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  • 1
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    Breeding and reproduction of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Mazandaran and Gorgan provinces have temperate climate, thus they have more potential for aquatic animal culture. There are thousands hectare of salt and useless lands in adjacent to Caspian Sea. As these areas have provided a favorable back ground for aquatic animal culture. As a result, the successful results obtained from imported gray mullet (Mugil cephalus) culture project in north climate, it has demonstrated that the gray mullet has a good biocharacteristic for culturing in pond enclosure environment and in different aquatic conditions (fresh water, brackish water and salt water). From 1998 until 2001, the broodstock yield and gray mullet artificial propagation projects were performed by fisheries research center of Mazandaran in Ghomishan prawn culture station in adjacent to Caspian Sea (East north of Mazandaran Province). This investigation executed during two stages (phases). At first stage, the goal of this project included the survey of possibility available about matured fish as well as induction of final maturation and artificial propagation for producing of broodstock and larva. In addition, in this way, we will obtain new information about gray mullet propagation and culture as marine species. We introduce mass production in aquaculture. At present research, the possibility of broodstock yield and artificial propagation of gray mullet have investigated by gray mullet fingerlings imported from Hong kong and then they have cultured in earth ponds of Ghomishan areas during five years (1994-1998). In order to broodstock production in spring 1998, two earth ponds (0.5 hectare) were prepared. 100 specimens of fish stock (1-2.5 kg weight average and 5 years of age) placed in each pond. For providing of suitable water and nutrition, fish were fed by food containing rich protein (40%) with 3-5% body weight and maintained in water with 30-35 ppt salinity. The survey of sexual maturation was performed by sampling of sexual glands through year. There were four stages in dominant female broodstocks. This survey indicated that oocytes have emerged stage 1 (immature) from March to June, stage 2 (yolk vesicle) in September and stage 4 (yolk globule) in October. Three stages (first, second and third) of yolk formation in oocytes will occur but these stages take place in October, December and January respectively. It's obvious that oocytes will progress into the end of third stage (yolk formation) and then their growth was arrested. Ovum with 600 m diameter was observed when the water temperature declined less than 18 c and day time was short (from middle autumn to middle winter), on that time, fish were induced by hormone because lack of final maturation and ovulation, there fore, natural spawning was not occurred in pond condition. Furthermore, artificial propagation of mugil cephalus was occurred by hormonal induction. Hormonal induction was utilized by inject of many hormones (LHRH, Cph, HCG). Using different components of hormones and also their different doses obtained the best results from broodstock that the average ovum diameter was about 600 m. Several types hormones which were injected into gray mullet with two or several intermittent (24 h intervals) along with 20-25 c temperature and 30-35 ppt salinity. This condition can provide stage 4 maturity for fertilization. Totally (as whole), three intermittent fertilization was necessary for exiting of larva, larva production in first, second and third intermittents that were 2000, 2500 and 300 specimens respectively. Larva fed on chlorella algae and rotifera and they have maintained for 14-15 days. The results of obtainable research indicated the possibility of gray mullet broodstock production in cultural condition, artificial propagation and larva production. This research took place for the first time in north climate of Iran.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Gray mullet ; Mugil cephalus ; Broodstock ; Production ; Yield ; Artificial propagation ; Hormone ; Temperature ; Culture ; Maturation ; Fingerlings ; Earthen ponds ; Ovum ; Spawning ; Breeding ; Reproduction
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 79pp.
