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  • 1
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-387-6
    In: International project on paleolimnology and late cenozoic climate
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: 171 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-387-7
    In: International project on paleolimnology and late cenozoic climate
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: 179 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 3
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Geneva
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: PIK N 454-02-0107
    In: WMO
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 413 p.
    Ausgabe: 2. ed.
    ISBN: 9230027456
    Serie: WMO / World Meteorological Organization 385
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 4
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley
    Signatur: PIK N 076-01-0123
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 419 p.
    ISBN: 0471937231
    Serie: SCOPE 51
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 5
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Pr.
    Signatur: M 92.1187 ; 8/M 92.0422 ; PIK N 456-93-0165
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: xviii, 294 S. : Abb.
    ISBN: 0521378893
    Klassifikation:
    B.2.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 6
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Philadelphia : Soc. for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: M 93.0935 ; PIK Q 200-00-0157
    In: CBMS-NSF regional conference series in applied mathematics
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: XIX, 357 S. : graph. Darst.
    Ausgabe: [2nd print.]
    ISBN: 0898712742
    Serie: CBMS-NSF regional conference series in applied mathematics 61
    Klassifikation:
    C.1.8.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 7
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Washington : American Geophysical Union
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: 5/M 94.0008 ; AWI G6-94-0048
    In: Geophysical monograph
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: xiii, 374 S.
    ISBN: 0875900372
    Serie: Geophysical monograph 78
    Klassifikation:
    Geochemie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 8
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Dordrecht [u.a.] : Kluwer
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: M 94.0062 ; AWI A6-00-0193
    In: Environmental fluid mechanics
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Table of Contents: Author's preface. - Introduction. - PART 1: GENERAL CONCEPTS. - Chapter 1. Equations of geophysical fluid dynamics. - Chapter 2. Small oscillations. - Chapter 3. Hydrodynamic instability. - PART 2: PROSCESSES. - Chapter 4. Surface waves. - Chapter 5. Internal waves. - Chapter 6. Geophysical turbulence. - Chapter 7. Rossby waves. - PART 3: GLOBAL PROBLEMS. - Chapter 8. General circulation of the atmosphere. - Chapter 9. Theory of climate. - Chapter 10. Fluid dynamics of planetary interiors. - Selected references. - Index
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: xii, 399 S.
    ISBN: 0792304268
    Serie: Environmental fluid mechanics 6
    Originaltitel: Teoretičeskie osnovy geofizičeskoj gidrodinamiki
    Klassifikation:
    Geodynamik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Bracknell : ECMWF
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-750-71 ; MOP Per 409(71)
    In: Technical report
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: 60 S.
    Serie: Technical report / European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts 71
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
    Standort: MOP - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
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  • 10
    Signatur: 12/M 94.0344 ; AWI A3-94-0158
    In: NATO ASI Series
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: VIII, 467 S.
    ISBN: 3540545905
    Serie: NATO ASI series : I, Global and environmental change 5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 11
    Signatur: MOP Per 581 ; MOP Per 581(1/8) ; ZSP-319/A-1(Sonderheft) ; ZSP-319/A-1(Sonderheft, 2. Ex.)
    In: Geodätische und geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen : Reihe 1, Heft 8, Sonderheft 1
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: 107 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Ausgabe: Sonderheft des NKSCAR der DDR
    Serie: Geodätische und geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen : Reihe 1 8
    Sprache: Deutsch , Englisch
    Anmerkung: Inhalt: I. Zoologische Untersuchungen im Gebiet der sowjetischen Antarktisstation "Bellinghausen" / R. BANNASCH und K. ODENING. - II. Deuterium- und 18O-Variationen in Seen der Schirmacher-Oase (Ostantarktika) / W. RICHTER und G. STRAUCH. - III. Stable isotope investigations in Antarctica / H. SCHÜTZE, G. STRAUCH, K. WETZEL. - IV. The influence of degradation processes on the isotopic composition of Antarctic precipitation / R. DER. - V. Sommerliche Eisvariationen in der Olaf-Prydz-Bucht / H. GERNANDT. - VI. Zur Geologie des nördlichen Teils des Neptune Range / Pensacola-Gebirges (Antarktika) / W. WEBER und L. V. FEDOROV. - VII. Beobachtungen am Krill (Euphausia superba DANA) im atlantischen Sektor der Antarktis in der Sommersaison 1978 und 1979 / S. HOLZLÖHNER. - VIII. Forschungsreise eines Zubringertrawlers in die Antarktis / G. GUBSCH und U. HOFFMANN.
    Standort: MOP - Bitte bestellen
    Standort: MOP - Bitte bestellen
    Standort: AWI Archiv
    Standort: AWI Archiv
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 12
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Princeton : Princeton Univ. Pr.
    Signatur: 10/M 92.1066 ; M 93.0029 ; PIK N 454-94-0391
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: xii, 582 S.
    ISBN: 0691083487
    Serie: Princeton series in geochemistry
    Klassifikation:
    Geochemie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 13
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
    Signatur: M 92.1109 ; M 92.0616 ; PIK M 490-94-0376
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: XXVIII, 396 S.
    ISBN: 0444889078
    Klassifikation:
    A.2.1.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 14
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Reading, Mass. [u.a.] : Addison-Wesley Publ. Co.
    Signatur: PIK M 034-94-0141
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: xxxiii, 516 S.
    Ausgabe: 1st print.
    ISBN: 0201632748
    Klassifikation:
    C.2.4.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 15
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Reading [u.a.] : Addison-Wesley Publishing Comp.
    Signatur: PIK M 034-94-0142
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: ix, 388 S.
    ISBN: 0201632764
    Klassifikation:
    C.2.4.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 16
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Oxford : Pergamon Press [u.a.]
    Signatur: M 93.0855 ; PIK N 453-94-0234
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 238 S.
    Ausgabe: [1st ed., reprinted ... (with correction)]
    ISBN: 0080363695
    Klassifikation:
    Ozeanographie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Berlin [u.a.] : Springer
    Signatur: 4/M 93.1083 ; AWI G1-99-0182
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 274 S.
    ISBN: 3540564624
    Originaltitel: How to build a habitable planet?
    Klassifikation:
    A.0.3.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 18
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    San Diego [u.a.] : Acad. Press
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: PIK N 531-11-0198
    In: International geophysics series
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: 1. Solar radiation and its transformations ; 2. Methods for determining the components of heat balance ; 3. Heat balance of the globe ; 4. Polar ice and climate ; 5. Climatic change ; 6. Climatic factors of geographical zonality ; 7. The thermal regime of living organisms ; 8. Climatic factors of photosynthesis ; 9. Change of successive faunas ; 10. Man and climate
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: XVII, 508 S. : graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 0121394506
    Serie: International geophysics series 18
    Originaltitel: Klimat i zizn
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 19
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    New York [u.a.] : Wiley & Sons
    Signatur: M 94.0154 ; M 94.0597 ; AWI G1-92-0462
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: xiv, 570 S.
    Ausgabe: 2nd ed.
    ISBN: 0471531316
    Klassifikation:
    A.2.1.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 20
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Berlin [u.a.] : Springer
    Signatur: PIK N 075-95-0010 ; M 94.0407 ; PIK N 075-94-0259
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: XXI, 580 S.
    Ausgabe: 2nd ed.
    ISBN: 3540578587
    Klassifikation:
    Geodätische Messverfahren
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 21
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Redwood City, Calif. [u.a.] : Addison-Wesley
    Signatur: M 94.0266 ; PIK M 034-96-0124
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: XXII, 961 S.
    Ausgabe: 2nd ed.
    ISBN: 0201515075 , 0-201-51502-4
    Klassifikation:
    Geodätische Theorie und Modellierung
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 22
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Oxford [u.a.] : Pergamon Press
    Signatur: M 92.0445 ; PIK L 031-92-0631
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: xii, 476 S. : Abb.
    Ausgabe: 2nd ed.
    ISBN: 0080372341
    Klassifikation:
    Bezugssysteme, Netze
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 23
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Prentice-Hall
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: PIK M 039-92-0688/a
    In: Internetworking with TCP/IP
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Ausgabe: 2nd ed
    ISBN: 0134743210
    Klassifikation:
    C.2.7.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 24
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    New York : Wiley-Interscience
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: 19/M 92.1225/3 ; PIK M 102-93-0277
    In: Handbook of applicable mathematics
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: XVII, 565 S.
    Ausgabe: Reprinted April 1992
    ISBN: 0471279471
    Klassifikation:
    C.1.1.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
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  • 25
    Signatur: A2 16 ; PIK N 456-92-0590 ; AWI Atl-92-0349
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 153 S. : überw. Kt.
    ISBN: 9637395245 , 3-437-30685-x
    Klassifikation:
    Historische Geologie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 26
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Berlin [u.a.] : Springer
    Signatur: M 92.0308 ; AWI G1-96-0008
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: XIX, 955 S. : 393 Fig.
    ISBN: 3540527842
    Klassifikation:
    Petrologie / Petrographie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 27
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Berlin [u.a.] : Springer
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: 16/M 93.0892 ; AWI A14-95-0084
    In: Springer series in optical sciences
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: XIII, 634 S.
    Ausgabe: 3rd completely rev. and updated ed.
    ISBN: 3540537562
    Serie: Springer series in optical sciences 1
    Klassifikation:
    C.3.5.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 28
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Press
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: M 94.0013 ; PIK Q 200-00-0142
    In: Cambridge studies in advanced mathematics
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: XV, 223 S.
