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  • Organic Chemistry  (475)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (119)
  • Aerodynamics  (21)
  • Aircraft Propulsion and Power  (11)
  • AERODYNAMICS
  • 1945-1949  (627)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1949  (627)
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  • 1945-1949  (627)
  • 1940-1944
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-RM-L9C04
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The aerodynamic forces on an oscillating airfoil or airfoil-aileron combination of three independent degrees of freedom have been determined. The problem resolves itself into the solution of certain definite integrals, which have been identified as Bessel functions of the first and second kind and of zero and first order. The theory, being based on potential flow and the Kutta condition, is fundamentally equivalent to the conventional wing-section theory relating to the steady case. The air forces being known, the mechanism of aerodynamic instability has been analyzed in detail. An exact solution, involving potential flow and the adoption of the Kutta condition, has been analyzed in detail. An exact solution, involving potential flow and the adoption of the Kutta condition, has been arrived at. The solution is of a simple form and is expressed by means of an auxiliary parameter K.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TR-496
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An investigation has been conducted in the NACA Cleveland icing research tunnel to determine the aerodynamic and icing characteristics of several recessed fuel-vent configurations. The vents were investigated aerodynamically to obtain vent-tube pressures and pressure distributions on the ramp surface as functions of tunnel-air velocity and angle of attack. Icing investigations were made to determine the vent-tube pressure losses for several icing conditions at tunnel-air velocities ranging from 220 to 440 feet per second. In general, under nonicing conditions, the configurations with diverging ramp walls maintained, vent-tube pressures greater than the required marginal value of 2 inches of water positive pressure differential between the fuel cell and the compartment containing the fuel cell for a range of angles of attack from 0 to 14deg at a tunnel-air velocity of approximately 240 feet per second. A configuration haying divergIng ramp sldewalls, a 7deg ramp angle; and vent tubes manifold,ed to a common plenum chamber opening through a slot In the ramp floor gave the greatest vent-tube pressures for all the configurations investigated. The use of the plenum chamber resulted in uniform pressures in all vent tubes. In a cloud-icing condition, roughness caused by ice formations on the airfoil surface ahead of the vent ramp, rather than icing of the vent configuration, caused a rapid loss in vent-tube pressures during the first few minutes of an icing period. Only the configuration having diverging ramp sidewalls, a 7 ramp angle, and a common plenum chamber maintained the required vent-tube pressures throughout a 60-minute icing period, although the ice formations on this configuration were more severe than those observed for the other configurations. No complete closure of vent-tube openings occurred for the configurations investigated. A simulated freezing-rain condition caused a greater and more rapid vent-tube pressure loss than was observed for a cloud-icing condition.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NACA-TN-1789
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  • 4
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: The purpose of this presentation is to give you a survey of a field of aerodynamics which has for a number of years been attracting an ever growing interest. The subject is the theory of flows with friction, and, within that field, particularly the theory of friction layers, or boundary layers. As you know, a great many considerations of aerodynamics are based on the so-called ideal fluid, that is, the frictionless incompressible fluid. By neglect of compressibility and friction the extensive mathematical theory of the ideal fluid (potential theory) has been made possible.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1217
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: An investigation has been made in the Langley stability tunnel to determine the low-speed static stability and control characteristics of a model of the Bell MX-776. The results of the investigation indicated that the basic model configuration was longitudinally stable in the angle-of-attack range from about -16 deg. to 16 deg. but that the stability was a minimum near O deg angle of attack. The data indicated an aerodynamic-center position about 0.64 body diameters behind the center of gravity at low angles of attack. Reduction in the size of the front horizontal fins increased the longitudinal stability. With 20 percent of the span of the normal front horizontal fins cut off the aerodynamic center was about 1.04 body diameters behind the center of gravity, and with front horizontal fins having the same area as the front vertical fins, the aerodynamic center was 2.26 body diameters behind the center of gravity (at low angles of attack).
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-RM-SL9G08
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: Rocket-powered models were flown at high-subsonic, transonic, and supersonic speeds to determine the zero-lift drag of fin-stabilized parabolic bodies of revolution differing in fineness ratio and in position of maximum diameter. The present paper presents the results for fineness ratio 12.5, 8.91 and 6.04 bodies having maximum diameters located at stations of 20, 40, 60, and 80 percent of body length. All configurations had cut-off sterns and all had equal base, frontal, and exposed fin areas. For most of the supersonic-speed range models having their maximum diameters at the 60-percent station gave the lowest values of drag coefficient. At supersonic speeds, increasing the fineness ratio generally reduced the drag coefficient for a given position of maximum diameter.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-RM-L9I30
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: An altitude-test-chamber investigation was conducted to determine the operational and performance characteristics of a McDonnell afterburner with a fixed-area exhaust nozzle on a J34 engine. At rated engine speed, the altitude limit, as determined by combustion blow-out, occurred as a band of unstable operation of about 6000-foot altitude in width with minimum altitude limits from 31,000 feet at a simulated flight Mach number of 0.40 to about 45,500 feet at a simulated flight Mach number of 1.00. Considerable difficulty was experienced in attempting to establish or maintain balanced-cycle engine operation at altitudes above 36,000 feet. The fuel-air ratio for balanced-cycle operation and lean blowout of the afterburner, the augmented-thrust ratio, the total specific fuel consumption, and the afterburner combustion efficiency for balanced-cycle operation are summarized in a table. Satisfactory afterburner ignition was obtained over a range of flight Mach Numbers from 0.32 to 0.60 at altitudes from 10,000 to 30,000 and engine speeds from 10,000 to 12,500 rpm.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-SE9D19
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: A supersonic compressor design having supersonic velocity at the entrance of the stator is analyzed on the assumption of two-dimensional flow. The rotor and stator losses assumed in the analysis are based on the results of preliminary supersonic cascade tests. The results of the analysis show that compression ratios per stage of 6 to 10 can be obtained with adiabatic efficiency between 70 and 80 percent. Consideration is also given in the analysis to the starting, stability, and range of efficient performance of this type of compressor. The desirability of employing variable-geometry stators and adjustable inlet guide vanes is indicated. Although either supersonic or subsonic axial component of velocity at the stator entrance can be used, the cascade test results suggest that higher pressure recovery can be obtained if the axial component is supersonic.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-RM-L9G06
