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  • Gas chromatography  (24)
  • Spektralphotometrie  (24)
  • Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde  (22)
  • Springer  (70)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Meteorological Society
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  • 1970-1974
  • 1981  (70)
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  • Springer  (70)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Nature Publishing Group
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  • 2015-2019
  • 2000-2004
  • 1980-1984  (70)
  • 1970-1974
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  • 1
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    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 19-22 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Teflon columns ; Chemically modified teflon ; Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Wall-coated open tubular columns prepared from chemically modified teflon tubing have been developed for gas chromatography. Chemical reaction of the inner walls of teflon tubing allows bonding of an adhesive layer on which a variety of stationary phaes can be coated. Test mixtures of alkanes and alcohols were used to investigate the chromatographic properties of these columns and the stability and mixing of the adhesive and stationary phae layers. the results in dicate that mixing of the layers is negligible and that the column is stable for a long period of time.
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  • 2
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 55-66 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Capillary columns, glass ; Gas chromatography ; Column preparation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Kapillar-Gas-Chromatographie ist heute das sich am stärksten entwickelnde Gebiet der Gas-Chromatographie. Es gibt viele komplexe, neue Fragestellungen in der Analytik, welche den Einsatz spezieller Kapillarsäulen erfordem. Glücklicherweise gibt es aber auch eine große Zahl von Herstellungsverfahren für Kapillarsäulen, welche — noch mehr als bei der Herstellung von gepackten Säulen — eine Anpassung an die gestellten Aufgaben ermöglichen. In diesem Artikel werden die Herstellungsverfahren für Kapillarsäulen zusammengestellt und Anregungen gegeben, wie aufgaben-orientierte Säulen erreicht werden.
    Notes: Summary Glass capillary column chromatography is the most rapidly growing part of gas chromatography. There are many complex new analytical tasks and they require special capillary columns, Fortunately there is a wide range of column preparation methods available, and they make the preparation of glass capillary columns a more varied job than that of packed columns. In this paper these methods are reviewed and suggestions are given for making task-oriented columns.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Urea herbicides ; Catalytic hydrolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method is described for the rapid catalytic hydrolysis of phenylurea herbicides on silica gel at elevated temperatures. After derivatisation of the anilines produced with heptafluorobutyric acid anhydride final analysis is done on a gas chromatograph equipped with an electroncapture detector. Detection limits are in the 1–5 picogram range. The method has successfully been applied to residue analysis of water samples at the 1 ppb level. The determination of free anilines present in water samples and the potential of various techniques to be used to discriminate between free anilines and parent herbicides are also discussed.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Graphitised carbon black ; Phenols ; Water pllutants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The fractionation of eleven phenols which may be contaminants in drinking water has been accomplished by using acid-washed graphitised carbon black modified with trimesic acid and PEG 20 M.
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  • 5
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 447-451 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Headspace analysis ; Gas chromatography ; Residual analysis of polyethylene terephthalate ; Acetylene reduction assay ; Ethylene evolution in germinating seed ; Acetaldehyde generation in polyester resin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary New application areas for headspace gas chromatography in agricultural and polymer degradation research are described. Specific examples are drawn from the various forms of headspace analysis with emphasis on the automated static equilibrium method.
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  • 6
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 576-578 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Tortuosity factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The relationship between the obstructive factor γ and velocity was restudied. The dependence of the obstructive factor on velocity was verified. The effects of diffusion coefficient and particle-to-column diameter ratio on the obstructive factor-velocity relationship were investigated. The results are consistent with Hawkes' hypothesis that values of γ at low velocities are averages over tightly packed and loosely packed domains while at high velocities they are weighted in favour of the loosely packed domains where there is more flow.
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  • 7
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 648-652 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Gas-liquid adsorption ; Bulk solution ; Mixed stationary phases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary It is shown that the blending of some retention effects can make the resolution of complex mixtures on short classical columns as effective as on capillary columns.
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  • 8
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 699-703 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Headspace analysis ; Aromatic hydrocarbons ; Water analyses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The possibilities of using headspace analysis of aromatic hydrocarbon traces in aqueous solutions with changing values of the partition coefficients are discussed. A variant of headspace analysis of the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon in natural and waste water is described. It involves two-step gaseous extraction of a sample in vessels of varying volume before and after the equilibrium phase is replaced with a pure gas (air or nitrogen). This method permits to analyse 5–50 ml water samples with benzene and toluene contents varying from the ppb to the ppm range within an error not exceeding 155. The analysis time is about 1.5 h. The presence of non-volatile organic or mineral substances does not influence the determination. This method is unsuitable to heterogeneous systems (aqueous oil emulsions): before carrying out the analysis for the hydrocarbon content these systems have to be homogenized first.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Open tubular (capillary) columns ; Glass columns ; Fused-silica columns ; Column testing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Column characteristics affecting the chromatographic behavior of glass and siliceous glass (“fused silica”) capillary columns include the dimensional uniformity of the column, the physical and chemical characteristics of the column wall and the characteristics of the liquid phase. In the case of the coated column the uniformity and thickness of the liquid phase film are the most important criteria affecting column reproducibility. The paper discusses these factors and their influence on column performance.
