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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of mixtures of glucose and formate on the yield and respiration of a chemostat culture of Beneckea natriegens (1981)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 129 (1981), S. 119-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Beneckea natriegens ; Glucose formate ; Yields
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Beneckea natriegens oxidizes sodium formate constitutively when grown on glucose or glycerol in chemostat culture, but cannot utilize formate as the sole source of carbon and energy for growth. However, when grown on a mixture of glucose and formate (D=0.37 h-1, pH 7.6) the yield is higher than on glucose alone. The yield, expressed in terms of g bacterial dry weight g-1 glucose plus formate carbon utilized, gave a linear relationship when plotted against the total heat of combustion of glucose plus formate utilized. Extrapolation of the plot cut the abscissa at a value equivalent to the heat of combustion of formate, which suggests that formate is not utilised as a source of carbon but only energy. In cultures with nitrate as the sole source of nitrogen the yield from glucose was lower than that observed with ammonia but the addition of formate to the culture utilizing nitrate resulted in an increase in the yield from glucose to a value similar to that observed with ammonia. At a culture pH value of 7.65 unused formate (〈0.15–227 mM) in the culture supernatant had no effect on respiration spiration or yield, but at a culture pH of 6.7 excess formate caused a marked increase in respiration rate and a large decrease in the yield from glucose; further decrease in the pH value caused washout of the culture. This may be explained by undissociated formic acid causing uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00455345
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The occurrence and identification of intracellular polyglucose storage granules inMethylococcus NCIB 11083 grown in chemostat culture on methane (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 117 (1978), S. 41-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Methylococcus ; Methane ; Chemostat ; Ammonia limitation ; Intracellular polyglucose
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The accumulation of intracellular storage granules (0.03–0.5 μm) byMethylococcus NCIB 11083 when grown under conditions of ammonia limitation with methane as the sole source of carbon and energy was inversely proportional to the dilution rate. The isolated material was composed entirely of glucose residues and the infra-red spectrum exhibited characteristic absorption bands at 925 cm-1, 845 cm-1 and 745±4 cm-1, indicating the presence of α (1→4) glycosidic linkages. The polymer dissolved in hot water to give an opalescent solution that formed a violet iodine complex with an absorption maximum at 550 nm, identical to that observed with reference amylopectin. The percentage of the polysaccharide released as maltose by the action of β- and α-amylases was 55–64% and 80–90% respectively, values very similar to those obtained by the action of these enzymes on reference amylopectin and glycogen. Methylation analysis indicated that the average interior and exterior chain lengths of the polymer were 2.7 and 10.0 glucose units respectively and confirmed that theMethylococcus polyglucose is a branched polymer composed of units joined by 1→4 and 1→6 linkages. The number average molecular weight of the polymer is 2–4.5×105. The stored polymer was metabolised by the organism and its metabolism resulted in the synthesis of protein.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689349
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Respiratory and calcium transport properties of spiny lobster hepatopancreas mitochondria
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 224 (1983), S. 707-717 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-9861
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(83)90259-X
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isolation and characterization of the mitochondrial DNA from the Florida spiny lobster, Panulirus argus
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part B: Biochemistry and 73 (1982), S. 923-929 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-0491
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0305-0491(82)90338-8
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Local structure of guest molecules in gas hydrates – a model study of Kr and Xe clathrates (2001)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 8 (2001), S. 972-974 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Gas hydrates constitute a class of solids in which small molecules occupy cavities inside an ice-like structure. There is enormous scientific and technological interest in understanding the structure, stability and formation mechanism of clathrates. A variable-temperature high-pressure cell for X-rays measurements has been developed and constructed, which allows in situ studies of clathrate formation or decomposition. XAFS and diffraction techniques have been used to study the evolution of the structure during formation and decomposition. Two clathrates structures were studied, structure I (Xe) and structure II (Kr), and the local structure around the guest atom was identified. The rare gas-water complexes that act as precursor to the formation of the crystalline phases were identified. The transformation of the clathrate from structure II to structure I when Xe is added to Kr clathrates was observed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049500013686
