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  • Other Sources  (338)
  • NONMETALLIC MATERIALS  (338)
  • 1980-1984  (338)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1983  (178)
  • 1982  (160)
  • 1
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    Shuttle tile environments and loads (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The Shuttle tile ascent environments are discussed and the procedures used to convert these environments into tile loads are outlined. Testing which was performed to quantify or verify the loads are discussed, along with the load combination rationale which was used. The discussion of the ascent environment is limited to the transonic/supersonic portion of the mission since mechanical design loads occur during this time, and to specific regions of the vehicle, in particular those regions in which undensified critical (black) tiles are located.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Shock and Vibration Inform. Center The Shock and Vibration Bull., No. 52. Part 2; p 111-125
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  • 2
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    Structural characteristics of the shuttle orbiter ceramic thermal protection system (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The thermal protection system (TPS) of the Space Shuttle Orbiter is described as well as the results of dynamic reponse studies conducted in support of the efforts to certify the TPS for flight. The ceramic Thermal Protection System consists of ceramic tiles bonded to felt pads which are in turn bonded to the Orbiter substructure to protect the aluminum substructure from the heat of reentry.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Shock and Vibration Inform. Center The Shock and Vibration Bull., No. 52. Part 2; p 101-110
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  • 3
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    Fibrous ceramic insulation (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-12
    Description: Some of the reusable heat shielding materials used to protect the Space Shuttles, their manufacturing processes, properties, and applications are discussed. Emphases is upon ceramic materials. Space Shuttle Orbiter tiles are discussed.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center Advan. Mater. Technol.; p 261-274
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  • 4
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    Polymer research at NASA Langley Research Center (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-12
    Description: Polymer synthesis programs involve the development of Novel thermoplastics, pseudothermoplastics, and thermosets. These systems are prepared to elucidate structure-property relationships involving thermal capabilities, toughness, processability and environmental stability. Easily processable polyimides, solvent-resistant polysulfones and polyphenylquinoxalines, and tougher high and intermediate temperature polymers were developed. Characterization efforts included high pressure liquid chromatography methodology, the development of toughness tests for fiber reinforced composites, a study of electrical properties of metal ion filled polyimides, and a study of the mutagenicity of aromatic diamines. Also the mechanism of cure/degradation of experimental polymers was studied by rheology, mechanical behavior, separation techniques and spectroscopy. The degradative crosslinking of alkyl-containing polyimides, the separation and identification of crosslinked phenylquinoxalines, the rheological behavior of hot-melt polyimides, and the elucidation of the cure of norbornene endcapped imides were also studied.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Advan. Mater. Technol.; p 29-48
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  • 5
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    Polymer materials research at NASA Ames Research Center (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-12
    Description: Polymers that provide significant improvements in both efficiency and safety for civilian transport aircraft and military combat aircraft were developed. High strength to weight structures such as carbon fiber composites with long term durability are requirements common to both classes of aircraft. Aircraft safety improvements in fire resistance and crashworthiness of primary and secondary structures are long term objectives for transport aircraft. Void filler ballistic foams, intumescent coatings, and radiation-resistant transparent plastics contribute to vulnerability reduction in combat military aircraft. Low and high velocity impact tolerance, fire resistance, thermal stability, and long term durability of polymers and components are emphasized.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center Advan. Mater. Technol.; p 49-64
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  • 6
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    Synthesis of aminosilane and aromatic diamine intermediates for polymerization (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The preparation of monomers for use in a study to improve properties of epoxy polymers and silicone elastomers is described. Various approaches to the solution of the synthesis of aminosilane and diamine curing agents were examined. Ortho-, meta-, and para-substituted diamines where X is CH2, C(CH3)2, O, S, NH, or SO2 and n = 0, 1, 2, and 3 were investigated.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: The 1981 NASA(ASEE Summer Fac. Fellowship Program; 9 p
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  • 7
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    Development of high strength, high temperature ceramics (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Improvement in the high-pressure turbopumps, both fuel and oxidizer, in the Space Shuttle main engine were considered. The operation of these pumps is limited by temperature restrictions of the metallic components used in these pumps. Ceramic materials that retain strength at high temperatures and appear to be promising candidates for use as turbine blades and impellers are discussed. These high strength materials are sensitive to many related processing parameters such as impurities, sintering aids, reaction aids, particle size, processing temperature, and post thermal treatment. The specific objectives of the study were to: (1) identify and define the processing parameters that affect the properties of Si3N4 ceramic materials, (2) design and assembly equipment required for processing high strength ceramics, (3) design and assemble test apparatus for evaluating the high temperature properties of Si3N4, and (4) conduct a research program of manufacturing and evaluating Si3N4 materials as applicable to rocket engine applications.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Alabama Univ. in Huntsville The 1981 NASA(ASEE Summer Fac. Fellowship Program; 11 p
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  • 8
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    Development of toughened epoxy polymers for high performance composite and ablative applications (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: A survey of current procedures for the assessment of state of cure in epoxy polymers and for the evaluation of polymer toughness as related to nature of the crosslinking agent was made to facilitate a cause-effect study of the chemical modification of epoxy polymers. Various conformations of sample morphology were examined to identify testing variables and to establish optimum conditions for the selected physical test methods. Dynamic viscoelasticity testing was examined in conjunction with chemical analyses to allow observation of the extent of the curing reaction with size of the crosslinking agent the primary variable. Specifically the aims of the project were twofold: (1) to consider the experimental variables associated with development of "extent of cure" analysis, and (2) to assess methodology of fracture energy determination and to prescribe a meaningful and reproducible procedure. The following is separated into two categories for ease of presentation.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Alabama Univ. in Huntsville The 1981 NASA(ASEE Summer Fac. Fellowship Program; 17 p
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  • 9
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    Polymer matrix composites research at NASA Lewis Research Center (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-12
    Description: The in situ polymerization of monomer reactants (PMR) approach was demonstrated to be a powerful approach for solving many of the processing difficulties associated with the use of high temperature resistant polymers as matrix resins in high performance composites. The PMR-15 polyimide provides the best overall balance of processing characteristics and elevated temperature properties. The excellent properties and commercial availability of composite materials based on PMR-15 led to their acceptance as viable engineering materials. The PMR-15 composites are used to produce a variety of high quality structural components.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center Advan. Mater. Technol.; p 65-90
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  • 10
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    Corrosion protection coating (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA Technol. Appl. Team; p 40
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  • 11
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    Ion beam deposition of amorphous carbon films with diamond like properties (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Carbon films were deposited on silicon, quartz, and potassium bromide substrates from an ion beam. Growth rates were approximately 0.3 micron/hour. The films were featureless and amorphous and contained only carbon and hydrogen in significant amounts. The density and carbon/hydrogen ratio indicate the film is a hydrogen deficient polymer. One possible structure, consistent with the data, is a random network of methylene linkages and tetrahedrally coordinated carbon atoms.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 12
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    Surface crystallization of a fluoride glass (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Growth of crystals on the surface of a Zr-Ba-La fluoride glass was observed by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Small, dark crystal nucleated rapidly and grew to a size of about 10 microns; then they stopped growing, and wrinkled regions emerged, covering the entire crystal surface.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: American Ceramic Society, Communications (ISSN 0002-7820); 66; C-132
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  • 13
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    Thermal oxidative degradation reactions of linear perfluoroalkyl ethers (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Thermal and thermal oxidative stability studies were performed on linear perfluoroalkyl ether fluids. The effect on degradation by metal catalysts and degradation inhibitors is reported. The linear perfluoroalkyl ethers are inherently unstable at 316 C in an oxidizing atmosphere. The metal catalysts greatly increased the rate of degradation in oxidizing atmospheres. In the presence of these metals in an oxidizing atmosphere, the degradation inhibitors were highly effective in arresting degradation at 288 C. However, the inhibitors had only limited effectiveness at 316 C. The metals promote degradation by chain scission. Based on elemental analysis and oxygen consumption data, the linear perfluoroalkyl ether fluids have a structural arrangement based on difluoroformyl and tetrafluoroethylene oxide units, with the former predominating. Previously announced in STAR as N82-26468