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  • 10
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 203-211 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Quantitative analysis ; Copper oxide converter ; Inorganic gas analysis ; Determination of fluorine and oxygen ; Hydrocarbon analysis ; Wine analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A review of past activities concerning selected industrial analytical problems is given. This includes the following question: preparation of pure gas mixtures to be used for calibration, catalytic conversion of ester and pyridin samples to carbon dioxide and a one-point calibration method using peak heights, both for quantitative analysis, analysis of gas mixtures containing fluorine and inorganic fluorine compounds and the determination of the oxygen and fluorine content of the sample, separation and identification of hydrocarbons in shale oil and petroleum fraction samples, and analysis of wine.
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  • 11
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 143-147 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Capillary columns ; Gas chromatography ; Retention index ; Structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention index of twenty different homologous series of esters have been determined experimentally on polar (Carbowax 1540) and non-polar (squalane) columns. General equations to calculate retention index have been established by statistical methods. The influence of the length and inductive effect of acid and alcohol chains and the relative position of the carboxylic group are discussed.
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  • 12
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 285-288 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Porous layer open tubular columns ; Kaolin as support ; Column performance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary PLOT columns have been prepared with kaolin as the liquid phase support. These columns show good efficiency with different stationary phases and good thermal stability with polar phases. The performance of columns is shown by the separation of various mixtures such as fatty acids, phenols and anilines which are of analytical importance.
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  • 13
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 39-40 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Xylidine isomers ; Heteroaromatic liquid phases ; Gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Nicotinic acid and 1H-benzotriazole appreciably resolved all the xylidine (dimethylaniline) isomers, while benzimidazole, nicotinamide and phthalimide can also separate all the isomers except 2,4- and 2,3-xylidines. The analyses were carried out on supports which were not treated with an alkali.
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  • 14
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 345-350 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Silica capillaries ; Glass capillaries ; Mixed gum phases ; Polarity and selectivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Mixed phases of Superox 20M and OV-1 can be coated homogeneously on the untreated wall of fused silica capillary columns. Excellent columns with regard to efficiency, inertness and thermal stability can be obtained. (CE〉95% and MAOT≥250°). The polarity and selectivity were ascertained with Rohrschneider-Reynolds probes and a capillary polarity test mixture. The analysis of an essential oil mixture illustrates the possibilities of mixed phases in practical capillary GC.
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Fused silica ; Contact angle ; Wettability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This paper describes the systematic characterization of glass and the newly introduced fused silica and quartz capillary columns from surface wettability measurements. Common gas chromatographic stationary phases were used in capillary-rise measurements at temperatures up to 300°C. By construction of Zisman plots and using the Cassie equation, the relative surface concentrations of wettable and non-wettable groups were determined. By application of the Fowkes equation, the dispersion force component of the surface energy was investigated. The influence of various surface treatments such as leaching, silylation, and polymeric film formation are discussed. Wettability measurements were also used to evaluate the thermostability of various treated surfaces and to compare the surface properties of glass, quartz, and fused silica. The wettability of the surfaces with selected stationary phases as a function of temperature is also discussed.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Retention index ; Average molecular polarizabilities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A significant correlation has been found between the retention indices of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on non-polar stationary phases and the average molecular polarizabilities of the molecules separated on these phases. Equations have been derived for the determination of the average molecular polarizabilities, directly from the retention indices.
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  • 17
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 69-72 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons ; Retention index ; Vapour pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention index of a planar polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon on the GC phases OV-101, SE-52, and OV-17 is strictly related only to the boiling point, and less closely to the relative molecular mass. The very approximates relation with connectivity index ins only a consequence of the latter. On a nematic lqiuid crystal phase, a variation of activity coefficient, expressed in terms of a shape factor, also influences the retention of PAH.
