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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High resolution bands in maize chromosomes by G-banding methods (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 80 (1990), S. 265-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Maize ; Chromosome banding ; G-banding method ; Enzymatic maceration ; Image analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary It was demonstrated that G-bands are unequivocally present in plant chromosomes, in contrast to what had been formerly believed by plant cytologists. Maize chromosomes prepared by an enzymatic maceration method and treated with trypsin or SDS showed clear G-bands spreading along the chromosomes. The most critical point during the G-banding procedures was the post-fixation with glutaraldehyde solution. Banding patterns were processed by using the chromosome image analyzing system and a clearer image was obtained. Gbanding technique and the image manipulation method described here can be applied to many plant species, and would contribute new information in the field of plant cytology and genetics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224397
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical localization of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase in the bovine intestine (1993)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 99 (1993), S. 485-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The localization of prostaglandin (PG) endoperoxide synthase in bovine intestine was examined immunocytochemically with polyclonal antibody raised against PG endoperoxide synthase purified from bovine seminal glands. The most intense positive staining reaction for the enzyme was present in mast cells. Mast cells were found to be widely distributed in the intestinal wall, and were particularly numerous in the lamina propria. Most of the mast cells in the lamina propria of the intestinal villi were elongated and oriented with their long axis parallel to the plane of the absorptive epithelium. In whole mount preparations of jejunal villi, mast cells were seen to form a two-dimensional network in the lamina propria. In addition to mast cells, smooth muscle cells of the inner circular muscle layer and muscularis mucosae, nerve cells and fibers, endothelial cells of arterioles, and serosal epithelial cells also showed faint to moderate staining for the enzyme. These results suggested that mast cells are the major source of PGs in the bovine intestinal wall. The characteristic arrangement of mast cells in the intestinal villi may be related to their functions in this portion of the bovine intestine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00274102
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluid dynamically caused cycle-to-cycle variations in piston-driven pipe expansion flows (1992)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 13 (1992), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A piston-driven pipe flow with a sudden expansion in cross-sectional area was studied experimentally using flow visualization and laser-Doppler anemometry as basic experimental techniques. To drive the flow, a piston was moved in the larger of the two pipes. It drew in the fluid into the pipe assembly during the upward stroke and removed fluid during the downward stroke. The time-varying flow field was investigated, yielding detailed information on the flow structure, its development, and variation with time. In the present paper, particular attention is given to those flow conditions that resulted in cycle-to-cylce variations of the flow field. For some of the conditions, repetitive cycle-to-cycle variations of the flow field occurred, yielding identical flows for even-numbered flow cycles and also for odd numbered cycles. However, the latter differed from the former. The presented data show that non-repetitive cycle-to-cycle variations of the flow field also exist and that these can be driven into a state where the flow appears to be nearly chaotic. The results of the investigation clearly demonstrate that fluid dynamically caused cycle-to-cycle flow variations can exist in piston-driven internal flows with separation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208068
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A diurnal variation of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) mRNA under a daily light-dark cycle in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (1991)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 95 (1991), S. 525-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We detected a diurnal change of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) messenger RNA (mRNA) in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) using the in situ hybridization technique combined with computed image analysis. The amount of VIP mRNA was greatest at 02.00 h, the next largest level was seen at 20.00 h during the dark phase and smallest at 14.00 h during the light phase. We also confirmed that the onset of the fluctuation of mRNA occurred 2–6 h prior to the diurnal variation of the content of VIP-like immunoreactivity by semiquantitative immunocytochemistry. These findings suggest that light stimulus from the retina is a primarily influence on the transcription of VIP mRNA and induces a diurnal variation of VIP synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315750
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and characterization of somatic rice chromosomes by imaging methods (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 81 (1991), S. 597-605 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Rice ; Somatic chromosome ; Condensation pattern ; Karyotype ; Discrimination chart