    ISBN: 0521420008
    Serie: Cambridge studies in advanced mathematics 37
    Klassifikation:
    C.1.6.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
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  • 29
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Washington, D.C. : Mineralogical Society of America
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: 11/M 02.0109 ; AWI G4-98-0317 ; M 94.0169
    In: Reviews in mineralogy
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Volume 13 of Reviews in Mineralogy presented much of our present-day knowledge of micas. At the time of that volume (1984), I mentioned that there was too much material available to attempt to cover all of the hydrous phyllosilicates in one volume. The micas were treated first because of their abundance in nature and the fact that more detailed studies had been carried out on them than on the rest of the phyllosilicates. The serpentines, kaolins, smectites, chlorites, etc. would have to wait their turn. Now, four years later, that tum has come. Hence the peculiar nature of the title of this volume. We know less about the rest of the phyllosilicates than we do about the micas, primarily because many of them are of finer grain sizes and lower crystallinities than most of the micas. As a result, we have been unable to determine as much detail regarding their structures, crystal chemistries, and origins. Nevertheless, there is a considerable body of literature about them, and this volume will attempt to collate and evaluate that literature. One compensating factor that has helped greatly in the accumulation of knowledge about these minerals is that some of them occur in large deposits that are of great economic value and thus stimulate interest. For this reason considerable emphasis in this volume will be related to the occurrence, origin, and petrology of the minerals. S. W. Bailey, Madison, Wisconsin, USA September 1,1988 The authors of this volume presented a short course by the same title to about 120 participants in Denver, Colorado, October 29-30,1988, just prior to the 100th anniversary meeting of the Geological Society of America. S. W. ("Bull") Bailey convened the course and edited this volume, his second for Reviews in Mineralogy. Because he is retiring at the end of this academic year after 38 years' teaching at the University of Wisconsin (Madison), his colleagues, friends and I (a diligent student of "Bull" thirty years ago) agreed that it would be appropriate to dedicate this volume to him, odd though it seems to have him editing a book honoring himself. He had no advance knowledge of this dedication.
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: xiii, 725 S.
    Ausgabe: 2nd printing
    ISBN: 0-939950-23-5 , 978-0-939950-23-2
    ISSN: 1529-6466
    Serie: Reviews in mineralogy 19
    Klassifikation:
    Mineralogie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Chapter 1. Introduction by S. W. Bailey, p. 1 - 8 Chapter 2. Polytypism of 1:1 Layer Silicates by S. W. Bailey, p. 9 - 28 Chapter 3. Kaolin Minerals: Structures and Stabilities by S. W. Bailey, p. 29 - 66 Chapter 4. Kaolin Minerals: Their Genesis and Occurrences by Haydn H. Murray, p. 67 - 90 Chapter 5. Serpentine Minerals: Structures and Petrology by Frederick J. Wick & D. S. O'Hanley, p. 91 - 168 Chapter 6. Structures and Compositions of Other Trioctahedral 1:1 Phyllosilicates by S.W. Bailey, p. 169 - 188 Chapter 7. Isotopic Studies of Phyllosilicates by Samuel M. Savin and M. Lee, p. 189 - 224 Chapter 8. Talc, Pyrophyllite, and Related Minerals by Bernard W. Evans and Stephen J. Guggenheim, p. 225 - 294 Chapter 9. Stability, Phase Relations, and Thermodynamic Properties of Chlorite and Serpentine Group Minerals by Joseph V. Chernosky, Jr., Rob G. Berman and L. Taras Bryndzia, p. 295 - 346 Chapter 10. Chlorites: Structures and Crystal Chemistry by S.W. Bailey, p. 347 - 404 Chapter 11. Chlorites: Metamorphic Petrology by Jo Laird, p. 405 - 454 Chapter 12. Vermiculite by C. de la Calle and Helene Suquet, p. 455 - 496 Chapter 13. Smectites by N. Güven, p. 497 - 560 Chapter 14. Vector Representation of Phyllosilicate Compositions by Donald M. Burt, p. 561 - 600 Chapter 15. Mixed Layer Chlorite Minerals by Robert C. Reynolds, Jr., p. 601 - 630 Chapter 16. Sepiolite and Palygorskite by Blair F. Jones and Emilio Galan Huertos, p. 631 - 674 Chapter 17. Crystal Chemistry, Classification, and Identification of Modulated Layer Silicates by Stephen J. Guggenheim and Richard A. Eggleton, p. 675 - 725
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
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  • 30
    Signatur: 12/M 94.0342 ; AWI G7-93-0214
    In: NATO ASI Series
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: VIII, 353 S.
    ISBN: 3540545859
    Serie: NATO ASI series : I, Global and environmental change 3
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Standort: Lesesaal
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  • 31
    Signatur: 12/M 94.0348 ; AWI A12-95-0130
    In: NATO ASI Series
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: IX, 561 S.
    ISBN: 3540545840
    Serie: NATO ASI series : I, Global and environmental change 13
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Standort: Lesesaal
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  • 32
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Moskva : Izd. "Russkij jazyk"
    Signatur: AWI S5-06-0625
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 575 S.
    ISBN: 5200018439
    Sprache: Russisch , Englisch
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  • 33
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    WMO Secretariat
    Signatur: PIK N 456-92-0498 ; MOP 47767 / Mitte
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 31 Seiten
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Standort: MOP - Bitte bestellen
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  • 34
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, N.H. : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-297
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Glenn Creek watershed. - Location. - Topography. - Geology, soils and permafrost. - Climate. - Vegetation. - Data collection. - Precipitation. - Stream flow. - Air temperature and relative humidity. - Water temperature. - Evaporation. - Snow surveys. - Depth of thaw. - Dissolved solids. - Hydrology. - Introduction. - General channel description. - Hydraulic geometry. - Characteristics of hydrographs. - Sources of streamflow. - Attempts at flow separation. - Hydrograph modeling. - Summary and conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Summary of permafrost probe observations, Glenn Creek watershed.. - Appendix B: Water-holding and-transmitting properties of moss. - Appendix C: Summary of hydraulic geometry data from 1964 discharge measurements. - Appendix D: Summary of data used in computing recession constants.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The results of a four-summer (1964-1967) hydrologic study of the watershed of Glenn Creek, about 8 miles north of Fairbanks, Alaska, in the Yukon-Tanana uplands physiographic province, are presented. This work was initiated to provide initial baseline hydrologic data for a small subar ctic watershed, the first of its kind in North America. Standard hydrologic and meteorologic instrumentation was used, and streamflow characteristics were analyzed by standard hydrograph-analysis techniques. The stream is second-order, and drains an area of 0.70 square mile. Basin elevations are from 842 ft to 1618 ft. In regard to topography, geology, soils, permafrost, vegetation, and climate, the watershed seems to be representative of low-order, low-elevation drainage basins in the province. Analysis of rainfall-runoff data indicates that about half the 12.3-in. normal annual precipitation is runoff. The remainder is the actual evapotranspiration , which equals only about 30% of estimated potential evapotranspiration. For individual storms, runoff/rainfall proportions were from 0.03 to 0.42 and were positively correlated with antecedent discharge of the stream, which is a measure of watershed wetness. The stream responds rapidly to rainstorms except when the basin is very dry, and has markedly slow recessions compared with temperate region streams of similar size. Rate of recessions is apparentlv controlled by concurrent evapotranspiration rates. Analysis of hydrographs and knowledge of the physical characteristics of the basin indicate that storm runoff occurs initially as surface runoff from bare soil areas adjacent to the stream, while recessions are dominated by a combination of tunnel flow beneath moss-covered parts of the basins and typical groundwater flow through the moss and soils. Peak discharges for individual storms could be well estimated by an equation including antecedent discharge, total precipitation and storm duration, and average recession constant. These results represent the first detailed hydrologic data from the discontinuous permafrost zone of the North American taiga and should be of significance to the International Hydrological Decade and International Biological Program.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: vi, 111 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 297
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 35
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-310
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Field sites and procedures. - Results. - Discussion. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Tabulation of AIDJEX core data. - Appendix B: Tabulation of average salinity/ice thickness data. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The salinity distribution in multiyear sea ice is dependent on the ice topography and cannot be adequately represented by a single average profile. The cores collected from areas beneath surface hummocks generally showed a systematic increase in salinity with depth from 0 0/00 at tne surface to about 4 0/00 at the base. The cores collected from areas beneath surface depressions were much more saline and displayed large salinity fluctuations. Salinity observations from sea ice of varying thicknesses and ages collected at various arctic and subarctic locations revealed a strong correlation between the average salinity of the ice, S, and the ice thickness, h. For salinity samples collected from cold sea ice at the end of the growth season, this relationship can be represented by two linear equations: S = 14.24 - 19.39h (h? 0.4 m) ; S = 7.88 - 1.59h (h 〉 0.4 m) . It is suggested that the pronounced break in slope at 0.4 m is due to a change in the dominant brine drainage mechanism from brine expulsion to gravity drainage. A linear regression for the data collected during the melt season gives S = 1.58 + 0.18h. An annual cyclic variation of the mean salinity probably exists for multiyear sea ice. The mean salinity should reach a maximum at the end of the growth season and a minimum at the end of the melt season.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 23 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 310
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 36
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-290
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Experimental procedure. - Results and discussion. - Derivation of unfrozen water contents from these results. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Low temperature differential thermal analyses of selected clay-water systems were made to locate important phase change temperatures and to define fruitful temperature-pressure fields for precise calorimetric investigation. In addition to an exotherm corresponding to initial freezing, one, two or three exotherms were observed between -35°C and -60°C. The low temperature exotherms do not depend critically upon water content, but clearly they are related to clay mineral and exchangeable cation type. The evolution of heat in this temperature range probably corresponds to a phase change in the interfacial water.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 17 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 290
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 37
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-282
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Analytical procedures. - Measurement of crystal size. - Measurement of crystalorientation. - Results and discussion. - Byrd Station crystal structure and fabrics. - Little America V crystal structure and fabrics. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Radical differences in the crystal structure and fabrics of glacier ice cores at Byrd Station and Little America V, Antarctica, are attributed to gross differences in the thermal and deformational histories of the ice at these two locations. At Byrd Station the mean size of crystals increased more than sixfold between 65 m and the bottom of the drill hole at 309 m. Crystal size was also found to increase linearly with the age of the ice, thus simulating isothermal grain growth in metals. However, this growth was not accompanied by any dimensional orientation of crystals or entrapped bubbles, or by any significant increase in the degree of preferred orientation of crystallographic c-axes. These observations imply that negligible shearing is occurring in the top 300 m of the thick grounded ice sheet at Byrd Station. By contrast very considerable deformation is indicated for the floating 258-m-thick Ross Ice Shelf at Little America. This deformation is characterized by the widespread occurrence of "strained" crystals below 65 m, the existence of elongated oriented bubbles between 95 m and 130 m and the attainment of pronounced crystal orientation (multiple-maxima fabrics) by 100-m depth. Exaggerated growth of crystals below 150 m is attributed to increasing temperatures in the ice shelf. The crystal structure of these cores clearly demonstrates that glacial ice only is present in the Ross Ice Shelf at Little America V.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 21 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 282
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 38
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-202-243
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command, 243
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The internal friction of single-crystal ice has been attributed to reorientation of the water molecule under periodic stress. However, the theory for damped dislocations, which offers another mechanism for the internal friction of ice, has not been investigated. The effects of scratching the surface of 41 ice samples and X-irradiating and plastically deforming them were evaluated. The effects observed on the internal friction of pure, single-crystal ice, in the flexure mode of oscillation between 400 and 1400 Hz, supported the existence of a dislocation-controlled mechanism, with the drag produced by the interaction of the dislocation with the protons in the crystal. In addition, analysis of the detailed shape of the data curve showed two peaks of tan delta as a function of temperature. The second peak, which had not been previously reported, had an activation energy of 0.16 eV and a relaxation time of 1.7 x 10^8 sec at infinite temperature. These experiments indicated that both peaks vrere controlled by the dislocation mechanism described above.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iv, 41 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 243
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Previous work. - Previous theory. - Internal friction of a crystal. - Granato-Lücke theory of dislocation damping. - Double kink mechanism. - Mechanisms not involving dislocations. - Experimental work. - Experimental approach. - Experimental apparatus. - Mode of oscillation. - Automated system. - Support, acoustic isolation, and temperature control. - Sample preparation. - X-ray apparatus. - Data analysis. - Stage I. - Stage II. - Stage III. - Experimental results and discussion. - The second peak. - Interpretation of scratching, X-irradiation, and plastic deformation. - Scratching. - X-irradiation. - Plastic deformation. - Supporting research. - Interpretation of the two peaks. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Computer programs. - Abstract.
