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  • Immunocytochemistry  (23)
  • Mitochondria  (18)
  • Springer  (41)
  • Frontiers
  • MDPI Publishing
  • 1975-1979  (41)
  • 1979  (41)
Collection
Keywords
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  • Springer  (41)
  • Frontiers
  • MDPI Publishing
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  • 1975-1979  (41)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of bovine serum albumine on the proton conductance of potato mitochondria membranes (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1979), S. 122-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Mitochondria ; Proton conductance ; Serum albumin ; Solanum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Pulsed acid base titrations, according to the procedure of Mitchell and Moyle, have been carried out on potato mitochondria in the presence and absence of Bovine Serum Albumine (BSA). The rate of the pH decay is slower when BSA is present. The buffering capacities of the outer and inner phases, the t1/2 of the pH decay after an acid pulse and the proton conductance of the inner membrane have been measured. The results show that plant mitochondria are relatively impermeable to H+ and OH−, but leakier than animal mitochondria. This may be related to the lower respiratory control ratios generally found with plant mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389511
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of mitochondrial activities by phytochrome during greening (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1979), S. 229-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Avena ; Greening ; Mitochondria ; Oxidative Phosphorylation ; Phytochrome ; Respiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mitochondria isolated from 7-day old darkgrown Avena sativa L. (var. Arnold) laminae given 5 min illumination of red light, followed by varying lengths of darkness up to 3 h, showed at least a twofold increase in the rates of both NADH-dependent oxygen consumption and respiratory chain phosphorylation over those of mitochondria isolated from unilluminated tissue. Similar organelles, isolated from tissue given either far-red or red followed by far-red pretreatment, exhibited rates of both functions of between 25% and 75% below those of the mitochondria from unilluminated tissue. The induction-reversion criteria for phytochrome control of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation were satisfied under all experimental conditions during the greening process. Treatment with continuous far-red light, acting presumably through the ‘high irradiance’ reaction of phytochrome, served to disengage phytochrome activity from photosynthesis. The stimulation of oxidative phosphorylation still occurred under these conditions, slightly slower but much more prolonged in the absence of ATP from photophosphorylation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388743
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of temperature on the pathways of NADH-oxidation in broad-bean mitochondria (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 144 (1979), S. 359-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Mitochondria ; NADH oxidation ; Respiration (rotenone-resistant) ; Temperature activation ; Vicia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 1. Respiration rates of broad-bean (Vicia faba) mitochondria were studied as a function of temperature. Arrhenius plots of all membrane-bound enzymes, as obtained with saturating substrate concentrations, revealed a break in the lower temperature range. That break was considered to indicate a phase transition of membrane phospholipids, characteristic for chilling-sensitive plants. A second discontinuity at 30°C occurred only with activities linked to energy conservation. — 2. The activation energies for the oxidation of NAD+-linked substrates differ between states 3 and 4. State 3 respiration of NAD+-linked substrates is the result a superimposition of two branches of electron transport, which can be separated by different sensibilities to rotenone. A characteristic temperature dependency of the respiratory control, as well as a shift of the low temperature break in the Arrhenius plot toward a higher temperature after state 4 to state 3 transition, are calculated to be caused by the superimposition of the two branches. — 3. The temperature dependency of the oxidation of extra-mitochondrial NADH and of succinate differs remarkably from that of the oxidation of matrix-NADH. It has been concluded that the rotenone-resistant oxidation of matrix-NADH and the oxidation of external NADH are mediated via different pathways with individual regulation sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391579
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-meiotic nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction in Cosmos bipinnatus (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 145 (1979), S. 449-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Alternation of generation ; Cosmos ; Gametogenesis ; Mitochondria ; Nuclear envelope ; Organelle autonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An interaction involving the nuclear envelope and spherical double-membrane bound inclusions takes place in the cytoplasm of post-meiotic male microspores of Cosmos (tribe Heliantheae, sub-tribe Coreopsidinae). The identity of the spherical inclusions has yet to be fully established, but they closely resemble profiles elsewhere in the cytoplasm, themselves presumably derived from the mitochondrial population of the premeiotic pollen mother cells. Both the cytoplasmic and nucleaar-associated inclusions regularly contain a central ‘vesicle’, formed by an ingagination of their bounding membranes. The interaction, which occurs immediately prior to the deposition of the primexine of the pollen wall, involves the adhesion of the inclusions to the nuclear surface. Experiments with osmotically disrupted cells reveal that the inclusions are firmly bound to the envelope and, at the points of contact, electron opaque granules are regularly present. Frequently elements of the chromatin may be observed in juxtapostion to these points of contact, but on the inner face of the envelope. The interaction in Cosmos is proposed to constitute part of the process by which the cytoplasm and its content are realigned to the new “gametophylic” style of growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380099
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of mitochondrial phosphate transport and rates of respiration and phosphorylation during greening of etiolated Avena leaves (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 144 (1979), S. 325-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Avena ; Greening ; Mitochondria ; Phosphate transport ; Respiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Using the technique of silicone oil filtration of organelles and the inhibitor stop method, the kinetics of transport of inorganic phosphate across the inner mitochondrial membrane were tested in relation to different stages of greening (0 to 24 h) of etiolated laminae of Avena sativa L., and compared to the rates of oxygen consumption and ATP formation. The results demonstrate that there is a pronounced increase in phosphate transport after 3 h of greening, reaching values for Vmax (about 17 μmol mg protein-1 h-1) that are three times as high as those measured with mitochondria from etiolated tissue. This is also mirrored by the rates of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. After 24 h of light treatment (4 Klx), respiration and ATP formation, as well as V decreased again to levels below those of the etiolated stage. In contrast to V, there was no change in the affinity between inorganic phosphate and the binding sites of the transporting systems involved, as indicated by a rather constant Km (0.23 mM) for phosphate transport. Of the inhibitors of phosphate transport tested, mersalyl and methyl mercuric iodide were most efficient with identical characteristics of inhibition; but compared to animal mitochondria, the concentrations needed to result in similar amounts of inhibition, were more than ten times higher. The results are discussed with respect to plastid development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391575