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  • 18
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 269-276 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Detector performance ; Trace analysis ; Catalytic conversion ; Multidimensional gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Relationships are derived describing how the detection limit of a chromatographic system depends on the minimum detectable limit of the detector and the chromatographic parameters such as column length, efficiency, carrier gas flow rate and the capacity factor. Performance data of detectors developed in the last 25 years at the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are given and a few selected application examples are listed. These include trace analysis by preconcentration and by direct analysis and the utilization of multidimensional gas chromatography with two columns, two detectors, a 12-port valve, and a catalytic conversion reactor.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; C1−C5 Hydrocarbons ; Dimethyl ether
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An analytical GC method was developed which uses a single packed column consisting of three packings in series prepared with the following liquid phases: dimethyl sulfolane, propylene carbonate, and silver nitrate. This system provides satisfactory resolution of mixtures of C1−C5 hydrocarbons and dimethyl ether obtained when converting methanol to gasoline. Due to the high capacity of the column it is possible to inject larger sample amounts permitting trace analysis.
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Phthalides ; Umbelliferae ; Liquid-solid chromatography ; Gas chromatography ; Ligustilide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A liquid-solid chromatographic pre-fractionation of naturally occurring phthalides has been developed. The LSC was carried out on a column of silica applying a 1–50% gradient elution of diethyl ether (containing 2% methanol) in pentane. The enrichment in the fractions led to better possibilities for a gas chromatographic separation and isolation allowing further studies by spectroscopic methods. Ligustilide may easily isomerize during GC as a result of ageing of the column.
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  • 21
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 601-602 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Ethanolamines ; Ethylene glycols ; Direct separation ; Gas chromatography ; Short glass capillaries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An effective and rapid GC separation of ethanolamines, even in the presence of ethylene glycols, using short glass capillary columns is developed. No preliminary derivatisation of the sample is necessary. The separation is completed in 6 minutes.
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  • 22
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 507-509 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Headspace ; Phenol ; Urine ; Enzymatic hydrolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new method has been developed for the determination of phenol in urine in which the phenol conjugates are hydrolysed enzymatically and the liberated phenol is analysed by headspace chromatography. The results compare favourably with those obtained by the method of van Haaften and Sie in which acid hydrolysis is carried out in a heated GC precolumn. The enzymatic hydrolysis headspace technique appears to be very reliable and does not suffer from the disadvantages of precolumn acid hydrolysis.
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  • 23
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 421-424 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Liquid sulfur ; McReynolds' constants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The McReynolds' constants for liquid sulfur as a stationary phase in gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) are presented. A simple graphical method of pattern analysis is used to indicate the uniqueness of the sulfur column as compared with other stationary liquid phases characterized by McReynolds. The limitations of using a single factor (as polarity) for the basis for the selection of GLC columns is discussed.
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  • 24
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Kováts retention indices ; Propellants ; Solvents ; Aerosol packs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A gas chromatographic method is described by which a nearly complete separation of all commonly used propellants and solvents and their identification and determination can be achieved in one step. The separation is by simple adsorption chromatography on columns packed with Porapak-T with a temperature program 100–180°C at 10°C/min. Kováts' retention indices have been calculated for isothermal conditions at 150°C respectively 100°C for the propellants, at 180°C for the solvents. An exact identification of the propellants and solvents by means of the Kováts' indices is practicable even in complex mixtures.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine gas-chromatographische Methode angegeben, welche eine fast vollständige Auftrennung aller handelsüblichen Aerosol-Treibgase und Lösungsmittel und ihre Identifizierung und Bestimmung in einem Schritt gestatet. Die Trennung erfolgt durch reine Adsorptions-Chromatographie and Porapak T-Säulen bei 100–180°C mit einer Temperaturate von 10°C/min. Zur Bestimmung der Retentionsindices nach Kovats wurden die Treibgase isotherm bei 150°C bzw. 100°C, die Lösungsmittel bei 180°C aufgetrennt. Anhand der Kovats-Indices ist eine eindeutige Identifizierung der Treibgase und Lösungsmittel selbst in vielfältigen Gemischen möglich.
