ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (46,763)
  • Humans  (26,747)
  • Chemical Engineering  (17,979)
  • Biochemistry
Collection
  • Books  (204)
  • Articles  (46,763)
Years
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-06-07
    Description: The antioxidant activities against DPPH free radical of crude extracts using ethyl acetatee and methanol from Uroteuthis Chinensis were studied muscles of, ranged from 13.43% to 41.13%. TLC and FT-IR analysis of several fractions methanol extracts showed the presence of amino acids, peptides, and proteins. SDS-PAGE result of some fractions of methanol extracts described the presence of proteins with a molecular weight of 19-220 kDa. The antioxidant activities of different segments of the Uroteuthis Chinensis were various.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Squid ; Uroteuthis chinensis ; Biochemistry ; Antioxidant
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: 81-91
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22039 | 18721 | 2018-01-25 08:15:09 | 22039 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Publication Date: 2021-07-06
    Description: This study was carried out to find the effects of 17-ß estradiol (E2) on biochemical parameters, sex steroids and carcass composition in juvenile stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus). One hundred and eighty 5-month stellate sturgeon with an average weight of 11.7 ± 0.2 g were divided into 3 treatments with 3 replicates each with 20 fish per tank. The treatments were included 0, 25 and 50 mg E2/kg diet. At the termination of 7 months feeding trial with different levels of E2, blood biochemical parameters, sex steroids and carcass composition were measured. The results of biochemical parameters including plasma glucose, total protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, calcium and phosphorus showed dose-dependent manner. The lowest and highest levels of all biochemical parameters were observed in fish fed control and 50 mg E2/kg diet, respectively (p〈 0.05). Plasma sex steroids concentrations showed the lowest level of E2 in fish fed control diet, while the highest levels of testosterone and progesterone were observed in this treatment (p〈 0.05). Proximate carcass analysis showed no significant difference in moisture, crude protein, crude fat and ash contents among the treatments (p〉 〉0.05). Final weight, total length, hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices were also affected by different levels of E2 (p〈 0.05). The results of present study demonstrated that using E2 in the diet of juvenile stellate sturgeon can influence most of biochemical indices and sex steroids which seems that those were related to the changes of sex ratio and some physiological parameters.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Stellate sturgeon ; Sex steroids ; Biochemistry ; Growth ; sex ; composition ; Acipenser stellatus ; juveniles ; fed ; dietary ; levels ; 17-ß estradiol ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 59-74
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22856 | 18721 | 2018-05-30 19:16:54 | 22856 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: Cryopreservation of seabass (Lates calcarifer) semen is an approach to increase the quantity and quality of seabass fry in aquaculture. However, cold shock can induce sperm injury leading to structural damage of the plasma membrane and loss of motility. Thus, the effect of cryopreservation on fatty acid composition and antioxidant enzyme activities of seabass sperm was determined. In cryopreserved spermatozoa, the proportion of C16:0 was significantly increased (p=0.05), while the proportion of C23:0, C22:6 n3, C22:5 n6, and C18:1n9t decreased significantly after freeze-thawing compared with that in fresh semen (p≤0.05). The relative content of saturated fatty acids significantly increased (p〈0.05) but that of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased (p=0.05) in cryopreserved spermatozoa. Consequently, the ratio of unsaturated/saturated fatty acid was greatly decreased in frozen sperm (p〈0.05). Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in frozen-thawed sperm increased significantly while activity of catalase did not differ at p〉0.05. Malondialdehyde levels increased after cryopreservation compared to fresh semen (p=0.05). These results indicated that an increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in cryopreserved spermatozoa did not efficiently scavenge reactive oxygen species leading to an increase in lipid peroxidation, a reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acids and finally irreversible loss of sperm motility.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Lates calcarifer ; Sperm ; Cryopreservation ; Fatty acid composition ; Antioxidant enzymes ; Biochemistry ; Thailand
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 157-169
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22282 | 18721 | 2018-03-10 14:54:34 | 22282 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: Hematological and biochemical changes were studied in beluga (Huso huso) weighing 450±50g in the presence of b,1-3, D-glucan as a single intraperitoneal injection (0.3mg/kg body weight) once, and thereafter a chronic exposure to organophosphate, diazinon at concentration of 1.5 mg/L as a continuous bath for 63 days at 22±1ºC. Results of erythrocyte profile in fish treated with glucan, but without diazinon, generally showed significant higher values of RBC (P〈0.05) compare to fish treated with glucan plus diazinon bath, while there was no significant difference (P〉0.05) in the values of HCT, Hb, MCH and MCHC between the two groups. Also, fish treated with glucan, but without diazinon bath, showed significant higher values of RBC than that untreated fish up to 3 weeks post-treatment (P〈0.05), while no significant differences was found in other erythrocytic indices between these two groups (P〉0.05). Furthermore, fish treated with diazinon showed higher levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) than other three groups for 14-28 days post-treatment and then they decreased to the lower level for the rest of experiment. Also, fish treated with glucan-diazinon showed insignificant higher levels of these enzymes up to 21 days post-exposure compare to fish treated with glucan but without diazinon bath (P〉0.05). However, such levels reduced to a lower level in this group for the rest of experiment (P〉0.05). Also, fish treated with glucan-diazinon showed generally lower and higher levels of total protein and glucose concentrations in blood plasma, respectively compared to fish treated with glucan but without diazinon bath (P〈0.05).
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Huso huso ; Diazinon ; Glucan ; Hematology ; Biochemistry ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 53-66
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Samut Prakan, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26326 | 23782 | 2019-03-28 08:33:06 | 26326 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Training Department
    Publication Date: 2021-07-24
    Description: Dissolved cadmium, copper, iron, lead and nickel in seawater at different depths were analyzed using the cobalt-APDC coprecipitation technique. The concentrations found were low and within the range found in natural seawater elsewhere. Terrestrial sources, especially near the head of the Gulf of Thailand and the Nakorn Sri Thammarat-Songkhla area on the Thai-Malay Peninsular, were clearly observed especially during the high runoff season. External input and horizontal dispersion dominated over internal recycling and removal in controlling concentration and distribution of iron and copper but it was the opposite for cadmium, nickel and lead where biological removal near surface and bottom regeneration might explain the nutrient type vertical profiles of these elements.
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Biochemistry ; Trace metals ; Vertical profiles ; South China Sea ; Gulf of Thailand ; Malaysia
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 86-99
    Format: 14
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22825 | 18721 | 2018-05-25 17:53:46 | 22825 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of propolis on biochemical and microbiological parameters in muscle tissues of carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758) exposed to arsenic. A sublethal concentration of arsenic (0.01 ppm) and/or 0.01 ppm propolis were administered to fish for seven days. Biochemical parameters [pH, lactic acid, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), and malondialdehyde (MDA) values] and microbiological changes (mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria count) were determined in fillet of carp in control, arsenic only, propolis only and arsenic+propolis treatment groups. Results showed that the levels of MDA, lactic acid and TVB-N increased (p〈0.05) while there were decreases total counts of psychrophilic, mesophilic bacteria and level of pH in arsenic group compared to the control group. Additionally, levels of pH, lactic acid, TVB-N, counts of psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria in arsenic (0.01 ppm)+propolis (10 ppm) group significantly reduced compared to arsenic group (p〈0.05). In conclusion, propolis can affects some biochemical and microbiologic functions and quality in the fillet of carp exposed to arsenic.
