ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: IOP Publishing presents Volume 6 of the open-access IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (EES) as the online abstract book for the IARU International Scientific Congress on Climate Change: Global Risks, Challenges and Decisions (10–12 March, Copenhagen, Denmark). This abstracts-only volume of EES is quite different to standard IOP Conference Series proceedings volumes which contain full, peer-reviewed proceedings papers. This unique volume of more than 1400 abstracts, divided into 58 different sessions, contains all the oral and poster presentations from the Congress. In view of the importance of the Climate Change Congress as a scientific basis for the COP15 conference, we are delighted to offer this collection as a permanent record of current research devoted to climate change. We hope this compilation will contribute to future world-wide dialogue on climate change in the ongoing search to address the scientific, political, social and economic challenges ahead.

Description / Table of Contents: The 14th International Symposium for the Advancement of Boundary Layer Remote Sensing (ISARS 2008) addresses acoustical, optical and microwave techniques to probe the lower part of the atmosphere. The symposium focuses on the physical basis of remote sensing techniques and new instruments. A theme for the conference is also various applications of remote sensing, this year with special emphasis on wind energy. ISARS is an informal association of scientists from all over the world which organizes a symposium every second year. While the abbreviation ISARS has remained unchanged since the start in Calgary 1981, the words have changed from International Symposium on Acoustic Remote Sensing and Associated Techniques of the Atmosphere and Oceans because other techniques than the acoustic have become important for boundary layer remote sensing. Specifically lasers for remote wind sensing are developing rapidly. By the end of each symposium the chairman of the next has been elected. So far the symposia have taken place in different countries each time with different chairs. The scientific organizing committee, which consists mainly of chair persons of previous symposia, maintains the continuity of themes and of the organization in general. After the last symposium held in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, many of the papers appeared in revised and improved form in a special issue of Meteorologische Zeitschrift. A similar special issue is also planned to follow ISARS 2008. I wish to express my gratitude to the scientific organizing committee for valuable advice and to the local organizing committee for all their effort with the conference papers and the conference itself. Jakob Mann, Conference Chair

Description / Table of Contents: Early Japanese contributions to space weather research—1945-1960— / A. Nishida / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 1-22 --- Hydrodynamics, magnetohydrodynamics, and astrophysical plasmas / E. N. Parker / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 23-40 --- The 1960s—A decade of remarkable advances in middle atmosphere research / M. A. Geller / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 41-62 --- Hinode "a new solar observatory in space" / S. Tsuneta, L. K. Harra, and S. Masuda / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 63-75 --- Coronal mass ejections and space weather / N. Gopalswamy / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 77-120 / © TERRAPUB, Tokyo, 2009. No claim is made to original U.S. Government works. / [Full text] (PDF 3.9 MB) --- Magnetotail after Geotail, Interball and Cluster: Thin current sheets, fine structure, force balance and stability / L. Zelenyi, H. Malova, A. Artemyev, V. Popov, A. Petrukovich, D. Delcourt, and A. Bykov / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 121-170 --- Simulating solar 'climate' / M. Dikpati / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 171-199 --- Evidence for solar forcing: Some selected aspects / J. Beer and K. McCracken / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 201-216 --- Total solar irradiance variability: What have we learned about its variability from the record of the last three solar cycles? / C. Fröhlich / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 217-230 --- Mechanisms for solar influence on the Earth's climate / J. D. Haigh / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 231-256 --- Variability in the stratosphere: The sun and the QBO / K. Labitzke and M. Kunze / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 257-278 --- Gravity wave coupling from below: A review / R. A. Vincent / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 279-293 --- What we have learnt from CPEA (Coupling Processes in the Equatorial Atmosphere): A review / S. Fukao / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 295-336 --- Vertical coupling by the semidiurnal tide in Earth's atmosphere / J. M. Forbes / Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Selected Papers from the 2007 Kyoto Symposium, / pp. 337-348

Description / Table of Contents: Plenary Lectures --- Fisheries Management: Status and Challenges / Ichiro Nomura / pp. 1-16 --- Exploring the BOFFFF Hypothesis Using a Model of Southern African Deepwater Hake (Merluccius paradoxus) / John G. Field, Coleen L. Moloney, Louis du Buisson, Astrid Jarre, Tore Stroemme, Marek R. Lipinski and Paulus Kainge / pp. 17-26 --- Effects of Fishing on Inter and Intra Stock Diversity of Marine Resources / Gudrun Marteinsdóttir and Heidi Pardoe / pp. 27-43 --- Knowledge on How To Achieve Sustainable Fisheries / Ray Hilborn / pp. 45-56 --- The Role of Docosahexaenoic and Arachidonic Acids as Determinants of Evolution and Hominid Brain Development / Michael A. Crawford, C. Leigh Broadhurst, Claudio Galli, Kebreab Ghebremeskel, Holm Holmsen, Letten F. Saugstad, Walter F. Schmidt, Andrew J. Sinclair and Stephen C. Cunnane / pp. 57-76 --- Genomics and the Genome Duplication in Salmonids / Ben F. Koop and William S. Davidson / pp. 77-86 --- A Tale of Two Initiatives: Integrated Coastal Management in Xiamen and Batangas Bay Region / Thia-Eng Chua / pp. 87-102 --- Keynote 1: Fisheries and Fish Biology --- Age-validated Longevity of Fishes: Its Importance for Sustainable Fisheries / Gregor M. Cailliet and Allen H. Andrews / pp. 103-120 --- Monitoring Prey Availability via Data Loggers Deployed on Seabirds: Advances and Present Limitations / C. A. Bost, A. Jaeger, W. Huin, P. Koubbi, L. G. Halsey, H. Hanuise and Y. Handrich / pp. 121-137 --- Refocusing Stock Assessment in Support of Policy Evaluation / André E. Punt / pp. 139-152 --- Hatchery Stocking for Restoring Wild Populations: A Genetic Evaluation of the Reproductive Success of Hatchery Fish vs. Wild Fish / Hitoshi Araki / pp. 153-167 --- A Review of Bycatch and Discard Issue Toward Solution / Tatsuro Matsuoka / pp. 169-180 --- Keynote 2: Aquaculture --- Environmental Impact of Aquaculture on Coastal Planktonic Ecosystems / Yngvar Olsen and Lasse Mork Olsen / pp. 181-196 --- Meeting the Future Demand for Aquatic Food through Aquaculture: the Role of Aquatic Animal Health / Melba G. Bondad-Reantaso and Rohana P. Subasinghe / pp. 197-207 --- Keynote 3: Biotechnology --- Spermatogonial Transplantation in Fish: Production of Trout Offspring from Salmon Parents / Tomoyuki Okutsu, Yutaka Takeuchi and Goro Yoshizaki / pp. 209-219 --- Biotechnology of Marine Invertebrates-Recent Advances in Shrimp and Shellfish / Anchalee Tassanakajon, Tipachai Vatanavicharn, Premruethai Supungul, Sureerat Tang, Piti Amparyup, Kunlaya Somboonwiwat, Sirinit Tharntada, Jun Takahashi and Haruhiko Toyohara / pp. 221-239 --- Molecular Biotechnology of Development and Growth in Fish Muscle / Ian A. Johnston, Daniel J. Macqueen and Shugo Watabe / pp. 241-262 --- Molecular Innate Immunity in Teleost Fish: Review and Future Perspectives / Takashi Aoki, Tomokazu Takano, Mudjekeewis D. Santos, Hidehiro Kondo and Ikuo Hirono / pp. 263-276 --- Molecular Interaction between Fish Pathogens and Host Aquatic Animals / Laura L. Brown and Stewart C. Johnson / pp. 277-288 --- Keynote 4: Post Harvest Science and Technology --- Progress on Processing and Utilization of Aquatic Products in China / Xichang Wang, Jingjing Zhang and Jiechun Deng / pp. 289-295 --- Molecular Identification of Species and the Geographic Origin of Seafood / Michiaki Yamashita, Atsushi Namikoshi, Jun Iguchi, Yasuharu Takashima, Mohammed Anwar Hossain, Takeshi Yabu and Yumiko Yamashita / pp. 297-306 --- Keynote 5: Ecosystems—Linking Climate Change and Fisheries— --- Effects of Climate Change on Marine Ecosystems / Chen-Tung Arthur Chen / pp. 307-316 --- Keynote 6: Freshwater, Coastal and Marine Environments --- Harmful Algal Blooms and Ocean Observing Systems: Needs, Present Status and Future Potential / Donald M. Anderson / pp. 317-334 --- Coastal Artificial Habitats for Fishery and Environmental Management and Scientific Advancement / William Seaman / pp. 335-349 --- “Sato-Umi”—A New Concept for Sustainable Fisheries / Tetsuo Yanagi / pp. 351-358 --- Keynote 7: Biodiversity and Management --- Optimal Fishing Policies That Maximize Sustainable Ecosystem Services / Hiroyuki Matsuda, Mitsutaku Makino and Koji Kotani / pp. 359-369 --- Ecosystem-Based Sustainable Conservation and Management of Pacific Salmon / Masahide Kaeriyama / pp. 371-380 --- Some Lessons from Implementing Management Procedures / Douglas S. Butterworth / pp. 381-397 --- Keynote 8: Economics and Social Science --- Reconsidering the Contribution of Fisheries to Society and Millennium Development Goals / Kenneth Ruddle / pp. 399-411 --- Advantages and Disadvantages of the Fisheries Trade / Yoshiaki Matsuda / pp. 413-423 --- Keynote 9: Education and International Cooperation --- Japan’s Fisheries Cooperation: Principle, Programs and Achievements / Akihiro Mae / pp. 425-434 --- Institutional Capacity Development for Sustainable Aquaculture and Fisheries: Strategic Partnership with Local Institutions / Renato F. Agbayani and Joebert D. Toledo / pp. 435-448 --- International Cooperation for Higher Education in Aquaculture and Fisheries Science—A European Point of View— / Jean Dhont / pp. 449-460

Description / Table of Contents: This volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science presents a selection of papers that were given at the 24th Conference of the Danube Countries. Within the framework of the International Hydrological Program IHP of UNESCO. Since 1961 the Danube countries have successfully co-operated in organizing conferences on Hydrological Forecasting and Hydrological Water Management Issues. The 24th Conference of the Danube Countries took place between 2-4 June 2008 in Bled, Slovenia and was organized by the National Committee of Slovenia for the International Hydrological Program of UNESCO, under the auspices of the President of Republic of Slovenia. It was organized jointly by the Slovenian National Commission for UNESCO and the Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia, under the support of UNESCO, WMO, and IAHS...

Description / Table of Contents: A New Outlook and New Resources / pp. 1-7 --- Ocean Water and Its Wonderful Potential / pp. 9-30 --- OTEC Is Not a Dream / pp. 31-44 --- Sea-Water Rears Fish / pp. 45-81 --- Learning from the Past / pp. 83-90 --- Earth-Friendly Technology / pp. 91-94

Description / Table of Contents: The Microbial Turnover of Carbon in the Deep-Sea Environment / H. W. Jannasch / pp. 1-11 --- The Role of the Anthropogenic Nutrient Input in the Carbon Fixation of the Coastal Ocean Yellow Sea: A Preliminary Study / G. H. Hong, S. H. Kim, C. S. Chung and S. J. Pae / pp. 13-22 --- The Role of the Pacific Ocean as a Regulator of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentrations / C.-T. A. Chen / pp. 23-34 --- CO2 Hydrate Formation and Inversion of Density between Liquid CO2 and H2O in Deep Sea: Experimental Study Using Submersible "Shinkai 6500" / M. Honda, J. Hashimoto, J. Naka and H. Hotta / pp. 35-43 --- Physical Data of CO2 Hydrate / T. Uchida, T. Hondoh, S. Mae and J. Kawabata / pp. 45-61 --- Discussion on the Direct Ocean Disposal of CO2 / N. Handa, H. Ishitani, H. Sakai, M. Takahashi and T. Ohsumi / pp. 63-82 --- The Second International Workshop on Interaction between CO2 and Ocean 1-2 June, 1993 / Tsukuba Center for Institutes, Tsukuba, Japan --- Disposal Options in View of Geochemical Cycle of Carbon / T. Ohsumi / pp. 83-88 --- Developing the Concept of Ocean Disposal Of CO2 within the Framework of an International Agreement / W. G. Ormerod, I. C. Webster, H. Audus and P. W. F. Riemer / pp. 89-101 --- Fate and Effects of Disposed CO2 for Scenarios in the North Pacific Ocean / C. S. Wong and R. Matear / pp. 103-122 --- Disposal Options in View of Ocean Circulation / P. M. Haugan and H. Drange / pp. 123-141 --- The Capacity of the Deep Oceans to Absorb Carbon Dioxide / K. H. Cole, G. R. Stegen and D. Spencer / pp. 143-152 --- Confined Release of CO2 into Shallow Seawater / E. E. Adams, D. Golomb, X. Y. Zhang and H. J. Herzog / pp. 153-164 --- Physical Behavior of Liquid CO2 in the Ocean / Y. Kobayashi / pp. 165-181 --- Technical View on CO2 Transportation onto the Deep Ocean Floor and Dispersion at Intermediate Depths / N. Nakashiki, T. Ohsumi and N. Katano / pp. 183-193 --- Thermodynamics of Multi-Phase Equilibria in the CO2-Seawater System / M. W. Wadsley / pp. 195-216 --- Formation and Stability of CO2 Hydrate / Y. Shindo, Y. Fujioka, Y. Yanagisawa, T. Hakuta and H. Komiyama / pp. 217-231 --- Dissolution Test of a CO2 Droplet through Clathrate Film at High Pressure / I. Aya / pp. 233-238 --- Laboratory Experiments of CO2 Injection into the Ocean / S. M. Masutani, C. M. Kinoshita, G. C. Nihous, H. Teng, L. A. Vega and S. K. Sharma / pp. 239-252 --- Current Status of Dee -Sea Biology in Relation to the CO2 Disposal / Y. Shirayama / pp. 253-264 --- Summary of Discussion on the Direct Ocean Disposal of CO2 / N. Handa, K. Yamada, H. Sakai, M. Takahashi and T. Ohsumi / pp. 265-266

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Physical and Geological Oceanography --- Hydrography in the RSA during the RT/V Umitaka-Maru Cruises / J. Yoshida, M. Matsuyama, T. Senjyu, T. Ishimaru, T. Morinaga, H. Arakawa, A. Kamatani, M. Maeda, A. Otsuki, S. Hashimoto, I. Kasuga, Y. Koike, Y. Mine, Y. Kurita, A. Kitazawa, A. Noda, T. Hayashi, T. Miyazaki, and K. Takahashi / pp. 1-22 --- Vertical structure of a current and density front in the Strait of Hormuz / M. Matsuyama, Y. Kitade, T. Senjyu, Y. Koike, and T. Ishimaru / pp. 23-34 --- High salinity lens from the Strait of Hormuz / T. Senjyu, T. Ishimaru, M. Matsuyama, and Y. Koike / pp. 35-48 --- Distribution of Turbidity in the ROPME Sea Area / Y. Arakawa, T. Hirawake, and T. Morinaga / pp. 49-63 --- Mineralogy, genesis and sources of surficial sediments in the ROPME Sea Area / A. N. Al-Ghadban, A. M. Al-Dousari, A. Al-Kadi, M. Behbehani, and P. Caceres / pp. 65-88 --- Chapter 2. Chemical Oceanography --- Concentrations of bromide and chloride ions and their relationships with salinity in the central region of the ROPME Sea Area / A. Otsuki, K. Nagaoka, S. Hashimoto, R. Tsujimoto, T. Senjyu, and Y. Koike / pp. 89-98 --- Distribution of nutrient, nitrous oxide and chlorophyll a of RSA: Extremely high ratios of nitrite to nitrate in whole water column / S. Hashimoto, R. Tsujimoto, M. Maeda, T. Ishimaru, J. Yoshida, Y. Takasu, Y. Koike, Y. Mine, A. Kamatani, and A. Otsuki / pp. 99-124 --- Levels of mercury in the marine environment of the ROPME area / N. B. Al-Majed and W. A. Rajab / pp. 125-147 --- Metal concentrations in sediment samples collected during Umitaka-Maru Cruises in 1993-1994 / I. Alam, A. A. Al-Arfaj, and M. Sadiq / pp. 149-159 --- Trace metals in the finest fraction of surface sediments from the inner part of ROPME Sea Area / M. Maeda, H. Akitake, I. Kamiya, F. Shibata, and A. Kamatani / pp. 161-180 --- Chapter 3. Biological Oceanography --- Primary production in the ROPME Sea Area / T. Hirawake, K. Tobita, T. Ishimaru, H. Satoh, and T. Morinaga / pp. 181-191 --- Post-spill spatial distribution of zooplankton in the ROPME Sea Area. / F. Al-Yamani, K. Al-Rifaie, H. Al-Mutairi, and W. Ismail / pp. 193-202 --- Aspects of reproduction in the pearl oyster, Pinctada radiata (Leach). / S. A. A. Khamdan / pp. 203-214 --- Chapter 4. Marine pollution --- Distribution of n-alkanes and heterocyclic sulfur compounds in the central region of the ROPME Sea Area (Persian Gulf) / R. Tsujimoto, S. Hashimoto, and A. Otsuki / pp. 215-230 --- Distribution of organotin compounds in fish and the ratio of phenyl-tin to total organic-tin in the ROPME Sea Area / M. Watanabe, S. Hashimoto, K. Fujita, and A. Otsuki / pp. 231-244 --- Toxicity of dibenzothiophene and its distribution in the eastern coast of Japan and northwestern coast of the ROPME Sea Area / J. Koyama, and R. Kuroshima / pp. 245-256 --- Levels of trace metals and hydrocarbons in fish from the ROPME Sea Area / N. B. Al-Majed, F. Al-Safar, W. A. Rajab, M. S. Farhan, and E. Al-Ruqaab / pp. 257-279 --- Appendix: Technical reports --- Study of phytoplankton in ROPME Sea Area / M. Husain, and S. Ibrahim / pp. 281-301 --- Distribution of copepoda in the ROPME Sea Area 1994 / M. Al-Khabbaz, and A. M. Fahmi / pp. 303-318

