ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (1,551)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (965)
  • Animals  (519)
  • Immunocytochemistry  (67)
  • Fisheries
  • General Chemistry
  • Life Sciences (General)
  • 2020-2024
  • 1995-1999  (1,551)
  • 1945-1949
  • 2023
  • 1995  (1,551)
  • Medicine  (1,551)
Collection
  • Articles  (1,551)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2020-2024
  • 1995-1999  (1,551)
  • 1945-1949
Year
Journal
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infection and disintegration of vascular tissues of non-suberized roots of spruce byHeterobasidion annosum and use of antibodies for characterizing infection (1995)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 129 (1995), S. 91-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: ELISA ; Endodermis ; H. annosum ; Immunocytochemistry ; Root rot ; Vascular tissues
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Vascular disintegration mainly of medulla rays of spruce roots is of major significance in root rot disease of spruce caused byH. annosum. Using seedling roots as an experimental model, the possible routes and initial host reactions preceding invasion of vascular tissues was investigated. Transmission electron microscopy showed that penetration through the endodermis was an obvious route but not without host resistance. Using antibodies againstH. annosum hyphal materials, some labelling of vascular tissues remote from sites of fungal colonization suggest the release of fungal secretory products partly active in tissue disintegration. Similarly, intense labelling was also observed in severely colonized host tissues at late stages of infection. Strong labelling recorded at 3 d p.i. mainly on fungal hyphae and scant gold particles on invaded host tissues could imply that induction of host antifungal metabolites may have been a late event. A correlation was found between total antigenic material in root homogenates measured by ELISA, density of tissue labelling by immunocytochemistry and severity of disease symptoms. The importance of this in relation to diagnosis of biotic root rot diseases in the field is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01103468
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of an oxytocin-like peptide in the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of a turtle (Mauremys caspica) and a snake (Natrix maura) (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 279 (1995), S. 75-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Oxytocin ; Neurophysin ; Vasotocin ; Mesotocin ; Suprachiasmatic nucleus ; Medial nucleus of the infundibular recess ; Immunocytochemistry ; Natrix maura (Serpentes) ; Mauremys caspica (Chelonia)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The probable presence of oxytocin in the hypothalamo-hypophysial system of two reptilian species, the snake Natrix maura and the turtle Mauremys caspica, was re-investigated. A high-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of the turtle neural lobe revealed the existence of vasotocin, mesotocin, and a third compound co-eluting with oxytocin. Brains from both species were fixed by vascular perfusion with Bouin's fluid. Adjacent paraffin sections were immunostained using antisera against the following substances: (1) bovine oxytocin-neurophysin; (2) a mixture of bovine oxytocin-neurophysin and vasopressin-neurophysin; (3) dogfish neurophysins; (4) oxytocin; (5) arginine-vasotocin; (6) mesotocin; (7) somatostatin. Immunoreactivity against oxytocin was found in parvocellular neurons of the snake suprachiasmatic nucleus and cerebrospinal-fluid contacting neurons of the medial nucleus of the infundibular recess of both species, the latter immunoreactivity being much more conspicuous in the turtle. Numerous fibers containing immunoreactive oxytocin extended between the medial nucleus of the infundibular recess, and the internal region of the medium eminence and the neural lobe. The oxytocin-immunoreactivity in all locations was completely abolished by preabsorption of the anti-oxytocin serum with three different oxytocin preparations. None of the neurons of the suprachiasmatic and medial nucleus of the infundibular recess, including the oxytocin-immunoreactive elements, reacted with either the antineurophysin sera used, or the anti-vasotocin or anti-mesotocin antibodies. The possible existence of a reptilian oxytocin-neurophysin is discussed. The alternative that, in the reptilian hypothalamus, neurons synthesize a compound closely related to, but different from oxytocin is also considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300693
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The biased intracellular accumulation of the β-subunit of salmon gonadotropin (GTH II) in the pituitary of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, during gametogenesis (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 279 (1995), S. 93-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pituitary gland ; Gonadotropin ; Subunits ; Gonadotropes ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunoblotting ; Oncorhynchus mykiss (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Salmon gonadotropin (GTH II) is a heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone (α and IIβ subunits), serving as a maturational GTH, and is produced in a specific gonadotropic cell-type (GTH II-cells) containing small granules and large globules. In trout GTH II-cells, double immunolabeling for the α- and IIβ-subunits shows that colocalization of the α- and IIβ-immunolabeling is confined to the small granules, indicating storage of functional GTH II. On the other hand, α-immunolabeling is absent in the large globules, even though IIβ labeling is abundant throughout the period of seasonal gametogenesis. The α-specific antiserum recognizes the intact α-subunit as well as the reduced and deglycosylated α-subunits by immunoblotting. These results indicate that an accumulation of the IIβ-subunit is specifically generated in the large globules of these cells. In fact, with sexual maturity, the quantity of IIβ-subunits becomes elevated in the trout pituitary due to a marked increase in GTH II-cells containing many large globules. However, the derivation and function of the large globules and the fate of their contained IIβ-subunits remains unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300695
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regeneration and post-metamorphic development of the central nervous system in the protochordate Ciona intestinalis: a study with monoclonal antibodies (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 279 (1995), S. 421-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Trans-differentiation ; Proliferation ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; Immunocytochemistry ; Regeneration ; Ciona intestinalis (Tunicata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this study, we use three monoclonal antibodies that recognise antigens present in the central nervous system of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis to study regeneration and post-metamorphic development of the neural ganglion. We have also used bromodeoxyuridine labelling to study generation of the neuronal precursor cells. The first antibody, CiN 1, recognises all neurones in the ganglion, whereas the second, CiN 2, recognises only a subpopulation of the large cortical neurones. Western blotting studies show that CiN 2 recognises two membrane-bound glycoproteins of apparent Mr 129 and 100 kDa. CiN 1 is not reactive on Western blots. Immunocytochemical studies with these antibodies show that CiN 1-immunoreactive neurone-like cells are present at the site of regeneration as early as 5–7 days post-ablation, a sub-population of CiN 2-immunoreactive cells being detected by 9–12 days post-ablation. The third antibody, ECM 1, stains extracellular matrix components and recognises two diffuse bands on Western blots of whole-body and ganglion homogenates. The temporal and spatial pattern of appearance of CiN 1 and CiN 2 immunoreactivity both during post-metamorphic development and in regeneration occurs in the same sequence in both processes. Studies with bromodeoxyuridine show labelled nuclei in some neurones in the regenerating ganglion. Plausibly these originate from the dorsal strand, an epithelial tube that reforms by cell proliferation during the initial phases of regeneration. A second population of cells, the large cortical neurones, do not incorporate bromodeoxyuridine and thus must have been born prior to the onset of regeneration. This latter finding indicates a mechanism involving trans-differentiation of other cell types or differentiation of long-lived totipotent stem cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318500
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of embryonic myosin in normal postural muscles of the adult rat (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 541-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Musle ; striated ; skeletal ; Regeneration ; Myosin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Rat (Sprague Dawley)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Indirect immunofluorescence was used to localize embryonic myosin heavy chains in soleus, adductor longus, tibialis anterior, plantaris, and extensor digitorum longus muscles of 6-month-old rats. A monoclonal antibody (2B6), specifically recognizing rat embryonic myosin, was applied to unfixed, transverse, frozen sections. The number of embryonic myosin-positive (EMP) extrafusal fibers was expressed as a percentage of the total number of fibers. EMP extrafusal fibers were only seen in the soleus and adductor longus muscles, both postural muscles. Approximately 1% of the soleus muscle fibers appeared positively stained for embryonic myosin. The majority of such fibers had a small diameter (〈500 μ2), appeared intensely fluorescent, and typically contained central nuclei. Re-expression of embryonic myosin due to spontaneous fiber denervation is not a likely factor in this study, since alpha-bungarotoxin and N-CAM localization were restricted to the motor end-plate region of EMP fibers. Since embryonic myosin was shown to disappear in all normal-sized myofibers by 2 to 3 months of age, the results suggest that the EMP extrafusal fibers seen in postural muscles of 6 to 12-month-old animals are regenerating myofibers. We speculate that a small number of muscle fibers may be regenerating in normal, adult postural muscles, in response to fiber damage possibly caused by excessive recruitment or overloading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318358
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of melanin-concentrating hormone-immunoreactive elements in the brain of gilthead seabream (Sparus auratus) (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 523-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Melanin-concentrating hormone ; Immunocytochemistry ; Development ; ontogenetic ; Sparus auratus (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The development of the hypothalamic melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) system of the teleost Sparus auratus has been studied by immunocytochemistry using an anti-salmon MCH serum. Immunoreactive perikarya and fibers are found in embryos, larvae, and juvenile specimens. In juveniles, most labeled neurons are present in the nucleus lateralis tuberis; some are dispersed in the nucleus recessus lateralis and nucleus periventricularis posterior. From the nucleus lateralis tuberis, MCH neurons project a conspicuous tract of fibers to the ventral hypothalamus; this penetrates the pituitary stalk and reaches the neurohypophysis. Most fibers end close to the cells of the pars intermedia, and some reach the adenohypophysial rostral pars distalis. Immunoreactive fibers can also be seen in extrahypophysial localizations, such as the preoptic region and the nucleus sacci vasculosi. In embryos, MCH-immunoreactive neurons first appear at 36 h post-fertilization in the ventrolateral margin of the developing hypothalamus. In larvae, at 4 days post-hatching, perikarya can be observed in the ventrolateral border of the hypothalamus and in the mid-hypothalamus, near the ventricle. At 26 days post-hatching, MCH perikarya are restricted to the nucleus lateralis tuberis. The neurohypophysis possesses MCH-immunoreactive fibers from the second day post-hatching. The results indicate that MCH plays a role in larval development with respect to skin melanophores and cells that secrete melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050504
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ontogenetic development of neuropeptide Y-like-immunoreactive cells in the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine system of the dogfish (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Neuropeptide Y ; Gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) endocrine system ; Development ; ontogenetic ; Vitellointestinal duct ; Pancreas ; exocrine ; Pancreas ; endocrine ; Immunocytochemistry ; Scyliorhinus torazame (Elasmobranchii)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This immunocytochemical study was carried out to elucidate the ontogenetic development of neuropeptide Y-like-immunoreactive cells in the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine system of the cloudy dogfish, Scyliorhinus torazame. Immunostained cells first appeared in the pancreas of the embryo at the 15-mm stage, and were also detected in the vitellointestinal duct of the yolk stalk at the 20-mm stage. These cells were polymorphic, with occasional processes that were sometimes directed toward the vascular wall or into the cavity of the vitellointestinal duct. At the 34-mm stage, immunostained cells could also be found in the proximal part of the spiral intestine and, by the 74-mm stage, immunopositive cells were present in the gastric mucosa. In the gut and pancreas, the cells gradually increased in number with development, whereas in the vitellointestinal duct and internal yolk sac, they decreased and seemed to disappear following hatching. Thus, in juveniles, the distribution of the neuropeptide Y-like-immunoreactive cells in the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine system had attained that of adults. Electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry demonstrated that, in the labeled cells of the vitellointestinal duct, the neuropeptide Y-like antigen was located in cytoplasmic granules, as in the cells of the gut and pancreas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050456
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rat intestinal galactoside-binding lectin L-36 functions as a structural protein in the superficial squamous cells of the esophageal epithelium (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 77-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Esophagus ; Epithelial cells ; Intestinal lectin ; L-36 ; RI-H fragment ; Immunocytochemistry ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Using an affinity purified antibody raised against the RI-H fragment of rat intestinal lectin L-36, the latter protein has been identified within the esophageal epithelium by means of ultracryotomy followed by immunogold labeling. The epithelium consists of 4 morphologically distinct cell-types, namely, the basal, spiny, granular and squamous cells, and each of these exhibits a different immunolabeling pattern. The basal cells form a layer on the basal lamina, and in these a diffuse cytoplasmic staining is observed. This basal cell layer is overlaid by spiny cells that extend many cell processes into wide intercellular spaces. In these cells, immunogold particles are found only on small granular inclusions consisting of an electron-lucent homogeneous substance. The granular cells form a third layer over the spiny cells, and are characterized by a number of large granular inclusions with an electron-dense core rimmed by a less electron-dense substance. Immunogold labeling is found on these granules, both on the core and peripheral region. Squamous cell-types constitute the most superficial layer of the epithelium. They are without granular inclusions, and immunogold labeling is confined to the cytoplasmic surface of the thickened plasma membrane. These findings suggest that L-36 is produced in the basal cells as free cytosolic protein, then becomes progressively aggregated into the granular inclusions of the spiny and granular cells, and is eventually transferred onto the cytoplasmic surface of the squamous cell plasma membrane where it may interact with complementary glycoconjugate(s) located at this site. The membrane lining substance thus formed may play a role in stabilizing the squamous cell membranes, thereby maintaining the structural integrity of the epithelium against mechanical stress coming from the esophageal lumen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307960
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical localisation of some lysosomal hydrolases, their presence in luminal fluid and their directional secretion by human epididymal cells in culture (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 415-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Epididymis ; Efferent ducts ; Cell culture ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunoprecipitation ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The way in which the human epididymis modifies spermatozoa during their sojourn in this structure might be clarified by knowledge of the nature of its secretions. We have examined the presence of several lysosomal hydrolases in human epididymal tissue and fluids, and their synthesis and secretion by monolayer cultures. Tissues were obtained from men undergoing orchidectomy for prostatic carcinoma. The enzymes cathepsin D and acid α-glucosidase were localised in the lysosomes of epithelial cells from the corpus epididymidis, by an immunocytochemical technique. Cathepsin D was also found in epithelial cells of the efferent ducts within lysosomes, apical vesicles and multivesicular bodies. No immunolocalisation of acid glucosidase in the efferent ducts or on the microvilli of the corpus was demonstrable. Cathepsin D, β-hexosaminidase (N-acetylglucosaminidase) and α-glucosidase were measurable in the luminal fluid from the human corpus epididymidis; β-hexosaminidase was secreted into the culture medium by confluent monolayers of epididymal and efferent duct cells. Immunoprecipitation of cell extracts and culture medium of these cultures incubated with 35S-methionine revealed that the precursors of cathepsin D and β-hexosaminidase were synthesized and secreted by such monolayers. Thus, active lytic enzymes are secreted by the human epididymis and could modify sperm membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307815
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunolocalization of the Na,K-ATPase in photoreceptor cells of the moth Manduca sexta-evidence for Na,K-ATPase on both the nonmicrovillar and the microvillar domains of the plasma membrane (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 119-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Compound eye ; Photoreceptor cells ; Ion pumps ; Polarity ; Immunocytochemistry ; Manduca sexta (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunohistochemical and physiological studies on various insect photoreceptors have demonstrated that the Na,K-ATPase (sodium pump) is restricted to the nonreceptive nonmicrovillar area of the plasma membrane. Here, we examined the distribution of the Na,K-ATPase in photoreceptor cells of the superposition-type compound eye in the moth Manduca sexta. Using immunofluorescent and immunogold cytochemistry, we show that the Na,K-ATPase is localized to both the nonmicrovillar and the microvillar parts of the plasma membrane. Manduca photoreceptors thus deviate from the common concept that the sodium pump and the molecular components of the photoreceptive machinery reside on different domains of the plasma membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307965
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Putative neurohemal areas in the peripheral nervous system of an insect, Gryllus bimaculatus, revealed by immunocytochemistry (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 43-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurohemal areas ; Neuropeptides ; Monoamines ; Immunocytochemistry ; Nervous system, insect ; Gryllus bimaculatus (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The morphology and position of putative neurohemal areas in the peripheral nervous system (ventral nerve cord and retrocerebral complex) of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus are described. By using antisera to the amines dopamine, histamine, octopamine, and serotonin, and the neuropeptides crustacean cardioactive peptide, FMRFamide, leucokinin 1, and proctolin, an extensive system of varicose fibers has been detected throughout the nerves of all neuromeres, except for nerve 2 of the prothoracic ganglion. Immunoreactive varicose fibers occur mainly in a superficial position at the neurilemma, indicating neurosecretory storage and release of neuroactive compounds. The varicose fibers are projections from central or peripheral neurons that may extend over more than one segment. The peripheral fiber varicosities show segment-specific arrangements for each of the substances investigated. Immunoreactivity to histamine and octopamine is mainly found in the nerves of abdominal segments, whereas serotonin immunoreactivity is concentrated in subesophageal and terminal ganglion nerves. Immunoreactivity to FMRFamide and crustacean cardioactive peptide is widespread throughout all segments. Structures immunoreactive to leucokinin 1 are present in abdominal nerves, and proctolin immunostaining is found in the terminal ganglion and thoracic nerves. Codistribution of peripheral varicose fiber plexuses is regularly seen for amines and peptides, whereas the colocalization of substances in neurons has not been detected for any of the neuroactive compounds investigated. The varicose fiber system is regarded as complementary to the classical neurohemal organs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307957
