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  • Artikel  (43)
  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (43)
  • Neueste Artikel (Zeitschrifteninhaltsverzeichnisse / in press)
  • Immunocytochemistry  (29)
  • Calcium
  • Springer  (43)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1980-1984  (43)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1982  (43)
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  • Artikel  (43)
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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (43)
  • Neueste Artikel (Zeitschrifteninhaltsverzeichnisse / in press)
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  • Springer  (43)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • Annual Reviews
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  • 1980-1984  (43)
  • 1935-1939
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Saliva ; Calcium ; Phosphate ; Ion-binding ; Supersaturation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Previous ultrafiltration studies indicated that up to one-half of the calcium and two-thirds of the phosphate in human salivary secretions may be bound by salivary proteins. Since this binding is an important variable in determining the extent of salivary supersaturation with respect to calcium phosphate salts, and since the amount of binding reported is surprisingly large, calcium and phosphate ion-binding by salivary macromolecules has been reexamined. From experiments using equilibrium dialysis, it was found that (1) the fraction of salivary calcium involved in macromolecular complexes ranges from a few percent for unstimulated secretions, to no more than about 10% for stimulated glandular salivas, and (2) salivary proteins do not bind phosphate ions to any significant extent. These findings, and experiments using an improved ultrafiltration membrane, indicate that the earlier results were artifacts of the ultrafiltration technique. Fractionation of salivary proteins, followed by equilibrium dialysis measurements, showed that the anionic proline-rich proteins and a basic proline-rich glycoprotein are responsible for most of the calcium binding now observed. The finding that macromolecular complexes of salivary calcium and phosphate have been overestimated in the past, leads to the conclusion that salivary calcium and phosphate ion activities in stimulated salivary secretions may be up to 50 to 100% higher than previously thought. Revised values were therefore used to recalculate the degree of salivary supersaturation with respect to calcium phosphate salts. The results indicate that stimulated salivary secretions are supersaturated with respect to dicalcium phosphate dihydrate; this is a substantially greater degree of supersaturation than previously reported.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 253-257 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Prednisolone ; Calcium ; Bone ; Corticoid osteopenia ; Vitamin D metabolites
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Adult male rats were fed a diet containing 0.15% calcium, 0.3% phosphorus, and either 100, 50, or 20 mg of prednisolone per kg of diet. All these levels of prednisolone led to osteopenia, decreased intestinal absorption of calcium, slightly lower serum calcium and phosphorus, and a decreased level of serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Exogenous parenteral 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 corrected steroid-induced changes in serum calcium and phosphorus, but could not completely correct the low intestinal calcium transport; nor did it prevent the development of osteopenia. The prednisolone-induced osteopenia seems at least in part to be caused by impaired intestinal calcium transport. The impaired calcium transport may be the result of low levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and a direct effect of presnisolone on the intestine.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 43-48 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Calcium ; Phosphate ; Phosphatidylserine ; Transport ; Mineralization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Experiments were performed to study the effect of inorganic phosphate (Pi) on phosphatidylserine-mediated Ca2+ transport utilizing two- and three-compartment lipid-aqueous phase model systems. When the three-compartment model was used, the rate of Ca2+ transport from an aqueous donor compartment to an aqueous receiver compartment, separated by a nonaqueous phospholipid phase, was determined. This experiment showed that the rate of Ca2+ transport was proportional to the phosphatidylserine concentration and the pH. Pi modulated the rate of Ca2+ transport; even when the Pi concentration of the donor aqueous phase was low, there was a marked enhancement of transport. To determine whether the Pi-mediated rise in the Ca2+ transport rate was due to an increase in the uptake of Ca2+ into the lipid phase, or to an increase in the ability of the lipid phase to release Ca2+, a two-compartment model was used. It was found that the ability of the phosphatidylserine phase to take up Ca2+ increased as the Pi concentration of the aqueous donor phase was raised. With the increase in Ca2+ uptake there was a concomitant elevation in the rate of Ca2+ transport into an aqueous receiver phase. However, Pi did not stimulate Ca2+ release from the phosphatide. Thus it was concluded that Pi enhanced the interaction between Ca2+ and phosphatidylserine, possibly by forming a Ca-phospholipid-Pi complex. Once this interaction had taken place, Ca2+ release into the aqueous receiver compartment was independent of the Pi concentration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 121-124 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone ; Calcium ; Metabolism
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Bone Gla protein (BGP) was measured in the plasma by radioimmunoassay (RIA) during treatment of 59 patients with bone diseases including Paget's disease (N=9), primary hyperparathyroidism (N=25), chronic renal failure (N=20), and cancer involving bone (N=5). Plasma BGP was increased above normal in all patients. BGP decreased in the patients with Paget's disease following the acute and chronic administration of salmon calcitonin. Plasma BGP was higher in women then in men with primary hyperparathyroidism. Following parathyroidectomy, BGP decreased in both sexes but the decrease was significant in women only. Plasma BGP was increased in patients with renal osteodystrophy and did not change after hemodialysis. In the patients with bone cancer, plasma BGP decreased during treatment of the attendant hypercalcemia with salmon calcitonin. Although plasma BGP and serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels were generally correlated in these studies, there were examples of dissociation between the two. The measurement of plasma BGP appears to provide a specific index of bone metabolism that may in some circumstances be more sensitive than serum alkaline phosphatase measurement. However, further studies are necessary to establish the clinical value of plasma BGP measurement by RIA in the management of patients with bone diseases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 9 (1982), S. 131-136 
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Schlagwort(e): Chemotaxis ; Calcium ; Oscillation ; Dictyostelium ; Ionophore
