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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 52 (1996), S. 481-486 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Polychaete ; coelomic cells ; eleocytes ; adenylates ; ADP ; AMP ; inosine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eleocytes are specialized coelomic cells in nereid annelids which assume a central role during germ cell development. They may contain extremely high concentrations of both adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) (each 〉10 μmol/ml of cell vol.), whereas the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content is comparatively low (0.8 μmol/ml cell vol.).31P nuclear magnetic, resonance (NMR) studies of living eleocytes suggest the compartmentalization of both AMP and ADP in the large acidic vacuole characteristic for this cell type. Eleocytes are thus capable of storing high concentrations of ADP and AMP without inhibiting energy metabolism, by sequestering these compounds in a separate compartment. The high concentrations of both AMP and ADP in the eleocytes decrease in both males and females during the course of maturation. In eleocytes of male animals, the decline of the high nucleotide concentrations was accompanied by a transient increase of two intracellular nucleosides, inosine and guanosine. This suggests the degradation and further metabolism of nucleotides to the corresponding nucleosides. In culture, eleocytes release both inosine and guanosine into the medium. Both nucleosides are also present in the coelomic fluid, the common compartment for both eleocytes and germ cells. Both male and female germ cells incorporate14C-labelled inosine and guanosine in culture. For oocytes, the further incorporation of [14C]inosine into the RNA fraction could be demonstrated. The large adenylate pools in the eleocytes may be regarded as a store for purine compounds for later use by the growing germ cells to supplement nucleic acid synthesis. The supply of nucleic acid precursors seems to be another specific function of eleocytes related to gametogenesis, in addition to their known synthesis of vitellogenin.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 5 (1970), S. 29-40 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden sechs unbekannte Mineralspezies und Subspezies beschrieben. Sie stammen aus dem Tsumeber Haupterzkörper und nahebei gelegenen Erzprospekten und wurden unter dem Erzmikroskop untersucht. Durch Untersuchung mit der Elektronen-Mikrosonde wurde das Vorhandensein neuer Mineralverbindungen nachgewiesen mit den Elementenpaaren: Vanadium und Gallium, Vanadium und Germanium und Zinn und Germanium sämtlich Sulfide. An Hand von Dreistoff-Diagrammen werden ihre Stellung und ihre Beziehungen zu Mineralien bekannter Art aufgezeigt und diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract Six unknown mineral species and subspecies are described. They were discovered in and nearby the Tsumeb main orebody and investigated under the ore microscope. Microprobe analysis revealed the presence of new mineral compounds with the paired elements: vanadium and gallium, vanadium and germanium, and tin and germanium, all of them sulfides. By means of diagrams their positions and their relations to minerals of known composition are shown and discussed.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A cell-surface-associated variant H-2K product was expressed by an Abelson virus-induced pre-B-cell line after chemical mutagenesis with ethyl methane sulfonate. The variant cell line (R8.313) was previously demonstrated to have altered allodeterminants in Kb as demonstrated by both Kb-specific monoclonal antibody binding and alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) cytolysis. The mutant H-2K b gene from R8.313 was cloned and characterized in detail. DNA sequence analysis of the region of the gene corresponding to the three extracellular domains identified a single point mutation resulting in a leucine-to-phenylalanine substitution at amino acid residue 82. The site of mutation within the α1 domain was confirmed by oligonucleotide hybridization analysis. Mouse L-cell fibroblasts transfected with the mutant gene were recognized with the same monoclonal antibody binding and CTL lytic pattern as the R8.313 cell line, confirming that the altered phenotype of the mutant cell line was due to a point mutation in the H-2K b gene. These data further extend the hypothesis that the region of amino acid residues 70–90 in the α1 domain is important in the formation of both antibody and CTL-defined recognition structures on major histocompatibility complex class I molecules.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 68.55; 61.10; 81.40.Ef
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The growth of epitaxial C60 thin films on mica(0 0 1) by thermal evaporation has been studied in detail by X-ray pole-figure measurements. The influence of the deposition rate, the substrate temperature and the film thickness on the in-plane epitaxial arrangements and the formation of twins has been investigated. It has been demonstrated that the C60 growth is determined by two independent and equivalent C60-crystal grain alignments (type-A and type-B). The nearly six-fold symmetry of the mica(0 0 1)-substrate surface offers the three-fold fcc-(1 1 1)-oriented C60-crystal grains two equivalent crystal alignments. A high deposition rate of 0.5 AÅ/s is responsible for the formation of twins at a substrate temperature of 150° C, which diminishes by a higher substrate temperature of 200° C. By a decrease of the deposition rate down to 0.08 AÅ/s the twins vanish at a film thickness of 200 nm and at the substrate temperature of 150° C. Under the same sublimation conditions, in addition to the type-A and type-B crystal orientations, the growth of the thin C60 films starts with a slight fibre texture which does not appear at a larger film thickness.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Measurement techniques 17 (1974), S. 852-854 