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunolocalization of interleukin-1α in rat mandibular molars and its enhancement after in vivo injection of epidermal growth factor (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 21-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Interleukin ; Stellate reticulum ; Immunocytochemistry ; Epidermal growth factor ; Interleukin-1 receptor type I messenger RNA ; Tooth eruption ; Rat (Sprague Dawley)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunolocalization of interleukin-1α in the first mandibular molars of rats from day 0–12 postnatally showed that the protein was localized in the epithelial stellate reticulum adjacent to the dental follicle. Staining of the stellate reticulum was most prominent in the early days postnatally and was absent by postnatal day 11. Injection of epidermal growth factor into rats at day 0 greatly increased the intensity of the staining for interleukin-1α in the stellate reticulum. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) enhanced the gene expression of interleukin-1α in stellate reticulum cells in vitro, and this study suggests there is enhanced translation of interleukin-1α messenger RNA in the stellate reticulum following EGF injection. In turn, the interleukin-1α may exert its effect on the dental follicle cells adjacent to the stellate reticulum because EGF also enhanced expression of the interleukin-1 receptor type I messenger RNA in cultured dental follicle cells as well as enhancing its expression in vivo. In view of the fact that injection of EGF will stimulate precocious eruption of teeth, its stimulus of interleukin-1α synthesis in the stellate reticulum may be the mechanism by which EGF initiates a cascade of molecular events to signal the onset of tooth eruption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304507
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the endogenous 14-kDa β-galactoside-binding lectin galectin in normal human skin (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Galectin ; β-Galactoside-binding lectin ; Human ; Skin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunohistochemistry ; Hybridization ; in situ ; Langerhans cell ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The localization of an endogenous 14-kDa β-galactoside-binding lectin (galectin) and its pattern of gene expression were examined in normal human skin by light- and electron microscopy. Under the light microscope, immunostaining of 14-kDa galectin was observed in the cell membrane of cells in the basal and spinous layers of the epidermis. Galectin was also found in the Langerhans cells, as shown by double labeling using anti-14-kDa galectin and anti-CD1a antibodi es. In the dermis, immunostaining for the 14-kDa galectin was positive in the extracellular matrix and fibroblasts. At the electron-microscopic level of resolution, galectin was located primarily along the plasma membrane of keratinocytes, and in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of Langerhans cells in the epidermis, whereas in the dermis it was detected in the extracellular matrix and in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of fibroblasts. The gene expression of 14-kDa galectin was visualized by the HRP-staining me thod following in situ hybridization techniques. The expression was detected in the cytoplasm of cells in the basal and spinous layers of the epidermis; whereas, in the dermis, it was detected in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts. Moreover, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and lectin-blot analysis revealed that this galectin bound to glycoproteins of approximately 17, 62, and 72 kDa in the epidermis and to those of 29, 54, and 220 kDa in the dermis. The present study indicates that 1) normal human skin produces the β-galactoside-binding 14-kDa galectin, and 2) this galectin is located in both the epidermis, particularly in the keratinocytes and Langerhans cells, and in the dermis. These results suggest that galectin is important for cell-cell contact and/or adhesion in the epidermis and for cell-extracellular matrix interaction in the dermis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304505
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the endogenous 14-kDa β-galactoside-binding lectin galectin in normal human skin (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Galectin ; β-Galactoside-binding lectin ; Human ; Skin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunohistochemistry ; Hybridization, in situ ; Langerhans cell ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The localization of an endogenous 14-kDa β-galactoside-binding lectin (galectin) and its pattern of gene expression were examined in normal human skin by light- and electron microscopy. Under the light microscope, immunostaining of 14-kDa galectin was observed in the cell membrane of cells in the basal and spinous layers of the epidermis. Galectin was also found in the Langerhans cells, as shown by double labeling using anti-14-kDa galectin and anti-CD1a antibodies. In the dermis, immunostaining for the 14-kDa galectin was positive in the extracellular matrix and fibroblasts. At the electron-microscopic level of resolution, galectin was located primarily along the plasma membrane of keratinocytes, and in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of Langerhans cells in the epidermis, whereas in the dermis it was detected in the extracellular matrix and in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of fibroblasts. The gene expression of 14-kDa galectin was visualized by the HRP-staining method following in situ hybridization techniques. The expression was detected in the cytoplasm of cells in the basal and spinous layers of the epidermis; whereas, in the dermis, it was detected in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts. Moreover, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and lectin-blot analysis revealed that this galectin bound to glycoproteins of approximately 17, 62, and 72 kDa in the epidermis and to those of 29, 54, and 220 kDa in the dermis. The present study indicates that 1) normal human skin produces the β-galactoside-binding 14-kDa galectin, and 2) this galectin is located in both the epidermis, particularly in the keratinocytes and Langerhans cells, and in the dermis. These results suggest that galectin is important for cell-cell contact and/or adhesion in the epidermis and for cell-extracellular matrix interaction in the dermis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304505
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and localization of an Mr 225 kDa polypeptide specifically involved in the defence mechanisms of the clam Tapes semidecussatus (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 27-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Defence mechanisms ; Encapsulation ; Granulocytes ; Immunocytochemistry ; Parasitism ; Perkinsus sp. (Protozoa) ; Tapes semidecussatus (Mollusca)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Parasitosis by the trophozoite protozoan Perkinsus sp. (Apicomplexa, Perkinsea) induces in the gill filaments of the clam Tapes semidecussatus (Mollusca, Bivalvia) a cellular reaction, which is constituted by infiltrated granulocytes. This cellular reaction has characteristics of those of a holocrine gland, since the parasites are encapsulated by the secretion product of the granulocytes after cell death. An enriched fraction of prezoosporangia and their associated capsule was obtained after culture of the parasitized gills in fluid thioglycollate medium. Specific polypeptides from this fraction were separated by SDS-PAGE and isolated for rabbit immunizations. The serum obtained against an Mr 225 kDa polypeptide, revealed its exclusive localization in the capsule and in the granules of the infiltrated granulocytes, thus indicating that this polypeptide is synthesized by these cells and secreted, in a polarized way, around the trophozoites resulting in their encapsulation. Selective deglycosylation of the polypeptide, by Endo H and alkaline β-elimination, did not show an effect on its molecular weight or antibody recognition. Furthermore, the absence of the 225 kDa band in the Western-blots of non-parasitized gills indicated the specific association of this polypeptide with the parasitosis. Finally, this is the first tissue-specific factor described in molluscs in relation to defence mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304508
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical localization of ribonuclease in yolk granules of adult Rana cttesbeiana oocytes (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 259-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Oocyte ; Yolk granules ; Ribonuclease ; Immunocytochemistry ; Bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana (Anura)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To determine the localization of the pyrimidine-guanine sequence-specific ribonuclease in Rana catesbeiana (bullfrog) oocytes, the RNase was first isolated and used to prepare a specific rabbit antiserum. Only one protein of similar molecular size to the RNase was immunoprecipitated from ovary homogenate by the antiserum, but two bands were observed by Western blotting analysis. These two proteins were shown by further purification of antibody and Western blotting analysis to have similar antigenicity. Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting of tissue homogenates showed that the RNase was found predominantly in the ovary, but not in other tissues. The specific localization of the RNase was determined by immuno-electron microscopy of oocyte sections incubated with the specific antiserum; the yolk granules, but not other organelles, were found to contain the RNase. Most of the RNase was evenly distributed in the lateral amorphous area of the yolk granule but not in the central yolk crystal area which contains stored vitellogenin proteins. Our results indicate that the RNase is compartmentalized in the yolk granules of oocytes, which might prevent damage to cellular RNAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307797
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rat intestinal galactoside-binding lectin L-36 functions as a structural protein in the superficial squamous cells of the esophageal epithelium (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 77-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Esophagus ; Epithelial cells ; Intestinal lectin, L-36 ; RI-H fragment ; Immunocytochemistry ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using an affinity purified antibody raised against the RI-H fragment of rat intestinal lectin L-36, the latter protein has been identified within the esophageal epithelium by means of ultracryotomy followed by immunogold labeling. The epithelium consists of 4 morphologically distinct cell-types, namely, the basal, spiny, granular and squamous cells, and each of these exhibits a different immunolabeling pattern. The basal cells form a layer on the basal lamina, and in these a diffuse cytoplasmic staining is observed. This basal cell layer is overlaid by spiny cells that extend many cell processes into wide intercellular spaces. In these cells, immunogold particles are found only on small granular inclusions consisting of an electron-lucent homogeneous substance. The granular cells from a third layer over the spiny cells, and are characterized by a number of large granular inclusions with an electron-dense core rimmed by a less electron-dense substance. Immunogold labeling is found on these granules, both on the core and peripheral region. Squamous cell-types constitute the most superficial layer of the epithelium. They are without granular inclusions, and immunogold labeling is confined to the cytoplasmic surface of the thickened plasma membrane. These findings suggest that L-36 is produced in the basal cells as free cytosolic protein, then becomes progressively aggregated into the granular inclusions of the spiny and granular cells, and is eventually transferred onto the cytoplasmic surface of the squamous cell plasma membrane where it may interact with complementary glycoconjugate(s) located at this site. The membrane lining substance thus formed may play a role in stabilizing the squamous cell membranes, thereby maintaining the structural integrity of the epithelium against mechanical stress coming from the esophageal lumen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307960
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of integrin subunits α6 and β1 during somitogenesis in the long-tailed macaque (M. fascicularis) (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 101-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Somite ; Intergin ; Extracellular matrix, structures ; Embryo ; Laminin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Macaca fascicularis (Primates)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of integrin subunits α6 and β1, and the α6β1 integrin ligand, laminin, was examined during somitogenesis in developmental stages 11, 13, and 16 in the long-tailed macaque, using peroxidase immunocytochemistry. Within differentiating somites in stage 11, α6 expression was observed in the sclerotome, basal surface of dermamyotomal cells adjacent to the basal lamina and on scattered cells throughout the dermamyotome. In further advanced somites in stages 13 and 16, α6 immunoreactivity become restricted to the myotome, α6 was expressed on mesenchymal core cells within the myocele of undifferentiated epitheliod somites and the ventromedial wall of somites commencing differentiation at each stage. β1 distribution resembled that of α6 in stage 11 somitic tissue, however, it remained present on myotome and sclerotome cells in the later stages, and was also expressed on dermatomal cells in stage 16. Laminin immunoreactivity, while more intense and prevalent than α6 and β1 in each stage examined, occurred on the same somite cell populations as the 2 integrin subunits. These results show a defined distribution of α6 on somitic tissue, and suggest this integrin is involved in somite differentiation. They also support a possible role for α6 in myoblast formation and migration. Overlapping of β1 and laminin immunoreactivity with that of α6 further suggests that α6 paris with β1 as a functional heterodimer for laminin in defined somitic regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307963
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical, electrophoresis, and immunoblot analysis of Heliothis virescens gap junctions isolated in the presence and absence of protease inhibitors (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 179-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Gap junction ; Intercellular junction ; Insect ; Arthropod ; Immunocytochemistry ; Heliothis virescens (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Gap junction-enriched fractions were prepared from larvae of the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens using the NaOH procedure in the presence or absence of protease inhibitors and were analyzed by SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting and EM immunocytochemistry. Protease inhibitor fractions contained a 48-kDa protein in addition to the ∼10 proteins in fractions with and without inhibitors. Three polyclonal antibodies were used as probes for gap junction plaques and proteins: R16, against an ∼40-kDa candidate gap junction protein from Drosophila melanogaster; R17, against the 40-kDa candidate gap junction protein from H. virescens; and R18AP, an affinity purified antibody against a consensus sequence of N-terminal amino acids 2–21 of the H. virescens 40-kDa protein. R16, R17, and R18AP stain the 40- and 48-kDa proteins, R16 and R18AP stain a 64-kDa protein, and R16 stains an ∼30-kDa protein in the absence of inhibitors. Inclusion of protease inhibitors had no effect on gap junction ultrastructure. R16 and R17 label gap junction plaques in crude membrane and NaOH fractions, whereas R18AP exhibits only a low level of reactivity with gap junctions in crude membrane fractions and none with gap junctions in NaOH fractions. The results show that the 30-, 40-, 48- and 64-kDa proteins are immunologically related and are associated with gap junctions in H. virescens, the N-terminus of the 40-kDa protein is relatively inaccessible or easily lost, and the 48-kDa protein is protease-sensitive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307972
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unusual distribution of tubulin isoforms in the snail Lymnaea stagnalis (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 507-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Microtubules ; Isoforms ; Nervous system ; Locomotion ; Cilia ; Immunocytochemistry ; Western blotting ; Lymnaea stagnalis (Mollusca)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting techniques demonstrated that the nervous system and foot of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis are rich sources of tubulin, which can be extracted and assembled in vitro in the presence of taxol. Various broad-spectrum antibodies raised against α-tubulin and β-tubulin yielded qualitatively similar results. One monoclonal antibody to trypanosome α-tubulin, however, labelled α-tubulin more strongly on both probed sections and Western blots. Cytochemistry and immunoblotting revealed that tyrosinated tubulin constitutes a large proportion of total α-tubulin in locomotor cilia of the foot and in axons of the nervous system. Detyrosinated tubulin also appeared to be abundant in the foot cilia but only a very faint band of detyrosinated tubulin was found on protein blots extracted from the central ganglia, and staining was barely detectable in central ganglia or peripheral nerves. Similarly, acetylated tubulin appeared to be abundant in foot cilia, but Western blotting indicated only low levels of acetylated tubulin in the nervous system. Immunocytochemistry indicated that, while most neurons possessed little or no acetylated tubulin, a small number of axons contained significant amounts of this isoform. Thus, while a large amount of tubulin was expected in the nervous system and locomotor cilia of L. stagnalis, the observed distribution of isoforms was unanticipated. Specifically, neurons of other organisms have generally been reported to contain substantial amounts of both detyrosinated α-tubulin and acetylated α-tubulin. Our results indicate that such findings cannot be generalized across all species. L. stagnalis, with its well studied nervous system and unusual distribution of tubulin isoforms, may prove to be particularly useful for studying the roles of tubulin isoforms in microtubule function and cell activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417868
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical characterization of the accessory medulla in the cockroach Leucophaea maderae (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 3-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Circadian rhythm ; Colocalization ; Immunocytochemistry ; Brain (CNS), invertebrate ; Optic lobe ; Pigment-dispersing hormone, insect ; Leucophaea maderae (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Several lines of evidence suggest that pigment-dispersing hormone-immunoreactive neurons with ramifications in the accessory medulla are involved in the circadian system of insects. The present study provides a detailed analysis of the anatomical and neurochemical organization of the accessory medulla in the brain of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae. We show that the accessory medulla is compartmentalized into central dense nodular neuropil surrounded by a shell of coarse fibers. It is innervated by neurons immunoreactive to antisera against serotonin and the neuropeptides allatostatin 7, allatotropin, corazonin, gastrin/cholecystokinin, FMRFamide, leucokinin I, and pigment-dispersing hormone. Some of the immunostained neurons appear to be local neurons of the accessory medulla, whereas others connect this neuropil to various brain areas, including the lamina, the contralateral optic lobe, the posterior optic tubercles, and the superior protocerebrum. Double-label experiments show the colocalization of immunoreactivity against pigment-dispersing hormone with compounds related to FMRFamide, serotonin, and leucokinin I. The neuronal and neurochemical organization of the accessory medulla is consistent with the current hypothesis for a role of this brain area as a circadian pacemaking center in the insect brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319128
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ontogenetic development of neuropeptide Y-like-immunoreactive cells in the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine system of the dogfish (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neuropeptide Y ; Gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) endocrine system ; Development, ontogenetic ; Vitellointestinal duct ; Pancreas, exocrine ; Pancreas, endocrine ; Immunocytochemistry ; Scyliorhinus torazame (Elasmobranchii)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This immunocytochemical study was carried out to elucidate the ontogenetic development of neuropeptide Y-like-immunoreactive cells in the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine system of the cloudy dogfish, Scyliorhinus torazame. Immunostained cells first appeared in the pancreas of the embryo at the 15-mm stage, and were also detected in the vitellointestinal duct of the yolk stalk at the 20-mm stage. These cells were polymorphic, with occasional processes that were sometimes directed toward the vascular wall or into the cavity of the vitellointestinal duct. At the 34-mm stage, immunostained cells could also be found in the proximal part of the spiral intestine and, by the 74-mm stage, immunopositive cells were present in the gastric mucosa. In the gut and pancreas, the cells gradually increased in number with development, whereas in the vitellointestinal duct and internal yolk sac, they decreased and seemed to disappear following hatching. Thus, in juveniles, the distribution of the neuropeptide Y-like-immunoreactive cells in the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine system had attained that of adults. Electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry demonstrated that, in the labeled cells of the vitellointestinal duct, the neuropeptide Y-like antigen was located in cytoplasmic granules, as in the cells of the gut and pancreas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319130