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: In the Institute for Flight Mechanics of the DVL a reactor arrangement with a maximum output of 100 kg was investigated as an expedient for the termination of dangerous spins on an airplane of the FW 56 type. reproduce the influence of a disturbance of the steady spin condition by a pitching or yawing moment. The tests were meant to reproduce the influence of a disturbance of the steady spin condition by a pitching and yawing moment.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1221 , Zentrale fuer Wissenschaftliches Berichtswesen bei der Deutschen Versuchsanstalt fuer Luftfahrt Nr. 1027
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  • 10
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: A method for calculation of a counterrotating propeller which is similar to Walchner's method for calculation of the single propeller in the free air stream is developed and compared with measurements. Several dimensions which are important for the design are given end simple formulas for the gain in efficiency derived. Finally a survey of the behavior of the propeller for various operating conditions is presented.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TM-1208 , ZWB Forschungsbericht Nr. 1752
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: Results of measurements on a shrouded propeller are given. The propeller is designed for the high ratio of advance and high thrust loading. The effect of the shape of propeller and shroud upon the aerodynamic coefficients of the propulsion unit can be seen from the results. The highest efficiency measured is 0.71. The measurements permit the conclusion that the maximum efficiency can be essentially improved by shroud profiles of small chord and thickness. The largest static thrust factor of merit measured reaches according to Bendemann, a value of about zeta = 1.1. By the use of a nose split flap the static thrust for thin shroud profiles with small nose radius can be about doubled. In a separate section numerical investigations of the behavior of shrouded propellers for the ideal case and for the case with energy losses are carried out. The calculations are based on the assumption that the slipstream cross section depends solely on the shape of the shroud and not on the propeller loading. The reliability of this hypothesis is confirmed experimentally and by flow photographs for a shroud with small circulation. Calculation and test are also in good agreement concerning efficiency and static thrust factor of merit. The prospects of applicability for shrouded propellers and their essential advantages are discussed.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TM-1202
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: The requirements on gas turbines for aircraft power units, namely, adequate efficiency, operation at high gas temperatures, low weight, and small dimensions, must be taken into consideration during the design of the blading. To secure good efficiency, it is necessary that the gas flow past the blades as smoothly as possible without separation. This is relatively easily obtainable in the accelerated flow of turbine blading, if the blade spacing is chosen small enough. A small blade spacing, however, is detrimental to the other requirements outlined above. Operation at high gas temperatures usually calls for blade cooling. This cooling is associated with a power input that lowers the turbine efficiency. Since the amount of heat that must be carried off for coding a blade can be influenced rather little, the gross power input for a turbine stage can be reduced by keeping the number of blades to a minimum, that is, with blades of high spacing ratio. But here also a limit is imposed, the exceeding of which is followed by separation of flow. Hence the requirement of finding blade forms on which the flow separates at rather high spacing ratios .
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-TM-1209
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: An investigation was conducted to determine the performance characteristics of the rotor and inlet guide vanes used in the axial-flow supersonic compressor of the XJ55-FF-1 turbojet engine. Outlet stators used in the engine were omitted to facilitate study of the supersonic rotor. The extent of the deviation from design performance indicates that the design-shock configuration was not obtained. A maximum pressure ratio of 2.26 was obtained at an equivalent tip speed of 1614 feet per second and an adiabatic efficiency of 0.61. The maximum efficiency obtained was 0.79 at an equivalent tip speed of 801 feet per second and a pressure ratio of 1.29. The performance obtained was considerably below design performance. The effective aerodynamic forces encountered appeared to be large enough to cause considerable damage to the thin aluminum leading edges of the rotor blades.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-SE9G19
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: As part of the performance investigation of compressors for the J33 turbojet engine, the A-21 model and the A-23 model with a 17- and a 34-blade impeller were operated with water injection at their respective design equivalent speeds of 11,500 and 11,750 rpm. Inlet conditions of pressure of 14 inches of mercury absolute and of ambient temperature correspond to those of the investigation of these models without water injection. The water-air ratio by weight ranged from 0.05 to 0.06. By the use of water injection, the peak pressure ratio of the A-21 compressor and the A-23 compressor with a 34-blade impeller increased approximately 0.38, whereas that of the A-23 compressor with a 17-blade impeller increased only 0.14. The decrease in maximum efficiency for the three compressors ranged from 0.12 to 0.14. The highest increase in maximum equivalent weight flow of air plus weight flow of water was 10.90 pounds per second obtained with the A-21 compressor. The increase in air weight flow alone was approximately 5.70 pounds per second for the A-21 compressor end the A-23, 17-blade compressor, which exceeded the increase of 3.15 pounds per second for the A-23; 34-blade compressor.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-SE9G13
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  • 15
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: When auxiliary jet engines are installed on airframes; as well as in some new designs, the jet engines are mounted in such a way that the jet stream exhausts in close proximity to the fuselage. This report deals with the behavior of the jet in close proximity to a two-dimensional surface. The experiments were made to find out whether the axially symmetric stream tends to approach the flat surface. This report is the last of a series of four partial test reports of the Goettingen program for the installation of jet engines, dated October 12, 1943. This report is the complement of the report on intake in close proximity to a wall.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1214 , Untersuchungen und Mitteilungen; 3057
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: In an earlier report UM No.1117 by Gothert,the single-source method was applied to the compressible flow around circles, ellipses, lunes, and around an elongated body of revolution at different Mach numbers and the results compared as far as possible with the calculations by Lamla ad Busemann. Essentially, it was found that with favorable source arrangement the single-source method is in good agreement with the calculations of the same degree of approximation by.Lamla and Busemann. Near sonic velocity the number of steps must be increased considerably in order to sufficiently approximate the adiabatic curve. After exceeding a certain Mach number where local supersonic fields occur already, it was no longer possible, in spite of the substantially increased number of steps, to obtain a systematic solution because the calculation diverged. This result,was interpreted to mean that above this point of divergence the symmetrical type of flow ceases to exist and changes into the unsymmetrical type characterized by compressibility shocks.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1203 , Untersuchungen und Mitteilurgen; 1471
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The problem of the motion of an elongated body of revolution in an incompressible fluid may, as is known, be solved approximately with the aid of the distribution of sources along the axis of the body. In determining the velocity field, the question of whether the body moves uniformly or with an acceleration is no factor in the problem. The presence of acceleration must be taken into account in determining the pressures acting on the body. The resistance of the body arising from the accelerated motion may be computed either directly on the basis of these pressures or with the aid of the so-called associated masses (inertia coefficients). A different condition holds in the case of the motion of bodies in a compressible gas. In this case the finite velocity of sound must be taken into account.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1230 , Prikladnaya Matematika I Mekhanika; 10; 4; 521-524