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  • 25
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 305 (1981), S. 413-414 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Nitroparaffinen, prim. ; Spektralphotometrie ; Überf. in Hydroxamsäuren, Vanadium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 26
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 306 (1981), S. 125-128 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Antimon mit Triphenyltetrazoliumchlorid ; Spektralphotometrie ; Extraktion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The optimum conditions for the antimony(V) extraction in strong hydrochloride acid medium as a ternary ion-associated complex with triphenyltetrazolium chloride have been investigated. The extraction constant has been determined with dichlorethene and chloroform (1∶1) (K ex =3.06×104). A working procedure for the determination of antimony has been developed. Interferences are only caused by iron(III), gold(III), thallium(III) and gallium. The application of the method is demonstrated by the analysis of metallic lead, which has also been carried out with two other methods (AAS and spectrophotometry with crystal violet). The new method is superior in reliability and accuracy. The relative standard deviation of the mean is ± 7.4%.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die optimalen Bedingungen für die Extraktion von Antimon aus stark salzsaurer Lösung als Ionenanlagerungskomplex mit Triphenyltetrazoliumchlorid wurden bestimmt. Die Extraktionskonstante bei Extraktion mit einer Dichlorethan-Chloroform-Mischung (1∶1) beträgt (K ex =3,06·104). Für die Antimonbestimmung wurde eine entsprechende Methode ausgearbeitet. Nur Fe(II), Au(III), Tl(III) und Ga(III) stören. Die Anwendung der Methode wurde an Hand der Analyse von metallischem Blei demonstriert, die zusätzlich auch nach zwei anderen Methoden (AAS und Spektralphotometrie mit Kristallviolett) durchgeführt wurde. Die neue Methode ist in bezug auf Zuverlässigkeit und Genauigkeit überlegen. Die relative Standardabweichung des Mittelwertes beträgt ± 7,4%.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 306 (1981), S. 129-135 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Kobalt in Cyanocobalamin, Wasser ; Spektralphotometrie ; 5-Brom-PADAP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine empfindliche und selektive spektralphotometrische Kobaltbestimmung (〈0,9 μg ml−1) ist mit 2-(5-Brom-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Brom-PADAP) auf Grund des kinetisch stabilen Co(III)L 2 − -Chelates möglich, das nach seiner Bildung bei pH 7 (Ammoniumacetat) in Gegenwart von 0,1% Triton X-100, 5,10−3 M Ammoniumperoxodisulfat und 10% (v/v) Dimethylformamid (auch nach Zugabe von 1,25 M H2SO4, 1,80 M HNO3 oder auch 0,1–0,01 M EDTA) stabil ist. Eine Reihe von 5-Brom-PADAP-Chelaten störender Ionen werden dabei zersetzt. V(V), Hg2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Pd2+ können stören. Die Kobaltbestimmung in Cyanocobalamin und auch Trinkwasser ist auf diesem Wege möglich. Die Fehler lagen im Bereich von — 3 bis — 7 % (1,8–9 μg Co/l).
    Notes: Summary A sensitive and selective determination of cobalt (〈0.9 μg ml−1) with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Bromo-PADAP) is carried out at pH7 in the presence of ammonium acetate buffer, 5×10−3M ammonium peroxodisulphate, 0.1% Triton X-100 and 10% (v/v) dimethylformamide. The kinetically inert Co(III)L 2 − chelate, if once formed at pH 7 is stable over a broad pH interval for a certain period (in 1.25 M H2SO4, 1.80 M HNO3 or 0.1–0.01 M EDTA, where many other 5-Bromo-PADAP chelates are destroyed). V(V), Hg2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Pd2+ can interfere. Determination of cobalt in cyanocobalamine and potable waters is possible in this way. Errors are between — 3 and — 7% (1.8–9 μg Co/l).
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 306 (1981), S. 401-401 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Niob in Stahl ; Spektralphotometrie ; Sulfobenzolazodihydroxypyridin
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 29
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 218-220 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Alkaliionen an Protein, Biolog. Material ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 201-205 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Beeinflussung anorg. Folien
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  • 31
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 224-228 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Muskelgewebe ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A technique is described to obtain shockfrozen tissue specimens from a beating heart in situ using liquid propane as cooling agent. The method allows to take up to 8 samples from the ischemic area of the left ventricle of a pig heart following acute coronary artery occlusion. A freeze-drying apparatus was developed in which, under a vacuum of 10−6 mm Hg, the specimens remain for 10 days with the temperature slowly rising from initially −100
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 234-238 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Fluor in Zahngewebe ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 239-245 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Uran in Algen ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Dunaliella
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 253-257 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Untersuchungen von Mycobakterien ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 270-273 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Spektren, Gleichgewichtsmodell
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 309-311 
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    Keywords: Analyse von Organ. Molekülen ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; elektronenstrahl-geschÄdigte Filme
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 297-303 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Polymeren ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Positive and negative ion spectra of various industrially important polymers were recorded using the Laser Microprobe Mass Analysis (LAMMA) technique. Using methods developed in earlier work [1] we interpret the ions as being generated from the polymer backbone or pendant sidechain functional groups. Results are given for polypropylene, polyacrylamide, polystyrene, polycaprolactam (Nylon 6) and polydimethylsiloxane. Mass patterns are analyzed and compared to the previous work.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 258-259 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Bazillen ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