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical characterization of the accessory medulla in the cockroach Leucophaea maderae (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 3-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Circadian rhythm ; Colocalization ; Immunocytochemistry ; Brain (CNS) ; invertebrate ; Optic lobe ; Pigment-dispersing hormone ; insect ; Leucophaea maderae (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Several lines of evidence suggest that pigment-dispersing hormone-immunoreactive neurons with ramifications in the accessory medulla are involved in the circadian system of insects. The present study provides a detailed analysis of the anatomical and neurochemical organization of the accessory medulla in the brain of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae. We show that the accessory medulla is compartmentalized into central dense nodular neuropil surrounded by a shell of coarse fibers. It is innervated by neurons immunoreactive to antisera against serotonin and the neuropeptides allatostatin 7, allatotropin, corazonin, gastrin/cholecystokinin, FMRFamide, leucokinin I, and pigment-dispersing hormone. Some of the immunostained neurons appear to be local neurons of the accessory medulla, whereas others connect this neuropil to various brain areas, including the lamina, the contralateral optic lobe, the posterior optic tubercles, and the superior protocerebrum. Double-label experiments show the colocalization of immunoreactivity against pigment-dispersing hormone with compounds related to FMRFamide, serotonin, and leucokinin I. The neuronal and neurochemical organization of the accessory medulla is consistent with the current hypothesis for a role of this brain area as a circadian pacemaking center in the insect brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050454
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical localisation of some lysosomal hydrolases, their presence in luminal fluid and their directional secretion by human epididymal cells in culture (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 415-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Epididymis ; Efferent ducts ; Cell culture ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunoprecipitation ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The way in which the human epididymis modifies spermatozoa during their sojourn in this structure might be clarified by knowledge of the nature of its secretions. We have examined the presence of several lysosomal hydrolases in human epididymal tissue and fluids, and their synthesis and secretion by monolayer cultures. Tissues were obtained from men undergoing orchidectomy for prostatic carcinoma. The enzymes cathepsin D and acid α-glucosidase were localised in the lysosomes of epithelial cells from the corpus epididymidis, by an immunocytochemical technique. Cathepsin D was also found in epithelial cells of the efferent ducts within lysosomes, apical vesicles and multivesicular bodies. No immunolocalisation of acid glucosidase in the efferent ducts or on the microvilli of the corpus was demonstrable. Cathepsin D, β-hexosaminidase (N-acetylglucosaminidase) and α-glucosidase were measurable in the luminal fluid from the human corpus epididymidis; β-hexosaminidase was secreted into the culture medium by confluent monolayers of epididymal and efferent duct cells. Immunoprecipitation of cell extracts and culture medium of these cultures incubated with 35S-methionine revealed that the precursors of cathepsin D and β-hexosaminidase were synthesized and secreted by such monolayers. Thus, active lytic enzymes are secreted by the human epididymis and could modify sperm membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307815
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of embryonic myosin in normal postural muscles of the adult rat (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 541-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Musle, striated, skeletal ; Regeneration ; Myosin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Rat (Sprague Dawley)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Indirect immunofluorescence was used to localize embryonic myosin heavy chains in soleus, adductor longus, tibialis anterior, plantaris, and extensor digitorum longus muscles of 6-month-old rats. A monoclonal antibody (2B6), specifically recognizing rat embryonic myosin, was applied to unfixed, transverse, frozen sections. The number of embryonic myosin-positive (EMP) extrafusal fibers was expressed as a percentage of the total number of fibers. EMP extrafusal fibers were only seen in the soleus and adductor longus muscles, both postural muscles. Approximately 1% of the soleus muscle fibers appeared positively stained for embryonic myosin. The majority of such fibers had a small diameter (〈500 ν), appeared intensely fluorescent, and typically contained central nuclei. Re-expression of embryonic myosin due to spontaneous fiber denervation is not a likely factor in this study, since alpha-bungarotoxin and N-CAM localization were restricted to the motor end-plate region of EMP fibers. Since embryonic myosin was shown to disappear in all normal-sized myofibers by 2 to 3 months of age, the results suggest that the EMP extrafusal fibers seen in postural muscles of 6 to 12-month-old animals are regenerating myofibers. We speculate that a small number of muscle fibers may be regenerating in normal, adult postural muscles, in response to fiber damage possibly caused by excessive recruitment or overloading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318358
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sources of inputs to longitudinal muscle motor neurons and ascending interneurons in the guinea-pig small intestine (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 549-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Enteric nervous system ; Immunocytochemistry ; Calretinin ; Calbindin ; Bombesin ; Small intestine ; Guinea-pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Light- and electron-microscopic studies were used to investigate connections between specific subgroups of neurons in the myenteric plexus of the guineapig small intestine. Inputs to two classes of calretinin-immunoreactive (IR) nerve cells, longitudinal muscle motor neurons and ascending interneurons, were examined. Inputs from calbindin-IR primary sensory neurons and from three classes of descending interneurons were studied. Electron-microscopic analysis showed that calbindin-IR axons formed two types of inputs, synapses and close contacts, on calretinin-IR neurons. About 40% of inputs to the longitudinal muscle motor neurons and 70% to ascending interneurons were calbindin-IR. Approximately 50% of longitudinal muscle motor neurons were surrounded by bombesin-IR dense pericellular baskets and 40% by closely apposed varicosities. At the electron-microscope level, the bombesin-IR varicosities were found to form synapses and close contacts with the motor neurons. Dense pericellular baskets with bombesin-IR surrounded 36% of all ascending interneurons, and a further 17% had closely apposed varicosities. Somatostatin-and 5-HT-IR descending interneurons provided no dense pericellular baskets to calretinin-IR nerve cells. Thus, calretinin-IR, longitudinal muscle motor neurons and ascending interneurons receive direct synaptic inputs from intrinsic primary sensory neurons and from non-cholinergic, bombesin-IR, descending interneurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318359
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of the 110 kDa receptor for laminin in brains of embryonic and postnatal mice (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 279 (1995), S. 371-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Laminin ; Nerve tracts ; Ontogenetic development ; Brain ; Immunocytochemistry ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Laminin, a large glycoprotein of the basement membrane that promotes the growth of nerve cell processes in vitro has also been detected in the brains of developing embryos in situ where it is postulated to promote or guide neural outgrowth. We have investigated the histological and developmental patterns of a receptor to a specific pentapeptide sequence in the A chain of the laminin molecule (PA22-2 or IKVAV) that has been identified as a neuron growth-promoting sequence. Standard immunocytochemical procedures were used to localize the receptor by means of a polyclonal antibody to affinity-purified receptor (MR=110 kDa) from mouse brains. Results for postnatal stages (P) stages (P 1,7,8,25,30,and adult) show that the 110 kDa receptor is localized in fibers in the cortex and hippocampus, in astroglial cells at the surface of the cortex, and in neuronal cell bodies in the hippocampus. In contrast, the A-chain ligand is localized in cell bodies in the same regions at P stages. For embryonic stages (E) (E 14 and E 16) the receptor is localized in bundles of fibers in the superficial and deep cortical layers, and in cell bodies in these regions at E 14 only. Staining for the A chain ligand of the receptor was first seen postnatally. We speculate that the inverse histological pattern of receptor and ligand with respect to cell bodies and fibers may reflect a role in controlling axon guidance during development or repair during regeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318494
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The distribution of neurones immunoreactive for β-tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine and serotonin in the ventral nerve cord of the cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 583-604 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Dopamine ; Serotonin ; Tyrosine hydroxylase ; Immunocytochemistry ; Nervous system, insect-Gryllus bimaculatus (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The cellular localization of the biogenic amines dopamine and serotonin was investigated in the ventral nerve cord of the cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus, using antisera raised against dopamine, β-tyrosine hydroxylase and serotonin. Dopamine-(n〈-70) and serotonin-immunoreactive (n〈-120) neurones showed a segmental arrangement in the ventral nerve cord. Some neuromeres, however, did not contain dopamine-immunoreactive cell bodies. The small number of stained cells allowed complete identification of brain and thoracic cells, including intersegmentally projecting axons and terminal arborizations. Dopamine-like immunostaining was found primarily in plurisegmental interneurones with axons descending to the soma-ipsilateral hemispheres of the thoracic and abdominal ganglia. In contrast, serotonin-immunostaining occurred predominantly in interneurones projecting via soma-contralaterally ascending axons to the thorax and brain. In addition, serotonin-immunoreactivity was also present in efferent cells and afferent elements. Serotonin-immunoreactive, but no dopamine-immunoreactive, varicose fibres were observed on the surface of some peripheral nerves. Varicose endings of both dopamine-and serotonin-immunoreactive neurones occurred in each neuromere and showed overlapping neuropilar projections in dorsal and medial regions of the thoracic ganglia. Ventral associative neuropiles lacked dopamine-like immunostaining but were innervated by serotonin-immunoreactive elements. A colocalization of the two amines was not observed. The topographic representation of neurone types immunoreactive for serotonin and dopamine is discussed with respect to possible modulatory functions of these biogenic amines in the central nervous system of the cricket.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318362
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific immunocytochemical localization of cathepsin E at the ruffled border membrane of active osteoclasts (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 85-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cathepsin E ; Aspartic proteinase ; Osteoclasts ; Immunocytochemistry ; Rat (WKA)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The immunocytochemical localization of cathepsin E, a non-lysosomal aspartic proteinase, was investigated in rat osteoclasts using the monospecific antibody to this protein. At the light-microscopic level, the preferential immunoreactivity for cathepsin E was found at high levels in active osteoclasts in the physiological bone modeling process. Neighboring osteoblastic cells were devoid of its immunoreactivity. At the electron-microscopic level, cathepsin E was exclusively confined to the apical plasma membrane at the ruffled border of active osteoclasts and the eroded bone surface. Cathepsin E was also concentrated in some endocytotic vacuoles of various sizes in the vicinity of the ruffled border membrane, some of which appeared to be secondary lysosomes containing the phagocytosed materials. These results strongly suggest that this enzyme is involved both in the extracellular degradation of the bone organic matrix and in the intracellular breakdown of the ingested substances in osteoclasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307961
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of the 110 kDa receptor for laminin in brains of embryonic and postnatal mice (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 279 (1995), S. 371-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Laminin ; Nerve tracts ; Ontogenetic development ; Brain ; Immunocytochemistry ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Laminin, a large glycoprotein of the basement membrane that promotes the growth of nerve cell processes in vitro has also been detected in the brains of developing embryos in situ where it is postulated to promote or guide neural outgrowth. We have investigated the histological and developmental patterns of a receptor to a specific pentapeptide sequence in the A chain of the laminin molecule (PA22-2 or IKVAV) that has been identified as a neuron growth-promoting sequence. Standard immunocytochemical procedures were used to localize the receptor by means of a polyclonal antibody to affinity-purified receptor (MR=110 kDa) from mouse brains. Results for postnatal stages (P) stages (P 1,7,8,25,30,and adult) show that the 110 kDa receptor is localized in fibers in the cortex and hippocampus, in astroglial cells at the surface of the cortex, and in neuronal cell bodies in the hippocampus. In contrast, the A-chain ligand is localized in cell bodies in the same regions at P stages. For embryonic stages (E) (E 14 and E 16) the receptor is localized in bundles of fibers in the superficial and deep cortical layers, and in cell bodies in these regions at E 14 only. Staining for the A chain ligand of the receptor was first seen postnatally. We speculate that the inverse histological pattern of receptor and ligand with respect to cell bodies and fibers may reflect a role in controlling axon guidance during development or repair during regeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050293
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regeneration and post-metamorphic development of the central nervous system in the protochordate Ciona intestinalis: a study with monoclonal antibodies (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 279 (1995), S. 421-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Trans-differentiation ; Proliferation ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; Immunocytochemistry ; Regeneration ; Ciona intestinalis (Tunicata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In this study, we use three monoclonal antibodies that recognise antigens present in the central nervous system of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis to study regeneration and post-metamorphic development of the neural ganglion. We have also used bromodeoxyuridine labelling to study generation of the neuronal precursor cells. The first antibody, CiN 1, recognises all neurones in the ganglion, whereas the second, CiN 2, recognises only a subpopulation of the large cortical neurones. Western blotting studies show that CiN 2 recognises two membrane-bound glycoproteins of apparent Mr 129 and 100 kDa. CiN 1 is not reactive on Western blots. Immunocytochemical studies with these antibodies show that CiN 1-immunoreactive neurone-like cells are present at the site of regeneration as early as 5–7 days post-ablation, a sub-population of CiN 2-immunoreactive cells being detected by 9–12 days post-ablation. The third antibody, ECM 1, stains extracellular matrix components and recognises two diffuse bands on Western blots of whole-body and ganglion homogenates. The temporal and spatial pattern of appearance of CiN 1 and CiN 2 immunoreactivity both during post-metamorphic development and in regeneration occurs in the same sequence in both processes. Studies with bromodeoxyuridine show labelled nuclei in some neurones in the regenerating ganglion. Plausibly these originate from the dorsal strand, an epithelial tube that reforms by cell proliferation during the initial phases of regeneration. A second population of cells, the large cortical neurones, do not incorporate bromodeoxyuridine and thus must have been born prior to the onset of regeneration. This latter finding indicates a mechanism involving trans-differentiation of other cell types or differentiation of long-lived totipotent stem cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050299
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of choline acetyltransferase-expressing neurons in the larval visual system of Drosophila melanogaster (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 193-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Choline acetyltransferase ; Cholinergic neuron ; Visual system ; Bolwig’s organ ; Immunocytochemistry ; In situ hybridization ; Drosophila melanogaster (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) is the enzyme catalyzing the biosynthesis of acetylcholine and is considered to be a phenotypically specific marker for cholinergic neurons. We have examined the distribution of ChAT-expressing neurons in the larval nervous system of Drosophila melanogaster by three different but complementary techniques: in situ hybridization with a cRNA probe to ChAT messenger RNA, immunocytochemistry using a monoclonal anti-ChAT antibody, and X-gal staining of transformed animals carrying a reporter gene composed of 7.4  kb of 5′ flanking DNA from the ChAT gene fused to a lacZ reporter gene. All three techniques demonstrated ChAT-expressing neurons in the larval visual system. In embryos, the photoreceptor organ (Bolwig’s organ) exhibited strong cRNA hybridization signals. The optic lobe of late third-instar larvae displayed ChAT immunoreactivity in Bolwig’s nerve and a neuron close to the insertion site of the optic stalk. This neuron’s axon ran in parallel with Bolwig’s nerve to the larval optic neuropil. This neuron is likely to be a first-order interneuron of the larval visual system. Expression of the lacZ reporter gene was also detected in Bolwig’s organ and the neuron stained by anti-ChAT antibody. Our observations indicate that acetylcholine may be a neurotransmitter in the larval photoreceptor cells as well as in a first-order interneuron in the larval visual system of Drosophila melanogaster.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050472
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin and destination of globules and irregular masses in the gonadotropin cells from the pituitary of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus: a morphological study (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 113-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pituitary ; Gonadotrops ; Crinophagy ; Electron microscopy ; Enzyme cytochemistry ; Immunocytochemistry ; Autoradiography ; Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The possible function of globules and irregular membrane-bound masses in the gonadotropin cells of the pituitary of Clarias gariepinus was studied. Strong secretory stimulation led to the disappearance of the secretory granules from gonadotropin cells but globules and irregular masses remained present. Acid phosphatase was detected enzyme-cytochemically in both globules and irregular masses. Radiolabelling with tritiated amino acids followed by autoradiography demonstrated that globules received radioactive material after secretory granules. The latter received radioactive material within 75 min of administration of radioactive amino acids but globules and irregular masses did not. Although some globules became radioactively labelled within 24 h of the administration of radioactive amino acids, irregular masses remained unlabelled during this period. Secretory granules reacted positively with antisera against α and β gonadotropin subunits, whereas globules and irregular masses only reacted with the antiserum against the β subunit. A moderate anti-7B2 immunoreactivity was demonstrated in secretory granules and globules, whereas irregular masses labelled strongly. The combined cytological results indicate that globules and irregular masses are degradative, possibly crinophagic structures which develop by fusional events from secretory granules to globules and then to irregular masses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304516
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunolocalization of interleukin-1α in rat mandibular molars and its enhancement after in vivo injection of epidermal growth factor (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 21-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Interleukin ; Stellate reticulum ; Immunocytochemistry ; Epidermal growth factor ; Interleukin-1 receptor type I messenger RNA ; Tooth eruption ; Rat (Sprague Dawley)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Immunolocalization of interleukin-1α in the first mandibular molars of rats from day 0–12 postnatally showed that the protein was localized in the epithelial stellate reticulum adjacent to the dental follicle. Staining of the stellate reticulum was most prominent in the early days postnatally and was absent by postnatal day 11. Injection of epidermal growth factor into rats at day 0 greatly increased the intensity of the staining for interleukin-1α in the stellate reticulum. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) enhanced the gene expression of interleukin-1α in stellate reticulum cells in vitro, and this study suggests there is enhanced translation of interleukin-1α messenger RNA in the stellate reticulum following EGF injection. In turn, the interleukin-1α may exert its effect on the dental follicle cells adjacent to the stellate reticulum because EGF also enhanced expression of the interleukin-1 receptor type I messenger RNA in cultured dental follicle cells as well as enhancing its expression in vivo. In view of the fact that injection of EGF will stimulate precocious eruption of teeth, its stimulus of interleukin-1α synthesis in the stellate reticulum may be the mechanism by which EGF initiates a cascade of molecular events to signal the onset of tooth eruption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304507
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and localization of an Mr 225 kDa polypeptide specifically involved in the defence mechanisms of the clam Tapes semidecussatus (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 27-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Defence mechanisms ; Encapsulation ; Granulocytes ; Immunocytochemistry ; Parasitism ; Perkinsus sp. (Protozoa) ; Tapes semidecussatus (Mollusca