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: Various ways were tried recently to decrease the friction drag of a body in a flow; they all employ influencing the boundary layer. One of them consists in keeping the boundary layer Laminar by suction; promising tests have been carried out. Since for large Reynolds numbers the friction drag of the laminar boundary layer is much lower than that of the turbulent boundary layer, a considerable saving in drag results from keeping the boundary layer laminar, even with the blower power required for suction taken into account. The boundary layer is kept laminar by suction in two ways: first, by reduction of the thickness of the boundary layer and second, by the fact that the suction changes the form of the velocity distribution so that it becomes more stable, in a manner similar to the change by a pressure drop. There by the critical Reynolds number of the boundary layer (USigma*/V) (sub crit) becomes considerably higher than for the case without suction. This latter circumstance takes full effect only if continuous suction is applied which one might visualize realized through a porous wall. Thus the suction quantities required for keeping the boundary layer laminar become so small that the suction must be regarded as a very promising auxiliary means for drag reduction.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1216
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: Four component measurements of 12 wings of symmetric profile having flaps with chord ratios t(sub R)/t(sub L) = 0.3 and t(sub R)/t(sub L) = 0.2 are treated in this report. As a result of the investigations, the effects of plan form and gap between fixed surface and control surface have been clarified. Lift, drag, pitching moment, and hinge moment were measured in the control-surface deflection range: -23 deg 〈 or = beta 〈 or = 23 deg and the range of angle of attack: -20 deg 〈 or = alpha 〈 or = 20 deg. Six wings with flaps of small chord (t(sub R)/t(sub L) 〈 0.1) were investigated at large flap settings.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1206 , ZWB Forschungsbericht; Rept-552/4
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: The present report describes a new method for the prediction of the flow pattern of a gas in the two-dimensional and axially symmetrical case. It is assumed that the expansion of the gas is adiabatic and the flow stationary. The several assumptions necessary of the nozzle shape effect, in general, no essential limitation on the conventional nozzles. The method is applicable throughout the entire speed range; the velocity of sound itself plays no singular part. The principal weight is placed on the treatment of the flow near the throat of a converging-diverging nozzle. For slender nozzles formulas are derived for the calculation of the velocity components as function of the location.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1215 , Luftfahrtforschung; 91-102
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: An investigation has been conducted in the Langley 20-foot free-spinning tunnel of a 1/29-scale model of the Republic XF-91 airplane with a.conventional-tail arrangement installed. Previously, tests were made on the model with a vee tail installed. The erect spin and recovery characteristics of the model were determined for the normal loading with the wing installed at various amounts of incidence. The spin investigation also included inverted-spin tests, spin-recovery-parachute tests, tests with the center of gravity moved rearward, and tests with external fuel tanks added to the model. In addition, several tail.modifications were tested,on the model in an attempt, to improve the model's spin-recovery characteristics. The results indicate that any fully developed spin obtained on the airplane with the conventional tail installed will be satisfactorily terminated if rudder reversal is accompanied by moving the ailerons with the spin (stick right in a right spin).Decreasing the wing incidence from 6deg to -2deg should have a beneficial effect on the recovery characteristics of the airplane. Recovery characteristics by normal use of controls (full rudder reversal followed by moving the elevators down) will be satisfactory if the wing incidence,of the airplane is -2deg. Installation of external fuel tanks (with or without fuel) will have a somewhat adverse effect on the recovery characteristics of the airplane, but if the recovery technique includes movement of the ailerons to full with the spin, the spin rotation will be terminated rapidly. Varying the position of the center of gravity within the limits indicated to be possible on the airplane should not affect the recovery characteristics.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-RM-SL9E20
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  • 22
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: The plane problem of the vibrating airfoil in supersonic flow is dealt with and solved within the scope of a linearized theory by the method of the acceleration potential.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1238 , ZWB Forschungsbericht Nr. 1903; Rept-1903
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: A single-stage modification of the turbine from a Mark 25 torpedo power plant was investigated to determine the performance with two nozzle designs in combination with special rotor blades having a 20 inlet angle. The performance is presented in terms of blade, rotor, and brake efficiency as a function of blade-jet speed ratio for pressure ratios of 8, 15 (design), and 20. The blade efficiency with the nozzle having circular pas- sages (K) was equal to or higher than that with the nozzle having rectangular passages (J) for all pressure ratios and speeds investigated. The maximum blade efficiency of 0.571 was obtained with nozzle K at a pressure ratio of 8 and a blade-jet speed ratio of 0.296. The difference in blade efficiency was negligible at a pressure ratio of 8 at the low speeds; the maxim difference was 0.040 at a pressure ratio of 20 and a blade-jet speed ratio of 0.260.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-SE9H09
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: The J33-A-27 compressor was operated at an inlet pressure of 14 inches of mercury absolute and ambient inlet temperature over a range of equivalent impeller speeds from 6100 to 11,800 rpm. At the design equivalent speed of 11,800 rpm, the J33-A-27 compressor had a peak pressure ratio of 4.40 at an equivalent weight flow of 105.7 pounds per second and a peak adiabatic temperature-rise efficiency of 0.745. The maximum equivalent weight flow at design speed was 113.5 pounds per second.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-SE9F30
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: A supplementary investigation on the stabilization of the Jettisonable nose section of the X-2 airplane has been conducted in the Langley 20-foot free-spinning tunnel. It was found that the nose section could be stabilized by the addition of curved fins which could be folded against the fuselage for normal flight.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-RM-L9F22
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: The characteristics of a cargo-dropping device having extensible rotating blades as load-carrying surfaces have been studied in simulated vertical descent in the Langley 20-foot free-spinning tunnel. The investigation included tests to determine the variation in vertical sinking speed with load. A study of the blade characteristics and of the test results indicated a method of dynamically balancing the blades to permit proper functioning of the device.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-RM-L9G14