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  • 39
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 274-279 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Mikroanalyse von mineral. Fasern, Asbest, Glasfasern ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Analysis of asbestos and glass fibers obtained by either environmental sampling or after longer periods of deposition in human and animal tissue revealed that the latter undergo changes of their chemical composition. Electron microscopy and LAMMA were used in these investigations. The extent of fiber dissolution could be assessed. Some fibers remained chemically unchanged. In certain fibers only some elements were partially leached out whereas in other fibers the majority of metallic elements were eluted.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 283-286 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Untersuchung von Holzschutzmitteln ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Verteilung in der Zellwand
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The “Laser Microprobe Mass Analyzer” (LAMMA) proved to be a useful instrument for element localization in single wood cells treated with preservatives. The relative concentration of elements occurring within the cell wall can also be determined. Even those with low mass numbers, namely boron and fluorine, are identifiable. In this respect, LAMMA-analysis is preferable to electron probe X-ray microanalysis. Poles treated with CCF- or CCB-preservatives exhibit an overall gradient of ion concentration across the sapwood. Chromium becomes more strongly fixed in the wall than copper. Relative to these elements boron becomes rather irregulary distributed. Moreover, the adsorption of fluorine is considerably low.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 304-308 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von AminosÄuren, Peptiden ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 312-320 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Metallorganoverbindungen ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary LAMMA spectrometry allows to study many kinds of insoluble and non volatile organometallic compounds. The mass peak of the positive part of such molecules can be seen in positive LAMMA spectra. It is possible at times to quickly verify the coordinance degree of metal. At last, by LAMMA spectrometry, it is even possible to describe some very intricate systems such as asphaltenes.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 431-433 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Proteinen ; Spektralphotometrie ; Gegenwart von Dodecylsulfat und Mercaptoethanol, modif. Biuretmethode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The biuret method was modified to tolerate the presence of 100 mg of SDS and 21 mg of ME in a sample volume of 500 μl. The modification concerns in particular the concentrations of copper sulphate and sodium citrate, an addition of propanol-2 for preventing precipitation of SDS and use of H2O2 for oxidizing ME. The determination of SDS-soluble proteins in starch-containing solutions is discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine Weiterentwicklung der „SDS-Biuretmethode“ [15] wird beschrieben. Die Modifikation betrifft hauptsächlich die Konzentrationen von Kupfersulfat und Natriumcitrat, einen Zusatz von Propanol-2 zur Verhinderung einer Fällung von SDS sowie die Verwendung von H2O2 zur Oxidation von ME. Die Methode toleriert bis zu 100 mg SDS und 21 mg ME im eingesetzten Probenvolumen (500 μl). Eine Möglichkeit zur Durchführung der Bestimmung in Gegenwart von Stärke wird beschrieben und diskutiert.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 309 (1981), S. 400-400 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Trichlorfluormethan in Luft ; Spektralphotometrie ; Pyridin
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 309 (1981), S. 373-376 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Nickel ; Spektralphotometrie ; Verbesserung der Nachweisgrenze, Chromatographie
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Als Nachweisgrenze für das extraktiv-photometrische Bestimmungsverfahren von Nickel mit Pyridin-2-aldehyd-2-chinolylhydrazon (PAC) wurden als Absolutmenge 195 ng Ni ermittelt. Nach der dünnschicht-chromatographischen Abtrennung des PAC-Überschusses an Kieselgel mit Aceton kann die Nachweisgrenze auf 34 ng Ni verringert werden. Die Messungen erfolgen in Mikroküvetten in Benzol bei 515 nm; der Zeitbedarf für eine Bestimmung beträgt etwa 1 h. Die Techniken der Säulen- und Dünnschicht-Chromatographie (DC) werden miteinander verglichen; mit der DC ist der Zeitaufwand geringer. Es wird über die Analysenergebnisse in synthetischen Lösungen berichtet; eine Anwendung des Verfahrens z.B. für Nickel-Spurenanalysen in Lebensmitteln ist möglich, da das störende Eisen ebenfalls abgetrennt wird.
    Notes: Summary The determination limit in extractive spectrophotometric analysis of nickel with pyridine-2-aldehyde-2-quinolylhydrazone (PAC) was found to be 195 ng Ni (absolute amount of Ni). After separation of excess PAC by thin-layer chromatography on silicagel with acetone the determination limit can be lowered down to 34 ng. The measurements are carried out in microcuvettes in benzene at 515 nm, the time for one analyses being about 1 h. Column and thin-layer chromatographic techniques are compared; using TLC the necessary time is shorter. Results of analyses in synthetic solutions are discussed; an application of the procedure e.g. in Ni trace analysis in foodstuffs is possible, for interfering iron can be separated by TLC too.
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Rhenium ; Spektralphotometrie ; Thiocyanat u. Imipramin
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 309 (1981), S. 386-390 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Formaldehyd ; Spektralphotometrie ; automatisiert
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die photometrische Bestimmung von Formaldehydmit der Acetylaceton-Methodewurde automatisiert. Dazu wurden Bausteine der Flüssigkeits-Chromatographie verwendet. Der Zeitbedarf je Bestimmung beträgt 1–2 min, der Variationskoeffizient beträgt 0,1–0,2%. Je nach Ausführungsform können 0,1–200 mg/l Formaldehyd bestimmt werden.
