ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: Since its original appearance in 1977, Advanced Organic Chemistry has maintained its place as the premier textbook in the field, offering broad coverage of the structure, reactivity and synthesis of organic compounds. As in the earlier editions, the text contains extensive references to both the primary and review literature and provides examples of data and reactions that illustrate and document the generalizations. While the text assumes completion of an introductory course in organic chemistry, it reviews the fundamental concepts for each topic that is discussed. The two-part fifth edition has been substantially revised and reorganized for greater clarity. Part A begins with the fundamental concepts of structure and stereochemistry, and the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of reactivity. Major reaction types covered include nucleophilic substitution, addition reactions, carbanion and carbonyl chemistry, aromatic substitution, pericyclic reactions, radical reactions, and photochemistry. Advanced Organic Chemistry Part A provides a close look at the structural concepts and mechanistic patterns that are fundamental to organic chemistry. It relates those mechanistic patterns, including relative reactivity and stereochemistry, to underlying structural factors. Understanding these concepts and relationships will allow students to recognize the cohesive patterns of reactivity in organic chemistry. Part A: Structure and Mechanism and Part B: Reaction and Synthesis - taken together - are intended to provide the advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate student in chemistry with a foundation to comprehend and use the research literature in organic chemistry.

Description / Table of Contents: Glycostructures play a pivotal and crucial role in a myriad of organisms and important systems in biology, physiology, medicine, bioengineering and technology. Within recent years tools have been developed to promote the understanding of their highly complex functions and the associated chemistry and chemical biology, however, many facts still remain undiscovered. These days the area is experiencing a “quantum jump”. Therefore the Editors in collaboration with six responsible Section Editors completely revised and updated the 1st edition to give up-to-date information on glycostructures, their chemistry and chemical biology, and present them in the form of a comprehensive and strictly systematic survey. The texts are furnished by more than 2500 figures, chemical structures and reaction schemes (including more than 12,000 individual chemical reactions), and more than 9,000 references. In concept and content this Major Reference Work received an essential improvement and expansion. Whereas chapter 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, and 9 are updated, expanded and rearranged versions of the 1st edition, many new subchapters are included in the chapters on monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. The importance of the saccharide metabolism as well as the involvement of complex glycostructures in biologically and medically relevant processes are considered by addition of two large totally newly conceived chapters. Further, another novel chapter featuring key technologies and tools for functional glycobiology is incorporated. Responsible for this major update are the Section Editors who solicited a large number of highly reputed new authors to cover the changes in the content and to write the major supplements.

Description / Table of Contents: Climate change is arguably the most profound challenge facing the international community in the 21st century. It is as much a challenge for poverty reduction, growth, and development as it is a global environmental issue. Climate change could undermine or reverse progress in reducing poverty and attaining the Millennium Development Goals, thereby unraveling many of the development gains of recent decades. It already threatens the livelihoods, health, and well-being of millions of people worldwide, particularly the poorest, most vulnerable groups. This book focuses attention on these previously neglected and poorly understood social dimensions of climate change. It highlights equity and vulnerability as central organizing themes and illustrates the multiple ways that pro-poor climate policy and action should be integrated into existing approaches to poverty reduction and development—from the local to the global levels. This integration is needed both in terms of pro-poor approaches to climate change adaptation and in terms of better managing the social risks and potential benefits associated with measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Description / Table of Contents: Today's enormous development challenges are complicated by the reality of climate change�the two are inextricably linked and together demand immediate attention. Climate change threatens all countries, but particularly developing ones. Understanding what climate change means for development policy is the central aim of the World Development Report 2010. It explores how public policy can change to better help people cope with new or worsened risks, how land and water management must adapt to better protect a threatened natural environment while feeding an expanding and more prosperous population, and how energy systems will need to be transformed.The report is an urgent call for action, both for developing countries who are striving to ensure policies are adapted to the realities and dangers of a hotter planet, and for high-income countries who need to undertake ambitious mitigation while supporting developing countries efforts. A climate-smart world is within reach if we act now to tackle the substantial inertia in the climate, in infrastructure, and in behaviors and institutions; if we act together to reconcile needed growth with prudent and affordable development choices; and if we act differently by investing in the needed energy revolution and taking the steps required to adapt to a rapidly changing planet.In the crowded field of climate change reports, WDR 2010 uniquely: -- emphasizes development -- takes an integrated look at adaptation and mitigation -- highlights opportunities in the changing competitive landscape and how to seize them -- proposes policy solutions grounded in analytic work and in the context of the political economy of reform

Description / Table of Contents: Governments and civil society in Latin America and the Caribbean should be well informed about the potential costs and benefits of combating climate change, their policy options over the next decades, and the global context for these policy decisions. At the same time, the global community needs to be better informed about the unique perspective of the Latin American and Caribbean region: problems the region will face, its potential contributions toward combating global warming, and how to maximize this potential while continuing to maintain growth and reduce poverty. This book, a companion volume to Low Carbon, High Growth: Latin American Responses to Climate Change, seeks to help fill both these needs.

Description / Table of Contents: There is an increasing consensus in the scientific community that climate change is a real and present threat. Despite the large uncertainty on the timing, magnitude and even the direction of some of the physical and economic effects of this phenomenon, it is widely accepted that these effects will be regionally differentiated and that developing countries and lower income populations will tend to suffer the most. In this context, it is critical that Latin American and Caribbean countries develop their own strategies for adapting to the various impacts of climate change and for contributing to global efforts aimed at mitigation.'Low Carbon, High Growth' contributes to these efforts by addressing a number of questions related to the causes and consequences of climate change in Latin America. What are the likely impacts of climate change in the region? Which countries and regions will be most affected? What can governments do to tackle the challenges associated with adapting to climate change? What role can Latin America and the Caribbean play in the area of climate change mitigation? How can the international community best help the region respond? While the study does not attempt to provide definitive answers to these questions, its goal is to contribute new information and analysis to help inform the public policy debate on this important issue.

