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  • 1
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    Prometheus: Io's wandering plume (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-05-20
    Description: Unlike any volcanic behavior ever observed on Earth, the plume from Prometheus on Io has wandered 75 to 95 kilometers west over the last 20 years since it was first discovered by Voyager and more recently observed by Galileo. Despite the source motion, the geometric and optical properties of the plume have remained constant. We propose that this can be explained by vaporization of a sulfur dioxide and/or sulfur "snowfield" over which a lava flow is moving. Eruption of a boundary-layer slurry through a rootless conduit with sonic conditions at the intake of the melted snow can account for the constancy of plume properties.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kieffer, S W -- Lopes-Gautier, R -- McEwen, A -- Smythe, W -- Keszthelyi, L -- Carlson, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 May 19;288(5469):1204-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉S. W. Kieffer Science Consulting, Inc., 6 Queen Street, Suite 206, Post Office Box 520, Bolton, ON L7E 5T4, Canada. skieffer@geyser.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10817989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cold Temperature ; Entropy ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Hot Temperature ; Ice ; *Jupiter ; Models, Chemical ; Snow ; Spacecraft ; *Volcanic Eruptions
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Early views of the martian surface from the Mars Orbiter Camera of Mars Global Surveyor (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-03-28
    Description: High-resolution images of the martian surface at scales of a few meters show ubiquitous erosional and depositional eolian landforms. Dunes, sandsheets, and drifts are prevalent and exhibit a range of morphology, composition (inferred from albedo), and age (as seen in occurrences of different dune orientations at the same location). Steep walls of topographic depressions such as canyons, valleys, and impact craters show the martian crust to be stratified at scales of a few tens of meters. The south polar layered terrain and superposed permanent ice cap display diverse surface textures that may reflect the complex interplay of volatile and non-volatile components. Low resolution regional views of the planet provide synoptic observations of polar cap retreat, condensate clouds, and the lifecycle of local and regional dust storms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malin, M C -- Carr, M H -- Danielson, G E -- Davies, M E -- Hartmann, W K -- Ingersoll, A P -- James, P B -- Masursky, H -- McEwen, A S -- Soderblom, L A -- Thomas, P -- Veverka, J -- Caplinger, M A -- Ravine, M A -- Soulanille, T A -- Warren, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Mar 13;279(5357):1681-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Malin Space Science Systems, Post Office Box 910148, San Diego, CA 92191-0148, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9497280" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carbon Dioxide ; *Extraterrestrial Environment ; Ice ; *Mars ; Spacecraft
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Rapid and extensive surface changes near Titan's equator: evidence of April showers (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-19
    Description: Although there is evidence that liquids have flowed on the surface at Titan's equator in the past, to date, liquids have only been confirmed on the surface at polar latitudes, and the vast expanses of dunes that dominate Titan's equatorial regions require a predominantly arid climate. We report the detection by Cassini's Imaging Science Subsystem of a large low-latitude cloud system early in Titan's northern spring and extensive surface changes (spanning more than 500,000 square kilometers) in the wake of this storm. The changes are most consistent with widespread methane rainfall reaching the surface, which suggests that the dry channels observed at Titan's low latitudes are carved by seasonal precipitation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Turtle, E P -- Perry, J E -- Hayes, A G -- Lorenz, R D -- Barnes, J W -- McEwen, A S -- West, R A -- Del Genio, A D -- Barbara, J M -- Lunine, J I -- Schaller, E L -- Ray, T L -- Lopes, R M C -- Stofan, E R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 18;331(6023):1414-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1201063.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA. elizabeth.turtle@jhuapl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21415347" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Methane ; *Saturn ; Spacecraft
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Seasonal flows on warm Martian slopes (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-06
    Description: Water probably flowed across ancient Mars, but whether it ever exists as a liquid on the surface today remains debatable. Recurring slope lineae (RSL) are narrow (0.5 to 5 meters), relatively dark markings on steep (25 degrees to 40 degrees ) slopes; repeat images from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment show them to appear and incrementally grow during warm seasons and fade in cold seasons. They extend downslope from bedrock outcrops, often associated with small channels, and hundreds of them form in some rare locations. RSL appear and lengthen in the late southern spring and summer from 48 degrees S to 32 degrees S latitudes favoring equator-facing slopes, which are times and places with peak surface temperatures from ~250 to 300 kelvin. Liquid brines near the surface might explain this activity, but the exact mechanism and source of water are not understood.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McEwen, Alfred S -- Ojha, Lujendra -- Dundas, Colin M -- Mattson, Sarah S -- Byrne, Shane -- Wray, James J -- Cull, Selby C -- Murchie, Scott L -- Thomas, Nicolas -- Gulick, Virginia C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 5;333(6043):740-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1204816.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. mcewen@lpl.arizona.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21817049" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Mars ; Salts ; Seasons ; Spacecraft ; Temperature ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Cassini Imaging Science: initial results on Phoebe and Iapetus (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-26