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Migration of differentiated cells to a capillary containing cyclic AMP was enhanced in the presence of 1 mM CaCl2 and was virtually absent in the presence of 1 mM EGTA. Furthermore, the cells contracted and extended pseudopods to a capillary filled with the calcium ionophore A 23187. At short distances, migration to the tip of the capillary was observed. The ionophore also induced transient decreases of the optical density of suspended cells indicating changes of cell shape. These findings support the hypothesis that cyclic AMP-binding to cell surface receptors causes a local influx of calcium ions. These in turn lead to an increase of the cytosolic calcium concentration and subsequently to an activation of cell migration. Perturbing pulses of the ionophore induced permanent phase shifts of free-running light scattering oscillations. This result indicates that cytosolic calcium is an intrinsic component of the oscillatory system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Protoplasma 111 (1982), S. 221-233 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Schlagwort(e): Calcium ; Flagellar scales ; Green algae ; Scale topography ; Tetraselmis cordiformis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The structure and topography of flagellar scales (underlayer scales, rodshaped scales, hair-scales) in the green flagellateTetraselmis cordiformis has been studied in detail and the effect of divalent cations and fixation conditions on scale structure and topography was followed quantitatively. Hair-scales occur in two rows on opposite sides of a flagellum and are linked to the flagellar membrane and to two axonemal doublets by B-tubule-flagellar membrane connectives. Underlayer scales form about 24 longitudinal rows along the flagellum and occur in two distinctive shapes (pentagonal and square). The square shaped underlayer scales are related in position to the attachment sites of the hair-scales. Rod-shaped scales occur in about 20 longitudinal rows along the flagellum and are characteristically positioned as “double scales”. Calcium in the culture medium is necessary to retain rod-shaped scales on the flagellum, absence of calcium or chelation with EGTA or pyrophosphate leads to disappearance of rod-shaped scales from the flagellum. Other divalent cations can only partially substitute for calcium. It is suggested that calcium provides the linkage between underlayer scales and rod-shaped scales inTetraselmis. Flagellar scales inTetraselmis apparently fall into two categories: a) hair-scales (not affected by fixation or absence of divalent cations, firmly bound to axonemal microtubules via the flagellar membrane), b) underlayer scales and rod-shaped scales (affected by fixation and absence of divalent cations, kept on the flagellum mainly by electrostatic forces). The function of flagellar scales inTetraselmis is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Protoplasma 112 (1982), S. 92-100 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Schlagwort(e): Discophrya ; Tentacle contraction ; Cations ; Calcium ; Ultrastructure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Discophrya collini is a suctorian protozoan with contractile tentacles containing a microtubule-lined canal and microfilaments. The effects of a range of cations on tentacle contraction and ultrastructure have been determined. Treatment with 80 mM CaCl2 and 95 mM MgCl2 causes contraction to 28% and 57% of the control length respectively. Re-extension takes over 4 hours in the culture medium, but CaCl2-treated tentacles are re-extended after a 5 minutes treatment with 10−2 M EDTA or 5 × 10−3 M EGTA. CuCl2 causes a significant contraction at 10−5 M (to 77%); LaCl3 at 10−4 M (to 65%); ZnCl2 at 10−2 M (to 65%), but BaCl2, CoCl2, MnCl2, NiCl2, and SrCl2 cause significant changes only at 10−1 M. The cytoplasm of CaCl2-treated cells contains two forms of membraneous structures when viewed in TEM; that of MgCl2-treated cells reveals granular areas of medium electron density. None of these features are seen in control cells. The microtubules of the tentacle canal appear to be intact upon its retraction into the cell with no change occurring in the numbers or relative positions of the microtubules. The tentacle cortex is wrinkled. It is suggested from this and previous work that tentacle contraction may be mediated by a microfilament-based mechanism, and that calcium may be involved.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant and soil 64 (1982), S. 215-224 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Calcium ; chloride-extractable Cu ; Copper ; EDTA-extractable Cu ; Incubation ; Isotopically-exchangeable Cu ; Moisture content ; Temperature
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The amount of copper extracted from soils by EDTA was found to increase with the temperature of extraction. Under controlled conditions of extraction, the amount of applied copper extracted from soils by EDTA decreased during incubation of soils under both moist and dry conditions. The recovery of applied copper by EDTA appeared to be related to the amounts of manganese and iron oxides in the soil. On the basis of comparisons with calcium chloride-extractable copper and isotopically-exchangeable copper it is suggested that EDTA extraction could over-estimate the availability of soil copper to plants.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant and soil 64 (1982), S. 381-391 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Atmosphere ; Calcium ; Fertility ; Forestry ; Magnesium ; Nitrogen ; Nutrients ; Phosphorus ; Pinus caribaea ; Potassium ; Savanna ; Sodium
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Fertility levels in soils beneathPinus caribaea trees were examined in the Mountain Pine Ridge savannas, Belize, where fire control has precipitated the development of pine woodland. Slight surface soil enrichment was recorded beneath pine canopies, but to levels well below those found beneath associated hardwoods. Estimates of total nutrient pools beneath trees showed modest cation accumulation beneath a 73 year old tree but some defecits in Ca and Mg beneath a 24 year old tree. A tap root cutting experiment on trees of the same species revealed no significant declines in foliar nutrient levels after 19 months. It is concluded that no pronounced long-term deterioration in soil fertility levels is developing beneath stands ofP. caribaea in the savanna, although some temporary nutrient declines may exist beneath young pine stands. Atmospheric inputs are the most likely source of nutrient accretion and it is suggested that the establishment of hardwood associates with pine may enhance the rates of nutrient capture from this source.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant and soil 65 (1982), S. 319-334 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Arachis hypogaea L. ; Calcium ; Gypsum ; Lime ; Nodulation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary In order to study the reasons for poor peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) performance on an Avalon medium sandy loam, a three year field study was undertaken to investigate the effects of lime and gypsum applications on growth, yield and quality. Rates of up to 2,400 kg agricultural lime/ha/annum significantly increased soil pH (1N KCl) and exch. Ca and decreased levels of exch. Al and Al saturation in the soil (0–150 mm). The effect of the same rates of gypsum was much less marked, only exch. Ca increasing and Al saturation decreasing to any substantial extent. In the absence of lime (i.e. even where gypsum was applied). nodulation was poor and the plants developed a general chlorosisc. 90 days after planting. Liming markedly improved nodulation whereas annual applications of gypsum had the opposite effect. Liming significantly increased the hay, pod and kernel yields by up to 73, 105 and 117%, respectively. On average, gypsum applications had no significant effects. Liming increased shelling percentage, the percentage mature pods, 100-kernel mass and protein concentration in the kernel, and decreased the incidence of pops and kernels with black plumule. Applications of gypsum had little effect on quality except for a decreased incidence of black plumule. It appeared that the improved crop performance with liming resulted from a reduction in Al toxicity which improved nodulation. Calcium deficiency did not appear to be a major cause of poor peanut growth and quality in the unameliorated soil.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant and soil 69 (1982), S. 105-118 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Calcium ; Fertility ; Forestry ; Magnesium ; Nitrogen ; Nutrients ; Phosphorus ; Pinus caribaea ; Potassium ; Savanna