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conjoined mitochondria and plastids in the barley mutant ‘albostrians’ (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1979), S. 178-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Hordeum ; Mitochondria ; Plastids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The intercalary meristem and surrounding tissues of the gene induced plastome mutant ‘albostrians’ of Hordeum vulgare L. were examined in the electron microscope for ultrastructural evidence of membrane continuities between plastids and mitochondria. In well developed tissues the ribosome-deficient plastids were usually in close proximity or appressed to mitochondria of normal appearance. In some sections through the meristemmatic region however the relationship between the two organelles was observed to be of a fused nature. These conjoinings are thought to be similar to those reported in normal living cells using cinephotomicrography but never before observed by transmission electron microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389522
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytokinin inhibition of respiration by cells and mitochondria of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 146 (1979), S. 503-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Coumarate ; Cytokinin ; Glycine ; Respiration ; Mitochondria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cells of a soybean tissue strain, suspended in an aerated liquid medium, caused disappearance of p-coumaric acid from the medium and oxidation of guaiacol, benzidine, pyrogallol, L-dihydroxyphenylalanine and L-epinephrine. Both the disappearance and the oxidations were inhibited by 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at a concentration of 0.5 mM. BAP at other concentrations either promoted or inhibited oxidation of epinephrine in precisely the pattern reported earlier for the disappearance of coumarate; therefore, the disappearance of coumarate probably involves its oxidation. The effectiveness of other cytokinins in inhibiting the oxidation was studied. At 0.5 mM, and perhaps even at 0.5 μM, some of the several cytokinins tested inhibited oxygen consumption by the soybean cells. This inhibition, which did not require any of the above metabolizable compounds, was especially marked in the presence of cyanide, azide or Antimycin A, and was detectable in 10 min or less. Either Antimycin A or salicylhydroxamic acid alone promoted O2 consumption but together they were quite inhibitory. The soybean cells apparently have an alternate respiratory pathway and cytokinins may influence its operation. Several cytokinins at 0.5 mM, and perhaps at 0.5 μM, also inhibited oxygen consumption by mitochondrial preparations from the soybean cells, the inhibition being evident in about 20 s. The consumption required a substrate such as malate, succinate or NADH. Cytokinins and related compounds varied in effectiveness as follows: BAP and 6-isopentenyla-minopurine ≥ 9-tetrahydropyranyl-BAP 〉 kinetin, ribosyl-isopentenylaminopurine, 9-methyl-BAP and 9-methoxymethyl-BAP 〉 6,6-dimethylaminopurine and zeatin (slight activity) 〉 6-methylaminopurine, nicotinamide and adenine (ineffective). To a great extent this order parallels the order of effectiveness of the compounds in causing cell division. Mitochondria, therefore, may contain a site for an important cytokinin action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380866
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical localization of vasotocin and mesotocin in the hypothalamus of lacertilian reptiles (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 223-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hypothalamus ; Lacertilian reptiles ; Vasotocin neurons ; Mesotocin neurons ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory system of lizards was studied with the unlabeled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex (PAP) technique at the light microscopic level. It was shown that vasotocin and mesotocin are synthesized in separate neurons. The vasotocinergic as well as the mesotocinergic perikarya are of different sizes. Both cell types occur in close juxtaposition, but without a distinct pattern of distribution. The external zone of the lacertilian median eminence contains numerous immunoreactive vasotocinergic fibers and only few immunoreactive mesotocinergic fibers. The general organization of the hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory system of lizards, as revealed by immunocytochemistry, is essentially similar to that revealed with unspecific staining methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236415
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopical-immunocytochemical evidence of ecdysteroids in the prothoracic gland of Galleria mellonella (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 285-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Ecdysteroids ; Prothoracic gland ; Insect hormones ; Galleria mellonella
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fixation of prothoracic glands of Galleria mellonella with a solution containing saponin permits immunocytochemical staining of the entire gland. By this means ecdysteroids were demonstrated electron microscopically to be present in the hyaloplasm and microtubules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236420
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical identification of enkephalinergic neurons in the hypothalamic magnocellular preoptic nucleus of the goldfish, Carassius auratus (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 147-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Enkephalin neurons ; Vasotocin neurons ; Isotocin neurons ; Immunocytochemistry ; Goldfish (Carassius)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Our immunocytochemical investigation of the magnocellular neuroendocrine system in the goldfish hypothalamus reveals enkephalin (ENK)-containing neurons interspersed among the vasotocin (VT)- and isotocin (IT)-containing neurons of the preoptic nucleus. The perikarya of the ENK, VT, and IT neurons do not show distinct morphological differences at the level of light microscopy and are not located preferentially within the nucleus. Separate ENK, VT and IT fibers course laterally and ventrally through the hypothalamus as they descend toward the pituitary gland. All three fiber types form terminals around blood vessels in the neurohypophysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236894