Description / Table of Contents: “Extreme City - Climate change and the transformation of the waterscape” is the book about the results of the Intensive Learning Programme held recently at the Iuav University (Venice, 3rd – 15th April 2010) with the projectual explorations of the EMU students and the teachers contributions. The goals of the intensive programme have been to deal with changes in the water space in climate change conditions. A “research by design” approach was chosen as the starting point of a reflection on techniques and forms of knowledge which use the project to tackle complex issues. A multidisciplinary approach has been proposed to deal with the vulnerability of a dispersedly inhabited region.

Description / Table of Contents: This volume provides a comprehensive, up-to-date account of how the physical and biological environment of the Antarctic continent and Southern Ocean has changed from Deep Time until the present day. It also considers how the Antarctic environment may change over the next century in a world where greenhouse gas concentrations are much higher than occurred over the last few centuries. The Antarctic is a highly coupled system with non-linear interactions between the atmosphere, ocean, ice and biota, along with complex links to the rest of the Earth system. In preparing this volume our approach has been highly cross-disciplinary, with the goal of reflecting the importance of the continent in global issues, such as sea level rise, the separation of natural climate variability from anthropogenic influences, food stocks, biodiversity and carbon uptake by the ocean. One hundred experts in Antarctic science have contributed and drafts of the manuscript were reviewed by over 200 scientists. We hope that it will be of value to all scientists with an interest in the Antarctic continent and the Southern Ocean, policy makers and those concerned with the deployment of observing systems and the development of climate models.

Description / Table of Contents: Urban flooding is a significant challenge which today increasingly confronts the residents of the expanding cities and towns of developing countries, as well as policymakers and national, regional and local government officials. The Global Handbook presents the state-of-the art in urban flood risk management in a thorough and user-friendly way. It serves as a primer in integrated urban flood risk management for technical specialists, decision-makers and other concerned stakeholders in the private and community sectors. It covers the causes, probability and impacts of floods; the measures that can be used to manage flood risk, balancing structural and non-structural solutions in an integrated fashion; and the means by which these measures can be financed and implemented, and their progress monitored and evaluated. The Handbook provides an operational guide on how most effectively to manage the risk of floods in rapidly urbanizing settings – and within the context of a changing climate.

Description / Table of Contents: The past decade has witnessed a major global shift in thinking about water, including the role that water infrastructure plays in sustainable development. This rethinking aims to balance better the social, economic, and environmental performance aspects in the development and management of large dams. Infrastructure strategies must complement strategies for water, environment, and energy security and for emerging concerns to reduce vulnerability in water resource systems to climate change on the horizon. Communication is central to multi-stakeholder dialogue and partnerships at all levels needed to achieve sustainability and governance reform in water resource management and infrastructure provision. At the same time, communication drives the advocacy to mobilize political will and public support for beneficial change and continuous improvement in practices. This case study emphasizes that is not only important to mobilize all opportunities to reconcile water demand and supply in river basins that are coming under increasing levels of water stress, but also to integrate effectively governance and anti-corruption reforms and sustainability improvements into all stages of the planning and project cycle - adding value for stakeholders.

Description / Table of Contents: This book offers an interdisciplinary view of the biophysical issues related to climate change. Climate change is a phenomenon by which the long-term averages of weather events (i.e. temperature, precipitation, wind speed, etc.) that define the climate of a region are not constant but change over time. There have been a series of past periods of climatic change, registered in historical or paleoecological records. In the first section of this book, a series of state-of-the-art research projects explore the biophysical causes for climate change and the techniques currently being used and developed for its detection in several regions of the world. The second section of the book explores the effects that have been reported already on the flora and fauna in different ecosystems around the globe. Among them, the ecosystems and landscapes in arctic and alpine regions are expected to be among the most affected by the change in climate, as they will suffer the more intense changes. The final section of this book explores in detail those issues.

Description / Table of Contents: Natural Computing --- Ethological response to periodic stimulation in Chara and Brepharisma --- Adaptive path-finding and transport network formation by the amoeba-like organism Physarum --- Aggregate "Calculation" in Economic Phenomena: Distributions and Fluctuations --- Towards Co-evolution of Information, Life and Artifcial Life --- Harness the Nature for Computation --- Things Theory of Art Should Learn From Natural Computing --- Study on the use of Evolutionary Techniques for inference in Gene Regulatory Networks --- Reconstruction of Gene Regulatory Networks from Gene Expression Data using Decoupled Recurrent Neural Network Model --- Design and control of synthetic biological systems --- Satellite Symposium on Computational Aesthetics --- Preface–Natural Computing and Computational Aesthetics --- The Significance of Natural Computing for Considering Computational Aesthetics of Nature --- Perceiving the Gap: asynchronous coordination of plural algorithms and disconnected logical types in ambient space --- Aesthetic Aspects of Technology-mediated Self-awareness Experiences

Description / Table of Contents: Key Messages --- Executive Summary --- 1.Introduction --- 2.Multilingual Europe: Facts, Challenges, Opportunities --- 3.Major Trends in Information and Communication Technologies --- 4.Language Technology 2012: Current State and Opportunities --- 5.Language Technology 2020: The META-NET Technology Vision --- 6.Language Technology 2020: Priority Research Themes --- 7.Towards a Shared European Programme for Multilingual Europe 2020: Next Steps --- A.References --- B.List of Key Contributors --- C.Milestones and History of the Strategic Research Agenda --- D.About META-NET --- E.Members of META-NET --- F.Abbreviations and Acroynms