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  • 2
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    The Study Of Physical, Chemical And Biological Tagan and Sorkhrod river on time realize fingerling Rutilus frisii katum (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In this study, the Tagan and Sorkh rod River in province in the northwest region of Iran, were consider and physico-chemical water parameters , phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthos cumunity , were identify and were measured also measured some organoic toxin (in water) during a year (2011 )all conducted was done at three stations. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of water for aquaculture activities and realizing fingerling fish . In most cases between Physico-chemical parameters in Tagan and Sorkhrod river,in EC,TDS ,SAL ,NH4 , Ca , Mg difference was statistically significant (P〈0.05). Mean physico-chemical factors including water temperature in Tagan and Sorkhrod river respectivity 27±0.95,26.4±0.67±,25.6 ° C, DO: 7.4±0.16, , 7.8 ±0.14mg.l^-1; pH: 7.97±0.5 , 7.77±0.6, TDS: 7994±557 , 1317±257 mg.l^-1; EC: 11920 ±838, 1583±368 µ.cm^-1; Ca: 470±57 ,Mg: 57±11 mg.l^-1, NH4 + : 0.390±0.05 , 0.141±0.03 mg.l^-1; NO2 - : 0.030 ±0.007, 0.034±0.032 mg.l^-1; NO3 - : 0.330±0.085 ,0.420±0.034 mg.l^-1; PO4 -3: 0.049±0.003 to 0.051±0.007 mg.l^-1;salinity:10091±746 ,1247±238 mg.l^-1and total hardness: 3600±460, 406±76 mg.l^-1 calcium carbonate, respectively. The samples water from Tagan ,Sorkhrod , Tonekabon and Shirod river have organo clore toxin enclouded: g- BHC, B-Endosulfan, Endosulfan sulfate,. Aldrin, DDD Heptachlor, Lindane .Results showed that concentrations of o,c.t in cases were not the limit of detection. Range of this option maximom to minimom in river were 0.10 to 0.22 mg/l . this result keep in renge of organization U.S.A .This level not dangerous for live and realize figerling fish. Phytoplankton: The phytoplankton species were identified from the five phyla, including 56 species in sorkhrod and 52 species in tagan river . In Tagan Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta phyla 75% of total percentage phyto and in sorkhrod Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta , 93% of total percentage phytoplankton. Zooplankton: During the study period, four major groups Holozooplankton including Rotatoria and protozoa, Copepoda and Cladocera in Tagan river and Sorkhrod were observed. Macro benthos: The benthos species were identified from the seven family, including, Cardidae, , Spionidae , Tubificidae ،Lumbriculidae , Lumbricidae , Chironomidae Elmidae. Comparison Mean biomas between Tagan and Sorkhrod show ,sorkhrod with 3.4g/m^3 biomas in tagan with0.32g/m^3 biomas has beter coundithion for realize finger ling Rutilus frisii katum .
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Physico-chemical ; Water quality ; Parameter biologic ; Rutilus frisii katum ; Fingerlings
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 50pp.
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  • 3
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    Conservation and restoration of Caspian salmon (Salmo trutta caspius) stocks in the southern Caspian (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25617 | 18721 | 2018-10-07 16:24:05 | 25617 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The project is funded by the CASPECO Project which is the Third Phase of the GEF supported project in the Caspian Sea region titled “The Caspian Sea: Restoring Depleted Fisheries and Consolidation of a Permanent Regional Environmental Governance Framework”, and implemented by the Iranian Fisheries Research Organization (IFRO) in partnership with four Coastal Research Centers affiliated to IFRO, Coldwater Fishes Research Centre (CFRC).The project's objective is to improve the conservation and restoration of Caspian Salmon (Salmo trutta caspius) stocks. In accordance with IUCN criteria Caspian Salmon is placed in the red list of endangered fish. In the recent decades the destruction of habitats for juveniles, reduction of genetic diversity and fish immune system were main causes of the Caspian salmon decline. Numbers of public meetings were held with participation of fishing communities’ representatives, experts, relevant local authorities and experts of the IFRO and Iranian Fisheries Organization (IFO), Iran Environment Protection Organization (IEPO), Water Resource Management (Ministry of Energy) and University senior professors, in order to create interaction and understanding of the project objectives. Educational awareness and extension program were conducted with the involvement of fisheries communities, private sector and NGO associations. The results of the project suggests that cross-sectoral coordination for sustainable fisheries can be achieved through building partnerships and enhancing communication between the environment, private, fisheries sectors and academia. Cross-sectoral cooperation through this project improved public awareness on growing risks facing Caspian Salmon from different sources including local sources (illegal fishing and over-fishing, urban wastewater, environment destruction, industrial pollutants, pollution of air and water resources), new emerging and invasive organisms, climate change, implications of the Caspian salmon population decline on economic and social affairs of the people who depend on them for their livelihood and food security and their role in fish stock protection. The project, through its capacity building, extension and educational programs and efforts to link science to management, could translate scientific findings into an action agenda for managers and policy makers that can bring an improvement in the future of the Caspian Sea salmon stock.