Description / Table of Contents: MARINE CARBON CYCLE --- Global Scale --- Characterization of Ocean Productivity Using a New Physical-Biological Coupled Ocean Model / K. Nakata, T. Doi, K. Taguchi and S. Aoki / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 1-44 --- Natural Radiocarbon Distribution in the Deep Ocean / K. Matsumoto and R. M. Key / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 45-58 --- Equatorial Region --- Variability of Surface Layer CO2 Parameters in the Western and Central Equatorial Pacific / M. Ishii, S. Saito, T. Tokieda, T. Kawano, K. Matsumoto and H. Y. Inoue / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 59-94 --- Settling Particles Flux in Response to El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Equatorial Pacific / H. Kawahata and L. P. Gupta / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 95-108 --- Particulate Amino Acids and Biogeochemical Processes in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean during the 1999-2001 La Niña Event / L. P. Gupta and H. Kawahata / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 109-120 --- Floral Response of Coccolithophores to Progressive Oligotrophication in the South Equatorial Current, Pacific Ocean / K. Hagino and H. Okada / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 121-132 --- Coccolith Carbonate Fluxes in the Northwest Pacific Ocean / Y. Tanaka / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 133-146 --- Western Pacfic --- Artificial Radionuclides in the Western North Pacific: A Review / G. H. Hong, M. Baskaran and P. P. Povinec / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 147-172 --- Material Transport Processes on the Continental Margin in the East China Sea / M. Yamada / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 173-187 --- Cadmium Distribution in the Western Pacific / K. Abe / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 189-203 --- Ocean Environments in Response to Climatic Change --- Climate Reconstructions from Annually Banded Corals / T. Felis and J. Pätzold / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 205-227 --- Reef Water CO2 System and Carbon Production of Coral Reefs: Topographic Control of System-Level Performance / A. Suzuki and H. Kawahata / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 229-248 --- Chemistry of Benthic Foraminiferal Shells for Recording Ocean Environments: Cd/Ca, d13C and Mg/Ca / K. Tachikawa and H. Elderfield / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 249-263 --- Have the Tropical Pacific Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions Behaved as a Driver of Centennial- to Orbital-Scale Climate Changes? / M. Yamamoto / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 265-278 --- Long Term Variations of Uranium Isotopes and Radiocarbon in the Surface Seawater Recorded in Corals / Y. Yokoyama and T. M. Esat / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 279-309 --- TERRESTRIAL CARBON CYCLE --- A Multi-Scale Analysis of a National Terrestrial Carbon Budget and the Effects of Land-Use Change / C. M. Trotter, K. R. Tate, S. Saggar, N. A. Scott and M. A. Sutherland / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 311-341 --- Global Mapping of Terrestrial Primary Productivity and Light-Use Efficiency with a Process-Based Model / A. Ito and T. Oikawa / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 343-358 --- Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation in a Savanna Landscape: Field and Modeling Perspectives / S. Archer, T. W. Boutton and C. R. McMurtry / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 359-373 --- Estimating Dynamics of CO2 Flux in Agro-Ecosystems based on Synergy of Remote Sensing and Process Modeling-A Methodological Study / Y. Inoue and A. Olioso / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 375-390 --- Changes in Productivity of East and South Asian Countries in the 21st Century: Regional Trends According to Climate Change / K. Okamoto, M. Yokozawa and H. Kawashima / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 391-399 --- A Preliminary Study on the Carbon Dynamics of China's Forest Ecosystems in the Past 20 Years / P. Gong, J. Chen and M. Xu / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 401-410 --- Retrieval of Forest Fire History in Far East Asia by Remote Sensing and Its Analysis with Biomass Burning Simulation and Climate Anomalies / J. Kuçera and Y. Yasuoka / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 411-424 --- Potential of Woody Carbon Stock Estimation Using High Spatial Resolution Imagery: A Case Study of Spruce Stands / Y. Awaya, S. Tsuyuki, E. Kodani and G. Takao / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 425-440 --- Multi-Temporal MODIS Data Product for Carbon Cycles Research / Z. Dafang, L. Ronggao and S. Runhe / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 441-451 --- Photosynthetic Characteristics of Mixed Deciduous-Broadleaf Forests from Leaf to Stand / T. Koike, S. Kitaoka, T. Ichie, T. T. Lei and M. Kitao / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 453-472 --- Effect of Free-Air CO2 Enrichment on Structures of Weed Communities and CO2 Exchange at the Flood-Water Surface in a Rice Paddy Field / H. Koizumi, T. Kibe, T. Nakadai, Y. Yazaki, M. Adachi, M. Inatomi, M. Kondo and T. Ohtsuka / Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land, / pp. 473-485

Description / Table of Contents: Session 1. Global Warming Prediction—Current Status and Issues --- Global Warming Projection Studies at the Meteorological Research Institute/JMA / T. Tokioka and A. Noda / pp. 1-14 --- Projections of Future Climate Change in the 21st Century Simulated by the CCSR/NIES CGCM under the IPCC SRES Scenarios / T. Nozawa, S. Emori, A. Numaguti, Y. Tsushima, T. Takemura, T. Nakajima, A. Abe-Ouchi and M. Kimoto / pp. 15-28 --- Session 2. Modeling of the Atmosphere and Oceans --- Toward a Unified Highly Resolved Regional Climate Modeling System / Y. Wang and B. Wang / pp. 29-48 --- Studies of Climate Variability Using General Circulation Models / M. Kimoto / pp. 49-62 --- Session 3. Modeling of Chemistry of the Atmosphere --- Tropospheric Ozone and Climate: Past, Present and Future / G. P. Brasseur, J.-F. Müller, X-X. Tie and L. Horowitz / pp. 63-76 --- Effects of Man-Made Air Pollution on the Climate / T. Nakajima, A. Higurashi, K. Kawamoto and T. Takemura / pp. 77-88 --- Tropospheric Chemical Transport Modeling over East Asia / I. Uno / pp. 89-100 --- Session 4. Modeling of Land Hydrology Including Snow and Ice --- Effects of Soil Moisture of the Asian Continent upon the Baiu Front / F. Kimura and T. Yoshikane / pp. 101-110 --- Macroscale Hydrology: Challenges and Opportunities / D. P. Lettenmaier / pp. 111-136 --- Linking Ground Hydrology to Ecosystems and Carbon Cycle in a Climate Model / R. E. Dickinson / pp. 137-144 --- Session 5. Modeling of Ecosystem and Its Global Change --- Carbon Storage in the U.S. Caused by Land Use Change / S. W. Pacala, G. C. Hurtt, P. R. Moorcroft and J. P. Caspersen / pp. 145-172 --- A Multi-layered Integrated Numerical Model of Surface Physics—Growing Plants Interaction, MINoSGI / T. Hara, T. Watanabe, M. Yokozawa, S. Emori, K. Takata and A. Sumida / pp. 173-186 --- Session 6. Carbon Cycle Modeling --- Modeling Carbon-Climate Interactions / I. Fung / pp. 187-194 --- Development of Coupled Ocean Physical-Biogeochemical-Ecosystem Model / Y. Yamanaka / pp. 195-206 --- Modeling Carbon Dynamics of Terrestrial Ecosystems in Monsoon Asia / T. Oikawa and A. Ito / pp. 207-220 --- Session 7. Modeling of Paleoenvironmental Change Including Ice Sheet Modeling --- Ice in the Climate System: Paleoclimatological Perspectives / W. R. Peltier and L. P. Solheim / pp. 221-242 --- Using Model Hierarchies to Better Understand Past Climate Chang / M. Kageyama / pp. 243-252 --- Abrupt Climate Change and Thermohaline Circulation / S. Manabe / pp. 253-254 --- Session 8. Modeling of Land Use/Cover Change due to Human Activities --- Backward Land-Cover Change Projections for the Sudano-Sahelian Countries of Africa with a Dynamic Simulation Model of Land-Use Change (SALU) / N. Stephenne and E. F. Lambin / pp. 255-270 --- Integrating Biophysical and Socioeconomic Factors in Modeling Impacts of Global Environmental Change / G. Fischer / pp. 271-292 --- Integration of Observational Data and Behavioral Models for Spatio-Temporal Interpolation—Application to Reconstructing Long-Term Land Use and Land Cover Changes / R. Shibasaki and S. Huang / pp. 293-310 --- Session 9. Integrated Modeling—Current Status --- Earth System Modeling—An Integrated Assessment Tool for Environmental Studies / R. A. Pielke, Sr. / pp. 311-338 --- Integrated Assessment Model of Climate Change: The AIM Approach / Y. Matsuoka, T. Morita and M. Kainuma / pp. 339-362 --- Session 10. Discussion on Strategy toward Modeling of the Integrated System / A. Sumi and T. Morita / pp. 363-372 --- Poster Session --- Effect of Cloud Condensation Nuclei on the Optical Properties of a Layer Cloud: Numerical Simulation with a Cloud-Microphysical Model / N. Kuba, H. Iwabuchi, K. Maruyama, T. Hayasaka and T. Takeda / pp. 373-374 --- Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation of Ozone and Its Precursors from East Asia / O. Wild and H. Akimoto / pp. 375-382 --- Development of CCSR/NIES Nudging CTM and Ozone Simulation / H. Akiyoshi, M. Takigawa, T. Nagashima, J. Kurokawa, S. Sugata, M. Takahashi and H. Nakane / pp. 383-390 --- Modeling Surface Hydrology for Global Water Cycle Simulations / T. Oki / pp. 391-404 --- A New Frozen Soil Parameterization in Land Surface Scheme / X. Li and T. Koike / pp. 405-414 --- Individual-Based Model of a Forest with Spatial Structure and Gene Flow / A. Takenaka / pp. 415-420 --- Global Potential of Carbon Sinks under the Kyoto Protocol / Y. Yamagata and G. A. Alexandrov / pp. 421-426 --- Effect of Orography on Land and Ocean Surface Temperature / A. Kitoh / pp. 427-432 --- Regional Warming Related with Land Use Change during Past 135 Years in Japan / T. Ichinose / pp. 433-440 --- Development of Land Use Model for IPCC New Emission Scenarios (SRES) / T. Masui, Y. Matsuoka, T. Morita, M. Kainuma and K. Takahashi / pp. 441-448 --- Numerical Simulation Study Using a Climate Model Includinga Sophisticated Land Surface Model / K. Mabuchi, Y. Sato and H. Kida / pp. 449-456

Description / Table of Contents: Measuring and Monitoring POPs: A Critique / R. S. S. Wu, A. K. Y. Chan, B. Richardson, D. W. T. Au, J. K. H. Fong, P. K. S. Lam and J. P. Giesy / pp. 1-6 --- Fish Models in Impact Assessment of Carcinogenic Potential of Environmental Chemical Pollutants: An Appraisal of Hermaphroditic Mangrove Killifish Kryptolebias marmoratus / S. Raisuddin and J.-S. Lee / pp. 7-15 --- Research on Ecotoxicology and Applications in Singapore: Description of the Sponge Aggregation Assay / B. Goh / pp. 17-29 --- Perspective of Ecotoxicological Conduction for Water Quality Monitoring in Thailand / N. Tapaneeyakul / pp. 31-35 --- Chronic Effects of Waterborne PFOS Exposure on Growth, Development, Reproduction and Hepatotoxicity in Zebrafish / Y. Du, X. Shi, K. Yu, C. Liu and B. Zhou / pp. 37-54 --- Testicular Toxicity of Arsenic on Spermatogenesis in Fish / F. T. Celino, S. Yamaguchi, C. Miura and T. Miura / pp. 55-60 --- Prostanoid Signaling Mediates Circulation Failure Caused by TCDD in Developing Zebrafish / H. Teraoka, A. Kubota, Y. Kawai and T. Hiraga / pp. 61-80 --- Molecular Basis for Differential Dioxin Sensitivity in Birds: Characterization of Avian AHR Isoforms / E.-Y. Kim, H. Iwata, T. Yasui, N. Inoue, J.-S. Lee, D. G. Franks, S. I. Karchner, M. E. Hahn and S. Tanabe / pp. 81-86 --- Application of Bioassays for the Detection of Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds in Wastes and the Environment / H. Takigami, G. Suzuki and S. Sakai / pp. 87-94 --- Modulation of Expression of Oxidative Stress Genes of the Intertidal Copepod Tigriopus japonicus after Exposure to Environmental Chemicals / J.-S. Lee and S. Raisuddin / pp. 95-105 --- Application of Ascidian DNA Microarray Analysis for Risk Assessment of Marine Chemical Pollutants / K. Azumi, S. Amano, S. V. Sabau, A. Kamimura, N. Satoh and R. Koyanagi / pp. 107-110 --- Immune Gene Expression Levels Correlate with the Phenotype of Japanese Flounder Exposed to Heavy Oil / J.-Y. Song, K. Nakayama, Y. Murakami and S.-I. Kitamura / pp. 111-122 --- Yeast OMICS System for Environmental Toxicology / Y. Tanaka, T. Higashi, R. Rakwal, J. Shibato, S. Wakida and H. Iwahashi / pp. 123-132 --- Genomic Response in Daphnia to Chemical Pollutants / H. Watanabe, K. Kobayashi, Y. Kato, S. Oda, R. Abe, N. Tatarazako and T. Iguchi / pp. 133-142 --- Medaka DNA Microarray: A Tool for Evaluating Physiological Impacts of Various Toxicants / K. Kishi, E. Kitagawa, H. Iwahashi, K. Suzuki and Y. Hayashi / pp. 143-154 --- Sensing of Heavy Metals Using Caenorhabditis elegans DNA Microarray / N. Tominaga, T. Matsuno, S. Kohra and K. Arizono / pp. 155-161 --- Application of Microarray Technology to Toxicity Evaluation in Wild Common Cormorants Contaminated with Persistent Organic Pollutants / K. Nakayama, H. Iwata, L. Tao, K. Kannan, M. Imoto, E.-Y. Kim, K. Tashiro and S. Tanabe / pp. 163-170 --- Effects of Heavy Oil on the Developing Japanese Flounder Paralichthys Olivaceus / H. Nokame, S.-I. Kitamura, K. Nakayama, S. Matsuoka, H. Sakaguchi and Y. Murakami / pp. 171-178 --- Genetic Polymorphisms Influencing Arsenic Metabolism in Human: Evidence from Vietnam / T. Agusa, J. Fujihara, T. B. Minh, P. T. K. Trang, H. Takeshita, H. Iwata, P. H. Viet and S. Tanabe / pp. 179-185 --- Low Induction Potencies of Cytochrome P450 2B and 3A by Persistent Organic Pollutants in Baikal Seal (Pusa sibirica) / H. Sakai, H. Iwata, E.-Y. Kim, E. A. Petrov and S. Tanabe / pp. 187-195 --- Effects of Dioxins and Related Compounds in the Liver of Wild Baikal Seals: An Implication from a Toxicogenomic Approach / S. Hirakawa, D. Imaeda, K. Nakayama, E.-Y. Kim, T. Kunisue, S. Tanabe, E. A. Petrov, V. B. Batoev and H. Iwata / pp. 197-205 --- Interspecies Difference in Susceptibility of TCDD-induced Avian CYP1A5 Transactivation is Dependent on AHR1, not on CYP1A5 Promoter/Enhancer Region / J.-S. Lee, E.-Y. Kim, H. Iwata and S. Tanabe / pp. 207-224 --- Molecular Characterization of Avian Metallothionein (MT) 1 and 2 Isoforms: mRNA Expression, Transactivation Potency, and Detoxification Potential Associated with Element Exposure / D.-H. Nam, E.-Y. Kim and H. Iwata / pp. 225-239 --- Vacuolar-type H+-Translocating ATPase is the Target of Tributyltin Chloride / K. Akiyama, S. Chardwiriyapreecha, T. Chahomchuen, N. Sugimito, T. Sekito, S. Nishimoto, T. Sugahara and Y. Kakinuma / pp. 241-249 --- Characterization of the Vacuolar Transporters for Amino Acid Recycling in Yeast Autophagy / T. Chahomchuen, T. Sekito, K. Hondo, S. Nishimoto, T. Sugahara and Y. Kakinuma / pp. 251-261 --- The Structure-Activity Relationships of Flaxseed Lignan, Secoisolariciresinol / T. Sugahara, S. Yamauchi, S. Nishimoto, A. Kondo, F. Ohno, S. Tominaga, Y. Nakashima, T. Kishida, K. Akiyama, M. Maruyama and Y. Kakinuma / pp. 263-268 --- Risk Assessment of Heavy Oil on Terrestrial Mammals / S. Nishimoto, M. Yamawaki, S.-I. Kitamura, K. Akiyama, Y. Kakinuma and T. Sugahara / pp. 269-274 --- The Role of the Earthworm, Pheretima (Metaphire) hilgendorfi, in Terrestrial Ecosystem Nutrient Cycling / M. Nozaki, C. Miura, Y. Tozawa and T. Miura / pp. 275-279 --- Toxicological Effects of Heavy Oil on Carp by NMR-based Metabolic Profiling of Plasma / S. Uno, E. Kokushi and J. Koyama / pp. 281-289 --- In vitro and in vivo Estrogenic Effects of Fluorotelomer Alcohols in Medaka (Oryzias latipes) / H. Ishibashi, R. Yamauchi, M. Matsuoka, J.-W. Kim, M. Hirano, A. Yamaguchi, N. Tominaga and K. Arizono / pp. 291-301 --- Expression Analysis of Ecdysone Receptor and Ultraspiracle through Molting Period in Mysid Crustacean, Americamysis bahia / M. Hirano, H. Ishibashi, R. Yamauchi, J.-W. Kim and K. Arizono / pp. 303-310 --- Temporal Variation of PCDDs, PCDFs and PCBs in Baikal Seals (Pusa sibirica) / D. Imaeda, T. Kunisue, Y. Ochi, H. Iwata, O. Tsydenova, S. Takahashi, M. Amano, E. A. Petrov, V. B. Batoev and S. Tanabe / pp. 311-320 --- Hydroxylated Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Blood of Cetacean Species Stranded along the Japanese Coast / S. Murata, T. Kunisue, S. Takahashi, T. K. Yamada and S. Tanabe / pp. 321-330 --- Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Hexabromocyclododecanes in Japanese Human Adipose Tissues / T. Isobe, H. Oda, N. Takayanagi, T. Kunisue, M. Nose, T. Yamada, H. Komori, N. Arita, N. Ueda, S. Takahashi and S. Tanabe / pp. 331-338 --- Spatial Distribution and Accumulation of Organohalogen Compounds in Human Breast Milk from the Philippines / G. Malarvannan, T. Kunisue, T. Isobe, A. Sudaryanto, S. Takahashi, M. Prudente and S. Tanabe / pp. 339-347 --- Cell-to-cell Contact is Required for Transfer of Tetracycline Resistance Gene tet(M) in Marine Bacteria / F. A. Neela, N. Nagahama and S. Suzuki / pp. 349-353 --- Occurrence Rates of Sulfamethoxazole and Erythromycin-Resistant Bacteria and Drug Concentrations in Wastewater of Integrated Aquaculture-Agriculture (VAC) Sites in Northern Vietnam / P. T. P. Hoa, S. Managaki, N. Nakada, H. Takada, D. H. Anh, P. H. Viet and S. Suzuki / pp. 355-359 --- Comparative Study of Pesticide Effects (Herbicide and Fungicide) on Zooplankton Community / K.-H. Chang, M. Sakamoto, J.-Y. Ha, T. Murakami, Y. Miyabara, S. Nakano, H. Imai, H. Doi and T. Hanazato / pp. 361-366 --- Succession of Harmful Algae Microcystis (Cyanophyceae) Species in a Eutrophic Pond / H. Imai, K.-H. Chang, M. Kusaba and S. Nakano / pp. 367-372