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: I&EC - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Product Research and Development (ISSN 0196-4321); 22; 166-170
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  • 14
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    Fracture mechanics of cellular glass (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The fracture mechanics of cellular glasses (for the structural substrate of mirrored glass for solar concentrator reflecting panels) are discussed. Commercial and developmental cellular glasses were tested and analyzed using standard testing techniques and models developed from linear fracture mechanics. Two models describing the fracture behavior of these materials were developed. Slow crack growth behavior in cellular glass was found to be more complex than that encountered in dense glasses or ceramics. The crack velocity was found to be strongly dependent upon water vapor transport to the tip of the moving crack. The existence of a static fatigue limit was not conclusively established, however, it is speculated that slow crack growth behavior in Region 1 may be slower, by orders of magnitude, than that found in dense glasses. Previously announced in STAR as N82-11209
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 15
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    Simulated space radiation effects on dielectrics and coatings (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Simulation tests of space radiation have been performed for specific organic and inorganic materials. The test results for fifteen materials exposed to protons and five exposed to electrons are presented.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-30; 4090-409
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  • 16
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    The effect of annealing on the creep of plasma-sprayed ceramics (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The creep of plasma sprayed ZrO2-8Y2O3 was measured at temperatures from 98 to 1250 C (180 to 220 F), and compared to creep of identical samples after annealing at temperatures from 98 to 1316 C (1800 to 2400 F). Loads and temperatures which produced significant creep of as sprayed ceramics produced no creep after annealing. Previously announced in STAR as N83-24799
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings (ISSN 0196-6219); 4; 819-827
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  • 17
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    Residual stress in plasma-sprayed ceramic turbine tip and gas-path seal specimens (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The residual stresses in a ceramic sheet material used for turbine blade tip gas path seals, were estimated. These stresses result from the plasma spraying process which leaves the surface of the sheet in tension. To determine the properties of plasma sprayed ZrO2-Y2O3 sheet material, its load deflection characteristics were measured. Estimates of the mechanical properties for sheet materials were found to differ from those reported for plasma sprayed bulk materials. Previously announced in STAR as N83-28380
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings (ISSN 0196-6219); 4; 802-809
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  • 18
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    Correlation of compressive and shear stress with spalling of plasma-sprayed ceramic materials (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Ceramics on metal substrates for potential use as high temperature seals or other applications are exposed to forces originating from differences in thermal expansion between the ceramic and the metal substrate. This report develops a relationship between the difference in expansion of the ceramic and the substrate, defines conditions under which shear between the ceramic and the substrate occurs, and those under which bending forces are produced in the ceramic. The off-axis effect of compression forces resulting from high temperature plastic flow of the ceramic producing buckling of the ceramic is developed. Shear is associated with the edge or boundary stresses on the component while bending is associated with the distortion of an interior region. Both modes are significant in predicting life of the ceramic. Previously announced in STAR as N83-27016
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings (ISSN 0196-6219); 4; 810-818
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  • 19
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    Ultrasonic mixing of epoxy curing agents (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A new technique for mixing solid curing agents into liquid epoxy resins using ultrasonic energy was developed. This procedure allows standard curing agents such as 4,4 prime-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (4,4 prime-DDS) and its 3,3 prime-isomer, (3,3 prime-DDS) to be mixed without prior melting of the curing agent. It also allows curing agents with very high melt temperatures such as 4,4 prime-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (4,4 prime-DDS) and its 3,3 prime-isomer, (3,3 prime-DDS) to be mixed without prior melting of the curing agent. It also allows curing agents with very high melt temperatures such as 4,4 prime-diaminobenzophenone (4,4 prime-DABP) (242 C) to be mixed without premature curing. Four aromatic diamines were ultrasonically blended into MY-720 epoxy resin. These were 4, 4 prime-DDS; 3,3 prime-DDA; 4, 4 prime-DABP and 3,3 prime-DABP. Unfilled moldings were cast and cured for each system and their physical and mechanical properties compared. Previously announced in STAR as N83-27018
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: SAMPE Quarterly (ISSN 0036-0821); 14; 46-50
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  • 20
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    Hardness of dense beta-Si3N4 (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The effects of small changes in the concentration of an oxygen content densification aid on the room temperature microhardness of hot isostatically pressed and sintered beta-Si3N4 ceramics are studied. The compositions studied were Si3N4 containing 7 wt. pct BeSiN2, a fixed nonoxide densification aid, and 1.9-3.7 wt. pct oxygen as a second, variable densification aid. A proportional relationship between high density and high oxygen content, regardless of heat treatment type, is noted.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Journal of Materials Science Letters (ISSN 0261-8028); 2; 657-659
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  • 21
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    Stability of silica heat shield materials in the Space Shuttle environment (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Sample tiles of Space Shuttle reusable surface insulation (RSI) and fibrous refractory composite insulation (FRCI) have been alternately exposed to simulated mission heating and the Kennedy Space Center launch-pad environment for up to 50 cycles. The two types of tiles were coated with an identical glass composition. The coating on RSI tiles was prone to cracking in the test environment while the same coating on FRCI was not. Absorption of water contaminated with environmental deposits resulted in accelerated devitrification in the RSI tiles. Devitrification in FRCI tiles was significantly less. The rate of environmental degradation of tiles appeared to be dependent on the amount of water absorption.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings (ISSN 0196-6219); 4; 564-577
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  • 22
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    Surface chemistry, friction, and wear of Ni-Zn and Mn-Zn ferrites in contact with metals (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: X-ray photoelectron and Auger electron spectroscopy analysis were used in sliding friction experiments. These experiments were conducted with hot-pressed polycrystalline Ni-Zn and Mn-Zn ferrites, and single-crystal Mn-Zn ferrite in contact with various transition metals at room temperature in both vacuum and argon. The results indicate that Ni2O3 and Fe3O4 were present on the Ni-Zn ferrite surface in addition to the nominal bulk constituents, while MnO2 and Fe3O4 were present on the Mn-Zn ferrite surface in addition to the nominal bulk constituents. The coefficients of friction for the ferrites in contact with metals were related to the relative chemical activity of these metals. The more active the metal, the higher is the coefficient of friction. The coefficients of friction for the ferrites were correlated with the free energy of formation of the lowest metal oxide. The interfacial bond can be regarded as a chemical bond between the metal atoms and the oxygen anions in the ferrite surfaces. The adsorption of oxygen on clean metal and ferrite does strengthen the metal-ferrite contact and increase the friction. The ferrites exhibit local cracking and fracture with sliding under adhesive conditions. All the metals transferred to the surfaces of the ferrites in sliding. Previously announced in STAR as N83-19901
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings (ISSN 0196-6219); 4; 674-693
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  • 23
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    Shrinkage of amorphous silica fibers (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: By the application of a new technique, the viscosity of amorphous silica fibers was determined in the 1100-1350 C temperature range. An equation was derived that describes the kinetics of shrinkage of the fibers in terms of their radius, viscosity, and surface tension.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings (ISSN 0196-6219); 4; 492-501
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  • 24
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    Phase distributions in plasma-sprayed zirconia-yttria (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The distribution of phases in plasma-sprayed zirconia-yttria has been determined over a range of yttria levels from 0 to 26.1 molpct YO(1.5) using room temperature X-ray diffractometry. Pure, plasma-sprayed zirconia is composed almost entirely of the monoclinic phase. At levels of yttria between 4 and 10 percent, a quenched-in tetragonal phase predominates, and at higher levels the cubic phase predominates. The phase distributions are compared with previously reported test lives of thermal barrier coatings formed from these materials. Regions of optimal lives were found to correlate with regions having high amounts of the tetragonal phase, small but nonzero amounts of the monoclinic phase, and little or none of the cubic phase. Possible relationships between phase composition and coating performance are discussed.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: American Ceramic Society Bulletin (ISSN 0002-7812); 62; 1355-135
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  • 25
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    Development of plane strain fracture toughness test for ceramics using Chevron notched specimens (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Chevron-notched four-point-bend and short-bar specimens have been used to determine the fracture toughness of sintered aluminum oxide and hot-pressed silicon nitride ceramics. The fracture toughness for Si3N4 is found to be essentially independent of the specimen size and chevron notch configuration, with values ranging from 4.6 to 4.9 MNm exp -3/2. In contrast, significant specimen size and notch geometry effects have been observed for Al2O3, with the fracture toughness ranging from 3.1 to 4.7 MNm exp -3/2. These effects are attributed to a rising crack growth resistance curve for the Al2O3 tested.