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Concentrations of P, N, K, Ca, and Mg in above-ground tissues ofP. caribaea were sampled in the species'native savanna habitat. Concentrations were relatively low, but some evidence of higher consumption of K and Ca was found in trees grown on more fertile soils. Regressions were developed to predict the quantities of nutrients sequestered in above-ground tree tissues, and estimates made of the quantities stored in above-ground stands of this species in its native habitat and in several plantations elsewhere. Estimates were also made of the nutrient removals to be expected by harvesting these stands in different ways. Nutrient quantities stored in stands generally exceed those extractable from savanna surface soils, and it is suggested that inputs from the atmosphere are the most probable alternate nutrient source. A comparison of these inputs for tropical areas with the quantities required for stand growth in the savanna, and harvesting removals, suggests that an adequate supply of all elements except P exists, provided that capture by pine is effective. However, atmospheric inputs generally fall below the storage and harvest removal rates for fast growing exotic plantations of this species suggesting that multiple rotations of these plantations at current growth rates may not be feasible without artifical fertilization.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant and soil 69 (1982), S. 311-326 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Aeration ; Calcium ; Carbon dioxide ; Ethylene ; Nitrate ; Nitrite ; Nitrous oxide ; Oxygen ; Potassium ; Roots ; Triticum aestivum ; Waterlogging ; Wheat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary We report a study of the mechanism by which the response of plants to waterlogging can be modified by soil temperature. Wheat was grown initially in well-aerated soil in a controlled environment room before the soil was flooded with aerated, deionized water. The soil temperature was maintained constant in the range 6–18°C while the air temperature was at 14°C. Waterlogging damage was greater in plants at the higher soil temperatures when the plants were compared at the same chronological age. However, when compared at the same growth stage, the response to soil temperature was little differenti.e. plants subjected to waterlogging for a long time at low soil temperatures exhibited a similar reduction in growth and other properties as those subjected briefly at higher temperatures. The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the soil solution declined rapidly at all temperatures, being almost zero after 36 h waterlogging. Temperature affected rates of change of the concentrations of dissolved carbon dioxide, ethylene, nitrous oxide, nitrite, nitrate, calcium and potassium. The importance of soil-and plant-determined properties in the waterlogging response of plants at different temperatures are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Calcareous ; Calcium ; Chlorosis ; Eucalyptus obliqua ; Germination ; Potassium/calcium ratio
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A comparative study of two populations ofE. obliqua has shown that germination of an acidic population is severely reduced at high levels of Ca, whereas a calcareous population maintained high germinability over a wide range of Ca concentrations. In contrast, seedlings of both populations showed a similar overall response in yield to an increasing supply of external Ca. However, plants from the acidic population tended to show a lower survival rate and poorly growing plants accumulated higher levels of Ca and P at high external concentrations of Ca than the calcareous population. Plants showing severe chlorosis and symptoms of P and Ca toxicity also exhibited low K/Ca ratios.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Vertebrate-type neuropeptides ; Neuroendocrine system of insects ; Neurosecretion ; Peptidergic neurons ; Immunocytochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The presence and differential distribution of substances antigenically related to known vertebrate neuropeptides demonstrated within the corpus cardiacum of the insect Leucophaea are as follows: Of ten mammalian antisera tested, six yielded substantial immunoreactive deposits resembling oxytocin, somatostatin, Substance P, met-enkephalin, bombesin, and neurotensin, respectively. In the remaining four, the reaction was moderate (vasopressin, β-endorphin) or marginal (LH-RF, calcitonin). With regard to their regional distribution, these biochemically distinct reaction products seem to fall into two groups: (1) Materials resembling oxytocin, vasopressin, met-enkephalin, β-endorphin (and presumably also neurotensin and LH-RF) predominate in the central release area of the organ and are considered to be of extrinsic (cerebral) origin. (2) Substances localized primarily in areas rich in intrinsic glandular cells of the corpus cardiacum, and revealed by antisera raised against somatostatin, Substance P, and bombesin, are judged to be synthesized and stored within this organ. In peptidergic fibers entering the adjacent corpora allata, thus far Substance P-, β-endorphin-, and LH-RF-like immunoreactivities have been demonstrated. Some of these “new” neuropeptides may be contained in classical neurosecretory neurons, formerly identified by less specific methods, others must be assigned to additional peptidergic neurons heretofore unknown.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Immunocytochemistry ; Cardioactive peptide ; Lymnaea stagnalis ; Neurohormone ; Neurotransmitter