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  • 39
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : CRREL
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-202-296
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A theory is developed to describe the percolation of water through isothermal snow with a vertical porosity gradient. While the necessary laboratory experiments have not been done for snow, concepts from the general theory of two phase flow through porous media are used in the development. The general solution for the one-dimensional problem is given, which, when combined with any periodic boundary condition, can be used to make quantitative predictions. The theory is applied to water percolation through firn on the upper Seward Glacier (Sharp, 1951a). Using appropriate values for the parameters, theory shows a wave of volume flux which travels down into the firn and develops features similar to those observed by Sharp. These include an initially symmetric wave which distorts with depth, continuous (rather than intermittent) downward flow beneath the surface, and a decreasing value for the wave crest with depth. The rate at which the waves propagate is calculated using the method of characteristics and is in fair agreement with the observed rate where the permeability of the bulk firn with ice layers is reduced by a factor of two over homogeneous snow samples studied in the laboratory (Kuroiwa, 1963). The theory predicts that the waves advance with a shock front which grows with depth. The shock front is thought to be only an approximation to the actual physical process
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Symbols. - Introduction. - Theory. - Darcy's Law. - Functional permeability. - Equations. - Characteristics. - Seward Glacier firn. - Discussion. - Summary. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iv, 17 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 296
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 40
    Signatur: ZSP-292-288
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Preface. - List of symbols. - Introduction. - Adsorption of volatile chemicals by soil. - Introduction. - Experimental procedure. - Results and discussion. - Diffusion of volatile chemicals in soil. - Introduction. - Experimental procedure. - Calculations. - Results and discussion. - Prediction of vapor diffusion in soil. - Introduction. - Construction of model. - Computations. - Results and discussion. - A statistical method for analysis of diffusion through soil. - Introduction. - Theory. - Application. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Detection of mines, explosives, and tunnels may be accomplished by sensing associated volatile effluvia. This investigation was undertaken to provide a basis for predicting the diffusion of volatile compounds from underground sources into the atmosphere. Diffusion of a volatile compound was studied for a range of soil conditions utilizing soils from the mine detection sites in Puerto Rico. A new mathematical analysis based on the Monte Carlo method was developed for predicting vapor diffusion through soil into the atmosphere. It was determined that diffusion in soil can be reliably predicted if soil porosity, moisture content, and affinity for the compound are known. Appearance in the atmosphere is also dependent on accumulation of the compound in air at the soil/atmosphere interface. Diffusion of volatile compounds through soil into the atmosphere is not likely to be an important factor in tunnel detection due to depth of overburden. However, adsorption of compounds at tunnel walls is likely to significantly reduce the amount of vapor appearing in the atmosphere through entrances and vents. Detection in the atmosphere of TNT vapor from mines and explosives buried in moist, porous soil should be possible under ideal sample collection conditions.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: v, 43 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 288
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 41
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-202-244
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Summer temperature data. - Station network and history. - Parameters for data reduction. - Analysis of summer temperatures. - Temperature trends. - Summer temperatures in the highlands. - Lapse rates for summer temperatures. - Spatial variation of summer temperatures. - Summary. - Literature cited. - Appendix A. - Appendix B. - Appendix C. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Annual degree-day summations over bases of 43°F and 50°F in 15-day periods from May through August are given for the period of record for five interior Alaska climatic stations. Average temperature and precipitation data are included. Patterns of summer temperature in interior Alaska are analyzed in terms of historical, elevational and areal differences. Since 1900, summer temperatures show little long-term change but significant short-term changes. In contrast, winter temperatures show considerable fluctuations, which are reflected in mean annual temperatures to a much greater degree than are summer temperature fluctuations. Average summer lapse rates for the 1600 to 3300 and 3300 to 6600-ft levels were 3.4 and 3.7°F/1000 ft, respectively, based on timberline temperature observations and on upper air data from Fairbanks. Correlation analysis of daily and monthly average July temperatures indicates areas of uniformity with respect to temperature variation. This provides information on lowland climatic stations that are representative of highland locations, especially the Yukon-Tanana Uplands
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iv, 37 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 244
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Archiv
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  • 42
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-387-8
    In: International project on paleolimnology and late cenozoic climate
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: 128 S.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 43
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-202-309
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Symbols. - Introduction. - Physical setting. - Flow model. - Calculated flow. - Existing profile. - Proposed profiles. - Profile 1. - Profile 2. - Profile 3. - Profile 4. - Profile 5. - Profile 6. - Profile 7. - Total excavation. - Interpretation and conclusions. - Sources of error. - Recommendations. - Literature cited. - Appendix A. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The Marcona Corporation and Kryolitselskabet ?resund, A/S (a Danish corporation) are cooperatively investigating the possibility of developing an open-pit mine along the edge of the Greenland Ice Cap. The response of the glacier to a sudden change in surface slope and thickness is calculated. The existing flow is diverted away from the mineral deposit but will increase when the excavation begins. It is calculated that 66 million cubic meters of ice must be removed in order to establish a stable profile beyond the pit. An additional 7.9 million cubic meters of ice must be removed yearly in order to maintain the profile.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: v, 25 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 309
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 44
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-202-306
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - 1. Coastal stations. - Alaska. - Canada. - Greenland. - Europe and Russia. - II. The interior Arctic Ocean. - Zone 1. - Zone 2.. - Zone 3. - Zone 4. - Zone 5. - Zone 6.. - Summary and discussion. - Supplemental data. - Literature cited. - Appendix A. Winds. - Appendix B. Arctic surface winds. - Appendix C. Excerpt from Cold Regions Science and Engineering, USA CRREL Monograph I-A3b. - Appendix D. Excerpt from Proceedings of the Arctic Basin Symposium October 1962. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Prevailing monthly and seasonal surface wind directions were obtained from 1) weather records for 21 coastal stations around the Arctic Ocean and 2) a series of U.S. Navy wind charts for 15 to 20 locations in the arctic marginal seas and the ocean's interior. This information was combined and analyzed to develop 2 charts which depict the surface flow of air in these areas during the mid-summer and mid-winter months. Since the ice floe stations used in the offshore wind analysis are not permanently located, the Arctic Ocean was selectively divided into 6 zones. Three of these zones separate Polar regions north of 84°N latitude, and 3 other zones each separate the seas bordering the north coasts of Europe, Siberian Russia and North America. Except for a few stations where wind directions are apparently controlled by local influences the results showed the following mid-winter patterns: 1) a near anticlockwise flow within the circle north of 75°N, 2) winds from the north in and near the Chukchi and Bering Seas, 3) northeast winds along the Alaskan coast and northwest along the Canadian Archipelago Islands, and 4) southwest and southeast winds along the northern coasts of Europe and Asia respectively. Although the wind directions during mid-summer become more variable the study showed that the prevailing surface winds for most areas in this season are nearly opposite those observed in winter.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 55 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 306
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 45
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-318
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Drilling and field observations. - Interpretation. - Implications for the feasibility study. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Two holes were drilled through the Greenland ice sheet during 1973 and temperature measurements were made in one hole drilled during 1972. These measurements show that the area of liquid water beneath the ice cap extends to ice depths as shallow as 100 m. The consequences of removing the frozen margin of glacial ice could be serious and more temperature measurements are needed to exactly locate the subglacial water. Petrographic studies of a few ice cores revealed a strongly oriented crystal fabric and an appreciable surface accumulation of superimposed ice.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 15 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 318
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 46
    Signatur: AWI G2-15-0023
    In: Coastal and estuarine studies, 40
