heterostructures of germanium-silicon layers on silicon. This opens the door to a range of electronic and photonic devices that are based on bandstructure physics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bean, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 11;230(4722):127-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17842673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 199
    Publication Date: 1985-08-09
    Description: Fifteen independently isolated complementary DNA clones that contain T-cell receptor (TCR) V beta genes were sequenced and found to represent 11 different V beta genes. When compared with known sequences, 14 different V beta genes could be defined from a total of 25 complementary DNA's; 11 clones therefore involved repeated usage of previously identified V beta's. Based on these data, we calculate a maximum likelihood estimate of the number of expressed germline V beta genes to be 18 with an upper 95 percent confidence bound of 30 genes. Southern blot analysis has shown that most of these genes belong to single element subfamilies which show very limited interstrain polymorphism. The TCR beta-chain diversity appears to be generated from a limited V beta gene pool primarily by extensive variability at the variable-diversity-joining (V-D-J) junctional site, with no evidence for the involvement of somatic hypermutation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Behlke, M A -- Spinella, D G -- Chou, H S -- Sha, W -- Hartl, D L -- Loh, D Y -- GM07200/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):566-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3875151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dna ; Gene Pool ; *Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Hybridomas ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/genetics ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Mice, Inbred Strains/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Spleen ; T-Lymphocytes ; Thymus Gland
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 200
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-04-26
    Description: Multis are a new class of computers based on multiple microprocessors. The small size, low cost, and high performance of microprocessors allow the design and construction of computer structures that offer significant advantages in manufacture, price-performance ratio, and reliability over traditional computer families. Currently, commercial multis consist of 4 to 28 modules, which include microprocessors, common memories, and input-output devices, all of which communicate through a single set of wires called a bus. Adding microprocessors together increases the performance of multis in direct proportion to their price and allows multis to offer a performance range that spans that of small minicomputers to mainframe computers. Multis are commercially available for applications ranging from real-time industrial control to transaction processing. Traditional batch, time-sharing, and transaction systems process a number of independent jobs that can be distributed among the microprocessors of a multi with a resulting increased throughput (number of jobs completed per unit of time). Many scientific applications (such as the solving of partial differential equations) and engineering applications (such as the checking of integrated circuit designs) are speeded up by this parallel computation; thus, multis produce results at supercomputer speed but at a fraction of the cost. Multis are likely to be the basis for the next, the fifth, generation of computers-a generation based on parallel processing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bell, C G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 26;228(4698):462-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17746876" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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