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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binding of vitamin A byβ-cyclodextrin and heptakis(2,6-O-dimethyl)-β-cyclodextrin (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 22 (1995), S. 251-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: Association constant ; DM-β-CD ; β-CD ; vitamin A
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Inclusion complexation of all-trans-retinol, retinal and retinoic acid with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and heptakis(2,6-O-dimethyl)-β-cyclodextrin (DM-β-CD) were investigated by means of UV-vis spectroscopy. The association constants (K a) obtained for vitamin A with DM-β-CD is greater than with β-CD. On the other hand, for the same host compoundK a values of retinol, retinal and retinoic acid are very close to each other.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00707777
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substituent effect and enthalpy-entropy compensation on the inclusion ofβ-cyclodextrin with 1-substituted naphthalenes (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 26 (1996), S. 175-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: β-CD ; enthalpy-entropy compensation ; inclusion complex ; naphthalene derivatives ; substituent effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The inclusion complexation ofβ-CD with 1-substituted naphthalenes has been investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy. It was observed that the association constants were influenced by the molar refraction (R m), hydrophobic constant (π x ), and Hammett constant (σ x ) of substituents in the guest compounds. The thermodynamic parameters ΔG0, ΔH 0, and ΔS 0 determined by measuring the temperature-dependentK a values shows that inclusion complex formation is enthalpy driven. The results are discussed in terms of enthalpy-entropy compensation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01053536
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can TMS and DSS be used as NMR references for cyclodextrin species in aqueous solution? (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 15 (1993), S. 37-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: Cyclodextrin ; DSS ; inclusion complex ; NMR ; TMS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Tetramethylsilane (TMS) can be included by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and sodium 2,2-dimethylsilapentane-5-sulphonate (DSS) can form inclusion complexes with β- and γ-CD. The NMR chemical shifts are changed considerably as a result of the strong interaction between CD and the guest compound in the inclusion complexes. A downfield shift of as much as 0.63 ppm shift downfield has been observed for the protons of external TMS in CD aqueous solution. In view of this, the question arises of whether TMS and DSS can be used as internal references. DSS in D2O is suggested as an external reference for aqueous cyclodextrin solution in NMR measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00706472
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Inclusion Complexation of β-Cyclodextrin with Phenothiazine Derivatives (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 35 (1999), S. 487-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: β-cyclodextrin ; inclusion complexation ; molecular dynamics ; phenothiazine derivatives
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Inclusion complexation of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with N-phenylphenothiazine ( 1), N-benzylphenothiazine ( 2) and N-phenethylphenothiazine ( 3) has been studied by means of UV-vis spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. The association constants (Ka) were determined to be 126, 312 and 211 dm3/mol for inclusion of β-CD with 1, 2 and 3, respectively. It shows that the Ka values are affected by the substituents of the guest compounds. The structures of the complexes and the conformation of the guest compounds bound by β-CD in the complex have been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008071528666
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substituent Effects on the Driving Force for Inclusion Complexation of α- and β-Cyclodextrin with Monosubstituted Benzene Derivatives (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 30 (1998), S. 173-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: Cyclodextrin ; driving force ; inclusion complexation ; substituent effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The association constant values, Ka, for the inclusion of α- and β-CD with monosubstituted benzene derivatives were determined by means of UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The stability of the complexes is influenced by the properties of the substituents of the guest compounds. Regression analysis was used to create a set of inclusion models with the experimental association constant ln Ka and the corresponding substituent molar refraction Rm, hydrophobic constant π and Hammett σ constant of the benzene derivatives. The ln Ka value mainly correlated with Rm for α-CD and with both Rm and π for β-CD complexes. The association constants predicted by the models are in good agreement with the experimentally determined data. This suggests that the inclusion complexation of benzene derivatives with α-CD is predominantly driven by van der Waals force and with β-CD mainly by van der Waals force and hydrophobic interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007985107256
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of vitamin A as a probe in critical micelle concentration determinations of surfactants (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 17 (1994), S. 37-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: CMC ; inclusion ; micelle ; probe ; vitamin A