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: XV, 647 S. : Ill., zahlr. graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 0875902545
    Serie: Coastal and estuarine studies 40
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Contents: Acknowledgement. - Contributors List. - PART I. INTRODUCTION. - Introduction / D. Prandle. - PART II. BAROCLINIC DYNAMICS. - The influence of coastally trapped waves on the circulation in Jervis Bay, New South Wales / P. D. Craig and P. E. Holloway. - Tidal mixing near the sill of a Scottish sea loch / A. J. Elliott, P. A. Gillibrand and W. R. Turrell. - A topographically induced internal wave and mixing in the Tamar Estuary / D. R. Sturley and K. R. Dyer. - Turbulence and shear induced mixing processes in estuaries / E. J. Derbyshire & J. R. West. - Dynamically-active models in the prediction of estuarine stratification / J. H. Simpson and J. Sharples. - PART III. CIRCULATION. - Circulation Residual flow in Naples Bay and its effect on constituent concentration, constituent flux and residence time / J. Van de Kreeke. - The stratified hydrodynamics of the Palmiet - a prototypical bar-built estuary / J. L. Largier, J. H. Slinger and S. Talijaard. - Salinity structure of a shallow, tributary estuary / W. W. Schroeder, S. P. Dinnel and W. J. Wiseman Jr. - On meteorologically induced subtidal motion in Hangzhou Bay / J. L. Su and W. Chen. - Water level fluctuations in the Atchafalaya Delta, Louisiana: tidal forcing versus river forcing / E. M. Swenson and C. E. Sasser. - Modelling of low-frequency salinity variations in the St. Lawrence Estuary / K. T. Tee. - On the estuatine circulation within the Kattegat / N. Winkel-Steinberg, J. O. Backhaus and T. Pohlmann. - PART IV. SEDIMENTATION. - Sedimentation Observations of fine-sediment concentrations and transport in the turbidity maximum region of an estuary / R. J. Uncles, J. A. Stephens and M. L. Barton. - Velocity asymmetries in frictionally-dominated tidal embayments: longitudinal and lateral variability / C. T. Friedrichs, D. R. Lynch and D. G. Aubrey. - Effects of sea-level rise on muddy coastal margins / R. Kirby. - Acoustic measurements of suspended sediment over sandwaves / P. D. Thome, R. L. Soulsby and P. J. Hardcastle. - Some observations on fluid mud response to water waves / F. Jiang and A. J. Mehta. - The reflection of waves off beaches / J. Darbyshire. - PART V. MODELLING (SEDIMENT). - Dispersion in tidally-averaged transport equation / R. T. Cheng and V. Casulli. - Effect of bends on dilution rates / R. Smith. - Modelling the vertical distribution of suspended sediment in combined wave-current flow / A. G. Davies. - Some considerations on mathematical modelling of morphological processes in tidal regions / Z. B. Wang. - A three-dimensional transport model for dissolved and suspended matter in estuaries and coastal seas / G. C. van Dam and R. A. Louwersheimer. - An estuatine and coastal sand transport model / B. A. O'Connor and J. Nicholson. - PART VI. APPLIED STUDIES. - Current and density structure in the Netherlands coastal zone / W. P. M. de Ruijter, A. van der Giessen and F. C. Groenendijk. - On the distribution of suspended matter and the density driven circulation in the Dutch coastal area / M. Visser. - Coastal dynamics along a rugged coastline / B. King and E. Wolanski. - Transport of hypoxic waters: an estuary-subestuary exchange / A. Y. Kuo and K. Park. - Interdisciplinary study on the tidal front in the Bungo Channel, Japan / T. Yanagi, O. Matsuda, S. Tanabe and S. Uye. - Hydrodynamic modelling for a tidal power project / T. L. Shaw.
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  • 47
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    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Vienna : International Atomic Energy Agency
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    Signatur: AWI G2-15-0024
    In: Reports and studies
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: 191 S.
    Serie: Reports and studies / Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution 43
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: CONTENTS: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. - 1. INTRODUCTION. - 1.1. Background. - 1.2. Definition of the coastal zone. - 1.3. Modelling for marine pollution studies. - 2. MODELLING FRAMEWORK. - 2.1. lntroduction. - 2.2. Questions to be answered. - 2.3. Other model dependencies on the nature of the questions. - 2.3.1. Near-field models. - 2.3.2. Far-field models. - 2.4. Conceptual model of contaminant dispersion. - 2.4.1. Description of water column processes. - 2.4.2. Description of the sea bed processes. - 2.4.3. Sources and sinks. - 2.5. Selection of components of the conceptual model. - 3. MODEL CONSTRUCTION. - 3.1. Modelling approach. - 3.1.1. Deterministic modelling approach. - 3.1.2. Stochastic modelling. - 3.2. Hydrodynamic model. - 23.2.1. From simple to complex models . - 3.2.2. Model complexity and predictability. - 3.2.3. Dealing with the problern of open boundaries. - 3.3. Sub-models. - 3.3.1. Sediment transport model. - 3.3.2. Biological transport model. - 3.3.3. Benthic transport model. - 4. MODEL FORMULATION AND PARAMETERIZATION OF PROCESSES. - 4.1. lntroduction. - 4.1.1. Philosophy. - 4.1.2. Levels of parameterization. - 4.2. Parameterization in transport models. - 4.2.1. Hydrodynamical model. - 4.2.2. Pollutant transport model: advection-diffusion equation. - 4.2.3. Sediment transport models. - 4.2.4. Biological transport models. - 4.3. Contaminant transport model: couplings between transport models. - 4.3.1. Biota-water interactions. - 4.3.2. Biota-particle interactions. - 4.3.3. Particle-water interactions. - 4.4. Decay and production. - 4.5. Parameterization in transport models for the sea bed. - 4.6. Characterizing source terms. - 5. CASE STUDIES. - 5 .1. Introduction. - 5.2. Cadmium in an estuary. - 5.2.1. Statement of the management problem. - 5.2.2. Model construction. - 5.2.3. Example calculations. - 5.2.4. Additional comments. - 5.3. Monazite sand dregded from an estuary. - 5.3.1. Statement of the management problern. - 5.3.2. Model construction. - 5.3.3. Specific examples. - 5.4. Impact of the disposal of titanium dioxide wastes into coastal waters. - 5.4.1. Statement of the management problem. - 5.4.2. Model construction. - 5.4.3. Example calculations. - 5.4.4. Additional comments. - 5.5. Nutrient inputs to Osaka Bay. - 5.5.1. Statement of the management problem. - 5.5.2. Model construction. - 5.5.3. Example calculations. - 5.5.4. Additional comments. - 5.6. Sewage discharge near a beach. - 5.6.1. Statement of the management question. - 5.6.2. Model construction. - 5.6.3. Example calculations. - 5.6.4. Additional comments. - 5.7. Model for the Dutch North Sea water quality management plan. - 5. 7 .1. Statement of the management problem. - 5.7.2. Model construction. - 5.7.3. Example calculations. - 5.7.4. Additional comments. - 5.8. Radioactive discharges from a nuclear reprocessing plant. - 5.8.1. Statement of the management problem. - 5.8.2. Model construction. - 5.8.3. Additional comments. - 5.9. Overall observations. - 6. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROCEDURES. - 6.1. Introduction. - 6.2. Verification. - 6.3. Sensitivity analysis. - 6.4. Validation. - 7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. - REFERENCES. - ANNEX I. COASTAL REGIMES. - A1.1. Estuaries. - A1.1.1 Stratified estuaries. - A1.1.2. Partially-mixed and well-mixed estuaries. - A1.1.3. Fjords. - A1.1.4. Hybrid estuaries. - A1.1.5. Transverse characteristics of estuaries. - A1.2. Inshore embayments. - A1.3. Open continental shelf. - A1.3.1. Example of a wide shelf. - A1.3.2. Example of a narrow shelf. - A1.4. Marginal seas. - A1.4.1. Example of a marginal sea with a sill: the Baltic Sea. - A1.4.2. Example of a marginal semi-constrained sea: the North Sea. - A1.5. The Arctic shelves. - References to Annex 1. - ANNEX 2. DETAILS ON PARAMETERIZATION OF PROCESSES. - A2.1. Introduction. - A2.2. Hydrodynamic transport models: momentum transfer. - A2.3. Sediment transport models. - A2.3.1. Bed-load transport. - A2.3.2. Suspended sediment transport. - A2.3.3. Grain size distributions. - A2.3.4. Gravitational settling. - A2.3.5. Critical bed shear stress. - A2.4. Biological transport models. - A2.5. Benthic transport models. - A2. 6. Coupling between transport models. - A2.6.1. Biota-water interactions. - A2.6.2. Sediment-water interactions. - A2.7. Diagenesis: water-sediment interactions. - A2.8. Parameterization of the source term. - A2.8.1. Nature of source. - A2.8.2. Bulk sources. - A2.8.3. Disposal procedure. - A2.8.4. Specific chemical compounds. - References to Annex 2. - LIST OF WORKING GROUP MEMBERS, SECRETARIAT AND MEETINGS. - GESAMP REPORTS AND STUDIES.
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  • 48
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-274
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - The ice/ice interface. - The ice/air interface. - The silicate/water/silicate interface. - The silicate/water/ice interface. - Summary. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Interfacial regions in frozen soils are of the following types: ice/ice (grain boundary) ice/water/air, silicate/water/silicate (interlamellar) and silicate/water /ice (extralamellar). For the last, the mid-portion of the interfacial region should be regarded as a liquid-like solution of the ionic and undissociated substances sorbed by the interface and expelled from the ice during freezing. The interfacial forces operative in these regions result in distinct differences in the properties and behavior of the interfacial water, compared with water in bulk; but, in spite of strong interfacial forces, the interfacial water exhibits liquid-like mobility in its response to many kinds of driving forces. From the evidence and arguments considered, it is concluded that distinctly different zones of orientational order can be distinguished within the interfacial regions. For an advancing silicate/water/ice interface it is proposed that there is a zone of strong perturbation and disorder immediately proximate to silicate surfaces in which the protons of water molecules are partially delocalized; this makes them more easily dissociated. Two or three molecular diameters removed from the silicate surface the interfacial forces operative there combine to create a zone of enhanced order in the molecular configurations. At some farther distance, depending upon the temperature below freezing, it is suggested that there exists a disordered transition zone proximate to the ice surface as portrayed in Drost-Hansen's model. It is suggested that future investigations will contribute refinements in the model and will uncover still further complexities in the various interfaces mentioned.
