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Note: In kyrill. Schr.

Note: Ersch. unregelmäßig , Beiträge teilweise in Englisch

Note: Enth.: Introduction -- Pt. 2. Union of South Africa from Olifants River to Mossel Bay. With an appendix on conditions at Saldanha Bay, Cape Town and Simonstown -- Pt. 3. Union of South Africa from Mossel Bay to East London.With an appendix on conditions oat Mossel Bay and Port Elizabeth -- Pt. 4. Union of South Africa from East London to Kosi Bay.With an appendix on conditions at East London and Durban -- Pt. 5. Portuguese East Africa (Mocambique) and Mocambique Channel -- Pt. 5a. Madagascar. With an appendix on conditions at Mayotte, Diégo Suarez, Nossi Bé and Tamatave

Note: Contents: Contributors. - Preface. - Acknowledgements. - PART I SETTING THE SCENE. - 1. Introduction: Why Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Prediction (S2S)? / Frédéric Vitart, Andrew W. Robertson. - 1 History of Numerical Weather and Climate Forecasting. - 2 Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Forecasting. - 3 Recent National and International Efforts on Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Prediction. - 4 Structure of This Book. - 2. Weather Forecasting: What Sets the Forecast Skill Horizon? / Zoltan Toth, Roberto Buizza. - 1 Introduction. - 2 The Basics of Numerical Weather Prediction. - 3 The Evolution of NWP Technique. - 4 Enhancement of Predictable signals. - 5 Ensemble Techniques: Brief Introduction. - 6 Expanding the forecast skill Horizon. - 7 Concludmg Remarks: Lessons for S2S Forecasting. - Acknowledgements. - 3. Weather Within Climate: Sub-seasonal Predictability of Tropical Daily Rainfall Characteristics / Vincent Moron, Andrew W. Robertson, Lei Wang. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Data and Methods. - 3 Results. - 4 Discussion and Concluding Remarks. - 4. Identifying Wave Processes Associated With Predictability Across Time Scales: An Empirical Normal Mode Approach / Gilbert Brunet, John Methven. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Partitioning Atmospheric Behavior Using Its Conservation Properties. - 3 The ENM Approach to Observed Data and Models and Its Relevance to S2S Dynamics and Predictability. - 4 Conclusion. - Acknowledgments. - PART II SOURCES OF S2S PREDICTABILITY. - 5. The Madden-Julian Oscillation / Steven J. Woolnough. - 1 Introduction. - 2 The Real-Time Multivariate MJO Index. - 3 Observed MJO Structure. - 4 The Relationship Between the MJO and Tropical and Extratropical Weather. - 5 Theories and Mechanisms for MJO Initiation, Maintenance, and Propagation. - 6 The Representation of the MJO in Weather and Climate Models. - 7 MJO Prediction. - 8 Future Priorities for MJO Research for S2S Prediction. - Acknowledgments. - 6. Extratropical Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Oscillations and Multiple Regimes: The Dynamical Systems View / Michael Ghil, Andreas Groth, Dmitri Kondrashov, Andrew W. Robertson. - 1 Introduction and Motivation. - 2 Multiple Midlatitude Regimes and Low-Frequency Oscillations. - 3 Extratropical Oscillations in the S2S Band. - 4 Low-Order, Data-Driven Modeling, Dynamical Analysis, and Prediction. - 5 Concluding Remarks. - Acknowledgments. - 7. Tropical-Extratropical Interactions and Teleconnections / Hai Lin, Jorgen Frederiksen, David Straus, Christiana Stan. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Tropical Influence on the Extratropical Atmosphere. - 3 Extratropical Influence on the Tropics. - 4 Tropical-Extratropical, Two-Way Interactions. - 5 Summary and Discussion. - Appendix. Technical Matters Relating to Section 4.2. - 8. Land Surface Processes Relevant to Sub-seasonal to Seasonal (S2S) Prediction / Paul A. Dirmeyer, Pierre Gentine, Michael B. Ek, Gianpaolo Balsamo. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Process of Land-Atmosphere Interaction. - 3 A Brief History of Land-Surface Models. - 4 Predictability and Prediction. - 5 Improving Land-Driven Prediction. - 9. Midlatitude Mesoscale Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction and Its Relevance to S2S Prediction / R. Saravanan, P. Chang. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Data and Models. - 3 Mesoscale Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer. - 4 Local Tropospheric Response. - 5 Remote Tropospheric Response. - 6 Impact on Ocean Circulation. - 7 Implications for S2S Prediction. - 8 Summary and Conclusions. - Acknowledgments. - 10. The Role of Sea Ice in Sub-seasonal Predictability / Matthieu Chevallier, François Massonnet, Helge Goessling, Virginie Guémas, Thomas Jung. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Sea Ice in the Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean System. - 3 Sea Ice Distribution, Seasonality, and Variability. - 4 Sources of Sea Ice Predictability at the Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Timescale. - 5 Sea Ice Sub-seasonal to Seasonal - Predictability and Prediction Skill in Models. - 6 Impact of Sea Ice on Sub-seasonal Predictability. - 7 Concluding Remarks. - Acknowledgments. - 11. Sub-seasonal Predictability and the Stratosphere / Amy Butler, Andrew Charlton-Perez, Daniela I. V. Domeisen, Chaim Garfinkel, Edwin P. Gerber, Peter Hitchcock, Alexey Yu. Karpechko, Amanda C. Maycock, Michael Sigmond, Isla Simpson, Seok-Woo Son. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Stratosphere-Troposphere Coup ling in the Tropics. - 3 Stratosphere-Troposphere Coupling in the Extratropics. - 4 Predictability Related to Extratropical Stratosphere-Troposphere Coupling. - 5 Summary and Outlook. - PART Ill S2S MODELING AND FORECASTING. - 12. Forecast System Design, Configuration, and Complexity / Yuhei Takaya. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Requirements and Constraints of the Operational Sub-seasonal Forecast. - 3 Effect of Ensemble Size and Lagged Ensemble. - 4 Real-Time Forecast Configuration. - 5 Reforecast Configuration. - 6 Summary and Concluding Remarks. - Acknowledgments. - 13. Ensemble Generation: The TIGGE and S2S Ensembles / Roberto Buizza. - 1 Global Sub-seasonal and Seasonal Prediction Is an Initial Value Problem. - 2 Ensembles Provide More Complete and Valuable Information Than Single States. - 3 A Brief Introduction to Data Assimilation. - 4 A Brief Introduction to Model Uncertainty Simulation. - 5 An Overview of Operational, Global, Sub-seasonal, and Seasonal Ensembles, and Their Initialization and Generation Methods. - 6 Ensembles: Considerations About Their Future. - 7 Summary and Key Lessons. - 14. GCMs With Full Representation of Cloud Microphysics and Their MJO Simulations / In-Sik Kang, Min-Seop Ahn, Hiroaki Miura, Aneesh Subramanian. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Global CRM. - 3 Superparameterized GCM. - 4 GCM With Full Representation of Cloud Microphysics and Scale-Adaptive Convection. - 5 Summary and Conclusion. - Acknowledgments. - 15. Forecast Recalibration and Multimodel Combination / Stefan Siegert, David B. Stephenson. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Statistical Methods for Forecast Recalibration. - 3 Regression Methods. - 4 Forecast Combination. - 5 Concluding Remarks. - Acknowledgments. - 16. Forecast Verification for S2S Timescales / Caio A. S. Coelho, Barbara Brown, Laurie Wilson, Marion Mittermaier, Barbara Casati. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Factors Affecting the Design of Verification Studies. - 3 Observational References. - 4 Review of the Most Common Verification Measures. - 5 Types of S2S Forecasts and Current Verification Practices. - 6 Summary, Challenges, and Recommendations in S2S Verification. - PART IV S2S APPLICATIONS. - 17. Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Prediction of Weather Extremes / Frédérik Vitart, Christopher Cunningham, Michael Deflorio, Emanuel Dutra, Laura Ferranti, Brian Golding, Debra Hudson, Charles Jones, Christophe Lavaysse, Joanne Robbins, Michael K. Tippett. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Prediction of Large-Scale, Long-Lasting Extreme Events. - 3 Prediction of Mesoscale Events. - 4 Display and Verification of Sub-seasonal Forecasts of Extreme Events. - 5 Conclusions. - 18. Pilot Experiences in Using Seamless Forecasts for Early Action: The "Ready-Set-Go!" Approach in the Red Cross / Juan Bazo, Roop Singh, Mathieu Destrooper, Erin Coughlan de Perez. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Why Sub-seasonal?. - 3 Case Study: Peru El Niño. - 4 Reflections on the Use of S2S Forecasts. - 5 Conclusions. - 19. Communication and Dissemination of Forecasts and Engaging User Communities / Joanne Robbins, Christopher Cunningham, Rutger Dankers, Matthew Degennaro, Giovanni Dolif, Robyn Duell, Victor Marchezini, Brian Mills, Juan Pablo Sarmiento, Amber Silver, Rachel Trajber, Andrew Watkins. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Sector-Specific Methods and Practices in S2S Forecast Communication, Dissemination, and Engagement. - 3 Guiding principles for improved communication Practices. - 4 Summary and Recommendations for Future Research. - 20. Seamless Prediction of Monsoon Onset and Active/Break Phases / A.

Note: Introduction: networks and human behavior -- Power and influence: central positions in networks -- Diffusion and contagion -- Too connected to fail: financial networks -- Homophily: houses divided -- Immobility and inequality: network feedback and poverty traps -- The wisdom and folly of the crowd -- The influence of our friends and our local network structures -- Globalization: our changing networks.

Note: Contents: Introduction Robert N. Stavins ---- PART I OVERVIEW AND PRINCIPLES ---- 1. Don Fullerton and Robert Stavins (1998), ‘How economists see the environment’, Nature, 395, October, 433–4 ---- 2. R. H. Coase (1960), ‘The problem of social cost’, Journal of Law and Economics, 3, October, 1–44 ---- PART II THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ---- 3. Antoine Dechezleprêtre and Misato Sato (2017), ‘The impacts of environmental regulations on competitiveness’, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 11 (2), July, 183–206 ---- 4. Trudy Ann Cameron (2010), ‘Euthanizing the value of a statistical life’, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 4 (2), July, 161–78 ---- 5. Richard T. Carson (2012), ‘Contingent valuation: a practical alternative when prices aren’t available’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 26 (4), Fall, 27–42 ---- 6. Catherine L. Kling, Daniel J. Phaneuf and Jinhua Zhao (2012), ‘From Exxon to BP: has some number become better than no number?’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 26 (4), Fall, 3–26 ---- 7. Jerry Hausman (2012), ‘Contingent valuation: from dubious to hopeless’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 26 (4), Fall, 43–56 ---- PART III THE GOALS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY: ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND BENEFIT–COST ANALYSIS ---- 8. Kenneth J. Arrow, Maureen L. Cropper, George C. Eads, Robert W. Hahn, Lester B. Lave, Roger G. Noll, Paul R. Portney, Milton Russell, Richard Schmalensee, V. Kerry Smith and Robert N. Stavins (1996), ‘Is there a role for benefit-cost analysis in environmental, health, and safety regulation?’ Science, 272 (5259), April, 221–2 ---- 9. Lawrence H. Goulder and Robert N. Stavins (2002), ‘An eye on the future’, Nature, 419, October, 673–4 ---- 10. K. Arrow, M. Cropper, C. Gollier, B. Groom, G. Heal, R. Newell, W. Nordhaus, R. Pindyck, W. Pizer, P. Portney, T. Sterner, R. S. J. Tol and M. Weitzman (2013), ‘Determining benefits and costs for future generations’, Science, 341 (6144), July, 349–50 ---- 11. Ted Gayer and W. Kip Viscusi (2016), ‘Resisting abuses of benefit–cost analysis’, National Affairs, 35, Spring, 59–71 ---- PART IV THE MEANS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY: COST EFFECTIVENESS AND MARKET-BASED INSTRUMENTS ---- 12. Richard Schmalensee and Robert N. Stavins (2017), ‘Lessons learned from three decades of experience with cap and trade’, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 11 (1), Winter, 59–79 ---- 13. Richard Schmalensee and Robert N. Stavins (2013), ‘The SO2 allowance trading system: the ironic history of a grand policy experiment’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 27 (1), Winter, 103–22 ---- 14. Karen Fisher-Vanden and Sheila Olmstead (2013), ‘Moving pollution trading from air to water: potential, problems, and prognosis’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 27 (1), Winter, 147–72 ---- PART V ECONOMICS OF NATURAL RESOURCES ---- 15. Robert M. Solow (1974), ‘The economics of resources or the resources of economics’, American Economic Review, 64 (2), May, 1–14 ---- 16. Thomas Covert, Michael Greenstone and Christopher R. Knittel (2016), ‘Will we ever stop using fossil fuels?’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 30 (1), Winter, 117–38 ---- 17. Sheila M. Olmstead (2010), ‘The economics of managing scarce water resources’, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 4 (2), Summer, 179–98 ---- 18. Severin Borenstein (2012), ‘The private and public economics of renewable electricity generation’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 26 (1), Winter, 67–92 ---- PART VI GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ---- 19. Joseph E. Aldy, Alan J. Krupnick, Richard G. Newell, Ian W. H. Parry and William A. Pizer (2010), ‘Designing climate mitigation policy’, Journal of Economic Literature, 48 (4), December, 903–34 ---- 20. William Nordhaus (2007), ‘Critical assumptions in the Stern Review on climate change’, Science, 317 (5835), July, 201–2 ---- 21. Nicholas Stern and Chris Taylor (2007), ‘Climate change: risk, ethics, and the Stern Review’, Science, 317 (5835), July, 203–4 ---- 22. Richard G. Newell, William A. Pizer and Daniel Raimi (2013), ‘Carbon markets 15 years after Kyoto: lessons learned, new challenges’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 27 (1), Winter, 123–46 ---- 23. Daniel M. Bodansky, Seth A. Hoedl, Gilbert E. Metcalf and Robert N. Stavins (2016), ‘Facilitating linkage of climate policies through the Paris outcome’, Climate Policy, 16 (8), 956–72 ---- 24. Richard S. J. Tol (2018), ‘The economic impacts of climate change’, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 12 (1), Winter, 4–25 ---- PART VII SUSTAINABILITY, THE COMMONS, AND GLOBALIZATION ---- 25. Robert M. Solow (1992), ‘Sustainability: an economist’s perspective’,National Geographic: Research and Exploration, 8, 10–21 ---- 26. Elinor Ostrom (2009), ‘A general framework for analyzing sustainability of social-ecological systems’, Science, 325 (5939), July, 419–22 ---- 27. Robert N. Stavins (2011), ‘The problem of the commons: still unsettled after 100 years’, American Economic Review, 101 (1), February, 81–108 ---- 28. Forest L. Reinhardt, Robert N. Stavins and Richard H. K. Vietor (2008), ‘Corporate social responsibility through an economic lens’, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 2 (2), Summer, 219–39 ---- 29. Michael Greenstone and B. Kelsey Jack (2018), ‘Environmental economics in developing countries: an emerging field’ ---- PART VIII BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS AND THE ENVIRONMENT ---- 30. Jason F. Shogren and Laura O. Taylor (2008), ‘On behavioral-environmental economics’, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 2 (1), Winter, 26–44 ---- 31. Cass R. Sunstein and Lucia A. Reisch (2014), ‘Automatically green: behavioural economics and environmental protection’, Harvard Environmental Law Review, 38 (1), 127–58 ---- 32. Todd D. Gerarden, Richard G. Newell and Robert N. Stavins (2017), ‘Assessing the energy-efficiency gap’, Journal of Economic Literature, 55 (4), December, 1486–525 ---- PART IX ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY MAKING ---- 33. A. Myrick Freeman III (2002), ‘Environmental policy since Earth Day I: what have we gained?’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16 (1), Winter, 125–46 ---- 34. Robert W. Hahn (2000), ‘The impact of economics on environmental policy’, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 39 (3),May, 375–99

