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  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (195)
  • Humans  (141)
  • 1980-1984  (336)
  • 1984  (220)
  • 1982  (116)
  • 1
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    Lymphadenopathy associated virus infection of a blood donor--recipient pair with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-06
    Description: A retrovirus isolated from three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States was morphologically and antigenically identical to lymphadenopathy associated virus isolated in France. Two of these isolates were from a blood donor-recipient pair, each of whom developed AIDS. Lymphadenopathy associated virus was isolated from the blood donor's lymphocytes 12 months after his onset of AIDS symptoms and from the blood recipient's lymphocytes 1 month after her onset of AIDS symptoms. Two isolates from the blood donor-recipient pair and an isolate from an epidemiologically unrelated homosexual man were examined by competitive radioimmunoassay to determine their antigenic relatedness to each other and to other human retroviruses. The major core proteins (p25) of the isolates were antigenically identical and all three isolates were identical to prototype lymphadenopathy associated virus isolated in France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feorino, P M -- Kalyanaraman, V S -- Haverkos, H W -- Cabradilla, C D -- Warfield, D T -- Jaffe, H W -- Harrison, A K -- Gottlieb, M S -- Goldfinger, D -- Chermann, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 6;225(4657):69-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6328663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology/transmission ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; *Blood Donors ; Blood Transfusion/adverse effects ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retroviridae/*immunology ; Retroviridae Infections/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Neuroleptic-induced decrease in plasma homovanillic acid and antipsychotic activity in schizophrenic patients (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-31
    Description: Plasma-free homovanillic acid, a major metabolite of dopamine, was measured in chronically ill schizophrenic patients both before and during treatment with the antipsychotic phenothiazine, fluphenazine. Neuroleptic treatment was associated with a significant time-dependent decrease in plasma homovanillic acid from pretreatment values, which were significantly elevated when compared with those of age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Further, both the absolute concentrations as well as the neuroleptic-induced reductions in plasma homovanillic acid determined over 5 weeks of neuroleptic treatment were statistically significantly correlated with ratings of psychosis and improvement in psychosis, respectively. These findings suggest that the delayed effects of neuroleptic agents on presynaptic dopamine activity may more closely parallel their therapeutic actions than do their immediate effects in blocking postsynaptic dopamine receptors and that a decrease in dopamine "turnover" may be responsible for their antipsychotic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pickar, D -- Labarca, R -- Linnoila, M -- Roy, A -- Hommer, D -- Everett, D -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 31;225(4665):954-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Female ; Fluphenazine/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Homovanillic Acid/*blood ; Humans ; Male ; Phenylacetates/*blood ; Schizophrenia/blood/*drug therapy ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Sex and handedness differences in cerebral blood flow during rest and cognitive activity (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-13
    Description: Cognitive activity resulted in increased flow of blood to the cerebral hemispheres. The increase was greater to the left hemisphere for a verbal task and greater to the right hemisphere for a spatial task. The direction and degree of hemispheric flow asymmetry were influenced by sex and handedness, females having a higher rate of blood flow per unit weight of brain, and females and left-handers having a greater percentage of fast-clearing tissue, presumably gray matter.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gur, R C -- Gur, R E -- Obrist, W D -- Hungerbuhler, J P -- Younkin, D -- Rosen, A D -- Skolnick, B E -- Reivich, M -- MH 30456/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-10939-09/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 13;217(4560):659-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain/metabolism/*physiology ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; *Cognition ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Rest ; *Sex Characteristics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Lethal effect of phenothiazine neuroleptics on the pathogenic protozoan Leishmania donovani (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: Phenothiazine drugs, which are widely used for their antipsychotic, antianxiety, and antiemetic effects, have been found to have protozoacidal effects on the human pathogen Leishmania donovani. These compounds are lethal to both the extracellular stage of the organism, which is inoculated into humans by the sand fly, and the intracellular stage, which is found solely in human macrophages during established infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pearson, R D -- Manian, A A -- Harcus, J L -- Hall, D -- Hewlett, E L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):369-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Chlorpromazine/pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; Humans ; Leishmania/*drug effects ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral/*drug therapy ; Macrophages/microbiology ; Mesocricetus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Type A behavior and elevated physiological and neuroendocrine responses to cognitive tasks (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: Qualitatively distinct patterns of cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses were observed in male college students during mental work and during sensory intake task performance. During mental work, Type A (coronary-prone) subjects showed greater muscle vasodilatation and more enhanced secretion of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and cortisol than Type B subjects. During sensory intake, Type A hyperresponsivity was found for testosterone and, among those subjects with a positive family history of hypertension, for cortisol. As a demonstration of combined cardiovascular, sympathetic nervous system, and neuroendocrine hyperresponsivity to specific cognitive tasks in Type A subjects, this study breaks ground in the search for mechanisms mediating the increased coronary disease risk among Type A persons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Williams, R B Jr -- Lane, J D -- Kuhn, C M -- Melosh, W -- White, A D -- Schanberg, S M -- HL-22740/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- MH-6489/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-70482/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):483-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior/*physiology ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Cognition/*physiology ; Hemodynamics ; Hormones/blood ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Risk
