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  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 2005-2009  (17)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (3,487)
  • 2008  (17)
  • 1980  (3,487)
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Publisher
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  • 2005-2009  (17)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (3,487)
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  • 1
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    Genome sequence of the metazoan plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © 2008 Nature Publishing Group. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike license. The definitive version was published in Nature Biotechnology 26 (2008): 909-915, doi:10.1038/nbt.1482.
    Description: Plant-parasitic nematodes are major agricultural pests worldwide and novel approaches to control them are sorely needed. We report the draft genome sequence of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, a biotrophic parasite of many crops, including tomato, cotton and coffee. Most of the assembled sequence of this asexually reproducing nematode, totaling 86 Mb, exists in pairs of homologous but divergent segments. This suggests that ancient allelic regions in M. incognita are evolving toward effective haploidy, permitting new mechanisms of adaptation. The number and diversity of plant cell wall–degrading enzymes in M. incognita is unprecedented in any animal for which a genome sequence is available, and may derive from multiple horizontal gene transfers from bacterial sources. Our results provide insights into the adaptations required by metazoans to successfully parasitize immunocompetent plants, and open the way for discovering new antiparasitic strategies.
    Description: SCRI laboratory (V.C.B. and J.T.J.) received funding from the Scottish Government. This work benefited from links funded via COST Action 872. G.V.M. and V.L. are supported by ARC, CNRS, EMBO, MENRT and Region Rhone-Alpes. G.V.M., M.R.-R. and V.L. are also funded by the EU Cascade Network of Excellence and the integrated project Crescendo. M.-C.C. is supported by MENRT.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 2
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    Significant contribution of the 18.6 year tidal cycle to regional coastal changes (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature Geoscience, 1 (3). pp. 169-172.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-13
    Description: Although rising global sea levels will affect the shape of coastlines over the coming decades1, 2, the most severe and catastrophic shoreline changes occur as a consequence of local and regional-scale processes. Changes in sediment supply3 and deltaic subsidence4, 5, both natural or anthropogenic, and the occurrences of tropical cyclones4, 5 and tsunamis6 have been shown to be the leading controls on coastal erosion. Here, we use satellite images of South American mangrove-colonized mud banks collected over the past twenty years to reconstruct changes in the extent of the shoreline between the Amazon and Orinoco rivers. The observed timing of the redistribution of sediment and migration of the mud banks along the 1,500 km muddy coast suggests the dominant control of ocean forcing by the 18.6 year nodal tidal cycle7. Other factors affecting sea level such as global warming or El Niño and La Niña events show only secondary influences on the recorded changes. In the coming decade, the 18.6 year cycle will result in an increase of mean high water levels of 6 cm along the coast of French Guiana, which will lead to a 90 m shoreline retreat.
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  • 3
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    Particulate organic carbon flux in the oceans-surface productivity and oxygen utilization (1980)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 288 (5788). pp. 260-263.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-01
    Description: Organic detritus passing from the sea surface through the water column to the sea floor controls nutrient regeneration, fuels benthic life and affects burial of organic carbon in the sediment record. Particle trap systems have enabled the first quantification of this important process. The results suggest that the dominant mechanism of vertical transport is by rapid settling of rare large particles, most likely of faecal pellets or marine snow of the order of 〉200 μm in diameter, whereas the more frequent small particles have an insignificant role in vertical mass flux4–6. The ultimate source of organic detritus is biological production in surface waters of the oceans. I determine here an empirical relationship that predicts organic carbon flux at any depth in the oceans below the base of the euphotic zone as a function of the mean net primary production rate at the surface and depth-dependent consumption. Such a relationship aids in estimating rates of decay of organic matter in the water column, benthic and water column respiration of oxygen in the deep sea and burial of organic carbon in the sediment record.
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  • 4
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    Biosynthetic capacities of actinomycetes. 46. Genoketides A1 and A2, new octaketides and biosynthetic intermediates of chrysophanol produced by Streptomyces sp. AK 671 (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Journal of Antibiotics, 61 . pp. 464-473.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-09
    Description: The new aromatic polyketides genoketide A1, genoketide A2 and prechrysophanol glucuronide are biosynthetic intermediates of the octaketide chrysophanol. They were isolated from the alkaliphilic strain Streptomyces sp. AK 671 together with the new metabolite chrysophanol glucuronide. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by mass spectrometry and NMR methods. Genoketide A2 exhibited a slight and prechrysophanol glucuronide a more pronounced inhibition of the proliferation of L5178y lymphoma cells.
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  • 5
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    Agulhas leakage dynamics affects decadal variability in Atlantic overturning circulation (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 456 . pp. 489-492.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Predicting the evolution of climate over decadal timescales requires a quantitative understanding of the dynamics that govern the meridional overturning circulation (MOC)1. Comprehensive ocean measurement programmes aiming to monitor MOC variations have been established in the subtropical North Atlantic2, 3 (RAPID, at latitude 26.5° N, and MOVE, at latitude 16° N) and show strong variability on intraseasonal to interannual timescales. Observational evidence of longer-term changes in MOC transport remains scarce, owing to infrequent sampling of transoceanic sections over past decades4, 5. Inferences based on long-term sea surface temperature records, however, supported by model simulations, suggest a variability with an amplitude of plusminus1.5–3 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3 s-1) on decadal timescales in the subtropics6. Such variability has been attributed to variations of deep water formation in the sub-arctic Atlantic, particularly the renewal rate of Labrador Sea Water7. Here we present results from a model simulation that suggest an additional influence on decadal MOC variability having a Southern Hemisphere origin: dynamic signals originating in the Agulhas leakage region at the southern tip of Africa. These contribute a MOC signal in the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic that is of the same order of magnitude as the northern source. A complete rationalization of observed MOC changes therefore also requires consideration of signals arriving from the south.