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of some sodium alkyl sulfates (SNS, SdS, SDS, STS, and SHS), sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDSO), CTAB and Triton X-100 were determined by measuring both the absorbance and the absorption wavelength of vitamin A in aqueous solutions of surfactants of various concentrations. The results are in agreement with those obtained by other methods in the literature. The influence of micelles upon the absorption spectra of vitamin A have been investigated. The effects of the temperature and the incubation time on the measurements have been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00707998
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inclusion complexation of sodium alkyl sulfates withβ-cyclodextrin. A1H NMR study (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 17 (1994), S. 149-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: Association constant ; β-cyclodextrin ; inclusion ; NMR ; surfactant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The association of anionic surfactants,viz., sodium alkyl sulfates, C n H2n+1OSO3Na (n=5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12), withβ-cyclodextrin has been investigated by means of NMR spectroscopy. The measurements of chemical shift changes of certain protons of both host and guest molecules indicated 1:1 inclusion complex formation. The association constants (K a) and standard free energy changes (−ΔG 0) for the inclusion complexation reaction vary as a function of the hydrocarbon chain length of the surfactants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00711855
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interplay between Molecular Recognition and Redox Properties: A Theoretical Study of the Inclusion Complexation of β-Cyclodextrin with Phenothiazine and its Radical Cation (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 38 (2000), S. 199-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: cyclodextrin ; inclusion ; phenothiazine ; radical cation ; theoretical study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The PM3 molecular orbital method was employed in the conformational analysis of the inclusion complexation of β-cyclodextrin with phenothiazine and its radical cation from a complete and unrestricted geometry optimization. Ab initio calculations at the level of HF/3-21G(d) and B3LYP/3-21G(d) were utilized to determine the electronic structures of the host, guest and their complexes. The results indicated that the complexation of β-cyclodextrin with the phenothiazineradical cation was significantly more favorable than that with the neutral one, in good agreement with the experimental observation. The charge-transfer interaction was proposed as a physical reason for such behavior. It is suggested that caution should be given when extrapolating one oxidation state behavior to the supramolecular systems in their other oxidation states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008106831450
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic ESR study on the reaction of vitamin E radical with vitamin C and its lipophilic derivatives in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide micelles (1992)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 5 (1992), S. 33-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The reaction between α-tocopheroxyl radical (VE·) and ascorbic acid (VC) and its lipophilic derivatives ascorbyl-6-caprylate (VC-8), 6-laurate (VC-12) and 6-palmitate (VC-16) was studied by stopped-flow ESR spectroscopy in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles. The second-order rate constants for the reaction were found to be 9 · 0, 3 · 0, 0 · 7 and 0 · 03 × 105 1 mol-1 s-1 for VC, VC-8, VC-12 and VC-16, respectively, indicating a remarkable influence of the aliphatic side-chain on the reactivity. The lifetime of the reaction intermediate, ascorbate radical anion, was greatly enhanced by the lipophilic side-chain, being 0 · 4, 5 and 110 s for VC-8-., VC-12-. and VC-16-. respectively. Kinetic analysis shows that the inter- and intramicellar diffusion may be the rate-limiting steps for the reaction carried out in micelles.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.610050105
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    14N/15N ISOTOPE EFFECT ON THE ELECTRON TRANSFER PROCESS BETWEEN PHENOTHIAZINE AND ITS RADICAL CATION (1997)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 10 (1997), S. 152-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: electron transfer ; 14N/15N isotope effect ; radical cation ; phenothiazine ; electron paramagnetic resonance ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: An appreciable equilibrium isotope effect has been observed for electron transfer from phenothiazine (PT) to the radical cation of its 15N-substituted analogue ([15N]PT+·), i.e.PT+[15N]PT+· ⇋ K PT+·+[15N]PTvia electron paramagnetic resonance analysis of the mixed radical cations formed from mixing the [15N]phenothiazine radical cation hexachloroantimonate and phenothiazine in acetonitrile (K=0·77±0·10 at 25 °C), and by physical separation of the neutral phenothiazines from the radical cation salts in the equilibrium mixture (K=0·83±0·10 at 25 °C). Infrared and Raman spectra of [14N]- and [15N]phenothiazines and their radical cations were measured to assign the vibrational frequency shifts caused by the heavy-atom substitution and radical cation formation, which gave an estimate of the enthalpy change of 441·7 J mol-1 for the electron transfer process. These results reveal that 15N substitution of phenothiazine decreases appreciably the ionization potential of the molecule, making it easier to lose an electron to form the corresponding radical cation in solution. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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