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  • Articles  (89)
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (89)
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  • Articles  (89)
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (89)
  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • Geological Society of America
  • Springer Nature
  • Taylor & Francis
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  • 2010-2014
  • 2005-2009  (52)
  • 2000-2004  (37)
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  • 1
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    Folds on Europa: implications for crustal cycling and accommodation of extension (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-08-11
    Description: Regional-scale undulations with associated small-scale secondary structures are inferred to be folds on Jupiter's moon Europa. Formation is consistent with stresses from tidal deformation, potentially triggering compressional instability of a region of locally high thermal gradient. Folds may compensate for extension elsewhere on Europa and then relax away over time.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prockter, L M -- Pappalardo, R T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Aug 11;289(5481):941-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, MS 7-366, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, MD 20723, USA. louise.prockter@jhuapl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10937995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Extraterrestrial Environment ; Ice ; *Jupiter ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Nonlinear simulations of Jupiter's 5-micron hot spots (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-09-08
    Description: Large-scale nonlinear simulations of Jupiter's 5-micron hot spots produce long-lived coherent structures that cause subsidence in local regions, explaining the low cloudiness and the dryness measured by the Galileo probe inside a hot spot. Like observed hot spots, the simulated coherent structures are equatorially confined, have periodic spacing, propagate west relative to the flow, are generally confined to one hemisphere, and have an anticyclonic gyre on their equatorward side. The southern edge of the simulated hot spots develops vertical shear of up to 70 meters per second in the eastward wind, which can explain the results of the Galileo probe Doppler wind experiment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Showman, A P -- Dowling, T E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 8;289(5485):1737-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Research Council (NRC)/NASA Ames Research Center, Mail Stop 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, USA. showman@humbabe.arc.nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10976064" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ammonia ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Hydrogen Sulfide ; *Jupiter ; Pressure ; Temperature ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    "Fluorescent timer": protein that changes color with time (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-11-25
    Description: We generated a mutant of the red fluorescent protein drFP583. The mutant (E5) changes its fluorescence from green to red over time. The rate of color conversion is independent of protein concentration and therefore can be used to trace time-dependent expression. We used in vivo labeling with E5 to measure expression from the heat shock-dependent promoter in Caenorhabditis elegans and from the Otx-2 promoter in developing Xenopus embryos. Thus, E5 is a "fluorescent timer" that can be used to monitor both activation and down-regulation of target promoters on the whole-organism scale.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Terskikh, A -- Fradkov, A -- Ermakova, G -- Zaraisky, A -- Tan, P -- Kajava, A V -- Zhao, X -- Lukyanov, S -- Matz, M -- Kim, S -- Weissman, I -- Siebert, P -- 1 RO3 TW01362-01/TW/FIC NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Nov 24;290(5496):1585-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Alexey.Terskikh@Stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11090358" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/embryology/metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans/embryology/genetics ; Cell Line ; Color ; Fluorescence ; Gene Expression Profiling/*methods ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics ; *Homeodomain Proteins ; Humans ; Luminescent Proteins/*chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics ; Otx Transcription Factors ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Trans-Activators/genetics ; Xenopus laevis/embryology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Detection of daily clouds on Titan (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-10-20
    Description: We have discovered frequent variations in the near-infrared spectrum of Titan, Saturn's largest moon, which are indicative of the daily presence of sparse clouds covering less than 1% of the area of the satellite. The thermodynamics of Titan's atmosphere and the clouds' altitudes suggest that convection governs their evolutions. Their short lives point to the presence of rain. We propose that Titan's atmosphere resembles Earth's, with clouds, rain, and an active weather cycle, driven by latent heat release from the primary condensible species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Griffith, C A -- Hall, J L -- Geballe, T R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 20;290(5491):509-13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011-6010, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11039930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; *Extraterrestrial Environment ; Methane ; Rain ; *Saturn ; Spectrum Analysis ; Sunlight ; Temperature ; Thermodynamics ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Sulfate clues for the early history of atmospheric oxygen (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-05-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paytan, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Apr 28;288(5466):626-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Braun Hall, Building 320, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. apaytan@pangea.stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10798999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Atmosphere ; *Evolution, Chemical ; Geologic Sediments/*chemistry ; Iron/chemistry ; Oxidation-Reduction ; *Oxygen ; Seawater ; Sulfates/*chemistry/metabolism ; Sulfides/chemistry/metabolism ; Sulfur Isotopes ; Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria/metabolism ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    A low temperature transfer of ALH84001 from Mars to Earth (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-10-29