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  • 26
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    Microstructural characterization of SiC (SCS) filaments (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Microstructural features of SiC('SCS') fibers demonstrating growth properties have been investigated using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. An etchant of fused KOH:KNO3 was developed which adequately brought out previously undetermined features.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: SAMPE Quarterly (ISSN 0036-0821); 14; 39-45
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  • 27
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    Morphological and frictional behavior of sputtered MoS2 films (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: (Previously announced in STAR as N82-22387)
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 28
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    Study of molecular deformation mechanisms in the glassy state. I - Temperature effect on stress-birefringence and strain-birefringence responses of poly(methyl methacrylate) (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition (ISSN 0098-1273); 21; 1647-166
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  • 29
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    Electrically conductive black optical paint (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: An electrically conductive flat black paint has been developed for use on the Galileo spacecraft which will orbit Jupiter in the late 1980s. The paint, designed for equipment operating in high-energy radiation fields, has multipurpose functions. Its electrical conductivity keeps differential charging of the spacecraft external surfaces and equipment to a minimum, preventing the buildup of electrostatic fields and arcing. Its flat black aspect minimizes the effects of stray light and unwanted reflectances, when used in optical instruments and on sunshades. Its blackness is suitable, also, for thermal control, when the paint is put on spacecraft surfaces. The paint has good adherence properties, as measured by tape tests, when applied properly to a surface. The electrically conductive paint which was developed has the following characteristics: an electrical resistivity of 5 x 10 to the 7th ohms per square; a visual light total reflectance of approximately 5 percent; an infrared reflectance of 0.13 measured over a spectrum from 10 to the (-5.5) power to 0.001 meter; a solar absorptivity, alpha-s, of 0.93, and a thermal emissivity, epsilon, of 0.87, resulting in an alpha-s/epsilon of 1.07. The formula for making the paint and the process for applying it are described.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 30
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    Characteristics of Si3N4-SiO2-Ce2O3 compositions sintered in high-pressure nitrogen (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Full-density Si3N4-SiO2-Ce2O3 compositions were prepared by sintering with 2.5 MPa nitrogen pressure at temperatures of 1900 and 2090 C. Room-temperature flexural strengths near 700 MPa for sintered material compared favorably with the strength of hot-pressed material. At 1370 C, where flexural strengths as high as 363 MPa were obtained, it was observed that the coarsest structure was the strongest and the finest structure was the weakest. One of the compositions tested, Si3N4-8.7 wt pct SiO2-8.3 wt pct-Ce2O3, was found to have excellent 200-h oxidation resistance at 700, 1000, and 1370 C, without incidence of 700 to 1000 C phase instability and cracking.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: American Ceramic Society, Journal (ISSN 0002-7820); 66; 835-841
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  • 31
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    Performance of laser-glazed zirconia thermal barrier coatings in cyclic oxidation and corrosion burner rig tests (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: (Previously announced in STAR as N82-22346)
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 32
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    Some properties of r.f.-sputtered hafnium nitride coatings (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: (Previously announced in STAR as N82-21331)
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 33
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    Sputtered silicon nitride coatings for wear protection (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: (Previously announced in STAR as N82-20314)
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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    The combined effects of Fe and H2 on the nitridation of silicon (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: In view of the support offered by previous work for the suggestion that Fe may affect alpha-Si3N4 formation and microstructural development, a two-part study was conducted to differentiate the effects of H2 and Fe in, first, the nitridation of pure and of Fe-containing powder in N2 and N2-4% H2, and then the nitridation of (1 1 1) Si single crystal wafers with and without Fe powder on the surface. The degree of nitridation is most strongly affected by H2 at 1200 C, but by Fe at 1375 C, where Fe-containing samples in either atmosphere were almost completely nitrided. While neither H2 nor Fe alone changed the ratio of alpha-Si3N4 to beta-Si3N4, the combination of H2 and Fe increased it at both temperatures.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Journal of Materials Science Letters; 1; Aug. 198
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  • 35
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    Experimental studies of the vapor phase nucleation of refractory compounds. I - The condensation of SiO (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The critical partial pressure of SiO necessary to initiate avalanche nucleation in the SiO-H2 system is measured as a function of the ambient temperature in the range 750-1000 K. Results show that the condensate produced at low temperatures is Si2O3, while a mixture of Si2O3 and amorphous SiO2 is produced at high temperatures. A surface energy of approximately 500 ergs/sq cm for the particles is found by analyzing the critical partial pressure vs temperature using classical nucleation theory. It is concluded that classical nucleation theory is not applicable to this system, because several inconsistencies in the thermodynamic analysis are demonstrated, and it is suggested that a kinetic theory of nucleation may be the preferential way to describe the condensation process.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Journal of Chemical Physics; 77; Sept. 1
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  • 36
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    Compliance calibration of the short rod chevron-notch specimen for fracture toughness testing of brittle materials (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The short rod chevron-notch specimen has the advantages of (1) crack development at the chevron tip during the early stage of test loading, and (2) convenient calculation of plane-strain fracture toughness from the maximum test load and from a calibration factor which depends only on the specimen geometry and manner of loading. For generalized application, calibration of the specimen over a range of specimen proportions and chevron-notch configurations is necessary. Such was the objective of this investigation, wherein calibration of the short rod specimen was made by means of experimental compliance measurements converted into dimensionless stress intensity factor coefficients.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: International Journal of Fracture; 18; Feb. 198
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  • 37
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    Dynamics of solid dispersions in oil during the lubrication of point contacts. II - Molybdenum disulfide (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: (Previously announced in STAR as N81-20275)
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 38
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    Test methodology for evaluation of fireworthy aircraft seat cushions (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Aircraft seat materials were evaluated in terms of their thermal performance. The materials were evaluated using (a) thermogravimetric analysis, (b) differential scanning calorimetry, (c) a modified NBS smoke chamber to determine the rate of mass loss and (d) the NASA T-3 apparatus to determine the thermal efficiency. In this paper, the modified NBS smoke chamber will be described in detail since it provided the most conclusive results. The NBS smoke chamber was modified to measure the weight loss of materials when exposed to a radiant heat source over the range of 2.5 to 7.5 W/cm sq. This chamber has been utilized to evaluate the thermal performance of various heat blocking layers utilized to protect the polyurethane cushioning foam used in aircraft seats. Various kinds of heat blocking layers were evaluated by monitoring the weight loss of miniature seat cushions when exposed to the radiant heat. The effectiveness of aluminized heat blocking systems was demonstrated when compared to conventional heat blocking layers such as neoprene. All heat blocking systems showed good fire protection capabilities when compared to the state-of-the-art, i.e., wool-nylon over polyurethane foam.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Journal of Fire and Flammability; 13; Jan. 198
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  • 39
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    Microstructure and property characterization of sintered Si3N4, SiC, and SiAlON (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Commercially-produced, pressureless sintered Si3N4, SiC, and SiAlON were characterized with respect to density, phases present, bend strength, and oxidation resistance. The room-temperature bend strengths of sintered Si3N4, SiC, and SiAlON are comparable. However, the room-temperature strengths are much lower (approximately 40 to 50%) than the room-temperature strength of hot-pressed Si3N4 (NC-132). The strength loss in Si3N4 and SiAlON materials at high temperature was attributed to a viscous grain-boundary phase, retained during cooling from the sintering temperature. The oxidation resistance of sintered alpha-SiC was the best of any materials tested.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: American Ceramic Society; vol. 65
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  • 40
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    Molecular deformation and stress-strain behavior of poly(bisphenol-A-diphenyl sulfone) (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The strain-birefringence response of poly(bisphenol-A-diphenyl sulfone) is found to be independent of temperature at temperatures below -100 C; at higher temperatures, the response becomes slightly dependent on temperature, with lower birefringence seen at higher temperatures. The stress-strain behavior and the stress-birefringence response both depend on temperature over the entire testing temperature range (-179 C to 150 C) studied; this dependence, however, is not pronounced. The evidence is seen as suggesting that the polymer molecules respond to deformation by undergoing conformational rearrangements; the mode of the molecular deformation remains unchanged for temperatures of -100 C or lower. At higher temperatures, the average length of the chain segments involved in the rearrangement increases. The stress-strain response is attributed mainly to chain orientation. The entropic contribution deriving from chain orientation at temperatures below -100 C is still substantial. The modest temperature dependence of the stress-strain response suggests that the energy barriers for the chain segments involved in the rearrangement are relatively low.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Journal of Applied Physics (ISSN 0021-8979); 54; Oct. 198
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  • 41
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    Photothermal degradation of ethylene/vinylacetate copolymer (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Photothermal degradation studies were conducted on a 'stabilized' formulation of ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) in the temperature range 25-105 C under three different oxygen environments (in open air, with limited access to O2, and in a dark closed stagnant oven). These studies were performed in order to evaluate the utility of EVA as an encapsulation material for photovoltaic modules. Results showed that at low temperature (25 C), slow photooxidation of the polymer occurred via electronic energy transfer involving the UV absorber incorporated in the polymer. However, no changes in the physical properties of the bulk polymer were detected up to 1500 hours of irradiation. At elevated temperatures, leaching and evaporation of the additives occurred, which ultimately resulted in the chemical crosslinking of the copolymer and the formation of volatile photoproducts such as acetic acid.