    ISSN: 1573-8906
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental management 18 (1994), S. 569-586 
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Lake management ; Geographic information systems ; Eutrophication ; Groundwater sensitivity index ; Runoff sensitivity index
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Sensitivity indices, which rank factors pertinent to surface and subsurface runoff pathways, were used to identify phosphorus source areas in riparian zones of 15 northern Minnesota lakes. Watershed models were first developed using a geographic information system (GIS). Empirical models were then developed correlating water quality with land use, lake morphometry, and riparian sensitivity. Base models of forested, cultivated, pasture/open, wetland and residential land use within 100, 200, 400, and 2000 m of the study lakes were regressed on total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. Area-weighted groundwater and surface runoff sensitivity indices were then incorporated into each model and tested for significance. Within the 200-m buffer, the total phosphorus base model was improved by including the groundwater index alone. The chlorophyll-a base model at 200 m was improved by including: (1) the groundwater index alone, and (2) both the groundwater and surface runoff sensitivity indices. Results suggest that surface and subsurface runoff analysis of potential source areas can improve decision making for lake riparian management.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 78 (1973), S. 381-396 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Entwicklung von Pflanzen aus Pollenkörnern in Antherenkulturen vonDatura meteloides undDatura innoxia kann auf verschiedenen Wegen erfolgen, die sich schon hinsichtlich der ersten Zellteilungen im Pollen voneinander unterscheiden. Während Mitosen ohne Streckungswachstum in direkter Folge zur Bildung von Einzelembryonen führen, entstehen durch Zellteilungen in Kombination mit stärkerem Streckungswachstum Verbände aus Kalluszellen, an denen sich früher oder später zum Teil sehr zahlreiche Adventivembryonen entwickeln. Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Bildung von embryogenem Kallus besteht darin, daß durch Platzen der Pollenwand teilweise oder ganz voneinander isolierte dickwandige Zellen freigesetzt werden. Aus einzelnen Pollen-Embryonen herangewachsene Pflanzen vonDatura meteloides sind stets haploid, wohingegen aus embryogenem Pollen-Kallus hervorgegangene Individuen unterschiedliche Ploidiestufen von haploid bis triploid aufweisen. Der im Verlauf des Kalluswachstums eintretende Verlust der Haploidie beruht vermutlich auf endomitotischer Chromosomenverdopplung und gelegentlichen Kernfusionen.
    Notes: Summary Development of pollen plants in anther cultures ofDatura meteloides andDatura innoxia occurs either from single embryos, formed directly by pollen grains, or from embryogenic pollen callus. Histological observations revealed the presence of different modes of cell division in pollen grains undergoing andromorphogenesis. Divisions in the absence of cell enlargement lead to the formation of multicellular pollen grains, in which cells become progressively smaller. Cell aggregates formed in this manner will develop into single embryos when liberated from the exine. On the other hand, when divisions in pollen grains are associated with cell enlargement, aggregates of parenchymatous callus cells will emerge from the ruptured pollen wall. Less commonly callus is produced after spreading a number of partially or totally isolated thick walled cells out of the bursting exine. The development of embryos from both, pollen grains and cells of pollen callus, in many respects resembles to embryo formation in callus cultures of somatic tissues, especially when starting from isolated callus cells. The occurence of a spectrum of intermediate morphological shapes between single pollen embryos and embryogenic pollen callus provides some additional information for the discussion of questions concerning the suspensor problem and the induction of polarity. Chromosome counts in squashed root tips of pollen plants ofDatura meteloides proved plants, which arose from single embryos, to be haploid, whereas plants regenerated from pollen callus are of different ploidy levels ranging from haploid to triploid. Cytological observations confirmed the presence of a mixture of various ploidy and some multinucleated cells in pollen callus. It is presumed, that chromosome multiplication in callus cells may arise from endomitotic doubling and occasional nuclear fusions.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 65 (1980), S. 167-171 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The experimental data presented show that positive reaction of phenolic inclusions in the PAS test may be caused by the presence of phenolic glycosides and/or certain non-glycosidic phenols, namely flavan-3,4-diols. These both possibilities and their respective importance under conditions of conventional histological procedures are discussed. The findings emphasize the need for extreme care in interpreting the results of the PAS reaction applied to plant material.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Shoot tip explants, callus and embryogenic cell suspensions of Euphorbia pulcherrima have been examined for quantitative variation in nuclear DNA content by means of cytophotometry. Increasing instability was found in calli and cell suspensions from Erlenmeyer flask and bioreactor culture. Nuclear DNA content ranged from 2C up to 32 C. Plants regenerated from embryogenic cell suspensions, however, were highly uniform with regard to phenotype and ploidy level indicating strongly impaired embryogenic potential of polyploid, aneuploid or other genetically altered cells.
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