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary With an antiserum to the molluscan cardioactive tetrapeptide FMRF-amide immunoreactive perikarya and nerve fibers were identified in the central and peripheral nervous system of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. Their localization is described. The same antiserum yielded reactive product in particular cells of the epithelium of the alimentary tract. The use of two different fixatives, glutaraldehyde, and a mixture of glutaraldehyde, picric acid, and acetic acid (GPA) showed that certain nerve cells can be identified only in material fixed with either the one or the other of these two fixatives, a result which indicates that in Lymnaea more than one FMRF-amide-like substance may occur. “Positive” axon endings were found in the periphery of various nerves, i.e., in places where neurohormones are released into the blood. Other fibers were found to end, probably synaptically, on other neurons, on epithelial cells in the stomach, and between muscle cells in various parts of the body, e.g., in the heart. In these cases the FMRF-amide-like substance may function as a neurotransmitter or a neuromodulator.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Rat brain ; Hypothalamus ; Prolactin ; Immunocytochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The presence of prolactin (PRL)-like material is demonstrated in the brain of rats with the aid of anti-ovine PRL (oPRL) IgG as primary antibody in the unlabeled antibody-enzyme method. Immunoreactive deposits are visualized as an intraneuronal constituent with a widespread distribution in the hypothalamus and neural lobe of the pituitary. Dense networks of reactive nerve terminals derived from two prominent fibre tracts, a ventral (VHT) and a dorsal hypothalamo-neurohypophysial tract (DHT) are seen. The VHT is confined to the median eminence and pars oralis tuberis, the DHT to the pars caudalis tuberis. Both fibre tracts pass through the infundibular stalk into the neural lobe. The origin of the immunoreactive nerve terminals can be elucidated only to some extent. The VHT gives off beaded fibres entering the ependymal and glandular layer of the median eminence. Immunoreactive perikarya are observed in the supraoptic nucleus, the paraventricular nucleus, the anterior hypothalamic nucleus, the anterior commissural nucleus, the preoptic nucleus and the interstitial nucleus of the stria terminalis. A few of the immunoreactive perikarya are observed in close connection with brain vessels and the ependymal cells of the third ventricle. The results indicate that the anti-oPRL has a unique region specificity implying that only a segment of the mammalian PRL molecule is present in these nuclei of the brain. Fragments of PRL may function as neuromodulators or neurotransmitters in the rat brain.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Cryo-ultramicrotomy ; Immunocytochemistry ; Pituitary gland ; Gonadotropic cells ; Salmo gairdneri
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The most frequently occurring cell types in the pars distalis of the pituitary gland of the rainbow trout, (i) the lactotropic, (ii) the gonadotropic, and (iii) the somatotropic cells, were identified in cryosections. Their morphological characteristics were compared with those of Epon-embedded material. Cell location, cell form, position of the nucleus, arrangement of rough endoplasmic reticulum and sizes of secretory granules proved to be useful parameters for identification. The size distribution of secretory granules of corresponding cells in cryosections and Epon sections proved to be similar. Additionally, both the immunoferritin and the unlabeled antibody enzyme method were applied for the immunocytochemical labeling of gonadotropic hormone-producing cells in cryosections. Anti-salmon-GTH as well as anti-carp-GTH serum showed the presence of GTH in both the smaller and the larger granules of the classical GTH cells, but also produced a reaction in TSH cells. Labelling of TSH cells was absent when using anti-β-carp-GTH. Specificity of the reaction depended upon the degree of dilution of the anti-GTH serum. Results with dilutions of 1∶4,000 and 1∶8,000 in the unlabeled antibody enzyme method, and of 1∶8,000 up to 1∶32,000 in the immunoferritin technique were optimal. Acid phosphatase activity in the smaller granules was demonstrated by enzyme cytochemistry in Epon sections. The relationship of the presence of hormone in these granules is discussed. The high sensitivity of the immunocytochemical labeling procedure is discussed with respect to cryo-ultramicrotomy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Schistosoma mansoni ; Freeze-dried cryosections ; X-ray microanalysis ; Calcium ; Peripheral nervous system
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A conspicuous feature of freeze-dried cryosections of male Schistosoma mansoni is the presence of groups of electron-dense granules. X-ray analysis in the TEM of these granules shows them, in comparison with the adjacent cytoplasm, to contain significantly greater amounts of sodium and calcium. In glutaraldehyde-fixed material, these granules have been correlated with the membrane-bounded, electron-dense granules found within the axons of the peripheral nervous system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Substance P ; Immunocytochemistry ; Neurohypophysis ; Hypothalamus ; Mouse
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Substance-P immunoreactivity has been located in semithin sections of mouse hypothalami and pituitaries and compared with the distribution of other hypothalamic peptides. In the mouse, nerve fibres and terminals reacting with antibodies against substance P (SP) were detected both in the external zone of the median eminence (ME) and in the neural lobe of the pituitary. Immunoreactive SP (ISP) axons of the ME did not react with antibodies against other peptides, i.e. arginine-vasopressin (AVP), oxytocin (OT), somatostatin and enkephalin, and were also negative with an antibody to serotonin. In the neural lobe, SP immunostaining occurred in AVP but not in OT axons. In the hypothalamus, ISP axons were widespread but conspicuously lacking in areas containing AVP neurones, i. e. in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the clusters of AVP cells in the SO and PV nuclei. In contrast, multiple ISP endings were seen in contact with OT neurones. Immunoreactive cell bodies, only detected after colchicine treatment, belonged to two distinct classes of neurones: 1) single AVP neurones of the SO and PV nuclei; 2) specific (staining only for SP) neurones, scattered or grouped in different areas of the hypothalamus, not showing relationship with any circumscribed nucleus. These results reinforce the opinion that SP can be released as a neurohormone into the vascular portal system and can directly affect the pars distalis. The presence of immunoreactive SP in the neural lobe, which has not been reported in species other than the mouse, may have a different physiological significance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Substantia nigra (rat) ; Substance P ; Striatonigral pathway ; Immunocytochemistry ; Synaptic vesicles ; Synapses
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A monoclonal antibody that recognises the C-terminal part of substance P was used to study immunoreactive structures in the substantia nigra by the unlabeled antibody, peroxidase-antiperoxidase procedure. Immunoreactivity was present in nerve fibres in all parts of the substantia nigra, particularly in the pars reticulata and pars lateralis. Electron microscopically two types of bouton immunoreactive for substance P were found: Type 1 contained large electron-lucent vesicles, occasional large granulated vesicles and formed symmetrical synapses with dendrites. Type 2 boutons contained smaller, round electron-lucent vesicles, many large granular vesicles and formed asymmetrical synapses (having prominent postjunctional dense bodies) with dendrites and perikarya. Immunoreactive fibres with varicosities that had been identified light microscopically were studied in serial sections in the electron microscope. Each identified varicosity contained synaptic vesicles and formed a single synapse. An individual fibre formed boutons of only one kind (type 1 or type 2) and could form multiple synapses with the same neuron. Thus, an identified fibre in the pars compacta had eight varicosities, each of which was in synaptic contacts (type 2) with the dendrites or soma of the same neuron. The results are consistent with the concept that substance P is a synaptic transmitter in the substantia nigra and indicate that neurons in this region may receive a significant input from substance P-containing afferents, and that there are at least two types of such afferent fibres.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 223 (1982), S. 627-639 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Immunocytochemistry ; Progesterone-binding protein (PBP) ; Placenta ; Guinea pig