Description / Table of Contents: Towards State-of-the-Art Dynamical Modelling and Risk Assessment of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in the Global Environment / T. Kawai and I. C. Handoh / pp. 1-9 --- Teasing out the Non-Linearity in the POPs-Phytoplankton Bioconcentration Processes / M. Seto and I. C. Handoh / pp. 11-19 --- Comprehensive Assessment of Dioxin Contamination in Da Nang Airbase and Its Vicinities: Environmental Levels, Human Exposure and Options for Mitigating Impacts / N. H. Minh, T. Boivin, P. N. Canh and L. K. Son / pp. 21-29 --- Contamination Status of Dioxins in Sediments from Saigon River Estuary, Vietnam / A. Shiozaki, M. Someya, T. Kunisue, S. Takahashi, B. C. Tuyen, H. Takada and S. Tanabe / pp. 31-45 --- Bioaccumulation of Dioxins in the Benthic Fish from Hiroshima Bay / H. Tanaka, K. Kono and D. Ueno / pp. 47-54 --- Hydroxylated Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Blood of Cetaceans Stranded along the Japanese Coast / S. Murata, K. Nomiyama, T. Kunisue, S. Takahashi, T. K. Yamada and S. Tanabe / pp. 55-66 --- Contamination Status of Organohalogen Compounds in Deep-Sea Fishes in Northwest Pacific Ocean, Off-Tohoku, Japan / T. Oshihoi, T. Isobe, S. Takahashi, T. Kubodera and S. Tanabe / pp. 67-72 --- Temporal Variation of Persistent Organochlorine Residues in Soils from Vietnam / V. D. Thao, V. D. Toan and M. Kawano / pp. 73-82 --- Organochlorines and Brominated Flame Retardants in Deep-Sea Ecosystem of Sagami Bay / S. Toyoshima, T. Isobe, K. Ramu, H. Miyasaka, K. Omori, S. Takahashi, S. Nishida and S. Tanabe / pp. 83-90 --- Contamination by PCBs and BFRs in Vietnamese Human Milk Associated with Recycling of E-waste / N. M. Tue, A. Sudaryanto, B. H. Nhat, S. Takahashi, P. H. Viet and S. Tanabe / pp. 91-97 --- Ecological Risk Assessment Using High Resolution Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) / N. Kannan and G. Petrick / pp. 99-109 --- Residue Levels of OH-PCBs and PCBs in the Blood of Baikal Seals (Pusa sibirica) / D. Imaeda, K. Nomiyama, T. Kunisue, H. Iwata, O. Tsydenova, S. Takahashi, M. Amano, E. A. Petrov, V. B. Batoev and S. Tanabe / pp. 111-117 --- Contamination Status of Brominated Flame Retardants (BFRs) in Baikal Seals (Pusa sibirica) / T. Isobe, Y. Ochi, D. Imaeda, H. Sakai, S. Hirakawa, O. Tsydenova, M. Amano, E. Petrov, V. Batoev, H. Iwata, S. Takahashi and S. Tanabe / pp. 119-124 --- Levels of Brominated Flame Retardants in Sediments and Their Bioaccumulation Potential in Biota from Jakarta Bay and Its Surroundings, Indonesia / A. Sudaryanto, I. E. Setiawan, M. Ilyas, E. Soeyanto, A. S. Riadi, T. Isobe, S. Takahashi and S. Tanabe / pp. 125-131 --- Characterization of Brominated Flame Retardants in House Dust and Their Role as Non-Dietary Source for Human in Indonesia / A. Sudaryanto, T. Isobe, G. Suzuki, I. E. Setiawan, M. Ilyas, A. S. Riyadi, S. Takahashi and S. Tanabe / pp. 133-141 --- Contamination by Brominated Flame Retardants in Soil Samples from Open Dumping Sites of Asian Developing Countries / A. Eguchi, T. Isobe, A. Subramanian, A. Sudaryanto, K. Ramu, T. B. Minh, P. Chakraborty, N. H. Minh, T. S. Tana, P. H. Viet, S. Takahashi and S. Tanabe / pp. 143-151 --- Contamination and Accumulation Feature of Organotin Compounds in Common Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) from Lake Biwa, Japan / H. Mizukawa, S. Takahashi, K. Nakayama, A. Sudo and S. Tanabe / pp. 153-161 --- Quantitative Analysis of Expression of Tributyltin (TBT)-Regulated Genes in TBT-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa 25W / K. Fukushima, S. K. Dubey and S. Suzuki / pp. 163-166 --- Monitoring Trace Elements in Coastal Waters Using Sardine as a Bioindicator / D. Hayase, S. Horai, T. Isobe, T. W. Miller, S. Takahashi, K. Omori and S. Tanabe / pp. 167-175 --- Mass Mortality and Trace Element Residues in Isaza (Gymnogobius isaza) Collected from Lake Biwa, Japan / S. Horai, D. Hayase, S. Takahashi, T. Ishikawa, M. Kumagai and S. Tanabe / pp. 177-183 --- Is Arsenic a Potential Threat for Human Health in Indonesia? / M. Ilyas, A. Sudaryanto, Y. Anantasena, S. Takahashi and S. Tanabe / pp. 185-189 --- Genetic Polymorphism Influencing Arsenic Metabolism in Human / H. Takeshita, J. Fujihara, T. Agusa, S. Takahashi, H. Iwata and S. Tanabe / pp. 191-195 --- Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Gene Expression by Chlorinated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Cross-Talk with Estrogen Receptors / H. Sakakibara, T. Ohura, M. Morita, S. Hirabayashi, R. Kuruto-Niwa, T. Amagai and K. Shimoi / pp. 197-202 --- Characterization of the Organohalogen Compounds Which Affect Gene Expressions Mediated by Thyroid Hormone Receptors / H. Sakai, A. Kawashima, Y. Kashima and T. Yamada-Okabe / pp. 203-210 --- Abnormal Response Induced by Pesticides on Mammalian Immune System / S. Nishimoto, K. Kanda, M. Okabe, K. Akiyama, Y. Kakinuma and T. Sugahara / pp. 211-217 --- Paraquat Modulates the Differentiation of C2C12 Cells to Myotube / M. Okabe, K. Akiyama, S. Nishimoto, T. Sugahara and Y. Kakinuma / pp. 219-225 --- Diet as a Modifier of Benzo(a)pyrene Metabolism and Benzo(a)pyrene—Induced Colon Tumors in ApcMin mice / D. L. Harris, M. S. Niaz, J. D. Morrow, M. K. Washington and A. Ramesh / pp. 227-238 --- Occurrence and Concentrations of Persistent Personal Care Products, Organic UV Filters, in the Marine Environment / H. Nakata, S. Murata, R. Shinohara, J. Filatreau, T. Isobe, S. Takahashi and S. Tanabe / pp. 239-246 --- Synthetic Musk Fragrances in Human Breast Milk and Adipose Tissue from Japan / D. Ueno, M. Moribe, K. Inoue, T. Someya, N. Ryuda, M. Ichiba, T. Miyajima, T. Kunisue, H. In, K. Maruo and H. Nakata / pp. 247-252 --- Status of Environmental Contamination in Ghana, the Perspective of a Research Scientist / K. A. Asante and W. J. Ntow / pp. 253-260 --- Pollution Study in Manila Bay: Eutrophication and Its Impact on Plankton Community / K.-H. Chang, A. Amano, T. W. Miller, T. Isobe, R. Maneja, F. P. Siringan, H. Imai and S. Nakano / pp. 261-267 --- Growth Responses of Harmful Algal Species Microcystis (Cyanophyceae) under Various Environmental Conditions / H. Imai, K.-H. Chang and S. Nakano / pp. 269-275 --- Biodegradation of Microcystin-LR by Natural Bacterial Populations / P. M. Manage, C. Edwards and L. A. Lawton / pp. 277-285 --- Changes in Proteolytic Activities in Stored Seawater and Bacterial Isolates / C. W. Bong, Y. Obayashi and S. Suzuki / pp. 287-291 --- Identification of Phenanthrene Metabolites Produced by Polyporus sp. S133 / T. Hadibarata and S. Tachibana / pp. 293-299 --- Enhanced Chrysene Biodegradation in Presence of a Synthetic Surfactant / T. Hadibarata and S. Tachibana / pp. 301-308 --- Oxidative Degradation of Benzo[a]pyrene by the Ligninolytic Fungi / T. Hadibarata / pp. 309-316 --- Microbial Degradation of Crude Oil by Fungi Pre-Grown on Wood Meal / T. Hadibarata and S. Tachibana / pp. 317-322 --- Microbial Degradation of n-Eicosane by Filamentous Fungi / T. Hadibarata and S. Tachibana / pp. 323-329 --- Validity of the New Method for Imogolite Synthesis and Its Genetic Implication / Z. Abidin, N. Matsue and T. Henmi / pp. 331-341

Description / Table of Contents: This volume of the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Sciences presents a selection of papers given at the Donald D Harrington Symposium on the Geology of the Aegean held on the campus of the University of Texas at Austin on April 28-30, 2008. Donald D Harrington was born in Illinois in 1899 and moved westward after serving in the Army Air Corps during World War I. Mr Harrington took a position as a landman with Marlin Oil Company in Oklahoma. When the Texas Panhandle oil boom hit in 1926, he moved to Amarillo, Texas, where he met Sybil Buckingham—the granddaughter of one of Amarillo's founding families. They married in 1935 and went on to build one of the most successful independent oil and gas operations in Texas history. The couple created the Don and Sybil Harrington Foundation in 1951 to support worthy causes such as museums, medical research, education, and the arts. At the Harrington Symposium on the Geology of the Aegean, researchers presented papers organized under five general themes: (1) the geology of Aegean in general (2) the geologic history of specific domains within the Aegean (Cyclades, Menderes, Kazdag, Rhodope, Crete, southern Balkans, etc) (3) the dynamic tectonic processes that occur within the Aegean (4) its geo-archeological history, natural history and hazards and (5) comparisons of the Aegean to regions elsewhere (e.g., Basin and Ranges; Asian extensional terranes). The Aegean is a locus of dynamic research in a variety of fields, and the symposium provided an opportunity for geologists from a range of disciplines to interact and share new results and information about their research in the area...

Description / Table of Contents: Caldera-formation is one of the most awe-inspiring and powerful displays of nature's force. Resultant deposits may cover vast areas and significantly alter the immediate topography. Post-collapse activity may include resurgence, unrest, intra-caldera volcanism and potentially the start of a new magmatic cycle, perhaps eventually leading to renewed collapse. Since volcanoes and their eruptions are the surface manifestation of magmatic processes, calderas provide key insights into the generation and evolution of large-volume silicic magma bodies in the Earth's crust. Despite their potentially ferocious nature, calderas play a crucial role in modern society's life. Collapse calderas host essential economic deposits and supply power for many via the exploitation of geothermal reservoirs, and thus receive considerable scientific, economic and industrial attention. Calderas also attract millions of visitors world-wide with their spectacular scenic displays. To build on the outcomes of the 2005 calderas workshop in Tenerife (Spain) and to assess the most recent advances on caldera research, a follow-up meeting was proposed to be held in Mexico in 2008. This abstract volume presents contributions to the 2nd Calderas Workshop held at Hotel Misión La Muralla, Querétaro, Mexico, 19–25 October 2008. The title of the workshop `Reconstructing the evolution of collapse calderas: Magma storage, mobilisation and eruption' set the theme for five days of presentations and discussions, both at the venue as well as during visits to the surrounding calderas of Amealco, Amazcala and Huichapan. The multi-disciplinary workshop was attended by more than 40 scientist from North, Central and South America, Europe, Australia and Asia. Contributions covered five thematic topics: geology, geochemistry/petrology, structural analysis/modelling, geophysics, and hazards...

Description / Table of Contents: This volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science presents a selection of papers that were given at the WMO/GEO Expert Meeting on an International Sand and Dust Storm Warning System hosted by the Barcelona Supercomputing Center – Centro Nacional de Supercomputación in Barcelona (Spain) on 7-9 November 2007 (http://www.bsc.es/wmo). A sand and dust storm (SDS) is a meteorological phenomenon common in arid and semi-arid regions and arises when a gust front passes or when the wind force exceeds the threshold value where loose sand and dust are removed from the dry surface. After aeolian uptake, SDS reduce visibility to a few meters in and near source regions, and dust plumes are transported over distances as long as thousands of kilometres. Aeolian dust is unique among aerosol phenomena: (1) with the possible exception of sea-salt aerosol, it is globally the most abundant of all aerosol species, (2) it appears as the dominating component of atmospheric aerosol over large areas of the Earth, (3) it represents a serious hazard for life, health, property, environment and economy (occasionally reaching the grade of disaster or catastrophic event) and (4) its influence, impacts, complex interactions and feedbacks within the Earth System span a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. From a political and societal point of view, the concern for SDS and the need for international cooperation were reflected after a survey conducted in 2005 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in which more than forty WMO Member countries expressed their interest for creating or improving capacities for SDS warning advisory and assessment. In this context, recent major advances in research – including, for example, the development and implementation of advanced observing systems, the theoretical understanding of the mechanisms responsible for sand and dust storm generation and the development of global and regional dust models – represent the basis for developing applications focusing on societal benefit and risk reduction. However, at present there are interdisciplinary research challenges to overwhelm current uncertainties in order to reach full potential. Furthermore, the community of practice for SDS observations, forecasts and analyses is mainly scientifically based and rather disconnected from potential users. This requires the development of interfaces with operational communities at international and national levels, strongly focusing on the needs of people and factors at risk ... The general objective of the WMO/GEO Expert Meeting on an International Sand and Dust Storm Warning System was to discuss and recommend actions needed to develop a global routine SDS-WAS based on integrating numerical SDS prediction and observing systems, and on establishing effective cooperation between data producers and user communities in order to provide SDS-WAS products capable of contributing to the reduction of risks from SDS. The specific objectives were: to identify, present and suggest future real-time observations for forecast verification and dust surveillance: satellite, ground-based remote sensing (passive and active) and in-situ monitoring; to present ongoing forecasting activities; to discuss and identify user needs: health, air quality, air transport operations, ocean, and others; to identify and discuss dust research issues relevant for operational forecast applications; to present the concept of SDS-WAS and Regional Centers...

Description / Table of Contents: The Beyond Kyoto conference in Aarhus March 2009 was organised in collaboration with other knowledge institutions, businesses and authorities. It brought together leading scientists, policy-makers, authorities, intergovernmental organisations, NGO's, business stakeholders and business organisations. The conference was a joint interdisciplinary project involving many academic areas and disciplines. These conference proceedings are organised in central and recurring themes that cut across many debates on climate change, the climatic challenges as well as the solutions. In the front there is a short presentation of the conference concept. Part I of the proceedings focuses on issues related to the society – covering climate policy, law, market based instruments, financial structure, behaviour and consumption, public participation, media communication and response from indigenous peoples etc. Part II of the proceedings concerns the scientific knowledge base on climate related issues – covering climate change processes per se, the potential impacts of projected climate change on biodiversity and adaptation possibilities, the interplay between climate, agriculture and biodiversity, emissions, agricultural systems, increasing pressure on the functioning of agriculture and natural areas, vulnerability to extreme weather events and risks in respect to sea-level rise etc...