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunoreactive pancreatic polypeptide (PP) occurs in the central and peripheral nervous system: Preliminary immunocytochemical observations (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 179-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) ; Neurones ; Central nervous system ; Peripheral nervous system, gut ; Immunocytochemistry ; Mammals ; Birds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) is a candidate hormone of unknown physiological significance. It is produced by a population of endocrine cells in the pancreas. In the present study a PP-like peptide was found to occur in the mammalian and avian central and peripheral nervous systems. Immunoreactive nerve fibres and nerve cell bodies were widely distributed in the brain. Dense accumulations of nerve fibres occurred in the following areas: nucleus accumbens, interstitial nucleus of the stria terminalis, para- and periventricular hypothalamic nuclei, and medial preoptic area. In addition, nerve fibres were regularly seen in cortical areas. Immunoreactive perikarya were observed in the following regions: cortex, nucleus accumbens, neostriatum and septum. In the gut, immunoreactive nerve fibers were distributed in the myenteric plexus, in smooth muscle, around blood vessels, and in the core of the villi. Immunoreactive perikarya occurred in the submucosal and myenteric plexus, suggesting that PP immunoreactive nerves are intrinsic to the gut. In the species examined, the neuronal PP-like peptide could be demonstrated with an antiserum raised against avian PP, but not with those raised against bovine or human PP. Thus, neuronal PP is distinct from the PP that occurs in pancreatic endocrine cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236410
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The activated hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory system and the one neuron -one neurohypophysial hormone concept (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 29-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Magnocellular neurosecretory system ; Activation ; Rat ; Vasopressinergic neurons ; Oxytocinergic neurons ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The activated hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory system of the rat was studied in tissue sections, double stained with the unlabeled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex (PAP) technique. The results indicate that in animals with an activated hypothalamic magnocellular neuroendocrine system, as well as in normal animals, vasopressin and oxytocin are exclusively synthesized in separate vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236884
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural reactions of spinal ganglia to tri-ortho-cresyl-phosphate: Effects of neurotoxicity (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 199 (1979), S. 409-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spinal ganglion (domestic fowl) ; Tri-ortho-cresyl-phosphate ; Neurofilaments ; Endoplasmic reticulum ; Mitochondria ; Effects of toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of neurons in spinal ganglia of the domestic fowl poisoned with tri-ortho-cresyl-phosphate (TOCP) shows characteristic changes. The light neurons react to TOCP by a marked increase in the number of neurofilaments. These neurons also contain mitochondria in various degenerative stages. Several of the altered mitochondria show an increasing osmiophilia. Some of the darker neurons display a hypertrophy of the endoplasmic reticulum or a relative increase of neurofilaments. The mitochondria in some of these cells show early stages of degeneration. These changes appear 13 days after TOCP ingestion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236079
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topography of somatostatin cells in the stomach of the rat: Possible functional significance (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 202 (1979), S. 177-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Somatostatin ; Somatostatin cells ; Rat stomach ; Paracrine action ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Somatostatin cells in the stomach of the rat have a characteristic shape and distribution. In the antral mucosa they occur together with gastrin cells and enterochromaffin cells at the base of the glands. In the oxyntic mucosa they are scattered along the entire glands with some predominance in the zone of parietal cells. Throughout the gastric mucosa the somatostatin cells possess long and slender processes that emerge from the base of the cell and end in clublike swellings. Such processes appear to contact a certain proportion of neighbouring gastrin cells in the antral mucosa and parietal cells in the oxyntic mucosa. Exogenous somatostatin given by intravenous infusion to conscious rats counteracted the release of gastrin stimulated by feeding, elevated antral pH or vagal excitation. Gastrin causes parietal cells to secrete HCl and endocrine cells in the oxyntic mucosa to mobilise and synthesise histamine. Somatostatin is known to block the response of the parietal cells to gastrin. In contrast, somatostatin did not block the response of the histamine-storing endocrine cells to gastrin, perhaps because these endocrine cells lack receptors to somatostatin. Conceivably, somatostatin in the gastric mucosa has a paracrine mode of action. The observations of the present study suggest that somatostatin may affect some, but not all of the various cell types in the stomach. Under physiological conditions this selectivity may be achieved in the following ways: 1) Communication may be based on direct cell-to-cell contact. 2) Only certain cell types are supplied with somatostatin receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232233
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereological analyses of the structure of mitochondria in pigeon skeletal muscle (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 202 (1979), S. 493-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Stereology ; Surfaces ; Mitochondria ; Anisotropy ; Muscle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The mitochondria in type-I and -II muscle fibres in the pectoralis major muscle of the pigeon (Columba livia) have been analysed using stereological techniques not previously applied in muscle biology. Mitochondrial volume fractions (VV) were estimated in different regions of each type of muscle fibre using randomly orientated sampling sectors within fibre profiles. These sectors were sub-divided into smaller sampling regions to provide accurate data on the intracellular distribution of mitochondria. Estimates of the external surface densities of mitochondria per unit volume of fibre, SV total surface , and also the densities of mitochondrial cristae, SV total cristae , were obtained using a specific technique derived for analysing anisotropic structures (Saltykov, 1958). The relative amounts of the random and orientated mitochondrial membranes were also estimated. Significiant differences were found to exist between the different types of muscle fibres and considerable though constant variations in the intracellular arrangement of mitochondria were also found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220440
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  • 16