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The cellular localization of progesterone-binding protein (PBP) in the guinea-pig placenta was studied by use of immunocytochemical procedures. Within the chorioallantoic placenta, a strong positive reaction was observed in the interlobar and marginal trophoblast from the third week of gestation to term. PBP was localized in the cytoplasm of the syncytiotrophoblast, and the nuclei were never stained. At the ultrastructural level, the immunoreaction was associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus and the perinuclear space. No deposits were seen in any other cell organelles. This localization strongly suggests that the interlobar syncytium is related to PBP synthesis. In the labyrinth, a weak immunoreaction was observed by light microscopy around some blood lacunae. At the ultrastructural level the dense deposits were localized in vesicles located near the maternal lacunae. The distribution of PBP was also studied by light microscopy in other tissues from pregnant guinea-pig. No PBP, or PBP-like material, was detected inside cells from liver, muscle, heart, lung, kidney, ovary, and uterus. A weak immunoreaction for PBP was detected in vascularized zones of these organs. These observations strongly suggest that PBP, a protein related to gestation in the guinea-pig, is elaborated by the placental tissue of this hystricomorph rodent. PBP is the first steroid-binding plasma protein shown to be of extrahepatic origin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 223 (1982), S. 695-698 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pineal gland ; Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) ; Immunocytochemistry ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Immunoreactive luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)-like material has been demonstrated in the pineal gland of the adult rat. The objective of the present study was to examine the ontogenetic development of this LHRH-like substance in the rat pineal with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method of Sternberger. LHRH-like immunoreactive material was not observed in pineal glands of newborn rats. The amount of material increased progressively from the 6th–12th day of postnatal development. On day 12, the amount of LHRH-like immunoreactivity was consistent and comparable in all pineal glands of male and female animals examined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 23
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Gonadotrophs ; Male rats ; Immunocytochemistry ; Cytophotometry ; Image analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Quantitative studies on the population of the gonadotropic cells in the pituitary of adult male rats were performed after trypsic dissociation of the pituitary glands and immunoenzymatic staining with anti-β-LH or anti-β-FSH antisera. Number, area and extinction of labelled cells were measured by use of an image analyser and a cytophotometer. The gonadotrophs represent approximately 14% of the pituitary cells. The mean area of gonadotrophs is significantly larger after staining with anti-β-LH serum than after staining with anti-β-FSH serum. Planimetric measurement of the gonadotrophs reveals their variability in size ranging between 30 and 160 μm2. Moreover, the size distribution depends on the staining serum used: more numerous small-sized cells (〈75 μm2) are stained with anti-β-FSH serum than with anti-β-LH serum, which conversely stains more numerous large-sized cells. Cytophotometric measurements indicate that immunostaining varies greatly among cells of the same size class and that the staining intensity appears to increase according to the cell size. These results emphasize the morphofunctional heterogeneity of the gonadotropic cell population.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 24
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Somatostatin ; Immunocytochemistry ; CSF-contacting neurons ; Hypothalamus ; Xenopus laevis, tadpoles ; Amphibia, Anura
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In untreated tadpoles of Xenopus laevis, stage 60 (Nieuwkoop and Faber 1956), somatostatin-immunoreactive perikarya and fiber networks are already discernible in the pallium and the septum, as well as in the anterior and posterior hypothalamus. In addition, somatostatin-immunoreactive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-contacting neurons were found in the periventricular gray of the most caudal division of the ventral tuber cinereum. The results are discussed with respect to the inhibitory influence of the system of CSF-contacting and other somatostatin-immunoreactive neurons on the anterior pituitary and other target sites, especially during the climax of metamorphosis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 225 (1982), S. 79-93 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Immunoreactive prolactin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Circumventricular organs ; Choroid plexus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Immunoreactive prolactin (IMP) has been localized in the male rat brain using the soluble peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) technique. In normal untreated animals, reaction product was seen in choroid plexus (CP) and in ependymal cells of the ventricular lining with heaviest concentrations of positively staining cells in the 3rd ventricle near the subcommisural organ (SCO), in the lateral ventricles near the subfornical organ (SFO), and in the 4th ventricle near the area postrema (AP). IMP was also present in numerous ependymal cells resembling tanycytes in the cerebral aqueduct, central canal of the spinal cord at the level of the AP, the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and the floor of the infundibular recess. Immunoreactive cells resembling neurons were localized within the substance of the AP, SCO, and OVLT. IMP was also present in fibers of the zona externa of the median eminence and infundibular stalk; a few cells of the pars tuberalis contained reaction product. Hypophysectomized rats and bromocriptine-treated rats exhibited a similar staining pattern except that bromocriptine treatment eliminated IMP from most CP cells. Hypophysectomy, bromocriptine or estrogen treatment enhanced staining for IMP in cells of the pars tuberalis; estrogen treatment or hypophysectomy produced an increase in the number and distribution of immunoreactive cells as well as increased density of reaction product in cells of the medial habenular nucleus. The functional relevance of prolactin in these locations in the brain, the possible routes of transport of prolactin from the pituitary gland to the central nervous system, and the strong suggestion of extra-pituitary sites of synthesis of a prolactin-like hormone are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 26