Description / Table of Contents: Reconstructing past climate and past ocean circulation demands the highest possible precision and accuracy which urges the scientific community to look at different sediment records such as the ones from coastal zones to deep-sea with a more complete set of technical and methodological tools. However, the information given by each tool varies in precision, accuracy and in significance according to their environmental settings. It is therefore essential to compare tools. With that in mind, and as part of the International year of Planet Earth, a workshop entitled `From deep-sea to coastal zones: Methods and Techniques for studying palaeoenvironments' took place in Faro (Portugal), from 25–29 February 2008 in order to: present several methods and techniques that can be used for studying sediments from deep-sea to coastal zones, namely for reconstructing palaeoenvironments in order to document past climatic changes and short to long-term environmental processes; allow cross experience between different fields and specialties, either from deep-sea to coastal zones or from micropaleontology to geochemistry; give the opportunity to students from different universities and countries to attend the workshop; publish a special volume on the presented methods and techniques during the workshop. The workshop was organized in four non-parallel sessions dealing with the use of micropaleontology, isotopes, biogeochemistry and sedimentology, as tools for palaeoenvironmental studies. The present IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science proceedings reflect this organization and papers are published in each theme. The papers are either short reviews or case studies and are highlighted below. The remains of microorganisms found in sediments are the main proxies used in micropaleontological studies. However, the link between fossilized remains and their living origin is not easy to reconstruct only based on the geologic/sedimentary record. Accordingly, Barbosa presents a review of the actual knowledge of living phytoplankton dynamics and the processes, or environmental conditions, which could contribute to the production of fossilized biogenic remains. In the next paper, de Vernal presents a review, based on several case studies, on how palynological fossils observed in sediments are used in tracing biogenic fluxes, characterizing sedimentary environments, or even reconstructing hydrographical conditions and productivity. The two other papers presented in the micropaleontological proxy section are case studies on the use of dinoflagellates (Rochon) and calcareous plankton remains (Guerreiro et al), respectively, to better understand their local or regional environmental living characteristics ant therefore their specific interpretation for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction at a regional scale. Isotopic proxies can be used either as provenance tracers or as chronometers of different processes. Once again, each study can provide a very specific framework of the proxies' use and it is very important to know and evaluate the limits of these tools in each environment and/or type of analyzed material. Accordingly, the two first articles deal with the study of organic carbon either by carbon and oxygen stable isotopes (Hélie) or by radiocarbon (Mollhenhauer and Rethemeyer) analysis. The two other articles in this section deal with the use of radioisotopes. Ghaleb reviews the methods for measuring short-lived radiosisotopes in sediments, giving examples of their use for estimating recent sedimentary accumulation rates; whereas Hillaire-Marcel reviews the potential use of U-series isotopes as radiochronometers in biogenic carbonates. Geochemistry groups more than one field of expertise. However, in the present section, inorganic geochemistry is not treated and both articles present work on a very specific, and at the same time very complex, compound of the organic matter realm: black carbon. As such, Veilleux et al present a density fractionation method for isolating the small quantities of soot-like and graphitic material usually found in natural samples, whereas González-Vila et al. illustrate the potential of the combined use of analytical pyrolysis and solid state 13C NMR to determine the presence of black carbon and to characterize the refractory organic matter in marine sediments from the Gulf of Cadiz (Spain). In the last section, two papers are presented and discuss sedimentological proxies. In their paper, using diffuse spectral reflectance data, Veiga-Pires and Mestre try to determine if `twinned cores' (or paired cores) can be used as duplicate records to increase the volume of sediments collected in the field, whereas Drago et al discuss the use of fish remains in sediments for the reconstruction of paleoproductivity. Each of the above papers benefited from the constructive comments of at least two reviewers and we wish to sincerely thank the reviewers for their timely evaluation. We also thank the participants, volunteers and organizers of the workshop for their implication, making this first workshop on Methods and Techniques for studying palaeoenvironments (METECH) a success. The workshop and this proceeding would not have been possible without the financial and logistical support of GEOTOP, CIMA, the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FACC07/1/1315) and IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science...

Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Outline of the physical processes within mangrove systems --- Chapter 1: Introduction --- Chapter 2: Present state of mangrove studies from a physical viewpoint --- Chapter 3: Physical factors that shape mangrove environments --- Chapter 4: Hydrodynamics and physics that support the mangrove environment --- Chapter 5: Feedback processes that maintain the mangrove environment --- Chapter 6: Research technology --- Chapter 7: Modeling of mangrove systems --- Chapter 8: Future studies in the context of the preservation and utilization of mangroves

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction / Tomotoshi Okaichi / pp. 3-5 --- Seto Inland Sea—Historical Background / Tetsuo Yanagi and Tomotoshi Okaichi / pp. 9-14 --- Biological Productivity of the Lower Trophic Levels of the Seto Inland Sea / Hiroaki Hashimoto, Toshiya Hashimoto, Osamu Matsuda, Kuninao Tada, Kyoichi Tamai, Shin-ichi Uye and Tamiji Yamamoto / pp. 17-58 --- Fisheries Production / Tatsuki Nagai and Yasuki Ogawa / pp. 61-94 --- The Preservation and Creation of Fisheries Grounds / Tetsuo Yanagi / pp. 97-119 --- Strategies for Reduction of Nutrient Loads from the Land / Masahiko Sekine and Masao Ukita / pp. 123-158 --- The Relationship between the Fishery Industry and Environmental Evaluation of the Seto Inland Sea / Hidenori Niizawa, Ken'ichi Nakagami and Kazuhisa Oba / pp. 161-185 --- Legal System and Coastal Management / Mitsuru Nakayama / pp. 189-214 --- Synthesis and Proposal / Tetsuo Yanagi and Tomotoshi Okaichi / pp. 217-219 --- Comparison of the Seto Inland Sea with Other Enclosed Seas from Around the World / Hidetaka Takeoka / pp. 223-247 --- Red Tides in the Seto Inland Sea / Tomotoshi Okaichi / pp. 251-304 --- Law Concerning Special Measures for Conservation of the Environment of the Seto Inland Sea / pp. 307-317 --- International EMECS Center International Center for the Environmental Manage ment of Enclosed Coastal Sea / pp. 321-325

Description / Table of Contents: Climate change remains a global challenge requiring international collaborative action. Another area where countries have successfully committed to a long-term multilateral resolution is the liberalization of international trade. Integration into the world economy has proven a powerful means for countries to promote economic growth, development, and poverty reduction. The broad objectives of the betterment of current and future human welfare are shared by both global trade and climate regimes. Yet both climate and trade agendas have evolved largely independently through the years, despite their mutually supporting objectives. Since global emission goals and global trade objectives are shared policy objectives of most countries, and nearly all of the World Bank's clients, it makes sense to consider the two sets of objectives together.This book is one of the first comprehensive attempts to look at the synergies between climate change and trade objectives from economic, legal, and institutional perspectives. It addresses an important policy question - how changes in trade policies and international cooperation on trade policies can help address global environmental spillovers, especially GHG emissions, and what the (potential) effects of (national) environmental policies that are aimed at global environmental problems might be for trade and investment. It explores opportunities for aligning development and energy policies in such a way that they could stimulate production, trade, and investment in cleaner technology options.

Description / Table of Contents: Global warming and changes in climate will have severe and lasting impacts on national efforts to alleviate poverty and promote sustainable development. Some of the world s poorest countries and communities are the most vulnerable and are already suffering the consequences. Yet often these countries are rich in natural capital, ecosystems, and biodiversity that can contribute to solutions as they can to climate change. Biodiversity is the foundation and mainstay of agriculture, forests, and fisheries. Biological resources provide the raw materials for livelihoods, agriculture, medicines, trade, tourism, and industry. Forests, grasslands, freshwater, and marine and other natural ecosystems provide a range of services, often not recognized in national economic accounts but vital to human welfare: regulating water flows and water quality, flood control, pollination, decontamination, carbon sequestration, soil conservation, and nutrient and hydrological cycling. Current efforts to address climate change focus mainly on reducing emissions of greenhouse gases, mainly through cleaner energy strategies, and on attempting to reduce vulnerability of the communities at risk by improving infrastructure to meet new energy and water needs. This book book sets out a compelling argument for including ecosystem-based approaches to mitigation and adaptation as a third essential pillar in national strategies to address climate change. Such ecosystem-based strategies can offer cost-effective, proven and sustainable solutions contributing to, and complementing, other national and regional adaptation strategies.

Description / Table of Contents: Since WEO-2008, the economic downturn has led to a drop in energy use, CO2 emissions and energy investment. Is this an opportunity to arrest climate change or a threat that any economic upturn might be stifled at birth? What package of commitments and measures should the climate negotiators at Copenhagen put together if they really want to stop global temperatures rising? How much would it cost? And how much might the developed world have to pay to finance action elsewhere? How big is the gas resource base and what is the typical pattern of production from a gas field? What does the unconventional gas boom in the United States mean for the rest of the world? Are we headed for a global gas glut? What role will gas play in the future energy mix? And how might the way gas is priced change? All these questions and many others are answered in WEO-2009. The data are extensive, the projections more detailed than ever and the analyses compelling.

Description / Table of Contents: Oil prices have broken $50 a barrel, soaring Chinese demand is rocking energy markets, and climate-destabilising carbon emissions grow apace. The World Energy Outlook 2004 offers the statistical background and analytical insight.

Description / Table of Contents: World leaders have pledged to act to change the energy future. Some new policies are in place. But the trends in energy demand, imports, coal use and greenhouse gas emissions to 2030 in this year’s World Energy Outlook are even worse than projected in WEO 2006. China and India are the emerging giants of the world economy. Their unprecedented pace of economic development will require ever more energy, but it will transform living standards for billions. There can be no question of asking them selectively to curb growth so as to solve problems which are global. So how is the transition to be achieved to a more secure, lower-carbon energy system? WEO 2007 provides the answers. With extensive statistics, projections in three scenarios, analysis and advice, it shows China, India and the rest of the world why we need to co-operate to change the energy future and how to do it.

Description / Table of Contents: Part 1 Introduction --- 1 Outline of the Environmental Monitoring of TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (Tomoyuki TAKAHASHI) --- 2 Outline of the Radiation Dose Estimation of Residents After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (Sentaro TAKAHASHI) --- Part 2 Overview --- 3 Accident of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant: Sequences, FP Released, Lessons Learned (Jun SUGIMOTO) --- 4 Some Comments on Dose Assessment for Members of the Public After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (Jiro INABA) --- Part 3 Radiation Survey of the Environment --- 5 Environmental Radiation Status in and Around Tokyo Immediately After the TEPCO Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Disaster (Takeshi IIMOTO) --- 6 Radiation Survey Along Two Trails in Mt. Fuji to Investigate the Radioactive Contamination Due to TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant Accident (Kazuaki YAJIMA) --- 7 Development of a Carborne Survey System, KURAMA (Minoru TANIGAKI) --- 8 Radiation Measurement in East Japan in 2011 After the Fukushima Nuclear Accident (Takumi KUBOTA) --- Part 4 Environmental Radioactivity --- 9 Distribution of Plutonium Isotopes in Marine Sediments Off Japan Before and After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident: A Review (Jian ZHENG) --- 10 Time Trend Change of Air Dose Rate on Paved Area in Fukushima City After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (Shin-ya HOHARA) --- 11 Observation of Radionuclides in Marine Biota off the Coast of Fukushima Prefecture After TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (Tatsuo AONO) --- Part 5 Transfer Models and/or Parameters --- 12 Evaluating Removal of Radionuclides from Landfill Leachate Using Generally Practiced Wastewater Treatment Processes (Nao ISHIKAWA) --- 13 Studies on Radiocesium Transfer in Agricultural Plants in Fukushima Prefecture (Takashi SAITO) --- Part 6 Source Estimation --- 14 Investigation of Uncertainty in the Release Rates of I 131 and Cs 137 from Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Estimated from Environmental Data (Shigekazu HIRAO) --- 15 Source Term Estimation of 131I and 137Cs Discharged from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Atmosphere (Haruyasu NAGAI) --- Part 7 Dose Assessment --- 16 NIRS's Activities for the Reconstruction of Early Internal Exposure in the TEPCO Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Accident (Osamu KURIHARA) --- 17 Internal Radiation Dose of KURRI Volunteers Working at Evacuation Shelters After TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (Yuko KINASHI) --- 18 Probabilistic Assessment of Doses to the Public Living in Areas Contaminated by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (Shogo TAKAHARA) --- 19 Reduction of External Exposure for Residents Owing to the Fukushima Nuclear Accident by Weathering and Decontamination (Hiroko YOSHIDA)

Description / Table of Contents: Managing Environmental Risks and Promoting Sustainability: Science Advancement and Leadership Development --- Biodiversity Agriculture Supports Human Populations --- Conservation and Sustainable Management of Soil Biodiversity for Agricultural Productivity --- Conservation Tillage Assessment For Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emission In Rainfed Agro-Ecosystem --- Improving Biodiversity in Rice Paddy Fields to Promote Land Sustainability --- Agroforestry Models for Promoting Effective Risk Management and Building Sustainable Communities --- Managing Environmental Risks and Promoting Sustainability: Conservation of Forest Resources in Madagascar --- Community-Based Mangrove Forest Management in Thailand: Key Lesson Learned for Environmental Risk Management --- Necessity of Adaptive Risk Management for Fisheries and Wildlife --- Valuation of Non-Marketed Agricultural Ecosystem Services and Food Security in Southeast Asia --- Emerging Socio-Economic and Environmental Issues Affecting Food Security: A Case Study of Silang-Santa Rosa Subwatershed --- Strengthening the Capacity of Flood-Affected Rural Communities in Padang Terap, State of Kedah, Malaysia --- Mitigating Coastal Erosion in Fort Dauphin, Madagascar --- Risk Management of Chemical Pollution: Principles from the Japanese Experience --- Research on the Sod Between Chlorophyll-a and Organic Matter BOD, COD, Phosphorus and Total Nitrogen in Stagnant Lake Basins --- Managing Construction Development Risks to the Environment --- Ecosystem Restoration Using the Near-Natural Method in Shanghai --- Sustainable Management of Urban Green Environments: Challenges and Opportunities --- Environment and Social Capacity Assessment for Sustainability Promotion and Risk Management --- Rural Landscape Conservation in Japan: Lessons from the Satoyama Conservation Program in Kanagawa Prefecture --- Enhancing Students’ Ecological Thinking to Improve Understanding of Environmental Risk --- Interactive Multimedia Education System (IMES) as a International Education Platform

Description / Table of Contents: 1 “Diffusive Demand” and “Creative Demand” --- 2 The 21st Century Paradigm and the Role of Information Technology --- 3 “Vision 2050” as the Rescue of a “Limited Earth” --- 4 Finding a Way Out Through Creative Demand, I --- 5 Finding a Way Out Through Creative Demand, II --- 6 Toward the Realization of a “Platinum Society”

Description / Table of Contents: Preface --- Foreword by Keith Solomon and John Giesy --- Foreword by Coordinating Board of Editors --- Ecological Risk Assessment for Chlorpyrifos in Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems in The United States – Overview and Conclusions --- Properties and Uses of Chlorpyrifos in the United States --- Fate in the Environment and Long-Range Atmospheric Transport of the Organophosphorus Insecticide, Chlorpyrifos and its Oxon in the United States --- Exposures of Aquatic Organisms to the Organophosphorus Insecticide, Chlorpyrifos Resulting from Use in the United States --- Risks to Aquatic Organisms from Use of Chlorpyrifos in the United States --- Refined Avian Risk Assessment for Chlorpyrifos in the United States --- Risk to Pollinators from the Use of Chlorpyrifos in the United States --- Index

Description / Table of Contents: Preface --- 1. The Full-Scale Laboratory: The Practice of Post-Earthquake Reconnaissance Missions and Their Contribution to Earthquake Engineering --- 2. Rapid Earthquake Loss Assessment after Damaging Earthquakes --- 3. Existing Buildings: The New Italian Provisions for Probabilistic Seismic Assessment --- 4. Seismic Response of Precast Industrial Buildings --- 5. The Role of Site Effects at The Boundary Between Seismology and Engineering: Lessons from Recent Earthquakes --- 6. Seismic Analysis and Design of Bridges with an Emphasis to Eurocode Standards --- 7. From Performance- and Displacement-Based Assessment of Existing Buildings per EN1998-3 to Design of New Concrete Structures in Fib MC2010 --- 8. Testing Historic Masonry Structural Elements and/or Building Models --- 9. Earthquake Risk Reduction: From Scenario Simulators Including Systemic Interdependency to Impact Indicators --- 10. Physics-Based Earthquake Ground Shaking Scenarios in Large Urban Areas --- 11. A Seismic Performance Classification Framework to Provide Increased Seismic Resilience --- 12. Towards Displacement-Based Seismic Design of Modern Unreinforced Masonry Structures --- 13. Pushover Analysis for Plan Irregular Building Structures --- 14. Recent Development and Application of Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation and Conditions for Their Correct Use --- 15. Conservation Principles and Performance-Based Strengthening of Heritage Buildings in Post-Event Reconstruction --- 16. Earthquake Risk Assessment: Present Shortcomings and Future Directions --- 17. The Role of Pile Diameter on Earthquake-Induced Bending --- 18. Predictive Models for Earthquake Response of Clay and Quick Clay Slopes.- 19. Recent Advances in Seismic Soil Liquefaction Engineering --- 20. Seismic Hazard and Seismic Design and Safety Aspects of Large Dam Projects

Description / Table of Contents: This book covers essential aspects of transmutation technologies, highlighting especially the advances in Japan. The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) has caused us to focus attention on a large amount of spent nuclear fuels stored in NPPs. In addition, public anxiety regarding the treatment and disposal of high-level radioactive wastes that require long-term control is growing. The Japanese policy on the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle is still unpredictable in the aftermath of the accident. Therefore, research and development for enhancing the safety of various processes involved in nuclear energy production are being actively pursued worldwide. In particular, nuclear transmutation technology has been drawing significant attention after the accident. This publication is timely with the following highlights: 1) Development of accelerator-driven systems (ADSs), which is a brand-new reactor concept for transmutation of highly radioactive wastes; 2) Nuclear reactor systems from the point of view of the nuclear fuel cycle. How to reduce nuclear wastes or how to treat them including the debris from TEPCO’s Fukushima nuclear power stations is discussed; and 3) Environmental radioactivity, radioactive waste treatment, and geological disposal policy. State-of-the-art technologies for overall back-end issues of the nuclear fuel cycle as well as the technologies of transmutation are presented here. The chapter authors are actively involved in the development of ADSs and transmutation-related technologies. The future of the back-end issues in Japan is very uncertain after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi NPP, and this book provides an opportunity for readers to consider the future direction of those issues

Description / Table of Contents: Does growth in North American oil supply herald a new era of abundance - or does turmoil in parts of the Middle East cloud the horizon? How much can energy efficiency close the competitiveness gap caused by differences in regional energy prices? What considerations should shape decision-making in countries using, pursuing or phasing out nuclear power? How close is the world to using up the available carbon budget, which cannot be exceeded if global warming is to be contained? How can sub-Saharan Africa's energy sector help to unlock a better life for its citizens? Answers to these questions and a host of others are to be found in the pages of World Energy Outlook 2014 (WEO-2014), released on 12 November in London. Bringing together the latest data and policy developments, the WEO-2014 presents up to date projections of energy trends for the first time through to 2040. Oil, natural gas, coal, renewables and energy efficiency are covered, along with updates on trends in energy-related CO2emissions, fossil-fuel and renewable energy subsidies, and universal access to modern energy services.

