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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation and sintering of chromium oxide powders (1976)
    Springer
    Powder metallurgy and metal ceramics 15 (1976), S. 96-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9066
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. Milling in a planetary mill raises the level of crystal lattice microdistortions in chromium oxide powder, reduces the particle size of the powder, and breaks up its mosaic blocks. The kinetics of the variation of the particle and block sizes is characterized by saturation. 2. Fine crystal structure defects are annealed out in the temperature range 900–1100°C. Marked densification of chromium oxide during calcining in a reducing atmosphere begins at 1300°C. 3. Milling as a means of activation substantially improves the sintering of Cr2O3 powders at temperatures of 1500–1600°C. For activated chromium oxide powders a correlation is found between the degree of sintering and the level of structural defectiveness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00793557
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improving the properties of zircon slips by incorporating additives (1980)
    Springer
    Glass and ceramics 37 (1980), S. 351-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8515
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01141892
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Refractories for lining blast furnaces (1985)
    Springer
    Refractories and industrial ceramics 26 (1985), S. 238-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9139
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions At the Chasov Yar refractories combine we developed and introduced a technology for the production of chamotte kaolin refractories with a porosity of not more than 12% and a mass proportion of not less than 42% Al2O3 on the basis of chamotte from high-grade Polozhe kaolin, and also additions to the batch of finely milled mullite-corundum chamotte. Using the new technology we produced a batch of goods designated ShPD-42 for lining the shafts, bosh, and upper parts of blast furnaces of large capacity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01539585
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure evolution of corundum concretes (1989)
    Springer
    Refractories and industrial ceramics 30 (1989), S. 203-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9139
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions Structure evolution of the corundum concretes based on the binders of different compositions was studied. We demonstrated the effect of Cr2O3, CCLS, and technological (technical-grade) lignosulfonate on the strength gain of the cement stone and the concrete based on it, the phase composition of the cement stone and the concrete, their variation during the process of heat treatment, and on the microstructure. The ability of these additives to increase the degree of hydration of the high-alumina cement was established. The formation of a large quantity of aluminum hydroxide and calcium hydromonocarboaluminate confirm this fact. The evolution of a dense and strong structure of the corundum concrete based on the high-alumina cement and the occurrence of additional growth during the high-temperature firing process due to the formation of CA6 and the solid solutions of corundum and CA6 with Cr2O3 were shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01326668
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of Murzinsk kaolin which is difficult to sinter (1990)
    Springer
    Refractories and industrial ceramics 31 (1990), S. 156-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9139
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01282355
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure evolution in polycrystalline zirconium dioxide fibers (1991)
    Springer
    Refractories and industrial ceramics 32 (1991), S. 558-563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9139
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions The reported results form a part of the complex investigations carried out at the Ukrainian Scientific-Research Institute of Refractories on the structure evolution processes in the polycrystalline fibers based on zirconium dioxide. Using the methods of x-ray phase analysis, petrographic analysis, and electron microscopy, we studied the phase formation in the polycrystalline ZrO2 fibers of three systems (additiveless ZrO2, CaO-containing ZrO2, and Y2O3-containg ZrO2) in the 1000–1500°C range. It was established that the additiveless zirconium dioxide fibers are represented by the monoclinic ZrO2 and that at 1400°C, their strength decreases due to a significant change in the volume of the unit cells (as a result of the tetragonal-monoclinic transformation). A study of the phase composition of the ZrO2-Y2O3 and the ZrO2-CaO fibers established that the structure of the fibers of the former system contains a large quantity of the tetragonal phase and finer crystals. After the second firing at 1500°C, the monoclinic phase of ZrO2 appears during the cooling process; its quantity depends on the resistance offered by the solid solutions to the eutectoid decomposition and increases with increasing temperature of the initial technological firing. The presence of significant quantities of the monoclinic phase of ZrO2 leads to destructive changes in the fibers and to an increased additional shrinkage of the material at 1500°C. The minimum content of the monoclinic ZrO2 and the finer structure (smaller grain size) are observed in the Y2O3-stabilized zirconium dioxide fibers that were fired in advance at 1200°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01280847
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase composition and structure of specimens in the ZrO2-CaO system after aging (1993)
    Springer
    Refractories and industrial ceramics 34 (1993), S. 504-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9139
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions X-ray and electron-microscopic methods were used to study the composition and structure of specimens in the ZrO2-CaO system (12–25% CaO) after prolonged firing at 1100–1420°C. We established the presence in the aging products of the ordered phasesϕ 1 (CaZr4O9),ϕ (Ca2Zr7O16), andϕ 2 (Ca6Zr19O44).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01295034
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mullite-alumina refractories with combined nitride-containing binders (1994)
    Springer
    Refractories and industrial ceramics 35 (1994), S. 184-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9139
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Formation of a combined nitride-containing binder for mullite-alumina refractories is studied. An optimal combination is found to consist of 80% crystalline silicon, 10% silicon carbide, and 10% aluminum, magnium, or zirconium oxide. Mullite-alumina refractories with selected binders showed high resistance to the effects of slag, alkali, and iron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02307155
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quality enhancement of refractories the bosh and lower stack of blast furnaces (1979)
    Springer
    Refractories and industrial ceramics 20 (1979), S. 165-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9139
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions Impregnation of blast-furnace aluminosilicate refractories with carbon-containing substance makes their structure more compact and greatly enhances the quality. The open porosity of the impregnated specimens decreases by 42–47 rel.%, the gas permeability is reduced, the compressive stress (in the cold) is increased by a factor of 1.5–2, the onset temperature of deformation under a load of 2 kgf/cm2 is raised by 50–100°C, the slag resistance is increased by a factor of 2–4 (depending on the amount of coke residue), the alkali resistance is enhanced owing to the presence of coke residue, which, by blocking off the chamotte grains from the active reagents (K2O, Na2O), promotes formation of more refractory mineral compositions in the form of large crystals of mullite andβ-alumina, cemented by refractory glass of presumably nepheline composition. This enhancement of the refractory properties as a result of impregnation with carbon-containing substance will increase the resistance of the lining of the lower stack and the bosh of blast furnaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01293037
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the production methods and the properties of corundum suspensions (1985)
    Springer
    Refractories and industrial ceramics 26 (1985), S. 651-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9139
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions A comparative evaluation of the methods of obtaining corundum suspensions with a glass phase was conducted. Three methods were studied: dry milling in a metallic vibrational mill followed by a HCl wash to remove the iron contaminant and subsequent suspension; suspension of a powder dry-milled in a vibrational mill having a corundum lining; and additional wet milling in an acidic medium using a corundum-lined ball mill. It was established that wet milling of alumina with a glass phase in an acidic medium permits one to obtain castings having a strength twice higher after removing from the mold and 25–30 times higher after drying. In this case, the duration of the slip preparation processes decreases considerably. The strength of the castings made from the wet-milled alumina increases rapidly with decreasing moisture content in them (hydraulic setting) in contrast to the strength of the castings obtained from the alumina powder that was dry milled in a metallic vibrational mill and acid-washed. This makes it possible to carry out machining of the dry unfinished product using diamonds and to decrease the number of rejections of intricate products by 30–35%. It was shown that the increased strength of the castings obtained according to the third method is due to the retention (realization) of the binding properties of aluminum chlorides formed during the process of milling in the acidic medium and due to the formation of calcium hydrosilicates in the system. The structure and the properties of the ceramics based on the castings obtained according to different methods are very close to each other.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01389987
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