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction to LOD2, Sören Auer --- Advances in Large-scale RDF Data --- Knowledge Base Creation, Enrichment and Repair --- Interlinking and Knowledge Fusion --- Facilitating the Exploration and Visualization of Linked Data --- Supporting the Linked Data life cycle using an integrated tool stack --- LOD2 for Media and Publishing --- Building Enterprise Ready Applications Using Linked Open Data --- Lifting Open Data Portals to the Data Web --- Linked Open Data for Public Procurement

Description / Table of Contents: Software Driven Networks, Virtualisation, Programmability and Autonomic Management --- Towards a Socially-Aware Management of New Overlay Application Traffic Combined with Energy Efficiency in the Internet (SmartenIT) --- The NEBULA Future Internet Architecture --- Open the Way to Future Networks – A Viewpoint Framework from ITU-T --- Towards a Minimal Core for Information-Centric Networking --- Managing QoS for Future Internet Applications over Virtual Sensor Networks --- High Availability in the Future Internet --- Integrating OpenFlow in IMS Networks and Enabling for Future Internet Research and Experimentation --- Computing and Networking Clouds Contrail: Distributed Application Deployment under SLA in Federated Heterogeneous Clouds --- Cloud–Based Evaluation Framework for Big Data --- Optimizing Service Ecosystems in the Cloud --- Resource Optimisation in IoT Cloud Systems by Using Matchmaking and Self-management Principles --- Towards a Secure Network Virtualization Architecture for the Future Internet --- Seeding the Cloud: An Innovative Approach to Grow Trust in Cloud Based Infrastructures --- Internet of Things --- IoT6 – Moving to an IPv6-Based Future IoT --- SmartSantander: Internet of Things Research and Innovation through Citizen Participation --- A Cognitive Management Framework for Empowering the Internet of Things --- Building Modular Middlewares for the Internet of Things with OSGi --- Towards an Architecture for Future Internet Applications --- ComVantage: Mobile Enterprise Collaboration Reference Framework and Enablers for Future Internet Information Interoperability --- Test-Enabled Architecture for IoT Service Creation and Provisioning --- Enabling Technologies and Economic Incentives Sustainable Wireless Broadband Access to the Future Internet --- The EARTH Project --- An Internet-Based Architecture Supporting Ubiquitous Application User Interfaces --- Cooperative Strategies for Power Saving in Multi-standard Wireless Devices --- Counting the Cost of FIRE: Overcoming Barriers to Sustainable Experimentation Facilities --- User Involvement in Future Internet Projects --- Design and Implementation of Cooperative Network Connectivity Proxy Using Universal Plug and Play --- Book Sponsoring Projects Overview 3DLife - Bringing the Media Internet to Life --- CONCORD Project Management of the Future Internet --- FLAMINGO NoE Project Management of the Future Internet --- The GEYSERS Concept and Major Outcomes --- iCore: A Cognitive Management Framework for the Internet of Things --- IoT6 Project in a Nutshell --- Mobile Cloud Networking: Mobile Network, Compute, and Storage as One Service On-Demand --- The SmartenIT STREP Project: Socially-Aware Management of New Overlay Application Traffic Combined with Energy Efficiency in the Internet --- The SmartSantander Project --- UniverSelf, Realizing Autonomics for Future Networks

Description / Table of Contents: Like a star chart this volume orientates the reader to the key issues and debates in Pacific and Australasian biogeography, palaeoecology and human ecology. A feature of this collection is the diversity of approaches ranging from interpretation of the biogeographic significance of plant and animal distributional patterns, pollen analysis from peats and lake sediments to discern Quaternary climate change, explanation of the patterns of faunal extinction events, the interplay of fire on landscape evolution, and models of the environmental consequences of human settlement patterns. The diversity of approaches, geographic scope and academic rigor are a fitting tribute to the enormous contributions of Geoff Hope. As made apparent in this volume, Hope pioneered multidisciplinary understanding of the history and impacts of human cultures in the Australia- Pacific region, arguably the globe’s premier model systems for understanding the consequences of human colonization on ecological systems. The distinguished scholars who have contributed to this volume also demonstrate Hope’s enduring contribution as an inspirational research leader, collaborator and mentor. Terra Australis leave no doubt that history matters, not only for land management, but more importantly, in alerting settler and indigenous societies alike to their past ecological impacts and future environmental trajectories.