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Arsenic ; Biochemical parameter ; Carp ; Fillet ; Microbiological analysis ; Propolis ; Biochemistry ; Turkey
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 896-907
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25001 | 18721 | 2018-11-19 09:52:12 | 25001 | Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The oxidation of fat in fish diets due to oxygen penetration, high temperature and metal catalysts is common. The effects of feeding diets containing oxidized fish oil on the growth indices and lipid metabolism in young hybrid sturgeons (Huso huso ♂× Acipenser ruthenus♀) was investigated. Three different diets were implemented to three different groups: a control group, Group OFO_50 (50% oil fish oxidized) and Group OFO_100 (100% oil fish oxidized). 90 young sturgeon hybrids with an average initial weight of 212/6 ± 0/7 g, , were randomly divided into 9 fiberglass tanks with a volume of 700 liters after a 2 week adaptation period. Feeding was performed three times a day (8:00, 14:00 and 20:00) according to the specimens’ appetite during the period of the study. After 6 weeks, sampling was done to assay the growth parameters and biochemical indices. In both oxidized oil-fed groups, adverse impact on growth was seen. Also, a significant reduction in cholesterol and triglycerides was observed in the OFO_100 groups. The results showed that feeding hybrid sturgeons with diets containing oxidized fish oil, cause a negative impact on growth and lipid metabolism. Although a slight increase in the percentage of body weight gain and specific growth rate was recorded, it was undesirable and relevant to an increase in visceral fat.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Oxidized lipid ; Hybrid sturgeon ; Growth ; Fat metabolism ; Blood ; Biochemistry ; Fish oil ; Diet ; Acipenser ruthenus ; Huso huso
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 78-88
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The green turtle (Chelonia mydas) has been a species of global concern for decades. As an attempt to study health status of nesting green turtles, Blood biochemistry and hematological values were obtained from 18 clinically normal, nesting female green sea turtles on the northern coast of the sea of Oman. Mean curved carapace length (CCL) was 111±4 cm with a range of 103—122 cm. Barnacles were recorded on three turtles. No fibropapillomas were observed on any of the 18 turtle. The mean PCV was 0.41 (proportion of 1) with a range of 0.30–0.58. No basophils or hemoparasites were detected in any of the 18 turtles tested. All biochemistry and hematological values of green sea turtles were within published reference ranges of healthy sea turtle population. No statistically significant differences were noted between the two anticoagulants for Plasma biochemistry values. Plasma alpha–tocopherol concentrations in the 18 turtles tested was 7.8±2.8 g ml-1 with a range of 0.5-11.8 g ml-1. Plasma retinol was evaluated in 18 turtles and the concentration was 0.4 ±0.1 g ml-1 with a range of 0.2-0.6 g ml-1. The present study provides baseline data of the green sea turtle characterized by biological and non-biological factors, which may provide the basis for future studies.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Chelonia mydas ; Turtle ; Blood ; Hematology ; Biochemistry
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.891-902
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Based on the data collected during scientific expeditions of RV “Professor Vodyanitsky” in January, April, October 2016 and July 2017, spatial and temporal changes in distribution of microplankton ATP and chlorophyll α as indicators of metabolically active biomass and its photoautotrophic part, respectively, were analyzed. The heterotrophic-photoautotrophic index (HPI) was calculated from ratios of these biochemical parameters and used to assess the stages of production and destruction succession of microplankton community over these seasons. In the investigated area, the sites, which most often demonstrate sharp differences in biochemical parameters of microplankton from the general background, can be considered anomalous and subjected to anthropogenic impact, mainly associated with household and industrial effluents. In general, upon comparison of the distribution of the metabolically active biomass and its production part in the specified seasons the similarity in the values manifested itself in the shallow coastal waters of Crimea: low values for the waters near the western part of the peninsula were assessed to be oligo-mesotrophic; increased values for the waters adjacent to the Kerch Strait in the east were found to be meso-eutrophic. Based on the HPI values, the situation, most promising in terms of development of microplankton biomass and increase in water productivity was observed in the investigated area in autumn. Quite possibly, it is one of the key factors affecting seasonal migration of some fish species from the Azov Sea to the Black Sea in the autumn-winter season.
    Description: На основе данных, полученных в научных экспедиционных рейсах НИС «Профессор Водяницкий» в январе, апреле, октябре 2016 г. и в июле 2017 г., проанализированы пространственно-временные изменения распределения АТФ и хлорофилла α микропланктона как показатели общей метаболически активной биомассы сообщества и фотоавтотрофной его части, соответственно. Из соотношений концентраций этих биохимических показателей рассчитан гетеротрофно-фотоавтотрофный индекс (HPI), который использован для оценки стадий продукционно-деструкционной сукцессии сообщества в указанные сезоны. Участки исследованных акваторий, на которых наиболее часто отражаются резкие отличия биохимических показателей микропланктона от общего фона, можно принять во внимание как аномальные, подверженные антропогенному воздействию, главным образом связанные с бытовыми и промышленными стоками. В целом в порядке сравнения распределения метаболически активной биомассы и продукционной его части в указанные сезоны сходство величин проявилось в прибрежном мелководье Крыма: низкие — с оценкой олиго-мезотрофные — у западной части полуострова, повышенные — с оценкой мезо-эвтрофные — у восточной, в водах, прилегающих к Керченскому проливу. Судя по величинам НРI, в исследованных водах наиболее перспективная ситуация к развитию биомассы микропланктона и повышению продуктивности вод была отмечена в осенний сезон. Вероятно, это является одним из ключевых факторов сезонной миграции некоторых видов рыб из Азовского моря в Черное в осенне-зимний сезон.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Chlorophyll a ; Microplankton ; Seasonal variations ; Heterotrophic-photoautotrophic index ; Seasonal migrations ; Anthropogenic effects ; Biochemistry ; Meso-eutrophic waters ; Хлорофилл а ; Микропланктон ; Сезонные миграции ; Сезонная изменчивость ; АТФ ; Биохимия
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.80-88
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Mussels Mytilus edulis L. living on the littoral are traditional objects for monitoring the state of coastal ecosystems. In the process of ecological and biochemical studies of some littoral settlements of these mussels in the Kandalaksha Nature Reserve, some modifications have been identified in the structure of local populations, and biochemical markers have also been searched at the level of lipid composition reflecting the chronic action of environmental factors. Investigations of the size and age structure of some intertidal settlements of the Mytilus edulis L. have shown inter-annual dynamics reflecting the natural processes associated with the regime of replenishment by juveniles and the elimination of generations. The revealed significant differences in the density and biomass of Mytilus edulis L. settlements probably reflect the influence of anthropogenic load on their livelihoods (first of all, prolonged discharge of fresh water from the hydroelectric station system). The composition of lipids and fatty acids in the gills of littoral mussels has been determined using thin-layer, gas-liquid and high-performance liquid chromatography methods. Evaluation of the lipid status of mussel gills inhabiting biotopes with different hydrodynamic regimes and anthropogenic load (the pollution level, fresh water discharge) has shown inter-annual dynamics in the content of lipids and their fatty acids. At the same time, there are significant differences in the content of membrane and storage lipids in the mussel gills exposed to fresh water on the littoral zone of Biotope 1. Prolonged ecological and biochemical monitoring studies of coastal mussel settlements reveal the characteristic features of their size and age structure, density and biomass, as well as the lipid status of the gills of mollusks formed under conditions of long-term environmental factors