Description / Table of Contents: This information paper provides policy makers and managers, facing tough energy policy challenges, with a wider perspective of how the same issues are being addressed by different IEA member countries. The topics included are: Government structures for co-ordinating energy and climate policies The use of long-term energy forecasts and scenarios Progress in the delivery of key energy security policies

Description / Table of Contents: This paper examines what “sustainable development policies and measures” (SD-PAMs) could be, and how they could be implemented and could fit into a post-2012 climate regime. This paper assumes that the option to implement SD-PAMs instead of quantified GHG emission commitments post-2012 is an option that would be likely to be only open to non-Annex I countries. There are several key, but unanswered, questions related to SD-PAMs. These include policy-related issues such as which countries could take on commitments to implement SD-PAMs (rather than quantified emission commitments)? Why would particular countries decide to take on such commitments? They also include questions related to how SD-PAMs could be implemented. For many other options for possible post-2012 GHG mitigation actions, including by non-Annex I countries, have also been proposed. However, this paper focuses solely on SD-PAMs.

Description / Table of Contents: Today’s investment decisions in key sectors such as energy, forestry or transport have significant impacts on the levels of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions over the coming decades. Given the economic and environmental long-term implications of capital investment and retirement, a climate mitigation regime should aim to encourage capital investment in climate-friendly technologies. Many factors affect technology choice and the timing of investment, including investor expectations about future prices and policies. Recent international discussions have focused on the importance of providing more certainty about future climate policy stringency. The design of commitment periods can play a role in creating this environment. This paper assesses how the length of commitment periods influences policy uncertainty and investment decisions. In particular, the paper analyses the relationship between commitment period length and near term investment decisions in climate friendly technology.

Description / Table of Contents: The aim of this IEA Information Paper is to help policy makers and other stakeholders understand the challenges facing the incorporation of high efficiency combined heat and power (CHP) into greenhouse gas (GHG) Emissions Trading Schemes (ETSs) – and to propose options for overcoming them.

Description / Table of Contents: This paper assesses the policy questions as highlighted in the relevant COP/MOP 2 decision, particularly leaks (or seepage) and permanence for geological storage, project boundaries and liability issues, and leakage, as well as a few others raised by some Parties. Since any emissions or leaks during the separation, capture and transport phases would occur during the crediting period of the project (and would therefore be accounted for as project emissions), the paper focuses its analyses for leaks and liability on storage, as it is in this part of the CCS process that long-term leaks could occur.

Description / Table of Contents: The ideas expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily represent views of the OECD, the IEA, or their member countries, or the endorsement of any approach described herein.

Description / Table of Contents: CDM

Description / Table of Contents: This paper offers a preliminary analysis of several scenarios for integration of sectoral approaches in international and national climate policy. We consider four broad types of sectoral approaches: • A global action, i.e. a unilateral move by industry to foster GHG improvements • A global agreement between industry and Parties to the UNFCCC • A series of national policies targeting a sector, with some intergovernmental co-ordination • A sectoral crediting mechanism whereby reductions recorded at a sector level may be eligible for emission credits

Description / Table of Contents: A key issue for policy makers is how to choose a climate change policy that recognises the uncertainties in the costs and benefits of abatement actions. This paper reviews the economic literature relative to the choice of the economic instruments that could be used to mitigate climate change. Because climate change is driven by the slow build-up of atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, flexible instruments would be more economically efficient than fixed quotas. They may help engage a broader set of countries into a common framework for mitigating climate change, and may facilitate the adoption of relatively more ambitious policies. The certainty of achieving at least some precise levels of emissions would decrease, but the probability of bettering these levels would increase.

Description / Table of Contents: This study assesses the long-term economic and environmental effects of introducing price caps and price floors in hypothetical climate change mitigation architecture, which aims to reduce global energy-related CO2 emissions by 50% by 2050. Based on abatement costs in IPCC and IEA reports, this quantitative analysis confirms what qualitative analyses have already suggested: introducing price caps could significantly reduce economic uncertainty. This uncertainty stems primarily from unpredictable economic growth and energy prices, and ultimately unabated emission trends. In addition, the development of abatement technologies is uncertain. See also Assessing the value of price caps and floors, November 2009 This study assesses the long-term economic and environmental effects of introducing price caps and price floors in hypothetical climate change mitigation architecture, which aims to reduce global energy-related CO2 emissions by 50% by 2050. Based on abatement costs in IPCC and IEA reports, this quantitative analysis confirms what qualitative analyses have already suggested: introducing price caps could significantly reduce economic uncertainty. This uncertainty stems primarily from unpredictable economic growth and energy prices, and ultimately unabated emission trends. In addition, the development of abatement technologies is uncertain. With price caps, the expected costs could be reduced by about 50% and the uncertainty on economic costs could be one order of magnitude lower. Reducing economic uncertainties may spur the adoption of more ambitious policies by helping to alleviate policy makers’ concerns of economic risks. Meanwhile, price floors would reduce the level of emissions beyond the objective if the abatement costs ended up lower than forecasted. If caps and floors are commensurate with the ambition of the policy pursued and combined with slightly tightened emission objectives, climatic results could be on average similar to those achieved with “straight” objectives (i.e. with no cost-containment mechanism).

Description / Table of Contents: The IEA is undertaking a strategic inititive to improve global energy data and analysis by better incorporating energy sector methane emissions and recovery opportunities. The ultimate goal of this effort is to expand opportunities for cost-effective methane reductions from oil and natural gas facilities, landfills, and coal mines. Methane (CH4) is a hydrocarbon that is the primary component of natural gas. It is also a potent greenhouse gas(GHG), meaning that its presence in the atmosphere affects the earth’s temperature and climate system. As a result, efforts to reduce methane emissions by using methane for energy production can yield environmental, economic, and energy benefits.

Description / Table of Contents: The purpose of this report is to help EE practitioners, government officials and stakeholders to establish the most effective EE governance structures, given their specific country context. It also aims to provide readers with relevant and accessible information to support the development of comprehensive and effective governance mechanisms. The International Energy Agency (IEA) conducted a global review of many elements of EE governance,including legal frameworks, institutional frameworks, funding mechanisms, co-ordination mechanisms and accountability arrangements, such as evaluation and oversight. The research tools included a survey of over 500 EE experts in 110 countries, follow-up interviews of over 120 experts in 27 countries and extensive desk study and literature searches on good EE governance.

Description / Table of Contents: How much can technology contribute to securing adequate and affordable energy supplies and lower CO2 emissions? What energy technologies hold the most promise? How long will it take? At their 2005 summit in Gleneagles, G-8 leaders confronted these questions and decided to act with resolve and urgency. They called upon the International Energy Agency to provide advice on scenarios and strategies for a clean and secure energy future. Energy Technology Perspectives is a response to the G8 request. This innovative work demonstrates how energy technologies can make a difference in a series of global scenarios to 2050. It reviews in detail the status and prospects of key energy technologies in electricity generation, buildings, industry and transport. It assesses ways the world can enhance energy security and contain growth in CO2 emissions by using a portfolio of current and emerging technologies. Major strategic elements of a successful portfolio are energy efficiency, CO2 capture and storage, renewables and nuclear power. While technology does hold great promise for the future, we must act now if we are to unlock the potential of current and emerging technologies and reduce the impact of fossil fuel dependence on energy security and the environment. Energy Technology Perspectives provides detailed technology and policy insights to help policy makers craft sustainable solutions.

Description / Table of Contents: Since 2005, the OECD and IEA have been examining the possibility to expand international carbon markets by granting broader access to developing countries. This note summarises key elements in this area, drawing on earlier publications done under the aegis of the Annex I Expert Group on the UNFCCC (AIXG).

Description / Table of Contents: This paper explores the relationships between climate policy and renewable energy policy instruments. It shows that, even where CO2 emissions are duly priced, specific incentives for supporting the early deployment of renewable energy technologies are justified by the steep learning curves of nascent technologies. This early investment reduces costs in the longer term and makes renewable energy affordable when it needs to be deployed on a very large scale to fully contribute to climate change mitigation and energy security. The paper also reveals other noteworthy interaction effects of climate policy and renewable policy instruments on the wholesale electricity prices in deregulated markets, which open new areas for future research.

Description / Table of Contents: Industry accounts for one-third of global energy use and almost 40% of worldwide CO2 emissions. Achieving substantial emissions reduction in the future will require urgent action from industry. Industry accounts for one-third of global energy use and almost 40% of worldwide CO2 emissions. Achieving substantial emissions reduction in the future will require urgent action from industry. What are the likely future trends in energy use and CO2 emissions from industry? What impact could the application of best available technologies have on these trends? Which new technologies are needed if these sectors are to fully play their role in a more secure and sustainable energy future? Energy Technology Transitions for Industry addresses these questions through detailed sectoral and regional analyses, building on the insights of crucial IEA findings, such as Energy Technology Perspectives 2008: Scenarios and Strategies to 2050. It contains new indicators and methodologies as well as scenario results for the following sectors: iron and steel, cement, chemicals, pulp and paper and aluminium sectors. The report discusses the prospects for new low-carbon technologies and outlines potential technology transition paths for the most important industrial sectors. This publication is one of three new end-use studies, together with transport and buildings, which look at the role of technologies in transforming the way energy is used in these sectors.

Description / Table of Contents: This study assesses the long-term economic and environmental effects of introducing price caps and price floors in hypothetical climate change mitigation architecture, which aims to reduce global energy-related CO2 emissions by 50% by 2050. Based on abatement costs in IPCC and IEA reports, this quantitative analysis confirms what qualitative analyses have already suggested: introducing price caps could significantly reduce economic uncertainty. This uncertainty stems primarily from unpredictable economic growth and energy prices, and ultimately unabated emission trends. In addition, the development of abatement technologies is uncertain. With price caps, the expected costs could be reduced by about 50% and the uncertainty on economic costs could be one order of magnitude lower. Reducing economic uncertainties may spur the adoption of more ambitious policies by helping to alleviate policy makers’ concerns of economic risks. Meanwhile, price floors would reduce the level of emissions beyond the objective if the abatement costs ended up lower than forecasted. If caps and floors are commensurate with the ambition of the policy pursued and combined with slightly tightened emission objectives, climatic results could be on average similar to those achieved with “straight” objectives (i.e. with no cost-containment mechanism). This papers reviews current proposals in the UNFCCC negotiations for future mechanisms to report and record Parties’ GHG mitigation actions and commitments, as well as support provided for such actions. It explores the possible purposes, coverage and form of a reporting/recording mechanism post-2012 and highlights the decision points that are needed in order to establish such a mechanism. It examines what information such a mechanism could include in terms of actions, commitments and support, as well as the institutional implications of different design options.

Description / Table of Contents: This paper compares model estimates of national and sectoral GHG mitigation potential across six key OECD GHG-emitting economies: Australia, Canada, the EU, Japan, Mexico and the US. It examines the implications of model structure, baseline and policy assumptions, and assesses GHG mitigation potential estimates across a variety of models, including models that are used to inform climate policy-makers in each of these economies.

Description / Table of Contents: This book describes comprehensively carbon (C) cycle process in global ecosystems and the potential and co-benefits of recarbonization of the biosphere. An ever increasing human population is disposing increasing amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere by land use and land cover changes but most importantly by burning of fossil fuels. This process severely perturbs the natural global C cycles and Earth system processes. Recarbonization of the biosphere is a potential strategy to redistribute C among global pools, and to enhance ocean but most importantly land-based C sinks. Sustainably managed and protected must be, in particular, the large and sensitive C stocks in permafrost, wetlands, peatlands, tropical rainforests and savannas, grasslands, degraded/desertified lands, and croplands. Recarbonization requires long-term management because C stocks grow with a progressive improvement in ecosystem health. Protecting and enhancing land-based C sinks serves food security aside contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation.

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: concept of TAIGA --- Geochemical constraints on potential biomass sustained by subseafloor water-rock interactions --- Microbial cell densities, community structures, and growth in the hydrothermal plumes of subduction hydrothermal systems --- Systematics of distributions of various elements between ferromanganese oxides and seawater from natural observation, thermodynamics, and structures --- Evaluating hydrothermal system evolution using geochronological dating and biological diversity analyses --- Quantification of microbial communities in hydrothermal vent habitats of the Southern Mariana Trough and the Mid-Okinawa Trough --- Development of hydrothermal and frictional experimental systems to simulate sub-seafloor water–rock–microbe interactions --- Experimental hydrogen production in hydrothermal and fault systems: Significance for habitability of subseafloor H2 chemoautotroph microbial ecosystems --- Experimental assessment of microbial effects on chemical interaction between seafloor massive sulfides and seawater at 4℃ --- A compilation of the stable isotopic compositions of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur in soft body parts of animals collected from deep-sea hydrothermal vent and methane seep fields: variations in energy source and importance of subsurface microbial processes in the sediment-hosted systems --- Tectonic background of four hydrothermal fields along the Central Indian Ridge --- Indian Ocean hydrothermal systems: seafloor hydrothermal activities, physical and chemical characteristics of hydrothermal fluids, and vent-associated biological communities --- Petrology and geochemistry of mid-ocean ridge basalts from the southern Central Indian Ridge --- Petrology of peridotites and related gabbroic rocks around the Kairei-hydrothermal field in the Central Indian Ridge --- Distribution and Biogeochemical Properties of Hydrothermal Plumes in the Rodriguez Triple Junction --- Vent fauna in the Central Indian Ridge --- The mantle dynamics, the crustal formation, and the hydrothermal activity of the Southern Mariana Trough back-arc Basin --- Seismic structure and seismicity in the Southern Mariana Trough and their relation to hydrothermal activity --- Electrical resistivity structure of the Snail site at the Southern Mariana Trough spreading center --- Asymmetric seafloor spreading of the southern Mariana Trough back-arc basin --- Geochemical characteristics of active backarc basin volcanisms at the southern end of Mariana Trough --- Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of hydrothermal minerals collected from hydrothermal vent fields in the Southern Mariana spreading center --- Dating of hydrothermal mineralization in active hydrothermal fields in the Southern Mariana Trough --- Intra-field variation of prokaryotic communities on and below the seafloor in the back-arc hydrothermal system of the Southern Mariana Trough --- Vent fauna in the Mariana Trough --- Population history of a hydrothermal vent-endemic snail Alviniconcha hessleri in the Mariana Trough --- Hydrothermal activity in the Okinawa Trough backarc basin -geological background and hydrothermal mineralization- --- Active rifting structures in Iheya Graben and adjacent area of the mid-Okinawa Trough observed through seismic reflection surveys --- ESR dating of barite in sea-floor hydrothermal sulfide deposits in the Okinawa Trough --- Fluid geochemistry of high-temperature hydrothermal fields in the Okinawa Trough --- Sediment‒pore water system associated with native sulfur formation at Jade hydrothermal field in Okinawa Trough --- Comparative investigation of microbial communities associated with hydrothermal activities in the Okinawa Trough --- In situ determination of bacterial growth in mixing zone of hydrothermal vent field on the Hatoma Knoll, Southern Okinawa Trough --- Vent Fauna in the Okinawa Trough --- Brief report of side-scan sonar observations around the Yokoniwa NTO massif --- Examination of volcanic activity: AUV and submersible observations of fine-scale lava flow distributions along the Southern Mariana Trough spreading axis --- Brief report of side-scan sonar imagery observations of the Archaean, Pika, and Urashima hydrothermal sites --- The Yoron Hole: the shallowest hydrothermal site in the Okinawa Trough --- The Irabu Knoll: Hydrothermal site at the eastern edge of the Yaeyama Graben --- Tarama Knoll: Geochemical and biological profiles of hydrothermal activity --- Petrography and geochemistry of basement rocks drilled from Snail, Yamanaka, Archean, and Pika hydrothermal fields at the Southern Mariana Trough by Benthic Multi-coring System (BMS) --- Pore fluid chemistry beneath active hydrothermal fields in the mid-Okinawa Trough: Results of shallow drilling by BMS during TAIGA11 cruise --- The characteristics of the seafloor massive sulfide deposits at the Hakurei Site in the Izena Hole, the Middle Okinawa Trough --- Occurrence of hydrothermal alteration minerals at the Jade hydrothermal field, in the Izena Hole, mid-Okinawa Trough --- Geochemistry of hydrothermal fluids collected from active hydrothermal systems in the southern Mariana Trough backarc spreading center --- Gamma ray doses in water around sea floor hydrothermal area in South Mariana --- 226Ra-210Pb and 228Ra-228Th dating of barite in submarine hydrothermal sulfide deposits collected at Okinawa Trough and South Mariana Trough --- OSL dating of sea floor sediments at the Okinawa Trough --- Immediate change of radiation doses from hydrothermal deposits --- Periodic behavior of deep sea current in the Hatoma Knoll hydrothermal system --- The gelatinous macroplankton community at the Hatoma Knoll hydrothermal vent

Description / Table of Contents: As climate negotiators work towards a deal that would limit the increase in global temperatures, interest is growing in the essential role technology innovation can and must play in enabling the transition to a low-carbon energy system. Indeed, recent success stories clearly indicate that there is significant and untapped potential for accelerating innovation in clean technologies if proper policy frameworks are in place. In an especially timely analysis, the 2015 edition of Energy Technology Perspectives (ETP 2015) examines innovation in the energy technology sector and seeks to increase confidence in the feasibility of achieving short- and long-term climate change mitigation targets through effective research, development, demonstration and deployment (RDD&D). ETP 2015 identifies regulatory strategies and co-operative frameworks to advance innovation in areas like variable renewables, carbon capture and storage, and energy-intensive industrial sectors. The report also shows how emerging economies, and China in particular, can foster a low-carbon transition through innovation in energy technologies and policy. Finally, ETP 2015 features the IEA annual Tracking Clean Energy Progress report, which this year shows that efforts to decarbonise the global energy sector are lagging further behind. By setting out pathways to a sustainable energy future and by incorporating detailed and transparent quantitative modelling analysis and well-rounded commentary, ETP 2015 and its series of related publications are required reading for experts in the energy field, policy makers and heads of governments, as well as business leaders and investors.