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: An investigation was conducted to determine the effect of turbine-disk cooling with air on the efficiency and the power output of the radial-flow turbine from the Turbo Engineering Corporation TT13-18 turbosupercharger. The turbine was operated at a constant range of ratios of turbine-inlet total pressure to turbine-outlet static pressure of 1,5 and 2.0, turbine-inlet total pressure of 30 inches mercury absolute, turbine-inlet total temperature of 12000 to 20000 R, and rotor speeds of 6000 to 22,000 rpm, Over the normal operating range of the turbine, varying the corrected cooling-air weight flow from approximately 0,30 to 0.75 pound per second produced no measurable effect on the corrected turbine shaft horsepower or the turbine shaft adiabatic efficiency. Varying the turbine-inlet total temperature from 12000 to 20000 R caused no measurable change in the corrected cooling-air weight flow. Calculations indicated that the cooling-air pumping power in the disk passages was small and was within the limits of the accuracy of the power measurements. For high turbine power output, the power loss to the compressor for compressing the cooling air was approximately 3 percent of the total turbine shaft horsepower.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-SE9E20
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: An investigation was conducted to determine the performance characteristics of the axial-flow supersonic compressor of the XJ-55-FF-1 turbo Jet engine. The test unit consisted of a row of inlet guide vanes and a supersonic rotor; the stator vanes after the rotor were omitted. The maximum pressure ratio produced in the single stage was 2.28 at an equivalent tip speed or 1814 feet per second with an adiabatic efficiency of approximately 0.61, equivalent weight flow of 13.4 pounds per second. The maximum efficiency of 0.79 was obtained at an equivalent tip speed of 801 feet per second.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-SE9A31
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: A 0.1-size powered dynamic model of a large, high-speed flying boat was landed in Langley tank no. 1 into oncoming waves 4 feet high (full size). The model was tested with two afterbodies of differing lengths (4.12 and 6.63 beams). The short afterbody had a constant angle of dead rise of 22.5deg and a keel angle of 6.5deg. The long afterbody had warped dead rise and a keel angle of 8.5deg. The vertical accelerations were slightly greater and the maximum angular accelerations and maxim= trims were slightly less for the model with the long afterbody than for the model with -the short afterbody. A wave length of 210 feet (full size) imposed the highest accelerations on the model with either the long or the short afterbody.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-RM-SL9B09
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The inlet wide vanes for the supersonic compressor of the XJ55-FF-1 engine were studied as a separate component in order to determine the performance prior to installation in the compressor test rig. Turning angles approached design values, and increased approximately to through the inlet Mach number range from 0.30 to choke. A sharp break in turning angle was experienced when the choke condition was reached. The total-pressure loss through the guide vanes was approximately 1 percent for the unchoked conditions and from 5 to 6 percent when choked.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-RM-SE9E03
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: An investigation was conducted to determine the performance characteristics of the axial-flow supersonic compressor of the XJ55-FF-1 turbojet engine. An analysis of the performance of the rotor was made based on detailed flow measurements behind the rotor. The compressor apparently did not obtain the design normal-shock configuration in this investigation. A large redistribution of mass occurred toward the root of the rotor over the entire speed range; this condition was so acute at design speed that the tip sections were completely inoperative. The passage pressure recovery at maximum pressure ratio at 1614 feet per second varied from a maximum of 0.81 near the root to 0.53 near the tip, which indicated very poor efficiency of the flow process through the rotor. The results, however, indicated that the desired supersonic operation may be obtained by decreasing the effective contraction ratio of the rotor blade passage.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NACA-RM-SE9J14
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: During the past several years it has been necessary for aeronautical research workers to exert a good portion of their effort in developing the means for conducting research in the high-speed range. The transonic range particularly has presented a very acute problem because of the choking phenomena in wind tunnels at speeds close to the speed of sound. At the same time, the multiplicity of design problems for aircraft introduced by the peculiar flow problems of the transonic speed range has given rise to an enormous demand for detail design data. Substantial progress has been made, however, in developing the required research techniques and in supplying the demand for aerodynamic data required for design purposes. In meeting this demand, it has been necessary to resort to new techniques possessing such novel features that the results obtained have had to be viewed with caution. Furthermore, the kinds of measurements possible with these various techniques are so varied that the correlation of results obtained by different techniques generally becomes an indirect process that can only be accomplished in conjunction with the application of estimates of the extent to which the results of measurements by any given technique are modified by differences that are inherent in the techniques. Thus, in the establishment of the validity and applicability of data obtained by any given technique, direct comparisons between data from different sources are a supplement to but not a substitute for the detailed knowledge required of the characteristics of each technique and fundamental aerodynamic flow phenomena.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NASA-TM-X-56649 , NACA Conference on Aerodynamic Problems of Transonic Airplane Design; Sep 27, 1949 - Sep 29, 1949; Hampton, VA; United States
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Lately it has been proposed to reduce the friction drag of a body in a flow for the technically important large Reynolds numbers by the following expedient: the boundary layer, normally turbulent, is artificially kept laminar up to high Reynolds numbers by suction. The reduction in friction drag thus obtained is of the order of magnitude of 60 to 80 percent of the turbulent friction drag, since the latter, for large Reynolds numbers, is several times the laminar friction drag. In considering the idea mentioned one has first to consider whether suction is a possible means of keeping the boundary layer laminar. This question can be answered by a theoretical investigation of the stability of the laminar boundary layer with suction. A knowledge, as accurate as possible, of the velocity distribution in the laminar boundary layer with suction forms the starting point for the stability investigation. E. Schlichting recently gave a survey of the present state of calculation of the laminar boundary layer with suction.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: NACA-TM-1205 , Schriften der Deutschen Akademie der Luftfahrtforschung; 8; 1
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  • 34
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 8-17 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden gewisse Ähnlichkeiten zwischen Wolle und Bakterien festgestellt.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 35-38 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-Amino-5-n-propylthiazol und 2-Amino-4-n-butylthiazol wurden synthetisiert und auf ihre biologische Wirkung untersucht.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 50-55 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In Staubbeuteln von Lilium candidum wurde als Hauptpigment ein cis-Antheraxanthin gefunden, das gut krystallisiert, durch chlorwasserstoffhaltiges Chloroform in Mutatoxanthin und durch Jod und Belichtung teilweise in trans-Antheraxanthin übergeführt wird. Erst das erste in der Natur gefundene Carotinoid-epoxyd mit cis-Konfiguration.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 77-86 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Einwirkung von N-Bromsuccinimid auf Crotonaldehyd-diacetat entstand das γ-Bromcrotonaldehyd-diacetat. Diese Substanz liess sich in DL-Erythrit, in die stereoisomeren 2,3,4-Tribrom-butanaldiacetate, in Octadien-(2,6)-dial (1,8)-tetraacetat und in das Disemicarbazon- und Di-p-nitrophenylhydrazon des Fumardial-dehyds überführen.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 115-133 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. Es wird die Isolierung eines dijodtyrosinhaltigen und eines thyroxinhaltigen Polypeptids aus dem Schilddrüseneiweiss auf fermentativem Wege beschrieben.