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  • 42
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    The structure of boron in boron fibres (1983)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The structure of noncrystalline, chemically vapour-deposited boron fibres was investigated by computer modelling the experimentally obtained X-ray diffraction patterns. The diffraction patterns from the models were computed using the Debye scattering equation. The modelling was done utilizing the minimum nearest-neighbour distance, the density of the model, and the broadening and relative intensity of the various peaks as boundary conditions. The results suggest that the fibres consist of a continuous network of randomly oriented regions of local atomic order, about 2 nm in diameter, containing boron atoms arranged in icosahedra. Approximately half of these regions have a tetragonal structure and the remaining half a distorted rhombohedral structure. The model also indicates the presence of many partial icosahedra and loose atoms not associated with any icosahedra. The partial icosahedra and loose atoms indicated in the present model are in agreement with the relaxing sub-units which have been suggested to explain the anelastic behavior of fibre boron and the loosely bound boron atoms which have been postulated to explain the strengthening mechanism in boron fibres during thermal treatment.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Journal of Materials Science (ISSN 0022-2461); 18; Sept
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  • 43
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    A new brominated polymeric additive for flame retardant glass-filled polybutylene terephthalate (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Attention is called to the undesirable effects (poor ultraviolet light stability and blooming) sometimes introduced by brominated flame retarders. A brominated polymeric additive (BPA) with little or none of these undesirable side effects is compared with decabromobiphenyl oxide (DBBPO). The additive bears the product name F-2300. It is found to be more easily dispersed than DBBPO. The F-2300 is as effective as the DBBPO in the oxygen index test. The improved efficiency of the F-2300 may be explained by its better dispersion in polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). Glass-filled PBT containing F-2300 is found to be more resistant to UV degradation than DBBPO-containing formulas. Formulations with F-2300 therefore have a longer useful outdoor life. F-2300 is a diglycidyl-type polymer containing 50 percent aromatically bound bromine. Its melting point is 112 C, and it is stable up to 372 C. It is pointed out that since its melts at a relatively low temperature, it can be introduced into the formulation as a large agglomerate and still be dispersed evenly throughout the polymer.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Journal of Fire Retardant Chemistry; 9; Aug. 198
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  • 44
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    Lower-curing-temperature PMR polyimides (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Partial substitution of a p-aminostyrene end-cap for the monomethyl ester of 5-norbornene-2, 3-dicarboxylic acid lowered the final cure temperature of typical PMR resins from 600 F to 500 F. The weight loss characteristics of neat resins and graphite fiber composites prepared by using the mixed end-cap approach were determined at 600 F. The room temperature and short-time elevated temperature mechanical properties of the composites at 550 F and 600 F were determined. The mechanical property retention characteristics of the composites at 550 F and 600 F are discussed. Previously announced in STAR as N83-10118
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Polymer Composites (ISSN 0272-8397); 4; July 198
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  • 45
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    Dynamic fatigue of a machinable glass-ceramic (1983)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: To assess the stress-corrosion susceptibility of a machinable glass-ceramic, its dynamic fatigue behavior was investigated by measuring its strength as a function of stress rate. Fracture mechanics techniques were used to analyze the results for the purpose of making lifetime predictions for components of this material. This material was concluded to have only moderate resistance (N = 30) to stress corrosion in ambient conditions. The effects of specimen size on strength were assessed for the material used in this study; it was concluded that the Weibull edge-flaw scaling law adequately describes the observed strength-size relation.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: (ISSN 0002-7820)
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  • 46
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    Experimental determination of vapor species from laser-ablated carbon phenolic composites (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Previosuly cited in issue 17, p. 2910, Accession no. A81-39069
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: (ISSN 0001-1452)
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  • 47
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    XPS, AES and friction studies of single-crystal silicon carbide (1982)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The surface chemistry and friction behavior of a single crystal silicon carbide surface parallel to the 0001 plane in sliding contact with iron at various temperatures to 1500 C in a vacuum of 3 x 10 nPa are investigated using X-ray photoelectron and Auger electron spectroscopy. Results show that graphite and carbide-type carbon are seen primarily on the silicon carbide surface in addition to silicon at temperatures to 800 C by both types of spectroscopy. The coefficients of friction for iron sliding against a silicon carbide surface parallel to the 0001 plane surface are found to be high at temperatures up to 800 C, with the silicon and carbide-type carbon at maximum intensity in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at 800 C. The concentration of the graphite increases rapidly on the surface as the temperature is increased above 800 C, while the concentrations of the carbide-type carbon and silicon decrease rapidly and this presence of graphite is accompanied by a significant decrease in friction. Preheating the surfaces to 1500 C also gives dramatically lower coefficients of friction when reheating in the sliding temperature range of from room temperature to 1200 C, with this reduction in friction due to the graphite layer on the silicon carbide surface.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Applications of Surface Science (ISSN 0378-5963); 10; 1982
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  • 48
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    Surface analyses of carbon fibers produced from polyacrylonitrile fibers at low carbonization temperatures (1983)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A process for producing carbon fibers from polyacrylonitrile at low carbonization temperatures was studied. The bulk and surface properties of fibers obtained after reaction with benzoic acid, air and carbonizing in nitrogen or a dilute acetylene atmosphere are discussed. All fiber products had different surface and internal compositions. Samples produced at temperatures up to 950 C and carbonized in nitrogen contained substantial quantities of nitrogen and oxygen at the surface. During carbonization, the surface nitrogen converted into two new forms, possibly nitrile and an azo or a new carbon-nitrogen bond. Samples carbonized in acetylene contained a carbon-rich surface stable to oxidation.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Textile Research Journal (ISSN 0040-5175); 53; July 198
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  • 49
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    Cavitation erosion characteristics of poly(methyl methacrylate) in a rotating disk device (1983)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The cavitation erosion behavior including the initiation, dynamics and mechanism of damage process on perspex and epoxy resin specimens tested in a rotating disk device were discussed with respect to exposure time. The inception of erosion always took place at the location nearest to the center of rotation of the disk. Subsequently, as exposure time increased, erosion initiated at other locations as well. Light optical photographs and scanning electron micrographs clearly indicate that most of the material loss appears to occur form the networks of cracks due to their interaction and pits indicate particle debris. The optical degradation (loss of transmittance) on perspex was observed to be more on the rear side than on the front side. Previously announced in STAR as N83-11329
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: (ISSN 0043-1648)
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  • 50
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    Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Aromatic Siloxane Polymers (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-11
    Description: Silphenylene-siloxane polymers can be prepared by a condensation reaction of a diol 1,4-bis(hydroxydimethylsilyl)benzene and a silane bis(dimethylamino)dimethylsilane. Using a stepwise condensation technique, a polymer (R=CH3) with a molecular weight in excess of 1.0 x 1 million has been produced. The polymer exhibits increased thermal stability, compared to a methyl siloxane polymer without the aromatic phenyl ring in the backbone. The use of bis(dimethylamino)methylvinylsilane should allow for ready crosslinking at the vinyl sites (R=-CH=CH2) introduced into the backbone. However, under the conditions of the reaction system a high molecular weight polymer was not obtained or the polymer underwent a crosslinking process during the synthesis.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Alabama Univ. Res. Rept.: 1983 NASA(ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program; 13 p
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  • 51
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    Charging and discharging characteristics of dielectric materials exposed to low- and mid-energy electrons (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Charging and discharging characteristics of dielectric samples exposed to 1-25 keV and 25-100 keV electrons in a laboratory environment are reported. The materials examined comprised OSR, Mylar, Kapton, perforated Kapton, and Alphaquartz, serving as models for materials employed on spacecraft in geosynchronous orbit. The tests were performed in a vacuum chamber with electron guns whose beams were rastered over the entire surface of the planar samples. The specimens were examined in low-impedance-grounded, high-impedance-grounded, and isolated configurations. The worst-case and average peak discharge currents were observed to be independent of the incident electron energy, the time-dependent changes in the worst case discharge peak current were independent of the energy, and predischarge surface potentials are negligibly dependent on incident monoenergetic electrons.