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Domestic fowl ; Hypothalamus ; LHRH-neurosecretion ; Immunocytochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The location of LHRH-containing neuronal elements was investigated in the domestic fowl by means of immunohistochemical techniques. LHRH antisera were raised against synthetic LHRH in the rabbit. The antiserum used in the present study cross-reacted with LHRH of mammalian and avian tissues. LHRH-immunoreactive perikarya are located in the preoptic and in the septal areas, and in the bulbus olfactorius; however, no LHRH-immuno-reactive perikarya were found in the tuberal part of the hypothalamus. LHRH-immunoreactive fibers course from these areas toward the median eminence mainly along the wall of the third ventricle in the form of a periventricular network. Originating from the same cell groups other fibers run caudally immediately above the optic chiasma, forming the median bundle of the tractus preoptico-infundibularis. The third bundle running toward the OVLT is named the tractus preoptico-terminalis. In addition to these structures, LHRH-containing fibers and terminals were also present in different regions of the limbic system, in the dorsal part of the hippocampus, in the tuberculum and bulbus olfactorius, as well as in the optic lobe, nuclei commissurales tectales, organon subcommissurale, periaqueductal area, and pars ventralis mesencephali. The general distribution of the LHRH system in the chicken corresponds principally to that described previously in rodents (Sétáló et al. 1976, 1978). However, some subtle differences were demonstrated between the location of the LHRH system in birds and mammals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 227 (1982), S. 93-112 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Neurophysins ; Immunocytochemistry ; Age-dependent changes ; Hypophysectomy ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The hypothalamo-extrahypophyseal neurophysin pathways (HEH) and the three hypothalamic nuclei secreting neurophysins, the supraoptic (SON), paraventricular (PVN) and suprachiasmatic (SCN) nuclei, of normal and hypophysectomized rats were studied by application of the immunoperoxidase procedure. Eight well-defined HEH pathways were recognized. Their main sites of projection were: lateral septum and subfornical organ (1 and 2); tractus diagonalis (3); medial nucleus of the amygdala and lateral ventricle (4); nucleus periventricularis thalami, nucleus habenulae lateralis and periaqueductal gray (5); periaqueductal gray, pineal organ, collicular recess and subependymal region of the fourth ventricle (6); dorsomedial nucleus and premammillary area (7); perimammillary region, corpus trapezoideum, ventral surface of medulla oblongata, nucleus tractus solitarii, nucleus commissuralis, substantia gelatinosa and formatio reticularis lateralis of the medulla oblongata and spinal cord (8). Neurophysin fibers of unknown origin were found in the frontal cerebral cortex. It was noted that in pathway 5 the amount of immunostainable material undergoes changes with age. The three neurophysin-secreting nuclei reacted differently following hypophysectomy. Among the HEH pathways the only one that seemed to be affected by hypophysectomy was that innervating the lateral septum. It is suggested that the neurons that survive hypophysectomy either do not project to the neural lobe or, alternatively, display axon collaterals projecting outside the neural lobe. Such a neuronal population could be the origin of the HEH pathways.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 227 (1982), S. 423-427 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Liver (Rat) ; Albumin ; Metabolism ; Hepatocytes ; Immunocytochemistry ; Nutrition
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The indirect immunoperoxidase method was used to identify albumin in hepatocytes of rats before and after periods of starvation. All hepatocytes in fed rats contained a relatively large amount of nascent albumin. Overnight fasting reduced the number of hepatocytes with a large amount of albumin to primarily those surrounding terminal hepatic venules. These were estimated to be about 30% of the population. The other cells had only a slight amount of albumin. After 48 h of fasting all hepatocytes contained a low level of albumin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 221 (1982), S. 493-504 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Luteinizing hormone ; releasing hormone ; Immunocytochemistry ; Distribution ; Forebrain ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The distribution of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)-immunoreactive perikarya and processes was examined, in the untreated rat, with the unlabeled antibody enzyme method of immunocytochemistry on thick 50 μm vibratome sections. LHRH neurons were primarily observed in the preoptico-anterior hypothalamic and septal areas. Projections from these cell bodies to the median eminence form three distinct pathways, one laterally along the course of the optic tracts, one medially through the periventricular stratum of the third ventricle, and one through the tractus infundibularis. In addition, some of these cell bodies project to the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and the subfornical organ (SFO). LHRH immunoreactive neurons were also noted in the anterior olfactory regions; they project along the medial olfactory tract to the olfactory bulb.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 222 (1982), S. 81-100 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Turtle ; Immunocytochemistry ; Pars tuberalis ; Pituitary ; Hormones
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Examination of pituitaries from young and adult turtles representing four families, reveals that in addition to the abundant juxtaneural pars tuberalis (JuxPT) found in this class of reptiles, there is generally a substantial amount of pars tuberalis (PT) tissue closely associated with the pars distalis (PD). The PT forms a cortical layer especially conspicuous around the anterior tip of the PD in some species (Trionyx, Kinosternon, Sternotherus), or it forms a thick dorsal layer of tissue irregularly extending onto the sides of the PD in others (Pseudemys, Chrysemys, Lepidochelys, Chelonia). Immunocytochemical studies using unlabelled second antibody and peroxidase-antiperoxidase reveal that in turtles of all ages, the PT tissue allied with the PD (the PTinterna) is composed primarily of cells containing glycoprotein hormones (FSH, LH and TSH), especially the gonadotropins. The juxPT, however, consists mainly of secretory cells unstained by the antisera tested and includes only a small number of gonadotropes and thyrotropes. Although usually widely distributed in the testudinate adenohypophysis, the great majority of gonadotropes and thyrotropes present in the hatchling are in the PTinterna. It is probable that a concentration of these cells in the PTinterna is widespread among vertebrates. In all turtles examined, lactotropes occur principally in the anterior and ventral part of the PD proper; somatotropes are posterior and dorsal. Corticotropes are concentrated as the lactotropes in the anterior PD, but some are also scattered throughout the posterior half of the gland. Lactotropes, corticotropes, and with a few exceptions, somatotropes, do not occur in PT tissue in the turtle.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 31
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Neuropeptides ; Substance P ; Uvea ; Immunocytochemistry ; Iris ; Smooth muscle contraction ; Rabbit