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    A new type D retrovirus isolated from macaques with an immunodeficiency syndrome (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: Macaque monkeys with the recently described acquired immunodeficiency syndrome show a marked defect in T-lymphocyte function and die with opportunistic infections and lymphoproliferative abnormalities. In the study described here a new type D retrovirus was isolated from two Macaca cyclopis with this syndrome. This virus is related to, but distinct from, Mason-Pfizer monkey virus, a type D retrovirus previously isolated from a mammary tumor of a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Daniel, M D -- King, N W -- Letvin, N L -- Hunt, R D -- Sehgal, P K -- Desrosiers, R C -- R01-A1 20729/PHS HHS/ -- RR00168/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):602-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6695172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/*microbiology ; Macaca ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Retroviridae/genetics/immunology/*isolation & purification
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Structure of the gene encoding the immunodominant surface antigen on the sporozoite of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-10
    Description: The gene for the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of Plasmodium falciparum has been cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. The gene encodes a protein of 412 amino acids as deduced from the nucleotide sequence. The protein contains 41 tandem repeats of a tetrapeptide, 37 of which are Asn-Ala-Asn-Pro and four of which are Asn-Val-Asp-Pro. Monoclonal antibodies against the CS protein of Plasmodium falciparum were inhibited from binding to the protein by synthetic peptides of the repeat sequence. The CS protein of Plasmodium falciparum and the CS protein of a simian malaria parasite, Plasmodium knowlesi, have two regions of homology, one of which is present on either side of the repeat. One region contains 12 of 13 identical amino acids. Within the nucleotide sequence of this region, 25 of 27 nucleotides are conserved. The conservation of these regions in parasites widely separated in evolution suggests that they may have a function such as binding to liver cells and may represent an invariant target for immunity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dame, J B -- Williams, J L -- McCutchan, T F -- Weber, J L -- Wirtz, R A -- Hockmeyer, W T -- Maloy, W L -- Haynes, J D -- Schneider, I -- Roberts, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 10;225(4662):593-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6204383" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Epitopes/genetics ; *Genes ; Humans ; Liver/parasitology ; Malaria/*immunology ; Plasmodium/genetics ; Plasmodium falciparum/*genetics/immunology ; *Protozoan Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Expression of a retrovirus encoding human HPRT in mice (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-10
    Description: Transmissible retroviruses encoding human hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) were used to infect mouse bone marrow cells in vitro, and the infected cells were transplanted into mice. Both active human HPRT-protein and chronic HPRT-virus production were detected in hematopoietic tissue of the mice, showing transfer of the gene. These results indicate the possible use of retroviruses for somatic cell therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, A D -- Eckner, R J -- Jolly, D J -- Friedmann, T -- Verma, I M -- CA 19562/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM28223/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 10;225(4662):630-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6377498" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Marrow/microbiology ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/microbiology ; Humans ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/*genetics ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome/genetics/therapy ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rats ; Retroviridae/enzymology/*genetics ; Spleen/microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Interferon-beta-related DNA is dispersed in the human genome (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-23
    Description: Interferon-beta 1 (IFN-beta 1) complementary DNA was used as a hybridization probe to isolate human genomic DNA clones lambda B3 and lambda B4 from a human genomic DNA library. Blot-hybridization procedures and partial nucleotide sequencing revealed that lambda B3 is related to IFN-beta 1 (and more distantly to IFN-alpha 1). Analyses of DNA obtained from a panel of human-rodent somatic cell hybrids that were probed with DNA derived from lambda B3 showed that lambda B3 is on human chromosome 2. Similar experiments indicated that lambda B4 is not on human chromosomes 2, 5, or 9. The finding that DNA related to the IFN-beta 1 gene (and IFN-alpha 1 gene) is dispersed in the human genome raises new questions about the origins of the interferon genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sagar, A D -- Sehgal, P B -- May, L T -- Inouye, M -- Slate, D L -- Shulman, L -- Ruddle, F H -- AI-16262/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 23;223(4642):1312-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6546621" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human/*analysis ; Chromosomes, Human, 1-3 ; Chromosomes, Human, 4-5 ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cricetinae ; DNA/*analysis ; *Genes ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Interferon Type I/*genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Lymphoma in macaques: association with virus of human T lymphotrophic family (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-17
    Description: Human T-cell leukemia virus has been linked with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL), a tumor of mature T cells that occurs at elevated rates in southwestern Japan and in the Caribbean Basin. Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) or a closely related virus, has also been found in varying proportions of healthy individuals of several species of Old World monkeys. In the present study, conducted with macaques from Taiwan and the New England Regional Primate Research Center, antibodies to membrane antigens of HTLV-infected cells (HTLV-MA) were found in 11 of 13 macaques with malignant lymphoma or lymphoproliferative disease but in only 7 of 95 of healthy macaques. This indicates that antibodies to HTLV are significantly associated with the development of naturally occurring lymphoid neoplasms in at least some species of nonhuman primates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Homma, T -- Kanki, P J -- King, N W Jr -- Hunt, R D -- O'Connell, M J -- Letvin, N L -- Daniel, M D -- Desrosiers, R C -- Yang, C S -- Essex, M -- 5TRRR07000/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- CA 18216/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RR00168/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 17;225(4663):716-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6087453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology/*metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphoma/immunology/*microbiology ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders/immunology/microbiology ; Macaca ; Macaca fascicularis ; Macaca mulatta ; Monkey Diseases/*microbiology ; Retroviridae Infections/immunology/*microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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