    Keywords: Management ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Conservation ; Salmo trutta caspius ; Caspian salmon ; Fisheries ; IFRO ; Juvenile ; Genetic diversity ; Immune system ; Illegal fishing ; Pollution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 194
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  • 4
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    The study of physical, chemical and biological Tagan and Sorkhrod River on time realize fingerling Rutilus frisii kutum (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25628 | 18721 | 2018-10-08 07:16:43 | 25628 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In this study, the Tagan and Sorkh rod River in province in the northwest region of Iran, were consider and physico-chemical water parameters, phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthos cumunity, were identify and were measured also measured some organoic toxin (in water) during a year (2011 )all conducted was done at three stations. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of water for aquaculture activities and realizing fingerling fish. In most cases between Physico-chemical parameters in Tagan and Sorkhrod river in EC, TDS ,SAL,NH4, Ca, Mg difference was statistically significant (P〈0.05). Mean physico-chemical factors including water temperature in Tagan and Sorkhrod river respectivity 27±0.95,26.4±0.67±,25.6°C, DO: 7.4±0.16, 7.8±0.14 mg.l^-1; pH: 7.97±0.5, 7.77±0.6, TDS: 7994±557, 1317±257 mg.l^-1; EC: 11920 ±838, 1583±368 µ.cm^-1; Ca: 470±57 ,Mg: 57±11 mg.l^-1, NH4^+ : 0.390±0.05 , 0.141±0.03 mg.l^-1; NO2^- : 0.030 ±0.007, 0.034±0.032 mg.l^-1; NO3^- : 0.330±0.085 ,0.420±0.034 mg.l^-1; PO4^-3: 0.049±0.003 to 0.051±0.007 mg.l^-1; salinity:10091±746, 1247±238 mg.l^-1and total hardness: 3600±460, 406±76 mg.l^-1 calcium carbonate, respectively. The samples water from Tagan ,Sorkhrod , Tonekabon and Shirod river have organo clore toxin enclouded: g- BHC, B-Endosulfan, Endosulfan sulfate. Aldrin, DDD Heptachlor, Lindane. Results showed that concentrations of o,c.t in cases were not the limit of detection. Range of this option maximom to minimom in river were 0.10 to 0.22 mg/l. this result keep in renge of organization U.S.A .This level not dangerous for live and realize figerling fish. Phytoplankton: The phytoplankton species were identified from the five phyla, including 56 species in sorkhrod and 52 species in tagan river. In Tagan Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta phyla 75% of total percentage phyto and in sorkhrod Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta, 93% of total percentage phytoplankton. Zooplankton: During the study period, four major groups Holozooplankton including Rotatoria and protozoa, Copepoda and Cladocera in Tagan river and Sorkhrod were observed. Macro benthos: The benthos species were identified from the seven family, including, Cardidae, Spionidae, Tubificidae ،Lumbriculidae, Lumbricidae, Chironomidae Elmidae. Comparison Mean biomas between Tagan and Sorkhrod show, sorkhrod with 3.4g/m^3 biomas in tagan with0.32g/m^3 biomas has beter coundithion for realize finger ling Rutilus frisii katum.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Ecology ; Iran ; Sorkhrod river ; Tagan ; Physico-chemical ; Water quality ; Parameter biologic ; Rutilus frisii katum ; Fingerlings
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 50
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    Breeding and reproduction of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25297 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 08:04:10 | 25297 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Mazandaran and Gorgan provinces have temperate climate, thus they have more potential for aquatic animal culture. There are thousands hectare of salt and useless lands in adjacent to Caspian Sea. As these areas have provided a favorable back ground for aquatic animal culture. As a result, the successful results obtained from imported gray mullet (Mugil cephalus) culture project in north climate, it has demonstrated that the gray mullet has a good biocharacteristic for culturing in pond enclosure environment and in different aquatic conditions (fresh water, brackish water and salt water). From 1998 until 2001, the broodstock yield and gray mullet artificial propagation projects were performed by fisheries research center of Mazandaran in Ghomishan prawn culture station in adjacent to Caspian Sea (East north of Mazandaran Province). This investigation executed during two stages (phases). At first stage, the goal of this project included the survey of possibility available about matured fish as well as induction of final maturation and artificial propagation for producing of broodstock and larva. In addition, in this way, we will obtain new information about gray mullet propagation and culture as marine species. We introduce mass production in aquaculture. At present research, the possibility of broodstock yield and artificial propagation of gray mullet have investigated by gray mullet fingerlings imported from Hong kong and then they have cultured in earth ponds of Ghomishan areas during five years (1994-1998). In order to broodstock production in spring 1998, two earth ponds (0.5 hectare) were prepared. 