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Substance P-immunoreactive nerve terminals were found in several locations in the anterior segment of the rabbit eye. In the iris they occurred in the sphincter muscle and were randomly distributed in the iris stroma with some fibres running close to the dilator muscle. In the ciliary body these immunoreactive elements were few and occurred within bundles of nerve fibres, while in the ciliary processes they were more numerous with a predominantly subepithelial location. Blood vessels in the anterior uvea were often surrounded by substance P-immunoreactive fibres. No substance P-fibres were found in the cornea, while the sclera contained very few such elements. Using conventional in vitro techniques it was found that the sphincter pupillae muscle of the iris responded to electrical stimulation with a contraction that was resistant to cholinergic and adrenergic blockade, but was inhibited by the neuronal blocker tetrodotoxin. This indicates the existence of a non-cholinergic, non-adrenergic neuronal mediator of the contractile response. Exogenously applied substance P produced a long-lasting contraction of the spincter muscle, an observation compatible with the view that substance P is the noncholinergic, non-adrenergic neurotransmitter involved.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 223 (1982), S. 287-303 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Neuropeptides ; Avian brain ; Endocrine glands ; Avian embryos ; Immunocytochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In embryos of the domestic mallard, domestic fowl, and Japanese quail vasotocin-, mesotocin-, luliberin (LHRH)-, met-enkephalin-, cortico- tropin-, and somatostatin-immunoreactive perikarya and fiber formations were visualized at different incubation stages by means of the PAP technique (Sternberger 1979). The most striking results were: (1) Vasotocin-, mesotocin-, and luliberin-immunoreactive systems display, up to the late embryonic period, morphological features most probably related to a neurohormonal function. (2) Met-enkephalin immunoreactivity appears very late during embryonic life; it is restricted to fiber networks and not found in perikarya. (3) Corticotropin immunoreactivity is observed in the tuberal region temporarily at the end of the second and the beginning of the last third of the incubation period. (4) Somatostatin-immunoreactive material is present (i) at the end of the first third of incubation, in association with the olfactory system; (ii) during the same period, adjacent to thin-layered portions of the roof of the brain; (iii) shortly thereafter, in cells of both pancreatic primordia and thyroid gland; and (iv) onward from the middle of the incubation period, in a mesencephalic cell group. The striking difference, in the early embryo, between the mature somatostatin system and the immature character of the surrounding tissues may indicate that somatostatin plays a role in the development of the brain, as well as the pancreas, and the thyroid gland.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 223 (1982), S. 313-323 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Newborn rat epidermis ; Soluble epidermal protein ; Thiolproteinase inhibitor ; Immunocytochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Subcellular distribution of a thiol-proteinase inhibitor protein was determined in the epidermis of the newborn rat by light and electron microscopy. This protein was highly soluble in basal cells and concentrated on ribosomes in the perinuclear region. Solubility in Tris buffer decreased in granular and cornified cells in which the protein appeared on polysomes which were attached on other cellular structures such as dense homogenous deposits and tonofilaments. The protein also appeared to be deposited on the plasma membrane and became insoluble in Tris buffer at 37° C, but solubilized in 1 M phosphate buffer. Location of the protein around keratohyalin granules or by the plasma membrane suggested that the inhibitor protein bound to cysteinerich protein of the epidermis with or without forming a thiol-proteinase inhibitor complex. The thiol-proteinase inhibitor protein seems to contribute to epidermal cell differentiation at multiple points through changes in its solubility and subcellular localization from basal cells to cornified cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 34
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Cholecystokinin ; Spinal cord ; Immunocytochemistry ; Rat ; Neuropeptides
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity has been demonstrated by radioimmunoassay and immunocytochemistry in the spinal cord of various mammals, in particular in nerve fibers of the superficial layers of the posterior column, but had not been detected in neuronal cell bodies. We report immunohistochemical evidence for the presence of a group of cholecystokinincontaining neuronal cell bodies in the lumbar spinal cord of the rat. This group of cells is only visualized after direct injection of colchicine into the spinal cord and is located near the central canal in the intermedio-medial nucleus of area X of Rexed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 25-31 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Spleen ; Ig-containing cells ; Immunocytochemistry ; Germinal center ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The morphology and localisation of IgM- and IgG-containing cells in the spleen of rats immunized with sheep red-blood cells (SRBC) were studied by combining immunohistochemical reactions with routine histological and histochemical methods. It was shown that IgM cells occur only in the outer periarteriolar lymphocyte sheath (PALS), whereas IgG cells are present throughout the whole PALS. It has been concluded that these cell types have different routes of migration. Both IgM- and IgG-containing cells were found in the germinal center in close relation with the extracellular immune complexes. The significance of this localisation is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 361-368 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Steroids ; Pituitary ; Gonadotrops ; Immunocytochemistry ; Teleosts
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Immunocytochemical reactions with anti-h(uman) TSHβ and anti-c(arp) GTHβ indicate that in juvenile rainbow trout, the dorsal basophils of the proximal pars distalis (ppd) are TSH cells, and that the ventral ones are GTH cells. Small GTH cells first appear in some fish at D(ay) 50 following fertilization (= D17 from hatching), when gonads are still undifferentiated. GTH cells increase greatly in number and size after D100. Contrary to treatment with 11β(OH)androstenedione, addition of methyl testosterone, progesterone and 17α(OH)progesterone stimulate the development of granular GTH cells in rainbow trout, shortly after hatching. It is suggested that steroid receptors in the brain or pituitary discriminate between 11-steroids and other steroids rather than between aromatizable androgens and other steroids.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 225 (1982), S. 581-594 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Immunocytochemistry ; Oligodendrocytes ; Cell culture ; Maturation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Antiserum produced in rabbits against purified myelin contains antibodies that bind to the surface of cells having multiple branched processes in live cultures of cerebral hemispheres of newborn rats. The identity of these cells was determined by double immunolabelling experiments with other specific antigenic markers (W1 Wolfgram protein, myelin basic proteins, glial fibrillary acidic protein). It was demonstrated that the cells are a subclass of oligodendrocytes which have reached a certain degree of maturation; nearly all of them contain basic proteins. Indeed, a number of oligodendrocytes, that contain the W 1 protein, and may or may not have processes, are not surface-labelled in similar conditions. The usefulness of such an anti-myelin serum in the isolation of pure oligodendrocytes is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 38