Note: Dissertation, Universität Potsdam, 2019 , Table of Contents Abstract Zusammenfassung Abbreviations 1 Introduction 1.1 Scientific Background and Motivation 1.1.1 Arctic Tundra Vegetation 1.1.2 Remote Sensing of Arctic Tundra Vegetation 1.1.3 Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Arctic Vegetation 1.2 Aims and Objectives 1.3 Study Area and Data 1.3.1 Toolik Lake Research Natural Area 1.3.2 In-situ Canopy-level Spectral Data 1.3.3 True-colour Digital Photographs 1.3.4 Leaf-level Photosynthetic Pigment Data 1.3.5 Airborne AISA Imagery 1.3.6 Simulated EnMAP and Sentinel-2 Reflectance Spectra 1.3.7 Simulated EnMAP Imagery 1.4 Thesis Structure and Author Contributions 1.4.1 Chapter 2 -A Phenological Approach to Spectral Differentiation of Low-Arctic Tundra Vegetation Communities, North Slope Alaska 1.4.2 Chapter 3 -Monitoring Pigment-driven Vegetation Changes in a Low Arctic Tundra Ecosystem Using Digital Cameras 1.4.3 Implications of Litter and Non-vascular Components on Multiscale Hyperspectral Data in a low-Arctic Ecosystem 2 A Phenological Approach to Spectral Differentiation of Low Arctic Tundra Vegetation Communities, North Slope Alaska 2.1 Abstract 2.2 Introduction 2.3 Materials and Methods 2.3.1 Study Site and Low Arctic Vegetation Types 2.3.2 Ground-Based Data and Sampling Protocol 2.3.3 EnMAP and Sentinel-2 Surface Reflectance Simulation 2.3.4 Stable Wavelength Identification Using the InStability Index 2.4 Results 2.4.1 Spectral Characteristics by Phenological Phase 2.4.2 InStability Index and Wavelength Selection of Ground-based Spectra 2.4.3 InStability Index and Wavelength Selection of Simulated Satellite Reflectance Spectra 2.5 Discussion 2.5.1 Phenological Phase and Wavelength Stability of Ground-based Spectra 2.5.2 Phenological Phase and Wavelength Stability of Satellite Resampled Spectra 2.5.3 Influence of Spatial Scale 2.6 Conclusions 2.7 Acknowledgements 2.8 Supplementary Material 2.8.1 Data Publication 3 Monitoring Pigment-driven Vegetation Changes in a Low Arctic Tundra Ecosystem Using Digital Cameras 3.1 Abstract 3.2 Introduction 3.3 Methods 3.3.1 Study Site 3.3.2 Digital Photographs 3.3.3 Field-based Spectral Data 3.3.4 Vegetation Pigment Concentration 3.3.5 Data Analyses 3.4 Results 3.4.1 RGB Indices as a Surrogate for Pigment-driven Spectral Indices 3.4.2 RGB Indices as a Surrogate for Leaf-level Pigment concentration 3.5 Discussion 3.6 Conclusions 3.7 Supplementary Material 3.7.1 Data Publication 4 Implications of Litter and Non-vascular Components on Multiscale Hyperspectral Data in a Low Arctic Ecosystem 4.1 Abstract 4.2 Introduction 4.3 Materials and Methods 4.3.1 Study Site 4.4 Remote Sensing Data 4.4.1 Ground-based Image Spectroscopy Data 4.4.2 Airborne AISA Hyperspectral Data 4.4.3 EnMAP Simulation 4.4.4 Spectral Comparison by Wavelength 4.4.5 Linear Mixture Analysis 4.5 Results 4.5.1 Spatial Scaling of Spectral Signals 4.6 Discussion 4.7 Conclusions 4.8 Acknowledgements 5 Synthesis and Discussion 5.1 Phenological Phase: does phenology influence the spectral variability of dominant low Arctic vegetation communities? 5.2 Vegetation Colour: How does canopy-level vegetation colour relate to phenological changes in leaf-level photosynthetic pigment concentration? 5.3 Intrinsic Ecosystem Components: How does spatial aggregation of high spectral resolution data influence low Arctic tundra vegetation signals? 5.4 Key Innovations 5.5 Limitations and Technical Considerations 5.6 Outlook: Opportunities for Future Research 6 References Acknowledgements

Note: I. Single Degree of Freedom Systems 1. Equations of Motion, Problem Statement, and Solution Methods 2. Free Vibration 3. Response to Harmonic and Periodic Excitations 4. Response to Arbitrary, Step, and Pulse Excitations 5. Numerical Evaluation of Dynamic Response 6. Earthquake Response of Linear Systems 7. Earthquake Response of Inelastic Systems 8. Generalized Single-Degree-of-Freedom Systems II. Multi Degree of Freedom Systems 9. Equations of Motion, Problem Statement, and Solution Methods 10. Free Vibration 11. Damping in Structures 12. Dynamic Analysis and Response of Linear Systems 13. Earthquake Analysis of Linear Systems 14. Analysis of Nonclassically Damped Linear Systems 15. Reduction of Degrees of Freedom 16. Numerical Evaluation of Dynamic Response 17. Systems with Distributed Mass and Elasticity 18. Introduction to the Finite Element Method III. Earthquake Response, Design, and Evaluation of Multistory Buildings 19. Earthquake Response of Linearly Elastic Buildings 20. Earthquake Analysis and Response of Inelastic Buildings 21. Earthquake Dynamics of Base-Isolated Buildings 22. Structural Dynamics in Building Codes 23. Structural Dynamics in Building Evaluation Guidelines

Note: Contents OFTERDINGER, U., MACDONALD, A. M., COMTE, J.-C. & YOUNG, M. E. Groundwater in fracturedbedrock environments: managing catchment and subsurface resources–an introduction .....1 FOUCHÉ, O., YAO,TH. K., OGA, M.-S. Y. & SORO, N. Typology of hard rock ground waterswithin the Lower Sassandra, a main catchment in humid tropical West Africa .....................................11 COMTE, J.-C., OFTERDINGER, U., LEGCHENKO, A., CAULFIELD, J., CASSIDY,R.&MÉZQUITAGONZÁLEZ, J. A. Catchment-scale heterogeneity offlow and storage propertiesin a weathered/fractured hard rock aquifer from resistivity and magnetic resonance surveys: implications for groundwaterflow paths and the distribution of residence times ........................................................................35 VASSEUR,G.&LACHASSAGNE, P. Evaluation of the geothermal effects caused by the weatheringof crystalline rocks ....................59 MACDONALD,A.M.&DAVIES, J. Fractures in shale: the significance of igneous intrusions forgroundwaterflow .....................................71 DICKSON, N. E. M., COMTE, J.-C., KOUSSOUBE, Y., OFTERDINGER,U.S.&VOUILLAMOZ, J.-M.Analysis and numerical modelling of large-scale controls on aquifer structure andhydrogeological properties in the African basement (Benin, West Africa) .....................................................................................81 PARKER, B. L., CHAPMAN, S. W., GOLDSTEIN,K.J.&CHERRY, J. A. Multiple lines offieldevidence to inform fracture network connectivity at a shale site contaminated with densenon-aqueous phase liquids ..........................................................................101 STROEBEL, D. H., THIART,C.&DEWIT, M. Towards defining a baseline status of scarcegroundwater resources in anticipation of hydraulic fracturing in the Eastern Cape Karoo,South Africa: salinity, aquifer yields and groundwater levels ........................................129 BAIOCCHI, A., LOTTI, F., PISCOPO,V.&SAMMASSIMO, V. Hard-rock aquifer response topumping and sustainable yield of wells in some areas of Mediterranean Region ........................................147 NEWTON, C. J. Fracture and conduit controls on groundwater movementin the Carboniferous Limestone of the eastern Mendip Hills, Somerset, England .........................................................161 KENNEL,J.R.&PARKER, B. L. Acoustic televiewer amplitude data for porosity estimationwith application to porewater conversion ....177 BELLE, P., LACHASSAGNE, P., MATHIEU, F., BARBET, C., BRISSET,N.&GOURRY, J.-C.Characterization and location of the laminated layer within hard rock weathering profilesfrom electrical resistivity tomography: implications for water well siting ..............187 PARKER, B. L., BAIROS, K., MALDANER, C. H., CHAPMAN, S. W., TURNER, C. M.,BURNS, L. S., PLETT, J., CARTER, R.&CHERRY, J. A. Metolachlor dense non-aqueous phaseliquid source conditions and plume attenuation in a dolostone water supply aquifer ................................................................207 ADEKILE,D.&CARTER, R. James Robert Temple Hazell: A Pioneer of African Hydrogeology ...........................................................237 Index .....................................................................................245

Note: Contents: 1 Religion: It's a market ; 2 What determines religiousness ; 3 Religion and economic growth ; 4 Islam and economic growth ; 5 State religion ; 6 Religious clubs, terrorist organizations, and Tibetan Buddhism ; 7 When saints come marching in ; 8 The wealth of religions

Note: Contents: 1 Trajectories: or common patterns of growth ; 2 Nature: or growth of living matter ; 3 Energies: or growth of primary and secondary converters ; 4 Artifacts: or growth of man-made objects an their performances ; 5 Populations, Societies, Economies: or growth of the most complex assemblies ; 6 What comes after growth: or demise and continuity ; Coda

Note: Introduction to the hydrologic cycle and drought -- Global hydroclimatology -- Drought in the climate system -- Drought and hydroclimate variability in the Holocene -- Climate change and drought -- Case studies: the Dust Bowl and the Sahel drought -- Desertification and land degradation -- Groundwater and irrigation.

Note: Dissertation, Universität Potsdam, 2019 , Table of Contents Abstract Zusammenfassung 1 Introduction 1.1 Scientific background 1.1.1 Permafrost - terrestrial and subsea 1.1.2 Subsea permafrost distribution 1.1.3 Relevance in the context of a changing Arctic 1.1.4 Influences on subsea permafrost 1.2 Hypotheses and objectives 1.3 Thesis organization 2 Detection of subsea permafrost degradation rates 2.1 An overview of geophysical methods and studies in subsea permafrost 2.2 Geophysical objectives 2.3 Passive seismic techniques 2.3.1 H/V passive seismics 2.3.2 Passive seismic interferometry 2.4 Instrument design & marine tests on Sylt 2.5 Arctic feasibility test site around Muostakh Island 2.6 Arctic deployment for wide area detection around Muostakh Island 3 Modelling of subsea permafrost degradation processes 3.1 An overview on subsea permafrost modelling 3.2 Salt distribution- mechanisms beyond diffusional transport 3.3 Open questions in salt transport and permafrost degradation 3.4 Modelling objectives 3.5 Study sites 3.5.1 Primary study site: Cape Mamontov Klyk 3.5.2 Secondary study sites: Buor Khaya & Muostakh Island 3.6 Developing a model for subsea permafrost 3.6.1 Thermal regime of the subsurface: governing equations of conductive heat transfer 3.6.2 Model definitions: concentration and thaw depth 3.6.3 Saline effect on the state of permafrost 3.6.4 Salt transport: governing equation & parameterizations 3.6.5 Modelling approach 3.6.6 Model testing 3. 7 Results: Influence of model parameters on subsea permafrost degradation 3.8 Discussion and implications 3.8.1 Modelled inundation parameters 3.8.2 Further factors affecting subsea permafrost degradation 3.8.3 Implications 4 From local to regional scale: Amending sparsely distributed temperature records 4.1 An overview of borehole temperature reconstruction . 4.2 On the transferability of ground to air temperatures . 4.3 Reconstruction objectives 4.4 Borehole sites and climate 4.5 Borehole temperatures 4.6 Inversion method 4.6.1 Forward model 4.6.2 Optimization 4.6.3 Sensitivity analysis 4.7 Results and discussion of the reconstruction from the permafrost boreholes 4.7.1 Recoverable period 4.7.2 Optimization 4.7.3 Surface temperature reconstructions and fit 4.7.4 Inversion method's impact on character of solution & sensitivity to temperature history parameterization 4.8 Discussion of spatial differences and implications 4.8.1 Comparison to other temperature data 4.8.2 Site differences 4.8.3 Methodological considerations 4.8.4 Implications 5 Conclusion and outlook 5.1 Outlook Appendices A Modelling tests for H/V method configuration Bibliography Acknowledgements

Note: Part I. Physical Properties of Unconventional Reservoirs: 1. Introduction; 2. Composition, fabric, elastic properties and anisotropy; 3. Strength and ductility; 4. Frictional properties; 5. Pore networks and pore fluids; 6. Flow and sorption; 7. Stress, pore pressure, fractures and faults; Part II. Stimulating Production from Unconventional Rservoirs: 8. Horizontal drilling and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing; 9. Reservoir seismology; 10. Induced shear slip during hydraulic fracturing; 11. Geomechanics and stimulation optimization; 12. Production and depletion; Part III. Environmental Impacts and Induced Seismicity: 13. Environmental impacts and induced seismicity; 14. Managing the risk of injection-induced seismicity; References; Index.