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Parasitosis by the trophozoite protozoan Perkinsus sp. (Apicomplexa, Perkinsea) induces in the gill filaments of the clam Tapes semidecussatus (Mollusca, Bivalvia) a cellular reaction, which is constituted by infiltrated granulocytes. This cellular reaction has characteristics of those of a holocrine gland, since the parasites are encapsulated by the secretion product of the granulocytes after cell death. An enriched fraction of prezoosporangia and their ass ociated capsule was obtained after culture of the parasitized gills in fluid thioglycollate medium. Specific polypeptides from this fraction were separated by SDS-PAGE and isolated for rabbit immunizations. The serum obtained against an Mr 225 kDa polypeptide, revealed its exclusive localization in the capsule and in the granules of the infiltrated granulocytes, thus indicating that this polypeptide is synthesized by these cells and secreted, in a polarized way, around the trophozoites resulting in t heir encapsulation. Selective deglycosylation of the polypeptide, by Endo H and alkaline β-elimination, did not show an effect on its molecular weight or antibody recognition. Furthermore, the absence of the 225 kDa band in the Western-blots of non-parasitized gills indicated the specific association of this polypeptide with the parasitosis. Finally, this is the first tissue-specific factor described in molluscs in relation to defence mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304508
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin and destination of globules and irregular masses in the gonadotropin cells from the pituitary of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus:a morphological study (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 113-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Pituitary ; Gonadotrops ; Crinophagy ; Electron microscopy ; Enzyme cytochemistry ; Immunocytochemistry ; Autoradiography ; Catfish ; Clarias gariepinus (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The possible function of globules and irregular membrane-bound masses in the gonadotropin cells of the pituitary of Clarias gariepinus was studied. Strong secretory stimulation led to the disappearance of the secretory granules from gonadotropin cells but globules and irregular masses remained present. Acid phosphatase was detected enzyme-cytochemically in both globules and irregular masses. Radiolabelling with tritiated amino acids followed by autoradiography demons trated that globules received radioactive material after secretory granules. The latter received radioactive material within 75 min of administration of radioactive amino acids but globules and irregular masses did not. Although some globules became radioactively labelled within 24 h of the administration of radioactive amino acids, irregular masses remained unlabelled during this period. Secretory granules reacted positively with antisera against α and β gonadotropin subunits, whereas globules and irregular masses only reacted with the antiserum against the β subunit. A moderate anti-7B2 immunoreactivity was demonstrated in secretory granules and globules, whereas irregular masses labelled strongly. The combined cytological results indicate that globules and irregular masses are degradative, possibly crinophagic structures which develop by fusional events from secretory granules to globules and then to irregular masses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304516
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of melanin-concentrating hormone-immunoreactive elements in the brain of gilthead seabream (Sparus auratus) (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 523-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Melanin-concentrating hormone ; Immunocytochemistry ; Development, ontogenetic ; Sparus auratus (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The development of the hypothalamic melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) system of the teleost Sparus auratus has been studied by immunocytochemistry using an anti-salmon MCH serum. Immunoreactive perikarya and fibers are found in embryos, larvae, and juvenile specimens. In juveniles, most labeled neurons are present in the nucleus lateralis tuberis; some are dispersed in the nucleus recessus lateralis and nucleus periventricularis posterior. From the nucleus lateralis tuberis, MCH neurons project a conspicuous tract of fibers to the ventral hypothalamus; this penetrates the pituitary stalk and reaches the neurohypophysis. Most fibers end close to the cells of the pars intermedia, and some reach the adenohypophysial rostral pars distalis. Immunoreactive fibers can also be seen in extrahypophysial localizations, such as the preoptic region and the nucleus sacci vasculosi. In embryos, MCH-immunoreactive neurons first appear at 36 h post-fertilization in the ventrolateral margin of the developing hypothalamus. In larvae, at 4 days post-hatching, perikarya can be observed in the ventrolateral border of the hypothalamus and in the mid-hypothalamus, near the ventricle. At 26 days post-hatching, MCH perikarya are restricted to the nucleus lateralis tuberis. The neurohypophysis possesses MCH-immunoreactive fibers from the second day post-hatching. The results indicate that MCH plays a role in larval development with respect to skin melanophores and cells that secrete melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318885
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    5′-Nucleotidase in PC12 cells as revealed by immunocytochemistry (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 123-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Differentiation ; 5′-Nucleotidase ; Immunocytochemistry ; PC12 cells ; Synaptophysin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 5′-Nucleotidase hydrolyzes 5′-mononucleotides to their nucleosides but is also thought to have a function in neuronal differentiation and synapse formation. The distribution of the enzyme, a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored sialoglycoprotein, was investigated in PC12 cells using immunofluorescence microscopy. 5′-Nucleotidase was located both in intracellular compartments and at the cell surface. There was no principal difference in the cellular distribution between undifferentiated cells and after neuritogenic differentiation by nerve growth factor. Intracellularly, 5′-nucleotidase often revealed a sickle-shaped perinuclear distribution and a dotted pattern throughout the cytoplasm, including that of neurites and growth cones. The intracellular distribution was clearly different from that of the synaptic vesicle protein synaptophysin. However, the dotted fluorescence resembled that obtained after uptake of the endosomal marker acridine orange. 5′-Nucleotidase was present on the entire cell surface including all neurites formed after differentiation. There was no increase in 5′-nucleotidase fluorescence at synapse-like contacts between the tips of neurites and other PC12 cells. Surfacelocated 5′-nucleotidase could no longer be detected after the application of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C to cultured cells. This treatment did not affect PC12 cell differentiation. Our results thus reveal 5′-nucleotidase both at the surface and within organelles and suggest that PC12 cells may be used as a model system for the study of the physiological function of 5′-nucleotidase in neural cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304517
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    5′-Nucleotidase in PC12 cells as revealed by immunocytochemistry (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 123-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Differentiation ; 5′-Nucleotidase ; Immunocytochemistry ; PC12 cells ; Synaptophysin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. 5′-Nucleotidase hydrolyzes 5′-mononucleotides to their nucleosides but is also thought to have a function in neuronal differentiation and synapse formation. The distribution of the enzyme, a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored sialoglycoprotein, was investigated in PC12 cells using immunofluorescence microscopy. 5′-Nucleotidase was located both in intracellular compartments and at the cell surface. There was no principal difference in the cellular distrib ution between undifferentiated cells and after neuritogenic differentiation by nerve growth factor. Intracellularly, 5′-nucleotidase often revealed a sickle-shaped perinuclear distribution and a dotted pattern throughout the cytoplasm, including that of neurites and growth cones. The intracellular distribution was clearly different from that of the synaptic vesicle protein synaptophysin. However, the dotted fluorescence resembled that obtained after uptake of the endosomal marker acridine orange. 5′-Nucleotidase was present on the entire cell surface including all neurites formed after differentiation. There was no increase in 5′-nucleotidase fluorescence at synapse-like contacts between the tips of neurites and other PC12 cells. Surface-located 5′-nucleotidase could no longer be detected after the application of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C to cultured cells. This treatment did not affect PC12 cell differentiation. Our results thus reveal 5′ -nucleotidase both at the surface and within organelles and suggest that PC12 cells may be used as a model system for the study of the physiological function of 5′-nucleotidase in neural cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304517
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secretory glycoproteins of the subcommissural organ of the dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula): evidence for the existence of precursor and processed forms (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 283 (1995), S. 75-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Subcommissural organ ; Secretory glycoproteins ; Antibodies ; Immunochemistry ; Immunocytochemistry ; Dogfish ; Scyliorhinus canicula (Elasmobranchii)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The subcommissural organ of the dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula (L), has been investigated by use of antibodies and lectins applied to blots and tissue sections processed for light and electron microscopy. Antibodies have been raised against each of the bands that have previously been identified in immunoblots by the use of antisera raised against secretory glycoproteins extracted from the dogfish subcommissural organ, viz., the 600-kDa band and two gel regions including the 475 to 400-kDa and the 145-kDa bands obtained from preparative gels; they are referred to as Ab-600, Ab-475/400, and Ab-145. These antisera and the lectins concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin have been used for the staining of: (1) blots of extracts of the dogfish subcommissural organ and optic tectum; (2) tissue sections of the dogfish brain. The findings indicate that the bands of 600, 475 and 400 kDa contain compounds that should be regarded as secretory glycoproteins of the dogfish subcommissural organ. The 600-kDa and 400-kDa bands are labeled by concanavalin A; wheat germ agglutinin labels the 475-kDa band strongly and the other two weakly. Ab-600 reacts with the bands at 600, 475 and 400 kDa and stains materials stored in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and secretory granules of 200–600 nm in diameter. The 600-kDa compound is probably a precursor form. Ab-475/400 stains the same three bands revealed by Ab-600; immunocytochemically, it reacts with two types of secretory granules (200–600 and 800–1200 nm in diameter) but it does not label the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Ab-145 reveals the bands at 600, 475 and 400 kDa and a diffuse zone in the region of 145 kDa; in light-microscopic immunocytochemistry, it behaves as Ab-475/400. The 475-kDa and 400-kDa glycoproteins, and a compound of approximately 145 kDa thus probably correspond to processed forms. Ab-475/400 stains granules present in cell processes ending on local blood vessels and at the leptomeninges. Since this antiserum selectively labels secretory granules, this finding may be taken as evidence for a basal route of secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050514
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of sauvagine-like epitopes in the interrenal gland of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 283 (1995), S. 117-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Sauvagine ; Corticotropin-releasing factor ; Immunocytochemistry ; Interrenal gland ; Rana catesbeiana (Anura)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Immunocytochemistry was used to investigate the presence of corticotropin-releasing factor-like peptides in the interrenal (adrenal) glands of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana by using specific antisera raised against synthetic nonconjugated rat/human corticotropin-releasing factor, urotensin I, and sauvagine. From these three antisera, covering a broad range of corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivities, only the sauvagine antiserum gave positive immunoreactivity. Sauvagine immunoreactivity was found in cortical cells grouped into cords in the renal zone of the interrenal gland. The central and subcapsular cords were less stained. Tyrosine hydroxylase-positive chromaffin cells were not sauvagine-immunoreactive. The immunoreactivity was abolished, in all cases, by previous immunoabsorption of the sauvagine antiserum with synthetic sauvagine (0.1 μM), but it was not eliminated by sucker (Catostomus commersoni) urotensin I, sole (Hippoglossoides elassodon) urotensin I, sucker corticotropin-releasing factor, rat/human corticotropin-releasing factor, or ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (0.1–10 μM). In a sauvagine radioimmunoassay, interrenal extracts displaced 125I-sauvagine from antiserum only partially, and not in parallel with the sauvagine standard curve. The results suggest that the sauvagine immunoreactivity in the R. catesbeiana interrenal gland may represent a novel sauvagine-like peptide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050519
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical and morphometric study on the changes of TSH, PRL, GH and ACTH cells during the development of Bufo arenarum (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 283 (1995), S. 125-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Pituitary hormones ; Immunocytochemistry ; Morphometry ; Metamorphosis ; Bufo arenarum (Anura)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The development and dynamics of thyrotropin (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), prolactin (PRL), and growth hormone (GH) cells have been studied using immunocytochemical techniques and rabbit antisera, raised against the relevant human hormone, in the pars distalis of Bufo arenarum larvae at different stages of development. The four types of cells studied were identified in different zones of the pars distalis: TSH cells occurred mainly in the centro-ventral zone, ACTH cells in the rostral and dorsal zones, GH cells in the central and caudal zones, and PRL cells in the anterior two-thirds of the gland. This distribution pattern does not show significant changes with development. Morphometry and stereology were used to evaluate the changes observed in the volume of the pars distalis and the immunoreactive cells during development. The former increased during larval growth and decreased throughout the metamorphic climax. The results obtained on cell number, volume density, and total volume suggest that, during larval growth (pre-prometamorphosis) of B. arenarum, TSH, PRL, GH and ACTH cells show a proliferative period with storage of their hormones; a second period involving hormone release occurs at the metamorphic climax.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050520
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural distribution of endogenous immunoglobulin-G in human term amniochorion (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 367-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Placenta ; Amniochorion ; Cytotrophoblast cells ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunocytochemistry ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Maternal immunoglobulin-G (IgG) is known to be transported across the placental syncytiotrophoblast during the period when the human fetus is incapable of manufacturing these defensive molecules. In this study we investigated the possible role of the amniochorion, that surrounds the amniotic cavity in which the fetus lies, in the transfer of immunoglobulin. Endogenous IgG was localised in the amniochorion by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and by ultrastructural labelling of ultrathin frozen tissue sections using the protein A-gold technique. Immunoreactivity was identified in the extracellular matrix tissues and necrotic amniotic epithelial cells. Healthy amniotic epithelial cells and cytotrophoblast cells of the chorion laeve were devoid o endogenous IgG. These results suggest a possible non-specific paracellular transport pathway between cytotrophoblast cells, which may conceivably contribute to the acquisition of passive immunity by the fetus, and offer a rational explanation for the presence of small quantities of maternal IgG in the amniotic fluid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583405
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unusual distribution of tubulin isoforms in the snail Lymnaea stagnalis (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 507-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Microtubules ; Isoforms ; Nervous system ; Locomotion ; Cilia ; Immunocytochemistry ; Western blotting ; Lymnaea stagnalis (Mollusca)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting techniques demonstrated that the nervous system and foot of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis are rich sources of tubulin, which can be extracted and assembled in vi- tro in the presence of taxol. Various broad-spectrum antibodies raised against α-tubulin and β-tubulin yielded qualitatively similar results. One monoclonal antibody to trypanosome α−tubulin, however, labelled α-tubulin more strongly on both probed sections and Western blots. Cytochemistry and immunoblotting revealed that tyrosinated tubulin constitutes a large proportion of total α-tubulin in locomotor cilia of the foot and in axons of the nervous system. Detyrosinated tubulin also appeared to be abundant in the foot cilia but only a very faint band of detyrosinated tubulin was found on protein blots extracted from the central ganglia, and staining was barely detectable in central ganglia or peripheral nerves. Similarly, acetylated tubulin appeared to be abundant in foot cilia, but Western blotting indicated only low levels of acetylated tubulin in the nervous system. Immunocytochemistry indicated that, while most neurons possessed little or no acetylated tubulin, a small number of axons contained significant amounts of this isoform. Thus, while a large amount of tubulin was expected in the nervous system and locomotor cilia of L. stagnalis, the observed distribution of isoforms was unanticipated. Specifically, neurons of other organisms have generally been reported to contain substantial amounts of both detyrosinated α-tubulin and acetylated α-tubulin. Our results indicate that such findings cannot be generalized across all species. L. stagnalis, with its well studied nervous system and unusual distribution of tubulin isoforms, may prove to be particularly useful for studying the roles of tubulin isoforms in microtubule function and cell activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050446
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GABA and glutamate-like immunoreactivity at synapses received by dorsal unpaired median neurones in the abdominal nerve cord of the locust (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 325-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Nervous system ; insect ; DUM neuron ; Synapses ; Immunocytochemistry ; GABA ; Glutamate ; Locusta migratoria (Insecta) ; Schistocerca gregaria (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurones in the abdominal ganglia of the locust were impaled with microelectrodes and some were injected intracellularly with horseradish peroxidase so that their synapses could be identified in the electron microscope. Simultaneous recordings from DUM neurones in different abdominal ganglia revealed that they received common postsynaptic potentials from descending interneurones. Post-embedding immunocytochemistry using antibodies against GABA and glutamate was carried out on ganglia containing HRP-stained neurones. GABA-like immunoreactivity was found in 39% (n=82) of processes presynaptic to abdominal DUM neurones and glutamate-like immunoreactivity in 21% (n=42) of presynaptic processes. Output synapses from the DUM neurites were rarely observed within the neuropile. Structures resembling presynaptic dense bars but not associated with synaptic vesicles, were seen in some large diameter neurites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307805
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leu-callatostatin gene expression in the blowflies Calliphora vomitoria and Lucilia cuprina studied by in situ hybridisation: comparison with Leu-callatostatin confocal laser scanning immunocytochemistry (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 355-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Leu-callatostatin ; Allatostatins ; Neuropeptides ; In situ hybridisation ; Immunocytochemistry ; Hindgut innervation ; Midgut endocrine cells ; Calliphora vomitoria ; Lucilia cuprina (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In situ hybridisation studies using a digoxigenin-labelled DNA probe encoding the Leu-callatostatin prohormone of the blowflies Calliphora vomitoria and Lucilia cuprina have revealed a variety of neurones in the brain and thoracico-abdominal ganglion, peripheral neurosecretory neurones, and endocrine cells of the midgut. With two exceptions, the hybridising cells are the same as those previously identified in immunocytochemical studies of sections and whole-mounts using Leu-callatostatin COOH-terminal-specific antisera. Within the brain and suboesophageal ganglion, there is a variety of neurones ranging from a single pair of large cells situated in the dorsal protocerebrum, to the several pairs of neurones in the tritocerebrum, some of which, in immunocytochemical preparations, can be seen to project via axons in the cervical connective to the thoracico-abdominal ganglion. In the medulla of the optic lobes, numerous small interneurones hybridise with the probe, as do clusters of similar-sized neurones close to the roots of the ocellar nerves. These results indicate that the Leu-callatostatin neuropeptides of the brain play a variety of roles in neurotransmission and neuromodulation. There are only three pairs of Leu-callatostatin-immunoreactive neurones in the thoracico-abdominal ganglion, at least two pairs of which project axons along the median abdominal nerve to provide extensive innervation of the hindgut. The Leu-callatostatin peripheral neurosecretory cells are located in close association with both nerve and muscle fibres in the thorax. In addition to neuronal Leu-callatostatin, the presence of the peptide and its mRNA has been demonstrated in endocrine cells in the posterior part of the midgut. These observations provide an example of a named brain/gut peptide in an insect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307808