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  • 6
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    Mesozoic climate - Liverworts and all (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature Geoscience, 1 (1). pp. 14-15.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-22
    Description: The relationship between carbon dioxide and climate over millions of years has been a source of controversy. Fossilized liverwort leaves can help illuminate both temperature and atmospheric carbon dioxide levels from 200 to 60 million years ago.
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  • 7
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    Phosphorus cycling in the North and South Atlantic Ocean subtropical gyres (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature Geoscience, 1 (7). pp. 439-443.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-23
    Description: Despite similar physical properties, the Northern and Southern Atlantic subtropical gyres have different biogeochemical regimes. The Northern subtropical gyre, which is subject to iron deposition from Saharan dust1, is depleted in the nutrient phosphate, possibly as a result of iron-enhanced nitrogen fixation2. Although phosphate depleted, rates of carbon fixation in the euphotic zone of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre are comparable to those of the South Atlantic subtropical gyre3, which is not phosphate limited. Here we use the activity of the phosphorus-specific enzyme alkaline phosphatase to show potentially enhanced utilization of dissolved organic phosphorus occurring over much of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre. We find that during the boreal spring up to 30% of primary production in the North Atlantic gyre is supported by dissolved organic phosphorus. Our diagnostics and composite map of the surface distribution of dissolved organic phosphorus in the subtropical Atlantic Ocean reveal shorter residence times in the North Atlantic gyre than the South Atlantic gyre. We interpret the asymmetry of dissolved organic phosphorus cycling in the two gyres as a consequence of enhanced nitrogen fixation in the North Atlantic Ocean4, which forces the system towards phosphorus limitation. We suggest that dissolved organic phosphorus utilization may contribute to primary production in other phosphorus-limited ocean settings as well.
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  • 8
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    Arc-parallel flow in the mantle wedge beneath Costa Rica and Nicaragua (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 451 (7182). pp. 1094-1097.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-26
    Description: Resolving flow geometry in the mantle wedge is central to understanding the thermal and chemical structure of subduction zones, subducting plate dehydration, and melting that leads to arc volcanism, which can threaten large populations and alter climate through gas and particle emission. Here we show that isotope geochemistry and seismic velocity anisotropy provide strong evidence for trench-parallel flow in the mantle wedge beneath Costa Rica and Nicaragua. This finding contradicts classical models, which predict trench-normal flow owing to the overlying wedge mantle being dragged downwards by the subducting plate. The isotopic signature of central Costa Rican volcanic rocks is not consistent with its derivation from the mantle wedge1, 2, 3 or eroded fore-arc complexes4 but instead from seamounts of the Galapagos hotspot track on the subducting Cocos plate. This isotopic signature decreases continuously from central Costa Rica to northwestern Nicaragua. As the age of the isotopic signature beneath Costa Rica can be constrained and its transport distance is known, minimum northwestward flow rates can be estimated (63–190 mm yr-1) and are comparable to the magnitude of subducting Cocos plate motion (approx85 mm yr-1). Trench-parallel flow needs to be taken into account in models evaluating thermal and chemical structure and melt generation in subduction zones.
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  • 9
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    Advancing Decadal-Scale Climate Prediction in the North Atlantic Sector (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 453 . pp. 84-88.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-18
    Description: The climate of the North Atlantic region exhibits fluctuations on decadal timescales that have large societal consequences. Prominent examples include hurricane activity in the Atlantic1, and surface-temperature and rainfall variations over North America2, Europe3 and northern Africa4. Although these multidecadal variations are potentially predictable if the current state of the ocean is known5, 6, 7, the lack of subsurface ocean observations8 that constrain this state has been a limiting factor for realizing the full skill potential of such predictions9. Here we apply a simple approach—that uses only sea surface temperature (SST) observations—to partly overcome this difficulty and perform retrospective decadal predictions with a climate model. Skill is improved significantly relative to predictions made with incomplete knowledge of the ocean state10, particularly in the North Atlantic and tropical Pacific oceans. Thus these results point towards the possibility of routine decadal climate predictions. Using this method, and by considering both internal natural climate variations and projected future anthropogenic forcing, we make the following forecast: over the next decade, the current Atlantic meridional overturning circulation will weaken to its long-term mean; moreover, North Atlantic SST and European and North American surface temperatures will cool slightly, whereas tropical Pacific SST will remain almost unchanged. Our results suggest that global surface temperature may not increase over the next decade, as natural climate variations in the North Atlantic and tropical Pacific temporarily offset the projected anthropogenic warming.
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  • 10
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    Saline water sinking (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature Geoscience, 1 (7). pp. 423-424.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-23
    Description: Ninety-five million years ago, ocean bottom waters were much warmer than at present. Some of this warmth could have come from the proto-North Atlantic's continental shelves after the balmy surface waters became increasingly salty through evaporation.
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  • 11
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    Influence of brine formation on Arctic Ocean circulation over the past 15 million years (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature Geoscience, 1 . pp. 68-72.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The early oceanographic history of the Arctic Ocean is important in regulating, and responding to, climatic changes. However, constraints on its oceanographic history preceding the Quaternary (the past 1.8 Myr) have become available only recently, because of the difficulties associated with obtaining continuous sediment records in such a hostile setting. Here, we use the neodymium isotope compositions of two sediment cores recovered near the North Pole to reconstruct over the past approx15 Myr the sources contributing to Arctic Intermediate Water, a water mass found today at depths of 200 to 1,500 m. We interpret high neodymium ratios for the period between 15 and 2 Myr ago, and for the glacial periods thereafter, as indicative of weathering input from the Siberian Putoranan basalts into the Arctic Ocean. Arctic Intermediate Water was then derived from brine formation in the Eurasian shelf regions, with only a limited contribution of intermediate water from the North Atlantic. In contrast, the modern circulation pattern, with relatively high contributions of North Atlantic Intermediate Water and negligible input from brine formation, exhibits low neodymium isotope ratios and is typical for the interglacial periods of the past 2 Myr. We suggest that changes in climatic conditions and the tectonic setting were responsible for switches between these two modes.