Note: SECTION I TYPES OF DEMOCRATIC INNOVATION 1. Defining and typologising democratic innovations 11 Stephen Elstub and Oliver Escobar 2. Democratic innovations and theories of democracy 32 Ian O'Flynn 3. Mini-publics: design choices and legitimacy 45 Clodagh Harris 4. Collaborative governance: between invited and invented spaces 60 Sonia Bussu 5. The long journey of participatory budgeting 77 Ernesto Ganuza and Gianpaolo Baiocchi 6. Referendums and citizens' initiatives 90 Maija Jaske and Maija Setala 7. Digital participation 105 Hollie Russon Gilman and Tiago Carneiro Peixoto SECTION II DEMOCRATIC INNOVATIONS AND THE DEMOCRATIC MALAISE 8. Does political trust matter? 120 Gerry Stoker and Mark Evans 9. Accountability and democratic innovations 135 Albert Weale 10. Anti-politics and democratic innovation 148 Matthew Flinders, Matthew Wood and Jack Corbett 11. The impact of democratic innovations on citizens' efficacy 161 Paolo Spada SECTION III ACTORS IN DEMOCRATIC INNOVATION 12. Facilitators: the micropolitics of public participation and deliberation 178 Oliver Escobar 13. Consultants: the emerging participation industry 196 Laurence Bherer and Caroline W. Lee 14. Public servants in innovative democratic governance 209 Wieke Blijleven, Merlijn van Hulst and Frank Hendriks 15. Experts: the politics of evidence and expertise in democratic innovation 225 Ruth Lightbody and Jennifer J. Roberts 16. Advocates: interest groups, civil society organisations and democratic innovation 241 Carolyn M. Hendriks 17. The role of elected representatives in democratic innovations 255 Nivek Thompson 18. Journalists: the role of the media in democratic innovation 269 Gianfranco Pomatto SECTION IV DEMOCRATIC INNOVATIONS IN POLICY AND GOVERNANCE 19. Democratic innovations and the policy process 282 Adrian Bua 20. Democratic innovation in science and technology 297 Sarah R. Davies 21. Democratic innovation in social policy 310 Rikki Dean 22. Democratic innovation and environmental governance 324 Jens Newig, Edward Challies and Nicolas W. Jager 23. Democratic innovation in constitutional reform 339 Ron Levy 24. Democratic innovation in transnational and global governance 354 Mikko Rask, Bjorn Bedsted, Edward Andersson and Liisa Kallio SECTION V DEMOCRATIC INNOVATIONS AROUND THE WORLD 25. Democratic innovations in North America 371 Christopher F. Karpowitz and Chad Raphael 26. Democratic innovations in Latin America 389 Thamy Pogrebinschi and Melisa Ross 27. Democratic innovations in Europe 404 Brigitte Geissel 28. Trends in democratic innovation in Asia 421 Naoyuki Mikami 29. Democratic innovation in Australasia 435 Lucy Parry, Jane Alver and Nivek Thompson 30. Local democratic innovations in Africa 449 Isabel Ferreira and Giovanni Allegretti SECTION VI RESEARCH METHODS FOR THE STUDY OF DEMOCRATIC INNOVATIONS 31. Quantitative methods in democratic innovation research 472 Simon Beste and Dominik Wyss 32. Qualitative approaches to democratic innovations 486 Julien Talpin 33. Mixed methods research in democratic innovation 501 Oliver Escobar and Andrew Thompson 34. Using experiments to study democratic innovations 515 Kimmo Groenlund and Kaisa Herne 35. From discourse quality index to deliberative transformative moments 527 Maria Clara Jaramillo and Ju rg Steiner 36. Analysing deliberative transformation : a multi-level approach incorporating Q methodology 540 Simon Niemeyer 37. Comparative approaches to the study of democratic innovation 558 Matt Ryan CONCLUDING CHAPTER 38. Reflections on the theory and practice of democratic innovations 572 Graham Smith Index 583

Note: Contents: Empire of law --Coding land --Cloning legal persons --Minting debt --Enclosing nature's code --A code for the globe --The masters of the code --A new code? --Capital rules by law.

Note: Contents: Acknowledgments 1. Introduction: The Role of Agents and the Establishment of the REDD+ Regime 2. The Role of Agents in Earth System Governance 3. The Agency of Governments in REDD+ 4. The Agency of Non-State Actors in REDD+ 5. The Assumptions behind REDD+ 6. The Effectiveness of the REDD+ Regime 7. The Economic Efficiency of the REDD+ Regime 8. The Social Equity of the REDD+ Regime 9. Conclusions References Index

Note: Contents: Introduction ; New Methods for Investigating New Dangers ; Children and Climate Change: Exploring Children’s Feelings About Climate Change Using Free Association Narrative Interview Methodology ; An Integrative Methodology for Investigating Lived Experience and the Psychosocial Factors Influencing Environmental Cognition and Behaviour ; Emotional Work as a Necessity: A Psychosocial Analysis of Low-Carbon Energy Collaboration Stories ; Researching Climate Engagement: Collaborative Conversations and Consciousness Change ; Climate Change, Social Dreaming and Art: Thinking the Unthinkable ; Emotions, Reflexivity and the Long Haul: What We Do About How We Feel About Climate Change ; Leading with Nature in Mind ; Attitudes to Climate Change in Some English Local Authorities: Varying Sense of Agency in Denial and Hope ; We Have to Talk About…Climate Change ; Engaging with Climate Change: Comparing the Cultures of Science and Activism ; Conclusions

Note: Contents: Introduction ; Chapter One: From the New Deal to Trump America ; Chapter Two: Forgotten Men ; Chapter Three: The Coalminer's Granddaughter ; Chapter Four: In Search of Redemption ; Chapter Five: Something We Never Had ; Chapter Six: Democracy Denied? ; Conclusion

Note: Contents Preface Acknowledgement Gold Supporters Silver Supporters I Introduction Why OpenDroneMap? What You Can Do with OpenDroneMap The Key To Becoming a Successful User II Getting Started Installing The Software Hardware Requirements Installing on Windows Installing on macOS Installing on Linux Basic Commands and Troubleshooting Hello, WebODM! Processing Datasets Dataset Size File Requirements Process Tasks Output Results Share With Others Export To Another WebODM Manage Plugins Change The Look & Feel Create New Users Manage Permissions How Does WebODM Process Images? The Processing Pipeline Load Dataset Structure From Motion Multi View Stereo Meshing Texturing Georeferencing Digital Elevation Model Processing Orthophoto Processing Task Options in Depth build-overviews cameras crop debug dem-decimation dem-euclidean-map dem-gapfill-steps dem-resolution depthmap-resolution dsm dtm end-with fast-orthophoto gcp help ignore-gsd matcher-distance matcher-neighbors max-concurrency merge mesh-octree-depth mesh-point-weight mesh-samples mesh-size min-num-features mve-confidence opensfm-depthmap-method opensfm-depthmap-min-patch-sd orthophoto-bigtiff orthophoto-compression orthophoto-cutline orthophoto-no-tiled orthophoto-resolution pc-classify pc-csv pc-ept pc-filter pc-las rerun rerun-all rerun-from resize-to skip-3dmodel sm-cluster smrf-scalar smrf-slope smrf-threshold smrf-window split split-overlap texturing-data-term texturing-keep-unseen-faces texturing-nadir-weight texturing-outlier-removal-type texturing-skip-global-seam-leveling texturing-skip-hole-filling texturing-skip-local-seam-leveling texturing-skip-visibility-test texturing-tone-mapping time use-3dmesh use-exif use-fixed-camera-params use-hybrid-bundle-adjustment use-opensfm-dense verbose version Ground Control Points Creating a GCP file using POSM GCPi Using GCP files How GCP files work Flying Tips Fly Higher Fly on Overcast Days Fly Between 10am and 2pm Fly at Different Elevations and Capture Multiple Angles Fly on Calm Days Increase Overlap Set Drone to Hover While Taking Images Check Camera Settings III Advanced Usages The Command Line Command Line Basics Using ODM Processed Files Owned By Root Add New Processing Nodes to WebODM Batch Geotagging of Images Using Exiftool Further Readings Docker Essentials Docker Basics Managing Containers Managing Images Managing Volumes Docker-Compose Basics Managing Disk Space Changing Entrypoint Assigning Names To Containers Jumping Into Existing Containers Making Changes Without Rebuilding Images Camera Calibration Option 1: Use an Existing Camera Model Option 2: Generate a Camera Model From a Calibration Target Taking Pictures of a Calibration Target Extracting a Camera Profile Manually Writing a cameras.json File Bonus: Checking Your LCP File by Manually Removing Geometric Distortion Processing Large Datasets Split-Merge Options Local Split-Merge Distributed Split-Merge Using Image Groups and GCPs Limitations The NodeODM API Launching a NodeODM Instance NodeODM Configuration Using the API with cURL Remove a Task API Specification Automated Processing With Python Getting Started Example 1: Hello NodeODM Example 2: Process Datasets Concluding Remarks API Reference Glossary About the Author

Note: Dissertation, Universität Potsdam, 2020 , Table of contents Abstract Kurzfassung Table of contents Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 The challenge of proxy uncertainties 1.2 Aims and approaches 1.3 Thesis outline and author's contributions Chapter 2: Comparing methods for analysing time scale dependent correlations in irregularly sampled time series data 2.1 Abstract 2.2 Introduction 2.3 Methods 2.3.1 Time scale dependency 2.3.2 Irregularity 2.3.3 Surrogate data 2.3.3.1 Construction of surrogate signals 2.3.3.2 Construction of irregular sampling 2.3.4 Evaluation of the estimation methods 2.4 Results 2.4.1 Correlation of red signal - white noise time series 2.4.2 Correlation of white signal - white noise time series 2.5 Discussion 2.5.1 Effect of irregularity and non-simultaneousness in sampling 2.5.2 Choosing the best method 2.5.2.1 Handling irregularity 2.5.2.2 Accounting for time scale dependency 2.5.3 Example application to observed proxy records 2.6 Conclusion 2.7 Computer code availability 2.8 Acknowledgements 2.9 Appendix 2-A. Significance test for time scale dependent correlation estimates Chapter 3: Empirical estimate of the signal content of Holocene temperature proxy records 3.1 Abstract 3.2 Introduction 3.3 Data 3.3,1 Proxy records 3.3.2 Climate model simulations 3.4 Method 3.4.1 Approach and assumptions 3.4.2 Spatial correlation structure of model vs. reanalysis data 3.4.3 Processing steps 3.4.3.1 Estimation of the spatial correlation structure 3.4.3.2 Estimation of the SNRs 3.5 Results 3.5.1 Spatial correlation structure and correlation decay length 3.5.2 SNR estimates 3.6 Discussion 3.6.1 Spatial correlation structure of model simulations 3.6.2 Finite number of proxy records 3.6.3 Proxy-specific recording of climate variables 3.6.4 Time uncertainty and non-climatic components of the proxy signal 3.6.5 Implications and future steps forward 3.7 Conclusion 3.8 Code availability 3.9 Data availability 3.10 Acknowledgements Chapter 4: Testing the consistency of Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum spatial correlations in temperature proxy records 4.1 Abstract 4.2 Introduction 4.3 Data 4.4 Method 4.4.1 Approach and assumptions 4.4.2 Holocene and LGM spatial correlation structure from climate model simulation 4.4.3 Effect of changes in climate variability on the predicted correlations 4.4.4 Effect of changes in time uncertainty on the predicted correlations 4.4.S Estimating the surrogate-based LGM spatial correlation and accounting for parameter uncertainty 4.5 Results 4.6 Discussion 4.6.1 Proxy-specific recording and finite number of records 4.6.2 Time uncertainty of proxy records 4.6.3 Contrary behaviour of U K'37 records 4.6.4 Spatial correlation structure and orbital trends 4.7 Conclusion 4.8 Acknowledgements 4.9 Appendix 4-A. Deriving the effect of a different signal variance on the correlation Chapter 5: Synthesis 5.1 Irregular sampling and time scale dependent correlations 5.2 Spatial correlation structure of proxy records 5.3 Consistency of spatial correlations for different climate states 5.4 Signal content of proxy records 5.5 Concluding remarks and Outlook Chapter A: Supplement of Chapter 3 - Empirical estimate of the signal content of Holocene temperature proxy records A.1 Supplementary Figures A.2 Supplementary Tables Chapter B: Supplement of Chapter 4 - Testing the consistency of Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum spatial correlations of temperature proxy records 8.1 Supplementary Figures 8.2 Supplementary Tables References Danksagung Eidesstattliche Erklärung

Note: СОДЕРЖАНИЕ МИКОБИОТА УСТЬ-ЛЕНСКОГО ЗАПОВЕДНИКА / Михалева, Л.Г. ВОДОРОСЛИ УСТЬЕВОЙ ОБЛАСТИ РЕКИ ЛЕНА / Габышев, В.А., Царенко, П.М., Иванова, А.П. РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ ЛИСТВЕННИЦЫ КАЯНДЕРА (LARIX CAJANDERI) И ОЛЬХОВНИКА (DUSCHEКIA FRUТICOSA) В ПРАВОБЕРЕЖЬЕ РЕКИ ЛЕНА, НА УЧАСТКЕ «СОКОЛ» УСТЬ-ЛЕНСКОГО ЗАПОВЕДНИКА / Николин, Е.Г., Якшина, И.А. РЫБЫ ДЕЛЬТЫ РЕКИ ЛЕНА НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ ЗАПОВЕДНИКА «УСТЬ-ЛЕНСКИЙ» / Корякин, П.Д. ПТИЦЫ ДЕЛЬТЫ РЕКИ ЛЕНА / Поздняков, В.И. ОВЦЕБЫК (OV/805 MOSCHATUS) В НИЖНЕЙ ЧАСТИ РЕКИ ЛЕНА / Кириллин, Е.В., Ануфриев, А.И., Охлопков, И.М. , CONTENT Mycobiota of the Ust-Lena reserve / Mikhaleva, L.G. Algae of the Lena river mouth area / Gabyshev, V.A., Tsarenko, P.M., Ivanova, A.P. Distribution of Cajander larch (Larix cajander) and alder (Duschekia Fruticosa) in the right bank of the Lena river in the Sokol site of the Ust-Lena reserve / Nikolin, E.G., Yakshina, I.A. Fishes of the Lena river delta in the territory of the Ust-Lensky reserve / Koryakin, P.D. Birds of the Lena delta / Pozdnyakov, V.I. Musk Ox (OV/805 MOSCHATUS) in the lower part of the Lena river / Kirillin, E.V., Anufriev, A.I., Okhlopkov, I.M.