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical localization of ribonuclease in yolk granules of adult Rana catesbeiana oocytes (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 259-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Oocyte ; Yolk granules ; Ribonuclease ; Immunocytochemistry ; Bullfrog ; Rana catesbeiana (Anura)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To determine the localization of the pyrimidine-guanine sequence-specific ribonuclease in Rana catesbeiana (bullfrog) oocytes, the RNase was first isolated and used to prepare a specific rabbit antiserum. Only one protein of similar molecular size to the RNase was immunoprecipitated from ovary homogenate by the antiserum, but two bands were observed by Western blotting analysis. These two proteins were shown by further purification of antibody and Western blotting analysis to have similar antigenicity. Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting of tissue homogenates showed that the RNase was found predominantly in the ovary, but not in other tissues. The specific localization of the RNase was determined by immuno-electron microscopy of oocyte sections incubated with the specific antiserum; the yolk granules, but not other organelles, were found to contain the RNase. Most of the RNase was evenly distributed in the lateral amorphous area of the yolk granule but not in the central yolk crystal area which contains stored vitellogenin proteins. Our results indicate that the RNase is compartmentalized in the yolk granules of oocytes, which might prevent damage to cellular RNAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307797
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sources of inputs to longitudinal muscle motor neurons and ascending interneurons in the guinea-pig small intestine (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 549-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Enteric nervous system ; Immunocytochemistry ; Calretinin ; Calbindin ; Bombesin ; Small intestine ; Guinea-pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Light- and electron-microscopic studies were used to investigate connections between specific subgroups of neurons in the myenteric plexus of the guinea-pig small intestine. Inputs to two classes of calretinin-immunoreactive (IR) nerve cells, longitudinal muscle motor neurons and ascending interneurons, were examined. Inputs from calbindin-IR primary sensory neurons and from three classes of descending interneurons were studied. Electron-microscopic analysis showed that calbindin-IR axons formed two types of inputs, synapses and close contacts, on calretinin-IR neurons. About 40% of inputs to the longitudinal muscle motor neurons and 70% to ascending interneurons were calbindin-IR. Approximately 50% of longitudinal muscle motor neurons were surrounded by bombesin-IR dense pericellular baskets and 40% by closely apposed varicosities. At the electron-microscope level, the bombesin-IR varicosities were found to form synapses and close contacts with the motor neurons. Dense pericellular baskets with bombesin-IR surrounded 36% of all ascending interneurons, and a further 17% had closely apposed varicosities. Somatostatin- and 5-HT-IR descending interneurons provided no dense pericellular baskets to calretinin-IR nerve cells. Thus, calretinin-IR, longitudinal muscle motor neurons and ascending interneurons receive direct synaptic inputs from intrinsic primary sensory neurons and from non-cholinergic, bombesin-IR, descending interneurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318359
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural investigation of nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive nerves associated with coronary blood vessels of rat and guinea-pig (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 575-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Nitric oxide synthase ; Coronary vasculature ; Electron microscopy ; Immunocytochemistry ; Rat (Sprague Dawley) ; Guinea-pig (Dunkin Hartley)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Ultrastructural investigation of nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive nerves closely associated with blood vessels in rat and guinea-pig hearts revealed many labelled nerve fibres in the walls of the main branches of the coronary arteries, and in arterioles, capillaries and post-capillary venules. The number of nitric oxide synthase-containing nerve fibres associated with different vessels, even those of the same calibre, varied. Terminal regions of nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive fibres were observed in the endocardium and myocardium. Nitric oxide synthase-labelled fibres displayed electron-dense immunoproduct in both varicose and intervaricose regions. Immunoreactive axonal varicosities contained both small and large synaptic vesicles. The characteristics of the nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive nerve fibres observed in the heart and the possibility that these fibres represent the processes of intracardiac neurones and/or sensory neurones of extrinsic origin are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318361
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The distribution of neurones immunoreactive for β-tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine and serotonin in the ventral nerve cord of the cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 583-604 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Dopamine ; Serotonin ; Tyrosine hydroxylase ; Immunocytochemistry ; Nervous system ; insect ; Gryllus bimaculatus (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The cellular localization of the biogenic amines dopamine and serotonin was investigated in the ventral nerve cord of the cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus, using antisera raised against dopamine, β-tyrosine hydroxylase and serotonin. Dopamine- (n≤70) and serotonin-immunoreactive (n≤120) neurones showed a segmental arrangement in the ventral nerve cord. Some neuromeres, however, did not contain dopamine-immunoreactive cell bodies. The small number of stained cells allowed complete identification of brain and thoracic cells, including intersegmentally projecting axons and terminal arborizations. Dopamine-like immunostaining was found primarily in plurisegmental interneurones with axons descending to the soma-ipsilateral hemispheres of the thoracic and abdominal ganglia. In contrast, serotonin-immunostaining occurred predominantly in interneurones projecting via soma-contralaterally ascending axons to the thorax and brain. In addition, serotonin-immunoreactivity was also present in efferent cells and afferent elements. Serotonin-immunoreactive, but no dopamine-immunoreactive, varicose fibres were observed on the surface of some peripheral nerves. Varicose endings of both dopamine- and serotonin-immunoreactive neurones occurred in each neuromere and showed overlapping neuropilar projections in dorsal and medial regions of the thoracic ganglia. Ventral associative neuropiles lacked dopamine-like immunostaining but were innervated by serotonin-immunoreactive elements. A colocalization of the two amines was not observed. The topographic representation of neurone types immunoreactive for serotonin and dopamine is discussed with respect to possible modulatory functions of these biogenic amines in the central nervous system of the cricket.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318362
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Putative neurohemal areas in the peripheral nervous system of an insect, Gryllus bimaculatus, revealed by immunocytochemistry (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 43-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Neurohemal areas ; Neuropeptides ; Monoamines ; Immunocytochemistry ; Nervous system ; insect ; Gryllus bimaculatus (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The morphology and position of putative neurohemal areas in the peripheral nervous system (ventral nerve cord and retrocerebral complex) of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus are described. By using antisera to the amines dopamine, histamine, octopamine, and serotonin, and the neuropeptides crustacean cardioactive peptide, FMRFamide, leucokinin 1, and proctolin, an extensive system of varicose fibers has been detected throughout the nerves of all neuromeres, except for nerve 2 of the prothoracic ganglion. Immunoreactive varicose fibers occur mainly in a superficial position at the neurilemma, indicating neurosecretory storage and release of neuroactive compounds. The varicose fibers are projections from central or peripheral neurons that may extend over more than one segment. The peripheral fiber varicosities show segment-specific arrangements for each of the substances investigated. Immunoreactivity to histamine and octopamine is mainly found in the nerves of abdominal segments, whereas serotonin im-munoreactivity is concentrated in subesophageal and terminal ganglion nerves. Immunoreactivity to FMRFamide and crustacean cardioactive peptide is widespread throughout all segments. Structures immunoreactive to leucokinin 1 are present in abdominal nerves, and proctolin immunostaining is found in the terminal ganglion and thoracic nerves. Codistribution of peripheral varicose fiber plexuses is regularly seen for amines and peptides, whereas the colocalization of substances in neurons has not been detected for any of the neuroactive compounds investigated. The varicose fiber system is regarded as complementary to the classical neurohemal organs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307957
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunolocalization of the Na,K-ATPase in photoreceptor cells of the moth Manduca sexta– evidence for Na,K-ATPase on both the nonmicrovillar and the microvillar domains of the plasma membrane (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 119-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Compound eye ; Photoreceptor cells ; Ion pumps ; Polarity ; Immunocytochemistry ; Manduca sexta (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Immunohistochemical and physiological studies on various insect photoreceptors have demonstrated that the Na,K-ATPase (sodium pump) is restricted to the nonreceptive nonmicrovillar area of the plasma membrane. Here, we examined the distribution of the Na,K-ATPase in photoreceptor cells of the superposition-type compound eye in the moth Manduca sexta. Using immunofluorescent and immunogold cytochemistry, we show that the Na,K-ATPase is localized to both the nonmicrovillar and the microvillar parts of the plasma membrane. Manduca photoreceptors thus deviate from the common concept that the sodium pump and the molecular components of the photoreceptive machinery reside on different domains of the plasma membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307965
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical colocalization of adhesive proteins with clathrin in human blood platelets: further evidence for coated vesicle-mediated transport of von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen and fibronectin (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 279 (1995), S. 453-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Blood platelets ; Immunocytochemistry ; Electron microscopy ; Coated vesicles ; Clathrin ; Adhesive proteins ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Coated membranes and vesicles play an important role in receptor-mediated endocytosis and intracellular trafficking in various cell types, and are also present in blood platelets. Platelets take up certain proteins from the blood plasma, such as von Willebrand factor and fibrinogen, and these substances are transferred to storage granules. The receptors for these plasma proteins on the platelet plasma membrane have been well characterized, but morphological evidence for their transport to the storage granules is not yet available. In an attempt to clarify this aspect, we employed postembedding immunocytochemistry on platelets embedded in the acrylic resin LR White. Clathrin as the major coat component of coated vesicles was localized in the cytoplasm, on the plasmic faces of α-granules and the open canalicular system, and on the plasmic face of the plasma membrane. Colocalizations of the adhesive proteins, von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen and fibronectin, with clathrin could be observed at the same typical locations as coated vesicles were seen in Araldite-embedded material. These colocalizations have not been reported to date and furnish further evidence for a coated vesicle-mediated transport of blood plasma-derived adhesive proteins from their receptors on the outer plasma membrane to the α-granules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050304
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical colocalization of adhesive proteins with clathrin in human blood platelets: further evidence for coated vesicle-mediated transport of von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen and fibronectin (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 279 (1995), S. 453-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Blood platelets ; Immunocytochemistry ; Electron microscopy ; Coated vesicles ; Clathrin ; Adhesive proteins ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Coated membranes and vesicles play an important role in receptor-mediated endocytosis and intracellular trafficking in various cell types, and are also present in blood platelets. Platelets take up certain proteins from the blood plasma, such as von Willebrand factor and fibrinogen, and these substances are transferred to storage granules. The receptors for these plasma proteins on the platelet plasma membrane have been well characterized, but morphological evidence for their transport to the storage granules is not yet available. In an attempt to clarify this aspect, we employed postembedding immunocytochemistry on platelets embedded in the acrylic resin LR White. Clathrin as the major coat component of coated vesicles was localized in the cytoplasm, on the plasmic faces of α-granules and the open canalicular system, and on the plasmic face of the plasma membrane. Colocalizations of the adhesive proteins, von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen and fibronectin, with clathrin could be observed at the same typical locations as coated vesicles were seen in Araldite-embedded material. These colocalizations have not been reported to date and furnish further evidence for a coated vesicle-mediated transport of blood plasma-derived adhesive proteins from their receptors on the outer plasma membrane to the α-granules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318157
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of choline acetyltransferase-expresing neurons in the larval vissual system of Drosophila melanogaster (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 193-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Choline acetyltransferase ; Cholinergic neuron ; Visual system ; Bolwig's organ ; Immunocytochemistry ; In situ hybridization ; Drosophila melanogaster (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Choline acetyltransferease (ChAT) is the enzyme catalyzing the biosynthesis of acetylcholine and is considered to be a phenotypically specific marker for cholinergic neurons. We have examined the distribution of ChAT-expressing neurons in the larval nervous system of Drosophila melanogaster by three different but complementary techniques: in situ hybridization with a cRNA probe to ChAT messenger RNA, immunocytochemistry using a monoclonal anti-ChAT antibody, and X-gal staining of transformed animals carrying a reporter gene composed of 7.4 kb of 5′ flanking DNA from the ChAT gene fused to a lacZ reporter gene. All three techniques demonstrated ChAT-expressing neurons in the larval visual system. In embryos, the photoreceptor organ (Bolwig's organ) exhibited strong cRNA hybridization signals. The optic lobe of late third-instar larvae displayed ChAT immunoreactivity in Bolwig's nerve and a neuron close to the insertion site of the optic stalk. This neuron's axon ran in parallel with Bolwig's nerve to the larval optic neuropil. This neuron is likely to be a first-order interneuron of the larval visual system. Expression of the lacZ reporter gene was also detected in Bolwig's organ and the neuron stained by anti-ChAT antibody. Our observations indicate that acetylcholine may be a neurotransmitter in the larval photoreceptor cells as well as in a first-order interneuron in the larval visual system of Drosophila melanogaster.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319111
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical localization of a vacuolar-type ATPase in Malpighian tubules of the ant Formica polyctena (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 343-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Vacuolar ATPase ; Proton pump ; Electrogenic potassium transport ; Marpighian tubules ; Immunocytochemistry ; Formica polyctena (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The presence of a vacuolar-type ATPase in Malpighian tubules of the ant Formica polyctena was investigated immunocytochemically, using antibodies to vacuolar ATPases of Manduca sexta midgut and bovine kidney. Specific labelling was observed at the brush border of the epithelium extending along the entire length of the tubules. These findings agree with the current view that a vacuolar ATPase is situated at the apical membrane of Malpighian tubule cells and other insect epithelial cells, being the energizing element of an electrogenic potassium pump. When antibodies were tested on tubules in different secretion conditions prior to fixation, no differences were observed in the distribution of the vacuolar ATPase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319124
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical localization of a vacuolar-type ATPase in Malpighian tubules of the ant Formica polyctena (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 343-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Vacuolar ATPase ; Proton pump ; Electrogenic potassium transport ; Malpighian tubules ; Immunocytochemistry ; Formica polyctena (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The presence of a vacuolar-type ATPase in Malpighian tubules of the ant Formica polyctena was investigated immunocytochemically, using antibodies to vacuolar ATPases of Manduca sexta midgut and bovine kidney. Specific labelling was observed at the brush border of the epithelium, extending along the entire length of the tubules. These findings agree with the current view that a vacuolar ATPase is situated at the apical membrane of Malpighian tubule cells and other insect epithelial cells, being the energizing element of an electrogenic potassium pump. When antibodies were tested on tubules in different secretion conditions prior to fixation, no differences were observed in the distribution of the vacuolar ATPase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050485
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GABA and glutamate-like immunoreactivity at synapses received by dorsal unpaired median neurones in the abdominal nerve cord of the locust (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 325-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Nervous system, insect ; DUM neuron ; Synapses ; Immunocytochemistry ; GABA ; Glutamate ; Locusta migratoria (Insecta) ; Schistocerca gregaria (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurones in the abdominal ganglia of the locust were impaled with microelectrodes and some were injected intracellularly with horseradish peroxidase so that their synapses could be identified in the electron microscope. Simultaneous recordings from DUM neurones in different abdominal ganglia revealed that they received common postsynaptic potentials from descending interneurones. Post-embedding immunocytochemistry using antibodies against GABA and glutamate was carried out on ganglia containing HRP-stained neurones. GABA-like immunoreactivity was found in 39% (n=82) of processes presynaptic to abdominal DUM neurones and glutamate-like immunoreactivity in 21% (n=42) of presynaptic processes. Output synapses from the DUM neurites were rarely observed within the neuropile. Structures resembling presynaptic dense bars but not associated with synaptic vesicles, were seen in some large diameter neurites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307805
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of catch-relaxing peptide (CARP)-like immunoreactive neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system of Helix pomatia (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 335-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Catch-relaxing peptide (CARP) ; Nervous system, central ; Nervous system, peripheral ; Helix pomatia (Mollusca)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunocytochemistry was performed on the nervous system of Helix by the use of an antibody raised against a myotropic neuropeptide, the catch-relaxing peptide (CARP), isolated from Mytilus edulis. In each ganglion of the central nervous system of Helix pomatia, numerous CARP-immunoreactive cell bodies and a dense immunoreactive fiber system could be observed with a dominancy in the cerebral and pedal ganglia. The majority of the immunoreactive neurons are unipolar, although multipolar neurons also occur. In the neuropil areas, CARP-immunoreactive fibers show extensive arborization, which may indicate a central role of CARP. CARP-immunoreactive elements could be observed in each investigated peripheral nerve and peripheral areas, namely in the intestine, heart, aorta, buccal mass, lips, and foot. However, CARP-immunoreactive cell bodies could only be demonstrated in the intestine and the foot musculature. Thin varicose CARP-immunoreactive fibers were observed over both muscle and gland cells in the different peripheral organs, suggesting a peripheral role of CARP. In vivo CARP injection into the body cavity (10-3, 10-4, 10-5 M) altered the general behavioral state of the animals and induced the relaxation of the musculature of the whole body wall indicating that CARP has a significant role in the regulation of muscle contraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307806
