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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (35)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 220 (1994), S. 151-161 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Aus dünnen, dichten Filmen von Blends aus flüssigkristalliner Triheptylcellulose (THC) mit Ethylcellulose (EC) und porösen Trägerschichten aus Poly(ethersulfon) (PES) oder Polysulfon (PSF) wurden Verbundmembranen hergestellt. Die Auswirkungen der Membranzusammensetzung und der Betriebsbedingungen auf die Trenneigenschaften der Membranen beim Durchtritt von mit Sauerstoff angereicherter Luft (OEA) wurden mit einer Methode, die bei konstantem Druck und variablem Volumen arbeitet, untersucht. Die Trenneigenschften der Membranen erwiesen sich in Langzeitversuchen bis 800 Stunden als konstant und zeigten beim Wechsel zwischen PES- und PSF-Trägerschichten keine charakteristische Veränderung. Bei einem einmaligen Membrandurchtritt mit Durchflußraten von 1,0·10-3 bis 1,9·10-3 cm3 (STP)/s·cm2 bei Temperaturen von 30 bis 55°C und Druckdifferenzen von 0,41 bis 0,45 MPa wurden Sauerstoffanreicherungen zwischen 34,8 und 39,4 Vol.-% erreicht. Der OEA-Fluß durch die hergestellten Dünnfilm-Verbundmembranen ist sehr vie1 höher als durch homogene Membranen aus den gleichen Materialien.
    Notes: Composite membranes were made of liquid crystalline triheptyl cellulose (THC)/ethyl cellulose (EC) blends as dense thin films and poly(ether sulfone) (PES) or polysulfone (PSF) as porous support layer. The effects of the composite membrane composition and operating conditions on the air separation characteristics of oxygenenriched air (OEA) permeating through the membranes were studied using a constant pressure-variable volume method. The flux (OEA) through the membranes decreases slightly and the oxygen concentration in the OEA permeated increases with increasing THC content in the thin film from 4 to 15 wt.-%. The OEA flux increases significantly with decreasing thin-film thickness or increasing operating temperature and transmembrane pressure difference. The oxygen concentration in the OEA increases with increasing the thin-film thickness or the pressure difference but decreases slightly with increasing the operating temperature. There is no regular variation in the air separation properties by changing the support from PES to PSF. In long-term tests, the air separation properties remained almost constant for as long as 800 h. An OEA flux of 1.0-1.9·10-3 cm3 (STP)/s·cm2 containing 34.8-39.4 vol.-% oxygen can be attained at 30-55°C and 0.41-0.49 MPa pressure difference in a single pass through the membranes. The OEA flux is much higher for the thin-film composite membranes than for the homogeneous dense membranes made of the same materials.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 227 (1995), S. 69-85 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermotrop flüssigkristalline Copolyester aus Vanillinsäure (V), 4-Hydroxybenzoesäure (B) und Polyethylenterephthalat (E) wurden mittels 1H-NMR-Spektroskopie und Gelpermeationschromatographie (GPC) untersucht. Die neun möglichen Diaden konnten detektiert und zugeordnet werden. Die Abfolge der Grundeinheiten der V/B/E-Copolyester ändert sich mit zunehmendem B-Anteil von statistischer Verteilung zur Blockbildung und ist außerdem geringfügig von der Katalysatorkonzentration und der Polykondensationsdauer abhängig. Die GPC-Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, daß die V/B/E-Copolyester engere Molekulargewichtsverteilungen aufweisen als die B/E-Copolyester. Mit von 0 bis 5 mol-% steigendem V-Anteil verengt sich die Molekulargewichtsverteilung. Die Gelpermeationschromatogramme der meisten V/B/E-Copolyester weisen im Unterschied zu den Einzelsignalen der B/E-Copolyester Dublett-Peaks auf.
