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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 41 (1990), S. 343-347 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Schutzwirkung von zwei Dampfphaseninhibitoren bei der Korrosion von StahlUntersucht wurde die Wirkung von zwei Dampfphaseninhibito-ren (Dicyclohexylammoniumnitrit (DICHAN) und Dicyclohexyl-amin (DICHAMIN)) bei der Korrosion von Stahl an der Atmosphäre (100% RF) unter isothermen Bedingungen (25 °C). Um an dünnen adsorbierten Feuchtigkeitsschichten elektrochemische Daten zu erhalten, wurde ein Dampfphaseninhibitor-Monitor entwickelt. Die Meßdaten wurden mit Hilfe von drei elektrochemischen Methoden und mittels Bildanalyse überprüft. Die Versuchsergebnisse zeigen, daß die Korrosion von Stahl durch die beiden Verbindungen gehemmt wird. Der verwendete Monitor in Verbindung mit den elektrochemischen Techniken ermöglicht die Deutung des Inhibierungsmechanismus.
    Notes: The action of two vapour phase inhibitors (VPI), dicyclohexyl-ammonium nitrite (DICHAN) and dicyclohexylamine (DICHAMIN), on the atmospheric corrosion of mild steel at a relative humidity of 100% and under isothermal conditions (25 °C) has been studied. In order to obtain electrochemical data with thin adsorbed moisture layers a vapour phase inhibitor monitor (VPIM) was developed. A check of the data was done by three electrochemical techniques and by the image analysis technique. The tests carried out have revealed that the corrosion rate of mild steel decreases in the presence of DICHAN and DICHAMIN. With the VPIM and the electrochemical techniques used it is possible to understand the inhibition mechanism of these two vapour inhibitors on the atmospheric corrosion of steel.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 46 (1995), S. 515-519 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Korrosion von Bronze durch Essig- und Ameisensäuredämpfe, Schwefeldioxyd und NatriumchloridpartikelVorliegende Arbeit behandelt die Korrosion von Bronze mit und ohne künstlicher Patina durch Essig- und Ameisensäuredämpfe, Schwefeldioxyd und Natriumchlorid bei relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit von 100%. Die eingesetzten Verfahren waren Gravimetrie, Röntgenstrahlenbeugungsanalyse, Infrarotanalyse und Rasterelektronenmikroskopie. Wie Schwefeldioxyd und Natriumchlorid erzeugen auch Essig- und Ameisensäuredämpfe auf Bronze eine starke Korrosion. Die wichtigsten identifizierten Bestandteile sind Cuprit, Kupferschwefel, hydratisiertes Kupfersulfat, Kupferazetat und Kupferformiat.
    Notes: This paper studies the corrosion of patinated and unpatinated bronze by acetic and formic acid vapours, sulphur dioxide and sodium chloride salt particles, at 100% relative humidity. Weight loss, X-ray diffraction, infrared and scanning electron microscopy were the techniques used. Acetic and formic acid vapours, sulphur dioxide and sodium chloride produce a high corrosion rate on bronze. In general, no protective effect was found by the patina on bronze. The principal compounds identified were Cu2O, Cu2S, Cu5(SO4)2(OH)6 · 5H2O, Cu(CH3CO2)2 · XH2O and Cu(HCO2)2.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Resultate von Untersuchungen über die chemische Wechselwirkung zwischen einigen monofunktionellen Modellverbindungen, die die Struktur und Reaktivität von wärmehärtbaren Phenol- und Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harzen simulieren, mit Holzkomponenten (Hemicellulosen, Cellulose und Lignin) werden dargelegt. Während Hemicellulosen deutlich dazu neigen, Kondensationsprodukte mit diesen Modellverbindungen zu ergeben, reagieren Lignine in manchen Fällen weniger leicht und abhängig davon, durch welchen Prozeß sie gewonnen worden sind, und abhängig von der Art der Modellverbindung. Cellulose reagierte wegen ihrer Kristallinität nicht unter den gegebenen Bedingungen.
    Notes: Results are presented on the chemical interactions occurring when some monofunctional model compounds simulating the structure and reactivity of thermosetting phenol- and urea-formaldehyde resins are mixed with wood components (hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignins). Whereas hemicelluloses clearly show a propensity to give condensation products with these model compounds, lignins can react less readily in some instances depending on the delignification procedure used to isolate them and on the type of model compound. Cellulose did not react under the conditions chosen, mostly because of its crystalline character.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The chloromethylated polystyrenes bearing tetrathiafulvalenylcarbonyloxymethyl groups can be oxidized. We have shown that ion radical salts are obtained from these polymers and carbon tetrabromide after irradiation with UV light. Charge transfer complexes were prepared by mixing these polymers and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone. The possible presence of sulfoxides as a result of oxidation of some tetrathiafulvalene units could explain the difficulties we have observed to filter solutions of these polymers.