    Description: Мидии Mytilus edulis L., обитающие на литорали, являются традиционным объектом мониторинга состояния прибрежных экосистем. В процессе эколого-биохимических исследований некоторых литоральных поселений мидий в Кандалакшском природном заповеднике выявлялись модификации в структуре локальных популяций, а также осуществлялся поиск биохимических маркеров на уровне состава липидов, отражающих хроническое действие факторов окружающей среды. Анализ размерно-возрастной структуры прибрежных поселений Mytilus edulis L. показал межгодовую динамику протекания естественных процессов, связанных с режимом пополнения молодью и гибелью моллюсков. Выявленные значительные различия показателей плотности и биомассы поселений Mytilus edulis L. обусловлены, вероятно, влиянием на их жизнедеятельность антропогенной нагрузки (прежде всего продолжительных сбросов пресной воды из системы гидроэлектростанции). Состав липидов и жирных кислот в жабрах литоральных мидий определен с помощью методов тонкослойной, газожидкостной и высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии. Оценка липидного статуса жабр мидий, обитающих на биотопах с различным гидродинамическим режимом и антропогенной нагрузкой (уровнем загрязнения, сбросом пресной воды), показала межгодовую динамику в содержании липидов и жирных кислот; при этом отмечены значительные различия в содержании мембранных и запасных липидов в жабрах мидий, подверженных действию пресной воды на литорали биотопа 1. Продолжительные эколого-биохимические мониторинговые исследования прибрежных поселений мидий позволяют выявить характерные особенности их размерно-возрастной структуры, плотности и биомассы, а также липидного статуса жабр моллюсков, сформированные в условиях длительного действия факторов окружающей среды.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Intertidal zone ; Bivalves ; Density ; Biomass ; Lipids ; Fatty acids ; Литораль ; Двустворчатые моллюски ; Плотность ; Биомасса ; Жирные кислоты ; Mytilus edulis ; Gills ; Biochemistry ; Chromatography ; Жабры ; Хроматография ; Биохимия
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.213-224
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Azov Sea Research Fisheries Institute (AzNIIRKH) | Rostov-on-Don, Russia
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: 3D coupled physical biochemical model of the ecosystem in the semi-enclosed water body of marine coastal zone is presented. The model allows numerical estimation of matter and energy flows through the ecosystem. It takes into account hydrodynamics of the area and oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur fields formed under its influence. Biological components of the model: phytoplankton and phytobenthos. Test calculations showed the operability of the model.
    Description: Представлена трехмерная имитационная физико-биохимическая модель экосистемы в полузамкнутом водоеме прибрежной зоны моря, позволяющая численно описать потоки вещества и энергии в системе. Модель учитывает гидродинамику района и формирующиеся под ее влиянием поля кислорода, соединений азота, фосфора и серы. Биологические компоненты модели: фитопланктон и фитобентос. Выполненные тестовые расчеты показали работоспособность модели.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; Mathematical modelling ; Coastal waters ; Phytoplankton ; Phytobenthos ; Hydrodynamics ; Биохимия ; Математическое моделирование ; Прибрежная зона ; Гидродинамика ; Фитопланктон ; Фитобентос
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Conference Material , Non Refereed
    Format: pp.357-361
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The oxidation of fat in fish diets due to oxygen penetration, high temperature and metal catalysts is common. The effects of feeding diets containing oxidized fish oil on the growth indices and lipid metabolism in young hybrid sturgeons (Huso huso ♂× Acipenser ruthenus♀) was investigated. Three different diets were implemented to three different groups: a control group, Group OFO50 (50% oil fish oxidized) and Group OFO100 (100% oil fish oxidized). 90 young sturgeon hybrids with an average initial weight of 212/6 ± 0/7 g, , were randomly divided into 9 fiberglass tanks with a volume of 700 liters after a 2 week adaptation period. Feeding was performed three times a day (8:00, 14:00 and 20:00) according to the specimens’ appetite during the period of the study. After 6 weeks, sampling was done to assay the growth parameters and biochemical indices. In both oxidized oil-fed groups, adverse impact on growth was seen. Also, a significant reduction in cholesterol and triglycerides was observed in the OFO100 groups. The results showed that feeding hybrid sturgeons with diets containing oxidized fish oil, cause a negative impact on growth and lipid metabolism. Although a slight increase in the percentage of body weight gain and specific growth rate was recorded, it was undesirable and relevant to an increase in visceral fat.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Oxidized lipid ; Hybrid sturgeon ; Growth ; Fat metabolism ; Blood ; Biochemistry ; Fish oil ; Diet ; Acipenser ruthenus ; Huso huso
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.78-88
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In this study Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) was applied to species identification of bester hybrids. Hybrids identification was performed by comparison of electrophoresis profiles with parental species. The simultaneous occurrence of diagnostic bands fixed in the parental species, genetic distance and identification and cluster analyses (UPGMA) allow a correct identification. We used 8 primer combinations (Eco+3, Mse+4) and a total of 250 bands (size range 40-1000 bp) were generated. Primer combinations of (E-AAT, M-CGAT) and (E-AAG, M-CGAT) produced diagnostic bands in hybrids and parental species. Moreover, the results of genetic identification showed that Bester hybrids are more similar to beluga (Huso huso) (0.68) in comparison with sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) (0.45).The results suggested that this technique could be suitable for precise identification of species and inter-generic hybrids like bester.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Huso huso ; Acipenser ruthenus ; AFLP ; Hybrid identification ; Bester ; Beluga ; Biochemistry ; Identification
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.415-423
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of natural products like propolis on biochemical and hematologic parameters in carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758) exposed to arsenic. In this study fish were exposed to 0.01 mg/L arsenic and 10 mg/L propolis for seven days. Our results indicated that triglyceride, urea, total cholesterol, cobalt, ALT (alanine amino transferase), AST (aspartate amino transferase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) values increased when exposed to arsenic (P〈0.05) but reduced by combination of arsenic and propolis (P〈0.05). Granulocyte, erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit values were decreased by use of arsenic in comparison to control group. These parameters increased in arsenic+propolis group (P〈0.05). In addition levels of leucocyte, agranulocyte, MCV (mean corpuscular volume), MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin) and MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) increased in the arsenic group (P〈0.05) and decreased in arsenic+propolis group (P〈0.05). We can say that propolis can improve biochemical and hematologic functions of common carp blood, after being exposed to arsenic.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Alanine amino transferase ; Lactate dehydrogenase ; Antioxidant ; Arsenic ; Blood parameter ; Cyprinus carpio ; Hematological parameter ; Propolis ; Blood ; Enzymes ; Biochemistry
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.405-414
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Hematological and biochemical changes were studied in beluga (Huso huso) weighing 450±50g in the presence of b,1-3, D-glucan as a single intraperitoneal injection (0.3mg/kg body weight) once, and thereafter a chronic exposure to organophosphate, diazinon at concentration of 1.5 mg/L as a continuous bath for 63 days at 22±1ºC. Results of erythrocyte profile in fish treated with glucan, but without diazinon, generally showed significant higher values of RBC (P〈0.05) compare to fish treated with glucan plus diazinon bath, while there was no significant difference (P〉0.05) in the values of HCT, Hb, MCH and MCHC between the two groups. Also, fish treated with glucan, but without diazinon bath, showed significant higher values of RBC than that untreated fish up to 3 weeks post-treatment (P〈0.05), while no significant differences was found in other erythrocytic indices between these two groups (P〉0.05). Furthermore, fish treated with diazinon showed higher levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) than other three groups for 14-28 days post-treatment and then they decreased to the lower level for the rest of experiment. Also, fish treated with glucan-diazinon showed insignificant higher levels of these enzymes up to 21 days post-exposure compare to fish treated with glucan but without diazinon bath (P〉0.05). However, such levels reduced to a lower level in this group for the rest of experiment (P〉0.05). Also, fish treated with glucan-diazinon showed generally lower and higher levels of total protein and glucose concentrations in blood plasma, respectively compared to fish treated with glucan but without diazinon bath (P〈0.05).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Huso huso ; Diazinon ; Glucan ; Hematology ; Biochemistry
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.53-66