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    Immunocytochemical study of neurohypophysial peptides during corticotropic maturation of infant rats (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 201 (1979), S. 315-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Post-natal development ; Neurohypophysial peptides ; Magnocellular and parvocellular neurons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunocytochemical localization of vasopressin (VP), oxytocin (OXY) and neurophysins I and II (NI and NII) in the hypothalamus of growing rats revealed several new features. Hormones and neurophysins were present in magnocellular neurons of newborn rats: VP and NII in a first neuronal population, OXY and NI in a second neuronal population. For the first three days after birth, the ratio of detected VP to detected NII increased whereas the ratio of detected OXY to detected NI appeared constant. It was obvious that maturation of the OXY/NI magnocellular system occurred later than maturation of the VP/NII magnocellular system. During the first three weeks of development, VP/NII fibres in the median eminence were separated into two distinct groups: the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial tract in the internal part of the median eminence, and pericapillary endings heavily loaded with VP and NII in the external part of median eminence. OXY/NI fibres did not show this particular distribution. Therefore, during this post-natal period, loading of infundibular VP endings was related to the increase of ACTH synthesis demonstrated by various authors. Therefore, we suppose that simultaneous participation of VP and corticotropin-releasing hormone does not only appear during experimental and chronic stimulation of ACTH synthesis (after adrenalectomy, for example) but that it also exists during physiological stimulation of corticotropic function. At birth, parvocellular suprachiasmatic neurons were devoid of VP and NIL A slight immunological reactivity appeared in 6-to 10-day-old rats and it became equivalent to the immunological staining in the adult rat during the third post-natal week. Thus, the appearance of suprachiasmatic VP preceded the differentiation of the rhythmic activity of the pituitary adrenal axis. These chronological relationships suggest the involvement of the suprachiasmatic VP-related-peptide in the circadian periodicity of the corticotropic function.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235067
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  • 17
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    Immunocytochemical localization of somatostatin-containing neurons in the rat hypothalamus (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 201 (1979), S. 349-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hypothalamus ; Rat ; Somatostatin-containing neurons ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The rat hypothalamus was studied at the light microscopic level with the use of single and double immunocytochemical staining methods. It was shown that the rat supraoptic and paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei, and their accessory neurosecretory nuclei, do not contain magnocellular somatostatin neurons. The distribution of the hypothalamic parvocellular somatostatin cells is described. The parvocellular component of the rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus is, at least partly, composed of somatostatin cells: they form a fairly well circumscribed periventricular cell mass. The rat suprachiasmatic nuclei contain separate somatostatin neurons and vasopressin neurons. Scattered somatostatin cells are present in the entire arcuate nucleus. In addition to the periventricular somatostatin cells located in the preopticanterior hypothalamic area and in the arcuate nucleus, the rat hypothalamus also contains numerous scattered somatostatin cells located distant from the third ventricle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236995
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  • 18
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    The localization of oxytocin, vasopressin, somatostatin and luteinizing hormone releasing hormone in the rat neurohypophysis (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 202 (1979), S. 189-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Vasopressin ; Oxytocin ; Somatostatin ; Luteining hormone releasing hormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hypothalamic hormones arginine-vasopressin (AVP), oxytocin (OXT), somatostatin (SOM), and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) were localized in the rat neurohypophysis by the use of semithin serial sections and the unlabeled antibody enzyme method. Clusters of AVP fibres are present within the central region of the neural lobe, clusters of OXT fibres mainly in the peripheral part. The AVP fibres enter bilaterally into the neural lobe. The results call into question previous reports on the presence of AVP on receptors in the pars intermedia cells, since incubation with anti-AVP resulted in similar staining in the pars intermedia of the Wistar and homozygous Brattleboro rat, a mutant strain deficient in AVP. The same intermediate lobe cells are stained after incubation of serial sections with anti-AVP and anti-α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). This staining of anti-AVP could be removed by solid phase absorption to α-MSH and is thus most probably due to cross reaction with α-MSH. SOM fibres appear to be present in the peripheral parts of the proximal neurohypophysial stalk and mainly lateral in its more distal parts. In the neural lobe they rapidly decrease in number, although some fibres continue into the distal part of the neural lobe, running bilaterally and situated adjacent to the pars intermedia. The SOM staining within magnocellular elements, which has been reported in the literature, can most probably be explained by cross reaction of anti-SOM with neurophysins. LHRH fibres are very scarce in the neurohypophysial stalk and absent in the neural lobe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232234
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  • 19
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    ACTH-Iike immunoreactivity in two electrotonically coupled giant neurons in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 202 (1979), S. 231-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; ACTH ; Lymnaea stagnalis ; Neurohormone ; Neurotransmitter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two giant neurons (diameter 130 μm) were identified immunocytochemically by means of the unlabeled antibody enzyme technique with anti ACTH 1–39 and 1–24 in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. The cells are located in the visceral and the right parietal ganglion, respectively. They contain moderately electron dense elementary granules (diameter 150–160 nm). By means of the intracellular horseradish peroxidase injection technique it was shown that the cells send fibres into the neuropiles of various ganglia and into nerves. Synapses occur on the fine fibre branches in the neuropile. Synapse-like structures were found on the cell bodies and on the major fibres. The giant neurons are electrotonically coupled. With toluidine blue staining for small peptides it was demonstrated that in the central nervous system of the pond snail numerous peptidergic neurons occur in addition to those identified with the classical staining methods for neurosecretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232237
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  • 20
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    On the development of midpiece mitochondria of mouse spermatozoa (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 199 (1979), S. 349-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spermatozoa ; Mitochondria ; Scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary As seen by scanning electron microscopy, the mitochondrial helix in the developing midpiece of mouse testicular spermatozoa is dextral in direction and consists of spherical mitochondrial units arranged in an orderly array of four units per gyre: three appearing in face view and a fourth hidden from view at the back of the gyre. As the spermatozoa mature, the dextral helix is transformed into a sinistral helix. Its constituent spherical mitochondria either change direction abruptly without changing shape; or having first become semilunar or diamond-shaped, they change direction gradually. Mitochondrial division follows the change in helical pitch producing a double sinistral helix. The spherical (or semilunar/diamond-shaped) mitochondria presumably elongate to form the units of the mature midpiece.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236144