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  • 39
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 149-153 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. Es wird eine Methode beschrieben, die es ermöglicht, den Oxyprolingehalt in kleinen Mengen Blut und Harn zu bestimmen.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 153-163 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. Es wurde bei der Ratte die Beeinflussung von 9 entbehrlichen Aminosäuren des Blutes durch verschiedene Ernährung geprüft.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 191-197 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird die Synthese des Δ5 β-Oxy-ätio-cholensäure-azids und dessen Kupplung mit Pferde- und Kaninchenserum beschrieben. Ein entsprechendes Δ5-3-Chlor-ätio-cholensäure-derivat konnte nicht in reiner Form isoliert werden. Allgemein aber erwies sich die Azidmethode als zur Herstellung von steroidkonjugierten Proteinen gut geeignet.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 235-238 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird ein einfacher, sicherer und empfindlicher Mikronachweis von organisch gebundenem Schwefel beschrieben. Etwa 0,5 mg Substanz werden in einer Kapillare durch Erhitzen mit Kaliumcarbonat-Magnesium-Gemisch reduziert und der Schwefelwasserstoff durch Bleiacetat nachgewiesen.
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    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pour nos essais, nous nous sommes servis d'une cellule d'électrolyse agencée de façon à permettre l'agitation de l'électrolyte, la mesure du volume d'hydrogéne dégagé, de la température et la détermination du potentiel cathodique.
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    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vereinfachte, von Cholestenon ausgehende Synthesen von 3β, 5-Dioxy-koprostan (VIII) und 3α, 5-Dioxy-koprostan (VII) werden beschrieben.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 293-315 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Coronilla glauca enthält ein kompliziertes Gemisch von Herzglykosiden, die sich aus verschiedenen Geninen und Glucose aufbauen. Bei der Einwirkung eines spezifischen Samenenzyms wird die Zucker-Aglykon-Bindung gelöst. Es ist unseres Wissens damit zum ersten Male ein spezifisches herzglykosidspaltendes Enzym, das sein Substrat bis zum Aglykon abbaut, bekannt geworden.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 489-505 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Einige reine Ester und Äther des Vitamins A wurden nach dem von uns früher beschriebenen Aufbauprinzip dargestellt. Die Schmelzpunkte der synthetischen Krystallisate stimmen mit den bekannten Schmelzpunkten der entsprechenden Vitamin-A-Präparate aus Leberölen überein. Die Wirksamkeit der Ester (Standard-β-Carotin) berechnet auf 1 g Vitamin-A-Alkohol betrug 3,3±0,6 Millionen i. E. Der Methyläther besitzt annähernd die gleiche und der Butyläther deutlich geringere Wirksamkeit. Der Phenyläther vom Smp. 90-91° ist wenig wirksam. Die molare Extinktion bei 325-328 mm̈ aller Präparate betrug ca. 50 000 und die molare Extinktion der Carr-Price-Messung gab ebenfalls gleiche Werte. Die molare Exaltation des Systems der konjugierten Doppelbindungen wurde übereinstimmend mit 16,5±0,6 bestimmt. Die Messung der Sauerstoffempfindlichkeit im Warburg-Apparat zeigt, dass die Ester beständiger sind als der Methyläther und der Vitamin-A-Alkohol. Die alkalische Hydrolyse der Ester verläuft erwartungsgemäss als Reaktion 2. Ordnung.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 544-552 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Reduktion der Cyclanon-isoxime mit Lithiumaluminiumhydrid in Äther bzw. Tetrahydro-furan wurden die Polymethylenimine mit 7- bis 21-gliedrigem Ring hergestellt.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 506-521 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Aufhebung des Asymmetriezentrums am Kohlenstoffatom 8 durch β-Aminocarbonsäure-Spaltung ergibt ein identisches Lactam aus Lysergsäure und Isolysergsäure, was zur Formulierung dieser Isomeren als Diastereomere führt. Ihre hydrierbare Doppelbindung wird auf Grund des Vergleichs der Absorptionsspektren in Δ9-10 festgelegt. Der Hofmann'sche Abbau, die Decarboxylierung und die Hydrierung von Lysergsäure und Isolysergsäure werden in Übereinstimmung mit dieser Auffassung formuliert. Für den Mechanismus der reversiblen Lysergsäure-Isolysergsäure-Umlagerung wird eine Erklärung gegeben.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 717-722 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Eine Verminderung von Gerinnungsfaktor V (Owren) kann bei Verwendung der Einphasenmethode nach Quick eine Reduktion des Prothrombins vortäuschen. Die erwähnte Bestimmungsmethode muss daher durch Zusatz von prothrombinfreiem, aber Faktor V-haltigem Plasma ergänzt werden. Die Angabe der Prothrombinkonzentration in Prozenten der Norm bedarf ebenfalls einer Revision unter Berücksichtigung der Wirkung von Faktor V. Die kritische Prothrombinkonzentration z. B., unterhalb welcher Spontanblutungen zu erwarten sind, liegt nicht, wie bisher angenommen, bei 20, sondern bei 5% Prothrombin.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 761-769 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Erhitzen von Androstan-3, β, 17α-diol mit wasserfreier Ameisensäure führte zum krystallisierten, beständigen 3β-Formyloxy-ψ-androsten. Durch seine Ozonisation und weitere Umwandlung bis zum Chrysen konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Doppelbindung im ψ-Androsten sich zwischen den Kohlenstoffatomen 13 und 17 befindet.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 757-761 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Le glucosane de Zea maïs, variété «Golden bantam», a été étudié au point de vue constitution, poids moléculaire et dégradation β-amylatique. Il ne se distingue pas du glycogène animal.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 692-702 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. Nach einem kurzen Überblick über die bisher angestellten Untersuchungen über die Landolt-Reaktion wird gezeigt, dass sich drei Typen dieses Vorganges unterscheiden lassen. Diese Aufteilung ergibt sich durch das Geschwindigkeitsverhältnis der drei simultanen Teilreaktionen (1) und (2) und (3). Der Umschlag erfolgt: bei Typ I, wenn das Reduktionsmittel total verbraucht ist (Totalreduktion); bei Typ II, wenn die Geschwindigkeit der Reaktionen (2) und (3) einander gleich werden (partielle Reduktion); bei Typ III, wenn [J'] die Empfindlichkeitsgrenze der Jodstärke-Reaktion erreicht, während Jod schon teilweise ausgeschieden ist (Jod-Vorlauf).