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    Seiten: iii, 19 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 274
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 49
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    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-265
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: An infinite plate on an elastic foundation is considered for a uniform load distributed over a circular area. The analysis of the problem is based on three-dimensional theory of elasticity. A numerical evaluation for the critical stress is made assuming a bending type of failure and the results closely agree with Westergaard's equations.
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    Seiten: iii, 8 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 265
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 50
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    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-261
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This paper considers a load moving with a constant velocity across an ice sheet that is floating on water. The ice sheet is assumed to be an isotropic, elastic, thin plate extending to infinity. The water is assumed to be inviscous, incompressible, and of a constant depth. The dynamic equations describing this ice-water system are solved for the steady state solution. Both a concentrated load and a uniform load distributed over a circular area are considered. The velocity which causes resonance is determined. The deflection and stress directly under the load are numerically evaluated.
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    Seiten: ii, 13 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 261
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 51
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    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-317
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Experiments by Smith-Johannsen on the adhesion of ice frozen from a number of 1 x 10^-3 ? electrolyte solutions to a wax-treated aluminum surface at -10°C are discussed. It is concluded that the adhesive strength measured by the force per square centimeter needed to shear the ice off the substrate surface is mainly due to a liquid interfacial solution layer between the ice and the substrate surface. The thickness of such a layer is largely determined by the same considerations as the thickness of grain boundary layers in ice obtained from dilute electrolyte solutions.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: ii, 9 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 317
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 52
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    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-314
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Previous work. - Sea ice terrain model. - Traffic ability model. - Analytic calculation of DT/DSL. - Monte Carlo calculation. - Results of traffic ability computations. - Experimental traffic ability ratios using ridge overlays. - Regional variations in ridging intensity. - Additional traffic ability aspects of sea ice. - Shear zone and rubble fields. - Linear lead systems. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix A. Distribution of the lateral extent of ridges. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A sea ice terrain model, based upon previously tested height and spacing distributions for sea ice pressure ridging, is developed. Using this model, and additional information on pressure ridge extents, a trafficability model for vehicles traversing the pack ice is developed. Both analytic and Monte Carlo calculations of vehicle trafficability, measured in terms of the average ratio of the total distance traveled over a straight-line distance, are performed. The calculations include cul-de-sacs due to ridge intersections. The trafficability ratio is given as a function of ridge-height-clearance ability of the vehicle and of ridging parameters which may be obtained from laser profiles of the arctic pack ice. Results are in good agreement with simulated routes through sea ice terrain taken from aerial photo mosaics. Contour plots of ridging parameters taken from laser profilometry are also supplied. These plots, together with the trafficability model, supply mobility information for the whole of the western portion of the Arctic Basin.
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    Seiten: iii, 21 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 314
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 53
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    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-302
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Literature review. - Experimental procedure. - Experimental and theoretical equations. - Results and discussion. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix A. Some problems in the experimental determination of the extinction coefficient of ice fog. - Appendix B. Ice fog production technique. - Appendix C. Ice fog samples and their corresponding particle spectra. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Laser extinction measurements in ice fog were made at wavelengths of 0.6328, 1.15 and 3.39 microns. The ice fog was generated in an environmental chamber whose temperature could be lowered to -43°C. Particle sampling was carried out simultaneously with the laser measurements using an impactor. Size distributions were derived from the impactor measurements. These data were used to compute Mie extinction coefficients at the three laser wavelengths. These coefficients were compared with the coefficients derived experimentally. Although some discrepancy exists between theory and experiment, both agree fairly well on the behavior of the extinction coefficient as a function of particle concentration.
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    Seiten: iii, 23 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 302
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 54
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    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-298
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - I. Introduction. - II. A statistical theory of trafficability. - Statistical descriptions of trafficability. - Statistical modeling of trafficability. - Trafficability in a variable space with comparison to a fixed space. - III. Statistical description of sea ice. - Homogeneous, isotropic, and normal random function. - Upper bound of probability for finding an obstacle derived from two-point probability density function. - IV. Design criteria of a SEV derived from sea ice surface roughness. - Literature cited. - Appendix: Statistics of a variable space.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Efforts were made to derive the design criteria of surface effect vehicles operated on arctic sea ice. Statistical theories were developed to describe trafficability of the vehicles and topography of the sea ice. By the use of actual sea ice surface profiles obtained by an aerial laser profiler, the usefulness of the present statistical method was demonstrated.
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    Seiten: iii, 19 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 298
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 55
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    Hanover, NH : Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-327
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Introduction. - Theory of formation, growth and precipitation of ice crystals. - Fog characteristics. - Liquid water content. - Size distribution of liquid water droplets. - Results and discussion. - Sudden expansion system. - Continuous flow. - Conclusions and recommendations. - Conclusions. - Recommendations. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Two compressed air systems for glaciating supercooled clouds were studied in the laboratory. The first system used the sudden expansion of compressed air and was found to be most efficient at 27 psig producing an average of 5.2 x 10^8 ice crystals per cm^3 of air. The second system used a continuous flow of air through nozzles of various designs, of which the supersonic nozzle was found to be the most efficient, producing a maximum of 2.5 x 10^8 crystals per cm^3 of air at 27 psig. The above data were obtained at an ambient temperature of -4°C, but data for other temperatures and pressures were obtained and are presented in the text.
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    Seiten: iii, 11 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 327
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 56
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    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-301
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - 1.The flow of organic nutrients in plants in cold-dominated ecosystems and the influence of man's activities on this flow. - Methodology for extraction and estimation of plant lipids, alcohol and water-soluble carbohydrates, starch and fructans. - Seasonal cycles in lipids and alcohol-soluble carbohydrates in plants at Barrow, Alaska. - Biochemical changes in plants at the heated soil experiment at Barrow. - Literature cited. - II. Contributions of carbon dioxide from frozen soil into the arctic atmosphere. - Introduction. - Laboratory study. - Field study. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - III. Biochemical estimations of underground plant biomass. - Appendix A. Methodology. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Two approaches were used to study the carbon cycling in a cold-dominated ecosystem at Barrow, Alaska. One involved a detailed analysis of the flow of CO2 between the atmosphere, soil and biota and the other concentrated on the internal carbon cycling in plants. A pilot study was also conducted which investigated the possibility of estimating underground plant biomass by biochemical means. Both laboratory and field studies were conducted to analyze the input of CO2 to the arctic atmosphere by frozen tundra soils. Data are presented which indicate that frozen soil is a major source of CO2. It is hypothesized that CO2 trapped in soils during bi-directional freezing in the fall and winter is released during the spring thaw, thus producing a spring rise in CO2 content of the atmosphere. A procedure for the extraction and estimation of organic nutrients (lipids and carbohydrates) was developed and used to follow the seasonal cycle of these nutrients of plants obtained at Barrow, Alaska. No cycling in levels of carbohydrates (alcohol-soluble) was observed in the foliage during the season, however a definite cycling in lipid levels was seen for all the species studied. The species were synchronous. Plant survival and organic nutrient levels were followed during the winter over a heated-soil experiment at Barrow, Alaska. During the winter, the heating of the soil caused ponding which resulted in the elimination of Dupontia fischeri by mid-winter and the eventual death of all plants by spring. The carbohydrate levels indicated a starvation condition was created where a marked decrease in storage polymers (starch and fructans) occurred without a concurrent large increase in the alcohol-soluble carbohydrate levels. An increase in the fresh/dry weight ratios was also observed indicating etiolated, succulent growth in early winter. Four techniques were tried for estimating the below-ground biomass of plants. Two of these were eliminated as unsuitable, however two other methods(ATP and phospholipid-levels) remain to be fully evaluated.
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    Seiten: iii, 26 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 301
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 57
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    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-303
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Notation. - 1.Introduction. - 1.1Definition and scope of problem. - 1.2 Theoretical background. - 1.3 Previous work on the single plate-grouser problem. - 1.4 Background of the present investigation. - 2.Theory of two-dimensional soil failure by a plate-grouser. - 2.1 Basic criteria and assumptions. - 2.2 Rupture zones and boundaries. - 2.3 Forces in the spiral and Rankine zones. - 2.4 Solution to forces of the equilibrium wedge abc when [Theta]c 〉 [Theta] 〉 (- [Epsilon] [equal to or greater] -[Beta]). - 2.5 Solution to the forces H and V. - 3. Observation of soil rupture patterns. - 3.1 General. - 3.2 Test equipment and photographic technique. - 3.3 Photographing failure patterns. - 3.4 Observation of the equilibrium wedge when [Theta]c 〉 [Theta] 〉 - [Epsilon]. - 3.5 Rupture patterns at [Theta] = 90°. - 4. Force measurements. - 4.1Test program. - 4.2 The plate-grouser test apparatus. - 4.3 The measurement of soil strength. - 4.4 Results of controlled [Theta] tests. - 5. Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Details of mathematical methods. - Appendix B: Computer program. - Appendix C: Examples of application. - Appendix D: Photographs of failure patterns. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The most common example of the application of inclined loads to the soil is the plate-grouser. This consists of a strip footing with a vertical arm at one end. The most usual loading arrangement is one in which a fixed vertical load is applied and then the horizontal load is increased until failure occurs. A theory has been developed which will predict the maximum horizontal force, assuming that the soil is dense enough to be reasonably described by the Coulomb equation. The theory is based on slip line fields including wedges of soil that are not failing. These slip line fields vary systematically with the interface angle [Beta] and the angle of internal shearing resistance of the soil [Phi] and they are a function of the direction of motion of the interface [Theta]. A computer program is provided which will solve the problem directly if the direction of motion [Theta] is given. It will also solve the more practical situation described above by an iterative procedure. The postulated slip line fields have been shown to be correct by means of glass box photographs giving excellent agreement with the theory. The predictions of passive pressure have been verified by a series of force measurements on quite large grousers driven into saturated clay, dry sand and an intermediate loam.