Note: Table of Contents Introductory perspectives Chapter 1: Introduction: Cold War science in the North American Arctic / by Stephen Bocking, Daniel Heidt Strategic science Chapter 2: Ice and the depths of the ocean: probing Greenland's Melville Bay during the Cold War / by Mark Nuttall Chapter 3: Leadership, cultures, the Cold War and the establishment of Arctic scientific stations: situating the Joint Arctic Weather Stations (JAWS) / by P. Whitney Lackenbauer, Daniel Heidt Chapter 4: Frontier footage: science and colonial attitudes on film in Northern Canada, 1948–1954 / by Matthew S. Wiseman Chapter 5: Portraying America's last frontier: Alaska in the media during the Second World War and the Cold War / by Victoria Herrmann Chapter 6: Making “Man in the Arctic”: academic and military entanglements, 1944–49 / by Matthew Farish Cold War economies Chapter 7: Arctic pipelines and permafrost science: North American rivalries in the shadow of the Cold War, 1968–1982 / by Robert Page Chapter 8: Cold oil: linking strategic and resource science in the Canadian Arctic / by Stephen Bocking Chapter 9: Icebergs in Iowa: Saudi dreams, Antarctic hydrologics and the production of Cold War environmental knowledge / by Rafico Ruiz Chapter 10: Science and Indigenous knowledge in land claims settlements: negotiating the Inuvialuit Final Agreement, 1977–1978 / by Andrew Stuhl Science crossing borders Chapter 11: Knowledge base: polar explorers and the integration of science, security, and US foreign policy in Greenland, from the Great War to the Cold War / by Dawn Alexandrea Berry Chapter 12: Institutions and the changing nature of Arctic research during the early Cold War / by Lize-Marié van der Watt, Peder Roberts, Julia Lajus Chapter 13: Rockets over Thule? American hegemony, ionosphere research and the politics of rockets in the wake of the 1968 Thule B-52 accident / by Henrik Knudsen Chapter 14: Applied science and practical cooperation: Operation Morning Light and the recovery of cosmos 954 in the Northwest Territories, 1978 / by P. Whitney Lackenbauer, Ryan Dean Chapter 15: Melting the ice curtain: indigeneity and the Alaska Siberia Medical Research Program, 1982–1988 / by Tess Lanzarotta Epilogue: global Cold War—the Antarctic and the Arctic Chapter 16: Antarctic science and the Cold War / by Adrian Howkins

Note: CONTENTS List of Figures and Tables Acknowledgments Introduction: German Histories and Pacific Histories / Ulrike Strasser, Frank Biess, and Hartmut Berghoff Part I. Missionaries, Explorers, and Knowledge Transfer 1. German Apothecaries and Botanists in Early Modern Indonesia, the Philippines, and Japan / Raquel A. G. Reyes 2. A Bohemian Mapmaker in Manila: Travels, Transfers, and Traces between the Pacific Ocean and Germans Lands / Ulrike Strasser 3. German Naturalists in the Pacific around 1800: Entanglement, Autonomy, and a Transnational Culture of Expertise / Andreas W. Daum 4. Georg Wilhelm Steller and Carl Heinrich Merck: German Scientists in Russian Service as Explorers in the North Pacific in the Eighteenth Century / Kristina Küntzel-Witt 5. Johann Reinhold Forster and the Ship Resolution as a Space of Knowledge Production / Anne Mariss 6. Engineering Empire: German Influence on Chinese Industrialization, 1880-1925 / Shellen Wu Part II. Expansion, Entanglements, and Colonialism in the Long Nineteenth Century 7. Expanding the Frontier(s): The Spreckels Family and the German-American Penetration of the Pacific, 1 870-1920 / Uwe Spiekermann 8. Work and Non-work in the "Paradise of the South Sea": Samoa, ca. 1890-1914 195 / Jürgen Schmidt 9. German Women in the South Sea Colonies, 1884-1919 / Livia Rivotti 10. Sacrifice, Heroism, Professionalization, and Empowerment: Colonial New Guinea in the Lives of German Religious Women, 1899-1919 / Katharina Stornig 11. Rape, Indenture, and the Colonial Courts in German New Guinea / Emma Thomas 12. The Trans-Pacific "Ghadar" Movement: The Role of the Pacific in the Indo-German Plot to Overthrow the British Empire during World War I / Douglas T. McGetchin 13. The Vava'u Germans: History and Identity Construction of a Transcultural Community with Tongan and Pomeranian Roots / Reinhard Wendt Epilogue German Histories and Pacific Histories: New Directions / Matt Matsuda Index

Note: Contents: 1 The ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard / Haakon Hop and Christian Wiencke Part I. Atmospheric conditions 2 The atmosphere above Ny-Ålesund : climate and global warming, ozone and surface UV radiation / Marion Maturilli, Inger Hanssen-Bauer, Roland Neuber, Markus Rex, and Kåre Edvardsen Part II. Oceanography, sea ice and underwater light regime 3 The Kongsfjorden Transect : seasonal and inter-annual variability in hydrography / Vigdis Tverberg, Ragnheid Skogseth, Finlo Cottier, Arild Sundfjord, Waldemar Walczowski, Mark E. Inall, Eva Falck, Olga Pavlova, and Frank Nilsen 4 Changes in sea-ice extent and thickness in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard (2003-2016) / Olga Pavlova, Sebastian Gerland, and Haakon Hop 5 The underwater light climate in Kongsfjorden and its ecological implications / Alexey K. Pavlov, Eva Leu, Dieter Hanelt, Inka Bartsch, Ulf Karsten, Stephen R. Hudson, Jean-Charles Gallet, Finlo Cottier, Jonathan H. Cohen, Jørgen Berge, Geir Johnsen, Marion Maturilli, Piotr Kowalczuk, Sławomir Sagan, Justyna Meler, and Mats A. Granskog Part III. Pelagic production, phytoplankton and zooplankton 6 Phytoplankton seasonal dynamics in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard and the adjacent shelf / Else N. Hegseth, Philipp Assmy, Józef M. Wiktor, Józef Wiktor Jr., Svein Kristiansen, Eva Leu, Vigdis Tverberg, Tove M. Gabrielsen, Ragnheid Skogseth, and Finlo Cottier 7 Zooplankton in Kongsfjorden (1996-2016) in relation to climate change / Haakon Hop, Anette Wold, Mikko Vihtakari, Malin Daase, Slawomir Kwasniewski, Marta Gluchowska, Silke Lischka, Friedrich Buchholz and Stig Falk-Petersen Part IV. Benthic microbes, macroalgae and fauna 8 Living on cold substrata : new insights and approaches in the study of microphytobenthos ecophysiology and ecology in Kongsfjorden / Ulf Karsten, Iris Schaub, Jana Woelfel, Duygu S. Sevilgen, Carolin Schlie, Burkhard Becker, Angela Wulff, Martin Graeve, and Heiko Wagner 9 Biodiversity of benthic macro- and microalgae from Svalbard with special focus on Kongsfjorden / Stein Fredriksen, Ulf Karsten, Inka Bartsch, Jana Woelfel, Miriam Koblowsky, Rhena Schumann, Siri Røang Moy, Robert S. Steneck, Józef M. Wiktor, Haakon Hop, and Christian Wiencke 10. Kelps and environmental changes in Kongsfjorden : Stress perception and responses / Kai Bischof, Christian Buschbaum, Stein Frederiksen, Francisco J. L. Gordillo, Sandra Heinrich, Carlos Jiménez, Cornelius Lütz, Markus Molis, Michael Y. Roleda, Max Schwanitz, and Christian Wiencke 11. Ecological drivers of and responses by Arctic benthic communities, with an emphasis on Kongsfjorden, Svalbard / Markus Molis, Frank Beuchel, Jürgen Laudien, Maria Włodarska-Kowalczuk, and Christian Buschbaum Part V. Arctic fjord ecosystem model and autonomous marine observatories. 12. Outline of an Arctic fjord ecosystem model for Kongsfjorden-Krossfjorden, Svalbard / Pedro Duarte, Jan Marcin Weslawski, and Haakon Hop 13. Autonomous marine observatories in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard / Haakon Hop, Finlo Cottier, and Jørgen Berge Part VI. Kongsfjorden as harbinger of the future Arctic 14. Kongsfjorden as harbinger of the future Arctic : knowns, unknowns and research priorities / Kai Bischof, Peter Convey, Pedro Duarte, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Maria Granberg, Haakon Hop, Clara Hoppe, Carlos Jiménez, Leonid Lisitsyn, Brezo Martinez, Michael Y. Roleda, Peter Thor, Józef M. Wiktor, and Geir Wing Gabrielsen

Note: Contents Part I Introduction Population Genomics: Advancing Understanding of Nature / Gordon Luikart, Marty Kardos, Brian K. Hand, Om P. Rajora, Sally N. Aitken, and Paul A. Hohenlohe Part II Methods Genotyping and Sequencing Technologies in Population Genetics and Genomics / J. A. Holliday, E. M. Hallerman, and D. C. Haak Computational Tools for Population Genomics / Jarkko Salojärvi Population and Evolutionary Genetic Inferences in the Whole-Genome Era: Software Challenges / Alexandros Stamatakis Part III Concepts and Approaches Population Epigenomics: Advancing Understanding of Phenotypic Plasticity, Acclimation, Adaptation and Diseases / Ehren R. V. Moler, Abdulkadir Abakir, Maria Eleftheriou, Jeremy S. Johnson, Konstantin V. Krutovsky, Lara C. Lewis, Alexey Ruzov, Amy V. Whipple, and Om P. Rajora Landscape Genomics: Understanding Relationships Between Environmental Heterogeneity and Genomic Characteristics of Populations / Niko Balkenhol, Rachael Y. Dudaniec, Konstantin V. Krutovsky, Jeremy S. Johnson, David M. Cairns, Gernot Segelbacher, Kimberly A. Selkoe, Sophie von der Heyden, Ian J. Wang, Oliver Selmoni, and Stéphane Joost Paleogenomics: Genome-Scale Analysis of Ancient DNA and Population and Evolutionary Genomic Inferences / Tianying Lan and Charlotte Lindqvist Genome-Wide Association Studies and Heritability Estimation in the Functional Genomics Era / Dunia Pino Del Carpio, Roberto Lozano, Marnin D. Wolfe, and Jean-Luc Jannink Genomic Selection / Elisabeth Jonas, Freddy Fikse, Lars Rönnegård, and Elena Flavia Mouresan Part IV Population, Evolutionary and Ecological Genetics Applications and Inferences Population Genomics Provides Key Insights in Ecology and Evolution / Paul A. Hohenlohe, Brian K. Hand, Kimberly R. Andrews, and Gordon Luikart Inferring Demographic History Using Genomic Data / Jordi Salmona, Rasmus Heller, Martin Lascoux, and Aaron Shafer Advancing Biogeography Through Population Genomics / Jeremy S. Johnson, Konstantin V. Krutovsky, Om P. Rajora, Keith D. Gaddis, and David M. Cairns Adaptation Without Boundaries: Population Genomics in Marine Systems / Marjorie F. Oleksiak Population Genomics of Speciation and Admixture / Nicola J. Nadeau and Takeshi Kawakami Population Genomics of Colonization and Invasion / Shana R. Welles and Katrina M. Dlugosch Population Genomics of Crop Domestication: Current State and Perspectives / Philippe Cubry and Yves Vigouroux Population Genomics of Animal Domestication and Breed Development / Samantha Wilkinson and Pamela Wiener Population Genomics of Domestication and Breed Development in Canines in the Context of Cognitive, Social, Behavioral, and Disease Traits / Kristopher J. L. Irizarry and Elton J. R. Vasconcelos Index