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  • 12
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    Synchronous basin-wide formation and redox-controlled preservation of a Mediterranean sapropel (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature Geoscience, 1 . pp. 606-610.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-22
    Description: Organic-rich sedimentary units called sapropels have formed repeatedly in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, in response to variations of solar radiation. Sapropel formation is due to a change either in the flux of organic matter to the sea floor from productivity changes or in preservation by bottom-water oxygen levels. However, the relative importance of surface-ocean productivity versus deep-water preservation for the formation of these organic-rich shale beds is still being debated, and conflicting interpretations are often invoked1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Here we analyse at high resolution the differences in the composition of the most recent sapropel, S1, in a suite of cores covering the entire eastern Mediterranean basin. We demonstrate that during the 4,000 years of sapropel formation, surface-water salinity was reduced and the deep eastern Mediterranean Sea, below 1,800 m depth, was devoid of oxygen. This resulted in the preferential basin-wide preservation of sapropel S1 with different characteristics above and below 1,800 m depth as a result of different redox conditions. We conclude that climate-induced stratification of the ocean may therefore contribute to enhanced preservation of organic matter in sapropels and potentially also in black shales.
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  • 13
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    The Phaeodactylum genome reveals the evolutionary history of diatom genomes (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 456 . pp. 239-244.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-06
    Description: Diatoms are photosynthetic secondary endosymbionts found throughout marine and freshwater environments, and are believed to be responsible for around one-fifth of the primary productivity on Earth1, 2. The genome sequence of the marine centric diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana was recently reported, revealing a wealth of information about diatom biology3, 4, 5. Here we report the complete genome sequence of the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and compare it with that of T. pseudonana to clarify evolutionary origins, functional significance and ubiquity of these features throughout diatoms. In spite of the fact that the pennate and centric lineages have only been diverging for 90 million years, their genome structures are dramatically different and a substantial fraction of genes (approx40%) are not shared by these representatives of the two lineages. Analysis of molecular divergence compared with yeasts and metazoans reveals rapid rates of gene diversification in diatoms. Contributing factors include selective gene family expansions, differential losses and gains of genes and introns, and differential mobilization of transposable elements. Most significantly, we document the presence of hundreds of genes from bacteria. More than 300 of these gene transfers are found in both diatoms, attesting to their ancient origins, and many are likely to provide novel possibilities for metabolite management and for perception of environmental signals. These findings go a long way towards explaining the incredible diversity and success of the diatoms in contemporary oceans.
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  • 14
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    The response of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to recent climate change (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature Geoscience, 1 . pp. 864-869.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-22
    Description: Observations show a significant intensification of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies, the prevailing winds between the latitudes of 30° and 60° S, over the past decades. A continuation of this intensification trend is projected by climate scenarios for the twenty-first century. The response of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean to changes in wind stress and surface buoyancy fluxes is under debate. Here we analyse the Argo network of profiling floats and historical oceanographic data to detect coherent hemispheric-scale warming and freshening trends that extend to depths of more than 1,000 m. The warming and freshening is partly related to changes in the properties of the water masses that make up the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, which are consistent with the anthropogenic changes in heat and freshwater fluxes suggested by climate models. However, we detect no increase in the tilt of the surfaces of equal density across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, in contrast to coarse-resolution model studies. Our results imply that the transport in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and meridional overturning in the Southern Ocean are insensitive to decadal changes in wind stress.
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  • 15
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    Climate change: Acid test for marine biodiversity (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 454 . pp. 46-47.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide lead to acidification of the oceans. A site in the Mediterranean, naturally carbonated by under-sea volcanoes, provides clues to the possible effects on marine ecosystems.
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  • 16
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    Recent Antarctic ice mass loss from radar interferometry and regional climate modelling (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature Geoscience, 1 (2). pp. 106-110.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-01-07
    Description: Large uncertainties remain in the current and future contribution to sea level rise from Antarctica. Climate warming may increase snowfall in the continent’s interior1,2,3, but enhance glacier discharge at the coast where warmer air and ocean temperatures erode the buttressing ice shelves4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11. Here, we use satellite interferometric synthetic-aperture radar observations from 1992 to 2006 covering 85% of Antarctica’s coastline to estimate the total mass flux into the ocean. We compare the mass fluxes from large drainage basin units with interior snow accumulation calculated from a regional atmospheric climate model for 1980 to 2004. In East Antarctica, small glacier losses in Wilkes Land and glacier gains at the mouths of the Filchner and Ross ice shelves combine to a near-zero loss of 4±61 Gt yr−1. In West Antarctica, widespread losses along the Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas increased the ice sheet loss by 59% in 10 years to reach 132±60 Gt yr−1 in 2006. In the Peninsula, losses increased by 140% to reach 60±46 Gt yr−1 in 2006. Losses are concentrated along narrow channels occupied by outlet glaciers and are caused by ongoing and past glacier acceleration. Changes in glacier flow therefore have a significant, if not dominant impact on ice sheet mass balance.