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    Hypertrophic smooth muscle (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 201 (1979), S. 79-92 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Smooth muscle ; Hypertrophy ; Caveolae ; Sarcoplasmic reticulum ; Mitochondria ; Intramembrane particles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cytological features of hypertrophic smooth muscle cells are investigated in the small intestine of the guinea pig in which a hypertrophy is induced by an experimental stenosis. By freeze-fracture the cell membrane appears richer in intramembrane particles than that of control muscle cells, whereas the number of caveolae per unit surface of cell membrane shows little or no change (16–19 caveolae μm−2). In the sarcoplasm there is a conspicuous increase of both smooth and rough sarcoplasmic reticulum; extent was measured by surface and by volume. Unusual forms of reticulum also appear. Mitochondria are reduced (in percentage volume) to about half the control value.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238049
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    Isotocinergic neurons in the goldfish hypothalamus: Physiological and morphological studies on chemically identified cells (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 202 (1979), S. 17-23 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Isotocinergic neurons ; Immunocytochemistry ; Hypothalamus ; Intracellular recording ; Goldfish (Carassius)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Isotocinergic (IT) neurons show physiological and morphological characteristics that are similar to those of other preoptic neuroendocrine cells in the goldfish. Preoptic IT cells show resting membrane potentials of 20–55 mV, action potentials of up to 100mV, and physiological evidence of axonal branching. Dye-marked IT cells measure 14–56 μm, their dendrites projecting to the ependyma and into the hypothalamic neuropil, their multiple beaded axons projecting to the pituitary. Indirect immunofluorescence identifies these dyemarked cells as IT. By combining electrophysiological, dye-marking and immunocytochemical techniques we can now, for the first time, study single, antidromically-identified peptidergic neurons of a specific type in vertebrate and invertebrate species.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239217
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    On the problem of counting and sizing mitochondria: A general reappraisal based on ultrastructural studies of mammalian lymphocytes (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 204 (1979), S. 297-303 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Mitochondria ; Electron microscopy ; Stereology ; Number and volume ; Lymphocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The authors ask the question whether the parameters “number” and “volume” are suitable for the morphometric analysis of mitochondria. In several types of cell, irregularity of mitochondrial shape makes it technically difficult, if not impossible, to obtain reliable stereological estimates of mean organelle volume or number per unit volume. Of more fundamental concern is whether number of mitochondria per cell is of any real value as a structural correlate of respiratory potential and hence as a measure of cell function. Alternative parameters might serve better for this purpose. Though the problem is illustrated by reference to quantitative studies of lymphocytes, it is also pertinent to the investigation of many other cell types.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234641
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    Developmental correlation between hypothalamic somatostatin and hypophysial growth hormone (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 202 (1979), S. 251-261 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Somatostatin ; Growth hormone ; Mouse Fetus ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The objective of the present study was to determine, by means of immunocytochemistry, the age in fetal development at which GH is first detectable in the pituitary gland and somatostatin in the median eminence, and to correlate temporally the development of these two hormones throughout the remainder of pregnancy. Mice were studied at 15–19 days of gestation with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique of Sternberger. Somatotropes in the pars distalis were initially detected at 16 days of gestation and by 17 days they were a prominent component of the parenchymal cell population of the hypophysis. These cells were ovoid and distributed uniformly throughout the pars distalis; many were located adjacent to sinusoidal capillaries. Their number and staining intensity increased by 19 days. Somatostatin was not consistently observed in the median eminence until 19 days of gestation. Reaction product indicative of the presence of somatostatin in presumptive nerve endings was located on the ventral surface of the median eminence and in the external lamina of the infundibulum in proximity to the superficial portal capillaries. Results of the present investigation support the concept that the potential for neuroendocrine control of GH secretion exists in the mouse by the end of fetal development. Several hypotheses concerning the temporal relationship between the appearance of somatostatin in the hypothalamus and of GH in the anterior pituitary gland are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232239
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    Growth temperature acclimation byAmoeba proteus: Effects on cytoplasmic organelle morphology (1979)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 101 (1979), S. 23-35 
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    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Amoeba proteus ; Cell cycle ; Golgi complexes ; Mitochondria ; Ribosomes ; Temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effects on subcellular morphology of maintaining amoebae at temperatures other than 20
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01293432
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    The absence of cytoplasm ribosomes on the envelopes of chloroplasts and mitochondria in plants: Implications for the mechanism of transport of proteins into these organelles (1979)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 100 (1979), S. 385-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Chlamydomonas ; Chloroplasts ; Mitochondria ; Protein transport ; Ribosomes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Chloroplasts and mitochondria ofChlamydomonas were examined by electron microscopy to determine if cytoplasmic ribosomes were associated with the envelopes of these organelles. Cells were treated with cycloheximide to prevent polypeptide chain completion, and resultant dissociation of envelope-ribosome associations. No extensive association of cytoplasm ribosomes with envelopes of chloroplasts, or mitochondria was detected in intact cells or in damaged cells in which cytoplasm was partly removed. Our results indicate that association of cytoplasm ribosomes with envelopes of chloroplasts or mitochondria is not an essential requirement for transport of polypeptides from cytoplasm to organelle.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279324