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Somatic rice chromosomes from 30 spreads were analyzed by imaging methods. Morphological characters of each of the 12 rice chromosomes were obtained both by the imaging methods and by visual inspection. The numerical data of relative length, arm ratio, and condensation pattern (CP) were statistically analyzed. The descriptive morphological information obtained was also summarized into numbers of “key characters” or essential short sentences to characterize the traits. The fitness probability or the appearing frequencies of the key character for each of the 30 chromosomes was calculated. Altogether, 118 key characters were extracted to distinguish each rice chromosome. Furthermore, several “discriminants” or critical key characters were determined among the key characters, and a discrimination chart or flowchart to identify all the rice chromosomes was constructed using the discriminants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226724
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterochromatic differentiation in barley chromosomes revealed by C- and N-banding techniques (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 81 (1991), S. 144-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Hordum vulgare L. ; C-banding ; N-banding ; Centromeric heterochromatin ; Heterochromatic polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Heterochromatin distribution in barley chromosomes was investigated by analyzing the C- and N-banding patterns of four cultivars. Enzymatic maceration and air drying were employed for the preparation of the chromosome slides. Although the two banding patterns were generally similar to each other, a clear difference was observed between them at the centromeric sites on all chromosomes. Every centromeric site consisted of N-banding positive and C-banding negative (N+ C−) heterochromatin in every cultivar examined. An intervarietal polymorphism of heterochromatin distribution was confirmed in each of the banding techniques. The appearance frequencies of some bands were different between the two banding techniques and among the cultivars. The heterochromatic differentiation observed is discussed with respect to cause.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215715
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microdissection of plant chromosomes by argon-ion laser beam (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 84 (1992), S. 787-791 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Barley chromosomes ; Rice chromosomes ; Laser dissection ; Micromanipulation ; Image analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Rice and barley chromosomal samples were prepared both on a polyester membrane and on an ordinary glass slide and subjected to microdissection by an argon-ion laser. The intensity and the position of the laser beam were controlled by a microcomputer. The most suitable intensity to obtain chromosomal fragments was determined experimentally. As a result, specific regions of the centromere, satellite, short arm, or long arm, of the barley and rice chromosomes were dissected out from the chromosomal spreads. Chromosomal fragments were also successfully transferred from the sample into an Eppendorf tube.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227385
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recovery of dissected C-band regions in Crepis chromosomes (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1993), S. 825-828 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Laser dissection ; Micromanipulation ; Crepis capillaris ; C-banding ; Quantitative ideogram
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Chromosome samples were prepared on a plastic coverslip covered with a polyester membrane and were subjected to the C-banding treatment. The C-band pattern was obtained after Giemsa staining. The C-band positive regions of the Crepis chromosomes were identified, dissected out by irradiation with a micro-laser beam and recovered in Eppendorf tubes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225025
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability in rDNA loci in the genus Oryza detected through fluorescence in situ hybridization (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1994), S. 893-899 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) ; Ribosomal DNA ; Genus Oryza ; Image analysis ; NOR variability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The 17s-5.8s-25s ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) loci in Oryza spp. were identified by the fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) method. The rDNA loci were located on one-to-three chromosomes (two-to-six sites) within the eight diploid Oryza spp. One of the rDNA loci gave the weakest hybridization signal. This locus is reported for the first time in the genus Oryza. The chromosomes containing the rDNA loci were determined to be numbers 9, 10 and 11 in descending order of the copy number of rDNA. The application of image analysis methods, after slide preparation treatments (post-treatments), and the use of a thermal cycler, greatly improved the reproducibility of the results. The evolutionary significance of the variability of rDNA loci among the Oryza spp. is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225782
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somatic chromosome map of rice by imaging methods (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 81 (1991), S. 589-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Rice ; Chromosome map ; Ideogram ; Image analysis ; Condensation pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Rice somatic chromosomes were completely identified and quantitatively mapped based on an image parameter, condensation pattern (CP), or a chromosomal density profile determined by imaging methods. The CP corresponds to the compactness of the chromatin fibers along the chromatid, which is characteristic in small plant chromosomes such as rice chromosomes at the mitotic pro-metaphase stage. The standard CP for every chromosome was obtained by averaging 60 CPs from 30 chromosome spreads. Each standard CP exhibited a characteristic pattern of the chromosome, which enabled it to be distinguished from the other chromosomes. An ideogram based on the numerical data and the standard CP was established. The chromosomal address was also determined based on the degree of condensation, and the fractional length of each chromosomal address was quantitatively presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226723
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