Description / Table of Contents: The research presented here is primarily concerned with human-environment interactions on the tropical coast of northern Australia during the late Holocene. Based on the suggestion that significant change can occur within short time-frames as a direct result of interactive processes, the archaeological evidence from the Point Blane Peninsula, Blue Mud Bay, is used to address the issue of how much change and variability occurred in hunter-gatherer economic and social structures during the late Holocene in coastal northeastern Arnhem Land. The suggestion proposed here is that processes of environmental and climatic change resulted in changes in resource distribution and abundance, which in turn affected patterns of settlement and resource exploitation strategies, levels of mobility and, potentially, the size of foraging groups on the coast. The question of human behavioural variability over the last 3000 years in Blue Mud Bay has been addressed by examining issues of scale and resolution in archaeological interpretation, specifically the differential chronological and spatial patterning of shell midden and mound sites on the peninsula in conjunction with variability in molluscan resource exploitation. To this end, the biological and ecological characteristics of the dominant molluscan species is considered in detail, in combination with assessing the potential for human impact through predation. Investigating pre-contact coastal foraging behaviour via the archaeological record provides an opportunity for change to recognised in a number of ways. For example, a differential focus on resources, variations in group size and levels of mobility can all be identified. It has also been shown that human-environment interactions are non-linear or progressive, and that human behaviour during the late Holocene was both flexible and dynamic.

Description / Table of Contents: As we move from the era of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) it is important to consider how development agendas are set, the progress that has been made over the past 15 years, and how current debates are shaping global development efforts for the next 15. This book was, produced as part of a University College London-London International Development Centre research collaboration entitled, "Thinking Beyond Sectors for Sustainable Development". The aim of the book is to provide a concise introduction to the debates in a number of vital development sectors, review progress made in each sector, and to consider how looking beyond sectors might open new opportunities for inclusive, sustainable development. Each chapter in this book was produced collaboratively by academics from a wide number of disciplines. As such, it represents a truly interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral effort, of the kind that will be necessary for successful development and implementation of future international development goals.

Description / Table of Contents: This joint report by the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) is the eighth in a series of studies on electricity generating costs, presenting levilised cost of electricity projections for baseload and renewable generation plants commissioned in 2020, except where noted, in 22 countries. As policy makers work to ensure that the power supply is reliable, secure and affordable, while making it increasingly clean and sustainable in the context of the debate on climate change, it is becoming more crucial that they understand what determines the relative cost of electricity generation using fossil fuel, nuclear or renewable sources of energy. A wide range of fuels and technologies are presented in the report, including natural gas, coal, nuclear, hydro, solar, onshore and offshore wind, biomass and biogas, geothermal, and combined heat and power, drawing on a database from surveys of investment and operating costs that include a larger number of countries than previous editions. The analysis of more than 180 plants, based on data covering 22 countries, reveals several key trends, pointing, for example, to a significant decline in recent years in the cost of renewable generation. The report also reveals that nuclear energy costs remain in line with the cost of other baseload technologies, particularly in markets that value decarbonisation. Overall, cost drivers of the different generating technologies remain both market-specific and technology-specific. Readers will find a wealth of details and analysis, supported by over 200 figures and tables, underlining this report’s value as a tool for decision makers and researchers concerned with energy policies, climate change and the evolution of power sectors around the world.

Description / Table of Contents: Part I  - The Theory of Rewilding --- 1. Rewilding Abandoned Landscapes in Europe --- 2. European Wilderness in a Time of Farmland Abandonment --- 3. Ecosystem Services: the Opportunities of Rewilding in Europe --- Part II - Rewilding and Biodiversity --- 4. Bringing Large Mammals Back: Large Carnivores in Europe --- 5. Top Scavengers in a Wilder Europe --- 6. Rewilding: Pitfalls and Opportunities for Moths and Butterflies --- 7. Vegetation Restoration and Other Actions to Enhance Wildlife in European Agricultural Landscapes --- 8. Maintaining Disturbance-dependent Habitats.- Part III - Rewillding in Practice --- 9. Rewilding Europe: A New Strategy for an Old Continent --- 10. Preparing a New Generation of Wilderness Entrepreneurs --- 11. Towards a European Policy for Rewilding --- Index

Description / Table of Contents: This book presents an analysis of the results of studies of motor fuels ageing, conducted in laboratory and model conditions, in terms of building a system operating on-line, allowing continuous assessment of the operational usability of gasoline and diesel fuels, including those containing the addition of ethanol and FAME, respectively. This research was carried out in the framework of the project: "A system for the continuous control of the degree and rate of the liquid fuels ageing process during storage, which received co-funding from the European Regional Development Fund under the Operational Programme "Innovative Economy". The book presents an evaluation of the impact of fuel production processes on its stability and an analysis of changes in normative parameters of fuels during their storage and use. The book presents also the results of tests on the corrosive effects of fuels during storage processes.

Description / Table of Contents: This edited book, Toxicity and Hazard of Agrochemicals, is intended to provide an overview of toxicology that examines the hazardous effects of common agrochemicals employed every day in our agricultural practices. Furthermore, it is hoped that the information in the present book will be of value to those directly engaged in the handling and use of agrochemicals and that this book will continue to meet the expectations and needs of all interested in the different aspects of human and environmental risk toxicities.

Description / Table of Contents: ‌Cities drive economic growth but can also drive sustainable change. As the share of the world’s population living in cities rises, ambitious action in urban areas can be instrumental in achieving long‑term sustainability of the global energy system – including the carbon emission reductions required to meet the climate goals reached at COP21 in Paris. Support from national governments is a strategic prerequisite for leveraging the potential for sustainable energy technology and policy in cities that too often lies untapped. With global energy demand set to become even greater over the coming decades, Energy Technology Perspectives 2016 (ETP 2016) looks at the technology and policy opportunities available for accelerating the transition to sustainable urban energy systems. Such potential could be the key to successfully driving an energy transition that many still think impossible, provided that local and national actions can be aligned to meet the sustainability objectives at both levels. Indeed, policies still have a long way to go in this regard: ETP 2016 presents the annual IEA Tracking Clean Energy Progress report, which finds once again that despite some notable progress, the rate of needed improvements is far slower than required to meet energy sector sustainability goals. By setting out sustainable energy transition pathways that incorporate detailed and transparent quantitative analysis alongside well-rounded commentary, ETP 2016 and its series of related publications have become required reading not only for experts in the energy field, policy makers and heads of governments, but also for business leaders and investors.

Description / Table of Contents: "Risk Criticism: Reading in an Age of Manufactured Uncertainties" is a study of literary and cultural responses to global environmental risk that offers an environmental humanities approach to understanding risk in an age of unfolding ecological catastrophe. In 2015, the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists re-set its iconic Doomsday Clock to three minutes to midnight, as close to the apocalypse as it has been since 1953. What pushed its hands was, however, not just the threat of nuclear weapons, but also other global environmental risks that the Bulletin judged to have risen to the scale of the nuclear, including climate change and innovations in the life sciences. If we may once have believed that the end of days would come in a blaze of nuclear firestorm (or the chill of the subsequent nuclear winter), we now suspect that the apocalypse may be much slower, creeping in as chemical toxin, climate change, or bio- or nano- technologies run amok. Taking inspiration from the questions raised by the Bulletin’s synecdochical “nuclear”, "Risk Criticism" aims to generate a hybrid form of critical practice that brings “nuclear criticism”—a subfield of literary studies that has been, since the Cold War, largely neglected—into conversation with ecocriticism, the more recent approach to environmental texts in literary studies. Through readings of novels, films, theater, poetry, visual art, websites, news reports, and essays, "Risk Criticism" tracks the diverse ways in which environmental risks are understood and represented today.

Description / Table of Contents: This edited book, Emerging Pollutants in the Environment Current and Further Implications, includes overviews by significant researchers on the topic of emerging pollutants toxicology, which covers the hazardous effects of common emerging xenobiotics employed in our every day anthropogenic activities. We hope that this book will meet the expectations and needs of all those who are interested in the negative implications of several emerging pollutants on living species.

Description / Table of Contents: Water quality refers to the chemical, physical, biological, and radiological characteristics of water. It is a measure of the condition of water for the purposes intended for. It is most frequently used by reference to a set of standards against which compliance can be assessed. The most common standards used to assess water quality relate to health of ecosystems, safety of human contact and potable drinking water. A range of diverse topics in the field of water quality modelling, statistical evaluation and guidelines pertaining to the best management practices in different locations around the world is given herein. Modelling of water quality in rivers and lakes, statistical methods and membrane filter performance are subject matters of interest considering in-situ water, potable water, water re-use, etc.

Description / Table of Contents: Could oil prices stay lower for longer? What would it take for this to happen and what it would mean for energy security and for the energy transition? - India is set for a period of rapid, sustained growth in energy demand: how could this re-shape the energy scene? - What do new climate pledges mean for the way that the world meets its rising needs for energy?- What are the implications of the rising coverage of energy efficiency policies and the growing competitiveness of renewables? - Is the unconventional gas revolution going to go global, or to remain a North American phenomenon? These issues – and many more – are discussed here, with a special focus on India accompanying the customary, in-depth WEO analysis of the prospects for all fossil fuels, renewables, the power sector and energy efficiency around the world to 2040.

Description / Table of Contents: Drawing on the latest debates in ecocritical theory and sustainability studies, Literature as Cultural Ecology: Sustainable Texts outlines a new approach to the reading of literary texts. Hubert Zapf considers the ways in which literature operates as a form of cultural ecology, using language, imagination and critique to challenge and transform cultural narratives of humanity’s relationship to nature. In this way, the book demonstrates the important role that literature plays in creating a more sustainable way of life. Applying this approach to works by writers such as Emily Dickinson, Edgar Allen Poe, Herman Melville, William Faulkner, Toni Morrison, Zakes Mda, and Amitav Ghosh, Literature as Cultural Ecology is an essential contribution to the contemporary environmental humanities.

Description / Table of Contents: Katastrophen stellen eine Herausforderung für gesellschaftliches Handeln dar. Der Autor zeigt, auf welche Weise die politischen und wissenschaftlichen Strukturen des Deutschen Kaiserreiches dieser Herausforderung begegneten und sich im Sinne des Fortschrittsdenkens zu Nutze machten. Es wird deutlich, dass Naturkatastrophen wie das Jahrhunderthochwasser am Rhein für den jungen Nationalstaat nicht nur ein bedrohliches Risiko darstellten, sondern auch eine Chance für gesellschaftlichen Wandel. So stärkten sie das Zusammengehörigkeitsgefühl und lieferten einen Anlass für regionale Entwicklungshilfeprogramme sowie wissenschaftliche Forschung.

Description / Table of Contents: The Carbiocial Project investigates viable carbon-optimized land management strategies for maintaining tropical ecosystem services under land use change and changing climate conditions in Southern Amazonia – a hotspot of global change. The project aims at understanding the vital natural processes and socio-economic driving forces in the region and develops strategies to enhance and protect carbon stocks in the recently deforested agroscapes of Central/Northern Mato Grosso and South Pará. That is why Carbiocial analyzes and models soil, water and climate as well as agro-economics, social and political transformations. Based on detailed storylines, the project aims at identifying possible entry-points for a necessary change in local and regional production patterns, considering local livelihoods as well as the present national and global economic, legal and political situation. This book gives an overview of the first results of the multi-disciplinary Carbiocial Project by publishing the main presentations, held on the Carbiocial Status Conference, on October 7-8, 2013, in Cuiabá. In sixteen chapters the authors elucidate the project‘s current state of knowledge, illustrating adapted methods for regional modeling and promising strategies for the Amazon development. | Contents --- Stefan Hohnwald & Gerhard Gerold: Carbon-Optimized Land Management Research for the Southern Amazon-Geographical and Organizational Settings of the Carbiocial-Carbioma Project Consortium --- Philip M. Fearnside, Aurora M. Yanai & Claudia S. M. N. Vitel: Modeling Baselines for REDD Projects in Amazonia: Is the Carbon Real? --- Jens Boy, Charlotte Schumann, Simone Strey, Robert Strey, Georg Guggenberger & Regine Schönenberg: Digging Deeper – Biographic Interviews as a Promising Tool for the Joint Dissemination of Natural- and Social Science Results in REDD Contexts --- Carlos E. P. Cerri, Thalita F. Abbruzzini, Carolina B. Brandani, Mariana R. Durigan & Denise Signor: Soil Carbon Stocks and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agrosystems in Brazil --- Karl M. Wantzen, Malte Unger, Eduardo G. Couto, Ricardo S. S. Amorim, Karina P. Peña & Ulrich Irmler: Carbon Farming: Enriching Tropical Farm Soils with Organic Matter --- Alphonce C. Guzha, Ricardo S. S. Amorim, Rodolfo Nóbrega, Gabriele Lamparter, Kristof Kovacs, Norma Bertão & Gerhard Gerold: Impacts of Land Cover and Climate Change on Hydrology and Hydrochemistry in Selected Catchments in Southern Amazonia: Preliminary Analysis and Results --- Marcus Schindewolf, Daniela Schönke, Ricardo S. S. Amorim & Jürgen Schmidt: Effects of Contour Banks and No-Till Measures on Run-Off and Sediment Yield in Campo Verde Region, Mato Grosso --- Alessandra R. Gomes, César G. Diniz & Cláudio A. Almeida: Amazon Regional Center (INPE/CRA) Actions for Brazilian Amazon Forest: TerraClass and Capacity Building Projects --- Patrick Hostert, Tobia Lakes, Hannes Müller, Florian Gollnow & Letícia B. V. Hissa: Land-Use Monitoring and Change Detection --- Jürgen Böhner, Helge Dietrich, Klaus Fraedrich, Tobias Kawohl, Markus Kilian, Valerio Lucarini & Frank Lunkeit: Development and Implementation of a Hierarchical Model Chain for Modelling Regional Climate Variability and Climate Change Over Southern Amazonia --- Claas Nendel, Hermann Jungkunst & Adriano M. R. Figueiredo: Intercol and Steps Towards a Simplified DSS --- Neli A. de Mello-Théry & Paulo R. Cunha: Environmental Policies and Forest Code: Changes and Repercussions on the Agriculture in Mato Grosso --- Regine Schönenberg, Korbinian Hartberger & Charlotte Schumann: Challenges and Chances of Social Transformation for GHG-Optimized Land- and Natural Resource Management Strategies: Stakeholder-Dialogues as Prerequisite for the Elaboration of Applicable Results --- José H. Benatti & Luly R. da Cunha Fischer: Land Use Regulations in the State of Pará: An Introductory Approach of Its Guidelines --- Martin Coy, Michael Klingler, Matthias Siebold & Thomas Berger: Socio-Economic Regional Change and Agro-Economic Development Along the BR-163 --- Edna Castro: Deforestation Along the BR-163: Socio-Environmental Conflicts and Ignored Governmental Politics

Description / Table of Contents: Naturkatastrophen bedeuten nicht nur momenthafte Zerstörung, die nach erfolgtem Wiederaufbau wieder vergessen ist. Katastrophen haben häufig nachhaltige Auswirkungen auf Politik und Gesellschaft und damit auf die menschliche Geschichte. Sie führen mitunter zu Verordnungen, Institutionenbildung, Politikwechsel und gesellschaftlichem Umdenken, können aber auch Anlass zu Aufbruchstimmung und Fortschrittsoptimismus geben. Durch die aktuelle Diskussion zum globalen Klimawandel hat sich in der Öffentlichkeit ein stärkeres Bewusstsein für die gesellschaftliche Relevanz von Naturkatastrophen entwickelt. Welche Rolle extreme Ereignisse in der Geschichte gespielt haben und welche Strategien zu ihrer Bewältigung in verschiedenen Zeiten wirksam waren, bilden die zentralen Fragen des Sammelbandes. Die Autoren untersuchen neben klassischen Naturkatastrophen auch Seuchen und Schädlingskalamitäten in historischer Perspektive und widmen sich theoretischen Fragen zu deren Genese und Auswirkungen. Der vorliegende Band ist das Ergebnis eines Workshops, der von den Herausgebern im Rahmen des DFG-Graduiertenkollegs „Interdisziplinäre Umweltgeschichte“ unter dem Titel „Katastrophen machen Geschichte – Umweltgeschichtliche Prozesse im Spannungsfeld von Ressourcennutzung und Extremereignis“ am 6. und 7. Mai 2009 in Göttingen veranstaltet wurde.