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    Seiten: vi, 93 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 303
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 58
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    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-313
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Nomenclature. - Introduction. - Funicular regime. - Grain growth. - Grain contacts. - Densification. - Pendular regime. - Discussion and conclusions. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Grain growth, bond growth and densification of wet snow are described in terms of the distribution of equilibrium temperature in the snow matrix. At high water saturations the equilibrium temperature increases with grain size; hence, small particles melt away as large particles grow. Melting also occurs at the intergrain bonds, causing a low strength and rapid densification. At low saturations the equilibrium temperature is determined by the capillary pressure and the particle sizes have only a second order effect. Therefore, grain growth proceeds slowly and, even at large overburden pressures, no intergrain melting occurs. At low saturations the water "tension" acts through a finite area, thus large attractive forces exist between the grains, and the strength of the snow matrix is large.
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    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 313
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 59
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    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-308
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Sea ice as a material. - Experimental procedures. - Results and analysis. - Conclusion. - Literature cited. - Appendix A. Error analysis. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: An investigation is made into the determination of the relationship between the extinction coefficient and the salinity of sea ice. A HeNe laser is used to propagate a beam of red light, of wavelength 6328Å, through a series of ice samples at -20°C. The optical extinction coefficients were calculated and plotted against the measured salinities. The results of the experiment indicated an exponential relationship between extinction coefficient and salinity. The relationship may be described by the equation: y = 2.41 + 0.001 exp (1.19x) where y is the extinction coefficient and x is the salinity.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 15 Seiten , Illutrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 308
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 60
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-300
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Sampling. - Byrd Station. - Plateau Station. - Camp Century. - lnge Lehmann. - Grain-crystal relations. - Analytical techniques. - Thin sections. - Crystal size measurements. - Results and discussion. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Crystal size as a function of depth and age in the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The growth of ice crystals as a function of depth and time in polar firn and glacier ice has been investigated at a number of locations in Antarctica and Greenland. Thin sections of snow and ice were used to measure crystal size variations which showed, in all cases, that crystal size increases essentially linearly with the age of samples. Crystal growth rates are strongly temperature dependent. At Camp Century, Greenland, where the firn temperature is -24°C, crystals grow approximately 23 times faster than at Plateau Station, Antarctica, where the in situ temperature is -57°C. Extrapolation of the existing data indicates that crystal growth rates in polar firn and ice could be expected to vary by about two orders of magnitude over the temperature range -60°C to -15°C. Examination of the changes in the pore-crystal structure relationships to a dpeth of 100 m at Camp Century shows that these changes closely resemble those occuring in the full-scale isothermal sintering of powder compacts.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 19 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 300
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 61
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-294
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Test materials. - Testing programs. - Test equipment. - Loading machine. - Environmental chamber. - Platen arrangements. - Stress/strain measurements. - Test procedures. - General. - Uniaxial compressive strength. - Diametral compression tests. - Stress/strain tests. - Test results. - Uniaxial compressive strength. - Brazil tensile strength. - Ring tensile strength. - Stress/strain characteristics. - Discussion. - Strength as a function of water content at room temperature. - Strength as a function of water content at -25°C. - Effect of temperature on the strength of nominally dry rocks. - Effect of low temperature on the strength of water-saturated rocks. - Effect of water on deformability at room temperature. - Deformability of air-dry rock as a function of temperature. - Effect of low temperature on the deformability of water-saturated rocks. - Conclusions and recommendations. - Literature cited. - Appendix A.Test materials for low temperature studies in rock mechanics. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Strength tests were made on three types of rock, both "air-dry" and water-saturated, at temperatures from +25° to -195°C, and stress/strain tests were made down to -60°C. Strength of air-dry specimens increased with decreasing temperature at an average rate of approximately 2 x 10^-3 °C^-1, and quasi-elastic moduli increased at comparable rates. Static fatigue mechanisms in air-dry rock were apparently influenced by temperature-modification of adsorbed water. Strength of water-saturated specimens increased dramatically as pore water froze, and continued to increase down to -120°C, where compressive and tensile strengths were greater than room temperature values by factors of 5, 4 and 2 for sandstone, limestone and granite respectively. Compressive stress/strain curves for saturated rocks became steeper after freezing, and initial tangent moduli for saturated high porosity rocks increased by well over an order of magnitude.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: v, 75 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 294
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 62
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-292
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - General introduction. - A. Pore water freezing data from differential thermal analysis. - Apparatus and technique. - Results. - Discussion. - Conclusions. - B. Indirect determination of pore water freezing data for rocks. - Air penetration tests. - Mercury penetration measurements. - Calculation of unfrozen water content and freezing point depression. - Comparison of calculated and measured freezing characteristics. - Conclusions. - C. Electrical conductivity measurements. - Procedures. - Results. - Discussion of results. - D. Thermal strains in cold rock. - Preliminary tests. - Recording dilatometer. - Test procedure. - Results. - Discussion. - Conclusions. - E. lsothermal compressibility of cold rocks. - Test method. - Test results. - Discussion of results. - Conclusion and recommendations. - General summary of results. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Water adsorption. - Appendix B: Adsorption and absorption by Rochester shale. - Appendix C: Low temperature conductivity of saturated wood. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The phase composition of pore water in three types of rock subjected to temperature below 0°C was explored by a variety of techniques. Freezing point depression was measured as a function of water content by differential thermal analysis, the results yielding relationships between unfrozen water content and temperature. In an effort to avoid the practical difficulties involved in differential thermal analysis, attempts were made to determine freezing characteristics indirectly by air penetration and mercury penetration techniques applied at ordinary room temperatures. Electrical conductivity measurements were made as a function of temperature down to -195° C in an attempt to obtain information on characteristics of interfacial water films at low temperatures. Thermal strain was measured as a function of temperature in order to detect direct mechanical effects associated with phase changes, chiefly strain discontinuities brought about by volume changes in the pore water during rapid freezing and thawing. Finally, isothermal compressibility measurements, with pressures up to 27 kb, were made at - 10°C so as to determine whether the rock underwent step changes in volumetric strain at pressures corresponding to those of the phase boundaries for ice polymorphs.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: v, 61 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 292
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 63
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-202-287
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Hugoniot curves were generated from simultaneous measurements of shock and free-surface velocities, obtained from samples of frozen Fairbanks (Fox) silt, using the exploding wire technique. The abrupt change in slope of the Us-Up Hugoniot is indicative of a phase change. The shape of the P-V Hugoniot suggests that the transformation begins immediately but does not go to completion. This means that, although the pressure lies slightly above the Rayleigh line through the mixed phase region, the slope does not increase as rapidly as it would if the material had stayed in the initial phase.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Conversion factors. - Introduction. - Test procedure. - Test results. - Discussion. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Hugoniot data. - Abstract.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iv, 13 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 287
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 64
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-286
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS : Introduction. - Basic analysis. - Part I: Far field surface motion. - A single oscillating source. - A group of forces over a finite area. - Part II: Near field study. - Motion at center of source. - Approximation of displacements. - Conclusion. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Wave propagation generated by vibratory load on a homogeneous, isotropic, linear viscoelastic half-space is studied. The effect of a single concentrated force and a group of forces applied over a circular area has been examined and solutions of the displacement functions are presented. In the case of the group forces, the three types of force distribution used by Reissner and Sung were employed. At a great distance (far field) from the applied load, surface displacements are reduced to closed form expressions. A field method based on these results is recommended for determining the complex modulus and the damping property of a viscoelastic material. For areas near the source (near field), numerical procedures were employed to evaluate the integral solution. To facilitate the application, two simplified versions are provided for calculating the center displacement under the load. They both provide good approximation to the integral solution and, most important of all, they speed up the computation enormously
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iv, 33 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 286
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 65
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-273