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 723-734 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wurde die Folgetitration von 10-3-m. KJ+10-3-m. KBr+10-3-m. KCl mit 10-1-m. AgNO3 unter Verwendung einer genau arbeitenden automatischen Potentialregistrierung durchgeführt. Um hierbei den Einfluss des zeitlichen Verlaufes möglichst ungestört beobachten zu können, wurde das Silbernitrat mit Hilfe einer automatischen Vorrichtung kontinuierlich zugeführt.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 744-756 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. Wir haben die Synthese des Citrullins aus Ornithin durch die Mitochondrienfraktion der Leber (Ratte) bei Gegenwart von Glutamin untersucht. Bei Glutaminkonzentrationen von 20-30 μ Mol/cm3 ist das Amid mit oder ohne Zusatz von Ammoniumsalzen der Glutaminsäure plus Ammoniumsalz stark überlegen. Bei kleinen Konzentrationen, unter 3 μ Mol/cm3 liefert aber die Glutaminsäure unter allen Umständen mehr Citrullin als das Glutamin. Es ist also wenig wahrscheinlich, dass das Glutamin eine direkte Zwischenstufe der Synthese ist. Die Wirksamkeit des Amids lässt sich andererseits aber nicht einfach durch die Hydrolyse der Säureamidgruppe erklären. Dieselbe scheint eine spezifische Funktion zu haben. Das Glutamin steht offenbar zu einem Zwischenglied der Citrullinsynthese in enger Beziehung.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 810-812 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zusammenfassend ergibt unsere Untersuchung über im Kindesalter gebildete Harnsteine: 1Im Gegensatz zu den später entstehenden Harnkonkrementen, welche weit bevorzugt Harnsäuresteine darstellen, fehlen Harnsäurebildungen unter den im Kindesalter auftretenden Harnsteinen.2Weit vorherrschend sind vielmehr Struvitsteine wobei diese im Nierenbecken und in den Harnleitern multipel auftreten. In einem Fall hatte sich - offenbar zur Ausnahme ein solitärer Struvitstein in der Harnblase um einen Fremdkörper (Nadel) gebildet. Struvitkonkremente finden sich häufig bei alkalischem Urim mit Cysto-Pyelitis, Oxalat- und Harnsäuresteine dagegen zumeist bei saurem Urin. Struvitsteine können leicht rezidivieren.3Alle Nichtstruvitsteine, nämlich solche aus Csytin, Calciumoxalat-Monohydrat und -Dihydrat, waren Solitärsteine, ersterer in der Harnblase, letztere dagegen im Nierenbecken.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 839-853 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. Die 4 Carboxylatgruppen des Anions Y-4 der Äthylendiamin-tetraessigsäure liegen in den Komplexionen [MY]z-4 im allgemeinen nicht alle im Zentralatom, so dass dieses noch eine Koordinationslücke aufweist, die einen Fremdliganden aufnehmen kann. Eine dieser Reaktionen, diejenige zwischen CoY-2 und CNS-, wurde mit Hilfe von Extinktionsmessungen untersucht, und es wurde gezeigt, wie man zur Kenntnis der Gleichgewichtskonstanten derartiger Reaktionen gelangen kann.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 877-880 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nous avons effectué la synthèse de l'acide ptéroylsulfoglutamique, produit semblable à l'acide folique, dans lequel le noyau benzoylé est remplacé par un noyau benzosulfoné. Cette synthèse a été effectuée avec la réductone comme produit intermédiaire.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 913-924 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Berücksichtigung aller genannten Regeln erhält man neben den Tabellen I bis III der einfachen Krystallklassen für Oh und Ih die bereits bekannten eindeutigen Charakterendarstellungen der Haupttabellen IV und V. Aus ihnen ergeben sich wiederum die Charakterendarstellungen der Untergruppen O, Th, Td, T bzw. I durch Kolonnenauswahl und Vereinigung der Zeilen mit gleichen zurückbleibenden Charakteren zu einem Typus. Damit ist in fünf Haupttabellen das gesamte Grundmaterial zur Gewinnung der symmetriebedingten Auswahlregeln zusammengefasst. Die nächste Aufgabe ist die der Berechnung der Freiheitsgrade, die in einer dritten Mitteilung erfolgt.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 957-960 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus den oberirdischen Organen des Sumpfschachtelhalms (Equisetum palustre) wurden Dimethylsulfon und Thymin isoliert. Für Dimethylsulfon ist dies das erste im Pflanzenreich festgestellte Vorkommen.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 979-984 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden Vereinfachungen in der Isolierungsmethode der Desoxyribonucleoside aus den Produkten der fermentativen Hydrolyse von Thymonucleinsäure mit Kälberdarm-Nucleotidase beschrieben. Die physikalischen Konstanten der isolierten Nucleoside waren z. T. von den in der Literatur beschriebenen verschieden.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1046-1052 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden die Lösungsspektren von Anilin-diessigsäure, Anthranilsäure-diessigsäure, ihrer verschiedenen Ionisationsstufen sowie ihrer Erdalkali- und Zink-Komplexe angegeben. Die Spektren erlauben eine eindeutige Aussage über die Struktur der Säuren und ihrer Ionisationsstufen in wässriger Lösung. Bei der Anilin-diessigsäure liegt die Aminosäureform und bei der Anthranilsäure-diessigsäure die Betainform vor.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1070-1074 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die α-Oxyde IIa und XIIIa des Allo-cholesterin-acetats und des Epi-allo-cholesterin-acetats werden beschrieben und der Beweis für die Konstitutionen dieser beiden Verbindungen erbracht. Die saure katalytische Hydrierung von Allo-cholesterin-β-oxyd (V) führte zu 3β, 4β-Dioxy-cholestan (VI), während die Reduktion desselben Oxyds V mit Lithiumaluminiumhydrid 3β,5-Dioxy-koprostan (III) liefert.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1102-1107 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Les différents facteurs influençant l'oxydation des oligosaccharides et polysaccharides par le periodate ont été étudiés. Il faut maintenir au cours de l'oxydation une température de 0° et un pH compris entre 4,2 et 5,8, pour éviter soit la saponification des esters formiques provenant des groupes réducteurs, soit la scission hydrolytique de polysaccharides oxydés.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1137-1143 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1151-1155 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: L'expérience a montré que, seules jusqu'à présent les techniques d'ozonolyse comportant la réduction de l'ozonide préparé en milieu sec conduisent, pour quelques produits possédant le groupement 〉 C = CH2 générateur d'aldéhyde formique, à des résultats analytiques à peu près satisfaisants. La technique de Doeuvre appartient à cette catégorie. Elle présente divers défauts opératoires et le présent travail a conduit à une micro-méthode exempte de plusieurs de ces défauts. Dans les conditions élaborées, les déterminations de la néo-γ-irone, de plusieurs de ses dérivés, et de l'acide dextro-pimarique, sont satisfaisantes.