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  • 17
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    The first fossil cephalopod statoliths to be described from Europe (1980)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 287 (5783). pp. 628-630.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-15
    Description: Statoliths of cephalopods are small, hard calcareous stones which lie within the cartilaginous skulls of octopods, sepioids and teuthoids1. Fossil statoliths, clearly belonging to genera which are alive today, have previously been described from 11 Cenozoic deposits spanning from the Eocene to the Pleistocene in North America2–5. Such statoliths are of particular interest because they provide a means of studying the evolution of living cephalopod groups which have no calcareous shells, including the cosmopolitan and numerous teuthoids and octopods. Here, the first cephalopod statoliths to be recognized in European deposits are described and identified as Loligo sp. They are compared with the North American fossil Loligo species and statoliths removed from the two living Loligo species of Europe.
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  • 18
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    From climate assessment to climate services (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature Geoscience, 1 . pp. 2-3.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change has convinced the public that climate change is real. To tackle it, the panel needs complementary climate services that provide continuous climate information for all regions and the globe.
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  • 19
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    Persistent summer expansion of the Atlantic Warm Pool during glacial abrupt cold events (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-31
    Description: Palaeoclimate records and numerical model simulations indicate that changes in tropical and subtropical sea surface temperatures and in the annual average position of the intertropical convergence zone are linked to high-latitude climate changes on millennial to glacial–interglacial timescales. It has recently been suggested that cooling in the high latitudes associated with abrupt climate-change events is evident primarily during the northern hemisphere winter, implying increased seasonality at these times8. However, it is unclear whether such a seasonal bias also exists for the low latitudes. Here we analyse the Mg/Ca ratios of surface-dwelling foraminifera to reconstruct sea surface temperatures in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico for the past 300,000 years. We suggest that sea surface temperatures are controlled by the migration of the northern boundary of the Atlantic Warm Pool, and hence the position of the intertropical convergence zone during boreal summer, and are relatively insensitive to winter conditions. Our results suggest that summer Atlantic Warm Pool expansion is primarily affected by glacial–interglacial variability and low-latitude summer insolation. Because a clear signature of rapid climate-change events, such as the Younger Dryas cold event, is lacking in our record, we conclude that high-latitude events seem to influence only the winter Caribbean climate conditions, consistent with the hypothesis of extreme northern-hemisphere seasonality during abrupt cooling events.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How heavy is a cold photon? (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 643-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A welcome sign of the healthy state of theoretical physics today is the breakdown of the barriers which are insisted upon by grant-giving bodies and by most physics departments. Our research students in Britain, for example, must be strictly divided into astrophysicists (responsible to the SRC ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288643a0
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incidental DNA (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 647-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THERE can be two ways of looking at the extraordinarily large amounts of DNA in the eukaryotic genome. One is to keep looking for functions (mostly of a non-conventional nature, for example, determining nucleotypic effects1), and the other is to realise that lack of function is precisely what one ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288647a0
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Siderophile-enriched sediments from the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 651-656 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Siderophilic element concentrations are high in sediments from the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary. An extraterrestrial source is indicated. Concentrations are too high to be understood in terms of the impact of a chondritic asteroid. Either the projectile was a metal-sulphide core or the ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288651a0
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Britain, France and nuclear weapons (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 631-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Between now and 20 January, when Mr Ronald Reagan will be inaugurated as president of the United States, much important business elsewhere will be conducted in a vacuum. So much is clear from last week's meeting of the NATO Council in Brussels. Many of those present seem to have been as ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288631a0
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    More on museums (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 638-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - May someone who is not by profession a scientist join in your controversy about "Museum pieces"? For like so many other non-scientists I do have a strong interest here, and that an interest of the kind which surely ought, in the present case, to be overriding. That is to say, I am a devoted ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288638c0
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pacifica and New Zealand: proposed eastern elements in Gondwanaland's history (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 659-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The origin of the sediments of the Canterbury Suite to the east of the Alpine Fault in New Zealand, cannot have derived from Marie Byrd Land before or during the breaking up of Gondwanaland. It is argued that the sediments may have derived from the lost continent of Pacifica, which is supposed to ...
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    Crystal structure of yeast tRNA Asp (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 669-674 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Two independent, three-dimensional structures of yeast tRNAAsp, mainly differing by the conformation of the D loop, have been obtained from a multiple isomorphous replacement (MIR) X-ray analysis at 3.5-Å resolution. The folding of the ribose–phosphate backbone is similar ...
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    Unambiguous mass determination of major stratospheric positive ions (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 684-686 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The data were obtained with a balloon-borne mass spectrometer, flown on 16 June 1980 with a 100,000m3 stratospheric balloon at mid-latitude (CNES launching base at Gap-Tallard, France, 4433'N). The instrument was launched at 20.38 UT and reached float altitude (34 km) at 22.50 ?t, time at which the ...
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    Boninite at a continental margin (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 692-694 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Textures of Kopi boninite. a, Acicular crystals and skeletal chains of augite, and a few lozenges of pigeonite jacketed by augite. Field width, 1.3 mm. b, Spinifex texture; oriented blades of chlori-tized pigeonite rimmed by augite, and a few, dark, cross-cutting olivine dendrites. Matrix is ...
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    Multiple extraocular photoreceptive areas on genitalia of butterfly Papilio xuthus (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 700-702 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Electrophysiological recordings were made on summer forms of P. xuthus collected from a wild population in June 1980. For anatomical studies we used spring forms reared on a semi-artificial diet in the laboratory at 20 C and with a 8L:16D light regime. We found that two (N5, N6) of the six pairs ...
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    Growth-modulating plasma tripeptide may function by facilitating copper uptake into cells (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 715-717 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] GHL was synthesized by coupling 7Va-t-butyloxycarbonyl-7V'm-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-histidine to benzyl Ne-benzyloxy-carbonyl-L-lysine using a mixed anhydride procedure involving isobutyl chloroformate and ?-methyl morpholine to yield benzyl Na -t-butyloxycarbonyl-Nim ...