Description / Table of Contents: Frederiks, E.; Stenner, K.; Hobman, E. The Socio-Demographic and Psychological Predictors of Residential Energy Consumption: A Comprehensive Review. Energies 2015, 8(1), 573-609; doi:10.3390/en8010573 --- Sun, W.; He, Y.; Chang, H. Forecasting Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption for Power Generation Using QHSA-Based LSSVM Model. Energies 2015, 8(2), 939-959; doi:10.3390/en8020939 --- Gutierrez-Escolar, A.; Castillo-Martinez, A.; Gomez-Pulido, J.; Gutierrez-Martinez, J.; Stapic, Z.; Medina-Merodio, J. A Study to Improve the Quality of Street Lighting in Spain. Energies 2015, 8(2), 976-994; doi:10.3390/en8020976 --- Chew, K.; Klemeš, J.; Alwi, S.; Manan, Z.; Reverberi, A. Total Site Heat Integration Considering Pressure Drops. Energies 2015, 8(2), 1114-1137; doi:10.3390/en8021114 --- Kim, S.; Shin, K.; Choi, B.; Jo, J.; Cho, S.; Cho, Y. A Study on the Variation of Heating and Cooling Load According to the Use of Horizontal Shading and Venetian Blinds in Office Buildings in Korea. Energies 2015, 8(2), 1487-1504; doi:10.3390/en8021487 --- Sheng, P.; Yang, J.; Shackman, J. Energy’s Shadow Price and Energy Efficiency in China: A Non-Parametric Input Distance Function Analysis. Energies 2015, 8(3), 1975-1989; doi:10.3390/en8031975 --- Benavides, C.; Gonzales, L.; Diaz, M.; Fuentes, R.; García, G.; Palma-Behnke, R.; Ravizza, C. The Impact of a Carbon Tax on the Chilean Electricity Generation Sector. Energies 2015, 8(4), 2674-2700; doi:10.3390/en8042674 --- Li, W.; Li, H.; Sun, S. China’s Low-Carbon Scenario Analysis of CO2 Mitigation Measures towards 2050 Using a Hybrid AIM/CGE Model. Energies 2015, 8(5), 3529-3555; doi:10.3390/en8053529 --- Nasirov, S.; Silva, C.; Agostini, C. Investors’ Perspectives on Barriers to the Deployment of Renewable Energy Sources in Chile. Energies 2015, 8(5), 3794-3814; doi:10.3390/en8053794 --- Deng, X.; Yu, Y.; Liu, Y. Temporal and Spatial Variations in Provincial CO2 Emissions in China from 2005 to 2015 and Assessment of a Reduction Plan. Energies 2015, 8(5), 4549-4571; doi:10.3390/en8054549 --- Klimscheffskij, M.; Van Craenenbroeck, T.; Lehtovaara, M.; Lescot, D.; Tschernutter, A.; Raimundo, C.; Seebach, D.; Timpe, C. Residual Mix Calculation at the Heart of Reliable Electricity Disclosure in Europe—A Case Study on the Effect of the RE-DISS Project. Energies 2015, 8(6), 4667-4696; doi:10.3390/en8064667 --- Ferrara, R. The Smart City and the Green Economy in Europe: A Critical Approach. Energies 2015, 8(6), 4724-4734; doi:10.3390/en8064724 --- Stenner, K.; Nwokora, Z. Current and Future Friends of the Earth: Assessing Cross-National Theories of Environmental Attitudes. Energies 2015, 8(6), 4899-4919; doi:10.3390/en8064899 --- Atlason, R.; Oddsson, G.; Unnthorsson, R. Theorizing for Maintenance Management Improvements: Using Case Studies from the Icelandic Geothermal Sector. Energies 2015, 8(6), 4943-4962; doi:10.3390/en8064943 --- Ellenbeck, S.; Beneking, A.; Ceglarz, A.; Schmidt, P.; Battaglini, A. Security of Supply in European Electricity Markets—Determinants of Investment Decisions and the European Energy Union. Energies 2015, 8(6), 5198-5216; doi:10.3390/en8065198 --- Hasager, C.; Vincent, P.; Badger, J.; Badger, M.; Di Bella, A.; Peña, A.; Husson, R.; Volker, P. Using Satellite SAR to Characterize the Wind Flow around Offshore Wind Farms. Energies 2015, 8(6), 5413-5439; doi:10.3390/en8065413 --- Puigjaner, L.; Pérez-Fortes, M.; Laínez-Aguirre, J. Towards a Carbon-Neutral Energy Sector: Opportunities and Challenges of Coordinated Bioenergy Supply Chains-A PSE Approach. Energies 2015, 8(6), 5613-5660; doi:10.3390/en8065613 --- Thollander, P.; Palm, J. Industrial Energy Management Decision Making for Improved Energy Efficiency—Strategic System Perspectives and Situated Action in Combination. Energies 2015, 8(6), 5694-5703; doi:10.3390/en8065694 --- Jänicke, M. Horizontal and Vertical Reinforcement in Global Climate Governance. Energies 2015, 8(6), 5782-5799; doi:10.3390/en8065782 --- Benavides, C.; Gonzales, L.; Diaz, M.; Fuentes, R.; García, G.; Palma-Behnke, R.; Ravizza, C. Correction: The Impact of a Carbon Tax on the Chilean Electricity Generation Sector. Energies 2015, 8(6), 6247-6248; doi:10.3390/en8066247 --- Wang, W.; Ouyang, W.; Hao, F. A Supply-Chain Analysis Framework for Assessing Densified Biomass Solid Fuel Utilization Policies in China. Energies 2015, 8(7), 7122-7139; doi:10.3390/en8077122 --- Punys, P.; Dumbrauskas, A.; Kasiulis, E.; Vyčienė, G.; Šilinis, L. Flow Regime Changes: From Impounding a Temperate Lowland River to Small Hydropower Operations. Energies 2015, 8(7), 7478-7501; doi:10.3390/en8077478 --- Reid, G.; Wynn, G. The Future of Solar Power in the United Kingdom. Energies 2015, 8(8), 7818-7832; doi:10.3390/en8087818 --- Scott, C.; Sugg, Z. Global Energy Development and Climate-Induced Water Scarcity—Physical Limits, Sectoral Constraints, and Policy Imperatives. Energies 2015, 8(8), 8211-8225; doi:10.3390/en8088211 --- Lilliestam, J.; Patt, A. Barriers, Risks and Policies for Renewables in the Gulf States. Energies 2015, 8(8), 8263-8285; doi:10.3390/en8088263 --- Van Ackere, S.; Van Eetvelde, G.; Schillebeeckx, D.; Papa, E.; Van Wyngene, K.; Vandevelde, L. Wind Resource Mapping Using Landscape Roughness and Spatial Interpolation Methods. Energies 2015, 8(8), 8682-8703; doi:10.3390/en8088682 --- Komendantova, N.; Vocciante, M.; Battaglini, A. Can the BestGrid Process Improve Stakeholder Involvement in Electricity Transmission Projects?. Energies 2015, 8(9), 9407-9433; doi:10.3390/en8099407 --- Kiyar, D.; Wittneben, B. Carbon as Investment Risk—The Influence of Fossil Fuel Divestment on Decision Making at Germany’s Main Power Providers. Energies 2015, 8(9), 9620-9639; doi:10.3390/en8099620 --- Bernardes, L.; Carneiro, J.; Madureira, P.; Brandão, F.; Roque, C. Determination of Priority Study Areas for Coupling CO2 Storage and CH4 Gas Hydrates Recovery in the Portuguese Offshore Area. Energies 2015, 8(9), 10276-10292; doi:10.3390/en80910276 --- Dovì, V.; Battaglini, A. Energy Policy and Climate Change: A Multidisciplinary Approach to a Global Problem. Energies 2015, 8(12), 13473-13480; doi:10.3390/en81212379