Note: Contents Introduction 1 An Introduction to the Research on Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals / Covadonga Orejas and Carlos Jiménez Part I Past 2 Paleoecology of Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals / Marco Taviani, Agostina Vertino, Lorenzo Angeletti, Paolo Montagna, and Alessandro Remia 3 Cold-Water Corals in the Mediterranean: A History of Discovery / Julian Evans, Leyla Knittweis, Joseph A. Borg, and Patrick J. Schembri 4 A Turbulent Story: Mediterranean Contourites and Cold-Water Corals / Michele Rebesco and Marco Taviani 5 Messinian Salinity Crisis: What Happened to Cold-Water Corals? / André Freiwald 6 Did Quaternary Climate Fluctuations Affect Mediterranean Deep-Sea Coral Communities? / Agostina Vertino and Cesare Corselli 7 A Deglacial Cold-Water Coral Boom in the Alborán Sea: From Coral Mounds and Species Dominance / Claudia Wienberg 8 Highly Variable Submarine Landscapes in the Alborán Sea Created by Cold-Water Corals / Dierk Hebbeln 9 Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals / Agostina Vertino, Marco Taviani, and Cesare Corselli 10 Bathyal Corals Within the Aegean Sea and the Adjacent Hellenic Trench / Jürgen Titschack 11 Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals as Paleoclimate Archives / Paolo Montagna and Marco Taviani 12 Tomography of Cold-Water Corals-Bearing Cores / Lorenzo Angeletti, Matteo Bettuzzi, and Maria Pia Morigi 13 Changing Views About Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals / Marco Taviani Part II Present 14 Taxonomy, Genetics and Biodiversity of Mediterranean Deep-Sea Corals and Cold-Water Corals / Alvaro Altuna and Angelo Poliseno 15 Habitat Mapping of Cold-Water Corals in the Mediterranean Sea / Claudio Lo Iacono, Alessandra Savini, Veerle A. I. Huvenne, and Eulàlia Gràcia 16 Cold-Water Coral Habitat Mapping in the Mediterranean Sea: Methodologies and Perspectives / Lorenzo Angeletti, Annaëlle Bargain, Elisabetta Campiani, Federica Foglini, Valentina Grande, Elisa Leidi, Alessandra Mercorella, Mariacristina Prampolini, and Marco Taviani 17 Working with Visual Methods, Comparison Among the French Deep-Sea Canyons / Maïa Fourt, Adrien Goujard, and Pierre Chevaldonné 18 Review of the Circulation and Characteristics of Intermediate Water Masses of the Mediterranean: Implications for Cold-Water Coral Habitats / Daniel R. Hayes, Katrin Schroeder, Pierre-Marie Poulain, Pierre Testor, Laurent Mortier, Anthony Bosse, and Xavier du Madron 19 Occurrence and Biogeography of Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals / Giovanni Chimienti, Marzia Bo, Marco Taviani, and Francesco Mastrototaro 20 Gorgonian and Black Coral Assemblages in Deep Coastal Bottoms and Continental Shelves of the Mediterranean Sea / Andrea Gori, Jordi Grinyó, Carlos Dominguez-Carrió, Stefano Ambroso, Pablo J. López-González, Josep-Maria Gili, Giorgio Bavestrello, and Marzia Bo 21 Mediterranean Black Coral Communities / Marzia Bo and Giorgio Bavestrello 22 Recent Discoveries of Extensive Cold-Water Coral Assemblages in Maltese Waters / Leyla Knittweis, Julian Evans, Ricardo Aguilar, Helena Álvarez, Joseph A. Borg, Silvia García, and Patrick J. Schembri 23 Corals of Aphrodite: Dendrophyllia ramea Populations of Cyprus / Covadonga Orejas, Carlos Jiménez, Andrea Gori, Jesús Rivera, Claudio Lo Iacono, Didier Aurelle, Louis Hadjioannou, Antonis Petrou, and Katerina Achilleos 24 Cold-Water Corals in Fluid Venting Submarine Structures / Desirée Palomino, José Luis Rueda, Juan Tomás Vázquez, Javier Urra, Olga Sánchez-Guillamón, Emilio González-García, Nieves López-González, and Luis Miguel Fernández-Salas 25 Cold-Water Corals and Mud Volcanoes: Life on a Dynamic Substrate / Andres Rüggeberg and Anneleen Foubert 26 Occurrence of Living Cold-Water Corals at Large Depths Within Submarine Canyons of the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea / Anna Aymà, Jacopo Aguzzi, Miquel Canals, Joan Batista Company, Galderic Lastras, Ariadna Mecho, and Claudio Lo Iacono 27 Submarine Canyons in the Mediterranean: A Shelter for Cold-Water Corals / Pere Puig and Josep-Maria Gili 28 A Cold-Water Coral Habitat in La Fonera Submarine Canyon, Northwestern Mediterranean Sea / Galderic Lastras, Anna Sanchez-Vidal, and Miquel Canals 29 Cold-Water Coral Associated Fauna in the Mediterranean Sea and Adjacent Areas / José L. Rueda, Javier Urra, Ricardo Aguilar, Lorenzo Angeletti, Marzia Bo, Cristina García-Ruiz, Manuel M. González-Duarte, Eduardo López, Teresa Madurell, Manuel Maldonado, Ángel Mateo-Ramírez, César Megina, Juan Moreira, Francina Moya, Lais V. Ramalho, Antonietta Rosso, Cèlia Sitjà, and Marco Taviani 30 Cold-Water Corals as Shelter, Feeding and Life-History Critical Habitats for Fish Species: Ecological Interactions and Fishing Impact / Gianfranco D’Onghia 31 Past, Present and Future Connectivity of Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals: Patterns, Drivers and Fate in a Technically and Environmentally Changing World / Joana Boavida, Ronan Becheler, Anna Maria Addamo, Florent Sylvestre, and Sophie Arnaud-Haond 32 Desmophyllum dianthus Genetics and More / Anna Maria Addamo 33 Diversity of Bacteria Associated with the Cold Water Corals Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata / Markus G. Weinbauer, Davide Oregioni, Anne Großkurth, Marie-Emanuelle Kerros, Tilmann Harder, Michael DuBow, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, and Cornelia Maier 34 Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata: An Archaea Riddle? / Markus G. Weinbauer, Davide Oregioni, and Cornelia Maier 35 Biology and Ecophysiology of Mediterranean Cold–Water Corals / Stéphanie Reynaud and Christine Ferrier-Pagès 36 Growth Patterns of Mediterranean Calcifying Cold-Water Corals / Franck Lartaud, Vincent Mouchi, Leïla Chapron, Anne-Leïla Meistertzheim, and Nadine Le Bris 37 Demography and Conservation of Deep Corals: The Study of Population Structure and Dynamics / Lorenzo Bramanti, Giovanni Santangelo, Maria Carla Benedetti, Mimmo Iannelli, and Katell Guizien 38 Cold-Water Coral in Aquaria: Advances and Challenges. A Focus on the Mediterranean / Covadonga Orejas, Marco Taviani, Stefano Ambroso, Vasilis Andreou, Meri Bilan, Marzia Bo, Sandra Brooke, Paal Buhl-Mortensen, Erik Cordes, Carlos Dominguez-Carrió, Christine Ferrier-Pagès, Antonio Godinho, Andrea Gori, Jordi Grinyó, Cristina Gutiérrez-Zárate, Sebastian Hennige, Carlos Jiménez, Ann I. Larsson, Franck Lartaud, Jay Lunden, Cornelia Maier, Sandra R. Maier, Juancho Movilla, Fiona Murray, Erwan Peru, Autun Purser, Maria Rakka, Stéphanie Reynaud, J. Murray Roberts, Pedro Siles, Susanna M. Strömberg, Laurenz Thomsen, Dick van Oevelen, Alfredo Veiga, and Marina Carreiro-Silva 39 Approaching Cold-Water Corals to the Society: Novel Ways to Transfer Knowledge / Sergio Rossi and Covadonga Orejas Part III Future 40 Perspectives of Biophysical Modelling with Implications on Biological Connectivity of Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals / Matthew W. Johnston and Ann I. Larsson 41 The Interface Between Tectonic Evolution and Cold-Water Coral Dynamics in the Mediterranean / Rinus Wortel and Paul Meijer 42 The Mediterranean Is Getting Saltier: From the Past to the Future / Nikolaos Skliris 43 The Spread of Non-indigenous Species in the Mediterranean – A Threat to Cold-Water Corals? / Bella S. Galil 44 Fate of Mediterranean Scleractinian Cold-Water Corals as a Result of Global Climate Change. A Synthesis / Cornelia Maier, Markus G. Weinbauer, and Jean-Pierre Gattuso 45 A Case Study: Variability in the Calcification Response of Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals to Ocean Acidification / Juancho Movilla 46 Conservation of Cold-Water Corals in the Mediterranean: Current Status and Future Prospects for Improvement / Maria del Mar Otero and Pilar Marin Species Index Subject Index

Note: Contents Consistency and Uncertainty Analyses of Sediment Transport Monitoring in the Transboundary River: Case Study of Western Dvina (Russian Federation, Belarus and Latvia) / S. R. Chalov Global Change Impact on Ephemeral Streams Sediment Load in the Raya Graben, Northern Ethiopia / P. Billi, B. Demissie, J. Nyssen, A. Frankl, and M. Haile Longitudinal and Cross Profiles as Indicators of Morphodynamics of Small Drainage Basins (Case Study European Russia) / V. P. Bondarev Change of Erosive Activity in the Context of Change of the Climate / S. V. Budnik Numerical Modeling of Channel Deformation Taking into Account Sediment Fractions Distribution / A. I. Aleksyuk, V. V. Belikov, N. M. Borisova, and T. A. Fedorova Drivers of Sedimentary Fluxes Assessment in Alpine Catchments / V. O. Bazilova, S. R. Chalov, and A. S. Tsyplenkov Peculiarities of Ice Nucleation on Particles in Atmosphere and Soil / D. M. Frolov The Extreme Rainfall Characteristics and Terrace Greenhouse Erosion Control in Climate Change and Human Impact in Hilly and Gully Region of the Loess Plateau in China / J. E. Gao, Y. X. Zhang, X. H. Li, H. J. Li, Z. Gao, and M. J. Ji Integration of Landforms, Deposits and Paleosols Analysis for Reconstructing Holocene Debris Flow Activity in the Low Mountains of Kola Peninsula / E. V. Garankina, V. R. Belyaev, Y. R. Belyaev, A. L. Gurinov, M. M. Ivanov, N. V. Kuzmenkova, F. A. Romanenko, A. I. Rudinskaya, and E. D. Tulyakov Trees as Large-Scale Natural Phononic Crystals / Jian-Kun Huang, Yi-Fan Liu, and Ya-Guang Li Climate Change and Sediment Yield in Kamchatka, Far East of Russia / L. V. Kuksina Selenga River Runoff Projections in the XXI Century: ECOMAG-Based Simulation Results / T. D. Millionshchikova Postglacial Incision-Widening-Infill Cycles at the Borisoglebsk Upland: Correlations Between Interfluve Headwaters and Fluvial Network / Y. V. Shishkina, E. V. Garankina, V. R. Belyaev, P. V. Andreev, A. I. Bondar, V. I. Potapova, T. A. Verlova, and ILYA G. Shorkunov Geomorphometric and Geoinformation Approach to Meliorative Evaluation of the Territory / A. R. Suleymanov The Innovation Technology Based on Molecular Phylogeny of Bacillariophyceae for Water Quality Monitoring / A. E. Sverdrup and L. L. Frolova Water Balance Assessment Using Swat Model. Case Study on Russian Subcatchment of Western Dvina River / P. N. Terskii, A. A. Kuleshov, and S. R. Chalov Numerical Modeling of Channel Processes and Hydraulic Engineering Impact on the River Amur / E. Fingert, I. Krylenko, V. Belikov, P. Golovlyov, M. Samokhin, S. Borovkov, and A. Zavadskii Channel Processes Dynamics at Wet Subtropical Climate of Russian Black Sea Coast / Y. Kuznetsova, V. Golosov, and N. Ivanova Intra-storm Variability of Coefficient of Variation of Runoff and Soil Loss in Consecutive Storms at Experimental Plot Scale / M. Kiani-Harchegani, S. H. R. Sadeghi, and A. Ghahramani Study of Channel Changes in the Lena River Near Yakutsk Based on Long-Term Data, Satellite Images and Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model / E. D. Kornilova, E. A. Morozova, I. N. Krylenko, E. A. Fingert, P. P. Golovlyov, A. S. Zavadsky, and V. V. Belikov A Probabilistic Approach to Interpret Long-Term Observations of Sediment Yield in Experimental Catchments in Southern Italy / P. Porto and G. Callegari Extreme Erosion Events and Climate Change / E. V. Promakhova, L. V. Kuksina, and V. N. Golosov The Emission of Carbon Dioxide from Soils Washed-Out and Buried by Accelerated Erosion in the Chernozem Belt of the European Russia / A. Sidorchuk Gully Erosion and Thermo-erosion Modelling for the Conditions of the Modern and the Late-Glacial Periglacial Climate / A. Sidorchuk

Note: Contents 1 The Ecology of Browsing and Grazing II / Iain J. Gordon and Herbert H. T. Prins 2 The Palaeontology of Browsing and Grazing / Juha Saarinen 3 The Paleoecological Impact of Grazing and Browsing: Consequences of the Late Quaternary Large Herbivore Extinctions / John Rowan and J. T. Faith 4 Morphological and Physiological Adaptations for Browsing and Grazing / Daryl Codron, Reinhold R. Hofmann, and Marcus Clauss 5 Feeding Ecology of Large Browsing and Grazing Herbivores / Jan A. Venter, Mika M. Vermeulen, and Christopher F. Brooke 6 Population Dynamics of Browsing and Grazing Ungulates in the Anthropocene / Christian Kiffner and Derek E. Lee 7 Community Dynamics of Browsing and Grazing Ungulates / Charudutt Mishra, Munib Khanyari, Herbert H. T. Prins, and Kulbhushansingh R. Suryawanshi 8 Weather and Climate Impacts on Browsing and Grazing Ungulates / Randall B. Boone 9 Impacts of Browsing and Grazing Ungulates on Soil Biota and Nutrient Dynamics / Judith Sitters and Walter S. Andriuzzi 10 Effects of Grazing and Browsing on Tropical Savanna Vegetation / Frank van Langevelde, Claudius A. D. M. van de Vijver, Herbert H. T. Prins, and Thomas A. Groen 11 Impacts of Browsing and Grazing Ungulates on Plant Characteristics and Dynamics / Autumn E. Sabo 12 Impacts of Browsing and Grazing Ungulates on Faunal Biodiversity / Krisztián Katona and Corli Coetsee 13 Interactions Between Fire and Herbivory: Current Understanding and Management Implications / Izak P. J. Smit and Corli Coetsee 14 Managing Browsing and Grazing Ungulates / Richard W. S. Fynn, David J. Augustine, and Samuel D. Fuhlendorf 15 The Ecology of Browsing and Grazing in Other Vertebrate Taxa / Iain J. Gordon, Herbert H. T. Prins, Jordan Mallon, Laura D. Puk, Everton B. P. Miranda, Carolina Starling-Manne, René van der Wal, Ben Moore, William Foley, Lucy Lush, Renan Maestri, Ikki Matsuda, and Marcus Clauss 16 Browsers and Grazers Drive the Dynamics of Ecosystems / Iain J. Gordon and Herbert H. T. Prins Index