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leu-callatostatin gene expression in the blowflies Calliphora vomitoria and Lucilia cuprina studied by in situ hybridisation: comparison with Leu-callatostatin confocal laser scanning immunocytochemistry (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 355-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Leu-callatostatin ; Allatostatins ; Neuropeptides ; In situ hybridisation ; Immunocytochemistry ; Hindgut innervation ; Midgut endocrine cells ; Calliphora vomitoria, Lucilia cuprina (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In situ hybridisation studies using a digoxigenin-labelled DNA probe encoding the Leu-callatostatin prohormone of the blowflies Calliphora vomitoria and Lucilia cuprina have revealed a variety of neurones in the brain and thoracico-abdominal ganglion, peripheral neurosecretory neurones, and endocrine cells of the midgut. With two exceptions, the hybridising cells are the same as those previously identified in immunocytochemical studies of sections and whole-mounts using Leu-callatostatin COOH-terminal-specific antisera. Within the brain and suboesophageal ganglion, there is a variety of neurones ranging from a single pair of large cells situated in the dorsal protocerebrum, to the several pairs of neurones in the tritocerebrum, some of which, in immunocytochemical preparations, can be seen to project via axons in the cervical connective to the thoracico-abdominal ganglion. In the medulla of the optic lobes, numerous small interneurones hybridise with the probe, as do clusters of similar-sized neurones close to the roots of the ocellar nerves. These results indicate that the Leu-callatostatin neuropeptides of the brain play a variety of roles in neurotransmission and neuromodulation. There are only three pairs of Leu-callatostatin-immunoreactive neurones in the thoracico-abdominal ganglion, at least two pairs of which project axons along the median abdominal nerve to provide extensive innervation of the hindgut. The Leu-callatostatin peripheral neurosecretory cells are located in close association with both nerve and muscle fibres in the thorax. In addition to neuronal Leu-callatostatin, the presence of the peptide and its mRNA has been demonstrated in endocrine cells in the posterior part of the midgut. These observations provide an example of a named brain/gut peptide in an insect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307808
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactivity in the brain of the teleost Sparus aurata (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 569-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Corticotropin-releasing factor ; Immunocytochemistry ; Gilthead sea bream ; Sparus aurata (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of perikarya and fibers containing corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) was studied in the brain of the teleost Sparus aurata by immunocytochemistry using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. Antisera against rat CRF, arginine vasotocin, and human adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) were used. Most CRF-immunoreactive neurons were located in the nucleus lateralis tuberis, but they were absent from the nucleus preopticus, which only contained arginine vasotocin neurons. Few CRF perikarya were identified in the nucleus preopticus periventricularis and in the mesencephalic tegmentum. A conspicuous bundle of immunoreactive fibers ran along the diencephalic floor and pituitary stalk to end near the cells of the hypophysial pars intermedia. No CRF was seen near the adenohypophysial rostral pars distalis. Our results suggest that, in Sparus aurata, CRF is a releasing factor for melanotropic cells. Its role as a releasing factor for ACTH is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417875
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical, electrophoresis, and immunoblot analysis of Heliothis virescens gap junctions isolated in the presence and absence of protease inhibitors (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 179-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Gap junction ; Intercellular junction ; Insect ; Arthropod ; Immunocytochemistry ; Hellothis virescens (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gap junction-enriched fractions were prepared from larvae of the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens using the NaOH procedure in the presence or absence of protease inhibitors and were analyzed by SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting and EM immunocytochemistry. Protease inhibitor fractions contained a 48-kDa protein in addition to the ∼10 proteins in fractions with and without inhibitors. Three polyclonal antibodies were used as probes for gap junction plaques and proteins: R16, against an ∼40-kDa candidate gap junction protein from Drosophila melanogaster; R17, against the 40-kDa candidate gap junction protein from H. virescens; and R18AP, an affinity purified antibody against a consensus sequence of N-terminal amino acids 2–21 of the H. virescens 40-kDa protein. R16, R17, and R18AP stain the 40- and 48-kDa proteins, R16 and R18AP stain a 64-kDa protein, and R16 stains an ∼30-kDa protein in the absence of inhibitors. Inclusion of protease inhibitors had no effect on gap junction ultrastructure. R16 and R17 label gap junction plaques in crude membrane and NaOH fractions, whereas R18AP exhibits only a low level of reactivity with gap junctions in crude membrane fractions and none with gap junctions in NaOH fractions. The results show that the 30-, 40-, 48- and 64-kDa proteins are immunologically related and are associated with gap junctions in H. virescens, the N-terminus of the 40-kDa protein is relatively inaccessible or easily lost, and the 48-kDa protein is protease-sensitive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307972
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific immunocytochemical localization of cathepsin E at the ruffled border membrane of active osteoclasts (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 85-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Cathepsin E ; Aspartic proteinase ; Osteoclasts ; Immunocytochemistry ; Rat (WKA)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The immunocytochemical localization of cathepsin E, a non-lysosomal aspartic proteinase, was investigated in rat osteoclasts using the monospecific antibody to this protein. At the light-microscopic level, the preferential immunoreactivity for cathepsin E was found at high levels in active osteoclasts in the physiological bone modeling process. Neighboring osteoblastic cells were devoid of its immunoreactivity. At the electron-microscopic level, cathepsin E was exclusively confined to the apical plasma membrane at the ruffled border of active osteoclasts and the eroded bone surface. Cathepsin E was also concentrated in some endocytotic vacuoles of various sizes in the vicinity of the ruffled border membrane, some of which appeared to be secondary lysosomes containing the phagocytosed materials. These results strongly suggest that this enzyme is involved both in the extracellular degradation of the bone organic matrix and in the intracellular breakdown of the ingested substances in osteoclasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307961
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of integrin subunits α6 and β1 during somitogenesis in the long-tailed macaque (M. fascicularis) (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 101-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Somite ; Integrin ; Extracellular matrix ; structures ; Embryo ; Laminin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Macaca fascicularis (Primates)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The distribution of integrin subunits α6 and β1, and the α6β1 integrin ligand, laminin, was examined during somitogenesis in developmental stages 11, 13, and 16 in the long-tailed macaque, using peroxidase immunocytochemistry. Within differentiating somites in stage 11, α6 expression was observed in the sclerotome, basal surface of dermamyotomal cells adjacent to the basal lamina and on scattered cells throughout the dermamyotome. In further advanced somites in stages 13 and 16, α6 immunoreactivity became restricted to the myotome. α6 was expressed on mesenchymal core cells within the myocele of undifferentiated epithelioid somites and the ventromedial wall of somites commencing differentiation at each stage. β1 distribution resembled that of α6 in stage 11 somitic tissue, however, it remained present on myotome and sclerotome cells in the later stages, and was also expressed on dermatomal cells in stage 16. Laminin immunoreactivity, while more intense and prevalent than α6 and β1 in each stage examined, occurred on the same somite cell populations as the 2 integrin subunits. These results show a defined distribution of α6 on somitic tissue, and suggest this integrin is involved in somite differentiation. They also support a possible role for α6 in myoblast formation and migration. Overlapping of β1 and laminin immunoreactivity with that of α6 further suggests that α6 pairs with β1 as a functional heterodimer for laminin in defined somitic regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307963
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural distribution of endogenous immunoglobulin-G in human term amniochorion (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 367-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Placenta ; Amniochorion ; Cytotrophoblast cells ; Immunoglobulin-G ; Immunocytochemistry ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Maternal immunoglobulin-G (IgG) is known to be transported across the placental syncytiotrophoblast during the period when the human fetus is incapable of manufacturing these defensive molecules. In this study we investigated the possible role of the amniochorion, that surrounds the amniotic cavity in which the fetus lies, in the transfer of immunoglobulin. Endogenous IgG was localised in the amniochorion by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and by ultrastructural labelling of ultrathin frozen tissue sections using the protein A-gold technique. Immunoreactivity was identified in the extracellular matrix tissues and necrotic amniotic epithelial cells. Healthy amniotic epithelial cells and cytotrophoblast cells of the chorion laeve were devoid of endogenous IgG. These results suggest a possible non-specific paracellular transport pathway between cytotrophoblast cells, which may conceivably contribute to the acquisition of passive immunity by the fetus, and offer a rational explanation for the presence of small quantities of maternal IgG in the amniotic fluid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583405
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactivity in the brain of the teleost Sparus aurata (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 569-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Corticotropin-releasing factor ; Immunocytochemistry ; Gilthead sea bream ; Sparus aurata (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The distribution of perikarya and fibers containing corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) was studied in the brain of the teleost Sparus aurata by immunocytochemistry using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. Antisera against rat CRF, arginine vasotocin, and human adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) were used. Most CRF-immunoreactive neurons were located in the nucleus lateralis tuberis, but they were absent from the nucleus preopticus, which only contained arginine vasotocin neurons. Few CRF perikarya were identified in the nucleus preopticus periventricularis and in the mesencephalic tegmentum. A conspicuous bundle of immunoreactive fibers ran along the diencephalic floor and pituitary stalk to end near the cells of the hypophysial pars intermedia. No CRF was seen near the adenohypophysial rostral pars distalis. Our results suggest that, in Sparus aurata, CRF is a releasing factor for melanotropic cells. Its role as a releasing factor for ACTH is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050453
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon dioxide laser induction of heat shock protein 70 synthesis: Comparison with high temperature treatment (1995)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 10 (1995), S. 207-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) ; Carbon dioxide laser ; Sodium arsenite ; Human diploid fibroblast ; Electrophoresis ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract In a previous study, it was demonstrated that heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) was induced by short duration (〈1 s) carbon dioxide (CO2) laser radiation (10.6Μm. To further characterize the stress response after laser irradiation, the time course of synthesis and cellular localization of hsp70 has been followed. As it had been shown that laser irradiation elevated the temperature to about 67±2
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02133333
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology and evolutionary implications of the annual cycle of secretion and sperm storage in spermathecae of the salamander Ambystoma opacum (Amphibia: Ambystomatidae) (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995), S. 35-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Females of the marbled salamander, Ambystoma opacum, store sperm in exocrine glands called spermathecae in the roof of the cloaca. Eggs are fertilized by sperm released from the spermathecae during oviposition. Some sperm remain in the spermathecae following oviposition, but these sperm degenerate within a month and none persists more than 6 mo after oviposition. Thus, sperm storage between successive breeding seasons does not occur. Apical secretory vaculoes are abundant during the fall mating season and contain a substance that is alcian blue+ at pH 2.5. Production of secretory vacuoles decreases markedly after oviposition, and the glands are inactive by the summer months. Ambystoma opacum is a terrestrial breeder, and some mating occurs prior to arrival at pond basins where oviposition occurs. Mating prior to arrival at the ovipository site may prolong the breeding season, leading to fitness implications for both males and females. Females have opportunities for more matings, and the possibilities for sperm competition in the spermathecae are enhanced. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230106
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Annual changes in fine structure of inner epithelial lining of the ovary of a marine sculpin, Alcichthys alcicornis (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes), with internal gametic association (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995), S. 85-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Alcichthys alciocornis has a viscous ovarian fluid in the ovarian cavity, which plays an important role in its unique mode of reproduction called internal gametic association (i.e., internal insemination and sperm-egg association but a delay in the physiological fertilization until spawning). Seasonal changes in fine structure of the inner epithelial lining and capillary endothelium of the ovary revealed that ovarian fluid originated as a result of the secretory activity of the tissues. The ovarian cavity of A. alcicornis is lined with an ovigerous lamella epithelium and an ovarian wall epithelium. During the spawning period, both epithelia actively secreted proteinaceous substances which seemed to constitute the ovarian fluid. The substances appear to be synthesized in the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum from the material which was transported from the blood capillary, taken into the epithelial cells by endocytosis, accumulated in secretory vesicles via Golgi apparatus in the cells, and finally released into the ovarian cavity by exocytosis. Microapocrine secretion was also observed to occur in both epithelia. Secretory activity of both epithelia by exocytosis and microapocrine secretion showed distinct seasonal changes. Active exocytosis and microapocrine secretion were observed during the spawning period (April-May). These activities slightly declined during the degeneration period (May-June) and were lost during the early recovery period (July). During the mid to late recovery period (October-March), there was some exocytosis but no microapocrine secretion. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230108
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface morphology of hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) decidual cells in vitro (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cell surface morphology of hamster decidual cells isolated from day 8 implantation swellings was studied, using both phase-contrast and scanning electron microscopy. Two kinds of cells, fibroblastic and epithelioid, were identified in cultures examined by phase-contrast microscopy. Fibroblastic cells were spindle-shaped, having pointed or blunt terminals on one end and bifid or webbed projections at the other end. Epithelioid cells, on the other hand, were flat and discoid, having a distinctively ruffled plasma membrane. Further, the plasma membrane of epithelioid cells formed rope-like or flange-like processes. The significance of such adaptations is discussed. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230205
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skeletal morphogenesis in the urodele skull: II. Effect of developmental stage in thyroid hormone-induced remodeling (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995), S. 149-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This study investigates the effect of developmental stage on thyroid hormone (TH)-mediated remodeling in the skeletal tissues of hemidactyliine plethodontid urodeles. Rate of morphogenesis was quantified in 17 metamorphic tissues for three different size-age classes of Eurycea bislineata larvae immersed in a metamorphic dosage of T4. Extent of morphogenesis after a 3-week immersion was also quantified in these tissues plus four larval ones for the full size range of E. bislineata larvae and for less complete size ranges of E. wilderae, E. longicauda guttolineata, Gyrinophilus porphyriticus, and Pseudotriton ruber larvae. Although all tissues respond more slowly with decreasing size/age, two tissue-specific effects are evident in all species. Larval ossifications are less inducible than metamorphic ossifications, and progressive metamorphic events are more retarded and, in some cases, more prone to abnormal morphogenesis than regressive ones. The first effect agrees with the prediction that tissues that naturally remodel at metamorphosis are more responsive to a metamorphic dosage of TH than those that respond at a larval stage and lower TH. The second effect agrees with the prediction that progressive morphogenesis is more likely to be impaired at small size than regressive morphogenesis, although the frequent discrepancies between individuals of similar size implicate developmental age more than size in this effect. Collectively, these two effects provide only equivocal support for the hypothesis that direct development in plethodontids evolved via precocious TH activity. However, the unexpected transition from ceratobranchial replacement to ceratobranchial shortening in medium-sized larvae suggests that the former pathway requires a longer period of cell specification at low TH. Since ancestral plethodontids appear to have been distinguished by an exceptionally long larval period with exceptionally low TH activity, this developmental prerequisite may in turn be partly responsible for their singular evolution of ceratobranchial replacement. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230204
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atomic force microscopy of the morphology of the matrix and mineral components of the otolith of Hyperoglyphe antarctica (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995), S. 203-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The sagittal otolith of Hyperoglyphe antarctica (Centrolophidae: Teleostei) has a prismatic structure in which the anti-sulcal growth axes of each prism consist of a series of nested cones each composed of a mineral layer followed by an organic matrix layer. Broken sections show the mineral layers to be composed of stacks of crystals. Otolith matrix that has been decalcified and air-dried, or critical-pont-dried, retains a periodic structure of repeating high and low matrix density. At high magnifications, both broken whole crystal surfaces and decalcified matrix surfaces have a granular structure. Chloroxbleached whole otoliths also show a granular crystalline structure. At higher magnifications, the air-dried matrix showed a parallel fiber structure with similar dimensions to keratin fibers. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230208
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular ultrastructure and catecholamine histofluorescence of the heart of the Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995), S. 191-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Ultrastructural descriptions of the dipnoan heart are lacking. Many ultrastructural features of the heart of the Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri, resemble those of other lower vertebrates. The epicardial cells appear to be adapated for the exchange of material with the pericardial fluid. The most prominent features of the endocardial cells are numerous moderately electron-dense vesicles found within the cytoplasm. These organelles might have an endocrine function. The myocardiocytes are typically small. The banding pattern of the sarcomere is shared with most fish. The intercalated disc has a convoluted path and consists of desmosomes and fascia adherens. Caveolae are a prominent feature of the sarcoplasm. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is sparse, and T-tubules are lacking. Atrial myocardial dense bodies occur in vast numbers throughout the atrium and are occasionally seen in the ventricle. These vesicles are chromaffin-positive but fail to show catecholamine fluorescence. They are likely to contain peptides related to ANP. Subendothelial cells exhibiting catecholamine-specific fluorescence are scattered throughout the atrium. Ultrastructurally these cells contain many chromaffin-positive granules. Chromaffin cells represent another cell type with a probable endocrine function within the heart of N. forsteri. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230207
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230301