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Introductory Chapter: The Main Directions and Tasks of Pure and Applied Biogeography in Solving the Global Problems of Our Time by Levente Hufnagel --- Chapter 2: Are Historical Biogeographical Events Able to Promote Biological Diversification? by Julián A. Velasco --- Chapter 3: Ecological Responses to Climate Change at Biogeographical Boundaries by Melinda Pálinkás --- Chapter 4: A Synopsis of Global Mapping of Freshwater Habitats and Biodiversity: Implications for Conservation by Ryan A. McManamay, Natalie A. Griffiths, Christoper R. DeRolph and Brenda M. Pracheil --- Chapter 5: Plant Antiherbivore Defense in Diverse Environments by Alina Morquecho-Contreras, Carmen Zepeda-Gómez and Hermilo Sánchez-Sánchez --- Chapter 6: Vachellia (Acacia) karroo Communities in South Africa: An Overview by Mamokete Dingaan and Pieter J. du Preez --- Chapter 7: Ecological Biogeography of West Usambara Mountains: A Study on the Influence of Abiotic Factors to Spatial Distribution of Plant and Animal Species by Joel Loitu Meliyo, Kenneth F.G. Masuki, Balthazar M. Msanya, Didas N. Kimaro and Loth S. Mulungu

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Planning the Adaptation to Climate Change in Cities: an Introduction / Tiepolo, Maurizio; Cristofori, Elena --- 2. Climate Change Characterisation and Planning in Large Tropical and Subtropical Cities / Tiepolo, Maurizio; Cristofori, Elena --- 3. Extreme Events Assessment Methodology as a Tool for Engineering Adaptation Measures – Case Study of North Coast of São Paulo State (SP), Brazil / Sakai, Rafael de Oliveira; Cartacho, Diego Lourenço; Arasaki, Emilia; Alfredini, Paolo; Rosso, Maurizio; Pezzoli, Alessandro; Cabral De Souza Junior, Wilson; Cabral De Souza, Wilson --- 4. Vulnerability and Resilience to Drought in the Chaco, Paraguay / Pezzoli, Alessandro; Ponte, Enrico --- 5. Characterization of Flood Hazard at a Municipal Level. A Case Study in Tillabéri Region, Niger / Bacci, Maurizio --- 6. Sensitivity of Dar Es Salaam Coastal Aquifer to Climate Change with Regard to Seawater Intrusion and Groundwater Availability / Sappa, Giuseppe; Luciani, Giulia --- 7. Impact of the Construction of an Offshore Highway on the Sea-Spray Dynamics in La Reunion Island / Piazzola, Jacques; Tedeschi, Gilles; Missamou, Tathy --- 8. Early Warning Systems & Geomatics: Value-added Information in the Absence of High Resolution Data / Cristofori, Elena; Albanese, Adriana; Boccardo, Piero --- 9. Planning the Adaptation of Coastal Cities to Climate Change: a Review of 14 Pilot Projects / Ponte, Enrico --- 10. National and Local Contingency Planning: a Comparative Analysis of Plans in Africa and Latin America / Ponte, Enrico --- 11. Measures of Adaptation and Community-based Water Management in Mékhé, Senegal / Biconne, Rita --- 12. Flood Risk Preliminary Mapping in Niamey, Niger / Tiepolo, Maurizio; Braccio, Sarah --- 13. Flood Risk Assessment at Municipal Level in the Tillabéri Region, Niger / Tiepolo, Maurizio; Braccio, Sarah --- 14. Drought Risk in the Tillabery Region, Niger / Tarchiani, Vieri; Bacci, Maurizio --- 15. Climate Change Adaptation Through Urban Planning: a Proposed Approach for Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania / Macchi, Silvia; Ricci, Liana --- 16. Climate Change Adaptation in Dar es Salaam: Local Government Opinions and Proposed Interventions / Shemdoe, Riziki S.; Rugai, Dionis; Fantini, Laura --- 17. Household Level Vulnerability to Climate Change in Nepal – A Comparison of a Semi-urban and a Rural Village Development Committee / Giri, Madhav --- 18. Weather Observation Network and Climate Change Monitoring in Catalonia, Spain / Prohom, Marc; Puig, Oriol --- 19. Assessing flood risk in Zurich, Switzerland: the KR-RRA approach / Ronco, Paolo; Bullo, Martina; Gallina, Valentina; Torresan, Silvia; Critto, Andrea; Zabeo, Alex; Semenzin, Elena; Olschewski, Roland; Marcomini, Antonio --- 20. Flood Risk Assessment and Quantification in the Piedmont Region, Italy / Franzi, Luca; Bianco, Gennaro; Bruno, Alessandro; Foglino, Sara --- 21. Conclusion / Tiepolo, Maurizio; Ponte, Enrico