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  • 52
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    Laser processing (1982)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Progress in the Progress ceramic materials is reported. Experiments and models for sintering and microstructure evolution are described. Models and data for understanding the kinetics of grain boundary motion and of pore coarsening and new materials for fuel cells and batteries; are developed. New experimental techniques using lasers for forming fine, monosized powders and for forming stable and metastable structures from liquids, and solar materials research are also developed. Colloidal science and ceramics processing are explored; and research programs on the presintering science necessary for controlled green microstructures are outlined.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: The Mater. Process. Res. Base of the Mater. Process. Center; p 198-209
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  • 53
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    Evaluation of waveguide coating materials (1982)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Waveguide coating materials were tested at 8470 MHz for insertion loss. Samples of these coatings on waveguide pieces without flanges were tested in an environmental chamber to simulate the effects of high power microwave heating. Test results indicated that three types of coating materials are acceptable with regard to insertion loss. However, simulated microwave heating caused debonding of Metcot 7 and BD-991 coatings, resulting in peelings in the waveguide. The higher cost Chemglaze R104 does not exhibit this problem.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: The Telecommun. and Data Acquisition Rept.; p 68-71
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  • 54
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    Numerical modeling and optimization of polymer melt processing operations (1982)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The application of finite element computer analyses to polymer flows of the type encountered in melt processing operations is described. A code capable of predicting values of fluid veleocity, pressure, shear stress, and temperature at any point within the flow field was developed. As such, is is of value in diagnosing such processing problems as regions of fluid stagnation at which thermal degradation may occur, or regions of excessive shear deformation which lead to thermomechanical damage. It is further able to generate predictions of the forces which must be applied to the melt to achieve the desired flow, and this information is of value in designing processing equipment of optimal efficiency and minimum energy consumption.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: The Mater. Process. Res. Base of the Mater. Process. Center; p 117-119
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  • 55
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    Rapid quenching effects in glassy polymers (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Using a specially constructed microbalance for hydrostatic weighing, density changes in PVC thin film due to rapid quenching through the glass transition temperature were observed. The more severe the quench, the greater the free volume content. Isobaric volume recovery of PVC was also studied by volume dilatometry. Both show aging of relaxing molecular rearrangements taking place as a linear function of logarithmic aging time at room temperature. Distribution of retardation times and Primak's distributed activation energy spectra were applied to the volume recovery data. The concomitant changes in mechanical properties of PVC after quenching were monitored by tensile creep stress-stran to failure rates. All reflect the presence of excess free volume content due to rapid quenching.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: The Mater. Process. Res. Base of the Mater. Process. Center; p 79-89
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  • 56
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    Fire- and heat-resistant laminating resins based on maleimido-substituted aromatic cyclotriphosphazenes (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A novel class of flame- and heat-resistant polymers has been synthesized by the thermal polymerization of maleimido-substituted aromatic cyclotriphosphazenes. The polymer obtained from tris-(aminophenoxy)tris(maleimidophenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene has good thermal stability and is noteworthy for its high char yield, viz., 82 percent at 800 C in nitrogen and 81 percent at 700 C in air. Graphite-fabric laminates prepared with this polymer did not burn in pure oxygen, even at 300 C, and were tested for mechanical properties. Hexakis(4-maleimidophenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene and some fluorine-containing monomers have also been synthesized. The structures of these cyclic phosphazene precursors and polymers were characterized by FT IR spectrophotometry, H-1 NMR, F-19 NMR, and P-31 solid-state magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The curing behavior of the polymer precursors and the thermal stabilities of the polymers were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA).
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Macromolecules (ISSN 0024-9297); 16; 8, 19
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  • 57
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    Thermal response of advanced high temperature ceramic-composite insulation to a convectively heated environment (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The Space Shuttle uses currently fibrous high temperature, reusable surface insulation (HRSI) as a Thermal Protection System (TPS) at 1260 C for normal-design mission operation. Higher density material of a similar type extended the maximum temperature to 1480 C. However, a surface temperature capability exceeding 1540 C is desired for future space vehicles, such as the Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV). A TPS providing such a capability would permit future entry vehicles to enter the atmosphere at a much higher velocity than the Space Shuttle. The present investigation is concerned with arc-jet test data obtained from a family of fibrous refractory-composite insulation (FRCI) materials developed to meet the future TPS requirements. FRCI materials containing between 20 and 80 percent aluminoborosilicate fibers with the balance composed of silica fibers were studied.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings (ISSN 0196-6219); 4; 533-550
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  • 58
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    Fire resistant films for aircraft applications (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Alternative sandwich panel decorative films were investigated as replacements for the polyvinyl fluoride currently used in aircraft interiors. Candidate films were studied for flammability, smoke emission, toxic gas emission, flame spread, and suitability as a printing surface for the decorative acrylic ink system. Several of the candidate films tested were flame modified polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyimide, polyamide, polysulfone, polyphenylsulfone, polyethersulfone, polybenzimidazole, polycarbonate, polyparabanic acid, polyphosphazene, polyetheretherketon, and polyester. The films were evaluated as pure films only, films silk-screened with an acrylic ink, and films adhered to a phenolic fiberglass substrate. Films which exhibited the highest fire resistant properties included PEEK polyetheretherketon, Aramid polyamide, and ISO-BPE polyester. Previously announced in STAR as N83-22320
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Journal of Fire Sciences (ISSN 0734-9041); 1; 200-220
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  • 59
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    A basic design fault in ceramic flat packs (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Recent moisture resistance tests of various multilayer top brazed ceramic flat packs and leaded and unleaded chip carriers has revealed a serious design defect. These packages, which utilize a tungsten interconnect system, in the presence of high humidity, suffer a galvanic corrosion which anodically consumes the tungsten. This process can continue until the package suffers an open circuit. The test results indicate that the lead plating system does not adequately seal off the interface area where the tungsten stripe egresses from the inside of the package. Leaded and leadless chip carrier packages were also subjected to the moisture resistance test. The familiar red and green corrosion products were visible after the test was completed. Careful sectioning of the chip carriers has revealed that the tungsten interconnect stripe instead of exiting under the castellations, exits at the top of the castellation and is thus vulnerable to the attack of moisture. These basic design faults severely impact the reliability of these packages.
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  • 60
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    Resin characterization in cured graphite fiber reinforced composites using diffuse reflectance-FTIR (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The feasibility of using diffuse reflectance in combination with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to obtain information on cured graphite fiber reinforced polymeric matrix resin composites was investigated. Several graphite/epoxy, polysulfone, and polyimide composites exposed to thermal or radiation environments were examined. An experimental polyimide-sulfone adhesive tape was also studied during processing. In each case, significant changes in resin molecular structure was observed due to environmental exposure. These changes in molecular structure were correlated with previously observed changes in material properties providing new insights into material behavior.