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Background. - Physical characteristics of snow. - Mechanical behavior of snow. - Failure mechanism of snow. - Description of experimental work. - Method. - Preparation of test samples. - Test apparatus and equipment. - Procedure. - Results and discussion. - Mechanical properties of test samples. - Experimental results. - Summary, conclusions, and recommendations. - Literature cited. - Selected bibliography. - Appendix A. Development of theoretical equations. - Appendix B. Test data and calculations. - Appendix C. Selected, representative photographs. - Appendix D. Schedule of tests performed. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This report presents the results of a study performed on the behavior, particularly the deformation, of snow under a load applied to a rigid plate at a constant rate of penetration. The results will eventually be used in the development of design criteria for snow roads, runways, and foundations in the polar regions. The tests were conducted on snow samples having a high width/length ratio, simulating a two-dimensional case. The effect of snow density, plate size, and pressure on the deformation of snow below the load was investigated. The pressure-sinkage relationships and the bearing strength as functions of density were also investigated. It was determined that density, in the range 0.3 to 0.6 g/cm^3, can be used as a reasonably reliable index for predicting deformation and behavior of snow under load. In general, the critical pressure (bearing strength) increased as a power function of density, and critical sinkage decreased as a power function of density. It was also observed that the deformation bulb resembled the typical Boussinesq stress bulb. The experimental pressure-sinkage relationships agreed closely with recently developed theoretical values. For the range of plate sizes used, the test data did not provide conclusive evidence of the effect of plate size on deformation and bearing capacity of snow. The possibility of using the Moire fringe method for determing deformation patterns in snow and soils under various loading conditions should be investigated.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iv, 67 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 273
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 66
    Signatur: ZSP-202-262
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Regional setting. - General description and topography. - Geology. - Soils. - Climate. - Precipitation. - Temperature. - Weather during period of study. - Vegetation. - Hydrology. - Water balance. - Introduction. - Yield. - Precipitation. - Loss of glacial storage. - Evapotranspiration. - Summary. - Flow variability. - Flow-duration curves. - Flood estimation. - Response to rain and meltwater. - Water quality. - Introduction. - Suspended sediment. - Bedload. - Dissolved sediment. - Water temperatures. - Channel shape and process. - General characteristics of braided channels. - Channel material. - Channel shape. - Channel changes. - Introduction. - Channel profiles. - Ground photography. -Vertical aerial photography. - Freeze-up and breakup. - Summary. - Literature cited. - Selected bibliography. - Appendix A: Measurement site locations and methods. - Appendix B: Installation of water-level recorder. - Appendix C: Delta river quicksilts - properties and mode of formation. - Appendix D: Channel shape data. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A one-year reconnaissance study was made of a large braided glacial river and its drainage basin (drainage area 1665 m^2; elevation range 1000 - 10,000 ft) for which a minimum of hydrometric and meteorologic data existed. The report includes estimates of the water balance, flow-duration curves, and sediment characteristics, and descriptions of stream response to glacial melt and rain, channel geometry and channel processes. Mean annual basin precipitation is estimated at 40.4 in. and mean annual loss of permanent glacial storage is about 1 in. About 30% of this leaves the basin as evapotranspiration, 50% as stream flow, and 20% as groundwater flow. Characteristics of response to glacial melt are outlined. Flow peaks near the mouth occur within 24 hours of rainfall Greater than 0.5 in./day at foothills meteorological stations; rains of less than that amount do not generally produce discernible stream response. Stream channel geometry is described in detail. Most channels on the lower floodplain are asymmetrical and are roughly triangular or parabolic, and have high width/depth ratios. At-a-station hydraulic geometry is described. Surveys and gr ound and aerial photography are used to describe channel changes.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: v, 83 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 262
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 67
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-289
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Materials and methods. - Materials. - Methods. - Results and discussion. - Literature cited. - Appendix A.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Clay mineral and soil samples were subjected to neutron activation analysis in order to identify and measure the abundances of trace elements having radionuclides with long half-lives. After exposure of cadmium-shielded samples to neutrons for a period of five days, the gamma radiation associated with the decay of the resulting radionuclides was observed using a high resolution Ge(Li) detector. Trace elements identified without prior chemical separation using the gross gamma-ray spectra included Fe, Zn, Ti, Ni, Co, Cr, Sr, Ba, Ca, La, Eu, Tb, Hf, Ta, Th, and U. It should be possible to determine quantitatively the amount of each of these elements. This is a considerable improvement over the number of elements determined in soils previously by activation analysis without destructive chemical treatments.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 27 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 289
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 68
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-283
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Determination of CEC of earth materials using isotopic exchange. - Determination of CEC of earth materials using isotopic labeling. - Appendix: Procedure for determination of CEC of earth materials by isotopic labeling.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Two radiochemical methods were investigated for determining the cation exchange capacity of earth materials having a wide range in physicochemical properties. The first method attempted was unsuccessful but involved determination of the radioactivity of a 22Na-NaOAc solution in isotopic equilibrium with a Na+-saturated mineral phase. The logic of this method is presented in order to illustrate principles of isotopic exchange in mineral systems. The method finally adopted is based upon determination of the radioactivity of a salt-free, Na+-saturated mineral sample prepared using a radioactive NaOAc solution with a known 22Na-NaOAc composition. This method is less time-consuming and more accurate than the conventional ammonium acetate method for cation exchange capacity determinations.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 12 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 283
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 69
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-281
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The solution for the vibration of an elastic plate floating on water is developed. The water is assumed to be incompressible and to have irrotational flow. In free vibration upon release of the plate, the maximum negative rebound of the deflection is 25%. For forced vibration, the steady state part of the solution shows that there is a frequency at which the deflection is a maximum. The stresses become a maximum at a frequency higher than the one for deflection. These critical frequencies depend upon the plate's characteristic length and the depth of the water. For most situations the critical frequency for stress is less than 0.2 cycle per second. At this critical frequency the stresses are amplified over the static case by a factor less than 10%.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: ii, 9 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 281
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 70
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-202-279
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Nomenclature. - Introduction. - Basic equations. - Equation of motion. - Equation of continuity. - Artificial viscosity. - Equation of state. - Equation of motion. - Equation of continuity. - Artificial viscosity. - Equation of state. - Finite difference approximation. - Equation of motion. - Equation of continuity. - Artificial viscosity. - Equation of state. - Boundary conditions. - Results and discussion. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A finite difference method for predicting the effect of shock waves on a circular cylindrical cavity in elastic-plastic media was studied. A two-dimensional Lagrangean code was found quite satisfactory. Attenuation of the shock waves through the cavity and the deformation of the cavity wall were discussed.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: v, 23 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 279
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 71
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    New York [u.a.] : Wiley [u.a.]
    Signatur: PIK N 456-11-0232
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: General Circulation and Weather Systems over China ; Air Temperature ; Precipitation ; Humidity and Evaporation ; Cloud Amount, Sunshine Duration and Total Solar Radiation ; Wind Velocity ; Earth Temperature and Frozen Soil ; Weather Phenomena ; Delineation of Climatic Regions in China ; Climatic Variation over China ; Causes of Formation and Variations of Climate ; Climatic Resources and Adversities of China
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: VII, 376 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 0471519138
    Originaltitel: Zhongguo qihou
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
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  • 72
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-311
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Notation. - Introduction. - Review of observations. - Review of theory. - Water flow through textured layers. - Water flow past semipermeable layers. - Discussion. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The flow of water through layered snowpacks is discussed. A method for predicting flow through unsaturated layers is given. The flow along ice layers and through ice layers is analyzed in terms of the slope, permeability, thickness and length of the layers. It is shown that the permeability of ice layers required to cause large flow diversions is quite small. The effect of slope is large even at small angles.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: v, 15 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 311
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 73
    Signatur: AWI P5-15-0006
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: XIII, 495 Seiten
    Ausgabe: printed original edition 1967
    ISBN: 0-8047-0272-1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Contents: 1 Introduction. - 2 Geology of the Floor of Bering and Chukchi Seas - American Studies. - 3 Late Quaternary Sediments of Bering Sea and the Gulf of Alaska. - 4 Quaternary Marine Transgressions in Alaska. - 5 Quaternary Geology of the Alaskan Shore of Chukchi Sea. - 6 Quaternary Geology of Western Seward Peninsula, Alaska. - 7 Paleogeography of Chukotka During Late Neogene and Quaternary Time. - 8 Radiocarbon Chronology in Siberia. - 9 Neogene and Early Quaternary Vegetation of Northwestern North America and Northeastern Asia. - 10 Quaternary Vegetational History of Arctic Alaska. - 11 Vegetation of Eastern Siberia During the Anthropogene Period. - 12 Distribution, Ecology, and Cytology of the Ogotoruk Creek Flora and the History of Beringia. - 13 Mammal Remains of Pre-Wisconsin Age in Alaska. - 14 On the Origin of the Mammalian Fauna of Canada. - 15 The Effect of the Bering Land Bridge on the Quaternary Mammalian Faunas of Siberia and North America. - 16 Palearctic-Nearctic Mammalian Dispersal in the Late Cenozoic. - 17 The Stratigraphy of Tjbrnes, Northern Iceland, and the History of the Bering Land Bridge. - 18 Cenozoic Migrations of Marine Invertebrates Through the Bering Strait Region. - 19 Marine Mammals and the History of Bering Strai. - 20 Depth Changes in Bering Sea During the Upper Quaternary, as Indicated by Benthonic Foraminifera. - 21 Diatom Floras and the History of Okhotskand Bering Seas. - 22 On Migrations of Hunters across the Bering Land Bridge in the Upper Pleistocene. - 23 Human Migration and Permanent Occupation in the Bering Sea Area. - 24 The Cenozoic History of Beringia - A Synthesis. - General Index. - Index to Faunal and Floral Taxa.