Description / Table of Contents: Model-Based Software Development --- A Formal Framework for Incremental Model Slicing --- Multiple Model Synchronization with Multiary Delta Lenses --- Controlling the Attack Surface of Object-Oriented Refactorings --- Efficient Analysis of Attack Trees: a Model-Driven Approach --- Distributed Program and System Analysis --- ROLA: A New Distributed Transaction Protocol and Its Formal Analysis --- A Process Network Model for Reactive Streaming Software with Deterministic Task Parallelism --- Distributed Graph Queries for Runtime Monitoring of Cyber-Physical Systems --- EventHandler-based Analysis Framework for Web Apps using Dynamically Collected States --- Software Design and Verification --- Hierarchical Specification and Verification of Architectural Design Patterns --- Supporting Verification-Driven Incremental Distributed Design of Components --- Summarizing Software API Usage Examples using Clustering Techniques --- Fast Computation of Arbitrary Control Dependencies --- Specification and Program Testing --- Iterative Generation of Diverse Models for Testing Specifications of SL Tools --- Optimising Spectrum Based Fault Localisation for Single Fault Programs using Specifications --- TCM: Test Case Mutation to Improve Crash Detection in Android --- CRETE: A Versatile Binary-Level Concolic Testing Framework --- Family-Based Software Development --- Abstract Family-based Model Checking using Modal Featured Transition Systems: Preservation of CTL* --- FPH: Efficient Non-Commutativity Analysis of Feature-Based Systems --- Taming Multi-Variability of Software Product Line Transformations

Description / Table of Contents: Innovative Technologies for an Engaging Classroom (iTEC) --- Development of the Future Classroom Toolkit --- Designing Edukata, a Participatory Design Model for Creating Learning Activities --- The iTEC Technical Artefacts, Architecture and Educational Cloud --- The Composer: Creating, Sharing and Facilitating Learning Designs --- Recommender Systems --- Resources beyond Content for Open Education --- The iTEC Widget Store --- The Impact and Potential of iTEC: Evidence from large-scale Validation in School Classrooms

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction to the Internet of Things --- The Need for a Common Ground for the IoT — The History and Reasoning Behind the IoT — A Project --- The IoT Architectural Reference Model as Enabler --- IoT in Practice: Examples — IoT in Logistics and Health --- IoT — A Guidance to the ARM --- A Process to Generate Concrete Architectures --- IoT Reference Model --- IoT Reference Architecture --- The IoT ARM Reference Manual --- Interactions --- Toward a Concrete Architecture --- ARM Testimonials --- Summary and Outlook

Description / Table of Contents: This book constitutes a collaborative and selected documentation of the scientific outcome of the European COST Action IS0605 Econ@Tel "A Telecommunications Economics COST Network" which run from October 2007 to October 2011. Involving experts from around 20 European countries, the goal of Econ@Tel was to develop a strategic research and training network among key people and organizations in order to enhance Europe's competence in the field of telecommunications economics.   Reflecting the organization of the COST Action IS0605 Econ@Tel in working groups the following four major research areas are addressed:   - evolution and regulation of communication ecosystems; - social and policy implications of communication technologies; - economics and governance of future networks; - future networks management architectures and mechanisms

Description / Table of Contents: Apress is proud to announce that Rethinking the Internet of Things was a 2014 Jolt Award Finalist, the highest honor for a programming book. And the amazing part is that there is no code in the book. Over the next decade, most devices connected to the Internet will not be used by people in the familiar way that personal computers, tablets and smart phones are. Billions of interconnected devices will be monitoring the environment, transportation systems, factories, farms, forests, utilities, soil and weather conditions, oceans and resources. Many of these sensors and actuators will be networked into autonomous sets, with much of the information being exchanged machine-to-machine directly and without human involvement. Machine-to-machine communications are typically terse. Most sensors and actuators will report or act upon small pieces of information - "chirps". Burdening these devices with current network protocol stacks is inefficient, unnecessary and unduly increases their cost of ownership. This must change. The architecture of the Internet of Things must evolve now by incorporating simpler protocols toward at the edges of the network, or remain forever inefficient. Rethinking the Internet of Things describes reasons why we must rethink current approaches to the Internet of Things. Appropriate architectures that will coexist with existing networking protocols are described in detail. An architecture comprised of integrator functions, propagator nodes, and end devices, along with their interactions, is explored

