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  • 1
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    Galileo at Io: results from high-resolution imaging (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-05-20
    Description: During late 1999/early 2000, the solid state imaging experiment on the Galileo spacecraft returned more than 100 high-resolution (5 to 500 meters per pixel) images of volcanically active Io. We observed an active lava lake, an active curtain of lava, active lava flows, calderas, mountains, plateaus, and plains. Several of the sulfur dioxide-rich plumes are erupting from distal flows, rather than from the source of silicate lava (caldera or fissure, often with red pyroclastic deposits). Most of the active flows in equatorial regions are being emplaced slowly beneath insulated crust, but rapidly emplaced channelized flows are also found at all latitudes. There is no evidence for high-viscosity lava, but some bright flows may consist of sulfur rather than mafic silicates. The mountains, plateaus, and calderas are strongly influenced by tectonics and gravitational collapse. Sapping channels and scarps suggest that many portions of the upper approximately 1 kilometer are rich in volatiles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McEwen, A S -- Belton, M J -- Breneman, H H -- Fagents, S A -- Geissler, P -- Greeley, R -- Head, J W -- Hoppa, G -- Jaeger, W L -- Johnson, T V -- Keszthelyi, L -- Klaasen, K P -- Lopes-Gautier, R -- Magee, K P -- Milazzo, M P -- Moore, J M -- Pappalardo, R T -- Phillips, C B -- Radebaugh, J -- Schubert, G -- Schuster, P -- Simonelli, D P -- Sullivan, R -- Thomas, P C -- Turtle, E P -- Williams, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 May 19;288(5469):1193-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10817986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Extraterrestrial Environment ; Geological Phenomena ; Geology ; Image Enhancement ; *Jupiter ; *Space Flight ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; *Volcanic Eruptions
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    A close-up look at Io from Galileo's near-infrared mapping spectrometer (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-05-20
    Description: Infrared spectral images of Jupiter's volcanic moon Io, acquired during the October and November 1999 and February 2000 flybys of the Galileo spacecraft, were used to study the thermal structure and sulfur dioxide distribution of active volcanoes. Loki Patera, the solar system's most powerful known volcano, exhibits large expanses of dark, cooling lava on its caldera floor. Prometheus, the site of long-lived plume activity, has two major areas of thermal emission, which support ideas of plume migration. Sulfur dioxide deposits were mapped at local scales and show a more complex relationship to surface colors than previously thought, indicating the presence of other sulfur compounds.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lopes-Gautier, R -- Doute, S -- Smythe, W D -- Kamp, L W -- Carlson, R W -- Davies, A G -- Leader, F E -- McEwen, A S -- Geissler, P E -- Kieffer, S W -- Keszthelyi, L -- Barbinis, E -- Mehlman, R -- Segura, M -- Shirley, J -- Soderblom, L A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 May 19;288(5469):1201-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10817988" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Extraterrestrial Environment ; Hot Temperature ; *Jupiter ; *Spacecraft ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared/methods ; Sunlight ; Temperature ; *Volcanic Eruptions
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Prometheus: Io's wandering plume (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-05-20
    Description: Unlike any volcanic behavior ever observed on Earth, the plume from Prometheus on Io has wandered 75 to 95 kilometers west over the last 20 years since it was first discovered by Voyager and more recently observed by Galileo. Despite the source motion, the geometric and optical properties of the plume have remained constant. We propose that this can be explained by vaporization of a sulfur dioxide and/or sulfur "snowfield" over which a lava flow is moving. Eruption of a boundary-layer slurry through a rootless conduit with sonic conditions at the intake of the melted snow can account for the constancy of plume properties.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kieffer, S W -- Lopes-Gautier, R -- McEwen, A -- Smythe, W -- Keszthelyi, L -- Carlson, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 May 19;288(5469):1204-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉S. W. Kieffer Science Consulting, Inc., 6 Queen Street, Suite 206, Post Office Box 520, Bolton, ON L7E 5T4, Canada. skieffer@geyser.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10817989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cold Temperature ; Entropy ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Hot Temperature ; Ice ; *Jupiter ; Models, Chemical ; Snow ; Spacecraft ; *Volcanic Eruptions
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    High-temperature silicate volcanism on Jupiter's moon Io (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-07-04