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  • 61
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    Acetylene-terminated polyimide adhesives (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The nadic-encapped LARC-43 addition polyimide exhibits excellent flow, is easy to process, and can be utilized for short terms at temperatures up to 593 C. It retains good lap shear strength as an adhesive for titanium after aging in air up to 125 hours at 316 C; but lap shear strength degrades with longer exposures at that temperature. Thermid 600, an addition polyimide that is acetylene encapped, exhibits thermomechanical properties even after long term exposure in at air at 316 C. An inherent drawback of this system is that it has a narrow processing window. An acetylene encapped, addition polyimide which is a hybrid of these two systems was developed. It has good retention of strength after long term aging and is easily processed. The synthesis and characterization of various molecular weight oligomers of this system are discussed as well as the bonding, aging, and testing of lap shear adhesive samples. Previously announced in STAR as N83-18910
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  • 62
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    Maleimido substituted cyclotriphosphazene resins for fire and heat resistant composites (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A new class of fire- and heat-resistant matrix resins have been synthesized by the thermal polymerization of maleimido substituted phenoxycyclotriphosphazenes. The resins have exhibited a char yield of 82 percent at 800 C in nitrogen and 81 percent at 700 C in air. Graphite-fabric laminates based on a resin of this class have shown a limiting oxygen index of 100 percent even at 300 C. Details of the fabrication of the resins and the composites and testing procedures are discussed.
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  • 63
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    A basic design fault in ceramic flat packs (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Recent moisture resistance tests of various multilayer top brazed ceramic flat packs and leaded and unleaded chip carriers has revealed a serious design defect. These packages, which utilize a tungsten interconnect system, in the presence of high humidity, suffer a galvanic corrosion which anodically consumes the tungsten. This process can continue until the package suffers an open circuit. The test results indicate that the lead plating system does not adequately seal off the interface area where the tungsten strips egresses from the inside of the package.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: SAMPE Quarterly (ISSN 0036-0821); 14; 28-32
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  • 64
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    Development of low-thermal expansion mullite bodies (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A series of ceramic compositions based on variations in the crystal-glass ratio of a mullite body were developed. The thermal expansion of these compositions varies from 3.7 to 5.0 x 10 to the -6th/deg C to 800 C. The materials are particularly useful for applications involving silicon, in that an identical thermal expansion is available. The high-temperature creep data for the lower-expansion compositions are inferior as a result of their higher glass contents. Raw material sources and fabrication procedures for specific compositions are given.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: American Ceramic Society; vol. 65
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  • 65
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    Addition polyimide adhesives containing various end groups (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Addition polyimode oligomers have been synthesized from 3,3 prime, 4,4 prime-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and 3,3 prime-methylenedianiline using a variety of latent crosslinking groups as end-caps. The nominal 1300 molecular weight imide prepolymers were isolated and characterized for solubility in amide, chlorinated and ether solvents, melt-flow and cure properties, glass transition temperature, and thermal stability on heating in an air atmosphere. Adhesive strengths of the polyimides were obtained both at ambient and elevated temperatures before and after aging at 232 C. Properties of the novel addition polyimides were compared to a known nadic end-capped adhesive, LARC-13.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Polymer Engineering and Science; 22; 1, Ja; Jan. 198
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  • 66
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    Effect of X-ray flux on polytetrafluoroethylene in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The effect of the X-ray flux in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (STAT) on the constitution of the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) surface has been examined. The radiation dose rate for our specimen was about 10 to the 7th rad/s. The structure, magnitude and binding energy of the C(1s) and F(1s) features of the XPS spectrum and the mass spectrum of gaseous species evolved during irradiation are observed. The strong time dependence of these signals over a period of several hours indicated that the surface constitution of PTFE is greatly affected by this level of radiation dose. The results are consistent with the development of a heavily cross-linked or branched structure in the PTFE surface region and the evolution of short chain fragments into the gas phase.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology; 20; Feb. 198
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  • 67
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    Kinetics of crystallization of ZrF4-BaF2-LaF3 glass by differential scanning calorimetry (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: American Ceramic Society, Journal (ISSN 0002-7820); 66; April 19
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  • 68
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    Tribological properties of sintered polycrystalline and single-crystal silicon carbide (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Previously announced in STAR as N82-24343
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: American Ceramic Society Bulletin (ISSN 0002-7812); 62; April 19
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  • 69
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    Strength and fracture toughness of reaction-bonded Si3N4 (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Fracture strength and fracture toughness measurements were made on reaction-bonded Si3N4 materials with a range of alpha/beta ratios. The results do not indicate any clear relation between the modulus of rupture and the alpha/beta ratio over the range 1.5-9. Values for the modulus of rupture range from 219 to 290 MN per sq m, with an overall average of 238 MN per sq m. The notched beam fracture toughness is found to be constant over the range of microstructures produced, indicating that of the various microstructural features (e.g., alpha/beta ratio and pore size and distribution) no single element has a controlling influence over fracture toughness and the fracture surface energy.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: American Ceramic Society Bulletin (ISSN 0002-7812); 62; April 19
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  • 70
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    Creep of plasma-sprayed-ZrO2 thermal-barrier coatings (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Specimens of plasma-sprayed-zirconia thermal-barrier coatings with three different porosities and different initial particle sizes were deformed in compression at initial loads of 6900, 13,800, and 24,100 kPa (1000, 2000, and 3500 psi) and temperatures of 1100, 1250, and 1400 C. The coatings were stabilized with lime, MgO, and two different concentrations of Y2O3. Creep began as soon as the load was applied and continued at a constantly decreasing rate until the load was removed. Temperature and stabilization had a pronounced effect on creep rate while the stress, particle size, and porosity had a lesser effect. Creep deformation was due to cracking and particle sliding.
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  • 71
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    Some inelastic effects of thermal cycling on ZrO2-Y2O3 materials (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: An analysis has been developed which relates the effects of inelastic behavior of Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) materials. The results show these materials to be sensitive to small changes in temperature and are supported by measurements of inelastic behavior in disk and bar specimens at temperatures as low as 1010 C (1850 F). At higher thermomechanical loads, the test specimens can deform to strains greater than 1 percent and for bar specimens, with sufficient strength, to remain bonded to the metallic substrate.
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  • 72
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    Use of fiber-like materials to augment cycle life of thick, thermoprotective-seal coatings (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: (Previously announced in STAR as N82-32633)
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 73
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    Effects of arc current on the life in burner-rig thermal cycling of plasma-sprayed ZrO2-O3 (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: (Previously announced in STAR as N82-17453)
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 74
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    Experimental studies of the vapor phase nucleation of refractory compounds. II - The condensation of an amorphous magnesium silicate (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Journal of Chemical Physics; 78; Feb. 1
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  • 75
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    A ceramic nozzle for the NASA-Langley 2.4-m /8.0-ft/ high temperature structures tunnel (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Two materials, a refractory castable ceramic and a SiO2-SiO2 composite, were fabricated as nozzle inserts for the Langley Research Center's 2.4-m (8.0-ft) high temperature structures tunnel. The high pressure and intense heat of the CH4-air products of the combustion-gas stream limits the materials that can be used in this tunnel. The castable-ceramic material showed good resistance to erosion and the thermal loads imposed on it by the gas stream but failed in tension when subjected to high hoop stresses. The SiO2-SiO2-composite nozzle insert withstood the thermomechanical loads but eroded unacceptably with increasing test temperature and pressure.
