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  • Springer  (229)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • 1985-1989  (235)
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Years
Year
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of cimetidine on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and alpha1-adrenoceptor responsiveness of trimazosin in man (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 301-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: trimazosin ; cimetidine ; pharmacokinetics ; alpha-adrenoceptor antagonism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of cimetidine treatment on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of single doses of trimazosin was studied in 6 normotensive volunteers. Co-administration of cimetidine did not significantly affect the overall magnitude of the hypotensive effect of trimazosin. However, the time profile of the blood pressure response was significantly modified particularly with attenuation of the delayed component. Co-administration of cimetidine did not alter alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonism by trimazosin. There was no significant change in the clearnace and volume of distribution of trimazosin but there was a significant reduction in the area under the concentration-time curve for the metabolite, 1-hydroxytrimazosin. The reduction in the AUC of 1-hydroxy-trimazosin corresponds in time with the attenuation of the delayed hypotensive response. This is consistent with the suggestion that the delayed hypotensive response is related to an active metabolite, probably 1-hydroxytrimazosin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544084
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of effect of asymmetrical dosage timing of isosorbide-5-mononitrate on nitrate tolerance during long-term administration (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 139-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: isosorbide 5-mononitrate ; angina pectoris ; asymmetrical dosage timing ; tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Isosorbide 5-mononitrate is an active metabolite of isosorbide dinitrate and possesses many theoretical advantages over its parent drug. However, the development of partial tolerance has been demonstrated when the drug is given 12 hourly or 8 hourly. We have therefore evaluated the acute and sustained (2 weeks) effects of isosorbide-5-mononitrate 40 mg given twice daily (08.00 h and 14.00 h, allowing an 18-h dose-free period) in 19 patients with stable chronic angina, using computerized exercise testing and a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial protocol. There were two phases of 2 weeks each in which patients received placebo or active isosorbide-5-mononitrate. Acute testing was performed 2 h after the first dose and chronic testing 2 h after the morning dose on Day 14. Acute testing showed an increase in exercise time from a mean (SD) of 6.7 (2.2) min to 10.1 (2.95) min (P〈0.01) after a single dose of isosorbide-5-mononitrate 40 mg. The time to 1 mm of ST depression, and rest and peak exercise heart rates increased significantly during acute testing with isosorbide-5-mononitrate; resting and peak exercise systolic blood pressures fell significantly. Due to drop outs cross-over analysis was performed on 11 patients who completed both chronic phases and 13 patients were assessed for the comparison of acute isosorbide-5-mononitrate with chronic isosorbide-5-mononitrate. After 2 weeks of therapy exercise time did not show a sustained increase 8.01 (2.14) min chronic placebo to 8.58 (1.93) min chronic isosorbide-5-mononitrate. The improvement in ST segment variables seen acutely was not sustained. These data suggest that the attenuation of the effect of isosorbide-5-mononitrate due to partial tolerance is not mitigated by using an asymmetrical dose regimen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609185
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pharmacokinetics of low-dose dexamethasone in congenital adrenal hyperplasia (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 75-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: dexamethasone ; congenital adrenal hyperplasia ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone, given at low dose, were studied in 13 patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) to ascertain whether kinetics differed in this inherited disorder of cortisol metabolism from those seen in healthy individuals. Changes in plasma dexamethasone concentration after intravenous bolus, measured using a simple novel radioimmunoassay, were well described by a two-compartment open model with first-order kinetics. Values for λ2: 0.206 h−1, t1/2: 3.53 h, Vc: 24.41 and f: 0.64 were similar to those previously reported for normal subjects. There were considerable interindividual differences in parameter values and Cmaxp.o. (range 22–67 nmol/l). As suppression of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis correlates with plasma dexamethasone levels, this variability may partly explain the differing dose and dose schedule requirements necessary to achieve adequate therapeutic control in the clinical management of CAH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609429
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antisecretory effect and oral pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in patients with chronic renal failure (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 28 (1985), S. 637-640 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: omeprazole ; renal failure ; gastric secretion ; pharmacokinetics ; haemodialysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The inhibitory effect of omeprazole on gastric acid secretion was tested in a group of patients on haemodialysis for chronic renal failure. Single 30 mg doses almost totally inhibited basal acid output on both dialysis and non-dialysis days. Plateau acid output was reduced by a mean of 77% and 90% on non-dialysis and dialysis days respectively. The absorption and pharmacokinetic profile of omeprazole were not affected by dialysis. Omeprazole was not recoverable from dialysis fluid. It is concluded that omeprazole is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in patients with chronic renal failure, and its effect is not influenced by haemodialysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00607907
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of watershed characteristics to select control streams for estimating effects of metal mining wastes on extensively disturbed streams (1985)
    Springer