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    1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol stimulation of a mitochondrial protein in chick intestinal cells (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 718-720 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Synthesis of CaBP is not optimal until after maximum stimulation of calcium transport by 1,25-(OH)2D3 (rf. 3)-there is significant stimulation of calcium transport before any CaBP can be detected in the intestinal cell. Thus CaBP cannot have a direct effect on calcium transport and other factors ...
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    Defective repair of alkylated DNA by human tumour and SV40-transformed human cell strains (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 724-727 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Mer4" and Mer strains were treated with 14C-MNNG and analysed directly following and 20-h after treatment for DNA-bound O6-MeG and AT7-MeG (A/^-methylguamne; see Table 1). O6-MeG is not removed appreciably from the DNA of Mer strains over the 20-h incubation period. However, the amount of O6-MeG ...
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    Erratum: Anomalous region on Mars: implications for near-surface liquid water * (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 735-738 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] An anomalous region has been identified on Mars from the 1971 and 1973 Earth-based Goldstone radar data. This region is characterized by coincident very high radar reflectivities, and unusual smoothness. Very few realistic surface morphologies can generate such return-signals. Liquid water within ...
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    Role of PGE 2 in anion exchange in gastric mucosa (reply) (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 740-740 
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    Notes: [Auszug] SCHIESSEL ET AL. REPLY-We acknowledge the validity of the argument that PGE2 cannot alter the trans-concentration effect because replacement anions which do not exchange for Cl, were used in the secretory solution, and we were aware of that fact. In these experimental conditions, however, failure ...
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    Cellular regulatory mechanisms (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 744-744 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE editors of this large book are also the main contributors as authors or co-authors of 11 of the 15 chapters. Their aim, according to the preface, is to discern basic regulatory principles and to embody these in a theoretical approach which can be applied to any set of metabolic reactions. ...
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    Models and mergers in mathematical ecology (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 628-628 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THIS large book is an attempt to present the basic ideation behind two fields of biology - population genetics and ecology - and to initiate the merger between the two which has long been overdue. Population genetics had a pre-Mendelian start with Galton, but, of course, it was the discovery of the ...
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    Herbal facsimiles (1980)
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    Nature 288 (1980), S. 630-630 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A NEW pair of facsimiles reprints the first Latin and the first vernacular herbals published in Italy, the former in 1481, the latter in 1522. The 1481 book, probably the earliest illustrated herbal printed, is the Herbarium of Pseudo-Apuleius, a Graeco-Roman compilation with mediaeval trimmings, ...
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    Genetic engineering: Hormone growth (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 528-528 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Genentech, the California-based biotechnology company, will begin clinical trials of its latest genetically-engineered product, human growth hormone (HGH), in London this January. But Genentech's industrial partners in the venture, Kabi Vitrum AG of Sweden, are somewhat ambivalent about the ...
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    Court feasibility (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 532-532 
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    Notes: [Auszug] SIR- Your United States election Scoreboard of plusses and minuses (Nature 13 November, p. 107) scores the President-elect's statement that he would explore the feasibility of a "science court" as a "plus". This seems only justifiable if one regards a statement that feasibility will be explored as ...
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    Cretaceous ammonites (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 535-535 
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    Notes: [Auszug] AMMONITES are an extinct group of Cephalopods that flourished during the Mesozoic era 240 to 65 million years ago. Their world-wide distribution and speed of evolution, reflected in distinctive shell features, makes them the most useful macrofossils in the Mesozoic for relative dating of rocks. ...
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    Coronavirus come of age (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 536-538 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ALMOST thirty years after the pioneering work of A. W. Gledhill and C.H. Andrewes at the Mill Hill laboratories established the essential features of murine hepatitis virus (MHV) infection (Brit. J. exp. Pathol. 32, 559) the first international conference on the coronavirus group, of which MHV is ...
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    Comets and the origin of life (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 540-540 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] COMETS are the most spectacular bodies in our solar system and the anticipated return of Halley's Comet in 1985-6 has already proved a catalyst for increased cometary research. As the comet nucleus contains, perhaps with the exception of phosphorus, the necessary ingredients for life on this ...
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    The constancy of the solar diameter over the past 250 years (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 548-551 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Reconsideration of meridian circle observations with analysis of transits of Mercury and durations of total solar eclipses indicate that there has been no detectable secular change in the solar diameter during the past 250 ...
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    Transition to oscillatory motion in the Taylor experiment (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 567-569 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The variety of phenomena observable in the Taylor experiment can be classified in terms of a Reynolds number R whose value fixes dynamical similarity for given proportions of the annular space filled by the fluid: say, R = lr^d/v, where O is the angular velocity of the inner cylinder, r ? its ...
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    Clays from New Zealand support the inactive particle theory of soil sensitivity (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 576-577 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Sensitivity is a measure of the loss in strength which occurs when a soil is disturbed or remoulded. In extreme cases the undisturbed soil strength can be several hundred times as great as the remoulded strength2. The ratio of undisturbed to remoulded strength indicates the sensitivity (St). Soils ...
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    Books Received (1980)
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    Nature 288 (1980), S. 522-523 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Mathematics EDWARDS, B. The Readable Maths and Statistics Book. Pp.328. Hbk ISBN 0-04-31007-4. (Allen & Unwin: 1980.) Hbk £15; pbk £6.95. JACOBS, O.L.R. etal. Analysis and Optimisation of Stochastic Systems. Based on the Proceedings of the International Conference held at the ...