Description / Table of Contents: 1 An Overview of Our Research --- 2 Monitoring Inspection for Radioactive Substances in Agricultural, Livestock, Forest, and Fishery Products in Fukushima Prefecture --- 3 Rice Inspections in Fukushima Prefecture --- 4 Cesium accumulation in paddy field rice grown in Fukushima from 2011 to 2013: cultivars and fertilization --- 5 Physiological verification of the effect of potassium supply on the reduction of radiocesium content in rice grain --- 6 Consecutive Field Trials of Rice Cultivation in Partially Decontaminated Paddy Fields to Reduce Radiocesium Absorption in the Iitate Village in Fukushima Prefecture --- 7 Effects of “clean feeding” management on livestock products contaminated with radioactive cesium due to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident --- 8 Adverse effects of radiocesium on the promotion of sustainable circular agriculture including livestock due to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident --- 9 Wild boars in Fukushima after the nuclear power plant accident: Distribution of radiocesium --- 10 Contamination of Wild Animals: Microhabitat Heterogeneity and Ecological Factors of Radioactive Cesium Exposure in Fukushima --- 11 Translocation of radiocesium in fruit trees --- 12 The effects of radioactive contamination on the forestry industry and commercial mushroom-log production in Fukushima, Japan --- 13 Radiocesium in timber of Japanese cedar, and Japanese red pine, in the forests of Minamisoma, Fukushima --- 14 Ecosystem monitoring of radiocesium redistribution dynamics in a forested catchment in Fukushima after the nuclear power plant accident in March 2011 --- 15 Reduction of air radiation dose by ponding paddy fields --- 16 Collaboration Structure for the Resurrection of Iitate Village, Fukushima: A Case Study of a Nonprofitable Organization --- 17 Impacts of the nuclear power plant accident and the start of trial operations in Fukushima fisheries --- 18 Consumer evaluation of foods from the disaster affected area: Change in 3 years --- 19 Imaging Techniques for Radiocesium in Soil and Plants

Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Preface --- Cooperators --- Part 1 Active Faults --- Part 2 Seismic Source Modeling and Seismic Motion --- Part 3 Probabilistic Risk Assessment with External Hazards --- Part 4 Nuclear Risk Governance in Society

Description / Table of Contents: Seit Jahren wird unser Alltag geprägt von zunehmender Automation und Vernetzung, die Digitalisierung genannt wird. Sensoren erfassen immer mehr unterschiedliche Daten und werden von intelligenten Algorithmen zunehmend präzisier analysiert. Dies führt nicht nur zu einem anderen Verhältnis im Umgang und bei der Nutzung von Daten durch Menschen und Maschinen, sondern wird auch dramatisch Aufgaben und Prozesse verändern. Die damit verbundenen Arbeitsanforderungen werden zum massiven Wandel von Berufsbildern führen, in dem einfache Tätigkeiten automatisiert und komplexe Tätigkeiten vereinfacht werden. Nicht nur das Arbeiten sondern auch das Lernen, Lehren und Forschen verändert sich durch die Digitalisierung. Die technischen Möglichkeiten wandeln die Lebenswelten mit ihren urbanen Versorgungs- und Infrastrukturen und eröffnen den Wirtschaftsräumen neue Geschäftsmodelle. Diese parallel einsetzenden Entwicklungen führen zu radikalen Umbrüchen, die in den kommenden Jahren sämtliche Aspekte der Gesellschaft verändern werden

Description / Table of Contents: "In Energy without Conscience" David McDermott Hughes investigates why climate change has yet to be seen as a moral issue. He examines the forces that render the use of fossil fuels ordinary and therefore exempt from ethical evaluation. Hughes centers his analysis on Trinidad and Tobago, which is the world's oldest petro-state, having drilled the first continuously producing oil well in 1866. Marrying historical research with interviews with Trinidadian petroleum scientists, policymakers, technicians, and managers, he draws parallels between Trinidad's eighteenth- and nineteenth-century slave labor energy economy and its contemporary oil industry. Hughes shows how both forms of energy rely upon a complicity that absolves producers and consumers from acknowledging the immoral nature of each. He passionately argues that like slavery, producing oil is a moral choice and that oil is at its most dangerous when it is accepted as an ordinary part of everyday life.

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Energy Challenges for ICT by Giorgos Fagas, John P. Gallagher, Luca Gammaitoni and Douglas J. Paul --- Chapter 2: Fundamentals on Energy in ICT by Luca Gammaitoni --- Chapter 3: Measuring Energy by Steve Kerrison, Markus Buschhoff, Jose Nunez-Yanez and Kerstin Eder --- Chapter 4: An Energy-Efficient Design Paradigm for a Memory Cell Based on Novel Nanoelectromechanical Switches by Azam Seyedi, Vasileios Karakostas, Stefan Cosemans, Adrian Cristal, Mario Nemirovsky and Osman Unsal --- Chapter 5: Energy-Aware Software Engineering by Kerstin Eder and John P. Gallagher --- Chapter 6: Energy-Aware High Performance Computing by Martin Wlotzka, Vincent Heuveline, Manuel F. Dolz, M. Reza Heidari, Thomas Ludwig, A. Cristiano I. Malossi and Enrique S. Quintana-Orti --- Chapter 7: Energy-Efficient Communication in Wireless Networks by David Boyle, Roman Kolcun and Eric Yeatman --- Chapter 8: Globally Optimised Energy-Efficient Data Centres by Dirk Pesch, Susan Rea, J. Ignacio Torrens, Vojtech Zavrel, J.L.M. Hensen, Diarmuid Grimes, Barry O'Sullivan, Thomas Scherer, Robert Birke, Lydia Chen, Ton Engbersen, Lara Lopez, Enric Pages, Deepak Mehta, Jacinta Townley and Vassilios Tsachouridis --- Chapter 9: Thermoelectrics, Photovoltaics and Thermal Photovoltaics for Powering ICT Devices and Systems by Lourdes Ferre Llin and Douglas J. Paul

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Raw Material Change in the Chemical Industry and the Role of Biomass / Friedrich Seitz --- 2. The Role of Startup Companies in the Conversion of Biomass to Renewable Fuels and Chemicals / Leo E. Manzer --- 3. Nutrient Cycling in the Bioeconomy: A Life Cycle Perspective / Robert Anex --- 4. Plant Growth: Basic Principles and Issues Relating to the Optimization of Biomass Production and Composition as a Feedstock for Energy / Mark Stitt --- 5. Biomass Chemistry / Michael Ladisch, Eduardo Ximenes, Youngmi Kim, Nathan S. Mosier --- 6. Chemical and Biological Deconstruction of Aqueous Phase Processing / Charles E. Wyman, Carol J. Wyman --- 7. Analytical Approaches in the Catalytic Transformation of Biomass: What Needs to be Analyzed and Why? / Dmitry Murzin, Bjarne Holmbom --- 8. Methods for Biomass Compositional Analysis / Amie Sluiter, Justin Sluiter, Edward J. Wolfrum --- 9. Reaction Engineering Concepts for the Catalytic Conversion of Biorenewable Molecules / Robert J. Davis --- 10. Catalytic Strategies and Chemistries Involved in the Conversion of Sugars to Liquid Transportation Fuels / Elif I. Gürbüz, James A. Dumesic --- 11. Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Conversion of Biorenewable Feedstocks / Brent H. Shanks --- 12. Tailor-Made Fuels and Chemicals from Biomass / Thorsten vom Stein, Jürgen Klankermayer, Walter Leitner --- 13. Solution-Based Deconstruction of (Ligno)-Cellulose / Roberto Rinaldi, Jennifer Reece

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Biotechnology Processes for Scalable, Selective Rare Earth Element Recovery by Lynne E. Macaskie, Sayo Moriyama, Iryna Mikheenko, Sarah Singh and Angela J. Murray --- Chapter 2: Hydrometallurgical Recovery Process of Rare Earth Elements from Waste: Main Application of Acid Leaching with Devised τ-T Diagram by Namil Um --- Chapter 3: Optimisation of Parameters for Spectroscopic Analysis of Rare Earth Elements in Sediment Samples by Martin Makombe, Charlton van der Horst, Bongiwe Silwana, Emmanuel Iwuoha and Vernon Somerset --- Chapter 4: Theoretical Spectroscopy of Rare-Earth Elements: Spectra and Autoionization Resonances by Andrey A. Svinarenko, Alexander V. Glushkov, Olga Yu. Khetselius, Valentin B. Ternovsky, Yuliya V. Dubrovskaya, Anna A. Kuznetsova and Vasily V. Buyadzhi --- Chapter 5: Thermodynamic Property Study on the Complexes of Rare- Earth Elements with Amino Aids by Zhi Cheng Tan, Quan Shi, Xue Chuan Lv and Bei Ping Liu --- Chapter 6: The Effects of Lanthanum Dopant on the Structural and Optical Properties of Ferroelectric Thin Films by Irzaman, Hendradi Hardhienata, Akhiruddin Maddu, Aminullah and Husin Alatas

Description / Table of Contents: The global energy system is moving closer to a historic transformation. This year's edition of the International Energy Agency (IEA)'s comprehensive publication on energy technology focuses on the opportunities and challenges of scaling and accelerating the deployment of clean energy technologies. This includes looking at more ambitious scenarios than the IEA has produced before. Improvements in technology continue to modify the outlook for the energy sector, driving changes in business models, energy demand and supply patterns as well as regulatory approaches. Energy security, air quality, climate change and economic competitiveness are increasingly being factored in by decision makers. Energy Technology Perspectives 2017 (ETP 2017) details these trends as well as the technological advances that will shape energy security and environmental sustainability for decades to come. For the first time, ETP 2017 looks at how far clean energy technologies could move the energy sector towards higher climate change ambitions if technological innovations were pushed to their maximum practical limits. The analysis shows that, while policy support would be needed beyond anything seen to date, such a push could result in greenhouse gas emission levels that are consistent with the mid-point of the target temperature range of the global Paris Agreement on climate change. The analysis also indicates that regardless of the pathway chosen for the energy sector transformation, policy action is needed to ensure that multiple economic, security and other benefits to the accelerated deployment of clean energy technologies are realised through a systematic and co-ordinated approach. ETP 2017 also features the annual IEA Tracking Clean Energy Progress 2017 report, which shows that the current progress in clean energy technology development and deployment remains sub-optimal. It highlights that progress has been substantial where policies have provided clear signals on the value of technology innovation. But many technology areas still suffer from a lack of financial and policy support.

Description / Table of Contents: ISDR-ICL Sendai Partnerships 2015-2025 --- The ISDR-ICL Sendai Partnerships 2015-2025: Background and Content --- Forum lectures --- Rupestrian world heritage sites: Instability investigation and sustainable mitigation --- Subaerial landslide-generated waves: Numerical and laboratory simulations --- Rockfall occurrence and fragmentation --- Contribution from signatory organizations of the Sendai Partnerships --- International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) --- International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) - The proposing organization of the ISDR-ICL Sendai partnerships 2015-2025 --- United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) --- UNISDR‘s Contribution to Science and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and the Role of the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) --- United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) --- UNESCO’s Contribution to the Implementation of UNISDR’s Global Initiative and ICL --- United Nations University (UNU) --- The United Nations University: Research and Policy Support for Environmental Risk Reduction --- World Meteorological Organization (WMO) --- Concerted International Efforts for Advancing Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems --- International Council for Science (ICSU) --- On Future Challenges for the Integration of Science into International Policy Development for Landslide Disaster Risk Reduction --- World Federation of Engineering Organizations (WFEO) --- World Federation of Engineering Organizations Activities in Disaster Risk Reduction --- Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University --- National Civil Protection Department, Italian Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Government of Italy --- Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk: Challenges and Opportunities for Italian Civil Protection --- Landslide Dynamics: ISDR-ICL Landslide Interactive Teaching Tools (LITT) --- Progress of the World Report on Landslides --- International Programme on Landslides (IPL): Objectives, History and List of World Centres of Excellence and IPL Projects --- UNESCO-KU-ICL UNITWIN Cooperation Programme for Landslides and Water-Related Disaster Risk Management. Landslides: Journal of the International Consortium on Landslides --- IPL Activities --- Advanced Technologies for Landslides (WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-196, IPL-198) --- Mechanisms of Landslides and Creep in Over-Consolidated Clays and Flysch (WCoE 2014-2017 --- Research on Heavy-Rainfall-Induced and Hydraulic-Driven Geological Hazards in China (WCoE 2014-2017). Landslide Risk Reduction in Croatia: Scientific research in the framework of the WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-173, IPL-184, ICL ABN --- Shapes and Mechanisms of Large-scale Landslides in Japan: Forecasting Analysis from an Inventory (WCoE 2014–2017 --- Retrospective and Prospects for Cold Regions Landslide Research (2012-2016) (WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-132, IPL-167, IPL-203, CRLN --- Large-scale Rockslide Inventories: from the Kokomeren River Basin to the Entire Central Asia Region (WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-106-2) --- Interventions for Promoting Knowledge, Innovations and Landslide Risk Management Practices within South and Southeast Asia (WCoE 2014-2017) --- Promoting a Global Standard for Community-based Landslide Early Warning Systems (WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-158, IPL-165) --- Model Policy Frameworks, Standards and Guidelines on Landslide Disaster Reduction (WCoE 2014-2017) --- Landslide Hazard and Risk Management (WCoE 2014-2017) --- Mitigation of Landslide Hazards in Ukraine under the Guidance of ICL: 2009–2016 (IPL-153, IPL-191) --- Development of a Hazard Evaluation Technique for Earthquake-Induced Landslides Based on an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) (IPL-154) --- The Croatian-Japanese SATREPS Joint Research Project on Landslides (IPL-161)

Description / Table of Contents: Table of contents: --- David Ambrosetti, Jean-Renaud Boisserie et Thomas Guindeuil: Introduction --- David Ambrosetti: African States, Climate Change and the COP21. Interview with Dr. Wilfran Moufouma-Okia --- Jean-Renaud Boisserie: Environmental Changes and Their Impacts on Life: A Paleontological Approach --- Pierre Sepulchre: Links between Solid Earth, Climate Changes, and Biodiversity through Time: Insights from the Cenozoic --- Deresse Ayenachew: Environmental Descriptions of European Travelers in Ethiopia (16th-19th c.) --- Julia Blocher: Water always Flows Downhill: A Case for Participatory Forest Management (PFM) and Decentralization of Forest Governance in REDD+ Implementation --- Mehdi Labzaé: Investment in the National Park? Encounters between Land Investment and Wildlife Conservation in Gambella Regional State --- Thomas Guindeuil: University Museums and the Promotion of Conservation Policies on the Pre-Revolutionary Campus of Addis Ababa (1950-1974) --- Maxi Domke, Jürgen Pretzsch: Knowledge Management on Climate Change Adaptation. Analysis of Information Exchange Processes and Collaboration Networks in Rural Ethiopia --- Margaux Herman: Women and Climatic Changes in Ethiopia: A Gendered Assessment --- Joachim Gregor Persoon: Indigenous Cosmological Paradigms for Popularizing Ecological Ethics in the Ethiopian Context

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Energy Recovery from the LNG Regasification Process by Roberto Bruno, Piero Bevilacqua and Natale Arcuri --- Chapter 2: Concepts for Regasification of LNG in Industrial Parks by Tatiana Morosuk, Stefanie Tesch and George Tsatsaronis --- Chapter 3: Improvement of Hydraulic Fracture Conductivity Using Nanoparticles by Reza Barati and Charles Chempakathinal Bose --- Chapter 4: Experiment and Evaluation of Natural Gas Hydration in a Spraying Reactor by Wenfeng Hao --- Chapter 5: Gas Well Testing by Freddy Humberto Escobar --- Chapter 6: Catalytic Natural Gas Utilization on Unconventional Oil Upgrading by Peng He and Hua Song --- Chapter 7: Compressed Natural Gas Direct Injection: Comparison Between Homogeneous and Stratified Combustion by Shahrir Abdullah, Wan Mohd Faizal Wan Mahmood, Saad Aljamali and Azhari Shamsudeen --- Chapter 8: Biomass as an Alternative for Gas Production by Liliana Pampillón-González and José Ramón Laines Canepa --- Chapter 9: Shale Gas in Poland by Jadwiga A. Jarzyna, Maria Bała, Paulina I. Krakowska, Edyta Puskarczyk, Anna Strzępowicz, Kamila Wawrzyniak-Guz, Dariusz Więcław and Jerzy Ziętek --- Chapter 10: An Overview of Principles and Designs of Hydraulic Fracturing Experiments and an Inquiry into the Influence of Rock Permeability and Strength on Failure Mode by Kenneth Imo-Imo Eshiet and Yong Sheng

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Introductory Chapter: Review of Current Research Trends in the Field of Power Plants by Aleksandar B. Nikolic and Zarko S. Janda --- Chapter 2: Key Technical Performance Indicators for Power Plants by Simona Vasilica Oprea and Adela Bâra --- Chapter 3: Predictive Maintenance Based on Control Charts Applied at Thermoelectric Power Plant by Emilija Kisić, Željko Đurović and Vera Petrović --- Chapter 4: Model Development for Analysis of Steam Power Plant Reliability by Bernard Tonderayi Mangara --- Chapter 5: Risk Assessment of NPP Safety in Case of Emergency Situations on Technology by Juraj Králik --- Chapter 6: Analysis of the Spatial Separation Effects of Thorium/Uranium Fuels in Block-Type HTRs by Ming Ding and Jie Huang --- Chapter 7: Spatial Aspects of Environmental Impact of Power Plants by Boško Josimović and Saša Milijić --- Chapter 8: Scalable, Self-Contained Sodium Metal Production Plant for a Hydrogen Fuel Clean Energy Cycle by Alvin G. Stern

Description / Table of Contents: Klima der Region und Einfluss auf Ökosysteme --- Einleitung und Zusammenfassung / Hans von Storch, Insa Meinke, Martin Claußen / Pages 1-11 --- Klima der Region – Zustand, bisherige Entwicklung und mögliche Änderungen bis 2100 / Insa Meinke, Diana Rechid, Birger Tinz, Moritz Maneke, Christiana Lefebvre, Elke Isokeit / Pages 15-36 --- Stadtklima in Hamburg / K. Heinke Schlünzen, Wolfgang Riecke, Benjamin Bechtel, Marita Boettcher, Saskia Buchholz, David Grawe et al. / Pages 37-53 --- Deutsche Bucht mit Tideelbe und Lübecker Bucht / Birgit Klein, Rita Seiffert, Ulf Gräwe, Holger Klein, Peter Loewe, Jens Möller et al. / Pages 55-87 --- Aquatische Ökosysteme: Nordsee, Wattenmeer, Elbeästuar und Ostsee / Justus van Beusekom, Ralf Thiel, Ivo Bobsien, Maarten Boersma, Christian Buschbaum, Andreas Dänhardt et al. / Pages 89-107 --- Terrestrische und semiterrestrische Ökosysteme / Udo Schickhoff, Annette Eschenbach / Pages 109-145 --- Auswirkungen des Klimawandels in der Region --- Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Fischerei / Michael Köhl, Christian Möllmann, Jörg Fromm, Gerd Kraus, Volker Mues / Pages 149-172 --- Gesundheit / Jobst Augustin, Rolf Horstmann, Timo Homeier-Bachmann, Kai Jensen, Jörg Knieling, Anne Caroline Krefis et al. / Pages 173-192 --- Infrastrukturen (Energie- und Wasserversorgung) / Markus Groth, Julia Rose / Pages 193-208 --- Migration / Michael Brzoska, Jürgen Oßenbrügge, Christiane Fröhlich, Jürgen Scheffran / Pages 209-224 --- Hafen Hamburg, Schifffahrt und Verkehr / Birgit Weiher / Pages 225-240 --- Regionaler Klimawandel und Gesellschaft --- Klimawandel in den Medien / Michael Brüggemann, Irene Neverla, Imke Hoppe, Stefanie Walter / Pages 243-254 --- Wahrnehmung des Klimawandels in der Metropolregion Hamburg / Beate M. W. Ratter / Pages 255-264 --- Lokale Klima-Governance im Mehrebenensystem: formale und informelle Regelungsformen / Anita Engels, Martin Wickel, Jörg Knieling, Nancy Kretschmann, Kerstin Walz / Pages 265-282 --- Technischer Klimaschutz / Detlef Schulz, Thomas Weiß / Pages 283-291 --- Klimawandel, Nachhaltigkeit und Transformationsgestaltung / Harald Heinrichs / Pages 293-302

Description / Table of Contents: Biopolymers, as natural polysaccharides, are considered benign polymers for what concerns the environment. This is not a new invention, but at best a renaissance: the first type of polymers used by human kind were animal hides, cellulose, silk, wool. Among benefits of natural occurring biopolymers there are potential biocompatibility, renewable resources, low processing costs, tailoring of structure by genetic manipulation, and, as said, environmentally compatibility. Limits are, sometimes, premature degradation and high production costs due to the very high purity required for medical uses. Polysaccharides are not drugs by themselves, but their use in pharmaceutical field, for example as drug carriers or antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory or anticoagulant agents, is increasingly promising. Marine polysaccharides include chitin, chitosan, alginate, agar and carrageenans. Chitosan is a cationic carbohydrate biopolymer derived from chitin, the second most abundant polysaccharides present in nature after cellulose. The main sources of chitin are the shell wastes of shrimps, lobsters and crabs. For its characteristics, chitosan founds particular application as non viral vector in gene delivery. Films from chitosan are very tough and long lasting. Alginates derive from seaweed extraction (pheophyceae), and are mainly used in drug delivery and as hydrogels for immobilizing cells and enzymes, due to the mild conditions of cross-linking through bivalent cations (Ca2+). Agar (or agar-agar) and carrageenans are linear polysaccharides from red seaweeds. They are highly reactive chemically and are peculiar for thermoreversible gel formation. Exopolysaccharides (EPS), substantial components of the extracellular matrix of many cells of marine origin, also have to be mentioned for their potential interest in pharmaceuticals, and new EPS producing bacteria, particularly from extreme marine environments, are being isolated. The possibility of chemical modification, blending and addition of biodegradable additives allows to tailor the final properties of polysaccharides and opens the doors to wider applications, particularly in pharmaceutical area. This issue is intended to explore any new potentiality of marine polysaccharides, as those above mentioned, deriving from chemical or chemical-physical modifications, and the scaling-up of their pharmaceutical applications.