    Description: The Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem acquired high-resolution imaging data on the outer Saturnian moon, Phoebe, during Cassini's close flyby on 11 June 2004 and on Iapetus during a flyby on 31 December 2004. Phoebe has a heavily cratered and ancient surface, shows evidence of ice near the surface, has distinct layering of different materials, and has a mean density that is indicative of an ice-rock mixture. Iapetus's dark leading side (Cassini Regio) is ancient, heavily cratered terrain bisected by an equatorial ridge system that reaches 20 kilometers relief. Local albedo variations within and bordering Cassini Regio suggest mass wasting of ballistically deposited material, the origin of which remains unknown.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Porco, C C -- Baker, E -- Barbara, J -- Beurle, K -- Brahic, A -- Burns, J A -- Charnoz, S -- Cooper, N -- Dawson, D D -- Del Genio, A D -- Denk, T -- Dones, L -- Dyudina, U -- Evans, M W -- Giese, B -- Grazier, K -- Helfenstein, P -- Ingersoll, A P -- Jacobson, R A -- Johnson, T V -- McEwen, A -- Murray, C D -- Neukum, G -- Owen, W M -- Perry, J -- Roatsch, T -- Spitale, J -- Squyres, S -- Thomas, P C -- Tiscareno, M -- Turtle, E -- Vasavada, A R -- Veverka, J -- Wagner, R -- West, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 25;307(5713):1237-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cassini Imaging Central Laboratory for Operations, Space Science Institute, 4750 Walnut Street, Suite 205, Boulder, CO 80301, USA. carolyn@ciclops.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731440" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Extraterrestrial Environment ; Geologic Sediments ; Ice ; *Saturn ; Spacecraft ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Cassini Imaging Science: initial results on Saturn's atmosphere (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-26
    Description: The Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) began observing Saturn in early February 2004. From analysis of cloud motions through early October 2004, we report vertical wind shear in Saturn's equatorial jet and a maximum wind speed of approximately 375 meters per second, a value that differs from both Hubble Space Telescope and Voyager values. We also report a particularly active narrow southern mid-latitude region in which dark ovals are observed both to merge with each other and to arise from the eruptions of large, bright storms. Bright storm eruptions are correlated with Saturn's electrostatic discharges, which are thought to originate from lightning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Porco, C C -- Baker, E -- Barbara, J -- Beurle, K -- Brahic, A -- Burns, J A -- Charnoz, S -- Cooper, N -- Dawson, D D -- Del Genio, A D -- Denk, T -- Dones, L -- Dyudina, U -- Evans, M W -- Giese, B -- Grazier, K -- Helfenstein, P -- Ingersoll, A P -- Jacobson, R A -- Johnson, T V -- McEwen, A -- Murray, C D -- Neukum, G -- Owen, W M -- Perry, J -- Roatsch, T -- Spitale, J -- Squyres, S -- Thomas, P -- Tiscareno, M -- Turtle, E -- Vasavada, A R -- Veverka, J -- Wagner, R -- West, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 25;307(5713):1243-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cassini Imaging Central Laboratory for Operations, Space Science Institute, 4750 Walnut Street, Suite 205, Boulder, CO 80301, USA. carolyn@ciclops.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731441" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Saturn ; Spacecraft ; Wind
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    A 5-micron-bright spot on Titan: evidence for surface diversity (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-08
    Description: Observations from the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer show an anomalously bright spot on Titan located at 80 degrees W and 20 degrees S. This area is bright in reflected light at all observed wavelengths, but is most noticeable at 5 microns. The spot is associated with a surface albedo feature identified in images taken by the Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem. We discuss various hypotheses about the source of the spot, reaching the conclusion that the spot is probably due to variation in surface composition, perhaps associated with recent geophysical phenomena.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, Jason W -- Brown, Robert H -- Turtle, Elizabeth P -- McEwen, Alfred S -- Lorenz, Ralph D -- Janssen, Michael -- Schaller, Emily L -- Brown, Michael E -- Buratti, Bonnie J -- Sotin, Christophe -- Griffith, Caitlin -- Clark, Roger -- Perry, Jason -- Fussner, Stephanie -- Barbara, John -- West, Richard -- Elachi, Charles -- Bouchez, Antonin H -- Roe, Henry G -- Baines, Kevin H -- Bellucci, Giancarlo -- Bibring, Jean-Pierre -- Capaccioni, Fabrizio -- Cerroni, Priscilla -- Combes, Michel -- Coradini, Angioletta -- Cruikshank, Dale P -- Drossart, Pierre -- Formisano, Vittorio -- Jaumann, Ralf -- Langevin, Yves -- Matson, Dennis L -- McCord, Thomas B -- Nicholson, Phillip D -- Sicardy, Bruno -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):92-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. jbarnes@lpl.arizona.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; Dry Ice ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Ice ; Methane ; *Saturn ; Spacecraft ; Spectrum Analysis ; Temperature ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Cassini observes the active south pole of Enceladus (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-11
    Description: Cassini has identified a geologically active province at the south pole of Saturn's moon Enceladus. In images acquired by the Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS), this region is circumscribed by a chain of folded ridges and troughs at approximately 55 degrees S latitude. The terrain southward of this boundary is distinguished by its albedo and color contrasts, elevated temperatures, extreme geologic youth, and narrow tectonic rifts that exhibit coarse-grained ice and coincide with the hottest temperatures measured in the region. Jets of fine icy particles that supply Saturn's E ring emanate from this province, carried aloft by water vapor probably venting from subsurface reservoirs of liquid water. The shape of Enceladus suggests a possible intense heating epoch in the past by capture into a 1:4 secondary spin/orbit resonance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Porco, C C -- Helfenstein, P -- Thomas, P C -- Ingersoll, A P -- Wisdom, J -- West, R -- Neukum, G -- Denk, T -- Wagner, R -- Roatsch, T -- Kieffer, S -- Turtle, E -- McEwen, A -- Johnson, T V -- Rathbun, J -- Veverka, J -- Wilson, D -- Perry, J -- Spitale, J -- Brahic, A -- Burns, J A -- Delgenio, A D -- Dones, L -- Murray, C D -- Squyres, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Mar 10;311(5766):1393-401.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cassini Imaging Central Laboratory for Operations, Space Science Institute, 4750 Walnut Street, Suite 205, Boulder, CO 80301, USA. carolyn@ciclops.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16527964" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Extraterrestrial Environment/chemistry ; *Saturn ; Spacecraft ; Spectrum Analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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