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    Harvard finally backs off gene venture (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 311-311 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Harvard University's flirtation with the commercial exploitation of recombinant DNA research came to an end last week. After a period of agonizing and second thoughts by the faculty and administration (see Nature 20 November), the president of the university, Dr Derek Bok, put out a statement that ...
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    Bangladesh: Planning science (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 314-314 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Dacca Better use of the existing facilities and manpower for scientific research and development are given special attention in the Bangladesh government's Second Five-Year Plan, now published. In research and development, priority is given to agriculture, light and heavy industry, energy ...
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    Science East and West: reflections of Peter Kapitza (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 627-627 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] PETER Leonidovich Kapitza was born on July 9, 1894, and began his scientific work in the Polytechnic Institute of St Petersburg, from which he graduated in 1918. In 1921 he was sent by the Soviet authorities to work under Lord Rutherford in Cambridge, where he stayed until 1934, the Royal Society ...
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    Geothermal maps (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 629-630 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE production of subsurface temperature maps for an area the size of the European Economic Community is an undertaking that requires a degree of faith. If it can be assumed that the available, sparsely distributed, temperature and thermal conductivity data adequately characterize the near-surface ...
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    Harvard backs off recombinant DNA (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 423-424 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Harvard University's decision (see Nature 27 November) not to become a minority partner in a commercial venture to exploit recombinant DNA technology will have more than merely parochial consequences. Although it is probably no longer the case that universities in the United States and even ...
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    Anti-trust waiver for industrial research (1980)
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    Nature 288 (1980), S. 425-425 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Washington The US Department of Justice has given the green light to research programmes jointly sponsored by two or more private companies, arguing that in general - and provided certain criteria are respected - these should not conflict with the country's strict anti-trust legislation. ...
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    Radiometric dating of sediments using fission tracks in conodonts (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 359-361 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Conodonts consist of carbonate apatite and trace amounts of organic material5 and their structure consists of concentric lamellae, usually around a single growth centre. Lamellae of many conodonts average 2-3 ?? thickness, with some inter-lamellar spaces of 0.5-1.0 ?? thickness6. Individual ...
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    Peptidergic transmitters in synaptic boutons of sympathetic ganglia (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 380-382 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The ninth and tenth ganglia of the bullfrog, the two most caudal ones in the paravertebral sympathetic chain, were used in these experiments because extensive electrophysiological studies have used them. By using several anti-LHRH sera raised in different laboratories, and the ...
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    Pathways of endocytosis (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 434-436 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ENDOCYTOSIS is an elegant biological solution to two related needs of living cells - the need to retrieve material bound to the plasma membrane and the need to recover the membrane itself. But what components of the membrane enter the cell and what happens to them? Exogenous ligands - nutrients or ...
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    Erratum (1980)
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    Nature 288 (1980), S. 438-438 
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    Notes: [Auszug] In the News and Views article "Lessons from a peptidergic neurone" by B. T. Pickering (13 November, 288,117; 1980) the molecular weights quoted were incorrectly altered by the insertion of 'K' and should instead by read in ...
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    H–2-linked genes control immune response to V-domains of myeloma protein 315 (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 396-397 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Various strains of mice were injected separately with 100 of V"5 and V£15 (carrier) and 200 g of hapten coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA). The hapten was the (4-hydroxy-5-iodo-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NIP) group. The Th responses to the two carrier antigens were determined by transferring ...
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    Conservation and rearrangement of mitochondrial structural gene sequences (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 404-406 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The yeast DNAs that we have used to locate homologous Aspergillus sequences by hybridization are derived from the mtDNA of particular well defined petite (p) deletion mutants of yeast. The deletion is usually large and sometimes leaves as little as 0.1% of the mitochondrial genome intact, so that ...
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    Salt-dependent dynamic structure of poly(dG-dC) · poly(dG-dC) (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 413-414 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The exchange rate of the five protons involved in the hydrogen bonds between guanosine and cytosine residues in poly(dG-dC). poly(dG-dC) were measured at two different ionic strengths (1 M NaClO4 and 3 M NaClO4). As Fig. 1 shows, there is dramatic difference between the two hydrogen exchange ...
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    Soviet fertilizers: Going it alone (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 314-314 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fertilizer production has been hived off from the Soviet Ministry of the Chemical Industry and now merits a ministry of its own, under Minister Aleksei Petrishchev, previously deputy chairman of the State Committee for Material and Technical Supply. At the same time, a new Minister of the Chemical ...
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    Books Received (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 421-422 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Astronomy BHME et ai (eds). Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts. Vol. 26, Literature 1979, Part 2. Pp.794. ISBN 3-540-10134-9. (Springer-Verlag: 1980.) DM 118, $69.70. HOGNER, W. and RICHTER, N. Isophotometric Atlas of Comets, Part 1. Pp.90 (loose-leaf binder). ISBN 3-540-09171-8. ...
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    Science Research Council comes clean (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 203-203 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The UK Science Research Council (SRC), which could not say (see Nature 13 October) how many research grants were outstanding at the end of the last financial year because of a computer oversight, has now produced reliable figures. According to the revised account, 3,933 grants were current on 31 ...
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    Radioactive waste: Brussels helps (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 205-205 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The parallel research programmes of the European Economic Community (EEC) and Canada on the storage of radioactive waste are to be linked, A five-year agreement was signed in Brussels on 3 November between the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) and Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. It follows on ...
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    German science: New man arrives (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 206-207 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Germany has a new Minister for Science and Technology: 43-year-old Andreas von Bülow, who since 1976 has been Parliamentary Undersecretary of State for Defence. The Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie BMFT is Dr von Bülow's first ministerial appointment - as it was for ...