Description / Table of Contents: The study of vibrations and the control of vibrations has been a fundamental cornerstone of engineering. Problems related to vibrations are ubiquitous, from the study of fatigue of airplane wings in turbulent flow to the suppression of vibrations in subsea structures. The breadth of vibration engineering is matched by the depth of field. Numerous methods have been used to understand vibrations, and a wide range of devices have been developed to control vibrations. Many vibration control problems can be considered as a problem of energy dissipation and vibration damping. The problem encompasses multiple interdependent aspects of research and engineering, including the development of models, implementation of algorithms, and design of devices based on data. Discoveries made in one aspect can lead to breakthroughs in other aspects. Thus, the scope and aims of this Special Issue are to receive and accumulate new knowledge about vibration control, especially for topics related to energy dissipation methods for vibration damping. Desired topics include but are not limited to vibration modeling, algorithms for active vibration control, passive damping methods, vibration damping devices, new materials for energy dissipation, etc.

Description / Table of Contents: Climate change and globalisation are opening up the Arctic for exploitation by the world – or so we are told. But what about the views, interests, and needs of the peoples who live in the region? What about the myriad of other factors affecting the Arctic and its peoples? This book explores opportunities and limitations in engaging with the Arctic under change, and the Arctic peoples experiencing the change, through the lens of understanding Arcticness: what the Arctic means to Arctic peoples socially and physically. The chapters bring together a variety of disciplines, such as law, politics, geography and the arts, to examine what Arctic peoples could learn from and teach elsewhere, across disciplines and across locations. The authors reflect on philosophies of change in tandem with philosophies of the Arctic, particularly as represented by everyday experiences, memories and geographical imaginations.

Description / Table of Contents: PART I – Sustainable Energy for All (SE4A) --- 1. Energy and Sustainable Development --- 2. Distributed Renewable Energies --- 3. Sustainable Product-Service System --- 4. Sustainable Product-Service System applied to Distributed Renewable Energies --- PART II – Design for Sustainable Energy for All --- 5. Design for Sustainability --- 6. Human-Centred Design and Universal Design --- 7. System Design for Sustainable Energy for All (SD4SEA) --- PART III – Method for System Design for Sustainable Energy --- 8. Method for SD4SEA

Description / Table of Contents: From Challenges to Sustainable Solutions for Upland Agriculture in Southeast Asia --- Beyond the Horizons - Challenges and Prospects for Soil Science and Soil Care in Southeast Asia --- Water and Matter Flows in Mountainous Watersheds of Southeast Asia: Processes and Implications for Management --- Agricultural Pesticide Use in Mountainous Areas of Thailand and Vietnam: Towards Reducing Exposure and Rationalizing Use --- Linkages between Agriculture, Poverty and Natural Resource Use in Mountainous Regions of Southeast Asia --- Mango and Longan Production in Northern Thailand: the Role of Water Saving Irrigation and Water Stress Monitoring --- Soil Conservation on Sloping Land: Technical Options and Adoption Constraints --- Improved Sustainable Aquaculture Systems for Small-scale Farmers in Northern Vietnam --- Participatory Approaches to Research and Development in the Southeast Asian Uplands: Potential and Challenges --- Integrated Modeling of Agricultural Systems in Mountainous Areas --- Rethinking Knowledge Provision for the Marginalized: Rural Networks and Novel Extension Approaches in Vietnam --- Policies for Sustainable Development: The Commercialization of Smallholder Agriculture

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Supershear Earthquake Ruptures --- Theory, Methods, Laboratory Experiments and Fault Superhighways: An Update.- 2. Civil Protection Achievements and Critical Issues in Seismology and Earthquake Engineering Research.- 3. Earthquake Risk Assessment: Certitudes, Fallacies, Uncertainties and the Quest for Soundness.- 4. Variability and Uncertainty in Empirical Ground-Motion Prediction for Probabilistic Hazard and Risk Analyses.- 5. Seismic Code Developments for Steel and Composite Structures.- 6. Seismic Analyses and Design of  Foundation Soil Structure Interaction.- 7. Performance-based Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges.- 8. An Algorithm to Justify the Design of Single Story Precast Structures.- 9. Developments in Seismic Design of Tall Buildings: Preliminary Design of Coupled Core Wall Systems --- 10. Seismic Response of  Underground Lifeline Systems.- 11. Seismic Performance of Historical Masonry Structures Through Pushover and Nonlinear Dynamic Analyses.- 12. Developments in Ground Motion Predictive Models and Accelerometric Data Archiving in the Broader European Region --- 13. Towards the “Ultimate Earthquake-proof” Building: Development of an Integrated Low-damage System.- 14. Archive of Historical Earthquake Data for the European-Mediterranean Area --- 15. A Review and Some New Issues on the Theory of  the H/V Technique for Ambient Vibrations.- 16. Macroseismic Intervention Group: The Necessary Field Observation.- 17. Bridging the Gap Between Nonlinear Seismology as Reality and Earthquake Engineering --- 18. The Influence of Earthquake Magnitude on Hazard Related to Induced Seismicity.- 19. On the Origin of Mega-thrust Earthquakes.  

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Problem of Residue Management due to Rice Wheat Crop Rotation in Punjab --- Chapter 2: The Extent and Management of Crop Stubble --- Chapter 3: Valuation of the Health Impact --- Chapter 4: Alternative Uses of Crop Stubble --- Chapter 5: Environment Legislation in India as a Whole and in the State of Punjab --- Chapter 6: Policies for Restricting the Agriculture Residue Burning in Punjab --- Chapter 7: Concluding Remarks and Policy Implications --- References --- Annexure

Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Context and Objective --- Introduction: A Critical Appraisal of Major Water Engineering Projects and the Need for Interdisciplinary Approaches --- Water Ethics – Orientation for Water Conflicts as Part of Inter- and Transdisciplinary Deliberation --- Part II: Major Water Engineering Projects – Challenges, Problems, Opportunities.- Major Water Engineering Projects: Definitions, Framework Conditions, Systemic Effects --- A Global View on Future Major Water Engineering Projects --- Neglected Values of Major Water Engineering Projects: Ecosystem Services, Social Impacts and Economic Valuation --- Water Governance: A Systemic Approach --- Research in two Case Studies: Irrigation and Land Use in the Fergana Valley and Water Management in the Lower Jordan Valley --- Part III: The Fergana Valley – Uzbekistan’s Hydro-Agricultural System between Inertia and Change --- Between Multiple Transformations and Systemic Path Dependencies --- From Upscaling to Rescaling – Transforming the Fergana from Tsarist Irrigation to Water Management for an Independent Uzbekistan --- Irrigation Infrastructure in Fergana Today: Ecological Implications –Economic Necessities --- Where Water Meets Agriculture: The Ambivalent Role of the Water Users Associations --- Theory, the Market and the State: Agricultural Reforms in Post Socialist Uzbekistan between Economic Incentives and Institutional Obstacles --- Part IV: The Lower Jordan Valley – The Red Sea-Dead Sea Conveyance Project and its Complex History --- Water Resources, Cooperation and Power Asymmetries in the Water Management of the Lower Jordan Valley – The Situation Today and the Path that has led there --- Reclaiming the Dead Sea: Alternatives for Action --- Jordan’s Shadow State and Water Management: Prospects for Water Security will depend on Politics and Regional Cooperation --- Technologies, Incentives and Cost Recovery: Is there an Israeli Role Model? --- Part V: Outlook and Options for Action --- Lessons Learnt, Open Research Questions and Recommendations

Description / Table of Contents: Section I: Introduction – migration, gender and social justice: the research and policy agendas --- Section II: Transformation of social reproduction systems and migration: local-global interactions --- Section III: The state and female internal migration: Rights and livelihood security --- Section IV: Complexity of gender: embodiment and intersectionality --- Section V: Liminal legality, citizenship and migrant rights mobilization --- Section VI: Conclusion – the complexities of migration research-policy interactions --- Annex A - Portfolio of Migration Projects, 2006-2009 (21 May 2009) --- Women’s Rights and Citizenship Program --- Annex B - Profile of the Editors

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Selection of Plants that Demonstrated Nitrate Removal Characteristics --- Inspection and Maintenance Guidelines

Description / Table of Contents: Air quality in Europe: today and tomorrow --- A framework for Integrated Assessment Modelling --- Current European AQ planning at regional and local scale --- Strengths and weaknesses of the current EU situation --- Two illustrative examples: Brussels and Porto --- Conclusions: A way forward

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Part I Potted Review of Economic Theory: The Complex Evolving System --- 1. A Potted Review --- Part II Early Days: From Personal Awareness to Group Commitment --- 2. A personal story of awareness and perception --- 2.1 My first awareness breakthrough --- 2.2 Layers of awareness --- 2.3 My second burst of awareness --- 2.4 Defining a new society for myself --- 2.5 Key human values --- 2.6 Inside = outside --- 2.7 To be and to do --- 2.7 Welfare or wellbeing? --- 2.8 Business transformation --- 2.9 Leadership versus management --- 2.10 STIR Foundation - City of Tomorrow --- 2.11 Sustainocracy --- 2.12 City of Tomorrow --- 2.13 The Amsterdam internet congress --- 2.14 Key elements that define “sustainocratic” AiREAS --- 2.15 AiREAS --- 2.16 Commitment first --- 2.17 Territorial focus --- 2.18 Local AiREAS Eindhoven --- 2.19 First things first --- 2.20 Making visible the invisible --- 2.21 From idea to project --- 2.22 Conclusion about the coming about of AiREAS --- 2.23 Link with ethics and economies --- Part III “The Invisible made Visible”: science and technology --- An introduction by Marco van Lochem --- 3.1 The ILM --- 3.2. Variables measured --- 3.3.3. Instrumentation --- 3.3.1 The Airbox --- 3.3.2 PM (PM10, PM2.5, PM1) sensor --- 3.3.3 UFP sensor --- 3.3.4 Ozone sensor --- 3.3.5 NO2 sensor --- 3.3.6 Temperature sensor and relative humidity sensor --- 3.3.7 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) --- 3.3.8 Experiences and recommendations --- 4 Data quality --- 4.1 Regular calibration and preventative maintenance --- 4.2 Experiences and recommendations --- 5 Locations and spatial sampling --- 5.1 Experiences and recommendations --- 6 Data management --- 6.1 The Airbox --- 6.2 Axians (1) --- 6.3 ECN --- 6.4 Axians (2) --- 6.5 Experiences and recommendations --- 7 Results --- 7.1 Initial tests of sensors --- 7.2 Evaluation of sensor precision --- 8 Scientific projects based on the ILM --- Part IV Experiences after 5 years of AiREAS and 1 year of ILM --- 9. The way things work at AiREAS --- 9.1 The workflow in AiREAS --- 9.2 Financial routine in AiREAS --- 9.3 Confidence based interaction --- 9.4 October 2013 general AiREAS participants meeting --- 9.5 Interpreting the ILM data --- 9.6 The transition --- 9.7 Communication --- 9.8 Benchmarking and referencing our practical ideologies --- 9.9 The royalty system --- 9.10 Some of the transformative issues --- 9.11 Conclusion. Index.

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Foreword --- Chapter 1: Persuasive communication, by Jean-Paul Close, Jaap Ham --- Chapter 2: the AiREAS Proof of Principle - POP Relating air quality to health and lifestyle, by Jean-Paul Close, Nicolette Meeder, John Schmeitz --- Chapter 3: The backpack project, by Jean-Paul Close, Nicolette Meeder --- Chapter 4: New entrepreneurship, by John Schmeitz, Jean-Paul Close --- Chapter 5: Event linked communication, by Jean-Paul Close, Eric de Groot, Pierre Cluitmans --- Chapter 6: Multicultural context, by Jean-Paul Close, Rüstem Demir --- Chapter 7: Level 4 Sustainocratic regional development, by Jean-Paul Close

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- General reflections --- The Price of Everything and the Value of Nothing: sustainability ‘after the crisis’ --- Impacts of global trade flows --- Stocks and flows in the performance economy --- The Embeddedness of carbon in UK Lifestyles --- Ethics of Industrial Ecology --- Complexity and prediction --- Urban metabolism --- Industrial Symbiosis --- Industrial Ecology and the Solidarity Economy --- Industrial Ecology in Developing Countries --- Material Flow Analysis and Waste Management --- Social sciences in Industrial Ecology --- Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment --- Prospective Models of Society’s Future Metabolism --- Planetary boundaries and sustainable business --- Working with policymakers --- Portugal’s national waste plan --- The Industrial Ecology of the automobile

Description / Table of Contents: 1. The overview of our research (Tomoko M. Nakanishi) --- 2. Behavior of radiocesium adsorbed by the leaves and stems of wheat plant during the first year after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident (K. Tanoi) --- 3. Radiocesium Absorption by Rice in Paddy Field Ecosystems (K. Nemoto and J. Abe) --- 4. Cesium uptake in rice: possible transporter, distribution and variation (T. Fujiwara) --- 5. Time-course Analysis of Radiocesium Uptake and Translocation in Rice by Radioisotope Imaging (N. I. Kobayashi) --- 6. Vertical migration of Radiocesium fallout in soil in Fukushima (S. Shiozawa) --- 7. Radioactive Nuclides in Vegetables and Soil Resulting from Low-Level Radioactive Fallout after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident: Case Studies in Tokyo and Fukushima (S. Oshita) --- 8. Radioactivity in agricultural products in Fukushima (N. Nihei) --- 9. Changes in the transfer of fallout radiocesium from pasture harvested in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, to cow milk two months after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident (N. Manabe, T. Takahashi, J.-Y. Li, K. Tanoi, and T. M. Nakanishi) --- 10. Radiocesium contamination of marine fish muscle and its effective elimination (S. Watabe, H. Ushio, D. Ikeda) --- 11. Excretion of cesium through potassium transport pathway in the gills of a marine teleosts (T. Kaneko, F. Furukawa and S. Watanabe) --- 12. Contamination of wild animals: Effects on wildlife on high radioactivity areas of the agricultural and forest landscape (K. Ishida) --- 13. Remediation of paddy soil contaminated by radiocesium in Iitate Village in Fukushima Prefecture (M. Mizoguchi) --- 14. Distribution of radiocesium from the radioactive fallout in fruit trees (D. Takata) --- 15. Mushrooms¬: Radioactive Contamination of Widespread Mushrooms in Japan (T. Yamada) --- 16. Diffusion and transportation dynamics of 137Cs deposited on the forested area in Fukushima after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in March 2011 (N. Ohte, M. Murakami, T. Suzuki, K. Iseda, K. Tanoi, and N. Ishii) --- 17. Developing an information package of radiation risk in beef after Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident (H. Hosono)

Description / Table of Contents: Long-term Climate Change: Climatic Change during the Holocene (Past 12,000 Years) --- The Historical Timeframe (Past 1000 Years) --- Recent Climate Change (Past 200 years): Recent Change – Atmosphere --- Recent Change – River Runoff --- Recent Change – Terrestrial Cryosphere --- Recent Change – Marine Circulation and Stratification --- Recent Change – Sea Ice --- Recent Change – Sea Level and Wind Waves --- Future Climate Change: Projected Change – Models and Methodology --- Projected Change – Atmosphere --- Projected Change – Hydrology --- Projected Change – Marine Physics --- Projected Change – Sea Level --- Environmental Impacts of Climate Change: Environmental Impacts – Atmospheric Chemistry --- Environmental Impacts – Coastal Ecosystems, Birds and Forests --- Environmental Impacts – Freshwater Biogeochemistry --- Environmental Impacts – Marine Biogeochemistry --- Environmental Impacts – Marine Ecosystems --- Environmental Impacts – Coastal Erosion and Changing Coastlines --- Socio-Economic Impacts of Climate Change: Socio-Economic Impacts – Forestry and Agriculture --- Socio-Economic Impacts – Urban Settlements --- Drivers of Regional Climate Change: Evidence of Warming --- Regional Change Drivers – Aerosols --- Regional Change Drivers – Land Cover