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  • Life Sciences (General)  (7)
  • Humans  (5)
  • 2000-2004  (12)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2000-12-23
    Description: The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is the only genetic risk factor that has so far been linked to risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). However, 50 percent of Alzheimer's disease cases do not carry an APOE4 allele, suggesting that other risk factors must exist. We performed a two-stage genome-wide screen in sibling pairs with LOAD to detect other susceptibility loci. Here we report evidence for an Alzheimer's disease locus on chromosome 10. Our stage one multipoint lod score (logarithm of the odds ratio for linkage/no linkage) of 2.48 (266 sibling pairs) increased to 3.83 in stage 2 (429 sibling pairs) close to D10S1225 (79 centimorgans). This locus modifies risk for Alzheimer's disease independent of APOE genotype.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Myers, A -- Holmans, P -- Marshall, H -- Kwon, J -- Meyer, D -- Ramic, D -- Shears, S -- Booth, J -- DeVrieze, F W -- Crook, R -- Hamshere, M -- Abraham, R -- Tunstall, N -- Rice, F -- Carty, S -- Lillystone, S -- Kehoe, P -- Rudrasingham, V -- Jones, L -- Lovestone, S -- Perez-Tur, J -- Williams, J -- Owen, M J -- Hardy, J -- Goate, A M -- AG16208/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG5681/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- U24 AG021886/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 22;290(5500):2304-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11125144" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age of Onset ; Aged ; Alleles ; Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Apolipoprotein E4 ; Apolipoproteins E/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10/*genetics ; Genetic Linkage ; Genetic Markers ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lod Score ; Nuclear Family ; Odds Ratio
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2001-07-14
    Description: The endogenous opioid system is involved in stress responses, in the regulation of the experience of pain, and in the action of analgesic opiate drugs. We examined the function of the opioid system and mu-opioid receptors in the brains of healthy human subjects undergoing sustained pain. Sustained pain induced the regional release of endogenous opioids interacting with mu-opioid receptors in a number of cortical and subcortical brain regions. The activation of the mu-opioid receptor system was associated with reductions in the sensory and affective ratings of the pain experience, with distinct neuroanatomical involvements. These data demonstrate the central role of the mu-opioid receptors and their endogenous ligands in the regulation of sensory and affective components of the pain experience.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zubieta, J K -- Smith, Y R -- Bueller, J A -- Xu, Y -- Kilbourn, M R -- Jewett, D M -- Meyer, C R -- Koeppe, R A -- Stohler, C S -- R01 DE 12059/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- R01 DE 12743/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jul 13;293(5528):311-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Institute, Medical School, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104-1687, USA. zubieta@umich.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11452128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amygdala/physiology ; Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Female ; Fentanyl/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Masseter Muscle ; Opioid Peptides/physiology ; *Pain ; Pain Measurement ; Receptors, Opioid, mu/*physiology ; Thalamus/physiology ; Tomography, Emission-Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2000-03-24
    Description: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enters cells in vitro via CD4 and a coreceptor. Which of 15 known coreceptors are important in vivo is poorly defined but may be inferred from disease-modifying mutations, as for CCR5. Here two single nucleotide polymorphisms are described in Caucasians in CX3CR1, an HIV coreceptor and leukocyte chemotactic/adhesion receptor for the chemokine fractalkine. HIV-infected patients homozygous for CX3CR1-I249 M280, a variant haplotype affecting two amino acids (isoleucine-249 and methionine-280), progressed to AIDS more rapidly than those with other haplotypes. Functional CX3CR1 analysis showed that fractalkine binding is reduced among patients homozygous for this particular haplotype. Thus, CX3CR1-I249 M280 is a recessive genetic risk factor in HIV/AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Faure, S -- Meyer, L -- Costagliola, D -- Vaneensberghe, C -- Genin, E -- Autran, B -- Delfraissy, J F -- McDermott, D H -- Murphy, P M -- Debre, P -- Theodorou, I -- Combadiere, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Mar 24;287(5461):2274-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7627, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10731151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/genetics/*physiopathology/virology ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemokine CX3CL1 ; *Chemokines, CX3C ; Chemokines, CXC/metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 ; Cohort Studies ; Disease Progression ; European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; HIV/physiology ; HIV Infections/genetics/*physiopathology/virology ; Haplotypes ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Receptors, Cytokine/*genetics/*physiology ; Receptors, HIV/*genetics/*physiology ; Survival Analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2002-07-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meyer, Eli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jul 5;297(5578):51-2; author reply 51-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12102093" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Blastocyst ; *Cloning, Organism/legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; *Life ; Semantics ; *Stem Cells ; Terminology as Topic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2004-05-29