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    Refrigerator brew (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 208-208 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-One of the problems associated with Legionnaires' disease lies in the tracking down of the source of infection. Air conditioning systems seem to be prime suspects. So far as I am aware, nobody has thought of looking behind refrigerators. Having had occasion to do this recently, I was taken ...
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    Deep drilling in African lakes (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 211-212 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE climatic environmental history of Africa is a major unknown on a time scale from thousands to millions of years. So far as the Pleistocene is concerned, we are building up a fairly complete picture of the characteristics of climatic change, both on the northern continents and over the oceans. ...
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    Latitudinal beaming of planetary radio emissions (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 225-229 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Voyager missions have revealed that jovian kilometric radiation (emanating from Jupiter's magnetosphere) is beamed away from the zenomagnetic equator. Results from GEOS 1 show that terrestrial non-thermal continuum or myriametric radiation is similarly beamed away from the geomagnetic ...
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    Nucleotide sequence of cDNA coding for Semliki Forest virus membrane glycoproteins (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 236-241 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The genes coding for the three membrane polypeptides of Semliki Forest virus have been sequenced and the primary structures of the proteins deduced. The amino acid sequence gives further insight into how the transmembrane structure of the three-chain virus membrane glycoprotein is generated in the ...
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    Tolerance as an active process (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 385-387 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Table 1 A requirement for protein synthesis during tolerance induction % Of control Age of donor cells Experimental group response* 1-3 day neonatal Tolerogen (DNP10-OVA) 28.5 ±7.0 1-3 day neonatal Puromycin alone 87.5±12.7 1-3 day neonatal Tolerogen -I- ...
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    Precursor and effector phenotypes of activated human T lymphocytes (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 391-393 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from six healthy donors were stimulated in vitro with PHA. The cultures were maintained for 30 days by repeatedly changing the culture medium. After 3, 8,11,18 and 23 days, 5 x IO6 activated cells were taken from the suspension cultures and divided into two ...
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    Sperm-specific surface antigenicity common to seven animal phyla (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 397-399 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Cross-reactivity of SSA with sperm of four species visualized by the immunoperoxidase procedure. Approximately equal numbers of spermatozoa (5xl08ml1) were used for each reaction (tube on left,SSA; tube on right, preimmuneserum), a, 5. purpuratus (sea urchin); b, Rattus norvegicus (rat); c, ...
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    The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 373-376 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Descending thoracic aortas were excised from white, male, New Zeaiand rabbits (2-3 kg), and trimmed free of adhering fat and connective tissue as previously described2. Transverse rings of 2.5-rnm width were cut with scissors or with a special cutting device containing five parallel razor blades. A ...
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    Direct observation of a transverse periodicity in collagen fibrils (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 410-413 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Many aspects of the structure of collagen fibrils have been satisfactorily accounted for in recent years. The chain conformation in tropocollagen molecules has recently been refined by Fraser et al.13, and the axial striation patterns in positively stained aggregates of collagen have been ...
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    Telescopes of the future: heading for the supergiants (1980)
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    Nature 288 (1980), S. 419-419 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] AT A time when the financial outlook for fundamental science may appear bleak, these two volumes should raise the spirits even of the pessimistic. Undaunted, more than 200 scientists and engineers gathered at Tucson, Arizona, in January 1980 to discuss how best to apply the latest technologies to ...
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    Deciding where to put nuclear plants (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 201-202 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Even the most embittered opponents of nuclear power must be surprised at the good luck that has come their way in the past few months. First, there was the accident at Three Mile Island in March 1979, the chief casualty of which was the reputation of the US Nuclear Regulatory Agency. In the wake of ...
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    European science: Foundation stones (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 204-204 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Strasbourg The European Science Foundation ended its annual general assembly here last week (13 November) in a vaguely hesitant frame of mind. Unlike previous assemblies, this was less a general amplification of the enthusiasm for international collaboration of member organizations (now 47 ...
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    Waste disposal: UK goes French (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 205-206 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] British Nuclear Fuels Ltd (BNFL) whispered last week its intention to use the French AVM process for vitrifying highly active nuclear waste emerging from the Windscale reprocessing plant, thus bypassing the British "Harvest" vitrification research programme which has been under way at Harwell. ...
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    Indian environment: Shandi inverted (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 207-207 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Bangalore Mrs Gandhi's new government seems to have taken the environment to heart, to judge from the spate of decisions since the election at the beginning of the year and the appearance of the environment in the newly published Sixth Development Plan. In recent years, environmental abuse in ...
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    Frequency tripling (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 208-208 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Your correspondent's comments on the US inertial-confinement fusion (ICF) programme contains a minor inaccuracy (Nature 16 October p.573). University of Rochester scientists have, in fact, frequency-tripled the output of their glass laser thus converting the 1.054 ?? light to 0.3513 ?? ...
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    Something ventured, something done (1980)
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    Nature 288 (1980), S. 204-204 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Both the new research projects approved by the 1980 assembly are in the social sciences. One, under the rubric of "comparative law", and to which ten countries have agreed to contribute, includes an attempt to define and compare the medical responsibility within Europe. The study will include the ...
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    Fusion research: Livermore looks up (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 204-205 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Washington After a period of considerable uncertainty, scientists in the two main fusion energy programmes at the US Department of Energy's Lawrence Livermore Laboratory in California are confident that recent technical advances are given a significant boost to the chances of being able to exploit ...
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    Nuclear fallout: Weapons are worst (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 207-207 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] States with substantial nuclear industries should do everything they can to avoid strategic nuclear attacks. That is one of the inevitably ironical conclusions of a study of catastrophic nuclear radiation releases by Steve Fetter and Kosta Tsipis of the Program in Science and Technology for ...