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  • 76
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    Glass formation - A contemporary view (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The process of glass formation is discussed from several perspectives. Particular attention is directed to kinetic treatments of glass formation and to the question of how fast a given liquid must be cooled in order to form a glass. Specific consideration is paid to the calculation of critical cooling rates for glass formation, to the effects of nucleating heterogeneities and transients in nucleation on the critical cooling rates, to crystallization on reheating a glass, to the experimental determination of nucleation rates and barriers to crystal nucleation, and to the characteristics of materials which are most conducive to glass formation.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 77
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    Glass research in space (1983)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Opportunities and problems associated with conducting containerless glass experiments in a microgravity environment are examined. Particular aspects of gel-derived glasses for space processing research are discussed, along with current space-related research activities in areas of amorphous phase separation, crystallization, and heterogeneous and homogeneous crystal nucleation.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 78
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    Gels and gel-derived glasses in the system Na2O-B2O3-SiO2 (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The containerless melting of high-purity multicomponent homogeneous gels and gel monoliths offers a unique approach to making ultrapure multicomponent optical glasses in the reduced gravity environment of space. Procedures for preparing and characterizing gels and gel-derived glasses in the system Na2O-B2O3-SiO2 are described. Preparation is based on the polymerization reactions of alkoxysilane with trimethyl borate or boric acid and a suitable sodium compound. The chemistry of the gelling process is discussed in terms of process parameters and the gel compositions. The physicochemical nature of gels prepared by three different procedures was found to be significantly different. Infrared absorption spectra indicate finite differences in the molecular structures of the different gels. The melting of the gel powders and the transformation of porous gel monoliths to transparent 'glass' without melting are described.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 79
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    Some characteristics of polymers in composite materials and as electrical conductors (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The characteristics of carbon fibers (CF) made from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) materials are discussed, together with research on conducting polymers. CF materials have better mechanical properties, chemical inertness, and higher stiffness than metallic materials but are subject to environmental instability, flammability, and delamination fatigue. Polymerization procedures for the monopolymer PAN are described, noting the use of SEM and X-ray diffraction techniques for studying the fiber structure. High modulus and strength of CF are caused by covalent sp(2) bonds in hexagonal carbon rings, which are stronger than the same links in diamonds. Details of the molecular chain structures and macroformations, stress-strain as a function of temperature, and thermosetting and glass transition temperatures of polymers are provided. Computational quantum chemistry techniques are being applied to studying electrical conductance in polymers, mainly to discover ways to stabilize the materials. Doped CH(x) has exhibited photovoltaic properties and other polymers have become superconductors at cryogenic temperatures.
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  • 80
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    Effects of long duration exposure to simulated space environment on nonmetallic materials properties (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: Nonmetallic materials specimens from the Viking program were tested in situ invacuo after continuous thermal vacuum exposure from 1971/1972 to the present. Eleven tests were done on appropriate specimens of 30 materials; however, no single material received all the tests. Some specimens also were exposed to 1 or 2.5 MeV electrons at differing fluences before testing. Baseline exposure data is reported for graphite/epoxy specimens that were exposed to vacuum since 1974. These materials were transferred to the thermal vacuum storage facility for future in situ testing and irradiation. Thin G/E specimens were tensile tested after thermal-vacuum cycling exposure. Photomicrographic examinations and SEM analyses were done on the failed specimens.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: AGARD Environ. Effects on Mater. for Space Appl.; 14 p
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  • 81
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    Synthesis of N-Substituted Silaneamines: Monomeric Precursors of Silicon Carbide-Nitride Fibers (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-10
    Description: Silanetriamines are prepared by the condensation of methyl or phenyl trichlorosilane with a primary amine. The amines used were methyl, n-propyl, n-butyl and allyl. The silaneamines were prepared by adding the chlorosilane to a solution of the amine in either petroleum ether or toluene. The compounds were purified by distillation and characterized by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Alabama Univ. Res. Rept.: 1983 NASA(ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program; 21 p
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  • 82
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    Partial Analysis of Insta-Foam (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-12
    Description: Insta-Foam, used as a thermal insulator for the non-critical area of the external tank during the prelaunch phase to minimize icing, is a two-component system. Component A has polyisocyanates, blowing agents, and stabilizers; Component B has the polyols, catalysts, blowing agents, stabilizers and fire retardant. The blowing agents are Freon 11 and Freon 12, the stabilizers are silicone surfactants, the catalysts are tertiary amines, and the fire retardant is tri-(beta-chloro-isopropyl) phosphate (PCF). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was quantitatively identified polyols and PFC.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Alabama Univ. Res. Rept.: 1983 NASA(ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program; 30 p
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  • 83
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    Ultrahigh molecular weight aromatic siloxane polymers (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The condensation of a diol with a silane in toluene yields a silphenylene-siloxane polymer. The reaction of stiochiometric amounts of the diol and silane produced products with molecular weights in the range 2.0 - 6.0 x 10 to the 5th power. The molecular weight of the product was greatly increased by a multistep technique. The methodology for synthesis of high molecular weight polymers using a two step procedure was refined. Polymers with weight average molecular weights in excess of 1.0 x 10 to the 6th power produced by this method. Two more reactive silanes, bis(pyrrolidinyl)dimethylsilane and bis(gamma butyrolactam)dimethylsilane, are compared with the dimethyleminodimethylsilane in ability to advance the molecular weight of the prepolymer. The polymers produced are characterized by intrinsic viscosity in tetrahydrofuran. Weight and number average molecular weights and polydispersity are determined by gel permeation chromatography.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center The 1982 NASA(ASEE Summer Fac. Fellowship Program; 13 p
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  • 84
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    Structural application of high strength, high temperature ceramics (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The operation of rocket engine turbine pumps is limited by the temperature restrictions of metallic components used in the systems. Mechanical strength and stability of these metallic components decrease drastically at elevated temperatures. Ceramic materials that retain high strength at high temperatures appear to be a feasible alternate material for use in the hot end of the turbopumps. This project identified and defined the processing parameters that affected the properties of Si3N4, one of candidate ceramic materials. Apparatus was assembled and put into operation to hot press Si3N4 powders into bulk material for in house evaluation. A work statement was completed to seek outside contract services to design, manufacture, and evaluate Si3N4 components in the service environments that exists in SSME turbopumps.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center The 1982 NASA(ASEE Summer Fac. Fellowship Program; 11 p
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  • 85
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    Ion Beam Sputtered Coatings of Bioglass (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The ion beam sputtering technique available at the NASA-Lewis was used to apply coatings of bioglass to ceramic, metallic, and polymeric substrates. Experiments in vivo and in vitro described investigate these coatings. Some degree of substrate masking was obtained in all samples although stability and reactivity equivalent to bulk bioglass was not observed in all coated samples. Some degree of stability was seen in all coated samples that were reacted in vitro. Both metallic and ceramic substrates coated in this manner failed to show significantly improved coatings over those obtained with existing techniques. Implantation of the coated ceramic substrate samples in bone gave no definite bonding as seen with bulk glass; however, partial and patchy bonding was seen. Polymeric substrates in these studies showed promise of success. The coatings applied were sufficient to mask the underlying reactive test surface and tissue adhesion of collagen to bioglass was seen. Hydrophilic, hydrophobic, charged, and uncharged polymeric surfaces were successfully coated.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-CR-188778 , NAS 1.26:188778
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  • 86
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    Advanced Strain-Isolation-Pad Material with Bonded Fibrous Construction (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The feasibility of utilizing air lay and liquid lay felt deposition techniques to fabricate strain isolation pad (SIP) materials for the Space Shuttle Orbiter was demonstrated. These materials were developed as candidate replacements for the present needled felt SIP used between the ceramic tiles and the aluminum skin on the undersurface of the Orbiter. The SIP materials that were developed consisted of high temperature aramid fibers deposited by controlled fluid (air or liquid) carriers to form low density unbonded felts. The deposited felts were then bonded at the fiber intersections with a small amount of high temperature polyimide resin. This type of bonded felt construction can potentially eliminate two of the problems associated with the present SIP, viz., transmittal of localized stresses into the tiles and load history dependent mechanical response. However, further work is needed to achieve adequate through thickness tensile strength in the bonded felts.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-CR-166599 , NAS 1.26:166599
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  • 87
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    Improved high temperature resistant matrix resins (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The objective was to develop organic matrix resins suitable for service at temperatures up to 644 K (700 F) and at air pressures up to 0.4 MPa (60 psia) for time durations of a minimum of 100 hours. Matrix resins capable of withstanding these extreme oxidative environmental conditions would lead to increased use of polymer matrix composites in aircraft engines and provide significant weight and cost savings. Six linear condensation, aromatic/heterocyclic polymers containing fluorinated and/or diphenyl linkages were synthesized. The thermo-oxidative stability of the resins was determined at 644 K and compressed air pressures up to 0.4 MPa. Two formulations, both containing perfluoroisopropylidene linkages in the polymer backbone structure, exhibited potential for 644 K service to meet the program objectives. Two other formulations could not be fabricated into compression molded zero defect specimens.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-CR-168210 , NAS 1.26:168210 , REPT-38945-6012-UT-00