    Notes: Thermotropic liquid-crystalline copolyesters made from vanillic acid (V), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (B) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (E) were examined by 1H-NMR and GPC investigations. Nine possible diads could be identified and assigned. The sequence distribution of V/B/E copolyesters tends to change from random to block with an increase of B content in the copolyesters. The sequence distribution also varies slightly with catalyst concentration and polycondensation time. GPC results suggest that the V/B/E copolyesters have narrower molecular weight distribution (MWD) than B/E copolyesters. The MWD of the copolyesters narrows gradually with increasing V content from zero to 5 mol-%. The GPC chromatograms of the most V/B/E copolyesters show double peaks, which is different from the single peak of the GPC chromatograms of the B/E copolyesters.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ein auf Magnesiumoxid aufgebrachter Polytitazan-Cobalt (III)-Komplex diente als effektiver Katalysator für die Epoxidierung von cis-Cycloocten mit molekularem Sauerstoff bei Normaldruck in Gegenwart von Isobutyraldehyd als Reduktionsmittel. Nach XPS-Untersuchungen wird Cobalt (III) durch den mehrzähnigen Stickstoffliganden des Polytitazans stabilisiert. Bei 25°C beträgt der cis-Cycloocten-Umsatz nach fünf Stunden 95,2%, mit einer Selektivität von 100% für das cis-Cyclohexylenoxid. Der Katalysator Kann mindestens neun Mal ohne Aktivitätsverlust verwendet werden.
    Notes: Magnesium oxide supported polytitazane cobalt (III) complex is demonstrated as an effective catalyst for the epoxidation of cis-cyclooctene with molecular oxygen at atmospheric pressure in the presence of isobutyraldehyde as the sacrificial reductant. XPS data show that the high-valent cobalt (III) is stabilized by the multidentate nitrogen ligand of polytitazane. The conversion of cis-cyclooctene is as high as 95.2% with 100% selectivity to the cis-cyclooctene oxide at 25°C within 5 h. The catalyst can be used at least nine times without loss of its activity.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 15 (1994), S. 527-529 
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 15 (1994), S. 587-591 
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 14 (1993), S. 485-488 
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 40 (1996), S. 9-12 
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: poly[(maleic acid)-co-styrene]-platinum complex ; hydrogenation ; methyl formate ; methanol ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Coordinate bonds form between oxygen and platinum atoms in crosslinked poly[(maleic acid)-co-styrene]-platinum complex according to FTIR and XPS measurements. The complex is demonstrated to be an active and selective catalyst for the hydrogenation of methyl formate under mild conditions (25°C, 1 atm H2). Methyl formate can be converted selectively to methanol in 82·6% yield within 6h at a COOH/Pt mole ratio of 17·85 in the complex with n-propanol as the solvent. The catalyst exhibits high stability, with turnover number (mol of methyl formate converted/mol of platinum) of the catalyst reaching 1064 within 48 h.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 7 (1996), S. 88-91 
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: selective oxidation ; molecular oxygen ; active species Pt(0) ; polyalumazane-platinum complexes ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was oxidized selectively with molecular oxygen catalyzed by magnesium oxide-based polyalumazane-supported platinum complexes under mild conditions. The selective oxidation of C-H bond α to the oxygen atom of ether and the oxidative path to ester other than ring cleavage to carboxylic acid were controlled by carrying out the reaction at 60°C with nitroethane as solvent. The platinum loading and the reaction time greatly affected the yield of γ-butyrolactone whereas the selectivity always remained at 100%. 76.92% γ-butyrolactone was obtained with 0.2811 mmol platinum loading per gram support within 12 hr. The single product of the THF oxidation was confirmed by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data also confirmed the more recent report on the activation of the C-H bond by the null valent platinum from the viewpoint of supported platinum catalyst. The oxidation path was also suggested.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 5 (1994), S. 606-608 
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: Hydrogenation ; Aldehydes ; Ketones ; Polysulfosiloxane-supported ; Platinum complex ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: An acidic inorganic polymer, polysulfosiloxane, has been prepared and used as ligand for preparing a polysulfosiloxane-platinum complex. It has been found that such a complex could catalyze the hydrogenation of aldehydes and ketones to alcohols, giving as much as 100% yield at room temperature and under atmospheric pressure. Temperature, S/Pt molar ratio in the complex and solvents greatly influenced the reaction. This complex was very stable and could be used several times without any change in catalytic activity.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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