100 specimens of fish stock (1-2.5 kg weight average and 5 years of age) placed in each pond. For providing of suitable water and nutrition, fish were fed by food containing rich protein (40%) with 3-5% body weight and maintained in water with 30-35 ppt salinity. The survey of sexual maturation was performed by sampling of sexual glands through year. There were four stages in dominant female broodstocks. This survey indicated that oocytes have emerged stage 1 (immature) from March to June, stage 2 (yolk vesicle) in September and stage 4 (yolk globule) in October. Three stages (first, second and third) of yolk formation in oocytes will occur but these stages take place in October, December and January respectively. It's obvious that oocytes will progress into the end of third stage (yolk formation) and then their growth was arrested. Ovum with 600 m diameter was observed when the water temperature declined less than 18 c and day time was short (from middle autumn to middle winter), on that time, fish were induced by hormone because lack of final maturation and ovulation, therefore, natural spawning was not occurred in pond condition. Furthermore, artificial propagation of mugil cephalus was occurred by hormonal induction. Hormonal induction was utilized by inject of many hormones (LHRH, Cph, HCG). Using different components of hormones and also their different doses obtained the best results from broodstock that the average ovum diameter was about 600 m. Several types hormones which were injected into gray mullet with two or several intermittent (24 h intervals) along with 20-25 c temperature and 30-35 ppt salinity. This condition can provide stage 4 maturity for fertilization. Totally (as whole), three intermittent fertilization was necessary for exiting of larva, larva production in first, second and third intermittents that were 2000, 2500 and 300 specimens respectively. Larva fed on chlorella algae and rotifera and they have maintained for 14-15 days. The results of obtainable research indicated the possibility of gray mullet broodstock production in cultural condition, artificial propagation and larva production. This research took place for the first time in north climate of Iran.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Mazandaran Province ; Gorgan ; Ghomishan ; Gray mullet ; Mugil cephalus ; Broodstock ; Production ; Yield ; Artificial propagation ; Hormone ; Temperature ; Culture ; Maturation ; Fingerlings ; Earthen ponds ; Ovum ; Spawning ; Breeding ; Reproduction
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 79
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  • 6
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    The fifth developing plan of Iranian Fisheries Research Institute (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25554 | 18721 | 2018-10-06 11:23:39 | 25554 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Accurate scientific and practical plan for achieving the goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran within the framework of Vision development 1404, is the infrastructure achieving sustainable development of the country. Order to achieve the above mentioned objectives and in order to the comprehensive development plans in the country, Iranian fisheries research organization adjust the fifth developing plan for support of executive related departments in country with mobilization a large number researchers consists of several working groups of ifro affiliated research centers. The fifth developing plan consist of three chapters for report of the forth developing plan and intrudction of research, construction plans and financial support (budjet) for period of 2011-2014 A.C.
    Keywords: Management ; Iran ; Fisheries ; Aquaculture ; IFRO ; Developing plans ; Fisheries research
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 144
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  • 7
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    Survey of potential adaptation (Ion- Osmotic) Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerling with Caspian sea water (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study aimed to determine domain the adaptability of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings in fresh water up to 20 per thousand (grams per liter) for providing facilities for growing this valuable species in the aquatic environment with salinity unconventional been completed. For this purpose the biochemical, bloody and physiologic parameters rainbow trout were studied to determine the adjustment range .Fingerlings fishes from cold water fish farm in the province Mazandran were prepared and for experiments were transferred to the Ecological Institute of Caspian Sea . Fingerlings with an average weight 31.56 ± 0. 07 SE g and average fork length 13.80 ± 0.15 SE cm, in 3 treatments in water with salinities (fresh, 13 and 20 grams per thousand) with a density of 15 numbers in polyethylene to 300-liter tank containing the 250 liters of water testing were introduced.Fresh water from Tajan rivers and water psu13 from the water Caspian Sea and water psu20 by mixing water the Caspian Sea and Sea salt was prepared . The daily amount to 50 percent of the of water tankss been replaced .During the experimental period was for 7 days and were not fed during the experiment.The water parameters was measured during the experiment included 6 ppm dissolved oxygen, pH equal to 8.2 and temperature 15.5 ° C . In the experimental period were not observed Losses in the experimental groups . The results showed that fish gill and kidney introduced in different salinities by making appropriate changes in chloride cells in the gills through increasing the number and the volume of these cells at the base of secondary blades and tubules in the kidney tubules to create greater interior space, are adapted to By changing salinity.Relatively parameters osmolarity, sodium, chloride, magnesium, cortisol, calcium, hematocrit, hemoglobin,number of red blood and white cells in water saltier than freshwater environment was higher (0.05〈 p, Duncan). Changes in hematological and blood plasma ionic parameters and vital organs Fingerlings indicates a willingness adaptability and the ability physiological adaptation fingerling was consistent with changes to environmental salinity brackish water .So, the factors measured with increasing salinity the uptrend that the range of variation for the osmolarite 449-281 mOsmol kg, for sodium, chloride, magnesium, cortisol, respectively, 211- 151, 165121, 3 / 3 7/0, 87. 53 mmol and the calcium 22-13 mg per dL.The measured values for hematocrit 32.2- 38.8%, hemoglobin 6.2 - 8.6 g per deciliter and the red and white blood cells, was respectively, 1.2-1.7×106 and the 15.6 -18.9×103.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Adaptation ; Rainbow trout ; Gills ; Kidney ; Survey ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Fingerlings
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 42pp.