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Cryopreservation of seabass (Lates calcarifer) semen is an approach to increase the quantity and quality of seabass fry in aquaculture. However, cold shock can induce sperm injury leading to structural damage of the plasma membrane and loss of motility. Thus, the effect of cryopreservation on fatty acid composition and antioxidant enzyme activities of seabass sperm was determined. In cryopreserved spermatozoa, the proportion of C16:0 was significantly increased (p=0.05), while the proportion of C23:0, C22:6 n3, C22:5 n6, and C18:1n9t decreased significantly after freeze-thawing compared with that in fresh semen (p≤0.05). The relative content of saturated fatty acids significantly increased (p〈0.05) but that of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased (p=0.05) in cryopreserved spermatozoa. Consequently, the ratio of unsaturated/saturated fatty acid was greatly decreased in frozen sperm (p〈0.05). Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in frozen-thawed sperm increased significantly while activity of catalase did not differ at p〉0.05. Malondialdehyde levels increased after cryopreservation compared to fresh semen (p=0.05). These results indicated that an increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in cryopreserved spermatozoa did not efficiently scavenge reactive oxygen species leading to an increase in lipid peroxidation, a reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acids and finally irreversible loss of sperm motility.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; Lates calcarifer ; Sperm ; Cryopreservation ; Fatty acid composition ; Antioxidant enzymes ; Enzymes
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.157-169
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Effects of dietary supplementation of red macroalgae Gracilaria pygmea on the growth performance, hematology and serum biochemistry parameters of Asian Seabass Lates calcarifer with initial fish weight of 28±5.9 g were investigated in a 6-week experiment. The experimental diets were composed of the positive control diet (containing fishmeal), the negative control diet (containing fishmeal-soy protein) and three diets which supplemented with varying leves of red algae (3, 6 and 9%). Results indicated that daily growth rate, feed conversion ratio and final weight of fish not only were not negatively affected by different substitution levels of red algae, but also the final weight of fish fed the diet containing 6% red algae was higher than the other experimental diets. Condition factor of the negative control group and the specific growth rate of the treatment containing 6% red algae were significantly higher than those of the other experimental diets (P〈0.05). Results of hemoglobin, hematocrit, White Blood Cell (WBC) count and WBC differential count were not significantly different among various treatments (P〉0.05). Among the examined serum biochemistry parameters of Asian Seabass, only glucose was not significantly affected by various dietary treatments (P〉0.05). The cholesterol levels of the negative control group and fish fed the diet containing 9% red algae were similar with each other and were significantly higher than the other treatments (P〈0.05). The lowest level of albumin was observed in the treatment containing 6% red algae, whearese the lowest amounts of total protein, triglyceride and cholesterol were observed in the treatment containing 3% red algae. Overall, it seems that partial substitution of expensive fishmeal by red algae Gracilaria pygmaea in the diet of carnivorous Asian Seabass exerted no negative effects on the growth and immunity parameters. Moreover, some growth parameters, hematological and serum biochemical parameters of blood were improved by the diet containing 6% red algae.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Gracilaria pygmaea ; Lates calcarifer ; Asian Seabass Lates calcarifer ; Gracilaria algae ; Diet ; Specific growth rate ; Innate immunity ; Substitution ; Growth performance ; Algae ; Biochemistry ; Serum ; Hematology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.77-89
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The effectiveness of pituitary extract from Cruc ian carp (Carassius auratus Linnaes 1758) in inducing ovulation in Veil T ail Gold Fish (Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch 1783), was examined and th e effect of maternal hormone treatment on egg quality in two types of fertilizat ion (fertilization in aquarium and artificial fertilization), were evaluated in 22 degree C temperature. Fish were injected intrapritoneally with three doses of, 2, 3 and 4mg/kg B.W pituitary extract (PE). With increasing of pituitary dose, pract ical fecundity also increased from 1775 in control fish to 3201 in fish with 4mg /kg B.W of PE. Mean time to ovulation was reduced significantly (P〈0.05) from 13 2h in control fish to 13h in fish with 4mg/kg B.W. Ovulated eggs from fish injec ted with 4mg/kg B.W of PE had lower fertility and hatching rates compared to egg s from fish injected with lower doses and the control fish. The methods of ferti lization had no significant effect on the egg quality. In conclusion, the result s of this study showed that the pituitary extract of Crucian carp is effective i n inducing and shortening of ovulation of Veil Tail Gold Fish and the suggested dose for this species is 3mg/kg B.W.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Carassius auratus ; Goldfish ; Ovulation ; Pituitary gland ; Biological fertilization ; Hatching ; Hormones ; Eggs ; Freshwater ; Physiology ; Biochemistry ; Biophysics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.167-172
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15 (2018): 723, doi:10.3390/ijerph15040723.
    Description: There has been a massive increase in recent years of the use of lead (Pb) isotopes in attempts to better understand sources and pathways of Pb in the environment and in man or experimental animals. Unfortunately, there have been many cases where the quality of the isotopic data, especially that obtained by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Q-ICP-MS), are questionable, resulting in questionable identification of potential sources, which, in turn, impacts study interpretation and conclusions. We present several cases where the isotopic data have compromised interpretation because of the use of only the major isotopes 208Pb/206Pb and 207Pb/206Pb, or their graphing in other combinations. We also present some examples comparing high precision data from thermal ionization (TIMS) or multi-collector plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) to illustrate the deficiency in the Q-ICP-MS data. In addition, we present cases where Pb isotopic ratios measured on Q-ICP-MS are virtually impossible for terrestrial samples. We also evaluate the Pb isotopic data for rat studies, which had concluded that Pb isotopic fractionation occurs between different organs and suggest that this notion of biological fractionation of Pb as an explanation for isotopic differences is not valid. Overall, the brief review of these case studies shows that Q-ICP-MS as commonly practiced is not a suitable technique for precise and accurate Pb isotopic analysis in the environment and health fields
    Keywords: Lead isotopes ; ICP-MS ; TIMS ; MC-ICP-MS ; Environment ; Humans ; Rats ; Fractionation
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Kulikova Nonna Iosifovna (09.06.1938 – 02.02.2018) was Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, Head of the YugNIRO Laboratory of Fish Physiology (from 1972 to 1992), leading scientist of the same laboratory, talented scholar, manager, physiologist and biochemist. N.I. Kulikova made a huge contribution into the scientific research, aimed at development of biological grounds and biotechnology of artificial reproduction for marine fish, primarily mullets and flounders, which are valuable commercial species of the Azov and Black Sea Basin. For many years, N.I. Kulikova was a coordinator and executive in charge of government programs, funded from the state budget; they involved the development of scientific bases for marine fish culture and for reproduction of mullets and flounders, as well as methods of controlling the growth, maturation and spawning of broodstocks, and theoretical background for control over life cycles of valuable marine species. She worked on creation of hatcheries and rearing farms for stocking of natural water bodies and for commercial culture. Alongside with her colleagues, she was able to solve a range of problems, concerning the development of mullet cultivation. As the result of her long-term research, the practices of hormonal stimulation of breeders, belonging to the Black Sea mullet species and to the so-iuy mullet, introduced from Far East, were developed, as well as methods for controlling early ontogenesis. She studied feeding ecology and feeding requirements of larvae and early juveniles, and worked out some stages of biological technology for reproduction of three mullet species. Nonna Iosifovna is the author of numerous scientific papers, including the monography “Mariculture of fish and its development prospects in the Black Sea Basin”, guidelines, patents, scientific substantiations for creating hatcheries for marine fishes.