    Notes: Summary The photometric determination of formaldehyde by means of the acetylacetone method is automated. For this purpose component parts of liquid chromatography are used. The time demand for one determination is 1–2 min, the variation coefficient is 0.1–0.2%. With two variations of the device concentrations from 0.1–200 mg/l formaldehyde can be determined.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 309 (1981), S. 401-402 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von α-Ketoglutarsäure ; Spektralphotometrie ; Diaz. Aminobenzoesäure
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 305 (1981), S. 26-28 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Wasser in organ. Lösungsmitteln ; Spektralphotometrie ; Pyridiniumphenolbetain, 2-Parameter-Gleichung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein neues Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Wasser in organischen Lösungsmitteln (auch in Spuren) wird beschrieben. Die Solvatochromie des Pyridiniumphenolbetains E T30, die über eine einfach auszuführende UV-Absorptionsmessung bestimmt wird, ermöglicht zusammen mit einer zwei-Parameter-Gleichung eine exakte Wasserbestimmung in organischen Lösungsmitteln als Schnelltest und stellt damit eine Alternative zur Karl-Fischer-Titration dar.
    Notes: Summary A new procedure for the determination of water (even in trace amounts) in organic solvents is described. The solvatochromism of the pyridiniumphenol betaine, E T30, determined by a simple UV-absorption measurement, together with a two-parameter equation, permits an exact determination. The procedure is rapid and is, therefore, an alternative to the Karl-Fischer titration.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 305 (1981), S. 287-288 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Phosphorsäurephenylesterdiamid in Düngemitteln ; Spektralphotometrie ; neben Zusatzstoffen
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 305 (1981), S. 374-378 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Thorium in Gesteinen, Zement, Wasser ; Spektralphotometrie ; Spuren, Extraktion mit Triphenylarsinoxid in Chloroform
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Thorium wird durch Extraktion mit Triphenylarsinoxid in CHCl3 und Rückextraktion mit 4 M HCl auf ein kleines Volumen konzentriert. Die Endbestimmung erfolgt spektralphotometrisch als Arsenazo-III-Komplex bei 660 nm in Mikroküvetten. Auf diese Weise konnte vor allem die Bestimmung von Spurenmengen Th wesentlich verbessert werden. 7 ng Th sind in bis zu 200 ml Ausgangslösung noch bestimmbar. Untersuchungen mit über 60 Kationen und etwa 20 Anionen zeigten, daß diese in weiten Grenzen nicht stören. U6+ wird zwar auch mitextrahiert, gibt aber in der salzsauren Rückextraktionslösung mit Arsenazo III einen etwa 15mal weniger lichtabsorbierenden Farbkomplex. Da aber Uran von den getesteten Kationen trotzdem am meisten stört und in Analysenproben das Th oft begleitet, werden weitere einfache Maßnahmen gezeigt, die einen bis zu ∼5000fachen Überschuß an Uran erlauben. Es wurde gefunden, daß auch die Seltenen Erden nicht stören und die zum Test verwendeten Seltenen Erd-Chemikalien Th enthalten. Bestimmungen in Standardgesteinen und Zementproben bestätigen die Anwendbarkeit der Methode.