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The relationship between the energetic efficiency in different micro-organisms and the rate and type of metabolite overproduced (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 4 (1989), S. 85-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Metabolite overproduction ; ATP/O quotient ; ATP turnover ; Energetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary Data regarding the degree of energy conservation as determined by the $$Y_{O_2 }^{\max } $$ and the highest rates of metabolite production reported for various micro-organisms have been collated and analysed. The results have indicated that the highest rates of metabolite production occur in micro-organisms possessing low efficiencies of energy conservation. Moreover, in the case of exopolysaccharide production the oxidation state of the polymer is inversely related to the $$Y_{O_2 }^{\max } $$ value of the producing organism. In general, the rate of ATP turnover associated with exopolysaccharide production or the potential rate associated with over-production of other metabolites is inversely related to the $$Y_{O_2 }^{\max } $$ value of the producing organism. Analysis of current production rates for a range of metabolites suggests that there is scope for major improvements of existing processes by careful selection of appropriate micro-organisms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569792
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    High-pressure perovskites on the join CaTiO3-FeTiO3 (1995)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 22 (1995), S. 251-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract An exploratory high-pressure study of the join CaTiO3-FeTiO3 has uncovered two intermediate perovskites with the compositions CaFe3Ti4O12 and CaFeTi2O6. These perovskites have ordering of Ca2+ and Fe2+ on the A sites. Both of these perovskites are unusual in that the A sites containing Fe2+ are either square planar or tetrahedral, due to the particular tilt geometries of the octahedral frameworks. For CaFe3Ti4O12, the structure has been refined from a powder using the Rietveld technique. This compound is a cubic double perovskite (SG Im $$\bar 3$$ , a = 7.4672 Å), isostructural with NaMn7O12. Fe2+ is in a square-planar A site (similar to Mn3+ in NaMn7O12) with Fe-O = 2.042(3) Å, with distant second neighbors in a rectangle at Fe-O = 2.780(6) Å. Calcium is in a distorted icosahedron with Ca-O =2.635(5) Å. CaFeTi2O6 crystallizes in a unique tetragonal double perovskite structure (SG P42/nmc, a = 7.5157(2), c = 7.5548(2)), with A-site iron in square-planar (Fe-O = 2.097(2) Å) and tetrahedral (Fe-O = 2.084(2) Å) coordination, again with distant second neighbor oxygens near 2.8 Å. Rietveld refinement was also performed for the previously known perovskite-related form of FeTiO3 recovered from high pressure (lithium niobate type). This compound is trigonal R3c, with a = 5.1233(1) and c = 13.7602(2). The ordered perovskites appear to be stable at 1215 GPa and CaFe3Ti4O12 is found as low as 5 GPa. Thus these perovskites may be important to upper mantle mineralogy, particularly in kimberlites. These compounds are the first known quenchable perovskites with large amounts of A-site ferrous iron, and add greatly to the known occurrences of ferrous iron in perovskites.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202258
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Product formation by a nitrogen limited culture of Beneckea natriegensin a chemostat in the presence of excess glucose (1984)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 19 (1984), S. 139-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00302456
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Product formation by a nitrogen limited culture of Beneckea natriegens in a chemostat in the presence of excess glucose (1983)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 18 (1983), S. 24-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary Beneckea natriegens was grown in continuous culture at various growth rates under nitrogen limitation in the presence of excess unmetabolised glucose. The bacterial protein content (% dry weight) varied significantly with growth rate, but as the absolute amount of bacterial protein in the culture was independent of growth rate the latter was used in the calculation of kinetic data instead of bacterial dry weight. Under carbon-excess conditions glucose was overmetabolised to extracellular products and a maximum yield of 0.53 g product C·g−1 glucose C was observed at D=0.04 h−1. The yield of soluble metabolic products decreased and the yield of cells increased with increasing growth rate. Although the rate of total product carbon production increased with growth rate, the concentration of products decreased with growth rate. Oxoglutarate and ethanol were the two major products identified and at D=0.04 h−1 accounted for 53% of the product carbon. Ethanol was produced under fully aerobic conditions and its rate of production was independent of growth rate, as observed for oxoglutarate. Although the yield of products was high at low growth rate (Yp=0.53 gC·g−1C at D=0.04 h−1) the rate of glucose uptake expressed under these conditions was only a fraction of the maximum uptake rate capable by the organism. Surprisingly, under carbon-excess conditions the respiration rate was tightly controlled as the YO2 of both carbon limited and excess cultures were virtually identical at all growth rates examined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00508125
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The consequence of stimulating glucose dehydrogenase activity by the addition of PQQ on metabolite production by Agrobacterium radiobacter NCIB 11883 (1987)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 25 (1987), S. 357-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary Agrobacterium radiobacter NCIB 11 883 does not produce gluconate under conditions of glucose excess in batch or continuous culture. However, the addition of micromolar concentrations of pyrrolo quinoline quinone (PQQ) to fermentation media resulted in rapid excretion of gluconate by batch and continuous cultures. This rapid dehydrogenation of glucose was found in cells grown under carbon and nitrogen limitation and is constitutive which suggests that the only reason why this activity is not normally expressed is due to the inability of the organism to synthesize the prosthetic group (PQQ) of the glucose dehydrogenase enzyme. Although the addition of PQQ to batch and continuous cultures caused a very rapid specific rate of gluconate production (0.6–1.1 g gluconate g-1 dry wt. h-1) the rate of exopolysaccharide production remained unaltered. Indeed, when the rates of substrate and oxygen uptake are corrected for the rate of gluconate production in the presence of PQQ there appears to be little physiological consequence as a result of this oxidation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00252547
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