    Description: Куликова Нонна Иосифовна (09.06.1938 – 02.02.2018 гг.) — кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией физиологии рыб ЮгНИРО с 1972 по 1992 г., ведущий научный сотрудник этой же лаборатории, талантливый исследователь, организатор, физиолог и биохимик. Н.И. Куликова внесла огромный вклад в научные исследования по разработке биологических основ и биотехники искусственного воспроизводства морских рыб, прежде всего, кефалевых и камбаловых — ценных объектов промысла в Азово-Черноморском бассейне. В течение многих лет Н.И. Куликова являлась руководителем и ответственным исполнителем бюджетных государственных тем: по разработке научных основ культивирования морских рыб, методов управления ростом, созреванием и нерестом маточных стад рыб, по воспроизводству кефалевых и камбаловых, теоретическим основам управления жизненными циклами ценных морских видов, а также созданию систем питомников и нагульных хозяйств для зарыбления естественных водоемов и товарного выращивания этих гидробионтов. Совместно со своими коллегами ей удалось решить ряд важнейших задач по развитию кефалеводства. В результате многолетних исследований были разработаны схемы гормонального стимулирования производителей черноморских кефалей и дальневосточного вселенца — пиленгаса, методы управления ранним онтогенезом, изучены экология питания и пищевые потребности личинок и ранней молоди, отработаны отдельные этапы биотехники воспроизводства трех видов кефалей. Она является автором многочисленных научных публикаций, в т. ч. монографии «Марикультура рыб и перспективы ее развития в Черноморском бассейне», инструкций, патентов, обоснований, а также создания рыбопитомников для морских рыб.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Researchers ; Fish culture ; Mullets ; Patents ; Fish physiology ; Biochemistry ; Long-term records ; Artificial reproduction ; Hormone stimulation ; Introduced species
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.106-114
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Publication Date: 2018-12-14
    Description: Primordial sequence signatures in modern proteins imply ancestral origins tracing back to simple peptides. Although short peptides seldom adopt unique folds, metal ions might have templated their assembly into higher-order structures in early evolution and imparted useful chemical reactivity. Recapitulating such a biogenetic scenario, we have combined design and laboratory evolution to transform a zinc-binding peptide into a globular enzyme capable of accelerating ester cleavage with exacting enantiospecificity and high catalytic efficiency ( k cat / K M ~ 10 6 M –1 s –1 ). The simultaneous optimization of structure and function in a naïve peptide scaffold not only illustrates a plausible enzyme evolutionary pathway from the distant past to the present but also proffers exciting future opportunities for enzyme design and engineering.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-31
    Description: Cryo–electron microscopy, or simply cryo-EM, refers mainly to three very different yet closely related techniques: electron crystallography, single-particle cryo-EM, and electron cryotomography. In the past few years, single-particle cryo-EM in particular has triggered a revolution in structural biology and has become a newly dominant discipline. This Review examines the fascinating story of its start and evolution over the past 40-plus years, delves into how and why the recent technological advances have been so groundbreaking, and briefly considers where the technique may be headed in the future.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Publication Date: 2018-08-31
    Description: Riback et al . (Reports, 13 October 2017, p. 238) used small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments to infer a degree of compaction for unfolded proteins in water versus chemical denaturant that is highly consistent with the results from Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments. There is thus no "contradiction" between the two methods, nor evidence to support their claim that commonly used FRET fluorophores cause protein compaction.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Publication Date: 2018-08-31
    Description: Best et al . claim that we provide no convincing basis to assert that a discrepancy remains between FRET and SAXS results on the dimensions of disordered proteins under physiological conditions. We maintain that a clear discrepancy is apparent in our and other recent publications, including results shown in the Best et al . comment. A plausible origin is fluorophore interactions in FRET experiments.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-09-28
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-10-05
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-10-12
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-12-21
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-12-21
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-11-02
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-12-14
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-10-19
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-11-16
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-11-30
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-11-30
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-10
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-10
    Description: The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway involved in development and regeneration is activated by the extracellular binding of Hh to the membrane receptor Patched (Ptch). We report the structures of human Ptch1 alone and in complex with the N-terminal domain of human Sonic hedgehog (ShhN) at resolutions of 3.9 and 3.6 angstroms, respectively, as determined by cryo–electron microscopy. Ptch1 comprises two interacting extracellular domains, ECD1 and ECD2, and 12 transmembrane segments (TMs), with TMs 2 to 6 constituting the sterol-sensing domain (SSD). Two steroid-shaped densities are resolved in both structures, one enclosed by ECD1/2 and the other in the membrane-facing cavity of the SSD. Structure-guided mutational analysis shows that interaction between ShhN and Ptch1 is steroid-dependent. The structure of a steroid binding–deficient Ptch1 mutant displays pronounced conformational rearrangements.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-31
    Description: Super-resolution microscopy has overcome a long-held resolution barrier—the diffraction limit—in light microscopy and enabled visualization of previously invisible molecular details in biological systems. Since their conception, super-resolution imaging methods have continually evolved and can now be used to image cellular structures in three dimensions, multiple colors, and living systems with nanometer-scale resolution. These methods have been applied to answer questions involving the organization, interaction, stoichiometry, and dynamics of individual molecular building blocks and their integration into functional machineries in cells and tissues. In this Review, we provide an overview of super-resolution methods, their state-of-the-art capabilities, and their constantly expanding applications to biology, with a focus on the latter. We will also describe the current technical challenges and future advances anticipated in super-resolution imaging.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-05-11
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Publication Date: 2018-11-02
    Description: Genomic DNA forms chromatin, in which the nucleosome is the repeating unit. The mechanism by which RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcribes the nucleosomal DNA remains unclear. Here we report the cryo–electron microscopy structures of RNAPII-nucleosome complexes in which RNAPII pauses at the superhelical locations SHL(–6), SHL(–5), SHL(–2), and SHL(–1) of the nucleosome. RNAPII pauses at the major histone-DNA contact sites, and the nucleosome interactions with the RNAPII subunits stabilize the pause. These structures reveal snapshots of nucleosomal transcription, in which RNAPII gradually tears DNA from the histone surface while preserving the histone octamer. The nucleosomes in the SHL(–1) complexes are bound to a "foreign" DNA segment, which might explain the histone transfer mechanism. These results provide the foundations for understanding chromatin transcription and epigenetic regulation.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-11-09
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-11-09
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-11-09
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Publication Date: 2018-11-09
    Description: We describe a general computational approach to designing self-assembling helical filaments from monomeric proteins and use this approach to design proteins that assemble into micrometer-scale filaments with a wide range of geometries in vivo and in vitro. Cryo–electron microscopy structures of six designs are close to the computational design models. The filament building blocks are idealized repeat proteins, and thus the diameter of the filaments can be systematically tuned by varying the number of repeat units. The assembly and disassembly of the filaments can be controlled by engineered anchor and capping units built from monomers lacking one of the interaction surfaces. The ability to generate dynamic, highly ordered structures that span micrometers from protein monomers opens up possibilities for the fabrication of new multiscale metamaterials.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Publication Date: 2018-11-16
