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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression sites and developmental regulation of genes encoding (1→3,1→4)-β-glucanases in germinated barley (1988)
    Springer
    Planta 173 (1988), S. 500-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Aleurone ; (1→3,1→4)-β-Glucanase ; Hordeum (gene regulation) ; Hybridization histochemistry ; Scutellum ; Seed germination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Expression sites of genes encoding (1→3,1→4)-β-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.73) have been mapped in germinated barley grains (Hordeum vulgare L.) by hybridization histochemistry. A32P-labelled cDNA (copy DNA) probe was hybridized to cryosections of intact barley grains to localize complementary mRNAs. No mRNA encoding (1→3,1→4)-β-glucanase is detected in ungerminated grain. Expression of (1→3,1→4)-β-glucanase genes is first detected in the scutellum after 1 d and is confined to the epithelial layer. At this stage, no expression is apparent in the aleurone. After 2 d, levels of (1→3,1→4)-β-glucanase mRNA decrease in the scutellar epithelium but increase in the aleurone. In the aleurone layer, induction of (1→3,1→4)-β-glucanase gene expression, as measured by mRNA accumulation, progresses from the proximal to distal end of the grain as a front moving away from, and parallel to, the face of the scutellum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00958963
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anisotropy of Interfaces in an Ordered HCP Binary Alloy (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 95 (1999), S. 1337-1360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: diffuse interfaces ; hexagonal close packing ; anisotropy ; mean-field theory ; Allen–Cahn equation ; interphase boundaries ; antiphase boundaries ; surface energy ; discrete free energy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A multiple-order-parameter mean-field theory of ordering on a binary hexagonal- close-packed (HCP) crystal structure is developed, and adapted to provide a continuum formulation that incorporates the underlying symmetries of the HCP crystal in both the bulk and gradient energy terms of the free energy. The work is an extension of the previous treatment by Braun et al. [Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. A 355:1787 (1997)] of order–disorder transitions on a face-centered-cubic crystal (FCC) lattice. The theory is used to compute the orientation dependence of the structure and energy of interphase and antiphase boundaries in ordering to the Cd3Mg and CdMg structures, which are the HCP analogs of Cu3Au and CuAu structures in FCC. As in the corresponding FCC case, the multiple order parameters do not form a vector. Anisotropy is a natural consequence of the underlying crystal symmetries and the multiple-order-parameter continuum formation presented here. The isotropy transverse to the sixfold axis expected for a scalar order parameter is not found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004583324097
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A boundary integral method for the simulation of two-dimensional particle coarsening (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of scientific computing 1 (1986), S. 117-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7691
    Keywords: Boundary integral method ; free-boundary problems ; Ostwald ripening ; coarsening ; binary alloy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract A boundary integral method for the solution of a time-dependent free-boundary problem in a two-dimensional, multiply-connected, exterior domain is described. The method is based on an iterative solution of the resulting integral equations at each time step, with the initial guesses provided by extrapolation from previous time steps. The method is related to a technique discussed by Baker for the study of water waves. The discretization is chosen so that the solvability conditions required for the exterior Dirichlet problem do not degrade the convergence rate of the iterative solution procedure. Consideration is given to the question of vectorizing the computation. The method is applied to the problem of the coarsening of two-dimensional particles by volume diffusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01061389
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serial reconstruction of the mitochondrial reticulum in the antarctic flagellate,Pyramimonas gelidicola (Prasinophyceae, Chlorophyta) (1982)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 111 (1982), S. 79-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Prasinophyceae ; Pyramimonas ; Mitochondrion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A serial reconstruction ofPyramimonas gelidicola McFadden, Moestrup andWetherbee has revealed a large reticulated mitochondrion branching throughout the cell. The possibility of single mitochondria in other members of thePrasinophyceae and the uniformity of the morphology of this organelle within the class is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01287648
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flagellar regeneration and associated scale deposition inPyramimonas gelidicola (Prasinophyceae, Chlorophyta) (1985)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 128 (1985), S. 31-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Flagellar regeneration ; Prasinophyceae ; Pyramimonas scales
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary During regeneration of mechanically amputated flagella, flagellar scales and the subtending membrane accumulate in a villiform scale reservoir in which the scales interact to form patterns on the villi reminiscent of the arrangement they later assume on the flagellum. The reservoir membrane is continuous with the plasmalemma, and the scales, attached directly and indirectly to the membrane, leave the reservoir and migrate toward the developing flagella where they assemble into highly ordered layers. It is proposed that scale-scale interactions induce a process of auto-assembly initiating the complex arrangement of scale tiers on the flagellum and cell body.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01273232
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A polyclonal antibody (anticentrin) distinguishes between two types of fibrous flagellar roots in green algae (1988)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 144 (1988), S. 56-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Centrin ; Ca2-modulated contractile protein ; Flagellar apparatus ; Green algae ; Fibrous flagellar roots