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1163-1163 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1166-1175 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das Patulin besitzt nicht die allgemein angenommene Struktur eines Oxymethylen-tetrahydrocomansäure-Lactons I, sein Skelett muss vielmehr demjenigen der Tetrahydro-γ-pyronyl-(3)-essigsäure (VIII) entsprechen, so dass die Formeln II oder (nach Woodward) III wahrscheinlich erscheinen.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1306-1314 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reduktion von 20α, 21-Oxydo-17-iso-allopregnan-diol-(3β, 17 β)-monobenzoat-(3) mit Li[AlH4] gab das bekannte 17-Iso-allopregnan-triol-(3β, 17 β, 20α). Durch Hydrierung von 20β, 21-Oxydo-17-iso-allopregnan-diol-(3β, 17β)-monoacetat-(3) mit Li[AlH4] wurde das unbekannte 17-Iso-allopregnan-triol-(3β, 17β, 20β) hergestellt; dieses wurde durch sein Diacetat charakterisiert und seine Konstitution wurde durch Abbau zu Androstanol-(3β)-on-(17) bewiesen. Der bisher als dieses Triol bezeichnete Stoff erwies sich als Gemisch von zwei bekannten Verbindungen. Die früher festgelegte Konfiguration der 17-Iso-allopregnan-tetrole-(3β, 17β, 20,21) wurde durch diese Reaktionen erneut bestätigt.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1341-1344 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Konzentration von freiem Glykokoll und Serin in der Rattenleber lässt sich durch die Ernährung beeinflussen. Der Glykokollgehalt ist bei der Eiweissfütterung gering, während Kohlehydrat-und Fettkost ihn erheblich ansteigen lassen. Das Serin ist nur bei fettreicher Ernährung stark erhöht. Den tiefsten Stand erreicht es bei Eiweissfütterung; bei Kohlehydratfutter und im Hunger wurden mittlere Werte gefunden.
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus Tabelle 1 geht hervor, dass verschiedene Ernährung keinen deutlichen Einfluss auf die Gesamtkonzentration der freien Amino-säuren der Leber ausübt.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1360-1360 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1390-1402 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das Alkaloid Corynathein wurde durch Abbau mit Selen in eine Base C19H22N2, das Corynanthyrin, übergeführt. Durch Abbau letzterer Verbindung mit Ozon entstand ein Ozonid C19H22O3N2, das bei der Hydrolyse in ein Keton C19H22O2N2 überging. Letzteres liess sich hydrolytisch zu o-Aminopropiophenon und 3,4-Diäthylpyridin-6-carbonsäure aufspalten. Aus diesen Spaltstücken ergab sich die Konstitutionsformel des Corynanthyrins, die mit jener des Tetrabyrins nahe verwandt ist.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1433-1438 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die katalytische Hydrierung des Succinyldimalonesters wird beschrieben; sie verläuft nicht einheitlich und erweist sich nicht als geeigneter Weg, um zur Tetrahydrofuran-2,5-diessigsäure zu gelangen.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1517-1529 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Periplogenin wird in 3β,5,14,21-Tetroxy-14-iso-pregnanon-(20) übergeführt. Ausgehend von diesem Tetrol sowie dem bereits beschriebenen 3-Monoacetat wird eine Reihe von Pregnanderivaten bereitet, unter anderem Progesteron, Desoxycorticosteron-acetat, 14-Oxy-14-iso-11-desoxy-corticosteron-acetat. Der letztgenannte Stoff wurde in kleiner Ausbeute bereits früher aus Digitoxigenin bereitet. Er ist mit Corticosteron isomer, erwies sich aber im Everse-de-Fremery-Test als unwirksam.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1505-1512 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Le stilbène et deux de ses dérivés ont été soumis, à l'état dissous, à l'ozonation selon la méthode quantitative utilisée dans ce laboratoire.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1513-1517 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Hammett'sche Säurefunktion H0 wurde für das System Phosphorsäure/Wasser innerhalb eines Konzentrationsbereiches von 0-85% (Gewichtsprozent) Phosphorsäure bestimmt.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1599-1607 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die durch Abbau von Gamabufotalin-diacetat mit KMnO4 erhaltene Säure konnte eindeutig als 3β, 11α-Diacetoxy-14-oxy-14-iso-ätiocholansäure identifiziert werden. Damit ist die Konstitution und Konfiguration des Gamabufotalins bewiesen. Bei der oben genannten Oxydation entsteht ein krystallisiertes neutrales Nebenprodukt, dem die Konstitution des 3β,11α-Diacetoxy-14-oxy-14-iso-20-keto-pregnan-21-säure-Lactons-(21→14) zukommt.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1613-1617 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: DL-β-Methoxy-adipinsäure wurde mit Strychnin in die beiden optisch aktiven Antipoden gespalten. Sie zeigten in Chloroform eine spez. Drehung von [α]D18 = + 13,1° bzw. -14,5°. Zur Charakterisierung ist das Dianilid brauchbar.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1626-1632 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus den unverseifbaren Anteilen des „shea-nut“-öls wurde ein tetracyclischer, zweifach ungesättigter Triterpenalkohol C30H50O (II) isoliert, der eine reaktionsfähige, in einer Isopropylidengruppe liegende, und eine reaktionsträge, vollständig substituierte Doppelbindung besitzt. Durch Entfernen der Hydroxylgruppe und der hydrierbaren Doppelbindung von II wurde ein bisher unbekannter, tetracyclischer Kohlenwasserstoff C30H52 (IX) gewonnen. Der Alkohol II ist mit dem von I. Heilbron, E. R. H. Jones und P. A. Robins unlängst beschriebenen Butyrospermol identisch.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1653-1667 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. Bei der Umsetzung von Kupferoxyd bzw. Kupfer und Sauerstoff mit den Lösungen der Chloride von Nickel, Kobalt, Magnesium, Zink und Cadmium entstehen basische Doppelchloride der ungefähren stöchiometrischen Zusammensetzung 3 Cu(OH)2, MeCl2. Sie sind isomorph mit dem Kupferhydroxychlorid IIγ. Daraus folgt, dass sie nicht singulären Verbindungen entsprechen, sondern Glieder einer kontinuierlichen Mischkrystallreihe sind, d. h. dass im Kupferhydroxychlorid die Kupfer- durch andere Metallionen ersetzt werden können. Die einfach stöchiometrische Zusammensetzung ist auf die besonderen, bei der Herstellung herrschenden Verhältnisse zurückzuführen.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1692-1693 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Reduktion von Cumarin mit LiAlH4 entstand cis-o-Oxyzimtalkohol, durch Reduktion von o-Cumarsäure-äthylester 3-o-Oxyphenyl-propanol-(1).