Note: Contents Part I Introduction 1 Evolution and Progress Accomplished During Previous French-Japanese Symposiums of Oceanography / Hubert-Jean Ceccaldi 2 Challenge to Resolve Problems in the Ocean and Coastal Waters in Future Earth with Stronger Cooperation Between the Two Societies Franco-Japonaise of Oceanography / Teruhisa Komatsu Part II Natural and Anthropogenic Impacts 3 Slower Decrease in Radioactive Concentrations in Some Fish Species After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Disaster / Hisayuki Arakawa 4 Influence of Behavioral Patterns of Several Fish Species on Their Radioactive Cesium Concentrations Revealed with a Biotelemetry System After the Nuclear Accident Caused by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake / Keiichi Uchida, Kohei Hasegawa, Yoshinori Miyamoto, Hisayuki Arakawa, Seiji Akiyama and Naoto Hirakawa 5 Estimate of Water Quality Change in Osaka Bay Caused by the Suspension of Marine Sediment with Mega Tsunami / Mitsuru Hayashi, Satoshi Nakada, Shunich Koshimura and Eiichi Kobayashi 6 Litter in the Mediterranean Sea / François Galgani 7 The European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in France: An Example of Close Cooperation Among Researchers and Fishers to Study and Manage an Endangered Species / Patrick Prouzet, Elsa Amilhat, Catherine Boisneau, Philippe Boisneau, Eric Feunteun and Nicolas Michelet 8 Trophic Cascade in Seaweed Beds in Sanriku Coast Hit by the Huge Tsunami on 11 March 2011: Sea Urchin Fishery as a Satoumi Activity Serving for Increase in Marine Productivity and Biodiversity / Teruhisa Komatsu, Shuji Sasa, Hiroki Murata, Shuhei Sawayama, Masahiro Hamana, Minami Asada, Ryo Tsujimoto, Genki Terauchi and Tetsuo Yanagi 9 The English Channel: Becoming like the Seas Around Japan / Jean-Claude Dauvin, Jean-Philippe Pezy and Alexandrine Baffreau Part III Physical Oceanography 10 Recent Research Results and Future Project in the Antarctic Ocean by Umitaka-Maru Research Group for Physical Oceanography / Yujiro Kitade, Keishi Shimada, Shigeru Aoki and Kay I. Ohshima 11 Response of Near-Inertial Internal Waves to Various Typhoon-Tracks Around the Tango Peninsula, Japan / Keiichi Yamazaki, Yujiro Kitade, Yosuke Igeta, Yutaka Kumaki and Tatsuro Watanabe 12 A High-Resolution Unstructured Grid Finite Volume Model for Currents Around Narrow Straits of Matsushima Bay / Hidekazu Shirai, Ritsuki Kunisato, Shinya Magome, Teruhisa Hattori, Takamasa Takagi, Katsuaki Okabe, Kazufumi Takayanagi and Shigeho Kakehi 13 Observation of Near-Bottom Current on the Continental Shelf Off Sanriku / Daigo Yanagimoto, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Shinzou Fujio, Hajime Nishigaki and Miho Ishizu Part IV Innovative Research 14 Control of Pressure-Driven Microdroplet Formation and Optimum Encapsulation in Microfluidic System / Mathias Girault, Akihiro Hattori, Hyonchol Kim, Kenji Matsuura, Masao Odaka, Hideyuki Terazono and Kenji Yasuda 15 Development of a De-oiling System for Seabed Sediments / Yoshichika Ikeda, Motohiro Miki, Hisayuki Arakawa and Mitsuru Izumi 16 Development of an Optical Detection System of Fuel Oil on Seabed Sediments / Akira Matsumoto, Kazuki Toguchi, Yoshichika Ikeda and Hisayuki Arakawa 17 Retinomotor and Stress Responses of Marbled Sole Pseudopleuronectes Yokohamae Under the LEDs / Rena Shibata, Yasuyuki Uto, Kenichi Ishibashi and Takashi Yada 18 Metabolome Profiling of Growth Hormone Transgenic Coho Salmon by Capillary Electrophoresis Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry / Toshiki Nakano, Hitoshi Shirakawa, Giles Yeo, Robert H. Devlin and Tomoyoshi Soga 19 Estimating the Diets of Fish Using Stomach Contents Analysis and a Bayesian Stable Isotope Mixing Models in Sendai Bay / Hiroyuki Togashi, Yukinori Nakane, Yosuke Amano and Yutaka Kurita Part V Coastal Ecosystem and Management 20 Ecological Status of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar L.) in France: Need for an Ecosystemic Approach / Patrick Prouzet and Nicolas Michelet 21 Challenges to Harmonize Sustainable Fishery with Environmental Conservation in the Coastal Ecosystems Under Oligotrophication / Masakazu Hori, Masahito Hirota, Franck Lagarde, Sandrine Vaz, Masami Hamaguchi, Naoaki Tezuka, Mitsutaku Makino and Ryo Kimura 22 One-Year Colonization by Zoobenthic Species on an Eco-Friendly Artificial Reef in the English Channel Intertidal Zone / Jean-Claude Dauvin and Aurélie Foveau 23 New Installations of Artificial Reefs Along the Coast of the Landes (South–West Atlantic Coast of France) / Gérard Fourneau, Florence Dufour, Aurélie Penne, Nelly Ferrou, Thomas Scourzic, Aurore Laborde and Elodie Zaccari 24 Marine Ecosystem Services: Perception of Residents from Remote Islands, Taketomi Town / Kazumi Wakita, Keiyu Kohama, Takako Masuda, Katsumi Yoshida, Taro Oishi, Zhonghua Shen, Nobuyuki Yagi, Hisahi Kurokura, Ken Furuya and Yasuwo Fukuyo 25 Quantitative Mapping of Fish Habitat: From Knowledge to Spatialised Fishery Management / Sandrine Vaz and Olivier Le Pape 26 Do Our Ocean Policies Make Any Difference in the Wellbeing of Coastal Communities? / Yves Henocque Part VI Aquaculture 27 Heterogeneity of Japanese Oyster (Crassostrea Gigas) Spat Collection in a Shellfish Farmed Mediterranean Lagoon / Franck Lagarde, Martin Ubertini, Serge Mortreux, Adeline Perignon, Axel Leurion, Patrik Le Gall, Claude Chiantella, Slem Meddah, Jean-Louis Guillou, Gregory Messiaen, Béatrice Bec, Cécile Roques, Delphine Bonnet, Hélène Cochet, Ismaël Bernard, Erika Gervasoni, Marion Richard, Gilles Miron, Annie Fiandrino, Stephane Pouvreau and Emmanuelle Roque D’orbcastel 28 Suitable Oyster Culture Density in Oginohama Bay, Miyagi, Japan / Yutaka Okumura, Akatsuki Nawata, Hiroshi Ito, Akio Oshino and Motoyuki Hara 29 Population Dynamics of the Manila Clam Ruditapes Philippinarum and Implications of the 2011 Tsunami Impact in Two Shallow, Semi-enclosed Bays in Northeastern Japan / Hirokazu Abe, Masami Hamaguchi, Naoto Kajihara, Yuichi Taniai, Akio Oshino, Akihiro Moriyama and Takashi Kamiyama 30 Feed and Feeding in Certification Schemes of Sustainable Aquaculture / Catherine Mariojouls, Raphaëla Le Gouvello and François Simard Part VII Short and Preliminary Communications 31 French Bluefin Tuna Longline Fishery Bycatch Programme / François Poisson, Sophie Arnaud-Haond, Hervé Demarcq, Luisa Métral, Blandine Brisset, Delphine Cornella and Bertrand Wendling 32 137 Cs and Tritium Concentrations in Seawater off the Fukushima Prefecture: Results from the SOSO 5 Rivers Cruise (October 2014) / Michio Aoyama, Hervé Thébault, Y. Hamajima, Sabine Charmasson, Mireille Arnaud and Céline Duffa Correction to: Oceanography Challenges to Future Earth / Teruhisa Komatsu, Hubert-Jean Ceccaldi, Jiro Yoshida, Patrick Prouzet and Yves Henocque Author Index

Note: Contents Part I Keynote Fifty Years of Paleoceanography: Major Achievements in Our Understanding of Past and Future Climate Change - Some Memories and Hearsay / Michael Sarnthein Part II Paleoceanographic Evolution Orbital-Scale Paleoceanographic Response to the Indian Monsoon in the Laxmi Basin of the Eastern Arabian Sea / Boo-Keun Khim, Ji-Eun Kim, Keiji Horikawa, Minoru Ikehara, Yoshihiro Asahara, and Jongmin Lee The 4.2 ka Event in the Euro-Mediterranean Region - A Study from the MISTRALS/PALEOMEX Program / Bassem Jalali and Marie-Alexandrine Sicre Record of Early Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Events in Adriatic Platform, Croatia / Antun Husinec and J. Fred Read Sedimentological and Geochemical Records of Lower Cretaceous Carbonate Successions Around Trabzon (NE Turkey): Implications for Paleoenvironmental Evolution and Paleoclimatological Conditions of Tethys / Merve Özyurt, M. Ziya Kirmaci, İ. Ömer Yılmaz, and Raif Kandemir Part III Paleoclimate Evolution Paleoclimate Evolution of the Kordofan Region (Sudan), During the Last 13 ka / Ahmed Dawelbeit, Etienne Jaillard, and Ali Eisawi Use of Paleoclimate Rainfall Data to Detect Mega Drought Signals / Joo-Heon Lee, Chanyang Sur, and Seo-Yeon Park Paleoclimatology Evidence of Eocene from Jaddala Formation in Northwestern Iraq / Alaa Al-Zubaidi and Omar Al-Badrani Holocene Paleoclimatic Variation Inferred from Study of Sediments in the Gulf of Tunis (North Africa) / Nizar Ouertani and Soumaya Yahyaoui Noble Gas Recharge Temperature of Sfax Deep Groundwater (Southeastern of Tunisia) / Rim Trabelsi, Mahdi Trabelsi, Kamel Zouari, and Takuya Matsumoto Time Analysis of Emberger’s Pluviothermic Q Index in the SW of the Iberian Peninsula / Leoncio García-Barrón, Julia Morales, and Arturo Sousa Systematic and Palaeoclimatic Investigations of Sivalhippus from the Late Miocene Siwaliks (Pakistan) / Muhammad tahir Waseem, Abdul majid Khan, Rana Mansoor Ahmad, Ayesha Iqbal, and Muhammad Ameen The Thar Desert Calcretes: A Proxy for Understanding Late Quaternary Paleoclimate Shifts / Hema Achyuthan Part IV Paleoenvironmental Evolution Using Environmental Isotopes and Krypton-81 to Characterize and Date Continental Intercalaire Paleogroundwater (Southern Tunisia) / Kamel Zouari, Takuya Matsumoto, Rim Trabelsi, and Pradeep Aggarwal Water Column Chemistry of Late Holocene Lake Bafa, Eastern Coast of the Aegean Sea (Turkey) / Özlem Bulkan, Ummuhan Sancar, Wei Wei, Xiaomin Zhu, and M. Namık Çağatay New Reports of Messinian Lago-Mare Episodes from Tunisia: Ostracods and Paleoenvironmental Implications / Rim Temani, Hayet Khayati Ammar, and Francesco Sciuto Geochemical Evidences of Paleoenvironmental Changes in Late Quaternary Lacustrine Sediments of the Konya Closed Basin (Konya, Turkey) / Hükmü Orhan, Arif Delikan, Ahmet Demir, Sevinç Kapan, Kemal Olgun, Ayhan Özmen, Ülkü Sayin, Gamze Ekici, Hülya Aydin, and Atike Nazik Reconstruction of Holocene Paleoenvironmental Changes Along Northern Coast of Sfax: Analysis of Foraminiferal Associations / Afef Khadraoui, Jérôme Bonnin, Chahira Zaïbi, and Fekri Kamoun Evolution of Korba Lagoon (Cap Bon, Tunisia) During the Last Millennia Based on the Analysis of Foraminiferal Assemblages / Asma Ben Hamad, Chahira Zaïbi, Martin R. Langer, and Fekri Kamoun Paleoenvironment Evolution of a Paralic System, El Guettiate and Dreïaa Sebkhas (Gulf of Gabès, Tunisia) / Zeineb Gargouri and Kamel Zouari Part V Spatio-temporal Patterns of Climate Change Testing for Collective Statistical Significance in Climate Change Detection Studies / Radan Huth and Martin Dubrovský Long-Term Variability of Gauged Precipitation Over California and Its Links to Circulation Patterns / Luciano Rodriguez, Cyril Rakovski, Mohamed Allali, and Hesham El-Askary Sensitivity of IDF Curves to Rainfall Gauge Type / A. S. Al-Wagdany Structural Characteristics of Precipitation in Jordan / Fayez A. Abdulla and Abdulelah Al-Qadami The Shift of the Atmospheric Circulation Patterns and Its Impacts on Western Mediterranean / Mohammed-Said Karrouk Recent Rainfall Variability in the South-West Mediterranean Region and Links with Teleconnection Patterns / Sabrina Taibi, Imane Messelmi, Mohamed Meddi, and Mohamed Amine Feddal Regionalization of Precipitation in Jordan / Abdulelah Al-Qadami and Fayez A. Abdulla Correlation Between NAO and Radio Refractive Index Over Africa / Joseph Dada, Adekunle Titus Adediji, Kayode Adedayo, and Moses Ajewole Convective Cloud Climatology Over Indian Tropics and Nearby Regions Using Multi-spectral Satellite Observations / Anoop Kumar Mishra, Mohammd Rafiq, Sagarika Chandra, and Nagaiyavedu Adalarasu Sivarajan Analysis of Trend and Variability in Time Series of Extreme Daily Temperature of Abu Dhabi City (UAE) / Nishi Bhuvandas Black Carbon Aerosol Characteristics and Its Radiative Effect in Xuzhou City, China / Mengdie Xie and Wei Chen Part VI Sea Level Variability: Past, Present and Future On the Long-Term Mediterranean Sea Level Variability / Mahdi Haddad and Antonio Bonaduce Impacts of Relative Sea Level Change and Sedimentary Dynamic on an Historic Site Expansion Along the Coast Between Sfax and Jebeniena, Tunisia / Mohamed Kamoun, Afef Khadraoui, Asma Ben Hamad, Chahira Zaïbi, Martin R. Langer, Nejib Bahrouni, Mohamed Ben Youssef, and Fekri Kamoun Sedimentary Dynamic and Sea Level Variation Along Hachichina Coast (Sebkha Ras Younga, Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia) During Holocene: Response of Ostracods and Foraminifera Assemblages / Khaoula Ben Khlifa, Chahira Zaïbi, Jérome Bonnin, and Fekri Kamoun New Experimental Low Cost Technique of Sea-Level Monitoring: Toward a Sea-Level Monitoring for All / Yacine Hemdane, Mohamed Bouhmadouche, Bachir Hamadache, and Mohamed Aounallah Part VII Climate Change Impacts and Migration Schemes Economic Impact of Sand and Dust Storms on the Oil Sector in Kuwait / Ali Al-Hemoud and Safaa Al-Awadhi Spatial and Temporal Variations of Bare Land in Beijing, China: A 30-Year Analysis / Yating Chen and Aobo Liu Appraising Climate Change and Its Influence on Glaciers of South Asian Himalayan Region / Sheikh Saeed Ahmad, Javeria Saleem, and Marria Ghalib World Population: Its Connection with Climate Variations / Alexey V. Byalko Groundwater Resources Sustainability in Africa Under a Climate Change Scenario: Knowledge Gaps and Needs / Ahzegbobor P. Aizebeokhai, Kehinde D. Oyeyemi, and Adebola E. Adeniran Adaptation Strategies and Resilience to Climate Change for Warm, Dry-Summer Continental Climate in Iran / Gholamreza Roshan, José A. Orosa, Ángel M. Costa, and Rebeca Bouzón Building Energy Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in a Small Region with a Warm and Semi-humid Climate Type (Iran) / Gholamreza Roshan, José A. Orosa, Ángel M. Costa, and Rebeca Bouzón Climate-Driven Migration Assessment of Southwestern Coast of Bangladesh / Iftekharul Anam Saikat, Nabila Nawshin, and M. Tauhid Ur Rahman