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of complex lymphoepithelial organs of the anal canal (“anal tonsil”) in the bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995), S. 263-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A complex of lymphoepithelial organs, the “anal tonsils,” is a consistent structure in the anal canal of the bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus. This complex occurs as a circumferential cluster of discrete tonsil like aggregations of lymphoid tissues, together with epithelial ducts (“crypts”) and occasional mucus secretory units in the extreme lower portion of the intestinal tract. These structures are concentrated in the segment lined by stratified squamous epithelium and extend for a variable distance cephalad from the anal aperture. The tonsils appear to be most active, judged by the amount of lymphoid tissue present, in young animals. Depletion of lymphocytes and cystic enlargement of the crypts, probably representing functional as well as morphological involution, is a consistent feature of older animals. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230304
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prenatal development of the integument in Delphinidae (Cetacea: Odontoceti) (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995), S. 269-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The prenatal development of epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis was studied in embryos of different ago of two delphinid species (Stenella attenuata, Delphinus delphis), using light and transmission electron microscopical methods. The delphinid embryo is covered by a multilayered tissue formed by four different epidermal generations (periderm, stratum intermedium-I, str. intermedium-II, str. spinosum) produced by the str. basale. The first layer appears at about 40-50 mm of body length, the second type (s.i.-I) about 60-160 mm, and the third type (s.i.-II) is present at 160-500 mm. The first spinosal cells are produced at 225-260 mm body length; thenceforth, the epidermis increases continuously in thickness. Epidermal ridge formation begins about 400-mm body length. The development of the dermis is characterized by the early production of thin connective tissue fibers (40- 70-mm body length) and simultaneously the cutaneuous muscle matures in structure. Vascular development intensifies between embryos of 150-225 mm, and collagen production increases markedly in fetuses of 225-260-mm length. These events are paralledled by an increase in dermal thickness. The first elastic fibers can be recognized in the skin from the abdomen at about 600-mm body length. The development of the hypodermis is marked by very rapid and constantly progressing growth, beginning about 60-mm body length. The first typical fat cells appear in animals of 360-400 mm. Regional differences are obvious for all skin layers with regard to the flippers, where structural maturation proceeds more rapidly than in dorsal or abdominal regions. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230305
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design of the predatory legs of water bugs (Hemiptera: Nepidae, Naucoridae, Notonectidae, Gerridae) (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995), S. 289-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Functional comparative morphology of predatory legs in five species of water bugs (Ilyocoris cimicoides, Nepa cinerea, Ranatra linearis, Notonecta glauca, and Gerris lacustris) has been investigatd adn the following peculiarities of leg design were revealed.1Subcoxal articulation may be monoaxial (G. lacustris, N. glauca), or, in contrast to walking leg type, biaxial (N. cinerea, R. linearis, I. cimicoides); the first axis is oriented along the coxa (torsion axis), the second one is perpendicular to the first (non-torsion axis).2In contrast to walking leg type, which is characterized by cross suspension of the axis of coxal rotation in thoracal skeleton, this axis in G. lacustris is placed vertically. Non-torsion coxal axis in R. linearis is oriented strongly transversal. This axis directs the leg strike forward.3Legs in the majority of species are planar: Torsion axes of the coxa, femur, and tibia are placed in the same plane. Axes of rotation of consequent joints in I. cimicoides are reciprocally sloped. Therefore, the end of the leg outlines the spiral trajectory, when all angles of joints are opening (closing). This is an adaptation for clinging to the stems of water plants.4Passive adduction of the femur in the trochanter-femoral joint in N. glauca allows it to go around protuberances of the body wall, when the leg is sliding along them; recurrent femur movement during releasing from the obstacele is active due to the rt.fe muscle.5Only R. linearis has predatory legs, which permit the high-speed pursuit of potential prey; other species realize this function using the swimming legs, whereas the forelegs are used for the manipulation movements.6Muscle arrangement in the prothorax of different species reflects both leg construction and constructional constraints of body design. Powerful flexor muscles (co1, co2, co3, co5, fl.ti, et.ti in R. linearis; fl.ta, fl.ti in N. glauca; fl.ti in I. cimicoides) have long tendons and short muscle bundles, which originate on the leg wall. As a result, the powerful force is developed along the muscle tendon.7Some features of the predatory leg are common for the species studies: elongation of coxae, thickening of femora, and increase of the degree of junction of tibia and tarsus. The muscles, which move the distal segment of the leg, are reinforced and the sclerite of the fl.ti tendon is enlarged. The joint angle of the distal segment is increased to 120°. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 27 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230306
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allometry and developmental integration of body growth in a piranha, Pygocentrus nattereri (Teleostei: Ostariophysi) (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995), S. 341-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Piranhas, like many teleosts, change their diets on both ontogenetic and phylogenetic time scales. Prior studies have suggested that pervasive morphological changes in body form on a phylogenetic time scale may be related to changes in diet, but previous reports have found little shape change in piranhas on an ontogenetic time scale. We re-examine the post-transformational allometry of body form in one piranha, Pygocentrus nattereri (Kner), using the method of thin-plate splines decomposed by their partial warps. We find substantial evidence of allometry, primarily elongation of the mid-body relative to the more anterior and posterior regions, elongation of the postorbital and nape regions relative to the more anterior head and posterior body, and deepening of the head relative to the body. In addition to these pervasive changes throughout the body, there are some that are more localized, especially elongation of the postorbital region relative to eye diameter and snout, and an even more localized elongation of the snout relative to eye diameter. Initial dietary transitions are associated with changes in head and jaw proportions, but rates of shape change decelerate through growth, so that the final transition to a diet increasingly dominated by small whole fish appears associated with change largely in overall body size. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230309
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructurally different muscle cell types in Eisenia foetida (Annelida, Oligochaeta) (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 224 (1995), S. 87-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Muscles in the body wall, intestinal wall, and contractile hemolymphatic vessels (pseudohearts) of an oligochaete anelid (Eisenia foetida) were studied by electron microscopy. The muscle cells in all locations, except for the outer layer of the pseudohearts, are variants of obliquely striated muscle cells. Cells comprising the circular layer of the body wall possess single, peripherally located myofibrils that occupy most of the cytoplasm and surround other cytoplasmic organelles. The nuclei of the cells lie peripherally to the myofibrils. The sarcomeres consist of thin and thick myofilaments that are arranged in parallel arrays. In one plane of view, the filaments appear to be oriented obliquely to Z bands. Thin myofilaments measure 5-6 nm in diameter. Thick myofilaments are fusiform in shape and their width decreases from their centers (40-45 nm) to their tips (23-25 nm). The thin/thick filament ratio in the A bands is 10. The Z bands consist of Z bars alternating with tubules of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Subsarcolemmal electron-dense plaques are found frequently. The cells forming the longitudinal layer of the body wall musculature are smaller than the cells in the circular layer and their thick filaments are smaller (31-33 nm centrally and 21-23 nm at the tips). Subsarcolemmal plaques are less numerous. The cells forming the heart wall inner layer, the large hemolymphatic vessels, and the intestinal wall are characterized by their large thick myofilaments (50-52 nm centrally and 27-28 nm at the tips) and abundance of mitochondria. The cells forming the outer muscular layer of the pseudohearts are smooth muscle cells. These cells are richer in thick filaments than vertebrate smooth muscle cells. They differ from obliquely striated muscle cells by possessing irregularly distributed electron-dense bodies for filament anchorage rather than sarcomeres and Z bands and by displaying tubules of smooth endoplasmic reticulum among the bundles of myofilaments. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052240110
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Internal fertilization, testis and sperm morphology in glandulocaudinae fishes (Teleostei: Characidae: Glandulocaudinae) (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 224 (1995), S. 131-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In this report, the gonads of 32 glandulocaudine species, representing 18 genera, are compared with 11 outgroup characiform species. Through the presence of spermatozoa within the ovarian cavity, internal fertilization of the female is confirmed for the 16 genera for which mature ovaries were available. No outgroup ovary studied contains spermatozoa. All mature glandulocaudine testes have a large portion of the posterior testis, which is devoid of developing germ cells and spermatocysts (aspermatogenic), devoted to sperm storage, with the degree of partitioning in that region varying greatly within the group. All outgroup species examined have spermatozoa with spherical nuclei. With the exception of the species of the genus Planaltina, which also have spherical nuclei, all glandulocaudines have elongated nuclei, which vary among the species from 3.6 μm to 31.6 μm in length. Distinct sperm packets (spermatozeugmata) are formed in five genera by two different methods. In the genera Xenurobrycon, Tyttocharax, and Scopaeocharax, all of the tribe Xenurobryconini, the spermatozeugmata are formed within the spermatocysts and released fully formed. In all genera of the tribe Glandulocaudini, which includes Glandulocauda and Mimagoniates, loose spermatozoa are released which cluster into spermatozeugmata within the posterior storage areas. These morphological specializations are discussed within a phylogenetic framework as adaptations for internal fertilization and are hypothesized to be independently derived. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052240203
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of interdigitating cells in thymus of the sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L. (Teleost) (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 224 (1995), S. 199-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Interdigitating cells in the thymus of the sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, occur principally in the internal zone and in the border with the external zone. Ultrastructurally, the most characteristic cytological features of these cells are their low electron density, complicated labyrinthine membrane-membrane contacts, scantiness of cytoplasmic organelles, presence of Birbeck-like granules, juxtanuclear tubulo-vesicular complex, and phagocytic capacity. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052240208
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological, histochemical, and ultrastructural characterization of the salivary glands and proboscises of three species of glossiphoniid leeches (Hirudinea: Rhynchobdellida) (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 225 (1995), S. 1-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Morphological and ultrastructural features of the salivary glands and proboscises of Placobdella ornata, Placobdella parasitica, and Desserobdella picta were studied by light and electron microscopy. Chemical composition of the salivary cells was investigated using a variety of histochemical techniques. Placobdella ornata and P. parasitica have compact salivary glands with discrete pairs of anterior and posterior glands, while the salivary cells contain one mucous and three proteinaceous secretions. Salivary glands of D. Picta are diffusely arranged and contain two mucous and two proteinaceous secretions. A cobalt-lysine forward-filling technique revealed that individual salivary cells consist of a roughly spherical soma and an elongated ductule. The majority of the internal space in a salivary soma is densely packed with spherical secretory granules which displace the cytoplasm to the periphery of the cell. Bundles of individual ductules enter the base of the proboscis on opposite sides and extend anteriorly. The ductules, also packed with secretory granules, are surrounded by microtubules associated with agranular endoplasmic reticulum, and merge with deep invaginations of the proboscis cuticle. The secretory granules are released at the end of these invaginations or pores. Pores were found on the tip, along the body, and on the luminal wall of the proboscises in all three species. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052250102
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo strain in the humerus of pigeons (Columba livia) during flight (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 225 (1995), S. 61-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Longitudinal and principal strain recordings were made in vivo at three sites (dorsal, anterior, and ventral) on the humeral midshaft of pigeons executing five modes of free flight: Take-off, level flight, landing, vertical ascent, and near-vertical descent. Strains were also recorded while the birds flew carrying weights that were 33%, 50%, or 100% of their body weight. The relative distribution of strain measured at the three surface midshaft sites and across the bone's cortex was found to be similar for all flight modes. Principal strains recorded in the dorsal and ventral humerus indicated considerable torsion produced by aerodynamic loading of the wing surface posterior to the bone. Measured torsional shear strains (maximum: 2,700-4,150 μ ε during level flight) were 1.5 times greater than longitudinal strains. In addition to torsion, the humerus is also subjected to significant dorsoventral bending owing to lift forces acting on the wing during the downstroke. Analysis of the cross-sectional distribution of longitudinal strains at the humeral midshaft cortex shows that the orientation of bending shifts in a regular manner during the downstroke, indicating that the wing generates progressively more thurst (vs. lift) later in the downstroke. This shift is less during take-off and vertical ascent when greater lift is required. Peak principal and longitudinal strains increased by an average of only 50% from landing to vertical ascending flight and take-off (e.g., dorsal humerus: -1,503 to -2,329 μ ε) and did not exceed -2,600 μ epsiv; at any site, even when the birds flew carrying twice their body weight. Strains recorded when birds flew at two times their body weight (100% BW load) were similar in magnitude to those recorded during vertical ascent and take-off and likely represent those developed during maximal performance. Strains developed within the midshaft were maximal in the anterodorsal and posteroventral cortices, not at the dorsal, ventral, and anterior sites at which strain was recorded. Consequently, maximum strains experienced by the bone are probably 20-25% greater than those recorded (ca. 3,200 μ ε), indicating a safety factor of about 3.5 for compressive strain failure. The much higher shear strains, however, indicate a lower safety factor (1.9), in which the bone's torsional strength is its most critical design feature. Finally, the magnitude and distribution of strains developed in the humerus of pigeons are generally similar to those recorded in the humerus of large fruit-eating bats during flight. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052250106
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cephalometric correlates of echolocation in the chiroptera: II. Fetal development (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 225 (1995), S. 107-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cephalometry was used to detect patterns of cranial growth in fetal bats that were stained differentially for bone and cartilage. Three developmental features distinguish embryos of taxa that echolocate nasally from embryos of taxa that echolocate orally: (1) the basicranium is retained ventral to the cervical axis, (2) the rostrum is retained below the basicranial axis, and (3) the lateral semicircular canals are rotated caudally. Together, the first two actions align the fetal nasal cavity with what will be the long axis of the adult body in flight. The third action aligns the lateral semicircular canals with the horizontal. In contrast, skulls of oral-emitting taxa are constructed such that the oral cavity is aligned with the long axis of the body in flight. The evolution of head posture and skull form in microchiropteran bats has been constrained by the demands of vocalization, i.e., ultrasonic echolocation. Accordingly, the ontogeny of the microchiropteran skull has been canalized along two distinct developmental paths - oral-emitting and nasal-emitting Baupläne. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052250109
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 225 (1995) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052250301
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of caffeine treatment on the fine structure, silica secretion, and shell morphology of the testate amoeba Assulina muscorum (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 225 (1995), S. 251-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Assulina muscorum secretes morphologically altered shells when cultured in a medium with 5 mM caffeine. The siliceous scales, normally distributed in a regular overlapping pattern, are disorganized, thicker and wider than normal, and occasionally have incompletely silicified surfaces that appear irregular in profile in transmission electron microscopic ultrathin sections. The shape of the silica deposition vesicles (SDVs) in the cytoplasm is altered and they are less regularly arranged. The swollen appearances of the SDVs, and of nearby Golgi tubules, give additional evidence that caffeine affects the fine structural morphology of membranous secretory organelles and can disrupt their normal depositional activity. In addition to the greater thickness and width of the siliceous scales in caffeine-treated cells, the length and width of the shell are larger compared to controls, but the aspect ratio (length / width) is smaller. The latter is attributed to a larger increase in width relative to the increase in length of the caffeine-reated cells. Since some of the scales are deposited with the long axis laterally on the shell surface, in addition to being greater in width, this raises the interesting question of whether the morphology of the SDVs and the siliceous products influences the size and morphogenesis of the shell. Further research is needed to clarify the interaction of the SDVs with the cytoplasmic cytoskeletal system during shell morphogenesis. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052250302
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spinal cord central canal of the German shepherd dog: Morphological, histological, and ultrastructural considerations (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 224 (1995), S. 205-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This study deals with some macroscopical, microscopical, and ultrastructural aspects of the spinal cord central canal of the German shepherd dog. The caudal end of the spinal cord is constituted by the conus medullaris, which may extend to the first sacral vertebra, the terminal ventricle, and the filum terminale. The latter structure is considered as internum (second to third sacral vertebrae) or externum (fifth caudal vertebra), according to its relation to the dura mater. Occasionally, there is a second anchorage which is close to the level of the sixth caudal vertebra. The central canal is surrounded by a ciliated ependymal epithelium, which differs depending upon the levels. The most caudal part of the filum terminale bears a columnar ciliated ependymal epithelium surrounded by two layers of glia and pia mater, which separate the central canal from the subarachnoid space. Microfil injections show a communication between the cavity and the subarachnoid space, as the plastic is able to pass through the ependymal epithelium. At the level of the terminal ventricle there are real separations of the ependymal epithelium, which seem to connect the lumen of the spinal canal with the subarachnoid space. These structures probably constitute one of the drainage pathways of the cerebrospinal fluid. The diameter of the central canal is related to the age of the animal. However, even in very old animals the spinal cord central canal reaches the tip of the filum terminale and remains patent until death. At the ultrastructural level the ependymal cells present villi, located on cytoplasmic projections, cilia, dense mitochondria, and oval nuclei. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052240209