    Description: Membrane proteins reside in lipid bilayers and are typically extracted from this environment for study, which often compromises their integrity. In this work, we ejected intact assemblies from membranes, without chemical disruption, and used mass spectrometry to define their composition. From Escherichia coli outer membranes, we identified a chaperone-porin association and lipid interactions in the β-barrel assembly machinery. We observed efflux pumps bridging inner and outer membranes, and from inner membranes we identified a pentameric pore of TonB, as well as the protein-conducting channel SecYEG in association with F 1 F O adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Intact mitochondrial membranes from Bos taurus yielded respiratory complexes and fatty acid–bound dimers of the ADP (adenosine diphosphate)/ATP translocase (ANT-1). These results highlight the importance of native membrane environments for retaining small-molecule binding, subunit interactions, and associated chaperones of the membrane proteome.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-06-29
    Description: The precatalytic spliceosome (B complex) is preceded by the pre-B complex. Here we report the cryo–electron microscopy structures of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae pre-B and B complexes at average resolutions of 3.3 to 4.6 and 3.9 angstroms, respectively. In the pre-B complex, the duplex between the 5' splice site (5'SS) and U1 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is recognized by Yhc1, Luc7, and the Sm ring. In the B complex, U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein is dissociated, the 5'-exon–5'SS sequences are translocated near U6 snRNA, and three B-specific proteins may orient the precursor messenger RNA. In both complexes, U6 snRNA is anchored to loop I of U5 snRNA, and the duplex between the branch point sequence and U2 snRNA is recognized by the SF3b complex. Structural analysis reveals the mechanism of assembly and activation for the yeast spliceosome.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-03-30
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-04-06
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-04-06
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-04-06
    Description: Small carbocycles are structurally rigid and possess high intrinsic energy due to their ring strain. These features lead to broad applications but also create challenges for their construction. We report the engineering of hemeproteins that catalyze the formation of chiral bicyclobutanes, one of the most strained four-membered systems, via successive carbene addition to unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds. Enzymes that produce cyclopropenes, putative intermediates to the bicyclobutanes, were also identified. These genetically encoded proteins are readily optimized by directed evolution, function in Escherichia coli , and act on structurally diverse substrates with high efficiency and selectivity, providing an effective route to many chiral strained structures. This biotransformation is easily performed at preparative scale, and the resulting strained carbocycles can be derivatized, opening myriad potential applications.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-04-13
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-03-23
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Publication Date: 2018-03-23
    Description: Metal homeostasis poses a major challenge to microbes, which must acquire scarce elements for core metabolic processes. Methanobactin, an extensively modified copper-chelating peptide, was one of the earliest natural products shown to enable microbial acquisition of a metal other than iron. We describe the core biosynthetic machinery responsible for the characteristic posttranslational modifications that grant methanobactin its specificity and affinity for copper. A heterodimer comprising MbnB, a DUF692 family iron enzyme, and MbnC, a protein from a previously unknown family, performs a dioxygen-dependent four-electron oxidation of the precursor peptide (MbnA) to install an oxazolone and an adjacent thioamide, the characteristic methanobactin bidentate copper ligands. MbnB and MbnC homologs are encoded together and separately in many bacterial genomes, suggesting functions beyond their roles in methanobactin biosynthesis.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-04-06
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-03-30
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-03-30
    Description: High resilience to mechanical stress is key when pathogens adhere to their target and initiate infection. Using atomic force microscopy–based single-molecule force spectroscopy, we explored the mechanical stability of the prototypical staphylococcal adhesin SdrG, which targets a short peptide from human fibrinogen β. Steered molecular dynamics simulations revealed, and single-molecule force spectroscopy experiments confirmed, the mechanism by which this complex withstands forces of over 2 nanonewtons, a regime previously associated with the strength of a covalent bond. The target peptide, confined in a screwlike manner in the binding pocket of SdrG, distributes forces mainly toward the peptide backbone through an intricate hydrogen bond network. Thus, these adhesins can attach to their target with exceptionally resilient mechanostability, virtually independent of peptide side chains.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Publication Date: 2018-04-06
    Description: It has been hypothesized that SMC protein complexes such as condensin and cohesin spatially organize chromosomes by extruding DNA into large loops. We directly visualized the formation and processive extension of DNA loops by yeast condensin in real time. Our findings constitute unambiguous evidence for loop extrusion. We observed that a single condensin complex is able to extrude tens of kilobase pairs of DNA at a force-dependent speed of up to 1500 base pairs per second, using the energy of adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis. Condensin-induced loop extrusion was strictly asymmetric, which demonstrates that condensin anchors onto DNA and reels it in from only one side. Active DNA loop extrusion by SMC complexes may provide the universal unifying principle for genome organization.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-04-13
    Description: The RNA exosome complex processes and degrades a wide range of transcripts, including ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs). We used cryo–electron microscopy to visualize the yeast nuclear exosome holocomplex captured on a precursor large ribosomal subunit (pre-60 S ) during 7 S -to-5.8 S rRNA processing. The cofactors of the nuclear exosome are sandwiched between the ribonuclease core complex (Exo-10) and the remodeled "foot" structure of the pre-60 S particle, which harbors the 5.8 S rRNA precursor. The exosome-associated helicase Mtr4 recognizes the preribosomal substrate by docking to specific sites on the 25 S rRNA, captures the 3' extension of the 5.8 S rRNA, and channels it toward Exo-10. The structure elucidates how the exosome forms a structural and functional unit together with its massive pre-60 S substrate to process rRNA during ribosome maturation.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-06-15
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-06-29
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-07-13
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Publication Date: 2018-06-15
    Description: Photosystems I and II convert solar energy into the chemical energy that powers life. Chlorophyll a photochemistry, using red light (680 to 700 nm), is near universal and is considered to define the energy "red limit" of oxygenic photosynthesis. We present biophysical studies on the photosystems from a cyanobacterium grown in far-red light (750 nm). The few long-wavelength chlorophylls present are well resolved from each other and from the majority pigment, chlorophyll a. Charge separation in photosystem I and II uses chlorophyll f at 745 nm and chlorophyll f (or d) at 727 nm, respectively. Each photosystem has a few even longer-wavelength chlorophylls f that collect light and pass excitation energy uphill to the photochemically active pigments. These photosystems function beyond the red limit using far-red pigments in only a few key positions.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Publication Date: 2018-02-23
    Description: Oligomeric proteins assemble with exceptional selectivity, even in the presence of closely related proteins, to perform their cellular roles. We show that most proteins related by gene duplication of an oligomeric ancestor have evolved to avoid hetero-oligomerization and that this correlates with their acquisition of distinct functions. We report how coassembly is avoided by two oligomeric small heat-shock protein paralogs. A hierarchy of assembly, involving intermediates that are populated only fleetingly at equilibrium, ensures selective oligomerization. Conformational flexibility at noninterfacial regions in the monomers prevents coassembly, allowing interfaces to remain largely conserved. Homomeric oligomers must overcome the entropic benefit of coassembly and, accordingly, homomeric paralogs comprise fewer subunits than homomers that have no paralogs.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Publication Date: 2018-02-23