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1689-1692 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird die Reindarstellung des Methylpteridinrotes beschrieben, welches durch Einwirkung verdünnter Schwefelsäure auf 2-Amino-6-oxy-8-methylpteridin entsteht.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1713-1722 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. Durch Vergleich des Spektrums des Dehydrierungskohlenwasserstoffs C20H22 aus „Isopropyl-nor-cassen“ mit jenen einiger Alkyl-phenanthrene, konnte geschlossen werden, dass ein trisubstituiertes Phenanthren, möglicherweise ein 1,2,8-Trialkyl-phenanthren vorliegt.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1784-1795 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: E. B. Wilson hat ein vereinfachtes Verfahren zur Berechnung der Normalschwingungen beliebiger Molekeln angegeben. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden für anschauliche innere Valenzkoordinaten die Elemente berechnet, die für einfache Molekelformen innerhalb dieses Verfahrens benötigt werden.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1798-1802 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: La conversion du méthyl-3-linalol en méthyl-3-citrals au moyen du réactif chromique peut être effectuée de plusieurs manières, également satisfaisantes à l'échelle du laboratoire, celle des nérolidols en farnésals également. On obtient principalement, à partir du nérolidol extrait de l'essence de cabreuva, et après purification par l'intermédiaire de la combinaison hydrogénosulfitique, un des farnésals isomères, défini par plusieurs dérivés cristallisés et par dégradation en la géranylacétone dont la semicarbazone F. 96-96,5° et la dinitro-2,4-phénylhydrazone F. 72-73°.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1815-1816 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1817-1818 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1940-1947 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mit Hilfe von Reagensgläsern aus Thüringer Glas, welche als Glaselektroden dienten, wurden unter Verwendung eines elektrostatischen Elektrometers als Nullinstrument eines Kompensationsgerätes Potentialmessungen an Natriumamalgamen gegen gesättigte NaCl-Lösung durchgeführt. Die Messungen erstreckten sich über einen Konzentrationsbereich von 0,6% bis 0,0005%.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1938-1940 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Synthese des 15-Äthylaxerophtens, ausgehend vom C18-Keton, wird beschrieben.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 1967-1974 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Kondensation von Äthoxalylketonen bzw. ihrer Natriumenolate mit Chloral entstehen αKeto-β-acyl-γ-trichlormethyl-γ-lactone. Die Konstitution dieser Substanzen ergibt sich auf Grund ihrer Eigenschaften, welche denjenigen einer Reihe früher von uns aus den entsprechenden Äthoxalylverbindungen und Fettaldehyden dargestellter α-Keto-γ-lactone analog sind.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 2003-2009 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ein Vorversuch zur Synthese optisch aktiver β-Methoxy-adipinsäure aus L-Äpfelsäure lieferte unreine rechtsdrehende Säure, die als Dianilid isoliert werden konnte. Dieses Resultat spricht dafür, dass die bisherigen Raumformeln in der Sterinreihe nicht mit der gebräuchlichen Fischer'schen Definition der Zucker-Reihe Übereinstimmen.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 2038-2044 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Viene descritta la sintesi di una nuova provitamina D, il Δ5,7-Norcolestadien-3 β-ol, a partire da una sterina con catena laterale rettilinea e satura. È stato pure isolato e caratterizzato un isomero della nuova provitamina, il Δ4,6-Norcolestadien-3 β-olo presente nelle acque madri.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 2137-2144 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Herstellung von 1,4-Dimethyl-6-isopropyl-indan (XI) aus m-Cymol wird beschrieben. Nach der Diazoessigester-Methode wird daraus ein Azulen-Gemisch erhalten, in welchem Guaj-azulen (XII) nur in kleiner Menge vorhanden ist.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 2171-2173 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: La fraction cétonique de l'huile essentielle d'iris, isolée au moyen du réactif P de Girard et Sandulesco (chlorure d'acétohydrazide-pyridinium) renferme, outre les irones, de l'acétophénone, une cétone α-éthénique C10H16O, de l'acétovératrone (diméthoxy-3,4-acétophénone) et une hydroxycétone C14H24O2 α-éthénique, qui pourrait être une hydroxy-dihydro-irone.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 2198-2204 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wurde gezeigt, dass sich mit Hilfe gewisser Infrarot-Frequenzen der Gehalt des natürlichen Irons an der γ-Form recht genau ausrechnen lässt. Dieser Methode kommt eine allgemeine Bedeutung zu in allen ähnlichen Fällen, wo wenigstens eine Komponente eines zu analysierenden Gemisches in reiner Form bekannt ist.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 2208-2208 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 2226-2240 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das aus den Blättern von Buxus sempervirens L. isolierte Alkaloid A von der Zusammensetzung C25H42ON2 enthält als funktionelle Gruppen zwei NHCH3-Gruppierungen und eine alkoholische Hydroxylgruppe.
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 2294-2298 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus röntgenographischen und morphologischen Untersuchungen ergibt sich, dass die verschiedenen Formen von β-Zinkhydroxyd zwei besonderen Modifikationen, β1 und β2, zuzuordnen sind, β1 bildet sich in neutralem, β2 in schwach alkalischen Milieu. Beide Modifikationen besitzen ein Schichtengitter mit gleichem Schichtenabstand.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 32 (1949), S. 2318-2327 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. Der Butanoliden-γ-essigsäuremethylester (5-Oxo-tetrahydrofuryliden-(2)-essigester) und der entsprechende Äthylester werden synthetisiert. Ihre Konstitution wird besonders durch die Hydrierung, die Oxydation, die Hydrolyse und die Farbreaktionen bewiesen. Da der Äthylester mit der von A. Beckera als solcher betrachteten Substanz nicht identisch ist, muss letzterer eine andere Struktur zukommen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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