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    The possible functional significance of phosphatidylethanolamine methylation: Reply from J. Axelrod and F. Hirata (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 278-279 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] From papers published in our own and other laboratories, Vance and de KruijfT make calculations showing that phos-pholipid methylation activities observed in a variety of tissues and cells are very low. They then argue that because of these low enzyme activities, all the reported findings on the ...
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    The enkephalinase inhibitor thiorphan shows antinociceptive activity in mice (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 286-288 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Thiorphan was designed to interact with critical residues of the active site of enkephalinase, as postulated on a hypothetical model (Fig. 1). The model was developed on the assumption that binding of enkephalins to this active site occurs in a manner analogous to that established at the molecular ...
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    Structure of crystalline actin sheets (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 296-298 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Although actin is one of the most abundant proteins found in nature, little detailed information about its molecular structure is available beyond the amino acid sequence1,2. Electron microscopy of negatively stained filaments combined with three-dimensional image reconstruction ...
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    Noradrenergic transmission (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 301-302 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] I WISH to raise two points concerning the discussion and conclusion in a recent report by Hirst and Nield1, First, evidence quoted to illustrate that a portion of sympathetic postganglionic transmission is resistant to adrenorecep-tor antagonists was derived from work on rodent vasa deferentia: ...
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    Immunoglobulin C μ RNA in T lymphoma cells is not translated (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 290-293 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The cloned ? lymphoma lines chosen for study were STRij-4-2.2 (ST4), STRij-1.3 (ST1), WEHI-22.1 (W22), EL-4.1 (EL4) (described in rf. 8) and WEHI-112.1 (W112): they contained 33, 1.5, 3, 1.5 and 30-50 molecules of C" RNA per cell, respectively. In addition, two B lymphoma cell lines, WEHI-231 ...
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    B, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn, Mo, Zn … (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 306-306 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] PROBLEMS associated with contamination of the environment by traces of heavy metals are of considerable concern to many scientists and laymen. Somewhat strangely, relatively little interest is shown in the equally important problems associated with deficiencies of the trace elements that are ...
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    Anthropology and ecology of the world's savannas (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 307-307 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THERE is a romantic appeal about certain of the world's biomes which defies scientific explanation. What is there about desert, rain forest and tundra which excites the imagination, and why does the savanna lack the same magic? It was a similar concern which led David Harris to coordinate the ...
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    Slime mould jubilee (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 307-308 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE true slime mould, Physarum polycephalum, has a respected position in the catalogue of lower eukaryotes used for studies of cell biology in general and of differentiation in particular. Two features of its complex life cycle are of especial interest: first, the high degree of synchrony that is ...
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    Reagan's election cheering for science? (1980)
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    Nature 288 (1980), S. 107-108 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Washington A big step for US politics, but a relatively small step for US science seems to be the main verdict on last week's presidential and congressional elections, with scientists unlikely to suffer as much from a swing to the right as other recipients of government spending. President-elect ...
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    Science council: Mess about money (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 109-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The UK Science Research Council is in a financial mess. But nobody can say how serious the trouble is, because figures and tables released in the 1979-80 annual report last week are wrong. The SRC now confirms the misuse of a computer program, as a result of which some research grants which have ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288109a0
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    Biotechnology: Celltech set up (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 110-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The formation of Celltech Limited, the first British company predominantly concerned with the exploitation of biotechnology, was completed on 6 November, according to an announcement earlier this week from the National Enterprise Board (NEB), the public corporation supported with public funds. The ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288110b0
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    Sakharov (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 112-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-Your journal of 11 September contained a short article by Vera Rich about a conference in the Hague devoted to the "Sakharov affair". On the basis of this article (and I have no ogrounds for doubting its accuracy, so my grievances are not directed at the author and editors) I was left with the ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288112a0
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  • 95
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    Biosynthesis and processing of cellular and viral polyproteins (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 115-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THAT active forms of polypeptides can be generated from inactive forms by pro-teolytic cleavages is an idea dating back to the discovery of precursor forms of gastrointestinal proteases (zymogens) in the early thirties. This type of activation is now known to occur with polypeptide hormones, ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288115a0
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    MRC report in brief (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 111-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The 1979-80 report makes the following specific points: Neutron therapy. Another £1 l/i million is needed by the end of this year to buy and set up a new cyclotron for neutron therapy research at Clatterbridge Hospital, Liverpool - which would thus overtake the Hammersmith Hospital, London, ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288111c0
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    Are QSO absorption lines extrinsic? (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 114-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE observation of quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) in the ultraviolet (UV), made possible by rocket and satellite developments in the past few years, promises to help decide between alternative explanations of some properties of these still puzzling objects. One of the latest developments is that ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288114b0
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  • 98
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    Amplification of rearranged repeated DNA sequences in cereal plants (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 133-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A simple repeating unit of the rye genome, previously known in tandem arrays, has now been shown to occur also in more complex repeating units. One such unit has been cloned and found to contain some sequences unrelated to the simple repeat. It is proposed that tandem arrays of complex repeats are ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288133a0
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  • 99
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    X-ray diffraction from adsorbed iodine on graphite (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 152-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The adsorption of I2, from aqueous KI3 solution, on carbon was chosen as a test system as it has been widely studied and also because it is particularly suited to X-ray investigation in view of the large scattering cross-section of I2 with respect to carbon. The adsorbent chosen was Papyex; a ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288152a0
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  • 100
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    The nature of inherited deafness in deafness mice (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 159-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Deafness mice were bred in our laboratory from stock obtained from M.S. Deol, University College, London. Htrozygotes (+/dn) were used as controls, and were distinguished from their homozygous (dn/dn) littermates by the failure of the latter to exhibit Preyer reflex in response to a metallic ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288159a0
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