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    The effects of anaerobiosis and metabolic inhibitors on mitochondrial ultrastructure inAmoeba proteus (1979)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 99 (1979), S. 275-288 
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    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Amoeba proteus ; Anaerobiosis ; Metabolic inhibitors ; Mitochondria ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Anaerobiosis or exposure to the metabolic inhibitors potassium cyanide and Antimycin A produced changes in the form of living amoebae. These were accompanied by mitochondrial changes in fixed cells. Increasing the anaerobic period increased the percentage of mitochondria affected and resulted in a gradual reduction and eventual loss of the condensed Type I mitochondria ofAmoeba proteus. The rounder Type II mitochondria were not lost but underwent varying degrees of disruption, vesiculation of the cristae being evident after 5 hours exposures and matrical inclusions after 18 hours exposures. Similar cristal vesiculation was seen after 30 minutes treatments with potassium cyanide. Providing treatments were terminated before cell viability was lost, all mitochondrial abnormalities were reversible on return to normal culturing conditions. The longer the period of anaerobiosis the longer was the recovery time required for the return of normal mitochondrial structure and the re-equilibration of control Type I to Type II mitochondrial frequencies. The relationship between mitochondrial conformation and functional integrity is discussed in the light of these findings.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01275801
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    Immunocytochemical localization of a calcium-binding protein in the rat duodenum (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 197 (1979), S. 69-77 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Calcium-binding protein ; Duodenum ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cellular localization of the vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein (CaBP) in the duodenum of rat was studied using indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining methods. Specific positive reaction product, indicative of the presence of CaBP, was exclusively located within the villous part of the duodenal mucosa. Moreover, CaBP was detected mainly within the supranuclear region of the cytoplasm of absorptive cells and also at the level of their basal laminae. CaBP was not demonstrable either in the nuclei or associated with the brush border membrane of absorptive cells. Also, CaBP was neither detectable in goblet cells nor in sub-epithelial layers. When the specific anti-CaBP antiserum was replaced by nonimmune rabbit serum or when it was preabsorbed on a CaBP-Sepharose conjugate, no positive immunostaining was seen. Together with recent biochemical data our observations agree well with the view that CaBP may act as an intracellular “buffer” by protecting the cell against too high Ca2+ concentrations.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233554
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    The relation between solid cell nests and C cells of the thyroid gland (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 197 (1979), S. 295-312 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Thyroid gland ; C cells ; Ultimobranchial body ; Immunocytochemistry ; Morphometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thyroid tissue of 300 routine autopsies was processed in a standardized manner. So-called solid cell nests (SCN) were found in 21 patients (7 %). These cases were investigated carefully by serial step sectioning. In order to explore the correlation of SCN to the C-cell system, the sections were stained by silver impregnation and the immunoperoxidase method. Morphometric analyses revealed a significant increase in the density of C cells in the proximity of the SCN. With progressive distance from the SCN, the C-cell density decreased and reached normal values. In 30 % of the cases argyrophilic and calcitonin-positive cells were found lying within the SCN. Occasionally, mixed follicles could be discerned: These were lined on the one side by a multilayered squamous epithelium, on the other side by normal monolayered cubic follicular epithelium, and contained a peculiar granular material. In one case, SCN were associated with intrathyroid portions of the parathyroids and adult adipose tissue, in a second case with adipose tissue only. Most probably SCN are vestiges of the ultimobranchial body and should be interpreted as such, despite the fact that other authors have expressed different views. The lack of disturbances in the calcium metabolism of the patients and the absence of medullary carcinoma in their family histories led us to interpret locally confined C-cell hyperplasia not as reactive nor premalignant, but rather as normal.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233921
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    Immunoreactivity for β-endorphin in LH-RH neurons of the fetal human hypothalamus (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 203 (1979), S. 201-207 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: β-Endorphin ; LH-RH neurons ; Fetal human hypothalamus ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A peptide immunochemically related to β-endorphin was detected in some LH-RH neurons of the fetal human hypothalamus by comparison of adjacent sections stained for β-endorphin and for LH-RH. In the same section, by successive staining and after antibody elution, both peptides were again revealed in the same neuron. The significance of the presence of the β-endorphin-like material in LH-RH neurons is discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237234
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    Ontogeny and distribution of certain endocrine cells in the human fetal large intestine (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 203 (1979), S. 415-426 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Colon ; Human fetus ; Endocrine cells (distribution) ; Immunocytochemistry ; Ontogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 9 fetuses, 9 to 24 weeks-old, the occurrence and relative distribution of argentaffin cells, as well as of cells immunoreactive to somatostatin (SRIF), glucagon-like polypeptide (GLI), pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and substance P (SP) were studied in five segments of the colon (appendix, cecum, ascending colon, descending colon, and rectosigmoid). For each colonic segment, data concerned with the occurrence of endocrine cells were expressed either as mean absolute numbers of specific cells per entire mucosal section, or as cell densities per mm3 of mucosa after calculation of the mucosal volume of the sections. Argentaffin, GLI, SRIF and PP immunoreactive cells are all present in relatively large numbers, scattered along the entire length of the colonic mucosa as early as the 9th–10th week of gestation, whereas substance P-containing cells occur sporadically and first appear during the 14th–17th week. Until the 20th week, with progressing embryonic development, an increase was determined in absolute numbers per section of all types of endocrine cells in all segments of the colon. This observation is clearly related to the general growth of the colonic mucosa, since cell densities per mm3 of mucosa do not greatly change or even decrease during gestation. However, it is possible that densities of argentaffin, GLI and BPP cells increase in the appendix around the 14th–17th week of gestation. Between the 20th and 24th week, absolute numbers of cells per section remain stable or slightly increase, while cell densities tend rather to decrease in all segments. These data demonstrate that some endocrine cells are present very early in the human fetal colon, but their functional significance remains to be elucidated.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233271