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  • 74
    Signatur: ZSP-202-315
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Introduction. - Part 1:Mesoscale strain measurements on the Beaufort Sea pack ice. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Previous work. - Site location. - Results. - Correlation of synoptic aerial photography with measured strains. - Correlation of estimated wind stress and strain. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Part II: Structure of a multiyear pressure ridge. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Profiles. - Internal properties. - Largest ridge sail. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Part III: Top and bottom roughness of a multiyear ice floe. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Results. - Literature cited. - Part IV:Airphoto analysis of ice deformation in the Beaufort Sea Abstract. - Introduction. - Study area. - Method of analysis. - Ice deformations. - Net deformational changes. - Pressure ridge distribution. - Summary and conclusions. - Literature cited. - Part V: Data on morphological and physical characteristics of sea ice in the Beaufort Sea.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Mesoscale strain measurements on the Beaufort Sea pack ice; Structure of a multiyear pressure ridge; Top and bottom roughness of a multiyear ice floe; Airphoto analysis of ice deformation in the Beaufort Sea; Data on morphological and physical characteristics of sea ice in the Beaufort Sea.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 66 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 315
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 75
    Signatur: ZSP-202-326
    In: Detecting structural heat losses with mobile infrared thermography / R.H. Munis, S.J. Marshall and M.A. Bush, Part I
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command, 326
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Introduction. - Principle of the IR scanner. - Advantages of mobile infrared thermography. - Discussion of field measurements. - Recommendations for future work on thermography of buildings. - Other potential applications of infrared thermography of buildings. - Appendix A: Thermograms of northern exposure of USA CRREL building. - Appendix B: Sample thermograms of heat loss survey at Pease Air Force Base. -Appendix C: Sample thermograms of heat loss survey at Dartmouth College. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A method to assess quickly the insulation effectiveness of buildings using mobile infrared thermography has been developed at USA CRREL. In contrast to the infrared thermography done in Sweden, this method concentrates on obtaining useful data by measuring the outside surface temperature of structures. This report outlines the basic principles involved in these measurements, and discusses field measurements and the inherent advantages of infrared thermography. Typical thermograms are presented in the appendixes.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 13 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 326
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Archiv
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  • 76
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
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    Signatur: ZSP-202-312
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Preface. - Nomenclature. - Introduction. - Test specimen. - Equipment and procedure. - Test chamber. - Error of eccentricity. - Equipment. - Procedure. - Results. - Tensile strength. - Fracture. - Discussion. - Uniaxial tensile strength. - Brazil test. - Comparison with theory. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix A. Test results. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: An investigation was conducted to determine the effect of a compressive stress on the tensile strength of bubbly polycrystalline ice. One hundred forty-five tests were made in an apparatus of novel design. A cylindrical dumbbell specimen was stressed in axial tension and radial and tangential compression by a hydraulic system which minimized bending stresses. Compression-tension ratios ranging from 0.21 to 10.14 were used for the tests. Tensile strength was found to decrease with an increase in the ratio. At the ratio of 3.155 the tensile strength is about one third the uniaxial value. The test results support the evidence that the Brazil test underestimates the tensile strength for ice. They also indicate that the Brazil test value for ice can be no greater than one third the uniaxial tensile strength. A comparison of the experimental results with a few prominent biaxial failure theories indicates a lower tensile strength than predicted by any theory. However, the best approximation to the results is the Coulomb-Mohr criterion.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iv, 21 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 312
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 77
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-202-307
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Part 1.The concept of isotropy clarified by the introduction of non-coaxial mechanics. - Part 2. Systematization of the theory of plasticity with indefinite angle of non-coaxiality. - Analysis of stress. - Analysis of strain-rate. - Principle of partial coincidence. - Strain-rate characteristic directions. - Equations for practical use. - Conclusion. - Literature cited. - Appendix A.The sense of the [Sigma],[Gamma] coordinate system. - Appendix B. Another derivation of the equations of velocity components. - Appendix C. Equations of velocity components in stress characteristic directions.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: One of the difficulties that have hampered the development of the mathematical theory of soil plasticity was recently overcome by Mandl and Luque. They showed that the non-coaxiality of the principal axes of a stress tensor and a strain-rate tensor can occur only in plane deformation. Their assumption that the angle of non-coaxiality should be a material constant cannot be supported, however. The angle of noncoaxiality should be determined so that the solution to the given problem can exist. It is demonstrated in one of the examples in this paper that a well-known solution in which the angle of non-coaxiality is assumed to be zero does violate the assumed boundary condition. The theory was reorganized bv using new insights given by Mandl and Luque. It is concluded that still missing is one condition that enables us to determine the angle of non-coaxiality as a function of space.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 31 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 307
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 78
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-202-295
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Physical basis of microwave moisture sensing. - Physics of transmission and reflection. - General behavior of reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves through media of finite thicknesses. - Water-content determination by reflection or transmission measurements on micro-waves. - Outlook for microwave moisture sensors. - Future studies. - Bibliography. - Appendix A. Computer program. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Microwave instrumentation is used for nondestructive measurement of the water content of materials. The basis of all microwave moisture sensors is that the dielectric constants of material that contains water are a strong function of water content. The microwave moisture sensors based on a reflection or transmission principle are shown to have the disadvantage of requiring that a calibration be made for each sample thickness. Several alternative routes for developing reliable microwave moisture sensors are discussed.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 17 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 295
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 79
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-202-293
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - What is a spline function?. - 1. Determination of a cubic spline. - 2. Effect of end conditions. - 3. Some properties of cubic splines. - Application to a lake temperature observation. - 1. Observed temperatures. - 2. Integral residuals of the observed temperatures. - 3. Theoretical temperature distributions. - Conclusion. - Literature cited.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Numerical differentiation by use of classical interpolation formulas yields a diversity of results. Consistent numerical differentiation can be performed by using a spline function as an interpolating function. As an application, temperature observed in a lake is numerically differentiated as a function of time and of depth by use of cubic splines. The deviation of the actual heat transfer mechanism from vertical heat conduction can thus be detected. The reliability of numerical differentiation by spline functions is manifest in this example.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: iii, 18 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 293
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 80
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-202-291
    In: Research report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Study lake. - Previous work at Post Pond. - Methods and procedures. - Results and discussion. - Summer stratification. - Autumnal mixing and thermocline disappearance. - Winter period of ice cover. - Spring circulation. - Summary and conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Ice sample analysis. - Abstract.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The temperature structure of Post Pond, a small (46.6 hectares), mid-latitude, dimictic lake in west-central New Hampshire, was studied during autumn,winter and spring of 1968-1969. The lake was instrumented over its maximum depth (11.7 m) with a string of 24 thermocouples which recorded hourly temperatures. Temperatures in 9 m of sediments underlying the lake were measured with a thermistor probe. Secondary and tertiary thermocline development in the epilimnion occurred during short warming periods in the early autumn. The autumn overturn lasted 25 days, whereas the spring overturn lasted only 4 days. The entire lake mixed isothermally in the autumn to 3.2°C. During the period of ice cover, the lower 5 m of water gained approximately 51.5 cal/cm^2, which was supplied by stored heat in the bottom sediments. A steady-state thermal gradient of 0.07°C/m was found for the deeper sediments underlying the lake during ice cover. Late winter cooling of bottom water under the ice cover may be the result of snowmelt in areas adjacent to the lake causing activation of groundwater influx. Melting of the clear ice portion of the ice cover was primarily the result of heat supplied to the lake from snowmelt water, and occurred on the underside of the ice sheet. Thermal instability of the water mass persisted for 9 days during peak snowmelt runoff; this can be partially explained by an increase in dissolved solids with depth.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: 23 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Serie: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 291
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 81
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Oslo : Norsk Polarinst.
    Signatur: AWI P6-09-0027
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 66 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 82
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research
    Signatur: AWI P6-09-0028
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 15 S. : graph. Darst.
    Ausgabe: 2nd Ed.
    ISBN: 0642514755
    Sprache: Englisch
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 83
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Koebenhavn : Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-683-41
    In: Rapport = Report
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Post-Wisconsinian uplift of West, North and East Greenland has been estimated on the basis of information in current literature and compared to the data collected by the author in central West Greenland. For West and North Greenland the dated uplift allows an estimate to be made of the age of former shore-lines, which in turn have been used to date the stages of the extent of the Inland Ice. The results have been compared with published information on the age of glacial stages in East Greenland. The estimated ages of the ice margin stages imply a history of deglaciation in West (and North?) Greenland comparable to that of North America. In both areas the major deglaciation took place after the Younger Dryas and a marked halt took place in Boreal times. It is possible that the history of East Greenland is more closely related to that of Scandinavia where a widespread deglaciation took place prior to the Younger Dryas. The deglaciation of North Greenland was interrupted by a marked readvance or readvances during the climatic optimum. It is possible that the northward shift of the low pressure centres during this period led to an increased accumulation on the northern part of the Inland Ice.
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: 39 S. : graph. Darst., Kt.
    Serie: The Geological Survey of Greenland : Report 41
    Sprache: Englisch
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 84
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Copenhagen : Kommissionen for Videnskabelige Undersøgelser i Grønland
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-553-15
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 72 S. : Ill., zahlr. graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 8717052297
    Serie: Meddelelser om Grønland : Bioscience 15
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 85
    Signatur: ZSP-553-36
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 102 S. : zahlr. Kt.
    ISBN: 8750399721
    ISSN: 0106-1054
    Serie: Meddelelser om Grønland : Bioscience 36
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 86
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Copenhagen : Nyt Nordisk Forl.
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-553-33
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 80 S.
    ISBN: 8717062349
    ISSN: 0106-1054
    Serie: Meddelelser om Grønland : Bioscience 33
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
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  • 87
    Signatur: ZSP-553-5
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 19 S.
    ISBN: 8717028736
    ISSN: 0106-1046
    Serie: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 88
    Signatur: ZSP-553-10
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 28 S., 11 Beil.
    ISBN: 8717051118
    ISSN: 0106-1046
    Serie: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 10
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 89
    Signatur: ZSP-553-11
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 24 S.
    ISBN: 8717051193
    ISSN: 0106-1046
    Serie: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 11
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 90
    Signatur: ZSP-553-29
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 22 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 8760133929
    ISSN: 0106-1046
    Serie: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 29
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 91
    Signatur: ZSP-553-23
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 85 S. : zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 8717059755
    ISSN: 0106-1046
    Serie: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 23
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 92
    Signatur: ZSP-553-22
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 63 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 8717059712
    ISSN: 0106-1054
    Serie: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 22
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 93
    Signatur: ZSP-553-25
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 39 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 8750391550
    ISSN: 0106-1046
    Serie: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 25
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
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  • 94
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    København : Reitzel
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-553-141,3
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 210 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Serie: Meddelelser om Grønland 141,3
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
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  • 95
    Signatur: M 98.0009 ; PIK D 025-96-0239 ; AWI P2-95-0122
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 255 S.
    ISBN: 359335005X
    Klassifikation:
    Wissenschaft
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Standort: Kompaktmagazin oben
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 96
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Bracknell : Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-192-44
    In: Climate research technical note
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: [24 S.] : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Serie: Climate research technical note 44
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
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  • 97
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Signatur: ZSP-558-11 ; MOP 46209 / Mitte
    In: Middle atmosphere program
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: 146 S.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
    Standort: MOP - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
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  • 98
    Signatur: PIK N 456-91-0191 ; MOP Per 875(61)
    In: World Climate Research Programme, 61
    In: WMO TD, 437
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 13 Seiten
    Serie: World Climate Research Programme 61
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Standort: MOP - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
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  • 99
    Signatur: ZSP-553-8
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Materialart: Schriftenreihen ausleihbar
    Seiten: 392 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 8717029697
    Serie: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 8
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 100
    Signatur: ZSP-686-93
    In: Report
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 171 S. : überw. Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISSN: 0937-1060
    Serie: Report / Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie 93
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
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