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developing embryo and cyclic changes in the uterus of Peripatus (Macroperipatus) acacioi (Onychophora, Peripatidae) (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 224 (1995), S. 179-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Female reproductive tracts of the viviparous neo-tropical onychophoran Peripatus acacioi have been examined at different times throughout the year, and the altering relationship between the developing embryo and the uterus is described. Depending on her age and time of year, the female may have one or two generations of embryos within her uterus. The uterine wall consists of a thin outer epithelium and basal lamina, three layers of muscles, and a thick basal lamina beneath an inner epithelium lining the uterus lumen. These layers are consistent along the length of the uterus apart from the inner epithelial lining, which varies according to position in the uterus and the developmental stage of embryos contained in the uterus. Early embryos are positioned along the length of the uterus and therefore have space in which to grow. During cleavage and segment formation, each embryo is contained within a fluid-filled embryo cavity that increases in size as the embryo grows. Morulae and blastulae are separated by lengths of empty uterus in which the epithelial lining appears vacuolated. Until the process of segment formation is complete, the embryos are attached to a placenta by a stalk and remain in the same part of the upper region of the uterus. As these embryos grow, the lengths of vacuolated cell-lined uterus between them decrease. Each embryo cavity is surrounded by the epithelial sac, the maternal uterine epithelium, which becomes overlaid by a thin layer of cells, the embryo sac, which is believed to be of embryonic origin. The placenta is a syncytial modification of the epithelial sac located at the ovarian end of each embryo cavity covered by the embryo sac and is analogous to the mammalian noninvasive epitheliochorial placenta. Segment-forming embryos have their heads directed toward the ovary. As the embryo gets longer during segment formation, its posture changes from coiled to flexed. Once segment formation is complete, the embryo loses contact with its stalk, an embryonic cuticle forms, and the embryo turns around so that its head is directed toward the vagina. The embryo escapes from its embryo sac and moves to the lower part of the uterus. In the lower part of the uterus, the straightened fetuses are first unpigmented but subsequently become pigmented as the secondary papillae on the body surface form and an adult-type cuticle forms beneath the embryonic cuticle. While the embryos are contained within their embryo cavities, nutrients are supplied by the placenta. Throughout development the mouth is open and in the mature fetus the gut is lined by peritrophic membrane and material is present in the gut lumen. Trachea have been observed only in fetuses that were ready for birth. Insemination, cyclical changes in the uterine epithelium, and the nature of the cuticle shed at parturition are discussed. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 33 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052240207
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanics of the avian propatagium: Flexion-extension mechanism of the avian wing (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 225 (1995), S. 91-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The supporting elements of the avian propatagium were examined in intact birds and as isolated components, using static force-length measurements, calculated models, and airflow observations. The propatagial surface supported between Lig. propatagiale (LP) and brachium-antebrachium is equally resistant to distortion over the range of wing extension used in flight. The lengths LP assumes in flight occur across a nearly linear, low-stiffness portion of the force-length curve of its extensible pars elastica. In an artificial airflow, intact wings automatically extend; their degree of extension is roughly correlated with the airflow velocity. Comparisons between geometric models of the wing and the passive force-length properties of LPs suggest that the stress along LP blances the drag forces acting to extend the elbow. The mechanical properties (stiffness) of the LP vary and appear to be tuned for flight-type characteristics, e.g., changes in wing extension during flight and drag. Lig. limitants cubiti and LP combine to limit elbow extension at its maximum, a safety device in flight preventing hyperextension of the elbow and reduction of the propatagium's cambered flight surface. Calculations using muscle and ligament lengths suggest that M. deltoideus, pars propatagialis, via its insertions onto both the propatagial ligaments, controls and coordinates propatagial deployment, leading edge tenseness, and elbow/wing extension across the range of wing extensions used in flight. The propatagial ligaments and M. deltoideus, pars propatagialis, along with skeleto-ligamentous elbow/carpus apparatus, are integral components of the wing's extension control mechanism. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052250108
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative embryology of teleostean fishes. I. Development and staging of the american shad, Alosa sapidissima (Wilson, 1811) (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 225 (1995), S. 125-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A new approach to devising embryological staging systems allows improved phylogenetic comparisons of developmental patterns. As in traditional approaches, morphological features provide the defining criteria for stages, but unlike traditional normal tables, each stage is defined by no more than one or two morphological criteria that are fundamental developmental features of all teleosts. Additional developmental features that occur concurrently with the defining criteria of a stage are treated as variables potentially uncoupled from the defining criteria for that stage. This system is well suited to detect phylogenetic heterochrony and promises to increase our understanding of conserved vs. labile features in teleostean embryology. In this study, I explain the defining criteria for American shad and then make comparisons with other clupeoids. The development of American shad includes 35 stages extending from fertilization to metamorphosis. Comparisons with other clupeoids indicate that the developmental pattern of shad is representative of the early ontogeny of many clupeoids during the embryonic and yolk sac periods and may be conservative for the group. However, several concurrent features, particularly hatching, formation of neuromasts, and opercular development, vary in developmental timing among clupeoids. Comparisons indicate that shad embryos delay the development of these concurrent features relative to other clupeoids. Modifications of the developmental pattern for different species of clupeoids are heterochronic but their phylogenetic and adaptive significance is unknown. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052250202
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fiber-type composition of hindlimb muscles in the turtle, Pseudemys (Trachemys) scripta elegans (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 225 (1995), S. 193-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A description is provided of the fiber-type composition of several hindlimb muscles of the adult turtle, Pseudemys (Trachemys) scripta elegans. In addition, cross-section areas of each fiber type and an estimation of the relative (weighted) cross-section area (wCSA) occupied by the different fiber types are also provided. Seven muscles were selected for study, based on their suitability for future neurophysiological analysis as components of the segmental motor system, and on their homologies with muscles in other vertebrates. The test muscles were iliofibularis (ILF), ambiens (AMB), external gastrocnemius (EG), extensor digitorum communis (EDC), flexor digitorum longus (FDL), tibialis anterior (TA), and peroneus anterior (PA). Serial sections of these muscles were stained for myosin adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), NADH-diaphorase, and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (α-GPDH), thereby enabling fiber-type classification on the basis of indirect markers for contraction speed and oxidative (aerobic) vs. glycolytic (anaerobic) metabolism. All muscles contained three fiber types: Slow oxidative (SO; possibly including some non-twitch tonic fibers); fast oxidative glycolytic (FOG); and fast glycolytic (Fg). There were at least 30% FOG and 50% FOG + Fg fibers in the seven muscles, the extreme distributions being the predominantly glycolytic ILF vs. the predominantly oxidative FDL muscle (ILF - 15.5% SO, 35.2% FOG, 49.3% Fg vs. FDL - 49.1% SO, 41.1% FOG, 9.8% Fg). As in other species, the test muscles exhibited varying degrees of regional concentration (compartmentalization) of the different fiber types. This feature was most striking in ILF. Pronounced compartmentalization was also observed in AMB, EG, PA, TA, and EDC, whereas the distribution of fiber types in the highly oxidative FDL was homogeneous. In five of the seven muscles, fiber size was ranked with Fg 〉 FOF 〉 SO. In terms of wCSA, which provides a coarse-grain measure of the different fiber types' potential contribution to whole muscle peak force, all muscles exhibited a higher Fg and lower SO contribution to cross-section area than suggested by their corresponding fiber-type composition. The largest relative increases in wCSA vs. fiber-type composition were in the ILF and AMB muscles. We conclude that the turtle hindlimb provides some interesting possibilities for testing for a division of labor among different muscles during different movements (e.g., sustained vs. ballistic), and for study of the behavior of the different fiber (and motor unit) types under normal and perturbed conditions. The relationships between the present results and previous findings on homologous muscles of the mammalian (cat, rat) and reptilian (lizard) hindlimb are discussed. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052250205
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of ampulla in the ductus deferens of the Indian garden lizard Calotes versicolor daudin (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 225 (1995), S. 261-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: During the breeding season, the terminal end of the ductus deferens of Calotes versicolor appears swollen and is comparable to the ampulla of the mammalian ductus deferens. Its anatomy was studied from paraffin sections. It differentiates along its length into five zones. The first has thick smooth muscle and pesudostratified epithelium; the second has luminal trabeculae with an epithelium showing evidence of secretory activity; the third has the epithelial mucosa abutting against the smooth muscle in the form of pocketlike indentations; the fourth has crypts between epithelial folds; and the fifth zone is a sphincter. The anatomy of this ampullary region is indicative of secretory as well as spermatophagous roles. It undergoes seasonal change and appears to be androgen-dependent. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052250303
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perinatal changes in avian muscle: Implications from ultrastructure for the development of endothermy (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 225 (1995), S. 357-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Endothermic heat production and the capacity to shiver develop soon after hatching in birds, permitting chicks to regulate their body temperature. Physiological studies have not clearly identified the developmental events causing this change in function. Here, we use electron microscopy to examine the development of structures involved in muscle activation, contraction, and metabolism coincident with the development of shivering thermogenesis. A stereological study was used to compare the ultrastructure of chicken iliofibularis before endothermic heat production was present (24 h before hatching) and 120 h later, when the iliofibularis had substantial capacity for shivering. Profound increases were found in the t-tubule system and terminal cisternae, mitochondrial cristae, and lipids. The number of triadic profiles increased 3.8-fold (7.6 ± 1.31/100 μm2 to 28.5 ± 2.90/100 μm2 fiber area). The surface area of cristae per mitochondrial volume doubled (12.0 ± 1.50 pm2/pm3 to 25.7 ± 1.84 μm2/μm3). Lipid droplets were rare in the iliofibularis of embryos about to hatch, but accounted for 4.4% of the muscle fiber volume in day 4 birds. We suggest that these ultrastructural changes more fully activate the iliofibularis, allow it to produce more heat both from calcium pumping and from contraction, and increase its endurance, thus permitting the muscle to be effective in thermogenesis. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052250307
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 226 (1995) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052260101
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensory receptors on the adult labial and maxillary palpi and galea of Cicindela sexguttata (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 226 (1995), S. 25-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Five types of sensilla are situated on the apical area of the labial and maxillary palpi and galea of Cicidela sexguttata. Large, conical, and peg-like sensilla are in rows on the central region of each palpus. These sensilla have a hollow cuticular peg, with an apical pore and multi-innervation. This central region of palpal sensilla is surrounded by campaniform sensilla that are disc-shaped and small conical peg sensilla. A similar type of conical sensillum as the found in the palpal central region is situated around the periphery of the palpal apex and apex of the galea. This conical peg sensillum is located in a shallow depression and is structurally similar to the other peg sensilla, but it has a mechanoreceptor neuron attached to the cuticular base of the sensillum. A long, single, trichoid sensillum is situated in the center of the galea and is hollow, thick-walled, porous, and multi-innervated. The apices of the palpi and galea have a large number of dermal gland openings that actively secrete a substance during the feeding process of the tiger beetle. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052260103
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal variation in ovarian histology of the viviparous lizard Sceloporus torquatus torquatus (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 226 (1995), S. 103-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Changes in ovarian histology during the reproductive cycle of the viviparous lizard Sceloporus torquatus torquatus are described. In general, the variation in follicular histology observed during the seasonal cycle is similar to that of other lizards. Sceloporus t. torquatus exhibits a cycle in which small, previtellogenic follicles exist in the ovary from December to August. Vitellogenesis occurs between September and November, followed by ovulation from late November to early December. Parturition occurs the following spring. After ovulation, the remaining follicular cells form the corpus luteum and luteolysis did not occur until April-May. Follicular atresia is commonly observed in previtellogenic follicles with polymorphic granulosa, but occurs less frequently in follicles during late vitellogenesis. There are two germinal beds in each ovary. The yolk nucleus is evident in young oocytes as is a vacuolated ooplasma prior to vitellogenesis. Extensive polymorphism is observed in yolk platelets. Mast cells and secretory cells are observed in the thecal layer of the follicular wall as are melanocytes in the ovarian stroma. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052260107
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytological aspects of vascular invasion by the trophoblast of Calomys callosus in hepatic tissues (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 226 (1995), S. 159-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Ectoplacental cones isolated from embryos on the seventh day of pregnancy wer transplanted beneath the hepatic capsule of recipeint adult animals to document the morphological patterns of vascular invasion by the trophoblast in the absence of the maternal environment and the influence of its peculiar vasculature. Females, and females and males of Calomys collosus, a cricetid rodent, were used, respectively, as embryo donors and recipient animals. Three to 5 days later, the grafted regions were excised and processed for light and electron microscopy. Invasion of the liver parenchyma by the trophoblast progressed along the vascular beds, associated with gradual phagocytosis of hepatic cells, greatly favoring the morphological characterization of invasive steps exhibited by the trophoblast to access the different kinds of vessels, to trespass the various vascular components and the different levels of the surrounding hepatic parenchyma. It is possible that either in utero during the establishment of embryomaternal circulation in early pregnancy or ex utero under experimental conditions, the trophblast exhibits similar vascular invasion behavior. In view of this, our findings may contribute to a better understanding of trophoblast cell migration to the maternal blood supply as well as the role of the trophoblast in the establishment of the placental circulation during pregnancy. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052260205
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A commentary on the segmental motor system of the turtle: Implications for the study of its cellular mechanisms and interactions (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 225 (1995), S. 213-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A commentary is provided on the segmental motor system of the turtle Pseudemys (Trachemys) scripta elegans with an emphasis on neuronal, neuromuscular, and muscular mechanisms that control the development of force under normal, fatiguing, and pathophysiological conditions. For the central neuronal component of the segmental motor system, it has recently been shown that intracellular analysis of the firing properties of motoneurons and interneurons can be undertaken for relatively long periods of time in in vitro slices of the lumbosacral spinal cord of the adult turtle. In other less reduced in vitro preparations, analyses are available on complex motor behaviors generated by the isolated spinal cord. These behaviors of spinal neuronal networks are analogous in key aspects to those generated by the isolated in vivo cord, and by the cord in intact preparations. These results suggest that the neuronal components of the segmental motor system can now be studied from the cellular/molecular level of analysis in in vitro slice preparations to the systems level in conscious, freely moving animals. The in vitro approach can also be used for the analysis of cellular mechanisms in suprasegmental brain structures, which contribute to the control of voluntary movement. For the peripheral neuromuscular component of the segmental motor system, information is now available on muscle fiber types and selected aspects of sensory innervation, and it is feasible to study the mechanical and biochemical properties of motor units. As such, the turtle presents a valuable model for exploring interrelations between the neuronal and mechanical components of the segmental motor system of the generalized tetrapod. A prominent feature of these recent developments is the extent to which they have been deriven by findings that have emphasized an evolutionary conservation of motor-control mechanisms extending from ion channels, at the cellular level, to the control of multijointed movements at the systems level of analysis. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052250206
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diversification of brain morphology in antarctic notothenioid fishes: Basic descriptions and ecological considerations (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995), S. 47-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The Notothenioidei, a perciform suborder of 120 species, dominates the ichthyofauna of the Southern Ocean around Antarctica. Unlike most teleost groups, notothenioids have undergone a corresponding ecological and phyletic diversification and therefore provide an excellent opportunity to study the divergence of the nervous system in an unusual environment. Our goal is to evaluate notothenioid brain variation in light of this diversification. To provide a baseline morphology, we examine the gross morphology and histology of the brain of Trematomus bernacchii, a generalized member of the family Nototheniidae. We then examine the variation in brain gross anatomy (32 species) and histology (10 species) of other notothenioids. Our sample represents about 27% of the species in this group and includes species from each of the six families, as well as species representing diverse ecologies. For comparison we reference the well-studied brains of two species of temperate perciformes (Perca flavescens and Lepomis humilis). Our results show that, in general, notothenioid brains are more similar to the brains of temperate perciforms than to the unusual brains of cave-dwelling and deep-sea fishes. Interspecific variation in gross brain morphology is comparable to that in Old World cyprinids and is illustrated for 17 species. Variation is especially noteworthy in the ecologically and geographically diverse family Nototheniidae. Measurements indicate that sensory regions (olfactory bulbs, eminentia granularis, and crista cerebellaris) exhibit the most pronounced variation in relative surface area. Association areas, including the corpus cerebelli and the telencephalon, exhibit moderate variation in size, shape, and lobation patterns. Regulatory areas of the brain, including the saccus vasculosus and the subependyma of the third ventricle, are also variable. These regions are best developed in species living in the subfreezing water close to the continent. In some species the expanded ependymal lining forms ventricular sacs, not previously described in any other vertebrate. Three species, including two nototheniids (Eleginops maclovinus and Pleuragramma antarcticum) and the only artedidraconid in our sample, have distinctive brains. The unique brain morphology of Pleuragramma is probably related to a sensory (lateral line) specialization for feeding. Within the Nototheniidae, a phyletic effect on cerebellar morphology is evident in the Coriiceps group and in the Pleuragramminae. Neither phyletic position nor ecological factors (water temperature, position in the water column, dietary habits) alone fully expalin the pattern of notothenioid brain diversification. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230107
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcement (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 223 (1995), S. I 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052230202
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...