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The two main types of fibrous flagellar roots present in the flagellar apparatus of green algae (system I and system II fibers) are immunologically distinct as indicated by the localization of a Ca2+-modulated contractile protein (centrin) exclusively in one type (system II fibers) but not in the other type (system I fibers). A polyclonal antibody generated against the major protein of the striated flagellar roots (system II fibers) of the quadriflagellate green algaTetraselmis striata was used to localize centrin by immunofluorescence and pre- and postembedding immunogold electron microscopy in the flagellar apparatus ofSpermatozopsis similis, S. exsultans, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Dunaliella bioculata, Polytomella parva and gametes ofMonostroma grevillei andEnteromorpha sp. Whereas the antibody recognizes centrin in connecting fibers and system II fibers, no labeling occurs in system I fibers in all taxa investigated. This study presents the first evidence that system I fibers lack centrin and indicates that the two main types of fibrous flagellar roots in green algae are biochemically distinct.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01320280
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spine-scale reorientation inApedinella radians (Pedinellales, Chrysophyceae): the microarchitecture and immunocytochemistry of the associated cytoskeleton (1988)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 147 (1988), S. 25-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Actin ; Apedinella ; Centrin ; Cytoskeleton ; Motility ; Tubulin (Microtubules)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Motile unicells ofApedinella radians have the extraordinary ability to instantaneously reorient six elongate spine-scales located on the cell surface. Extracellular striated fibrous connectors (termed microligaments) attach spine-scales to discrete regions of the plasma membrane underlain by intricate cytoplasmic plaques. A complex cytoskeleton is associated with the plaques and appears responsible for spine-scale movement. Three cytoskeletal proteins have thus far been identified by immunofluorescence using anti-tubulin, anti-actin, and anti-centrin. The three-dimensional configuration of the cytoskeleton has been established and consists of filamentous bundles of actin and centrin which form stellate systems interconnecting the plaques. Additionally, there is a network of microtubular triads which originate on the surface of the nuclear envelope and subtend the plasma membrane and also support several tentacular protrusions. It is proposed that contraction of the actin and/or centrin filamentous bundles is responsible for the reorientation of the spine-scales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403875
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and cytochemical analysis of an unusual nucleus-pyrenoid association in a unicellular red alga (1995)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 186 (1995), S. 131-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Nucleic acid cytochemistry ; Nuclear protrusion ; Pyrenoid ; Rhodella maculata ; Structural RNA ; Ribosomal RNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Protrusions of the nucleus that extend into the pyrenoid of the unicellular red algaRhodella maculata have been characterised morphologically and cytochemically. Serial reconstructions indicate that cells frequently have two tubular nuclear protrusions that are up to 1.2 μm long. Cytochemical analyses were undertaken to investigate the nucleic acid content of the protrusions. DNA was not detected in the nuclear protrusions, though clear labelling was seen in all other DNA-containing zones (viz. the main nuclear compartment, the chloroplast and the mitochondria). High concentrations of RNA were observed in the nuclear protrusion. In situ hybridization experiments indicate that ribosomal RNAs are not a major component of the protrusion RNA. Possible roles of the protrusion and its RNA content are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281323
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reconstruction of the flagellar apparatus and microtubular cytoskeleton inPyramimonas gelidicola (Prasinophyceae, Chlorophyta) (1984)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 121 (1984), S. 186-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Flagellar apparatus ; Microtubular cytoskeleton ; Phylogeny ; Prasinophyceae ; Pyramimonas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The absolute configuration of the flagellar apparatus inPyramimonas gelidicola McFadden et al. has been determined and shows identity withP. obovata, indicating that they are closely related. Comparison with the flagellar apparatus of quadriflagellate zoospores from the more advancedChlorophyceae suggest thatPyramimonas may be a primitive ancestral form. The microtubular cytoskeleton has been examined in detail and is shown to be unusual in that it does not attach to the flagellar apparatus. Cytoskeletal microtubules are nucleated individually, and this is interpreted as an adaptation to the methods of mitosis and scale deployment. In view of the primitive nature of these processes, it is proposed that this type of cytoskeletal organization may represent a less advanced condition than that of the flagellar root MTOCs (microtubule organizing centers) observed in theChlorophyceae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01282312
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Golgi apparatus activity and membrane flow during scale biogenesis in the green flagellateScherffelia dubia (Prasinophyceae). I: Flagellar regeneration (1986)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 130 (1986), S. 186-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Flagellar regeneration ; Golgi apparatus ; Green algae ; Membrane flow ; Scale biogenesis ; Scherffelia dubia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Cells ofScherffelia dubia regenerate flagella with a complete scale covering after experimental flagellar amputation. Flagellar regeneration was used to study Golgi apparatus (GA) activity during flagellar scale production. By comparing the number of scales present on mature flagella with the flagellar regeneration kinetics, it is calculated that each cell produces ca. 260 scales per minute during flagellar regeneration. Flagellar scales are assembled exclusively in the GA and abstricted from the rims of thetrans-most GA cisternae into vesicles. Exocytosis of scales occurs at the base of the anterior flagellar groove. The central portion of thetrans-most cisterna, containing no scales, detaches from the stack of cisternae and develops a coat to become a coated polygonal vesicle. Scale biogenesis involves continuous turnover of GA cisternae, and scale production rates indicate maturation of four cisternae per minute from each of the cells two dictyosomes. A possible model of membrane flow routes during flagellar regeneration, which involves a membrane recycling loop via the coated polygonal vesicles, is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01276600
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