Note: Contents Part I Vortex and Circulation Phenomena Numerical Study of the Cross Flow in a Non-isothermal Open Cavity / G.E. Ovando-Chacon, S.L. Ovando-Chacon, J.C. Prince-Avelino, A. Rodriguez-León and A. Servin-Martínez Oscillations of a Flexible Plate Immersed in a Vortex Street / E. Sandoval Hernández and A. Cros Experimental Study of a Vortex Generated at the Edge of a Channel with a Step / E.J. López-Sánchez, C.D. García-Molina, G. Ruiz-Chavarría and A. Medina Fluid Forces on a Flexible Circular Cylinder in Vortex-Induced Vibrations / C. Monreal-Jiménez, F. Oviedo-Tolentino, G.L. Gutiérrez-Urueta, R. Romero-Méndez and G. Mejía-Rodríguez Vortical Structures Generated Behind Flapping Foils with Different Aspect Ratios / B. Franco Llamas, E. Sandoval Hernández and A. Cros Circulation Control: A Comparative Study of Experimental and Numerical Investigation / H. Carmona, A. Cházaro, A. Traslosheros, A. Iturbe and J. Hernández CFD RANS Simulation of 2D Circulation Control Airfoil / H. Carmona, A. Cházaro, A. Traslosheros, A. Iturbe and J. Hernández Calibration of a Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) / A. Aguayo Ortiz, H. Cardoso Sakamoto, C. Echeverría Arjonilla, D. Porta Zepeda, C. Stern Forgach and G. Monsivais Galindo Measurement of the Density Inside a Supersonic Jet Using the Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) Technique / D. Porta, C. Echeverría, A. Aguayo, J.E. Hiroki Cardoso and C. Stern Part II Environmental Applications Experimental Evaluation of Specific Components Working in an Environmentally Friendly Cooling System / G. Gutierrez Urueta, F. Oviedo, R. Peña, P. Rodríguez-Aumente, C. Monreal and J. Arellano Rainfall Series Fractality in the Baja California State / A. López-Lambraño, C. Fuentes, A. López-Ramos, M. Pliego-Díaz and M. López-L Hydrodynamic Modeling for the Sustainable Management of the Guájaro Hydrosystem, Colombia / F. Torres-Bejarano, J. Padilla Coba, H. Ramírez-León, C. Rodríguez-Cuevas and R. Cantero-Rodelo Numerical Modeling of Hydrodynamics in the Agua Brava Lagoon, Located in Nayarit, Mexico / H. Barrios-Piña, H. Ramírez-León, A. Cuevas-Otero, F. Torres-Bejarano and J.T. Ponce-Palafox Hydraulic, Hydrodynamic and Environmental Design of an Offshore Outfall for the Campeche Sound Marine Region / A. Cuevas-Otero, H. Ramírez-León and H. Barrios-Piña Numerical Air Quality Forecast Modeling System: Mexico Case Study / A.R. Garcia, B.E. Mar-Morales and L.G. Ruiz-Suárez Internal Wave Observations in the Petacalco Canyon, México / A. Ruiz-Angulo and J. Zavala-Hidalgo Part III Fluid–Structure Interaction Stochastic Simulation for Couette Flow of Dilute Polymer Solutions Using Hookean Dumbbells / A. Gómez López, I. Pérez Reyes, A. López Villa and R.O. Vargas Aguilar Two-Dimensional Motion of a Viscoelastic Membrane in an Incompressible Fluid: Applications to the Cochlear Mechanics / Y.N. Domínguez-del Ángel, M. Núñez-López, J.G. González-Santos and A. López-Villa Electromagnetically Driven Flow Between Concentric Spheres: Experiments and Simulations / A. Figueroa, J.A. Rojas, J. Rosales and F. Vázquez Vibration of a Water Drop in a Hydrophobic Medium / G. Rangel Paredes, D. Porta Zepeda, C. Echeverría Arjonilla and C. Stern Forgach Analysis of an Annular MHD Stirrer for Microfluidic Applications / J. Pérez-Barrera, A. Ortiz and S. Cuevas Trajectories of Water and Sand Jets / D.A. Serrano, F. Sánchez-Silva, J. Klapp, P. Tamayo, A. Medina and G. Domínguez Coupling of P-B Equation with Stokes System: Formation of Rayleigh Jets / L.B. Gamboa and M.A. Fontelos Flow Measurement at the Inlet and Outlet Zones of an Automotive Brake Disc with Ventilation Post Pillars, Using Particle Image Velocimetry Technique / C.A. Jiménez García, G.J. Gutiérrez Paredes, J.E. Rivera López, A. López Villa and J.M. Casillas Navarrete Part IV General Fluid Dynamics and Applications Bouncing Droplets, Pilot-Waves, and Quantum Mechanics / Tomas Bohr, Anders Andersen and Benny Lautrup Phenomena of a Miscible Drop Through a Stratified Fluid / A. Zarazúa Cruz, C. Echeverría Arjonilla, D. Porta Zepeda and C. Stern Forgach Astrophysical Fluids of Novae: High Resolution Pre-decay X-Ray Spectrum of V4743 Sagittarii / J.M. Ramírez-Velasquez X-Ray Outflows of Active Galactic Nuclei Warm Absorbers: A 900 ks Chandra Simulated Spectrum / J.M. Ramírez-Velasquez and J. García Comparative Analysis of the Air Flow in Different Cultures Inside a Greenhouse Using CFD / J. Flores-Velázquez, W. Ojeda B and A. Rojano Numerical Modeling of the Knee Synovial Joint Under Deformation Using the Finite Volume Method / N. Martínez-Gutiérrez, L.A. Ibarra-Bracamontes, S.R. Galván-González, A. Aguilar-Corona and G. Viramontes-Gamboa Causal Propagation of Heat and Thermohaline Instability in Quasi-static Phenomena / A. Aguirre-Guzman and N. Falcón Dynamics of Noncohesive Confined Granular Media / N. Mujica and R. Soto Equations to Determine Energy Losses in Sudden and Gradual Change of Direction / J.J. Villegas-León, A.A. López-Lambraño, J.G. Morales-Nava, M. Pliego-Díaz, C. Fuentes and A. López-Ramos Parallel CPU/GPU Computing for Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Models / J.M. Domínguez, A. Barreiro, A.J.C. Crespo, O. García-Feal and M. Gómez-Gesteira Aquathemolysis Reaction of Heavy Oil by a MoWNiC Nanocrystalline Catalyst Produced by Mechanical Alloying / G.J. Gutiérrez Paredes, J.N. Rivera Olvera, A. López Villa and L. Díaz Barriga Arceo Correction to: Astrophysical Fluids of Novae: High Resolution Pre-decay X-Ray Spectrum of V4743 Sagittarii / J. M. Ramírez-Velasquez

Note: Contents Preface / H.-G. Herbig, M. Aretz, M.R.W. Amler & S. Hartenfels Field trip Al: The Uppermost Devonian and Lower Carboniferous in the type area of Southern Belgium / J. Denayer, C. Prestianni, B. Mottequin & E. POTY Field Trip A2: The Pennsylvanian of the Ruhr Basin and Osnabruck region, western Germany - facies, stratigraphy, and tectonics of a paralic foreland basin of the Variscides / V. Wrede, G. Drozdzewski, D. Juch, A. Leipner & M. Sowiak Field Trip A3: The classical Central European Permian: Continental "Rotliegend", marine "Zechstein", and the Permian-Triassic Transition in Germany / J. Schneider, T. Wotte, B. Gaitzsch, R. Werneburg, S. Zeibig & F. Scholze Field Trip Cl: The Mississippian Kulm Basin of the Rhenish Mountains, western Germany - fauna, facies, and stratigraphy of a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic foreland basin / H.-G. Herbig, D. Korn, M.R.W. Amler, S. Hartenfels & H. Jäger Field Trip C2: Pennsylvanian-Permian of the Saar-Nahe Basin, SW Germany / S. Voigt, T. Schindler, H. Thum & J. Fischer Field Trip C3: The Pennsylvanian-Permian of the Southern Alps (Carnic Alps/Karavanke Mts.), Austria/ Italy/Slovenia - fauna, facies and stratigraphy of a mixed carbonate- siliciclastic shallow marine platform along the northwestern Palaeotethys margin / M. Novak, H.C. Forke & H.P. Schönlaub

Note: Contents: Introduction ; 1. Climate Change: What's the Big Deal? ; 2. Business as Usual: What Are the Costs? ; 3. Why Do Economists Like a Carbon Tax? ; 4. Isn't There a Better Way? (No, There Isn't) ; 5. Cap and Trade: The Other Way to Price Pollution ; 6. What To Do With $200 Billion: Give It Back ; 7. So You Want a Carbon Tax: How Do You Design It? ; 8. Objections to a Carbon Tax ; 9. Enacting a Carbon Tax: How Do We Get There? ; Afterword - What Next?

Note: Contents: The Risk to Ecosystems and Ecosystem Services: A Framework for the Atlas of Ecosystem Services ; The Ecosystem Service Concept: Linking Ecosystems and Human Wellbeing ; The Link Between Diversity, Ecosystem Functions, and Ecosystem Services ; Embracing Community Resilience in Ecosystem Management and Research ; Risk and Uncertainty as Sources of Economic Value of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services ; Taking Social Responsibility in Using Ecosystem Services Concepts: Ethical Issues of Linking Ecosystems and Human Well-Being ; Introduction to Part II: Drivers and Their Risks for Ecosystems, Their Functions, and Services ; Scaling Sensitivity of Drivers ; The Evidence for Genetic Diversity Effects on Ecosystem Services ; Using Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs) for Projecting Ecosystem Services at Regional Scales ; Remote Sensing Measurements of Forest Structure Types for Ecosystem Service Mapping ; Mapping Land System Archetypes to Understand Drivers of Ecosystem Service Risks ; Assessment of Soil Functions Affected by Soil Management ; Mediterranean Wetlands: A Gradient from Natural Resilience to a Fragile Social-Ecosystem ; Vulnerability of Ecosystem Services in Farmland Depends on Landscape Management ; Provisioning Ecosystem Services at Risk: Pollination Benefits and Pollination Dependency of Cropping Systems at the Global Scale ; Minimising Risks of Global Change by Enhancing Resilience of Pollinators in Agricultural Systems ; Drivers of Risks for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Biogas Plants Development in Germany ; European Energy Governance Landscapes: Energy-Related Pressures on Ecosystem Services ; Wind Power Deployment as a Stressor for Ecosystem Services: A Comparative Case Study from Germany and Sweden ; Selected Trade-Offs and Risks Associated with Land Use Transitions in Central Germany ; New EU-Level Scenarios on the Future of Ecosystem Services ; The Rural-to-Urban Gradient and Ecosystem Services ; How to Reconcile the Ecosystem Service of Regulating the Microclimate with Urban Planning Projects on Brownfields? The Case Study Bayerischer Bahnhof in Leipzig, Germany ; Urban Green Infrastructure in Support of Ecosystem Services in a Highly Dynamic South American City: A Multi-Scale Assessment of Santiago de Chile ; Climate Regulation by Diverse Urban Green Spaces: Risks and Opportunities Related to Climate and Land Use Change ; Climate Change as Driver for Ecosystem Services Risk and Opportunities ; Capacity of Ecosystems to Degrade Anthropogenic Chemicals ; Impacts of Nitrogen Deposition on Forest Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity ; Ecosystem Services from Inland Waters and Their Aquatic Ecosystems ; Groundwater Ecosystems and Their Services: Current Status and Potential Risks ; Drinking Water Quality at Risk: A European Perspective ; Pesticide Effects on Stream Ecosystems ; How Good Are Bad Species? ; Alien Planktonic Species in the Marine Realm: What Do They Mean for Ecosystem Services Provision? ; Invasion of the Wadden Sea by the Pacific Oyster (Magallana gigas): A Risk to Ecosystem Services? ; International Trade and Global Flows of Ecosystem Services ; Introduction to Part III: Trade-Offs and Synergies Among Ecosystem Services ; Trade-Offs and Synergies Between Biodiversity Conservation and Productivity in the Context of Increasing Demands on Landscapes ; Climate Change Induced Carbon Competition: Bioenergy Versus Soil Organic Matter Reproduction ; Removal of Agricultural Residues from Conventional Cropping Systems ; Shrinking Cities and Ecosystem Services: Opportunities, Planning, Challenges, and Risks ; Spatial Patterns of Ecosystem Service Bundles in Germany ; Indicators of Ecosystem Services for Policy Makers in the Netherlands ; The Montérégie Connection: Understanding How Ecosystems Can Provide Resilience to the Risk of Ecosystem Service Change ; Synchronized Peak Rate Years of Global Resources Use Imply Critical Trade-Offs in Appropriation of Natural Resources and Ecosystem Services

Note: Contents: : 1: Climate Justice: Integrating Economics and Philosophy, Ravi Kanbur and Henry Shue ; 2: Poor People on the Front Line: The Impacts of Climate Change on Poverty in 2030, Julie Rozenberg and Stephane Hallegatte ; 3: Governing the Commons to Promote Global Justice: Climate Change Mitigation and Rent Taxation, Michael Jakob, Ottmar Edenhofer, Ulrike Kornek, Dominic Lenzi, and Jan Minx. ; 4: Equity Implications of the COP21 Intended Nationally Determined Contributions to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Adam Rose, Dan Wei, and Antonio Bento ; 5: Climate Change and Inequity: How to Think about Inequities in Different Dimensions, Nicole Hassoun and Anders Herlitz ; 6: Climate Change and Economic Self-Interest, Julie Nelson ; 7: Noncompliers' Duties, Anja Karnein ; 8: Divest-Invest: A Moral Case for Fossil Fuel Divestment, Alex Lenferna ; 9: Justice and Posterity, Simon Caney ; 10: Discounting and the Paradox of the Indefinitely Postponed Splurge, Matthew Rendall ; 11: The Controllability Precautionary Principle: Justification of a Climate Policy Goal under Uncertainty, Eugen Pissarskoi ; 12: The Social Cost of Carbon from Theory to Trump, Paul Kelleher ; 13: Long-term Climate Justice, John Nolt ; Appendix: Declaration on Climate Justice

Note: Contents: Introduction -- Answer -- Creating a technology -- Scientific origins -- US technology push -- Building a market -- Japanese niche markets -- German demand pull -- Making it cheap -- Chinese entrepreneurs -- Local learning -- Doing it again -- Solar as a model to follow -- Applying the model -- Accelerating innovation.