    Description: Infrared wavelength observations of Io by the Galileo spacecraft show that at least 12 different vents are erupting lavas that are probably hotter than the highest temperature basaltic eruptions on Earth today. In at least one case, the eruption near Pillan Patera, two independent instruments on Galileo show that the lava temperature must have exceeded 1700 kelvin and may have reached 2000 kelvin. The most likely explanation is that these lavas are ultramafic (magnesium-rich) silicates, and this idea is supported by the tentative identification of magnesium-rich orthopyroxene in lava flows associated with these high-temperature hot spots.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McEwen, A S -- Keszthelyi, L -- Spencer, J R -- Schubert, G -- Matson, D L -- Lopes-Gautier, R -- Klaasen, K P -- Johnson, T V -- Head, J W -- Geissler, P -- Fagents, S -- Davies, A G -- Carr, M H -- Breneman, H H -- Belton, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jul 3;281(5373):87-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lunar and Planetary Lab, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85711, USA. mcewen@lpl.arizona.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9651251" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Extraterrestrial Environment ; Hot Temperature ; *Jupiter ; Minerals ; *Silicates ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; Volcanic Eruptions
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    The mutation spectrum in genomic late replication domains shapes mammalian GC content (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-20
    Description: Genome sequence compositions and epigenetic organizations are correlated extensively across multiple length scales. Replication dynamics, in particular, is highly correlated with GC content. We combine genome-wide time of replication (ToR) data, topological domains maps and detailed functional epigenetic annotations to study the correlations between replication timing and GC content at multiple scales. We find that the decrease in genomic GC content at large scale late replicating regions can be explained by mutation bias favoring A/T nucleotide, without selection or biased gene conversion. Quantification of the free dNTP pool during the cell cycle is consistent with a mechanism involving replication-coupled mutation spectrum that favors AT nucleotides at late S-phase. We suggest that mammalian GC content composition is shaped by independent forces, globally modulating mutation bias and locally selecting on functional element. Deconvoluting these forces and analyzing them on their native scales is important for proper characterization of complex genomic correlations.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    A closer look at water-related geologic activity on Mars (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-09-22
    Description: Water has supposedly marked the surface of Mars and produced characteristic landforms. To understand the history of water on Mars, we take a close look at key locations with the High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, reaching fine spatial scales of 25 to 32 centimeters per pixel. Boulders ranging up to approximately 2 meters in diameter are ubiquitous in the middle to high latitudes, which include deposits previously interpreted as finegrained ocean sediments or dusty snow. Bright gully deposits identify six locations with very recent activity, but these lie on steep (20 degrees to 35 degrees) slopes where dry mass wasting could occur. Thus, we cannot confirm the reality of ancient oceans or water in active gullies but do see evidence of fluvial modification of geologically recent mid-latitude gullies and equatorial impact craters.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McEwen, A S -- Hansen, C J -- Delamere, W A -- Eliason, E M -- Herkenhoff, K E -- Keszthelyi, L -- Gulick, V C -- Kirk, R L -- Mellon, M T -- Grant, J A -- Thomas, N -- Weitz, C M -- Squyres, S W -- Bridges, N T -- Murchie, S L -- Seelos, F -- Seelos, K -- Okubo, C H -- Milazzo, M P -- Tornabene, L L -- Jaeger, W L -- Byrne, S -- Russell, P S -- Griffes, J L -- Martinez-Alonso, S -- Davatzes, A -- Chuang, F C -- Thomson, B J -- Fishbaugh, K E -- Dundas, C M -- Kolb, K J -- Banks, M E -- Wray, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 21;317(5845):1706-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. mcewen@lpl.arizona.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17885125" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Extraterrestrial Environment ; Geological Phenomena ; Geology ; *Mars ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orientation of membrane fragments by electric field
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Biomembranes 598 (1980), S. 429-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 0005-2736
    Keywords: Electric field ; Orientation ; Purple membrane
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0005-2736(80)90023-1
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge displacements during the photocycle of halorhodopsin
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 15 (1992), S. 299-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1011-1344
    Keywords: Halorhodopsin ; chloride transport. ; photocurrent ; photocycle
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/1011-1344(92)85136-I
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electric phenomena in dried chloroplasts
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 26 (1994), S. 37-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1011-1344
    Keywords: Charge motion ; Chloroplast ; Electric field on chloroplast ; Light gradient effect ; Polarization
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/1011-1344(94)85034-8
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoelectric responses in phototactic flagellated algae measured in cell suspension
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 13 (1992), S. 119-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1011-1344
    Keywords: Chlamydomonas ; Haematococcus ; Photoelectric response ; charge separation ; flagellated algae ; ion current ; light gradient ; mutants ; photophobic response ; phototaxis ; receptor potential ; regenerative response ; sensory transduction
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/1011-1344(92)85051-U
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