    Description: Transcriptionally repressive histone H3 lysine 27 methylation by Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is essential for cellular differentiation and development. Here we report cryo–electron microscopy structures of human PRC2 in a basal state and two distinct active states while in complex with its cofactors JARID2 and AEBP2. Both cofactors mimic the binding of histone H3 tails. JARID2, methylated by PRC2, mimics a methylated H3 tail to stimulate PRC2 activity, whereas AEBP2 interacts with the RBAP48 subunit, mimicking an unmodified H3 tail. SUZ12 interacts with all other subunits within the assembly and thus contributes to the stability of the complex. Our analysis defines the complete architecture of a functionally relevant PRC2 and provides a structural framework to understand its regulation by cofactors, histone tails, and RNA.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-01-12
    Description: Transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) cation channels are polymodal sensors that are involved in a variety of physiological processes. Within the TRPM family, member 8 (TRPM8) is the primary cold and menthol sensor in humans. We determined the cryo–electron microscopy structure of the full-length TRPM8 from the collared flycatcher at an overall resolution of ~4.1 ångstroms. Our TRPM8 structure reveals a three-layered architecture. The amino-terminal domain with a fold distinct among known TRP structures, together with the carboxyl-terminal region, forms a large two-layered cytosolic ring that extensively interacts with the transmembrane channel layer. The structure suggests that the menthol-binding site is located within the voltage-sensor–like domain and thus provides a structural glimpse of the design principle of the molecular transducer for cold and menthol sensation.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Publication Date: 2018-01-12
    Description: Transient receptor potential (TRP) melastatin 4 (TRPM4) is a widely expressed cation channel associated with a variety of cardiovascular disorders. TRPM4 is activated by increased intracellular calcium in a voltage-dependent manner but, unlike many other TRP channels, is permeable to monovalent cations only. Here we present two structures of full-length human TRPM4 embedded in lipid nanodiscs at ~3-angstrom resolution, as determined by single-particle cryo–electron microscopy. These structures, with and without calcium bound, reveal a general architecture for this major subfamily of TRP channels and a well-defined calcium-binding site within the intracellular side of the S1-S4 domain. The structures correspond to two distinct closed states. Calcium binding induces conformational changes that likely prime the channel for voltage-dependent opening.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-01-19
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-01-19
    Description: Invertebrates rely on Dicer to cleave viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and Drosophila Dicer-2 distinguishes dsRNA substrates by their termini. Blunt termini promote processive cleavage, while 3' overhanging termini are cleaved distributively. To understand this discrimination, we used cryo–electron microscopy to solve structures of Drosophila Dicer-2 alone and in complex with blunt dsRNA. Whereas the Platform-PAZ domains have been considered the only Dicer domains that bind dsRNA termini, unexpectedly, we found that the helicase domain is required for binding blunt, but not 3' overhanging, termini. We further showed that blunt dsRNA is locally unwound and threaded through the helicase domain in an adenosine triphosphate–dependent manner. Our studies reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism for optimizing antiviral defense and set the stage for the discovery of helicase-dependent functions in other Dicers.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-02-03
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-02-03
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Publication Date: 2018-02-03
    Description: Oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) is an essential membrane protein complex in the endoplasmic reticulum, where it transfers an oligosaccharide from a dolichol-pyrophosphate–activated donor to glycosylation sites of secretory proteins. Here we describe the atomic structure of yeast OST determined by cryo–electron microscopy, revealing a conserved subunit arrangement. The active site of the catalytic STT3 subunit points away from the center of the complex, allowing unhindered access to substrates. The dolichol-pyrophosphate moiety binds to a lipid-exposed groove of STT3, whereas two noncatalytic subunits and an ordered N-glycan form a membrane-proximal pocket for the oligosaccharide. The acceptor polypeptide site faces an oxidoreductase domain in stand-alone OST complexes or is immediately adjacent to the translocon, suggesting how eukaryotic OSTs efficiently glycosylate a large number of polypeptides before their folding.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-02-03
    Description: Splicing by the spliceosome involves branching and exon ligation. The branching reaction leads to the formation of the catalytic step I spliceosome (C complex). Here we report the cryo–electron microscopy structure of the human C complex at an average resolution of 4.1 angstroms. Compared with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae C complex, the human complex contains 11 additional proteins. The step I splicing factors CCDC49 and CCDC94 (Cwc25 and Yju2 in S. cerevisiae , respectively) closely interact with the DEAH-family adenosine triphosphatase/helicase Prp16 and bridge the gap between Prp16 and the active-site RNA elements. These features, together with structural comparison of the human C and C* complexes, provide mechanistic insights into ribonucleoprotein remodeling and allow the proposition of a working mechanism for the C-to-C* transition.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Publication Date: 2018-08-31
    Description: Editors at Science requested our input on the above discussion (comment by Best et al . and response by Riback et al .) because both sets of authors use our data from Fuertes et al . (2017) to support their arguments. The topic of discussion pertains to the discrepant inferences drawn from SAXS versus FRET measurements regarding the dimensions of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) in aqueous solvents. Using SAXS measurements on labeled and unlabeled proteins, we ruled out the labels used for FRET measurements as the cause of discrepant inferences between the two methods. Instead, we propose that FRET and SAXS provide complementary readouts because of a decoupling of size and shape fluctuations that is intrinsic to finite-sized, heteropolymeric IDPs. Accounting for this decoupling resolves the discrepant inferences between the two methods, thus making a case for the utility of both methods.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: The computational design of transmembrane proteins with more than one membrane-spanning region remains a major challenge. We report the design of transmembrane monomers, homodimers, trimers, and tetramers with 76 to 215 residue subunits containing two to four membrane-spanning regions and up to 860 total residues that adopt the target oligomerization state in detergent solution. The designed proteins localize to the plasma membrane in bacteria and in mammalian cells, and magnetic tweezer unfolding experiments in the membrane indicate that they are very stable. Crystal structures of the designed dimer and tetramer—a rocket-shaped structure with a wide cytoplasmic base that funnels into eight transmembrane helices—are very close to the design models. Our results pave the way for the design of multispan membrane proteins with new functions.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Publication Date: 2018-03-16
    Description: Diphthamide biosynthesis involves a carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction catalyzed by a radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzyme that cleaves a carbon-sulfur (C–S) bond in SAM to generate a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) radical. Using rapid freezing, we have captured an organometallic intermediate with an iron-carbon (Fe–C) bond between ACP and the enzyme’s [4Fe-4S] cluster. In the presence of the substrate protein, elongation factor 2, this intermediate converts to an organic radical, formed by addition of the ACP radical to a histidine side chain. Crystal structures of archaeal diphthamide biosynthetic radical SAM enzymes reveal that the carbon of the SAM C–S bond being cleaved is positioned near the unique cluster Fe, able to react with the cluster. Our results explain how selective C–S bond cleavage is achieved in this radical SAM enzyme.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-02-23
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-02-23
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-01-12
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-01-12