    Environmental management 9 (1985), S. 253-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Control streams ; Watershed classification ; Regional patterns ; Ecological integrity ; Water quality ; Physical habitat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Impacts of sediments and heavy metals on the biota of streams in the copper-mining district of southwestern Montana were examined by comparing aquatic communities of impacted streams with those of control streams. Control streams were chosen through the use of a technique that identifies similar streams based on similarities in their watershed characteristics. Significant differences between impacted and control sites existed for surface substrate, riparian vegetation, and the number of macroinvertebrate taxa. These results revealed that: (a) chemical and physical habitats at the impacted sites were disrupted, (b) the presence of trout was an inadequate measure of ecological integrity for these sites, and (c) watershed classification based on a combination of mapped terrestrial characteristics provided a reasonable method to select control sites where potential control sites upstream and downstream were unsuitable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01867081
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute haemodynamic effects of different doses of alifedrine in congestive heart failure (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 335-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: alifedrine ; congestive heart failure ; inotropic agents ; beta-agonists ; vasodilators ; haemodynamic effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The haemodynamic effects of single oral doses of alifedrine 40 mg, 50 mg, 60 mg and placebo were compared in 30 patients with mild to moderate heart failure. Individual patients received either alifedrine 60 mg and placebo (15 patients) or alifedrine 40 mg and 50 mg (15 patients). All doses of alifedrine produced qualitatively similar haemodynamic responses, with maximum changes between 90 and 180 min after drug administration. The cardiac index was increased by +39%, +57% and +50% by 40 mg, 50 mg and 60 mg, respectively. The increases were due to rises in stroke volume index (SVI) and in heart rate of +15%, +20% and +23%. Mean arterial blood pressure fell in a dose-related fashion, with a maximum fall of 11% by 120 min after 60 mg. The systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) fell by 28%, 39% and 41%, and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) by 32%, 44% and 32% after 40 mg, 50 mg and 60 mg, respectively. The optimum dose appears to be 40 mg, which caused very little fall in blood pressure or increase in heart rate, yet significantly improved cardiac output. Alifedrine may have a place in the treatment of heart failure as an oral by active, positive inotropic agent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558291
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional reference sites: a method for assessing stream potentials (1986)
    Springer
    Environmental management 10 (1986), S. 629-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Aquatic ecosystems ; Aquatic ecoregions ; Control sites ; Stream classification ; Land classification ; Water body standards
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Field assessments of impacted streams require a control or at least an unbiased estimate of attainable conditions. Control sites, such as upstream/downstream or wilderness sites, have proven inadequate for assessing attainable ecological conditions where the control streams differ naturally from the impacted streams to a considerable degree or where different disturbances exist than those being studied. Relatively undisturbed reference sites with watersheds in areas having the same land-surface form, soil, potential natural vegetation, and land use as are predominant in large, relatively homogeneous regions are suggested as alternative control sites. These areas are considered typical of the region and therefore the sites also are considered typical of the region because their watersheds exhibit all the terrestrial variables that make that region a region. The logical basis for developing regional reference sites lies in the ability to group watersheds and common stream types into regions by integrating available maps of terrestrial variables that influence streams. Relatively undisturbed reference sites can be selected from typical areas of the regions and from transition zones where one or two of the terrestrial variables are not the predominant one(s) of the region. These reference sites are useful for estimating attainable conditions, for evaluating temporal and spatial changes in ecological integrity, for classifying attainable uses of streams, and for setting biological and environmental criteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01866767
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new family of stable elements for nearly incompressible elasticity based on a mixed Petrov-Galerkin finite element formulation (1988)
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 53 (1988), S. 123-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS):65N30 ; CR: G1.8
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary Adding to the classical Hellinger Reissner formulation another residual form of the equilibrium equation, a new Petrov-Galerkin finite element method is derived. It fits within the framework of a mixed finite element method and is proved to be stable for rather general combinations of stress and displacement interpolations, including equal-order discontinuous stress and continuous displacement interpolations which are unstable within the Galerkin approach. Error estimates are presented using the Babuška-Brezzi theory and numerical results confirm these estimates as well as the good accuracy and stability of the method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01395881
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tidal rhythms in activity in the intertidal gastropodPolinices incei (Philippi) (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of ethology 5 (1987), S. 125-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-5444
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract When removed into the laboratory, the intertidal snailPolinices incei, retains a tidal rhythm in activity for several days when maintained under conditions of constant light. There is, in addition, a gradual decline in activity following collection and a batch to batch effect of some note. When a 12∶12 light regime is maintained there is apparent also a c. 24 h rhythm in activity which may supercede the tidal one under some circumstances. The simplest explanation of the results is that there exist both tidal and diel rhythms. These results are compared with those observed by others for a variety of marine organisms, the adaptiveness of the behaviour pattern is discussed, and the implications of the work for further behavioural studies is explored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02349944
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of a poly(vinylidene fluoride) macromonomer (1986)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 16 (1986), S. 481-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Methacrylate-type poly(vinylidene fluoride) macromonomer was synthesized from vinylidene fluoride via hydroxy-ended poly(vinylidene fluoride). The macromonomer copolymerized easily with methyl methacrylate, but homopolymerization did not proceed completely.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00255216
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