Note: Dissertation, Universität Potsdam, 2019 , Table of contents Abstract Zusammenfassung Abbreviations 1 Introduction 1.1 Scientific background 1.1.1 Permafrost in the Northern Hemisphere 1.1.2 The permafrost carbon climate feedback 1.1.3 Rapidly changing, deep permafrost environments 1.2 Aims of this dissertation 1.3 Investigated study areas 1.4 Basic method overview 1.4.1 Field work in the Arctic 1.4.2 Laboratory procedure 1.4.3 Analysis ofl andscape-scale carbon and nitrogen stocks 1.5 Thesis organization 1.6 Overview of publications 1.6.1 Publication#1 - Yedoma landscape publication 1.6.2 Publication#2 - Thermokarst lake sequence publication 1.6.3 Publication#3 - North Alaska Arctic river delta publication 1.6.4 Extended Abstract - Western Alaska river delta study 1.6.5 Appendices - Supplementary material and paper in preparation II Carbon and nitrogen pools in thermokarst-affected permafrost landscapes in Arctic Siberia 2.1 Abstract 2.2 Introduction 2.3 Material and methods 2.3.1 Study area 2.3.2 Field Work 2.3.3 Laboratory analysis 2.3.4 Landform classification and upscaling C and N pools 2.4 Results 2.4.1 Sedimentological results 2.4.2 Sampling site SOC and N stocks 2.4.3 Upscaling: Landscape SOC and N stocks 2.4.4 Radiocarbon dates 2.5 Discussion 2.5.1 Site specific soil organic C and N stock characteristics 2.5.2 Upscaling of C and N pools 2.5.3 Sediment and organic C accumulation rates 2.5.4 Characterizing soil organic carbon 2.5.5 The fate of organic carbon in thermokarst-affected yedoma in Siberia 2.6 Conclusions III Impacts of successive thermokarst lake stages on soil organic matter, Arctic Alaska 3.1 Abstract 3.2 Plain language summary 3.3 Introduction 3.4 Study site 3.5 Methods 3.5.1 Core collection 3.5.2 Biogeochemical analyses 3.5.3 Study area OC and N calculation 3.6 Results 3.6.1 Biogeochemistry 3.6.2 Sediment organic carbon and nitrogen stocks 3.6.3 Radiocarbon dates and carbon accumulation rates 3.6.4 Landscape C and N budget 3.7 Discussion 3.7.1 Impact of thermokarst lake dynamics on organic matter storage 3.7.2 High organic C and N stocks on the ACP 3.7.3 Landscape chronology 3.7.4 Organic matter accumulation 3.7.5 Future development 3.8 Conclusions IV Sedimentary and geochemical characteristics of two small permafrost-dominated Arctic river deltas in northern Alaska 4.1 Abstract 4.2 Introduction 4.3 Study area 4.4 Material and Methods 4.4.1 Soil organic carbon and soil nitrogen storage 4.4.2 Radiocarbon dating and organic carbon accumulation rates 4.4.3 Grain size distribution 4.4.4 Scaling carbon and nitrogen contents to landscape level 4.5 Results 4.5.1 Carbon and nitrogen contents 4.5.2 Radiocarbon dates and accumulation rates 4.5.3 Grain size distribution 4.5.4 Arctic river delta carbon and nitrogen storage 4.6. Discussion 4.6.1 Significance of carbon and nitrogen stocks in Arctic river deltas 4.6.2 SOC and SN distribution with depth 4.6.3 Sedimentary characteristics 4.6.3.1 Accumulation rates 4.6.3.2 Sediment distribution 4.6.4 Impacts of future changes 4.6.5 Significance of remotely sensed upscaling results 4.7 Conclusions V Soil carbon and nitrogen stocks in Arctic river deltas - New data for three Western Alaskan deltas 5.1 Abstract 5.2 Introduction 5.3 Study sites 5.4 Methods 5.5 Results and discussion 5.5 Conclusions VI Discussion 6.1 Interregional comparison 6.2 Changing thermokarst landscapes and their global impact 6.3 A growing C and N data base 6.4 Outlook - potential follow-up projects VII Synthesis VIII References Appendix A Synthesis of SOC and N inventories Appendix B Supplementary material to Chapter II Appendix C Supplementary material to Chapter III Appendix D Supplementary material to Chapter IV Appendix E Supplementary material to Chapter V Appendix F Arctic river delta data set - Version 1.0 Acknowledgements - Danksagung

Note: Contents: 1: Looking Foolish ; 2: The Demographics of Disaffiliation ; 3: Why They Say They Leave ; 4: The Night Before ; 5: Gaudium et spes, luctus et angor ; 6: The Morning After ; 7: Unto the Third and Fourth Generations ; Epilogue: Did the Council Fail?

Note: Introduction -- Time and frequency metrology in the context of relativistic geodesy -- Chronometric geodesy: methods and applications -- Measuring the gravitational field in General Relativity: From deviation equations and the gravitational compass to relativistic clock gradiometry -- A Snapshot of J. L. Synge -- General Relativistic Gravity Gradiometry -- Reference-ellipsoid and normal gravity field in post-Newtonian geodesy -- Anholonomity in Pre and Relativistic Geodesy -- Epistemic relativity: An experimental approach to physics -- Use of geodesy and geophysics measurements to probe the gravitational interaction -- Operationalization of basic relativistic measurements -- Can spacetime curvature be used in future navigation systems? -- World-line perturbation theory -- On the applicability of the geodesic deviation equation in General Relativity -- Measurement of frame dragging with geodetic satellites based on gravity field models from CHAMP, GRACE and beyond -- Tests of General Relativity with the LARES Satellites

Note: Contents Foreword by Richard Fortey ... vii Preface by A. Behrens ... ix Acknowledgements ... ix TANNER, J., BETTERTON, J., NELLER,R.&CRAIG, J. Introduction: aspects of the life and works of Sir Archibald Geikie ... 1 Geikie’s family history BETTERTON, J. The Geikie Archive at Haslemere Museum: family and professional material ... 7 CRIBB, S. J. Early life in Edinburgh and beyond: 1835–55 ... 27 TAYLOR, M. A. Autobiography and documentable fact in the family background and religious affiliation of Archibald Geikie (1835–1924) ... 39 Geikie’s friendships and professional relationships TAYLOR,M.A.‘Miller’s most important geological discovery’: Archibald Geikie (1835–1924) as pupil and memorialist of Hugh Miller (1802–56) ... 51 BUREK, C. V. Archibald Geikie: his influence on and support for the roles of female geologists ... 67 JOHNSTON, H. H. M. Forster Heddle: an intimate friendship ... 93 SORKHABI, R. Sir Archibald Geikie: the North American connections ... 113 SANDERS, A. J. A long life’s relationship: Archibald Geikie, Alexander Macmillan and his publishing house ... 139 Geikie as a field geologist BUTLER, R. W. H., MATTHEWS,S.J.&MORGAN, R. K. Geikie’sfield researches and theirgeological controversies ... 149 DEWEY, J. F. The Highland Controversy revisited: Geikie’s compounded blunder ... 179 SUMMERHAYES. C. P. Archibald Geikie and the Ice Age controversy ... 183 WORSLEY, P. Archibald Geikie as a glacial geologist ... 191 MORGAN, N. Geikie’s science in the cemetery ... 213 Unpublished Geikie material and archival resources BETTERTON, J. The Geikie Archive at Haslemere Educational Museum ... 223 BETTERTON, J. Unpublished manuscripts of Archibald Geikie ... 255 BETTERTON, J. Archival resources ... 317 Artistic family MORRISON, J. Archibald Geikie and landscape painting ... 319 SCOTT, H. E. The life and art of Walter Geikie (1795–1837) ... 337 Geological collections BENTON, M. J. Archibald Geikie and the Elgin reptiles ... 353 BETTERTON, J. Geikielite: an illustrated account of the co-type specimens ... 361 MENDUM,J.R.& HOWE, M. P. A. Geikie and the development of petrography, particularly in Scotland ... 367 A Scottish industry CRAIG,J.&UNDERHILL, J. R. Archibald Geikie’s role in the establishment of the Scottish oil shale industry ... 379 Index ... 401

Note: Contents: Preface ; 1. Pragmatism and the policy sciences ; 2. The Chicago School of Pragmatism ; 3. Functions of the decision process ; 4. Functionalism and policy change ; 5. The unity of knowledge and policy ; 6. The roots of misinterpretation ; 7. Conclusions – rediscovering the policy sciences.

Note: Contents Preface The Arctic and Antarctic – natural realms at the poles A brief history of the polar regions The human conquest of the polar regions Conclusion: The Arctic and Antarctic – two fundamentally different polar regions The polar regions as components of the global climate system Why it is so cold in the polar regions Ice floes, ice sheets and the sea Conclusion: A chain reaction with an icy end Climate change impacts in the polar regions The pathways of heat Retreating ice Conclusion: More heat – much less ice Polar flora and fauna Living in the cold Marine life Polar ecosystems in retreat Conclusion: Highly specialized and greatly threatened Polar politics and commerce The Arctic and Antarctic as political arenas An economic boom with side effects Conclusion: Growing interest in the polar regions Overall Conclusion Glossary Abbreviations Bibliography Contributors Index Partners and Acknowledgements Table of figures Publication details

Note: Table of contents Part 1: Introduction and Key Concepts 1: Introduction to Planetary Health 2: Key Concepts in Planetary Health Part 2: Conceptual Frameworks for Planetary Health 3: The Evolutionary Biology Approach: a Natural Baseline for Human Health 4: The Natural Capital Approach: Opportunities and Challenges 5: The One Earth Approach: Planetary Health in an Era of Limits 6: The Transhuman Approach: Technoscience and Nature Part 3: Human Health in an Era of Global Environmental Change 7: Trends in Human Health 8: The Demographic Transition 9: The Epidemiological Transition 10: The Ecological Transition 11: Agriculture: Land Use, Food Systems and Biodiversity 12: Urbanization, Living Standards and Sustainability 13: Energy Use, Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Global Warming 14: Environmental Protection: a Key Tool for Planetary Health 15: Conclusions: Equity, Distribution and Planetary Health Part 4: Case Studies of Planetary Health 16: Climate Change, Land Use and Waterborne Infectious Disease 17: Sanitation, Clean Energy and Fertilizer 18: Trees, Well-being and Urban Greening 19: Livestock, Antibiotics and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Note: Contents: Introduction / Stephen Macedo -- Why trust science? : perspectives from the history and philosophy of science -- Science awry -- Coda: Values in science -- Comments. The epistemology of frozen peas : innocence, violence, and everyday trust in twentieth-century science / Susan Lindee ; What would reasons for trusting science be? / Marc Lange ; Pascal's wager reframed : toward trustworthy climate policy assessments for risk societies / Ottmar Edenhofer and Martin Kowarsch ; Comments on the present and future of science, inspired by Naomi Oreskes / Jon A. Krosnick -- Response. Reply -- Afterword.

Note: Table of Contents Abstract Zusammenfassung List of Figures List of Tables 1. Introduction 1.1 Scientific Background 1.1.1 Arctic Climate Change 1.1.2 Permafrost Degradation 1.1.3 The Arctic Freshwater System and its Biogeochemistry 1.2 Objectives 1.3 Study Region and Methods 1.3.1 Study Area 1.3.2 Field Sampling and Measurements 1.3.3 Geochemical Analyses 1.3.4 Data Processing 1.4 Thesis Structure 1.5 Author Contributions 2. Spatial Variability of Dissolved Organic Carbon, Solutes and Suspended Sediment in Disturbed Low Arctic Coastal Watersheds 2.1 Abstract 2.2 Introduction 2.3 Study Site 2.4 Methods 2.4.1 Stream Monitoring 2.4.2 Mapping of Disturbances 2.4.3 Flux Estimates and Statistics 2.5 Results 2.5.1 Catchment Disturbance 2.5.2 Runoff and Hydrochemistry 2.5.3 Lateral Transport of Stream Water 2.5.4 Hydrochemical Composition and Fluxes in Nearby Streams 2.6 Discussion 2.6.1 Total Runoff and Water Quality 2.6.2 Water Quality Changes from Headwaters to Downstream 2.6.3 Changes in Hydrochemistry and Isotopic Composition over Time 2.6.4 Importance of Disturbances for Hydrochemistry 2.7 Conclusions 2.8 Supplementary Material 3. Terrestrial Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (cDOM) in Arctic Catchments - Characterizing Organic Matter Composition Across the Arctic 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Study Area 3.3 Methods 3.3.1 Field Methods and Hydrochemistry 3.3.2 Statistical Analyses 3.4 Results 3.4.1 Meteorological Conditions and General Hydrochemistry 3.4.2 DOC and cDOM Absorption Characteristics 3.4.3 Downstream Patterns of DOC and cDOM Along Longitudinal Transects 3.4.4 Temporal Trends ofDOC and cDOM with Changing Meteorological Conditions 3.5 Discussion 3.5.1 Limitations of cDOM Measurements from Terrestrial Sources 3.5.2 Catchment Processes and Biogeochemical Cycling 3.5.2.1 Regional Catchment Properties 3.5.2.2 Rainfall Events 3.5.2.3 Downstream Patterns and Impact of Permafrost Disturbance 3.5.3 Nature of cDOM-DOC Across the Terrestrial Arctic 3.6 Conclusion 3.7 Supplementary Material 4. Summer Rainfall DOC, Solute and Sediment Fluxes in a Small Arctic Coastal Catchment on Herschel Island (Yukon Territory, Canada) 4.1 Abstract 4.2 Introduction 4.3 Study Site 4.4 Methodology 4.4.1 Weather data 4.4.2 Hydrology 4.4.3 Suspended Sediment and Hydrochemistry 4.4.4 Flux Estimates and Statistics 4.5 Results 4.5.1 Meteorological Conditions 4.5.2 Streamflow and Electrical Conductivity 4.5.3 Transport of Suspended Sediment and Organic Matter 4.5.4 Solute Transport 4.5.5 Alluvial Fan Sampling 4.6 Discussion 4.6.1 Hydrological Response 4.6.2 Water Quality and Fluxes 4.6.3 Rainfall Response and Flow Pathways 4.7 Conclusions 4.8 Supplementary Material 5. Synthesis 5.1 Impacts of Permafrost Degradation on Stream Biogeochemistry 5.2 Controls on DOM Quality across the Arctic 5.3 Biogeochemical Fluxes from Small Coastal Catchments to the Arctic Ocean 5.4 Challenges 5.5 Outlook Acronyms Bibliography Acknowledgements Eidesstattliche Erklärung