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  • 88
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    MEA/A-1 experiment 81F01 conducted on STS-7 flight, June 1983. Containerless processing of glass forming melts (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The space processing of containerless, glassforming melts on board the space shuttle flight STS-7 is investigated. Objectives include; (1) obtain quantitative evidence for the supression of heterogeneous nucleation/crystallization, (2) study melt homogenization without gravity driven convection, (3) procedural development for bubble free, high purity homogeneous melts inmicro-g, (4) comparative analysis of melts on Earth and in micro g, and (5) assess the apparatus for processing multicomponent, glass forming melts in a low gravity environment.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-CR-171048 , NAS 1.26:171048
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  • 89
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    Ablation of carbonaceous materials in a hydrogen-helium arc-jet flow (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The stagnation-point ablation rates of a graphite, a carbon-carbon composite, and four carbon-phenolic materials are measured in an arc-jet wind tunnel with a 50 percent hydrogen-50 percent helium mixture as the test gas. Flow environments are determined through measurements of static and impact pressures, heat-transfer rates to a calorimeter, and radiation spectra, and through numerical calculation of the flow through the wind tunnel, spectra, and heat-transfer rates. The environments so determined are: impact pressure approximately equal to 3 atm, Mach number approximately equal to 2.1, convective heat-transfer rate approximately equal to 14 kW/sq cm, and radiative heat-transfer rate approximately equal to 7 kW/sq cm in the absence of ablation. Ablation rates are determined from the measured rates of mass loss and recession of the ablation specimens. Compared with the predicted ablation rates obtained by running RASLE and CMA codes, the measured rates are higher by about 15 percent for all tested materials.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 83-1561
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  • 90
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    Elastomeric binders for electrodes (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The poor mechanical integrity of the cathode represents an important problem which affects the performance of ambient temperature secondary lithium cells. Repeated charge of a TiS2 cathode may give rise to stresses which disturb the electrode structure and can contribute to capacity loss. An investigation indicates that the use of an inelastic binder material, such as Teflon, aggravates the problem, and can lead to electrode disruption and poor TiS2 particle-particle contact. The feasibility of a use of elastomers as TiS2 binder materials has, therefore, been explored. It was found that elastomeric binders provide an effective approach for simplifying rechargeable cathode fabrication. A pronounced improvement in the mechanical integrity of the cathode structure contributes to a prolonged cycle life.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Electrochemical Society, Journal (ISSN 0013-4651); 130; May 1983
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  • 91
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    Barriers to flashover discharge arcs on Teflon (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The effect of various barriers (empty gap, copper, Mylar, and nickel mesh) on the probability of simultaneous arc discharging of two physically separated pieces of electron-beam-charged Teflon was studied. For the empty gap barrier, it was found that simultaneous discharges rarely occur when the separation between the samples is greater than approximately 0.4 times the length of their common edge when this length is of the order of 1 cm. Evidence suggests that electromagnetic fields play a larger role than electrons in influencing the occurrence of simultaneous arc discharges.
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  • 92
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    Optical measurement of the velocity of dielectric surface arcs (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Surface flashover arc discharge velocities on electron-beam-charged polymer sheets have been measured directly by detecting the light emitted at two points along a straight arc and measuring the time interval between light pulses. For Mylar, the average velocity is 1.2 x 10 to the 6th m/s, and for Teflon the average velocity is approximately 7.3 x 10 to the 5th m/s independent of sheet thickness. These velocities are about two to four times higher than previous measurements. The techniques employed to produce single, straight surface arcs are described.
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  • 93
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    A probabilistic analysis of silicon cost (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Silicon materials costs represent both a cost driver and an area where improvement can be made in the manufacture of photovoltaic modules. The cost from three processes for the production of low-cost silicon being developed under the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Photovoltaic Program is analyzed. The approach is based on probabilistic inputs and makes use of two models developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory: SIMRAND (SIMulation of Research ANd Development) and IPEG (Improved Price Estimating Guidelines). The approach, assumptions, and limitations are detailed along with a verification of the cost analyses methodology. Results, presented in the form of cumulative probability distributions for silicon cost, indicate that there is a 55% chance of reaching the DOE target of $16/kg for silicon material. This is a technically achievable cost based on expert forecasts of the results of ongoing research and development and do not imply any market prices for a given year.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-CR-173461 , JPL-5101-246 , JPL-PUB-83-94 , DOE/JPL-1012/93 , NAS 1.26:173461
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  • 94
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    Shock temperatures in anorthite glass (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Temperatures of CaAl2Si2O8 (anorthite glass) shocked to pressures between 48 and 117 GPa were measured in the range from 2500 to 5600 K, using optical pyrometry techniques. The pressure dependence of the shock temperatures deviates significantly from predictions based on a single high pressure phase. At least three phase transitions, at pressures of about 55, 85, and 100 GPa and with transition energies of about 0.5 MJ/kg each (approximately 1.5 MJ/kg total) are required to explain the shock temperature data. The phase transition at 100 GPa can possibly be identified with the stishovite melting transition. Theoretical models of the time dependence of the thermal radiation from the shocked anorthite based on the geometry of the experiment and the absorptive properties of the shocked material yields good agreement with observations, indicating that it is not necessary to invoke intrinsic time dependences to explain the data in many cases.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-CR-173364 , NAS 1.26:173364
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  • 95
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    Consolidation of Si3N4 without additives (by hot isostatic pressing) (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The potential of using hot isostatic pressing (HIP'ing) technique to produce dense silicon nitride materials without or with a reduced amount of additives (much less than 5 w/o) was investigated. Hot isostatic pressing technique can provide higher pressure and temperature than hot pressing can, thus has the potential of requiring less densification aids to consolidate Si3N4 materials. It was anticipated that if such dense materials could be fabricated, the high temperature strength of the material should be improved significantly. Observations on the phase transformation, densification behavior, and microstructures of the samples are also documented. Density, microhardness, four point bend strength (room temperature and 1370 C) were measured on selected densified materials.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-CR-173279 , NAS 1.26:173279
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  • 96
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    Energy absorption by polymer crazing (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: During the past thirty years, a tremendous amount of research was done on the development of crazing in polymers. The phenomenon of crazing was recognized as an unusual deformation behavior associated with a process of molecular orientation in a solid to resist failure. The craze absorbs a fairly large amount of energy during the crazing process. When a craze does occur the surrounding bulk material is usually stretched to several hundred percent of its original dimension and creates a new phase. The total energy absorbed by a craze during the crazing process in creep was calculated analytically with the help of some experimental measurements. A comparison of the energy absorption by the new phase and that by the original bulk uncrazed medium is made.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-CR-173275 , NAS 1.26:173275
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  • 97
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    Nonlinear viscoelastic characterization of structural adhesives (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Measurements of the nonliner viscoelastic behavior of two adhesives, FM-73 and FM-300, are presented and discussed. Analytical methods to quantify the measurements are given and fitted into a framework of an accelerated testing and analysis procedure. The single integral model used is shown to function well and is analogous to a time-temperature stress-superposition procedure (TTSSP). Advantages and disadvantages of the creep power law method used in this study are given.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-CR-172279 , NAS 1.26:172279
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  • 98
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    Hot melt recharge system (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A package assembly is described for pecisely positioning a charge of hot melt adhesive onto an attachment pad or point of use. The adhesive is heated to softening or melt temperature (280 F to 325 F) and thereafter cooled to resolidifying temperature. A single sided pressure sensitive polyimide film tape serves with another film strip to protect a sandwiched adhesive strip until use and to hold the adhesive in precise position until thermally bonded to its point of use. Tab ends serve as aids in stripping tapes and from the adhesive charge.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 99
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    Heat sealable, flame and abrasion resistant coated fabric (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Flame retardant, abrasion resistant elastomeric compositions are disclosed which are comprised of thermoplastic polyurethane polymer and flame retarding amounts of a filler selected from decabromodiphenyloxide and antimony oxide in a 3:1 weight ratio, and decabromodiphenyloxide, antimony oxide, and ammonium polyphosphate in a 3:1:3 weight ratio respectively. Heat sealable coated fabrics employing such elastomeric compositions as coating film are produced by dissolving the elastomeric composition to form a solution, casting the solution onto a release paper and drying it to form an elastomeric film. The film is then bonded to a woven, knitted, or felted fabric.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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  • 100
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    Elastomer-modified phosphorus-containing imide resins (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Phosphine oxide-containing polyimide resins modified by elastomers, are disclosed which have improved mechanical properties. These products are particularly useful in the production of fiber or fabric-reinforced composites or laminates.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
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