    Notes: Summary Thorium is concentrated to a small volume by extraction with triphenylarsine oxide in chloroform and back extraction with 4M HCl. The spectrophotometric determination is then carried out in a micro cuvette using the absorption of the arsenazo III complex at 660 nm. By this procedure a sensitivity of 7 ng of Th in 200 ml solution can be achieved. About 60 cations and 20 anions were found not to cause interferences in a wide concentration range. The most disturbing element is U6+ which is coextracted, but leads to an arsenazo complex, which absorbs light at 660 nm about 15 times less than the Th complex. By simple measures, up to 5000 times higher U contents, as to Th, can be tolerated. Also the rare earths do not disturb the Th determination and it was found, that most rare earths chemicals, which were used for the tests, contained Th. The reliability of the method was confirmed by the analysis of standard rocks and by comparing the Th analyses of concrete samples with those obtained by neutron activation analysis.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 306 (1981), S. 400-400 
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    Keywords: Best. von Kupfer(II) ; Spektralphotometrie ; Citrat, EDTA
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 307 (1981), S. 128-128 
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    Keywords: Best. von Molybdän(V) ; Spektralphotometrie ; Extraktion ; Thiocyanat ; Amidin
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 195-200 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; LAMMA 500, GerÄtebeschreibung
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 206-211 
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    Keywords: Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Folien u. Partikel
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 221-223 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Kationen in Biolog. Material ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Stria vascularis
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary It was possible to maintain the differentiated structure of inner ear tissues by freezing in supercooled propane, freeze-drying under special conditions and embedding the tissue in a low viscosity resin. Using LAMMA we were able to measure intracellular ion concentration and concentration gradients in the soft tissues such as muscle and stria vascularis specimens. The preliminary results demonstrate that the distribution of cations in the lateral wall of the cochlear duct is not uniform. The K/Na ratio in the basal cells was significantly higher (12∶1) than in the spiral ligament and middle part of the stria vascularis (7∶1). Changes of such concentration ratios recorded after anoxia suggest that an energy dependent active transport mechanism must exist in the stria vascularis.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 305 (1981), S. 410-410 
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    Keywords: Best. von Uran(VI) ; Spektralphotometrie ; Salicylaldimin-antipyrin
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 305 (1981), S. 415-416 
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    Keywords: Best. von Metol ; Spektralphotometrie ; Phenol, Sauerstoff
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 306 (1981), S. 32-32 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Titan(IV) mit Lobelin ; Spektralphotometrie ; Thiocyanatkomplex
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  • 60
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Uran in Referenzmaterialien ; Spektralphotometrie ; Ionenaustausch
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A method is described for the highly accurate determination of trace amounts of uranium in standard reference materials. The uranium is separated from the bulk elements by anion-exchange chromatography, eluting most elements with 6 M hydrochloric acid and iron(III) with 0.5 M hydrochloric acid in 90% acetone. After elution of uranium with 0.1 M hydrochloric acid, residual traces of other elements are separated by a very selective cation-exchange procedure using a 3 g resin column. Finally the uranium is determined in the hexavalent state by spectrophotometry at 672 nm of its complex with chlorophosphonazo III at pH 1.1±0.2 in the presence of DTPA. Results are very accurate and precise even on a semi-routine basis. Relevant elution curves and results are presented for recovery tests and for the analysis of the 10 South African UREM standard materials.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Uran wird von den Hauptelementen durch Anionenaustausch abgetrennt, wobei die meisten Elemente mit GM HCl und Eisen(III) mit 0,5 M HCl in 90 %igem Aceton eluiert werden. Nach der Elution von Uran mit 0,1 M HCl werden die restlichen Spuren anderer Elemente durch ein selektives Kationenaustauschverfahren (3 g Harz) abgetrennt. Das Uran wird schließlich in der sechswertigen Form als Chlorphosphonazo-III-Komplex in Gegenwart von DTPA bei 672 nm (pH 1,1±0,2) spektralphotometrisch bestimmt. Selbst bei halbroutinemäßiger Ausführung werden sehr genaue Resultate erhalten (Wiederfindung 99,7–100%). Analysenergebnisse für 10 Südafrikanische Standardmaterialien werden angegeben.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 307 (1981), S. 194-196 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Uran(VI) in Extrakten ; Spektralphotometrie ; PAN
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The Spectrophotometric method for the determination of uranium(VI) in trialkylamine extracts using 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) as a colorimetric reagent has been examined. The Job and Mole Ratio methods suggest that the coloured product is a 1∶1 complex of uranium and PAN. The method can be applied to cover the concentration range 0 to 5 g uranium per litre of extract. Sulphate interference is eliminated in the method by removal with calcium ions before colour development. Interferences from other ions likely to be present in the aqueous liquor appear to arise largely from inhibition of the uranium partition into the amine phase.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Verfahren, bei dem ein Uran-PAN-Komplex der Zusammensetzung 1∶1 gebildet wird, kann für einen Konzentrationsbereich von 0 bis 5 g U pro l Extrakt eingesetzt werden. Eine Störung durch Sulfat wird durch dessen Entfernung mit Calciumionen vor der Farbentwicklung verhindert. Störungen durch andere Ionen werden hauptsächlich durch Beeinflussung der Uranextraktion hervorgerufen.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 32-32 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von EDTA in Harn ; Spektralphotometrie ; 4-Aminoantipyrin
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 307 (1981), S. 373-377 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Phosphor in Phosphormineralien ; Spektralphotometrie ; Flow-injection
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Based on the flow injection principle and by using small sample volumes and splitting of the colorimeter output, a good reliable and reproducible method for the determination of P2O5 in phosphate rock covering the range of 0–40% on a routine basis was achieved. The system described is suitable for the routine analysis of P2O5 in the prepared phosphate rock samples at a rate of approximately 90 samples per hour with a coefficient of variation of better than 1%.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ein zuverlässiges und gut reproduzierbares Verfahren wurde ausgearbeitet, das routinemäßig für den Bereich von 0–40% geeignet ist und auf dem Flow-injection-Prinzip bei kleinen Probevolumina und Splitting des Colorimeter-Output beruht. Etwa 90 Proben können pro Stunde analysiert werden (Variationskoeffizient besser als 1%).
