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  • 1
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    Anti-diabetic drugs inhibit obesity-linked phosphorylation of PPARgamma by Cdk5 (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-07-24
    Description: Obesity induced in mice by high-fat feeding activates the protein kinase Cdk5 (cyclin-dependent kinase 5) in adipose tissues. This results in phosphorylation of the nuclear receptor PPARgamma (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma), a dominant regulator of adipogenesis and fat cell gene expression, at serine 273. This modification of PPARgamma does not alter its adipogenic capacity, but leads to dysregulation of a large number of genes whose expression is altered in obesity, including a reduction in the expression of the insulin-sensitizing adipokine, adiponectin. The phosphorylation of PPARgamma by Cdk5 is blocked by anti-diabetic PPARgamma ligands, such as rosiglitazone and MRL24. This inhibition works both in vivo and in vitro, and is completely independent of classical receptor transcriptional agonism. Similarly, inhibition of PPARgamma phosphorylation in obese patients by rosiglitazone is very tightly associated with the anti-diabetic effects of this drug. All these findings strongly suggest that Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation of PPARgamma may be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin-resistance, and present an opportunity for development of an improved generation of anti-diabetic drugs through PPARgamma.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2987584/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2987584/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Choi, Jang Hyun -- Banks, Alexander S -- Estall, Jennifer L -- Kajimura, Shingo -- Bostrom, Pontus -- Laznik, Dina -- Ruas, Jorge L -- Chalmers, Michael J -- Kamenecka, Theodore M -- Bluher, Matthias -- Griffin, Patrick R -- Spiegelman, Bruce M -- DK087853/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK31405/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K99 DK087853/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084041/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084041-03/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM084041/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK031405/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK031405-30/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- S10 RR027270/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- U54 MH084512/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U54 MH084512-020010/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U54-MH084512/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jul 22;466(7305):451-6. doi: 10.1038/nature09291.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cancer Biology and Division of Metabolism and Chronic Disease, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20651683" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/drug effects/metabolism/physiopathology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism ; Dietary Fats/pharmacology ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism ; Ligands ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Obesity/chemically induced/complications/*metabolism/physiopathology ; PPAR gamma/agonists/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation/drug effects ; Phosphoserine/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Thiazolidinediones/*pharmacology/therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Extended longevity in mice lacking the insulin receptor in adipose tissue (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-01-25
    Description: Caloric restriction has been shown to increase longevity in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. In some organisms, this has been associated with a decreased fat mass and alterations in insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) pathways. To further explore these associations with enhanced longevity, we studied mice with a fat-specific insulin receptor knockout (FIRKO). These animals have reduced fat mass and are protected against age-related obesity and its subsequent metabolic abnormalities, although their food intake is normal. Both male and female FIRKO mice were found to have an increase in mean life-span of approximately 134 days (18%), with parallel increases in median and maximum life-spans. Thus, a reduction of fat mass without caloric restriction can be associated with increased longevity in mice, possibly through effects on insulin signaling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bluher, Matthias -- Kahn, Barbara B -- Kahn, C Ronald -- DK 30136/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK 43051/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK 56116/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jan 24;299(5606):572-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA, 02215 USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12543978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/*anatomy & histology/*metabolism ; Aging ; Animals ; Body Constitution ; Body Weight ; Caloric Restriction ; Eating ; Female ; Insulin/metabolism ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism ; *Longevity ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Receptor, Insulin/*genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; *Thinness
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    A novel ChREBP isoform in adipose tissue regulates systemic glucose metabolism (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-03
    Description: The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide and threatens to shorten lifespan. Impaired insulin action in peripheral tissues is a major pathogenic factor. Insulin stimulates glucose uptake in adipose tissue through the GLUT4 (also known as SLC2A4) glucose transporter, and alterations in adipose tissue GLUT4 expression or function regulate systemic insulin sensitivity. Downregulation of human and mouse adipose tissue GLUT4 occurs early in diabetes development. Here we report that adipose tissue GLUT4 regulates the expression of carbohydrate-responsive-element-binding protein (ChREBP; also known as MLXIPL), a transcriptional regulator of lipogenic and glycolytic genes. Furthermore, adipose ChREBP is a major determinant of adipose tissue fatty acid synthesis and systemic insulin sensitivity. We find a new mechanism for glucose regulation of ChREBP: glucose-mediated activation of the canonical ChREBP isoform (ChREBP-alpha) induces expression of a novel, potent isoform (ChREBP-beta) that is transcribed from an alternative promoter. ChREBP-beta expression in human adipose tissue predicts insulin sensitivity, indicating that it may be an effective target for treating diabetes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3341994/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3341994/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herman, Mark A -- Peroni, Odile D -- Villoria, Jorge -- Schon, Michael R -- Abumrad, Nada A -- Bluher, Matthias -- Klein, Samuel -- Kahn, Barbara B -- DK037948/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK046200/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK057521/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K08 DK076726/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK056341-11/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK037948/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK037948-22/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK098002/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK043051/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK43051/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Apr 19;484(7394):333-8. doi: 10.1038/nature10986.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22466288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipocytes/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/cytology/*metabolism/pathology ; Adiposity ; Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription ; Factors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Cells, Cultured ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/blood/genetics/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation/genetics ; Genotype ; Glucose/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Glucose Intolerance/genetics ; Glucose Transporter Type 4/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Homeostasis/genetics ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism/pharmacology ; Insulin Resistance/genetics ; Lipogenesis ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Obesity/genetics/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Protein Isoforms/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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