    Notes: Les polystyrènes chlorométhylés renfermant des radicaux tétrathiafulvalénylcarbonyloxyméthyles peuvent être oxydés. Ainsi la formation de sels d'ions radicaux obtenus à partir de ces polymères et de tétrabromure de carbone, irradiés sous UV, a été mise en évidence. Des complexes de transfert de charge ont été préparés en mettant en présence ces polymères et de la 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone. La présence de sulfoxydes non décelés et résultant de l'oxydation de certaines unités de tetrathiafulvalène contenus dans ces polymères pourrait expliquer les problèmes rencontrés lors de la filtration de leurs solutions.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Testosterone thiosemicarbazone ; Immunology ; Adsorptive stripping voltammetry ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electroanalytical behavior of testosterone thiosemicarbazone (TT) has been investigated by linear sweep and differential pulse voltammetry with and without adsorptive preconcentration on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). The adsorptive stripping response has been evaluated with respect to preconcentration time and potential, drop size, scan rate, and other variables. Measurement of a selected reduction wave enables the determination of TT in the μg L-1 range, with a detection limit of 100 ng L-1 (10 min preconcentration time). The determination can also be carried out in a urine/aqueous NaClO4 (2/8) medium. The immunological interaction of TT with the testosterone specific antibody can be electrochemically monitored via the decrease in the reduction wave, as described previously. This property is discussed as a tool for the determination of testosterone and its specific antibody by competitive immunoassay with amperometric detection in real matrices such as urine.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 23 (1957), S. 345-354 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The solution behavior of polyglucoses prepared by the acid catalyzed polycondensation of Pacsu and Mora is discussed. According to this method glucose enters the polycondensation through the hemiacetal hydroxyl joining any of the other hydroxyls of a second glucose unit. Branching occurs up to the functionality of glucose but infinite network is not formed since the branching probability can only approach but never reach unity. The resulting polyglucose is a highly branched spherical molecule, readily soluble in water. Each polyglucose molecule contains one unreacted glucosidic hydroxyl in accordance with the suggested polycondensation scheme, as the agreement between osmotic and reducing end group number-average molecular weights indicate. The intrinsic viscosity is very low ([η] = 0.08 at Mw 100,000) and increases only slightly with the weight-average molecular weight, suggesting that the molecule is highly branched: a double logarithmic plot of [η] against Mw has a downward curvature and does not follow the straight line with a slope of 0.50, valid for linear molecules. Periodate oxidation data indicate that fractionation occurs not only by molecular weight but also by the extent of branching, and the lower molecular weight products appear to have relatively less branching.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 795-799 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Poly(vinyl benzyl chloride) latex was reacted with ethanolamine and with amine terminated chain molecules containing up to 33 ethylene oxide residues. The kinetics of these reactions were essentially independent of the length of the chain carrying the amine group. An increasing length of the chains bound to the surface of the latex particles produced an increasing latex stabilization.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In order to conserve high contrast while improving the sensitivity of microlithographic resins made up of polystyrene bearing tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) units, we prepared new polystyrenes containing tetrathiafulvalenylcarbonyloxymethyl groups which are methylated or non-methylated. The polymers were synthesized by reaction of poly[styrene-co-(p-chloromethyl-styrene)] with the corresponding caesium tetrathiafulvalenecarboxylate. To optimize this grafting reaction, preliminary reactions were carried out with model molecules.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 24 (1986), S. 239-249 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Previous investigations have given evidence of the existence of specific chemical interactions between poly(bisphenol-A carbonate) (PC) and a number of linear aliphatic polyesters, with the consequent formation of compatible polymer alloys. Here we address the particular kind of specific interaction that takes place in these systems by performing a quantum-mechanical study of the apparently most reasonable types of molecular interactions occurring in model compounds of the above polymers. Complete neglect of diffential overlap, (CNDO), in its CNDMEX version, and perturbative configuration using localized orbitals (PCILO) were the calculation schemes used on diphenyl carbonate (DPC) and dimethyl succinate (DMS), selected as models. It was found that, on a one-to-one basis, the DPC-DMS system is energetically more stable than the individual separate molecules; on examination of the possible interaction sites for the two chemical species, the interaction between the ester group oxygen in one DMS molecule with one of the phenyl rings in DPC appears to be the most favorable type of molecular interrelation, even though hydrogen bond formation is also possible between the oxygen atoms in DPC and the methylene hydrogens in DMS. (The former interaction decreases the total energy of the system by 0.12 kcal/mol, more than the latter.)
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 26 (1992), S. 1039-1051 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Because periprosthetic infection remains a vexing problem for patients receiving implanted devices, we evaluated the effect of several materials on neutrophil free radical production. Human peripheral blood neutrophils were incubated with several sterile, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- free biomaterials used in surgically implantable prosthetic devices: polyurethane, woven dacron, and Velcro. Free radical formation as the superoxide (O2-) anion was evaluated by cytochrome c reduction in neutrophils that were exposed to the materials and then removed and in neutrophils allowed to remain in association with the materials. Neutrophils exposed to polyurethane or woven dacron for 30 or 60 min and then removed consistently exhibited an enhanced release of O2- after simulation via receptor engagement with formyl methionyl-leucyl- phenylalanine. Enhanced reactivity to stimulation via protein kinase C with phorbol myristate acetate, however, was not consistently observed. The cells evalu- ated for O2- release during continuous association with the biomaterials showed enhanced metabolic activity during short periods of association (especially with polyurethane and woven dacron). Although O2- release by neutrophils in association with these materials decreased with longer periods of incubation, it was not obliterated. These studies, therefore, show that several commonly used biomaterials activate neutrophils soon after exposure and that this activated state diminishes with prolonged exposure but nevertheless remains measurable. The diminishing level of activity with prolonged exposure, however, suggests that ultimately a depletion of reactivity may occur and may result in increased susceptibility to periprosthetic infection.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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