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  • 1
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The reaction between α-tocopheroxyl radical (VE·) and ascorbic acid (VC) and its lipophilic derivatives ascorbyl-6-caprylate (VC-8), 6-laurate (VC-12) and 6-palmitate (VC-16) was studied by stopped-flow ESR spectroscopy in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles. The second-order rate constants for the reaction were found to be 9 · 0, 3 · 0, 0 · 7 and 0 · 03 × 105 1 mol-1 s-1 for VC, VC-8, VC-12 and VC-16, respectively, indicating a remarkable influence of the aliphatic side-chain on the reactivity. The lifetime of the reaction intermediate, ascorbate radical anion, was greatly enhanced by the lipophilic side-chain, being 0 · 4, 5 and 110 s for VC-8-., VC-12-. and VC-16-. respectively. Kinetic analysis shows that the inter- and intramicellar diffusion may be the rate-limiting steps for the reaction carried out in micelles.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 10 (1997), S. 152-158 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: electron transfer ; 14N/15N isotope effect ; radical cation ; phenothiazine ; electron paramagnetic resonance ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: An appreciable equilibrium isotope effect has been observed for electron transfer from phenothiazine (PT) to the radical cation of its 15N-substituted analogue ([15N]PT+·), i.e.PT+[15N]PT+· ⇋ K PT+·+[15N]PTvia electron paramagnetic resonance analysis of the mixed radical cations formed from mixing the [15N]phenothiazine radical cation hexachloroantimonate and phenothiazine in acetonitrile (K=0·77±0·10 at 25 °C), and by physical separation of the neutral phenothiazines from the radical cation salts in the equilibrium mixture (K=0·83±0·10 at 25 °C). Infrared and Raman spectra of [14N]- and [15N]phenothiazines and their radical cations were measured to assign the vibrational frequency shifts caused by the heavy-atom substitution and radical cation formation, which gave an estimate of the enthalpy change of 441·7 J mol-1 for the electron transfer process. These results reveal that 15N substitution of phenothiazine decreases appreciably the ionization potential of the molecule, making it easier to lose an electron to form the corresponding radical cation in solution. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Peroxidation of linoleic acid was initiated by azobis(isobutyronitrile) in tert-butyl alcohol and inhibited by α-tocopherol, β-carotene and retinal, either alone or in combination. Significant antioxidant synergism and a novel mutual protection of α-tocopherol and β-carotene were found and the possible involvement of retinal in the process is discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 26 (1988), S. 577-580 
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: Quinone cation radicals ; Photo-induced electron transfer ; ESR ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Benzoquinone cation radicals of 1,4-benzoquinone and methyl-, 2,5-dimethyl- and 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone were formed from the corresponding parent quinones by in situ UV photolysis in trifluoroacetic acid at ambient temperature, and detected by ESR. The cationic character of the radical species was confirmed by the electron transfer between the quinone cation radicals and N,N,Ń,Ń-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD). In the case of tert-butyl substituted benzoquinones, instead of the corresponding cation radicals, cyclized radicals, i.e. the 3,3-dimethylcoumaran-5-oxy and 3,3-dimethyl-7-tert-butylcoumaran-5-oxy radicals and the 3,3-dimethyl-6-tert-butylcoumaran-5-hydroxy cation radical were detected from tert-butyl, 2,6-di-tert-butyl- and 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinones, respectively. A mechanism involving electron transfer between the photoexcited quinone and that in the ground state is proposed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 27 (1989), S. 451-454 
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: Photolysis ; Ketones ; CIDNP ; Exciplex ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photolysis of 4-acetyl-4-ethoxyformylcyclohexanone and 4-acetyl-4-phenylcyclohexanone in deuteriochloroform showed an unusual polarization which suggests that a singlet exciplex of the ketone with deuteriochloroform may be involved in the Norrish type I reaction.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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