    Description: Cytokinesis is the essential process that partitions cellular contents into daughter cells. To identify and characterize cytokinesis proteins rapidly, we used a functional proteomic and comparative genomic strategy. Midbodies were isolated from mammalian cells, proteins were identified by multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT), and protein function was assessed in Caenorhabditis elegans. Of 172 homologs disrupted by RNA interference, 58% displayed defects in cleavage furrow formation or completion, or germline cytokinesis. Functional dissection of the midbody demonstrated the importance of lipid rafts and vesicle trafficking pathways in cytokinesis, and the utilization of common membrane cytoskeletal components in diverse morphogenetic events in the cleavage furrow, the germline, and neurons.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3679889/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3679889/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Skop, Ahna R -- Liu, Hongbin -- Yates, John 3rd -- Meyer, Barbara J -- Heald, Rebecca -- F32 GM064159/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- F32 GM064159-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- F32 GM064159-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- F32 GM064159-03/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- F32 GM64159-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P41 RR011823/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR1823/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jul 2;305(5680):61-6. Epub 2004 May 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. skop@wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15166316" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CHO Cells ; Caenorhabditis elegans/cytology/genetics/physiology ; Carrier Proteins/analysis/isolation & purification/physiology ; Cell Cycle/physiology ; *Cell Division ; Cell Fractionation ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Computational Biology ; Cricetinae ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/analysis/isolation & purification/physiology ; Cytoskeleton/physiology ; Germ Cells/physiology ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Membrane Microdomains/physiology ; Morphogenesis ; Organelles/chemistry/*physiology ; Protein Transport ; Proteins/analysis/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Proteome/*analysis ; Proteomics ; Signal Transduction ; Spindle Apparatus/physiology/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: In studies of sensory contributions to motor control, it may be advantageous to temporarily reduce the sensitivity of specific sensory systems. This article details a method for non-invasively inducing cutaneous anesthesia, leaving proprioceptive and motor functions intact. This method, called alternating-pulse iontophoresis, differs from conventional direct-current (DC) iontophoretic drug delivery in that adjacent drug delivery electrodes are stimulated out-of-phase. The total current delivered at any instant is then less than that produced during a comparable DC application, while the uniformity of drug delivery is expected to improve. Effective delivery of local anesthetics to the cutaneous foot soles by alternating-pulse iontophoresis was demonstrated using cutaneous pressure sensory threshold levels (STL's) assessed with Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments (arbitrary units of perceived force, or a.u.). Thirteen of 16 healthy subjects achieved a level of anesthesia greater than or equal to that normally associated with clinical peripheral sensory neuropathy. Average STL's measured prior to the anesthesia procedure were 4.00 a.u. ( approximately 10 mN). Immediately following the procedure, STL's were elevated to an average of 5.40 a.u. ( approximately 246 mN) and averaged 4.97 a.u. ( approximately 92 mN) after 50 min of standing. A number of research and clinical applications for this technique are suggested.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Journal of neuroscience methods (ISSN 0165-0270); Volume 125; 1-2; 209-14
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Phosphocreatine (PCr) depletion during isometric twitch stimulation at 5 Hz was measured by (31)P-NMR spectroscopy in gastrocnemius muscles of pentobarbital-anesthetized MM creatine kinase knockout (MMKO) vs. wild-type C57B (WT) mice. PCr depletion after 2 s of stimulation, estimated from the difference between spectra gated to times 200 ms and 140 s after 2-s bursts of contractions, was 2.2 +/- 0.6% of initial PCr in MMKO muscle vs. 9.7 +/- 1.6% in WT muscles (mean +/- SE, n = 7, P 〈 0.001). Initial PCr/ATP ratio and intracellular pH were not significantly different between groups, and there was no detectable change in intracellular pH or ATP in either group after 2 s. The initial difference in net PCr depletion was maintained during the first minute of continuous 5-Hz stimulation. However, there was no significant difference in the quasi-steady-state PCr level approached after 80 s (MMKO 36.1 +/- 3.5 vs. WT 35.5 +/- 4.4% of initial PCr; n = 5-6). A kinetic model of ATPase, creatine kinase, and adenylate kinase fluxes during stimulation was consistent with the observed PCr depletion in MMKO muscle after 2 s only if ADP-stimulated oxidative phosphorylation was included in the model. Taken together, the results suggest that cytoplasmic ADP more rapidly increases and oxidative phosphorylation is more rapidly activated at the onset of contractions in MMKO compared with WT muscles.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: American journal of physiology. Cell physiology (ISSN 0363-6143); 283; 6; C1776-83
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a yeast commonly used in baking and a frequent colonizer of human mucosal surfaces. It is considered relatively nonpathogenic in immunocompetent adults. We present a case of S. cerevisiae fungemia and aortic graft infection in an immunocompetent adult. This is the first reported case of S. cerevisiue fungemia where the identity of the pathogen was confirmed by rRNA sequencing.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Journal of Clinical Microbiology (ISSN 0095-1137); 40; 7; 2691-2692
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  • 9
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-07-10
    Description: Plasmodium falciparum, the protozoan parasite responsible for most human malaria, is among the most studied pathogens of all time, probably only exceeded by the human immunodeficiency virus HTV and the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The extent of human suffering and the devastating costs of malaria have long been recognized by world bodies, and numerous initiatives have been taken over the years in an effort to defeat this insidious microbe. Beginning in 1996, an international consortium of scientists from more than a dozen institutions set about to determine the sequence of the organism's 23-megabase genome. Their massive effort-which ended up going well beyond simple sequencing is reported in this special issue of Nature. The avowed goal of the project was to search for chinks in the parasite's armor so that new and effective drugs and vaccines might be developed.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Nature News and Views: Special Malaria Issue
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This study was carried out to discriminate between two alternative hypotheses as to how cells sense mechanical forces and transduce them into changes in gene transcription. Do cells sense mechanical signals through generalized membrane distortion or through specific transmembrane receptors, such as integrins? Here we show that mechanical stresses applied to the cell surface alter the cyclic AMP signalling cascade and downstream gene transcription by modulating local release of signals generated by activated integrin receptors in a G-protein-dependent manner, whereas distortion of integrins in the absence of receptor occupancy has no effect.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Nature cell biology (ISSN 1465-7392); 2; 9; 666-8
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