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  • 1
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    Measurement of the absolute branching fraction of the inclusive decay $$Lambda _c^+ ightarrow K_S^0X$$ (2020)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-01
    Description: We report the first measurement of the absolute branching fraction of the inclusive decay $$Lambda _c^+ ightarrow K_S^0X$$ Λ c + → K S 0 X . The analysis is performed using an $$e^+e^-$$ e + e - collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 567 $$hbox {pb}^{-1}$$ pb - 1 taken at $$sqrt{s}$$ s = 4.6 GeV with the BESIII detector. Using eleven Cabibbo-favored $${ ar{Lambda }}_c^-$$ Λ ¯ c - decay modes and the double-tag technique, this absolute branching fraction is measured to be $${mathcal {B}}(Lambda _c^+ ightarrow K_S^0X)=(9.9pm 0.6pm 0.4)\%$$ B ( Λ c + → K S 0 X ) = ( 9.9 ± 0.6 ± 0.4 ) % , where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The relative deviation between the branching fractions for the inclusive decay and the observed exclusive decays is $$(18.7pm 8.3)\%$$ ( 18.7 ± 8.3 ) % , which indicates that there may be some unobserved decay modes with a neutron or excited baryons in the final state.
    Print ISSN: 1434-6044
    Electronic ISSN: 1434-6052
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late quaternary sediments in Lake Zürich, Switzerland (1983)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 5 (1983), S. 191-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Lake Zürich occupies a glacially overdeepened perialpine trough in the northern Middlelands of Switzerland. A total of 154.4 m of Quaternary sediments and 47.3 m of Tertiary Molasse bedrock has been cored from the deepest part of the lake, some 10 km south of the city of Zürich. Some 16.8 m of gravels and sands directly overlying the bedrock include basal till and probably earliest subglacial fluvial and lacustrine deposits. These are overlain by 98.6 m of fine-grained, glacial-aged sediments comprising completely deformed proglacial and/or subglacial lacustrine muds, separated by four basal mud tills. The lack of interglacial sediments, fossils, and other datable material, and the presence of severe sediment deformation and unknown amounts of erosion prevent the establishment of an exact chronostratigraphy for sediments older than the upper mud till. Above it some 8.6 m of lacustrine muds were deposited, folded, faulted, and tilted during the final opening of the lake at about 17,500–17,000 years ago. Superimposed are 30.4 m of final Würm and post-glacial sediments comprising (from oldest): cyclic proglacial mud, thick-bedded and laminated mud, a complex transition zone, laminated carbonate, laminated marl, and diatom-calcite varves. These sediments reflect changing catchment and lacustrine conditions including: glacial proximity, catchment stability, lake inflow characteristics, thermal structure, chemistry, and bed stability. Average sedimentation rates ranged from 11 cm yr−1 immediately after glacier withdrawal, to as low as 0.4 mm yr−1 as the environment stabilized. The lack of coarse outwash deposits separating the fine-grained glaciolacustrine sediments from a corresponding underlying basal till suggests that deglaciation of the deep northern basin of Lake Zürich was by stagnation-zone retreat rather than by retreat of an active ice-front.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02414864
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iodine-129 and plutonium isotopes in Arctic kelp as historical indicators of transport of nuclear fuel-reprocessing wastes from mid-to-high latitudes in the Atlantic Ocean (1998)
    Springer
    Marine biology 131 (1998), S. 391-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Iodine-129:iodine-127 ratios were determined using accelerator mass spectrometry in 34 Arctic marine algae collected between 1930 and 1993. A smaller set (5) of marine algae were also analyzed mass spectrometrically to determine plutonium-isotope ratios. The 129I:127I ratio increased as much as three orders of magnitude from a mean of 〈1×10−11 (atom/atom) in the pre-nuclear era (before 1945) to nearly 1000×10−11 in 1993 for marine algae collected from the Novaya Zemlya archipelago separating the Barents and Kara Seas. The predominant basis for the higher ratios in the Novaya Zemlya kelps appears to be upcurrent sources of 129I from nuclear fuel-reprocessing facilities at Sellafield (UK) and La Hague (France). Relatively high 241Pu:239Pu ratios (compared to observed bomb fallout at boreal latitudes, decay corrected to the date of collection) also corroborate the influence of non-fallout sources. The small size of the data set precludes determining if there are significant contributions of 129I and other radionuclides from Russian sources. In contrast, marine algae collected between 1969 and 1993 in the Bering, Beaufort and East Siberian Seas had much lower 129I:127I ratios (mean=14.04×10−11±3.15 SD) than those observed in the European Arctic. The narrow range of ratios in Ameriasian Arctic kelps, and the modest change over that time period, indicate that there were no major contributions of non-fallout 129I to North American Arctic surface waters at the time that the algae were collected. The potential for timing the transport of fuel-reprocessed 129I through analysis of additional archived samples is outlined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050332