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study was carried out to find the effects of 17-ß estradiol (E2) on biochemical parameters, sex steroids and carcass composition in juvenile stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus). One hundred and eighty 5-month stellate sturgeon with an average weight of 11.7 ± 0.2 g were divided into 3 treatments with 3 replicates each with 20 fish per tank. The treatments were included 0, 25 and 50 mg E2/kg diet. At the termination of 7 months feeding trial with different levels of E2, blood biochemical parameters, sex steroids and carcass composition were measured. The results of biochemical parameters including plasma glucose, total protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, calcium and phosphorus showed dose-dependent manner. The lowest and highest levels of all biochemical parameters were observed in fish fed control and 50 mg E2/kg diet, respectively (p〈0.05). Plasma sex steroids concentrations showed the lowest level of E2 in fish fed control diet, while the highest levels of testosterone and progesterone were observed in this treatment (p〈0.05). Proximate carcass analysis showed no significant difference in moisture, crude protein, crude fat and ash contents among the treatments (p〉0.05). Final weight, total length, hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices were also affected by different levels of E2 (p〈0.05). The results of present study demonstrated that using E2 in the diet of juvenile stellate sturgeon can influence most of biochemical indices and sex steroids which seems that those were related to the changes of sex ratio and some physiological parameters.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Stellate sturgeon ; Sex steroids ; Stellate sturgeon ; Acipenser stellatus ; Sex ; Biochemistry ; Growth ; Juveniles ; Fed ; Composition ; Level ; Dietary ; Parameters
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.59-74
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-08-11
    Description: A parabolic relationship between lens radius and refractive index allows spherical lenses to avoid spherical aberration. We show that in squid, patchy colloidal physics resulted from an evolutionary radiation of globular S-crystallin proteins. Small-angle x-ray scattering experiments on lens tissue show colloidal gels of S-crystallins at all radial positions. Sparse lens materials form via low-valence linkages between disordered loops protruding from the protein surface. The loops are polydisperse and bind via a set of hydrogen bonds between disordered side chains. Peripheral lens regions with low particle valence form stable, volume-spanning gels at low density, whereas central regions with higher average valence gel at higher densities. The proteins demonstrate an evolved set of linkers for self-assembly of nanoparticles into volumetric materials.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-08-18
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Publication Date: 2017-09-01
    Description: In the early stage of transcription, eukaryotic RNA polymerase II (Pol II) exchanges initiation factors with elongation factors to form an elongation complex for processive transcription. Here we report the structure of the Pol II elongation complex bound with the basal elongation factors Spt4/5, Elf1, and TFIIS. Spt4/5 (the Spt4/Spt5 complex) and Elf1 modify a wide area of the Pol II surface. Elf1 bridges the Pol II central cleft, completing a "DNA entry tunnel" for downstream DNA. Spt4 and the Spt5 NGN and KOW1 domains encircle the upstream DNA, constituting a "DNA exit tunnel." The Spt5 KOW4 and KOW5 domains augment the "RNA exit tunnel," directing the exiting nascent RNA. Thus, the elongation complex establishes a completely different transcription and regulation platform from that of the initiation complexes.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-09-01
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-09-01
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Publication Date: 2017-09-01
    Description: NAD + (oxidized form of NAD:nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)–reducing soluble [NiFe]-hydrogenase (SH) is phylogenetically related to NADH (reduced form of NAD + ):quinone oxidoreductase (complex I), but the geometrical arrangements of the subunits and Fe–S clusters are unclear. Here, we describe the crystal structures of SH in the oxidized and reduced states. The cluster arrangement is similar to that of complex I, but the subunits orientation is not, which supports the hypothesis that subunits evolved as prebuilt modules. The oxidized active site includes a six-coordinate Ni, which is unprecedented for hydrogenases, whose coordination geometry would prevent O 2 from approaching. In the reduced state showing the normal active site structure without a physiological electron acceptor, the flavin mononucleotide cofactor is dissociated, which may be caused by the oxidation state change of nearby Fe–S clusters and may suppress production of reactive oxygen species.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-09-15
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-06-23
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-06-23
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-08-11
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-08-11
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-08-11
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Publication Date: 2017-08-11
    Description: Small basic proteins present in most Archaea share a common ancestor with the eukaryotic core histones. We report the crystal structure of an archaeal histone-DNA complex. DNA wraps around an extended polymer, formed by archaeal histone homodimers, in a quasi-continuous superhelix with the same geometry as DNA in the eukaryotic nucleosome. Substitutions of a conserved glycine at the interface of adjacent protein layers destabilize archaeal chromatin, reduce growth rate, and impair transcription regulation, confirming the biological importance of the polymeric structure. Our data establish that the histone-based mechanism of DNA compaction predates the nucleosome, illuminating the origin of the nucleosome.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-08-18
    Description: Vinculin is an actin-binding protein thought to reinforce cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions. However, how mechanical load affects the vinculin–F-actin bond is unclear. Using a single-molecule optical trap assay, we found that vinculin forms a force-dependent catch bond with F-actin through its tail domain, but with lifetimes that depend strongly on the direction of the applied force. Force toward the pointed (–) end of the actin filament resulted in a bond that was maximally stable at 8 piconewtons, with a mean lifetime (12 seconds) 10 times as long as the mean lifetime when force was applied toward the barbed (+) end. A computational model of lamellipodial actin dynamics suggests that the directionality of the vinculin–F-actin bond could establish long-range order in the actin cytoskeleton. The directional and force-stabilized binding of vinculin to F-actin may be a mechanism by which adhesion complexes maintain front-rear asymmetry in migrating cells.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-09-01
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Publication Date: 2017-06-02
    Description: The arenavirus Lassa causes severe hemorrhagic fever and a significant disease burden in West Africa every year. The glycoprotein, GPC, is the sole antigen expressed on the viral surface and the critical target for antibody-mediated neutralization. Here we present the crystal structure of the trimeric, prefusion ectodomain of Lassa GP bound to a neutralizing antibody from a human survivor at 3.2-angstrom resolution. The antibody extensively anchors two monomers together at the base of the trimer, and biochemical analysis suggests that it neutralizes by inhibiting conformational changes required for entry. This work illuminates pH-driven conformational changes in both receptor-binding and fusion subunits of Lassa virus, illustrates the unique assembly of the arenavirus glycoprotein spike, and provides a much-needed template for vaccine design against these threats to global health.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-06-02
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-06-23
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Publication Date: 2017-06-23
    Description: Hormones can transmit signals through adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) to precise intracellular locations. The fidelity of these responses relies on the activation of localized protein kinase A (PKA) holoenzymes. Association of PKA regulatory type II (RII) subunits with A-kinase–anchoring proteins (AKAPs) confers location, and catalytic (C) subunits phosphorylate substrates. Single-particle electron microscopy demonstrated that AKAP79 constrains RII-C subassemblies within 150 to 250 angstroms of its targets. Native mass spectrometry established that these macromolecular assemblies incorporated stoichiometric amounts of cAMP. Chemical-biology– and live cell–imaging techniques revealed that catalytically active PKA holoenzymes remained intact within the cytoplasm. These findings indicate that the parameters of anchored PKA holoenzyme action are much more restricted than originally anticipated.
    Keywords: Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...