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  • 8
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    LHRH-A Implantation on reproductive cycle of Iranian sturgeon (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The Iranian sturgeon ( Acipenser persicus) is one of most commercially important sturgeon species in the Caspian Sea and it is considered as an endemic sturgeon of the south part of the Caspian sea. Most of its populations distributed around the south coast of the sea and also the most Iranian caviar production belonged to this species. Due to overfishing, degradation of the rivers conditions as the natural reproduction places the stocks of the fish is decreasing and that is why the Islamic republic of Iran releases millions of its fingerlings to the rivers that end to the sea to stock restoration. With regard to the high expenses of the artificial propagation and fingerlings production, finding and creation of better output will play an important role to decrease the production expenditures. Now days, the decrease in the natural stocks of broodstocks and also the low quality and immature caught broodstocks are the fundamental problems which the industry of sturgeon mass production faces. These not fully matured brooders do not response the hormonal induction processes at the sturgeon hatcheries (because they do not reach to final maturation and some of them having polarization index greater than 10 ) and large numbers of the caught and transported brooders to the hatcheries will not produce any fry ( as the data distributed and published by the sturgeon hatcheries about the production techniques). The main objective of the research study is to apply a new method for artificial reproduction (LHRH-A implantation) to gain the best output from the Iranian sturgeon brooders caught and transported from the Caspian Sea which will be done for the first time on sturgeons and there is not still any report of the application of this procedure ( LHRH-A implantation )over these kinds of fishes. Most published report on the method belonged to the teleosts.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: LHRH-A ; Implantation ; Iranian sturgeon ; Acipenser persicus ; Species ; Population ; Caviar ; Species ; Fingerlings ; Artificial propagation ; Broodstocks ; Hatcheries ; Brooders
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 93pp.
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  • 9
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    Oral administration of garlic powder (Allium sativum) on growth performance and survival rate of Carassius auratus fingerlings (2019)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different levels of garlic (Allium sativum) on growth survival and nutritional characteristics of goldfish (Carassius auratus). For this purpose, 180 goldfish with an average initial weight of 1.18± 0.08 g were introduced randomly into 12 aquaria (50×30×40 cm) in 4 groups, with 15 fish in each group. Treatments were fed on a basal diet for one week, followed by experimental diets for eight weeks. Garlic powder was added at levels of 0 (Control), 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mg kg^-1 to commercial diet. At the end of the experiment, growth and survival rates and feed performance were evaluated. There was no significant difference in growth rate and feed efficiency between treatments, although they were better in the 0.5% level. The highest survival rate was achieved in the 0.5% treatment that showed a significant difference compared to the control diet (p〈0.05). The best growth performance and feed efficiency were obtained in fish fed the 0.5% garlic powder diet.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Carassius auratus ; Allium sativum ; Garlic powder ; Growth ; Feeding ; Survival ; Fingerlings
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.71-82
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  • 10
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    Osmoregulatory capabilities of Zander (Sander lucioperca) fingerlings in different salinities of the Caspian Sea (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Osmoregulation capabilities of two size groups (1 and 2g) of zander , Sander lucioperca, fingerlings were investigated survival rate, plasma osmolarity, sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-) ion concentrations and cortisol level within 0, 6, 24, 72 and 240 h after abrupt transfer from freshwater to 7 and 12‰ salinity. Also, some hematological parameters were measured at 240h. The plasma osmolarity and ion concentrations (Na+, Cl-) increased immediately after the transference to 7 and 12‰ salinity, reaching maximum at 72h in 1g and at 24 h in 2g fingerlings, and significantly decreased at 240 h, while the freshwater control group maintained almost constant during 10 days which showed lower than the salinity groups. The pattern of cortisol level changes was similar in two size groups after exposure to different salinities and it reflected stress of handling. There were no significant differences between hematological values of two salinity treatment groups than the freshwater control at 240h. The result showed, not only 2g zander fingerlings acted better than 1g in faced with salinity but also the fingerlings weighing 1g could survived and tolerate Caspian Sea water salinity up to 12‰. It is suggested that the release of zander weighing from 1g would help to restocking management of this species in the southern Caspian Sea.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biology ; Physiology ; Sander lucioperca ; Size ; Salinity ; Osmoregulation ; Cortisol ; Fingerlings
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.247-261
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