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parametric dependence of the properties of pulsed-laser-deposited diamond-like carbon films (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 287-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 68.60 ; 81.15 ; 68.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The properties of Pulsed-Laser-Deposited Diamond-Like Carbon (PLD DLC) films are studied as functions of the power densityΦ and the wavelengthλ of the laser beam, and the incident angleϑ of the beam relative to the normal of the target surface. All the films have a similar structure consisting of graphite particulates embedded in a continuous matrix, so the macroscopic performance of the films is determined by the overall contributions of the particulates and the matrix. The use of higherΦ, shorterλ, or largerϑ leads to an enhancement of the diamond-like characteristics and a simultaneous increase of the particulate density. These two effects give opposite contributions to the electrical conductivityσ R, leading to the following results. (i) σR drops with increasingΦ in the lowΦ range (region I) due to the stronger diamond-like nature of the matrix, but increases sharply afterΦ has exceeded a thresholdΦ min as a result of the rapid increase in particulate density. (ii) In region I, the use of shorterλ or largerϑ leads to a more diamond-like matrix, and this overwhelms the degradation effect caused by the slight increase in particulate density. The samples thus become more insulating. In the highΦ region (region II), however, the use of shorterλ or largerϑ gives rise to higher particulate density, thereby increasing the electrical conductivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01567883
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relativistic electronic structure calculations on endohedral Gd@C60, La@C60, Gd@C74, and La@C74 (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 70 (2000), S. 461-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 61.48.+c; 31.15. Ew
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Relativistic discrete-variational local density functional calculations on endohedral Gd@C60, La@C60,Gd@C74, and La@C74 are performed. All the C60- and C74-derivedlevels are lowered upon endohedral Gd and La doping. Both the Gd (4f75d16s2) and La (5d16s2) atoms only donate their two 6s valence electrons to the cages, leaving behind their 5d electrons when they are placed at the cage centers. Compared with large-band-gap C60, small-band-gap C74 and Gd (La)-metallofullerenes have strong both electron-donating and electron-accepting characters, and the calculated ionization potentials and electron affinities for them agree well with the available experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390051068
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blood interactions with plasticized poly(vinyl chloride): relevance of plasticizer selection (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 10 (1999), S. 527-531 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract An investigation has been made of blood interactions with plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) biomaterials in tubular form, taking into account the influence on the blood response of the polymer, antithrombotic agent, blood condition and test procedure. In vitro and ex vivo procedures were used to achieve a comparison between PVC plasticized with di- (2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and with tri-(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate (TEHTM). The blood response was monitored in terms of the measurement of fibrinogen adsorption capacity, thrombin–antithrombin III complex (TAT) and the complement component C3a. Surface characterization of the polymers was performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The data obtained indicate that in comparison with DEHP-PVC, there is a higher reactivity for TEHTM-PVC, which correlates with the plasticizer distribution at the polymer surface. © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008912213420
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retardation Coefficients of Nonionic Organic Compounds Determined by Batch and Column Techniques (1998)
    Springer
    Soil Science Society of America journal 62 (1998), S. 142-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0661