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  • 64
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Nifuroxim und Furazolidon nebeneinander ; Spektralphotometrie ; Orthogonal-funktionen
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The orthogonal function method has been applied to the simultaneous determination of nifuroxime and furazolidone in admixture without the need of preliminary separation. Two procedures are proposed. The first one involves measurement of a suitable solution of the mixture in the range from 309 nm to 359 nm with 10 nm intervals to determine nifuroxime, and in the range from 345 nm to 395 nm with 10 nm intervals to determine furazolidone. The second procedure involves determination of either components through measurement at the previously mentioned wavelength range while the absorbance of the partner component is measured at its λmax; correction of interference is carried out using an calculated absorbance ratio. Both methods were successfully applied to the analysis of market preparations and further application for routine analysis is recommended. Recoveries were in general between 97% and 102%.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Durch Anwendung von Orthogonalfunktionen können Nifuroxim und Furazolidon in einem Gemisch nebeneinander ohne vorausgehende Trennung bestimmt werden. Zwei verschiedene Verfahren werden vorgeschlagen. Bei dem einen erfolgen die Messungen für Nifuroxim im Bereich von 309 bis 359 nm in Intervallen von 10 nm und für Furazolidon von 345 bis 395 ebenfalls im 10 nm-Abstand. Beim zweiten Verfahren wird einer der Bestandteile bei den genannten Wellenlängen gemessen, während die Extinktion des anderen Bestandteils beim Absorptions-maximum gemessen wird. Die Korrektur für die Störung erfolgt über das berechnete Extinktionsverhältnis. Beide Verfahren wurden erfolgreich bei Handelsprodukten angewendet und werden für Routinebestimmungen empfohlen. Wiederfindungsraten lagen im allgemeinen zwischen 97 und 102%.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 229-233 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Identifizierung von Atomen, Molekülen in Haut ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; med. Behandlung
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 212-217 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Biolog. Material ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Standards, Isotopenmarkierung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Besides a remarkably high sensitivity for light elements, laser microprobe mass spectroscopy offers two main advantages for microprobe analysis: 1) the possibility to obtain data of relatively high precision and 2) the ability to discriminate isotopes. This opens the possibility to use cold isotopes as atomic labels to study cellular or subcellular kinetics of ions or labelled organic compounds. In this study photoreceptor cells were labelled with 44Ca2+ prior to LAMMA analysis to monitor Ca2+ uptake and/or Ca2+ accumulation from extracellular sources into intracellular compartments such as the various pigment granula present in these photoreceptors. As in other microprobe techniques also LAMMA analysis requires internal standards for quantitative work. For this purpose thin films of inorganic material were shown to be useful standards when deposited (in vacuum) directly onto the specimen to be analyzed. Some metals and dielectrica have been tested for their possible suitability for standardisation procedures. Even though metals like Pt, Ag, Au, Al are excellent for thin film production, they seem to be less useful for the present purpose because their threshold for laser induced perforation and ion production is rather different from that of the specimen material. However, thin film deposits of some dielectric materials such as MgF2 turned out to be more suitable to serve as an internal standard for plastic embedded biological material in LAMMA analysis.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 249-252 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Untersuchung von Flechten ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 260-269 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Untersuchung von Aerosolen ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 280-282 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Mikroanalyse von Boden ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Dünnschliffe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Experiments with a LAMMA-500 instrument were performed in order to test whether or not thin sections of soils with a thickness of more than 15 Μm could be analysed with this instrument. Although the usual thickness of the specimens for this instrument lies between 0.1–1 Μm, it was possible to analyse such thick sections by application of laser milling in which the laser beam was aimed at grazing incidence onto the edge of the section. In this way a path was cleared through the section by erosion and the material that sputtered away along this path could be analysed.
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  • 70
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 441-444 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von binären Flüssigkeitsgemischen, Best. von Wasser in Organ. Lösungsmitteln ; Spektralphotometrie ; solvatochrome Farbstoffe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein neues Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Zusammensetzung binärer Flüssigkeitsgemische mit Hilfe solvatochromer Farbstoffe wird beschrieben. Die Analyse erfolgt durch einfache UV/VIS-Absorptionsmessung und ist unter Verwendung einer Zwei-Parameter-Gleichung ein exakter Schnelltest.
    Notes: Summary A new procedure for the determination of the composition of binary liquid mixtures by the use of solvatochromic dyes is described. The analysis, which consists of a simple UV/VIS absorption measurement in combination with a two parameter equation, provides an exact and rapid test.
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