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    Electron microscopic immunocytochemical demonstration of separate vasotocinergic and mesotocinergic nerve fibres in the median eminence of the frog hypophysis (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 204 (1979), S. 29-36 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; Hypophysis ; Rana temporaria ; Vasotocinergic fibres ; Mesotocinergic fibres ; Immunocytochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary With the use of the unlabelled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex (PAP) technique at the electron microscopic level, it was shown that both the internal and the external regions of the median eminence of the frog contain separate vasotocinergic and mesotocinergic nerve fibres. This observation confirms the results of previous immunocytochemical studies at the light microscopic level. The mean size of the neurohypophysial hormone-containing granules in the external region of the median eminence is significantly smaller than that of the neurohypophysial hormone-containing granules in the internal region of the median eminence. No significant difference could be found between the mean granule size of the vasotocinergic and mesotocinergic fibres of either the internal or the external region of the frog median eminence.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235162
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    Role of the pituitary gland in experimental hormonal induction and prevention of benign prostatic hyperplasia in the dog (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 204 (1979), S. 367-378 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cyproterone acetate ; 17β-Oestradiol ; 5α-Androstane-3α,17β-diol ; Prostate gland ; Pituitary gland ; Immunocytochemistry ; Dog (beagle)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The antiandrogen, cyproterone acetate (CPA), prevents development of prostatic hyperplasia, induced in castrated dogs by a 6 month-treatment with 5α-androstane-3α,l 7β-diol (A)alone or in combination with 17β-oestradiol (E 2). The immunoperoxidase technique was used to study functional cell types in the pars distalis of the pituitary gland and to detect growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) target sites in the prostate gland. Homologous radioimmunoassays for estimation of serum canine GH and PRL concentrations were also performed. Treatment with the combinations A + E 2 and A + E 2 + CPA resulted in morphological indications of stimulated GH and PRL cells and depressed gonadotrophs. This correlates well with an increase in PRL-dependent staining in glandular epithelium and fibromuscular tissue of the prostate gland. However, basal serum PRL and GH levels were not significantly affected. Treatment with A and A + E2 stimulated, while additional treatment with CPA clearly suppressed adrenocorticotrophin/melanotrophin (ACTH/MSH) cells. These findings indicate that an endocrine imbalance in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function may be involved in induction and prevention of prostatic hyperplasia in the dog.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233649
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    Immunocytochemical identification of vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurons in the hypothalamus of the cat (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 196 (1979), S. 117-122 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Vasopressin neurons ; Oxytocin neurons ; Immunocytochemistry ; Magnocellular neuroendocrine system ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Our immunocytochemical investigation of the magnocellular neuroendocrine cells in the cat hypothalamus reveals a mixture of vasopressin (VP)- and oxytocin (OT)-containing neurons in the supraoptic (NSO), the paraventricular (NPV) and in five accessory nuclei (NAC). We describe the lateral hypothalamic nucleus (NLH), a new accessory nucleus, lying at the junction of the internal capsule and pallidum, and possibly involved in drinking behavior. Previously characterized incompletely in mammals, the four other accessory nuclei consist of the circularis (NC), anterior fornical (NAF), posterior fornical (NPF) and retrochiasmatic (NRC). The two peptidergic cell types, VP and OT, are equally mixed in the NPV and the NAC, but in the NSO VP neurons predominate. The perikarya of these VP and OT neurons do not show distinct morphological differences at the level of light microscopy. The organization of magnocellular neurosecretory neurons in the cat hypothalamus closely resembles that described in other mammals with the exception of the unique presence of the lateral hypothalamic accessory nucleus.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236352
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    Immunocytochemical demonstration of separate vasopressin-neurophysin and oxytocin-neurophysin neurons in the human hypothalamus (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 196 (1979), S. 203-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei (Man) ; Vasopressin-neurophysin neurons ; Oxytocin-neurophysin neurons ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary With the use of immunocytochemistry, it was shown that both the supraoptic and paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei in humans contain at least two different neurophysins. These two human neurophysins are immunologically related to bovine neurophysin I and neurophysin II, respectively. One human neurophysin is associated with vasopressin, the other with oxytocin. Human vasopressin-neurophysin and oxytocin-neurophysin are located separately in two different types of neurons, which correspond respectively to the vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurons of both the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. The neurophysin of the human vasopressinergic suprachiasmatic neurons appears to be closely related to or identical with neurophysin of the vasopressinergic neurons of the human magnocellular hypothalamic nuclei.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240096
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    Localization of ACTH in the human hypothalamus (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 196 (1979), S. 525-530 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: ACTH ; Human hypothalamus ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using an antiserum to porcine ACTH and the unlabeled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique, we have found that ACTH is present in neuronal cell bodies located exclusively in the arcuate nucleus of the human hypothalamus. ACTH-containing fibers are distributed extensively throughout the hypothalamus with the greatest density in the periventricular nucleus. No concentration of ACTH fibers could be observed in the neurovascular zone of the pituitary stalk.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234745