    Description: The ejection of material from Mars is thought to be caused by large impacts that would heat much of the ejecta to high temperatures. Images of the magnetic field of martian meteorite ALH84001 reveal a spatially heterogeneous pattern of magnetization associated with fractures and rock fragments. Heating the meteorite to 40 degrees C reduces the intensity of some magnetic features, indicating that the interior of the rock has not been above this temperature since before its ejection from the surface of Mars. Because this temperature cannot sterilize most bacteria or eukarya, these data support the hypothesis that meteorites could transfer life between planets in the solar system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiss, B P -- Kirschvink, J L -- Baudenbacher, F J -- Vali, H -- Peters, N T -- Macdonald, F A -- Wikswo, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 27;290(5492):791-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, 170-25, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. bweiss@gps.caltech.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11052940" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Crystallization ; *Exobiology ; Magnetics ; *Mars ; *Meteoroids ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Reconstruction of the Amazon Basin effective moisture availability over the past 14,000 years (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-12-23
    Description: Quantifying the moisture history of the Amazon Basin is essential for understanding the cause of rain forest diversity and its potential as a methane source. We reconstructed the Amazon River outflow history for the past 14,000 years to provide a moisture budget for the river drainage basin. The oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera recovered from a marine sediment core in a region of Amazon River discharge shows that the Amazon Basin was extremely dry during the Younger Dryas, with the discharge reduced by at least 40% as compared with that of today. After the Younger Dryas, a meltwater-driven discharge event was followed by a steady increase in the Amazon Basin effective moisture throughout the Holocene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maslin, M A -- Burns, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 22;290(5500):2285-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Environmental Change Research Centre, Department of Geography, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AP, UK. mmaslin@geog.ucl.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11125137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; Brazil ; *Climate ; Eukaryota/*chemistry ; *Fresh Water ; *Geologic Sediments ; Methane ; Oxygen Isotopes/*analysis ; Seawater ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Zooplankton/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Climate change and malaria: temperatures without fevers? (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-09-23
    Description: As the world gets warmer, the predictions about the spread of vector-based diseases such as malaria get gloomier. However, in their timely Perspective, Dye and Reiter explain the implications of a new climate model (Randolph and Rogers), which predicts that the distribution of malaria is unlikely to change dramatically in the next 50 years even if the world does get hotter.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dye, C -- Reiter, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 8;289(5485):1697-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Communicable Diseases Control, Prevention and Eradication, World Health Organization (WHO), 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. dyec@who.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11001735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/parasitology/physiology ; *Climate ; *Forecasting ; Greenhouse Effect ; Humans ; Humidity ; Insect Vectors/parasitology/physiology ; Malaria, Falciparum/*epidemiology/*transmission ; Models, Biological ; *Models, Statistical ; Multivariate Analysis ; Plasmodium falciparum/physiology ; Rain ; Regression Analysis ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    A H+-gated urea channel: the link between Helicobacter pylori urease and gastric colonization (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-01-22
    Description: Acidic media trigger cytoplasmic urease activity of the unique human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori. Deletion of ureI prevents this activation of cytoplasmic urease that is essential for bacterial acid resistance. UreI is an inner membrane protein with six transmembrane segments as shown by in vitro transcription/translation and membrane separation. Expression of UreI in Xenopus oocytes results in acid-stimulated urea uptake, with a pH profile similar to activation of cytoplasmic urease. Mutation of periplasmic histidine 123 abolishes stimulation. UreI-mediated transport is urea specific, passive, nonsaturable, nonelectrogenic, and temperature independent. UreI functions as a H+-gated urea channel regulating cytoplasmic urease that is essential for gastric survival and colonization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weeks, D L -- Eskandari, S -- Scott, D R -- Sachs, G -- DK41301/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK43462/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK46917/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jan 21;287(5452):482-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System and Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10642549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Cell Membrane/chemistry ; Cell Membrane Permeability ; Cytoplasm/enzymology/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Gastric Acid ; Glycosylation ; Helicobacter pylori/enzymology/growth & development/*metabolism ; Histidine/metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; *Membrane Transport Proteins ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oocytes/enzymology ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Stomach/*microbiology ; Temperature ; Urea/*metabolism ; Urease/*metabolism ; Xenopus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    Charon's first detailed spectra hold many surprises (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-01-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Young, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jan 7;287(5450):53-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Southwestern Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA. efy@boulder.swri.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10644224" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ammonia ; Crystallization ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Ice ; *Pluto ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; Spectrum Analysis ; Temperature ; Ultraviolet Rays ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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