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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetization curling in perpendicular iron particle arrays (alumite media) (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 2016-2021 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Alumite has been investigated by measuring the hysteresis loops for different field directions to determine the influence of the particle interactions in a perpendicular oriented particle medium on the angular dependence of the coercivity and the hysteresis loss. Alumite is an ideal model material for this purpose because the particle size and particle distance are well defined and can be varied independently. It is shown that the coercivity of the particle array can be identified with the nucleation field of one single particle for perpendicular fields. It is clear from the radius dependence of the coercivity that the reversal mode is the curling mode. The angular dependence of the coercivity does not agree with the well-known theoretical curve for one particle, which is caused by the particle interactions. The same can be said about the angular dependence of the hysteresis loss. Calculations of hysteresis loops of particle arrays with interacting particles show the influence of these interactions on the angular dependence of the coercivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341758
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High resolution magnetic force microscopy using focused ion beam modified tips (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002), S. 865-867 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Atomic force microscope tips coated by the thermal evaporation of a magnetic 30 nm thick Co film have been modified by focused ion beam milling with Ga+ ions to produce tips suitable for magnetic force microscopy. Such tips possess a planar magnetic element with high magnetic shape anisotropy, an extremely high aspect ratio of greater than 30:1, and an end radius of less than 25 nm. These tips have been used in a commercial atomic force microscope under ambient conditions to obtain 30 nm resolution magnetic images of an established CoNi/Pt multilayer reference sample. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1497434
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic stray fields of Co-Cr microstrips measured by Lorentz microscopy (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 3002-3007 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic stray fields of Co-Cr microstrips are investigated for bit stabilization in a vertical Bloch line memory (VBLM). The stray fields were revealed using Lorentz force based Foucault and differential phase contrast (DPC) techniques in a transmission electron microscope. The assumed shape of the stray fields for VBLM use has been experimentally verified. Agreement between experiment and simulation is obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356166
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron beam fabrication and characterization of high-resolution magnetic force microscopy tips (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 2913-2919 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The stray field, magnetic microstructure, and switching behavior of high-resolution electron beam fabricated thin film tips for magnetic force microscopy (MFM) are investigated with different imaging modes in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). As the tiny smooth carbon needles covered with a thermally evaporated magnetic thin film are transparent to the electron energies used in these TEMs it is possible to observe both the external stray field emanating from the tips as well as their internal domain structure. The experiments confirm the basic features of electron beam fabricated thin film tips concluded from various MFM observations using these tips. Only a weak but highly concentrated stray field is observed emanating from the immediate apex region of the tip, consistent with their capability for high resolution. It also supports the negligible perturbation of the magnetization sample due to the tip stray field observed in MFM experiments. Investigation of the magnetization distributions within the tips, as well as preliminary magnetizing experiments, confirm a preferred single domain state of the high aspect ratio tips. To exclude artefacts of the observation techniques both nonmagnetic tips and those supporting different magnetization states are used for comparison. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361287
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetization processes in Co–Cr submicron samples: Hall measurements and micromagnetic simulations : 38th Annual Conference On Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 5508-5510 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetization reversal of Co–Cr with perpendicular anisotropy is studied by anomalous Hall effect measurements and by micromagnetic simulations. In a measured hysteresis loop of a 300 nm×300 nm sample (consisting of approximately 40 columns of Co–Cr), discrete jumps are observed, together with a more or less continuous change in magnetization, the latter with both positive and negative sign. The continuous and discrete parts of the hysteresis loop are separated to extract micromagnetic information from the anomalous Hall measurement. The discrete jumps are attributed to parts of columns that switch irreversibly, the continuous magnetization change is attributed to reversible rotation, partly of volumes with in-plane anisotropy. These assumptions are checked by means of a micromagnetic model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355671
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of demagnetization in remanence curves of magnetic thin films (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 6416-6425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Remanent magnetization curves of perpendicular magnetic thin films are simulated and measured. The simulations are used to investigate the theoretical influence of the strong demagnetizing field present in these films. Conclusions are drawn from this on how remanence curves should be measured and how they should be corrected for the demagnetizing influence. The experimental part consists of measurements on Fe-Alumite, Co-Pt–based multilayers, and Co-Cr. In addition the latter material is also artificially patterned into microstrips in order to investigate the influence of demagnetization on remanence curves experimentally. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359115
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Remanent magnetic measurements on perpendicular recording materials with compensation for demagnetizing fields (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 1353-1359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Existing techniques for characterization of longitudinal recording media using remanence measurements are extended to perpendicular media, in particular to Alumite, and correction for demagnetizing fields is taken into account. It is found that these techniques have limited value because of the sensitivity of the analysis to the correction factor used. Measurement of the recoil lines is investigated as an alternative method of probing the reversal processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353255
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic Kerr investigations of CoNi/Pt multilayers : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6190-6192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: CoxNi1−x/Pt multilayers with x=0.4 and 0.5 were sputtered onto Si substrates. Magnetic and spectroscopic magneto-optic measurements (1.4–5.2 eV) reveal a Kerr rotation up to −0.48° at about 4.5 eV for a sample with rectangular hysteresis loop, about 170 kA/m coercivity, and a Curie temperature of about 300 °C. Pt layers could be made extremely thin (2.9 A(ring)) without loss of perpendicular anisotropy and rectangular hysteresis loop. Simulations show that the Kerr rotation peak shifts back from 4.5 to 3.9 eV with increasing number of bilayers. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362068
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of sputter gas on the physical and magnetic microstructure of Co/Cu multilayers : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6243-6245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The physical structure of Co/Cu multilayers, sputtered in different gases (Ar, Kr, and Xe) together with the domain structures that these films support have been investigated using electron microscopy in an attempt to explain the differences in their measured magnetoresistance (MR). Both planar and cross-sectional analyses were undertaken. Due to only partial antiferromagnetic coupling submicron domain structures were observed by Lorentz microscopy in all multilayers. The complex nature of these domain structures made classification difficult, although small magnetic field application allowed wall motion and nucleation to be observed. All films were polycrystalline in nature, although average grains sizes differed. However, smoother interfaces together with less well defined crystal boundaries were observed in the Kr and Xe sputtered films. This trend did not correlate with giant MR (GMR) measurements as the Xe sputtered films had the lowest GMR value of the three. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362018
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the relationship between magnetic viscosity and coercivity of perpendicular media (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 1741-1744 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dependent and dc-demagnetization measurements were performed on two types of perpendicular thin film media, Co-Cr and Fe-alumite. From these the parameters for magnetic viscosity and irreversible susceptibility were derived. Their ratio, resulting in the fluctuation field, is shown to relate logarithmically to the coercivity. This so-called "Barbier plot for perpendicular media'' is found to exhibit a slope of approximately one and a half instead of one, as is found for in-plane media. The activation volumes were also derived and related logarithmically to the coercivity. Here a slope of approximately minus one and a half was found, instead of minus 0.73 as is found for in-plane media.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357689
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