Description / Table of Contents: Managing Risk and Information Security: Protect to Enable, an ApressOpen title, describes the changing risk environment and why a fresh approach to information security is needed. Because almost every aspect of an enterprise is now dependent on technology, the focus of IT security must shift from locking down assets to enabling the business while managing and surviving risk. This compact book discusses business risk from a broader perspective, including privacy and regulatory considerations. It describes the increasing number of threats and vulnerabilities, but also offers strategies for developing solutions. These include discussions of how enterprises can take advantage of new and emerging technologies—such as social media and the huge proliferation of Internet-enabled devices—while minimizing risk. With ApressOpen, content is freely available through multiple online distribution channels and electronic formats with the goal of disseminating professionally edited and technically reviewed content to the worldwide community. Here are some of the responses from reviewers of this exceptional work: "Managing Risk and Information Security is a perceptive, balanced, and often thought-provoking exploration of evolving information risk and security challenges within a business context.  Harkins clearly connects the needed, but often-overlooked linkage and dialog between the business and technical worlds and offers actionable strategies.   The book contains eye-opening security insights that are easily understood, even by the curious layman." Fred Wettling, Bechtel Fellow, IS&T Ethics & Compliance Officer, Bechtel "As disruptive technology innovations and escalating cyber threats continue to create enormous information security challenges, Managing Risk and Information Security: Protect to Enable provides a much-needed perspective. This book compels information security professionals to think differently about concepts of risk management in order to be more effective. The specific and practical guidance offers a fast-track formula for developing information security strategies which are lock-step with business priorities." Laura Robinson, Principal, Robinson Insight Chair, Security for Business Innovation Council (SBIC) Program Director, Executive Security Action Forum (ESAF) "The mandate of the information security function is being completely rewritten. Unfortunately most heads of security haven’t picked up on the change, impeding their companies’ agility and ability to innovate. This book makes the case for why security needs to change, and shows how to get started. It will be regarded as marking the turning point in information security for years to come." Dr. Jeremy Bergsman, Practice Manager, CEB     "The world we are responsible to protect is changing dramatically and at an accelerating pace. Technology is pervasive in virtually every aspect of our lives. Clouds, virtualization and mobile are redefining computing – and they are just the beginning of what is to come. Your security perimeter is defined by wherever your information and people happen to be. We are attacked by professional adversaries who are better funded than we will ever be. We in the information security profession must change as dramatically as the environment we protect. We need new skills and new strategies to do our jobs effectively. We literally need to change the way we think.   Written by one of the best in the business, Managing Risk and Information Security challenges traditional security theory with clear examples of the need for change. It also provides expert advice on how to dramatically increase the success of your security strategy and methods – from dealing with the misperception of risk to how to become a Z-shaped CISO.   Managing Risk and Information Security is the ultimate treatise on how to deliver effective security to the world we live in for the next 10 years. It is absolute must reading for anyone in our profession – and should be on the desk of every CISO in the world."   Dave Cullinane, CISSP CEO Security Starfish, LLC "In this overview, Malcolm Harkins delivers an insightful survey of the trends, threats, and tactics shaping information risk and security. From regulatory compliance to psychology to the changing threat context, this work provides a compelling introduction to an important topic and trains helpful attention on the effects of changing technology and management practices." Dr. Mariano-Florentino Cuéllar Professor, Stanford Law School Co-Director, Stanford Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC), Stanford University     "Malcolm Harkins gets it. In his new book Malcolm outlines the major forces changing the information security risk landscape from a big picture perspective, and then goes on to offer effective methods of managing that risk from a practitioner's viewpoint. The combination makes this book unique and a must read for anyone interested in IT risk." Dennis Devlin AVP, Information Security and Compliance, The George Washington University    "Managing Risk and Information Security is the first-to-read, must-read book on information security for C-Suite executives.  It is accessible, understandable and actionable. No sky-is-falling scare tactics, no techno-babble – just straight talk about a critically important subject. There is no better primer on the economics, ergonomics and psycho-behaviourals of security than this." Thornton May, Futurist, Executive Director & Dean, IT Leadership Academy     "Managing Risk and Information Security is a wake-up call for information security executives and a ray of light for business leaders.  It equips organizations with the knowledge required to transform their security programs from a "culture of no" to one focused on agility, value and competitiveness. Unlike other publications, Malcolm provides clear and immediately applicable solutions to optimally balance the frequently opposing needs of risk reduction and business growth. This book should be required reading for anyone currently serving in, or seeking to achieve, the role of Chief Information Security Officer." Jamil Farshchi, Senior Business Leader of Strategic Planning and Initiatives, VISA     "For too many years, business and security – either real or imagined – were at odds. In Managing Risk and Information Security: Protect to Enable, you get what you expect – real life practical ways to break logjams, have security actually enable business, and marries security architecture and business architecture. Why this book?  It's written by a practitioner, and not just any practitioner, one of the leading minds in Security today." John Stewart, Chief Security Officer, Cisco     "This book is an invaluable guide to help security professionals address risk in new ways in this alarmingly fast changing environment. Packed with examples which makes it a pleasure to read, the book captures practical ways a forward thinking CISO can turn information security into a competitive advantage for their business.    This book provides a new framework for managing risk in an entertaining and thought provoking way. This will change the way security professionals work with their business leaders, and help get products to market faster.   The 6 irrefutable laws of information security should be on a stone plaque on the desk of every security professional." Steven Proctor, VP, Audit & Risk Management, Flextronics

Description / Table of Contents: Android on x86: an Introduction to Optimizing for Intel® Architecture serves two main purposes. First, it makes the case for adapting your applications onto Intel’s x86 architecture, including discussions of the business potential, the changing landscape of the Android marketplace, and the unique challenges and opportunities that arise from x86 devices. The fundamental idea is that extending your applications to support x86 or creating new ones is not difficult, but it is imperative to know all of the technicalities. This book is dedicated to providing you with an awareness of these nuances and an understanding of how to tackle them. Second, and most importantly, this book provides a one-stop detailed resource for best practices and procedures associated with the installation issues, hardware optimization issues, software requirements, programming tasks, and performance optimizations that emerge when developers consider the x86 Android devices. Optimization discussions dive into native code, hardware acceleration, and advanced profiling of multimedia applications. The authors have collected this information so that you can use the book as a guide for the specific requirements of each application project. This book is not dedicated solely to code; instead it is filled with the information you need in order to take advantage of x86 architecture. It will guide you through installing the Android SDK for Intel Architecture, help you understand the differences and similarities between processor architectures available in Android devices, teach you to create and port applications, debug existing x86 applications, offer solutions for NDK and C++ optimizations, and introduce the Intel Hardware Accelerated Execution Manager. This book provides the most useful information to help you get the job done quickly while utilizing best practices