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Immunocytochemistry ; Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ; Brain-gut peptide ; Pyloric antrum ; Cat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Immunoreactivity to VIP by endocrine-like cells in the feline pyloric mucosa was examined by using three kinds of region-specific anti-porcine VIP sera. VIP-immunoreactive endocrine-like cells were detected clearly with all of the VIP antisera used. They were located mainly around the neck of the pyloric glands. Some of these endocrine-like cells showed dilution-dependent immunoreactivity against VIP antisera. The immunostaining intensity of VIP-immunoreactive endocrine-like cells showing dilution-independence could not be distinguished from those of nerve elements. The present results suggest that the immunoreactivity with properties very similar to those of authentic VIP may be present in the endocrine-like cells of the feline pyloric glands.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 39
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Enteroendocrine cells ; Pancreatic endocrine cells ; Gastroenteropancreatic hormones ; Immunocytochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Four immunoreactive endocrine cell types can be distinguished in the pancreatic islets of B. conchonius: insulin-producing B cells, somatostatin-producing A1 (= D) cells, glucagon-producing A2 cells and pancreatic poly-peptide-producing PP cells. The principal islet of this species contains only a few PP cells, while many PP cells are present in the smaller islets. Except for the B cell all pancreatic endocrine cell types are also present in the pancreatic duct. At least six enteroendocrine cell types are present in the gut of B. conchonius: 1. a cell type (I) with small secretory granules, present throughout the intestine, and possibly involved in the regulation of gut motility; 2. a C-terminal gastrin immunoreactive cell, probably producing a caerulein-like peptide; these cells are located at the upper parts of the folds, especially in the proximal part of the intestinal bulb; 3. a met-enkephalin-immunoreactive cell, present throughout the first segment; 4. a glucagon-immunoreactive cell, which is rare in the first segment; 5. a PP-immunoreactive cell, mainly present in the first half of the first segment; 6. an immunoreactive cell, which cannot at present be specified, located in the intestinal bulb. The latter four cell types are mostly located in the basal parts of the folds, although some PP-immunoreactive cells can also be found in the upper parts. Most if not all enteroendocrine cells are of the open type. The possible functions of all enteroendocrine cell types are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 226 (1982), S. 231-235 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Secretin-like cells ; Immunocytochemistry ; Digestive tract ; Styela plicata
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Secretin-like cells have been detected in the digestive tract of the ascidian Styela plicata by means of immunofluorescent and immunocytochemical methods. Especially, in the esophageal epithelium there are immunoreactive cells (S2) in which a biogenic amine (5-HT) and a regulatory peptide (secretin) occur together. In the gastric epithelium only secretin-like cells (S1) are present. Tests of cross-reactivity performed with glucagon, GIF and VIP, have confirmed the presence of a secretin-like molecule only in the S1 and S2 cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 227 (1982), S. 67-77 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pancreatic polypeptide ; Neurosecretory cells ; Neuropeptides ; Calliphora vomitoria ; Immunocytochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The distribution of a neuropeptide, previously shown to have the same or a very similar amino acid composition as vertebrate pancreatic polypeptide (PP), has been studied in the nervous system and gut of the blowfly, Calliphora vomitoria. Neurones immunoreactive to a bovine PP antiserum occur in the thoracic and abdominal ganglionic components of the central nervous system, in addition to the brain and suboesophageal ganglion. Pancreatic polypeptide appears to be relayed from its cells of origin to a neurohaemal organ in the dorsal sheath of the thoracic ganglion. PP immunoreactivity is also found in cells of the hypocerebral ganglion of the stomatogastric nervous system and in associated nerve fibres. The mid-gut contains PP-positive material in flask-shaped cells of its epithelial lining.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 42
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pancreatic polypeptide (PP)-like material ; Immunocytochemistry ; Nervous system ; Periplaneta americana
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The central and visceral nervous systems of the cockroach Periplaneta americana were studied by means of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical method, with the use of antibody to bovine pancreatic polypeptide (PP). PP-like immunoreactive neuron somata are most numerous in the brain; at least 6 pairs of cell groups occur in clearly defined regions. Three pairs of cells each are also present in the suboesophageal ganglion and the thoracic ganglia, one pair of a single cell each in the first abdominal and the frontal ganglia, and 4 to 6 pairs of single cells in the terminal ganglion. No reactive cells were found in the retrocerebral complex and the second to the fifth abdominal ganglia. The axons containing PP-like immunoreactivity issue many branches that are distributed in the entire brain-retrocerebral complex, ventral cord, and visceral nervous system. PP-like immunoreactive material produced in the brain seems to be transported by three routes: protocerebrum to corpora cardiaca (-allata) through the nervi corporis cardiaci, tritocerebrum to visceral nervous system through frontal commissures, and to ventral cord through circumoesophageal connectives. A possible homology between the mammalian brain-GEP (gastro-enteropancreatic) system and the brain-midgut system of this insect is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 43
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Enolase (neuron-specific) ; S-100 protein ; Carotid body ; Immunocytochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Light- and electron-immunocytochemical investigation with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) procedure revealed neuron-specific enolase and S-100 protein-like immunoreactivities specifically localized in the chief cells and the sustentacular cells of the rat carotid body, respectively. This finding suggests a neuron-like nature of the chief cells and a glia-like nature of the sustentacular cells on both embryological and functional bases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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