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computational and experimental study of a railplug igniter (1993)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 14 (1993), S. 416-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The plasma plume generated by a new type of high energy igniter known as the railplug is examined. The railplug is a miniaturized railgun that has the potential for improving ignition characteristics of combustible mixtures in engines. The objective of the study is to gain an understanding of the characteristics of the plasma created by a transparent railplug and to validate a multidimensional computer simulation of the plasma and shock fronts. The nature of the plume emitted by the railplug was examined for three levels of electrical energy while firing into air at a pressure of 1 atm. The computer model is to be used to predict trends in railplug performance for various railplug designs, energies, and ambient conditions. The velocity of the plasma movement inside a transparent railplug was measured, as well as the velocity of the plume ejected from the cavity. A shock is produced at the initiation point of the arc and propagates down the cavity, eventually exiting the plug. The velocity of the shock was both measured experimentally and simulated by the model. The computer simulation produces a mushroom-shaped plasma plume at the railplug exit similar to that observed in the shadowgraph photos. The simulation also reproduced the toroidal circulation observed at the plug exit in the shadowgraphs, the radial expansion, and the penetration depth of the plume. The trend of linearly increasing plasma kinetic energy with stored electrical energy predicted by the simulation was verified by shadowgraph photos. The agreement between the experiments and the simulations suggests that the multidimensional model holds promise as a predictive design tool.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00190196
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    2D numerical simulation for simultaneous heat, water and gas migration in soil bed under different environmental conditions (1998)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 34 (1998), S. 307-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A general mathematical model for investigating simultaneous heat, water and gas (air plus vapor) transfer in unsaturated porous soil under different environmental conditions is presented based on the volume-averaging method. Two-dimensional numerical simulation in steady state is conducted for obtaining accurate images of field characteristics in a confined soil bed, which might be useful to provide necessary information for agricultural applications. Various effects of environmental parameters, such as ambient temperature, relative humidity, radiative heat flux and wind speed, on transport processes in soil without plant roots are analyzed through the calculating results in the present paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002310050264
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A “defeated” rice resistance gene acts as a QTL against a virulent strain of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 261 (1999), S. 58-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsOryza sativa L. ; Gene mapping ; Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) ; Host-pathogen co-evolution ; Stabilizing selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genetic components responsible for qualitative and quantitative resistance of rice plants to three strains (CR4, CXO8, and CR6) of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) were investigated using a set of 315 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from the cross Lemont (japonica) × Teqing (indica) and a complete linkage map with 182 well distributed RFLP markers. We mapped a major gene (Xa4) and ten quantitative trait loci (QTLs) which were largely responsible for segregation of the resistance phenotype in the RILs. The Teqing allele at the Xa4 locus, Xa4 T , acted as a dominant resistance gene against CR4 and CXO8. The breakdown of Xa4 T -associated resistance mediated by the mutant allele at the avrXa4 locus in the virulent strain CR6 results from significant changes in both gene action (lose of dominance) and the magnitude of gene effect (≈50% reduction). Nevertheless, Xa4 T still acted as a recessive QTL with a significant residual effect against CR6. The mutant alleles at the avrXa4 locus in CXO8 and CR6 that lead to a reduction in effect, or “breakdown”, of Xa4 T were apparently accompanied by corresponding penalties for their fitness. The quantitative component of resistance to Xoo in the RILs was largely due to a number of resistance QTLs. Most resistance QTLs mapped to genomic locations where major resistance genes and/or QTLs for resistance to Xoo, blast and sheath blight were identified in the same cross. Most QTLs showed consistent levels of resistance against all three Xoo strains. Our results suggest that a high level of durable resistance to Xoo may be achieved by the cumulative effects of multiple QTLs, including the residual effects of “defeated” major resistance genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050941
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