Description / Table of Contents: The book is great! It's clear and easy to read, with loads of examples that showed my students what to do. -- Larry Snyder, Emeritus Professor, University of Washington, Department of Computer Science and Engineering "Having the TouchDevelop book available made our events so much easier. Students could figure things out for themselves with help from the book." -- Jennifer Marsman, Microsoft Principal Developer Evangelist Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets are set to become the main computers that virtually all people will own and carry with them at all times. And yet,mobile devices are not yet used for all computing tasks. A project at Microsoft Research was created to answer a simple question: "It is possible to create interesting apps directly on a smartphone or tablet, without using a separate PC or a keyboard?" The result is TouchDevelop, a programming environment that runs on all modern mobile devices such as Windows Phone, iPhone, iPad, Android phones and tablets, and also on PCs and Macs. This book walks you through all of the screens of the TouchDevelop app, and it points out similarities and differences of the TouchDevelop language compared to other programming languages. For users, the book can serve as a handyreference next to the phone. The book systematically addresses all programming language constructs, starting from the very basic constructs such as variables and loops. The book also explores many of the phone sensors and data sources which make creating apps for mobile devices so rewarding. If you are new to programming with TouchDevelop, or if you have not yet worked on touchscreen devices, we suggest that you read the book starting from Chapter 1. If you are already familiar with the basic paradigm of the TouchDevelop programming environment, then feel free to jump ahead to the later chapters that address particular topic areas. This book is written from the perspective of a person developing their code using a web browser. The TouchDevelop Web App runs in many modern browsers on many different devices including smartphones and tablets, Macs, PC. All screenshots and navigation instructions refer to the TouchDevelop Web App running in a browser. For Windows Phone, there is a dedicated TouchDevelop app in the Windows Phone Store which gives access to many more sensors and data sources. Starting with the TouchDevelop app v3.0 for Windows Phone 8, the phone app will share the same look and navigation structure and all features of the Web App

Description / Table of Contents: Intel® Galileo and Intel® Galileo Gen 2: API Features and Arduino Projects for Linux Programmers provides detailed information about Intel® Galileo and Intel® Galileo Gen 2 boards for all software developers interested in Arduino and the Linux platform. The book covers the new Arduino APIs and is an introduction for developers on natively using Linux. Author Manoel Carlos Ramon is a member of the Intel Galileo development team; in this book he draws on his practical experience in working on the Galileo project as he shares the team’s findings, problems, fixes, workarounds, and techniques with the open source community. His areas of expertise are wide-ranging, including Linux-embedded kernel and device drivers, C/C++, Java, OpenGL, Assembler, Android NDK/SDK/ADK, and 2G/3G/4G modem integration. He has more than 17 years of experience in research and development of mobile devices and embedded circuits. His personal blog about programming is BytesThink (www.bytesthink.com)

Description / Table of Contents: 1 The Climate Crisis and Systemic Alternatives Vishwas Satgar --- PART ONE :THE CLIMATE CRISIS AS CAPITALIST CRISIS --- 2 The Limits of Capitalist Solutions to the Climate Crisis Dorothy Grace Guerrero --- 3 The Anthropocene and Imperial Ecocide: Prospects for Just Transitions Vishwas Satgar --- PART TWO: DEMOCRATIC ECO-SOCIALIST ALTERNATIVES IN THE WORLD --- 4 The Employment Crisis, Just Transition and the Universal Basic Income Grant Hein Marais --- 5 The Rights of Mother Earth Pablo Sólon --- 6 Buen Vivir: An Alternative Perspective from the Peoples of the Global South Alberto Acosta and Mateo Martínez Abarca --- 7 Challenging the Growth Paradigm: Marx, Buddha and the Pursuit of ‘Happiness’ Devan Pillay --- 8 Ubuntu and the Struggle for an African Eco-socialist Alternative Christelle Terreblanche --- 9 The Climate Crisis and the Struggle for African Food Sovereignty Nnimmo Bassey --- PART THREE: DEMOCRATIC ECO-SOCIALIST ALTERNATIVES IN SOUTH AFRICA --- 10 The Climate Crisis and a ‘Just Transition’ in South Africa: An Eco-Feminist-Socialist Perspective Jacklyn Cock --- 11 Energy, Labour, and Democracy in South Africa Michelle Williams --- 12 Capital, Climate and the Politics of Nuclear Procurement in South Africa David Fig --- 13 Climate Jobs at Two Minutes to Midnight Brian Ashley --- 14 Deepening the Just Transition Through Food Sovereignty and the Solidarity Economy Andrew Bennie and Athish Satgoor --- 15 Eco-Capitalist Crises in the ‘Blue Economy’: Operation Phakisa’s Small, Slow Failures Desné Masie and Patrick Bond --- CONCLUSION: Vishwas Satgar

Description / Table of Contents: This reference contains more than 7,500 polymeric material terms, including the names of chemicals, processes, formulae, and analytical methods that are used frequently in the polymer and engineering fields. In view of the evolving partnership between physical and life sciences, this title includes an appendix of biochemical and microbiological terms (thus offering previously unpublished material, distinct from all competitors.) Each succinct entry offers a broadly accessible definition as well as cross-references to related terms. Where appropriate to enhance clarity further, the volume's definitions may also offer equations, chemical structures, and other figures.