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    Localization of cells producing thyroid stimulating hormone in the pituitary gland of the domestic drake (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 198 (1979), S. 53-63 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) ; Pituitary gland ; Duck
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cells binding anti-bovine TSH β serum were found exclusively in the rostral lobe of the adenohypophysis of the drake using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex unlabelled antibody method. The specificity of the binding of the anti-serum to TSH cells was established by relating the morphology and relative abundance of immunochemically stained cells to the TSH content of the adenohypophysis after experimentally altering the activity of the pituitary-thyroid axis. The TSH activity of the adenohypophysis was assessed indirectly, by the weight of the thyroid glands, and directly, by bioassay. As determined by bioassay, the TSH content of the rostral lobe of the adenohypohysis was much greater than that of the caudal lobe. Compared with control drakes, immunochemically stained cells in birds fed a goitrogen, methimazole, seemed to be enlarged and were closer together, while the stained cells in drakes injected with thyroxine were shrunken and less intensely stained. The TSH content of the adenohypophysis was increased in drakes fed methimazole. Castration did not alter the TSH content of the adenohypophysis or change the morphology of immunochemically stained cells. These observations suggest that in the drake: 1) anti-bovine TSH β serum binds specifically to TSH cells; 2) the TSH cells occur in the rostral and not in the caudal lobe of the adenohypophysis; and 3) the activity of TSH cells is not inhibited by the feedback effects of gonadal steroids.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234834
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    Morphological, histochemical and biochemical studies on germ cell mitochondria of normal rats (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 196 (1979), S. 1-22 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Testis ; Germ cells ; Mitochondria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Morphological changes in rat germ cell mitochondria are described. In diplotene and secondary spermatocytes and in the spermatids of the Golgi, cap and acrosomal phases, the mitochondria take on a rounded appearance with the inner space containing the matrix flattened against the outer membrane and the intracristal spaces considerably swollen (“condensed” mitochondria). Functional studies on “condensed” mitochondria isolated from the germ cells of normal rats have been performed. The following parameters have been evaluated: ADP/O ratio, respiratory control ratio (RCR) and ADP affinity. The ADP/O values found in the presence of various substrates are in agreement with the theoretical figures. The RCR is remarkably high. Moreover, the ADP affinity of these mitochondria is very high, as demonstrated by the low values of the “apparent Km”. These biochemical findings, which demonstrate a high oxidative capacity coupled with a marked phosphorylation, suggest that the “condensed” appearance of germ cell mitochondria is the expression of an active functional state.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236345
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    Localization of corticotropin- and endorphin-related peptides in the intermediate lobe of the rat pituitary (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 196 (1979), S. 307-319 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pituitary-Intermediate lobe ; Immunocytochemistry ; α, MSH, ACTH, Endorphin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The question is examined whether α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), met-enkephalin and β-endorphin are detectable by enzyme immunocytochemistry in the cells of the intermediate lobe (PI) of the rat pituitary. By applying antibodies against αMSH, ACTH and β-endorphin on light microscopic sections, intense immunostaining was found in all PI-cells. At the ultrastructural level, after treatment of consecutive serial sections with these three antibodies the immunoreactivity was localized in the same secretory granules. No specific metenkephalin immunoreactivity could be detected in the cells of the intermediate lobe.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240104
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    Stereologic studies on mitochondrial configuration in different organs of the rat (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 196 (1979), S. 347-360 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Mitochondria ; Liver ; Heart ; Gastric parietal cells ; Mossy fibers ; Stereology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mitochondria from different organs of the rat with configurations ultrastructurally resembling those of isolated mitochondria of known respiratory states have been subjected to Stereologic analysis. Mitochondria were examined from mossy fibers of the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex (condensed state), of the pericentral hepatocytes (orthodox state), and of heart muscle and parietal cells of the gastric fundus (transitional state). In order to study the relationship between mitochondrial compartments and the internal membrane a “partition coefficient” was introduced, which expresses the volume of the matrix (Emm) and external compartment (Eocm) respectively per unit surface area of internal mitochondrial membrane. The Stereologic parameters investigated, i.e. surface density of the mitochondrial membranes, volume density of the mitochondrial compartments and membranes, and partition coefficients generally agreed with the visual evaluation of mitochondrial ultrastructure. However, analysis of the coefficient of variation δ/x × 100% for Eocm and Emm has shown significantly greater variability in the mitochondria of the myocardium than in the gastric mitochondria, despite similar ultrastructure. It is suggested that Stereologic methods, like time-lapse cinematography, give a compound picture of configurational variation and of its plasticity.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240107
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    Respiration-stimulated activation of deoxyribonuclease I associated with mitochondria (1979)
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    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 88 (1979), S. 1275-1278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: Mitochondria ; DNase I ; calcium ; respiration ; phospholipase A
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of respiration and calcium transport in the liver mitochondria on activation of DNase I associated with the organelles was investigated. It was shown that 96% of the total activity of this enzyme in the mitochondria is in a latent state. Aeration of a suspension of mitochondria leads to a sharp rise in its activity. Activation of DNase I is inhibited by the addition of EGTA and stimulated in mitochondria releasing calcium. The pH optimum of EGTA-inhibited activation of DNase I was shown to be 8.0. It is concluded that activation of this enzyme depends on the state of cellular energetics. It is suggested that a role is played by mitochondrial phospholipase A, activated during release of calcium from the mitochondria in the process of activation of DNase I.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00835570
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